广外MTI资料
2015年广东外语外贸大学翻译学考研参考书,考研研究方向,考研经验分析
【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传,育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察,并一定要查看其营业执照,或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前,众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校,希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候,一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师.2015年广东外语外贸大学翻译学考研参考书研究方向导师初试科目01口译研究02笔译研究03翻译教育研究04文学翻译研究仲伟合莫爱屏赵军峰曾利沙平洪李明刘季春欧阳利锋穆雷平洪莫爱屏刘季春赵军峰余东张保红王友贵方开瑞褚东伟①101思想政治理论②240俄语或241法语或242德语或243日语或244西班牙语③623英语水平考试④801英语写作与翻译考研初试参考书:240|俄语:??大学俄语(1-4册)????丁树杞主编外语教学与研究出版社241|法语:简明法语教程上、下册孙辉主编商务印书馆242|德语:大学德语(1-3册)??张书良、赵仲主编??高等教育出版社243|日语:【(新版)中日交流标准日本语初级(上、下)】光村图书出版株式会社编?人民教育出版社出版244|西班牙语:请查看广东外语外贸大学研究生处网站623|英语水平考试:不指定参考书目,题型可参考我校招生网上的考试样题801|英语写作与翻译:不指定参考书目,题型可参考我校招生网上的考试样题专业课的复习和应考有着与公共课不同的策略和技巧,虽然每个考生的专业不同,但是在总体上都有一个既定的规律可以探寻。
以下就是针对考研专业课的一些十分重要的复习方法和技巧。
一、专业课考试的方法论对于报考本专业的考生来说,由于已经有了本科阶段的专业基础和知识储备,相对会比较容易进入状态。
但是,这类考生最容易产生轻敌的心理,因此也需要对该学科能有一个清楚的认识,做到知己知彼。
跨专业考研或者对考研所考科目较为陌生的同学,则应该快速建立起对这一学科的认知构架,第一轮下来能够把握该学科的宏观层面与整体构成,这对接下来具体而丰富地掌握各个部分、各个层面的知识具有全局和方向性的意义。
2013年广外高翻学院 翻译硕士MTI
2013年广外高翻学院翻译硕士MTI口译初试第一,总分415 政治80,翻硕英语82,英语翻译127,汉语百科126笔译初试第一,总分414 政治 83,翻硕英语80,英语翻译 126,汉语百科 125我们两个一起写下这篇不算经验的回忆帖,希望帮助未来师弟妹们高效复习,少走弯路。
友情提醒——今年起MTI招生政策新变化从2013年起,广外高翻学院将翻译学(MA)旗下的商务翻译、法律翻译、传媒翻译和国际会议传译等4个专业性强的方向调整为翻译硕士(MTI)专业方向,以凸显翻译硕士的应用性和专业性特色。
个人感觉,对于一个报考本就爆满的专业,再把几个原MA热门专业方向挪到MTI,必将使一部分原打算报读MA的人转投MTI,随之而来的竞争必将更为激烈。
打算报考的同学们要有个心理准备。
MTI广外笔译第一名经验回顾2013年广外高翻学院翻译硕士MTI笔译初试第一,总分414 政治 83,翻硕英语80,英语翻译 126,汉语百科 125——政治——【客观题】考了满分(对的坛里转载的官方答案),方法就两个字,多练!我把市面上能买到的选择题都做完了,认真核对答案把错题解析抄在空白处,抄的时候就要有意识的记住,不要想着考前还有时间给你重温。
选择题练了这么多以后,你会发现自己的题感直线飙升,有时候甚至不用看选项就知道答案,常见的出题陷阱、迷惑选项对你根本就是浮云啊浮云~~~【主观题】我就没什么发言权了,考前一个字没背,全靠平时看红宝书的积累。
其实挺后悔没背大名鼎鼎的肖4,背了主观题可能多考几分。
最后关于政治想说的是,不要产生逆反厌烦心理,这会让你的复习效率大大降低。
马哲近代史其实挺有趣,毛概中特是很那啥,但再那啥也有180万人跟你一起看。
专业课复习书单新东方托福词汇、专八词汇、星火英语专业考研基础英语(里面有词汇语法总结,很实用)星火英语专业考研名校真题(都是学硕的)、CATTI二三级笔译综合能力思雅达2本真题集(只是看题,阅读答案不可信)、武大MTI翻硕英语(里面有讲解阅读问答题技巧)武大MTI翻译基础(里面有各校真题,答案可信,译文不错)武大MTI汉语百科(里面有几大词汇的名词解释,很实用)《应用文写作》 2012年高考作文选——翻译硕士英语——今年词汇语法很简单,感觉最多就专四难度;阅读写作靠平时积累,考前总结议论文框架和自己用惯的开头结尾及观点陈述句,注意考场不要写得太长超字数。
2016年广外MTI初试真题回忆完整版
一、选择题1*30分难度较高,跟我们平时做的专四词汇不一样,感觉像是从外刊上直接摘抄下来的句子,有几句是从同一篇摘抄出来的。
考点语法点并不是很明晰,做这30道题我用了半个多小时……感觉广外这两年风格越来越偏向务实了。
二、阅读题4篇文章,共40分材料生词较多,内容也比较新颖,感觉还是从外刊上摘出来的文章。
但是题不难。
三、写作30分题目大概是“some people believe that if a couple have a regular job, they will have a more harmonious family relationship while others have totally different opinion.”让你针对此观点写一篇400词的作文。
一、词汇翻译【汉译英】1*151 大众创业万众创新popular/mass entrepreneurship and innovation(出自2015年政府工作报告)2 中澳自贸协定Free Trade Agreement between the Government of Australia and the Government of the People‟s Republic of China3 一带一路the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (the Belt and Road Initiative/the Land and Maritime Silk Road Initiative, B&R)4 城镇化urbanization5 世界反法西斯战争World's Anti-Fascist War (the Second World War)中国人民抗日战争China'sResistance Waragainst Japanese Aggression6 新常态New normal(出自2015年政府工作报告)7 命运共同体Community of Common Destiny8 经济发展快车道fast-track of economic growth(出自2015年政府工作报告)9 产能过剩overcapacity(出自2015年政府工作报告)10 多边贸易体系multilateral trading system11 千年发展目标the MillenniumDevelopmentGoals12 生态足迹Ecological Footprint13 董事总经理Managing Director14 商务部部长助理the assistant Minister of the Ministry of Commerce15 区域经济一体化regional economy integration【英译汉】1*151 United Nations Economic and Social Council联合国经济及社会理事会2 provice chancellor副校长3 the ASEAN Community (theAssociation Of Southeast Asian Nations)东南亚国家联盟共同体4 mutural but distinctive responsibility5 corrupt fugitive repatriation6 crowdfunding platform众筹平台7 global governance全球治理8 shale gas页岩气9 postdoctoral fellow博士后研究员10 social inclusiveness社会包容性11 multimodal transportation综合运输12 credit crunch信贷危机13 White House Chief of Staff白宫办公厅主任/白宫幕僚长14 The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine诺贝尔生理学或医学奖15 Commonwealth of Nations英联邦二、篇章翻译2*60【英译汉】讲的是有关现金流的现象,有一些词注意一下cash outflow/inflow, negative(负)positive(正),和金融有关系,然后又说你自己本身就是一个project,教育就是你的投资等等。
2015年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研参考书-专业目录-分数线-考研笔记一
广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研参考书-专业目录-分数线-考研笔记一2015年广东外语外贸大学翻硕(MTI)考研真题2015考研初试已经结束,跨考小编在考后整理了2015年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士(MTI)考研真题(网友回忆版),请参考!MTI初试考试流程:星期六上午8:30-11:30考研政治星期六下午2:00-5:00翻译硕士英语星期天上午8:30-11:30英语翻译基础星期天下午2:00-5:00汉语写作与百科知识一、101考研政治政治网上的经验资料很多,大家可以去参考,我就推荐考前冲刺卷用肖秀荣4套卷,今年押对了几个选择题和大题,而且选择题网上有详解,任4我也买了,有一些错题,而且选择题答案没有详解,为节约大家经费,可以不用买任4。
2015的政治比往年更加灵活,选择题覆盖面广,中国近代史考的内容很细,大家可以去看真题。
二、211翻译硕士英语1、选择题:好像没几个语法题,考的都很简单,有个either or和neither nor的区别。
其他题目就记得几个词组了:gear up to,set off to,carve up。
有几个选择题都是跟埃博拉疫情相关的。
2、阅读:前面两篇忘了,不过不是很难。
第三篇:很多外来移民涌入英国,有的人认为好,可以带来年轻的劳动力,没怎么减少英国人的福利,其他人认为不好,使得就业竞争激烈,当地人的福利下降等。
两个问答题分别针对这两个方面的。
第四篇:西班牙的什么地方想要独立出来成为一个国家,民众对此意见不一,有的人投票支持独立,其他人不支持独立。
3、作文:关于高等教育改革,有的人认为现在的教育体系已经实行了改革,有的人认为需要进行彻底的改革,阐述你的观点。
三、357英语翻译基础1、词组翻译:十八届四中全会,民族凝聚力,廉租房,洲际弹道导弹,综合国力,零和博弈,货物吞吐量,农田水利化,一站式服务,剩余劳动力,暂住证,镇馆之宝。
merger and acquisition,royalty rate,light literature,income tax return,export tax refund, collegiate tribunal,civic responsibilities,Financial Times,inflation-proof banking savings,public service interpreting.2、英译中:关于重新创作的主题,总共三大段,第二段是讲走错了创作的道路,美国流行电视新闻台披露了一个事件,让孩子们用手指蘸上颜料作画,然后装裱好悬挂到美术馆里,而顾客在不知情的情况下,愿意花数万美元购买这些作品。
2015年广东外语外贸大学英语笔译考研真题,考研重点,真题解析
1/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站: 12015年广东外语外贸大学考研指导育明教育,创始于2006年,由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办,并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟,是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。
学院:(010)高级翻译学院学科专业代码:055101学科专业名称:英语笔译本学科拟招生人数:80(说明:招生人数以教育部最终下达招生人数为准,此处仅作参考,可能会有调整)报考条件:学科简介:研究方向导师初试考试科目复试考试科目备注01商务翻译平洪李明刘季春2/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站: 2欧阳利锋褚东伟①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识①991翻译综合考试(笔译、口译)②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试)④720英汉互译(同等学力加试)02法律翻译赵军峰余东莫爱屏张新红①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识3/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站: 3①991翻译综合考试(笔译、口译)②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试)④720英汉互译(同等学力加试)03传媒翻译李明穆雷王海张保红何洪亮①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识①991翻译综合考试(笔译、口译)②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试)④720英汉互译(同等学力加试)4/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站: 404翻译与本地化管理穆雷葛诗利①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识①991翻译综合考试(笔译、口译)②992面试③719基础口译(同等学力加试)④720英汉互译(同等学力加试)复试形式与内容:初试参考书目•101|思想政治理论:请查看广东外语外贸大学研究生处网站•211|翻译硕士英语:1、《全日制翻译硕士专业学位(MTI)研究生入学考5/13【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站: 5试指南》,全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会编,外语教学与研究出版社,2009年。
2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研资料整理
2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研资料整理经济全球化economic globalization; economic integration经济失调指数misery index经济头脑commercially minded people; people with business sense经营管理高度科学化的现代化大企业modern big enterprise with highly scientific management system精简机构streamline government organs精品competitive products景泰蓝cloisonné敬业精神professional dedication; professional ethics九五攻关State Key Task 95居委会neighborhood committee; residents' committee局域网local area network (LAN)举报电话informants' hot-line telephone拒载refuse to take passengers君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure as crystal; a hedge between keeps friendship green竣工式completion ceremony卡丁车kart开发一代,储存一带,预研一代(产品)to develop this generation of products while researching onthe next generation of products开放式基金open-ended fund开工不足enterprises running under their production capacity开工典礼commencement ceremony开后门under-the-counter deals; offer advantages to one's friends or relatives by underhand means开题报告opening speech; opening report, thesis proposal开小灶give special favor开夜车burn the midnight oil; work over night看跌/看涨期权put / call option看守政府, 看守内阁,过渡政府caretaker cabinet抗震棚quake-proof shelter考研take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热the craze for graduate school科技成果转化为生产力transfer of scientific and technological achievements科技含量technology content科技是第一生产力Science and technology constitute a primary productive force.科教兴国rely on science and education to rejuvenate the nation科研攻关scientific research and tackle the key research project可持续发展战略strategy of sustainable development可转换债券convertible bond刻录机CD writer; disc-carving machine空头支票accommodation note, lip service空中小姐air hostess; air stewardess控股公司holding company口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease 2014年考研专业课复习安排及方法问题一:专业课复习的复习进度及内容安排回答一:专业课的复习通常在9月或者更早就要开始了,集中复习一般放在11月-12月左右。
翻译硕士MTI考试各高校真题汇总
MTI真题汇总2011史上最全MTI真题汇总-百科-应用文-翻译基础2011北师大翻译硕士MTI真题回忆版2011年外国语大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础真题回忆2011年语言大学翻译硕士真题回忆版11外经贸真题2011对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研历程回顾2011年中国石油大学英语翻译硕士真题回忆2011东北大学翻译硕士MTI真题回忆2011师大学MTI真题2011年大学MTI真题2011大学MTI考生回忆帖2011年大学翻译硕士MTI入学考试真题回忆版本2011年师大学翻译硕士(MTI)真题回忆北二外英语MTI试题2011 大学MTI考研真题2011年广外MTI真题回忆+解析+备考经验2011年上交翻译硕士MTI真题回忆2011年外国语大学翻硕MTI百科知识考研2011西外MTI复试2011年川外翻译硕士MTI真题回忆版2011大学翻译硕士初试真题2011年大学翻译硕士复试容2011大学翻译硕士初试真题2010-2011复旦大学MTI真题2011北二外MTI2011年大学翻译硕士MTI真题回忆2011年大学翻译硕士真题回忆2011年大学翻译硕士MTI真题回顾2011年师大学翻译硕士MTI考研回忆2011年西南大学翻译硕士部分真题回忆2011南开大学翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识2011南开大学翻译硕士MTI翻译基础2011年南开大学翻译硕士MTI真题回忆2011年暨南大学翻硕真题回忆2011年师大翻译硕士MTI真题回忆版2011年东南大学翻译硕士(MTI)真题回忆及备考经验2011年华东师大MTI真题回忆及考后经验2011年大学外国语学院英语语言文学基础英语汉译英试题2011年百科知识题型统计2011年大学翻译硕士MTI考试真题回忆版2011年各高校英汉特色词语翻译!最强完整版!2011天津外国语翻译硕士(笔译方向)真题2011年海事大学翻译硕士英语真题回忆2011年师大翻译硕士MTI真题回忆厦大2011MTI初复试+复习书目翻译硕士MTI各院校真题作文汇总2010年大学翻译硕士考研试题大学2010翻译硕士试题回顾2010 第二外国语学院MTI真题2010年外国语大学翻译硕士考研试题2010年北语MTI英语笔译真题2010年北航翻译硕士考研试题北航2010年真题大学MTI试题回忆天外MTI初试及复试经验帖川大2010翻译硕士原题对外经贸易2010年翻译硕士初试对外翻译硕士真题2010贸大MTI复试2010复旦大学MTI初试复试2010年华中师大学MTI真题2010大学MTI试题2010年南开大学MTI真题大学2010MTI考研大学2010年MTI真题回忆2010年大学翻译硕士试题2010年上外翻译硕士考研复试试题大学2010年MTI真题回忆同济大学2010翻译硕士题目回忆同济大学2010翻译硕士题目回忆2010年西外MTI汉语百科与写作2010中国海洋大学MTI真题回忆2010年中南大学MTI业课回忆2010中南大学MTI英汉互译回忆2011年中南大学翻译硕士(MTI)考研试题(回忆版)2010大学MTI英语翻译基础2010大学MTI英语翻译基础2010大学汉语写作与百科知识2010年交通大学翻译硕士(MTI)年真题回忆翻译硕士2010汉语写作大作文各高校回忆集外国语大学2009年翻译专业硕士MTI笔试真题WORD下载2010各校MTI分数线MTI笔译教材方华文:20世纪中国翻译史[完整] DJVU高华丽:中外翻译简史[2009] DJVU景华:译者的隐形•翻译史论文革:西方翻译理论流派研究[2004]景华:翻译伦理•韦努蒂翻译思想研究长栓:非文学翻译理论与实践外语教育-宏薇-新编汉英翻译教程下载《大学英汉翻译教程》(第三版),对外经济贸易,王恩冕交替传译笔记:速成课程DJVU王振国:新英汉翻译教程教师用书[2007][完整] DJVU外教社翻译硕士专业(MTI)系列教材和平:笔译训练指南钱歌川-翻译的技巧-写作材料.doc钱歌川:《翻译的技巧》钱歌川《英文疑难详解》、《英文疑难详解续》郭延礼:文学经典的翻译与解读[2007][完整]金焕荣:商务英语翻译铁路工程翻译相关方面的书籍MTI--物流英语其中:英汉新闻翻译[2009][完整] DJVU英文原版翻译书籍库存翻译生态学MTI口译教材【翻译硕士】MTI教材之- 同声传译配套MP3【口译原版】James Nolan:Interpretation: Techniques and Exercises 【口译原版】Phyllis Zatlin:Thearical Translation and FilmAdaptation[2005][T]军峰:《商务英语口译》(第二版)DjVu格式基础英语资料汇总《英美散文选读》(一),对外经济贸易大学,显璟《英美散文选读》(二),对外经济贸易大学,显璟庄锡昌:西方文化史[2003][正文可检索]常磊:英美文化博览荣启:文学语言学[2005][完整]王佐良:英国散文的流变[1998]培基英译中国现代散文选MTI--希腊文学简史外研社现代大学英语学生用书1-6 教师用书1-6存军:当今流行英语缩略语[2007][完整] DJVU百科资料汇总福田:中国文化小百科(一)福田:中国文化小百科(二)福田:中国文化小百科(三)钱光培:中国文学百科知识手册丁:中国文化小百科全书(4卷)当代中国文化百科全书(英文原版)当代英国文化百科全书(英文原版)王德友:中国文化百科[缺]贾宝珍:新世纪文化百科[正文可检索]程裕祯:中国文化要略(第二版)[2003]金元浦:中国文化概论[2007][完整] DJVU现代汉语与百科知识.doc翻译硕士百科知识语文常识《中国文学与中国文化知识应试指南》,东南大学,林青松不可不知的2000个文化常识PDF/DJVUMTI考试名词翻译及汉语名词解释.doc王长华:大学语文[2009][完整] DJVUMTI--环境保护专题应用文公文写作书籍10本应用文写作奉送(备忘录+广告+会议通知+商务信函+说明书)夏晓鸣:应用文写作【2007】《公文写作》《公文写作》,对外经济贸易,白延庆文国:中文读写教程第1、2册常用词典汇总汉英中国文化词典《牛津英美文化词典》《中国翻译家辞典》正文可搜索PDF林煌天:《中国翻译词典》PDF《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第7版谭载喜主译:翻译研究词典[完整] DJVU Dictionary of Translation Studies.rar 《最新汉英特色词汇词典》(第五版)许鲁之:简明英美文化词典[2000]汪榕培:英语学习背景知识词典.pdf王斌华:口笔译高频词汇词典[2010]最新汉英特色词汇(第四版)英语搭配大辞典__英汉对照牛津英语搭配词典__英汉双解版英汉双解美国习语词典__第4版。
2013广外MTI真题回忆
2013广外MTI真题回忆下面说一下2013年各科考试的具体内容吧,政治就不说了,现在应该到处有真题和标准答案看。
1. (211)翻译硕士英语(满分100)第一部分: 单选30个,共30分;考察词汇和语法。
词汇语法差不多各占一半。
(个人感觉难度不及专四,比较重基础,口语好的可以一边默读一边写,感觉对了的应该是对的.题目考得比较细,比如我记得第一个题考了so far,只要你认识,就是选这个啦。
有个题考了dispite(=in spite of )其中会给出dispite,in spite ,despite of之类的选项。
还有一个题目就要求理解句子意思才能做对,利用语法排除后选项剩下surprisingly和not surprisingly,所以句意还是要明白的。
个人觉得单项30个,其中好几个连起来看很像一篇完型填空,因为有一两个不认识的词老是出现,记忆中出现过黑奴这样的字眼。
第二部分: 阅读Section A: 两篇文章,每篇文章5个选择题,共10题,20分。
(第一篇文章关于恐龙化石,这个文章前三问都能在原文明确找到,第四问就是选下面哪个是错误的,我选了D,因为D选项把原文的likely说成了will,说得太绝对了,另外三个在文中也能找到,只是需要点时间把文章全看完。
第五问问了这篇文章的主题,好像也不是很难,每个选项都很短,而且ABCD意思差别挺大的。
第二篇文章关于英国Stratford的文化旅游,就是莎士比亚的住址,大意是:在那里有两类人,一类通过戏剧表演啊什么的努力维持莎翁的文学艺术之类的,另一类通过带游客去一些地点赚钱,两类人意见不一样,然后还讲了前一类人可能得到当地的什么钱支柱事业发展,但是第二类人不同意或者是认为不应该给前一类人这个钱,第二类人给出的理由是戏剧表演的门票上涨了,因此第一类人的收入上升了等等原因,这个地方出了个题,说第二类人不同意第一类人得到这个钱的原因是?另外考的题目还有这两类人的分歧是因为?作者这句话(文中的某句话)的意思是?总之这篇文章也不难,都在文章中明明白白地看得到)个人认为这两篇文章和笔译三级中的阅读题目难度相似,答案出法也类似。
广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2010年
广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2010年(总分:150.00,做题时间:90分钟)一、Ⅰ(总题数:15,分数:15.00)1.CPPCC(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(中国人民政治协商会议(Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference))解析:2.UNESCO(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(联合国教科文组织(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)) 解析:3.ASEM(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(亚欧会议(Asia-Europe Meeting))解析:4.China-ASEAN Expo(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(中国-东盟博览会)解析:5.SWOT analysis(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(态势分析(SWOT: Strength Weakness Opportunity Threats))解析:6.Global Sourcing(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(全球采购)解析:rmation Asymmetry(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(信息不对称)解析:8.Shanghai World Expo(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(上海世界博览会)解析:9.Innocent Presumption(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(无罪推定原则)解析:10.The Civil Law System(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(大陆法系)解析:11.The Book of Rites(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(《礼记》)解析:12.Mencius(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(《孟子》)解析:13.Consecutive Interpreting(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(交替传译)解析:14.The House of Commons(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(下议院)解析:15.A Farewell To Arms(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(《永别了,武器》)解析:二、Ⅱ(总题数:15,分数:15.00)16.全国人民代表大会(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(NPC (National People's Congress))解析:17.外交部(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(the Ministry of Foreign Affairs)解析:18.会展经济(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Exhibition Economy)解析:19.注册会计师(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Certified Public Accountant)解析:20.次贷危机(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(subprime crisis)解析:(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(the board of directors)解析:22.中国证监会(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(the China Securities Regulatory Commission)解析:23.廉政公署(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(ICAC (Independent Commission Against Corruption))解析:24.暂行规定(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Tentative Provisions)解析:25.有罪推定(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(presumption of guilty)解析:26.佛经翻译(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Buddhism translation)解析:27.百年老店(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(century-old shop)解析:(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Confucian Analects)解析:29.《三国演义》(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(The Romance of Three Kingdoms)解析:30.《南方都市报》(分数:1.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(Southern Metropolitan Daily)解析:三、Ⅲ(总题数:1,分数:60.00)31.Population ageing has become a world-wide phenomenon. Moreover, it has not only come to stay but, especially in the developing countries, it will become more felt and acute with the passage of time. Its repercussions are so wide-ranging and manifold that they can only be ignored at a tremendous cost to society.The growing rate of population ageing poses many challenges which have to be faced realistically.A number of decisions have to he taken with the cooperation of every social institution, he it the State, Non-Governmental Organizations, the community, the family members and last but not least, the older persons themselves. Each has a very important role to play in ensuring a sustainable development for the elderly population.Governments and civil society including organizations of older persons, academia, community-based organizations and the private sector need to help in capacity building on ageing issues. As the Shanghai Implementation Strategy points out, "A life-course and inter-sectoral approach to health and well-being is the best approach to ensure that both current and future generations of older persons remain healthy and active."The gap between the projected increases of the older population and the consequently required services, combined with the parallel development of the personnel needed to carry out these services, creates a pressing and urgent need to train appropriate staff. Training programmes have to be tailored to the nature of the participants, the work they are doing and the needs entailed. Though the basic issues dealt with might often be the same, the approach differs. It will be important in the not too distant future to explore innovative ways of providing education and training in rural and remote areas and to apply, as much as possible, the new and emerging communication technologies to facilitate and enhance these programmes.Every member of society should realize that aging is a process. Consequently, older persons are to be seen as equal citizens of any society, sharing the same rights like other citizens. Any form of discrimination is to be eradicated.(分数:60.00)__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案:(人口老龄化已经成为一个全球性的现象。
广外翻译概期末复习
翻概期末复习资料A.名词解释:20个考2分,30~80词1.Translation: The term translation itself has several meanings: it canrefer to the general subject field, the product(the text that has beentranslated) or the process(the act of producing the translation, otherwiseknown as translating).2. Translation Studies : Translation studies is an academicinterdiscipline(n.跨学科,多种学科)dealing with the systematic study of the theory, description and application of translation, interpreting, and localization(地方化). The term Translation Studies was coined by the American scholar Jame s S. Holmes in his paper “The name and nature oftranslation studies”, which is considered a foundational statement for thediscipline.3.Features of Discourse: Features of a discourse include cohesion andcoherence. The ties that bind a text together are often referred to underthe heading of cohesion while coherence is unity in a text or discourse, which makes sense because its elements do not contradict each other‟spresuppositions. Simply, coherence is natural or reasonable connection in thoughts.4.Semantic Translation (Newmark): Semantic translation, where thetranslator attempts, within the bare syntactic and semantic constraints of the TL, to produce the precise contextual meaning of the original. It tends to be more complex, more awkward, more detailed and it remains within the original culture and language as much as possible.municative translation (Newmark): Communicative translation,where the translator attempts to produce the same effect on the TargetLanguage readers as was produced by the original on the SL readers. It islikely to be smoother, simpler, cleaner, more direct, more conventional, using hold-all terms in difficult passages.6.Paraphrase (Dryden): translation with latitude, where the author is keptin view by the translator, so as never to be lost, but his words are not sostrictly followed as his sense; this involves changing whole phrases and more or less corresponds to faithful or sense-for-sense translation.7.Tytler’s three general laws of translation: Firstly, the translationshould give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.Secondly, the style and manner of writing should be of the same characterwith that of the original. Thirdly, the translation should have all the ease of the original composition.8.Equivalence:equivalence is the nature and the extent of therelationships between SL and TL texts. It relates to equivalent items in specific ST-TT pairs and contexts. There are different types of equivalence including Denotative Equivalence, Connotative equivalence, pragmatic equivalence and etc.9.Dynamic Equivalence(Nida): Dynamic Equivalence, where therelationship between receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and the message. It is receptor-oriented and the goal of dynamic equivalence is to seek the “closest natural equivalent to the SL message”.10.Domestication (Venuti): 归化It is also known as Domesticatingtranslation, aiming to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text for the TL readers. It may carry negative connotations, cultural narcissim, cultural hegemony of the powerful cultures and cultural colonialism. It is aggressively monolingual, unreceptive to the foreign.11.Foreignization (Venuti) 异化A term used by Venuti to designate thetype of translation in which TT is produced which deliberately breaks the target conventions by retaining something of the foreigness of the original.Venuti believes it is a strategic cultural intervention to make the translator “visible” and to make the readers realize and it restrains “violence”.12.Invisibility of the translator (Venuti): ~ is a term used by Venuti todescribe the translator‟s situation an activity in contemporary Anglo-American culture. Venuti sees this invisibility as typically being produced: by the way translators themselves tend to translate “fluently“ into English , to produce an idiomatic and …readable” TT, thus creating an “illusion of transparency”; by the way the translated texts are typically read in the target culture.13.Coherence rule (Hans Vermeer): 连贯原则~States that the TT mustbe interpretable as coherent with the TT receiver‟s situation. In other words, the TT must be translated in such a way that it is coherent for the TT receivers, given their circumstances and knowledge.14.Fidelity rule (Hans Vermeer) : 忠实法则,语内连贯法则;~merely statesthat there must be coherence between the translatum and the ST or, more specifically, between: the ST information received by the translator, the interpretation the translator makes of this information, the information that is encoded for the TTreceivers.15.Loyalty in translation (Nord): According to the prevailing concept oftranslation, readers might expect that the TT gives exactly the author‟s opinion. It is the transla tor‟s moral responsibility to be loyal both to the ST author and readers. Loyalty exists in the interpersonal relationshipbetween the translator, the ST author and TT addressees and always refer to the attitude of the translator during the process of translating. 16.Polysystem (Even-Zohar) : 多元系统It is developed in 1970s by Even-Zohar. The polysystem is conceived as a heterogeneous, hierarchized conglomerate of systems which interact to bring about an ongoing, dynamic process of evolution within the polysystem as a whole. The notion of system: a multi-layered structure of elements which relate toand interact with each other.17.Operational norms (Toury): Operational norms describe thepresentation and linguistic matter of the TT. They affect the matrix of text and the textual make-up and verbal formulation. Operational norms consists of Matricial norms and Textual-linguistic norms.18.Expectancy norms (Chesterman): ~are established by theexpectations of readers of a translation concerning what a translation should be like. Factors governing these norms include the predominant translation tradition in the target culture, the discourse conventions of the similar TL genre, and economic and ideological considerations.19.The cultural turn (Bassnett & Lefevere) :P125 The move fromtranslation as text to translation as culture and politics is what Mary Snell-Hornby, in her paper, terms “the cultural turn”. It is taken up by Bassnett and Lefevere as a metaphor for this cultural move and serves to bind together the range of case studies in their collection.20. Postcolonialism: 后殖民主义; postcolonialism is generally used tocover studies of the history of the former colonies, studies of powerful European empires, resistance to the colonialist powers and, more broadly, studies of the effect of the imbalance of power relations between colonized and colonizer. Here refer to postcolonialism in translation particularly. ???B.理论要点综述:12个考1个,150~300词1.Triadic model proposed by Dryden and its influence: John Dryden,whose brief description of the translation process would have enormous impact on subsequent translation theory and practice. In the preface to his translation of Ovid‟s Epistles, Dryden reduces all translation to three categories: Firstly, metaphrase: word by word and line by line translation, which corresponds to literal translation; Secondly, paraphrase:translation with latitude, where the author is kept in view by the translator, so as never to be lost, but his words are not so strictly followed as his sense;this involves changing whole phrases and more or less corresponds to faithful or sense-for-sense translation. Thirdly, imitation: forsaking both words and sense. This corresponds to Cowley‟s very free translation and is more or less adaptation. //Moreover, the triadic model proposed by Dryden was to exert considerable influence on later writings on translation.In general, Dryden and others writing on translation at the time are very prescriptive(规范的), setting out what has to be done in order for successful translation to take place. Other writers on translation also began to state their “principles“ in a similarly prescriptive fashion. For example, Dolet has five “principles“ while Tytler has three general “laws”.2.Nida’s theory of functional equivalence: P42. Dynamic, or functionalEquivalence is based on what Nida calls “the principle of equivalent effect”, where the relationship between receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and the message. The message has to be tailored to the receptor‟s linguis tic needs and cultural expectation and aims at complete naturalness of expression. Naturalness is a key requirement for Nida.Indeed, he defines the goal of dynamic equivalence as seeking the closet natural equivalent to the SL message. This receptor-oriented approach considers adaptations of grammar, of lexicon and of cultural references to be essential in order to achieve naturalness ; the TT language should not show interference from the SL, and the foreignness of the ST setting is minimized in a way that would now be criticized by later culturally oriented translation theorists.3.Features of a discourse and their enlightenment to translation:From a structural perspective, discourse is a unit of language above the sentence. There are two features of discourse: Cohesive and coherent.The linguistic mean by cohesion: sentences are woven together to make texts. Texts are made of sentences and sentences must be bound together and cross-linked in a variety of ways. So the ties that bind a texttogether are often referred under the head of cohesion. There are manycohesive devices such as reference, substitution, ellipsis, conjunction andlexical ties or even rhetorical devices. Coherence is a unity in a text ordiscourse, which makes sense because its elements do not contradict eachother‟s presuppositions. Simply, coherence is natural or reasonableconnection in thoughts. Enlightenment to translation: discourse analysis isimportant in translation. Translators should notice that the TT should becohesive and coherent as the ST is. In some cases, the discourse seemsnot coherent but actually makes sense due to shared knowledge amongoriginal text readers. Therefore the translator needs to compensate for theshared knowledge when rendering ST to TT.4.Vermeer’s Sk opotheorie and its basic underlying rules :Skopos is the Greek word for “aim” or “purpose” and was introduced intotranslation theory in the 1970s by Hans J. Vermeer as a technical term forthe purpose of a translation and of the action of translating. Skopostheoriefocuses above all on the purpose of the translation, which determines thetranslation methods and strategies that are to be employed in order toproduce a functionally adequate result. Therefore, in skopos theory,knowing why a ST is to be translated and what the function of the TT willbe are crucial for the translator. // The basic underlying rules of thetheory are: 1. A translatum(or TT) is determined by its skopos. 2. A TT isan offer of information in a target culture and TL concerning an offer ofinformation in a source culture and SL. 3. A TT does not initiate an offer ofinformation in a clearly reversible way. 4. A TT must be internally coherent.5. A TT must be coherent with the ST.6. The five rules above stand inhierarchical order, with the skopos rule predominating. (In it, theCoherence rule states that the TT must be interpretable as coherent withthe TT receiver‟s situation. In other words, the TT must be translated insuch a way that it is coherent for the TT receivers, given theircircumstances and knowledge. The Fidelity rule merely states that theremust be coherence between the translatum and the ST or, morespecifically, between: the ST information received by the translator, theinterpretation the translator makes of this information, the informationthat is encoded for the TT receivers.) An important advantage of skopostheory is that it allows the possibility of the same text being translated indifferent ways according to the purpose of the TT and the commissionwhich is given to the translator.5.Three major cases when translated literature occupies theprimary position in the literary system proposed by Even-ZoharEven-Zohar gives three major cases when translated literature occupies the primary position:(1) When a …young‟ literature is being established and looks initially to …older‟ literatures for ready-made models;(2) When a literature is …peripheral‟ or …weak‟ and imports those literary types which it is lacking. This can happen when a smaller nation is dominated by the culture of a larger one. Even-Zohar sees that …all sorts of peripheral literature may in such cases consist of translated literature‟. This happens at various levels. For instance, in modern Spain regions such as Galicia import many translations from the dominant Castilian Spanish, while Spain itself imports canonized and non-canonized literature from the English-speaking world;(3) When there is a critical turning point in literary history at which established models are no longer considered sufficient, or when there is a vacuum in the literature of the country. Where no type holds sway, it is easier for foreign models to assume primacy.6.Nord’s notion of “Function+ Loyalty” p84Nord establishes a(1)The intended function of the translation should bedecided( documentary or instrumental).(2)Those functional elements that will need to be adapted to the TTaddressees‟situation have to be determined (after analysis of the translation commission as in 1 above).(3)The translation type decides the translation style (source-culture ortarget-culture oriented).(4)The problems of the text can then be tackled at a lower linguisticlevel( as in the ST analysis in 2 above).In many ways, this synthesized approach brings together strengths of the various functional and action theories:●The translation commission analysis follows up Holz‟s work on the playerswithin the translatorial action.●The intended text functions pursue Reiss and Vermeer‟s skopos, butwithout giving overall dominance to the skopos.● The ST analysis, influenced by Reiss‟s work, gives due attention to thecommunicative function and genre features of the ST type and language, but without the rigidity of other taxonoimies.Secondly, according to the prevailing concept of translation, readers might expect that the TT gives exactly the author‟s opinion. It is the translator‟s moral responsibility to be loyal both to the ST author and readers. Loyaltyexists in the interpersonal relationship between the translator, the ST authorand TT addressees and always refer to the attitude of the translator during the process of translating.7.Tour’s classification of norms:Toury sees different kinds of norms operating at different stages of the translation process: initial norm, preliminary norms and operational norms.Initial norm refers to a general choice made by translators. Thus, translators can subject themselves to the norms realized in the ST or to the norms of the target culture or language. If it is towards the ST, then the TT will be adequate; if the target culture norms prevail, then the TT will be acceptable. The poles of adequacy and acceptability are on a continuum since no translation is ever totally adequate or totally acceptable. Shifts – obligatory and non-obligatory – are inevitable,norm-governed and …a true universal of translation‟ Preliminary norms contain translation policy and directness of translation, with the former referring to the factors determining the selection texts for translation in a specific language, culture or time and the latter relating to whether translation occurs through an intermediate language. Operational norms describe the presentation and linguistic matter of the TT. They include metrical norms and textual-linguistic norms, with the former relating to the completeness of the TT and the latter governing the selection of TT linguistic material: lexical items, phrases and stylistic features.8.Chesterman’s translation norms:Toury‟s concept of norms is focused mainly on their function as a descriptive category to identify translation patterns. Chesterman states that all norms …exert a prescriptive pressure‟. Chesterman himself proposes another set of norms, covering the area of Toury‟s initial and operational norms. They are product or expectancy norms and process or professional norms. Product or expectancy norms …are established by the expectations of readers of a translation (of a given type) concerning what a translation (of this type) should be like‟. Factors governing these norms include the predominant translation tradition in the target culture, the discourse conventions of the similar TL genre, and economic and ideological considerations. Professional norms …regulate the translation process itself‟.They are subordinate to and determined by expectancy norms.Chesterman proposes three kinds of professional norm: the accountability norm (an ethical norm), the communication norm (a social norm), the “relation” norm (a linguistic norm).9.Constraints on translation within and outside the literary systemby Lefevere :Lefevere describes the literary system in which translation functions as being controlled by three main factors, which are: (1) professionals within the literary system, (2) patronage outside the literary system and (3) the dominant poetics.(1)Professionals within the literary system: These include critics andreviewers (whose comments affect the reception of a work), teachers (who often decide whether a book is studied or not) and translators themselves, who decide on the poetics and at times the ideology of the translated text.(2) Patronage outside the literary system: These are …the powers (persons, institutions) that can further or hinder the reading, writing, and rewriting of literature‟.Lefevere identifies three elements to this patronage: the ideological component; the economic component; the status component. For Lefevere, the most important consideration is the ideological one, which in this case refers to the translator‟s ideology, or the ideology imposed upon the translator by patronage.(3)The poetological consideration refers to the dominant poetics in the TL culture. Together these dictate the translation strategy and the solution to specific problems.10.Feminist translation theory :(The representatives are Luise Von Flotow and Sherry Simon. The goal of feminis t translation viewed as “rewriting in the feminine”, is to make women visible in la nguage and to reveal increasing gender awareness The core for the feminists tra nslation theory is that the feminist theorists see parallel between the status of tra nslation, which is often considered to be derivative and inferior to original writing ,and that of women. Feminists seek to identify and criticize the tangle of concept s which relegates both women and translation to the bottom of the social and lite rary ladder.)The feminist theorists see a parallel between the status of translation, which is often considered to be derivative and inferior to original writing, and that of women, so often repressed in society and literature. This is the core of feminist translation theory, which seeks to …identify and critique the tangle of concepts which relegates both women and translation to the bottom of the social and literary ladder‟. One strategy discussed by Simon is the treatment of linguistic markers of gender. Examples quoted from de Lotbinière-Harwood‟s translations include using a bold …e‟ in the word one to emphasize the feminine, capitalization of M in HuMan Rights to show the implicit sexism, the neologism auther (as opposed to author ) to translate the French auteure , and the female personification of nounssuch as aube ( dawn ) with the English pronoun she. Spivak suggests that feminists from the hegemonic countries should show real solidarity with women in postcolonial contexts by learning the language in which thosewomen speak and write.11.Postcolonial translation theory:Postcolonialism is generally used to cover studies of the history of the former colonies, studies of powerful European empires, resistance to the colonialist powers and, more broadly, studies of the effect of the imbalance of power relations, between colonized and colonizer.Postcolonialism has over the past decade focused on issues of translation, the transnational and colonization.// Specifically, the linking of colonization and translation is accompanied by the argument that translation has played an active role in the colonization process and in disseminating an ideologically motivated image of colonized peoples. The central intersection of translation studies and postcolonial theory is that of power relations. Niranjana‟s focus in on the way translation into English has generally been used by the colonial power to construct a rewritten image of the “East that has then come to stand for the truth. Niranjana sees all these groups as “participating” in the enormous project of collection and codification on which colonial power was base. She specifically attacks translation‟s role within this power structure: translation as a practice shapes, and takes shape within, the asymmetrical relations of power that operate under colonialism. Furthermore, she goes on to criticize translation studies itself for its largely western orientation and for three main failings that she sees resulting from this: (1)that translation studies has until recently not considered the question of power imbalance between different languages(2)that the concepts underlying much of western translation theory areflawed. (3)that the humanistic enterprise of translation needs to be questioned, since translation in the colonial context builds a conceptual image of colonial domination into the discourse of western philosophy.12.Steiner’s hermeneutic motio n, the four moves of translation : Steiner‟s description of the hermeneutics of translation, …the act of elicitation and appropriative transfer of meaning‟, is based on a conception of translation not as a scienc e but as …an exact art‟, with precisions that are …intense but unsystematic‟. The hermeneutic motion which forms the core of Steiner‟s description consists of four parts: (1) initiative trust; (2) aggression (or penetration); (3) incorporation (or embodiment); and (4) compensation (or restitution). The main points of each are as follows:(1)Initiative trust: The translator‟s first move is …an investment of belief‟, abelief and trust that there is something there in the ST that can beunderstood.(2)Aggression: S teiner describes the aggression involved as “penetration”.He uses the metaphor of an open-cast mine for the translator‟s seizure of the ST and extraction of meaning: …The translator invades, extracts, and brings home.(3)Incorporation: It refers to the ST meaning, extracted by the translator inthe second movement, being brought into the TL, which is already full of its own words and meanings.(4)Compensation:It is “the crux of the métier and morals of translation”.Steiner describes the aggressive appropriation and incorporation of the meaning of the ST which …leaves the original with a dialectically enigmatic residue‟. Dialectic because, although there has been a loss for the ST, the …residue‟ is positive.C.原文译文分析:字数要求不低于 250 词,题目为一段节选的原文和译文,原文长度 100-150 词,附背景和上下文介绍。
广外MTI
广外MTI英语翻译:一,短语翻译,考试的时候lz能那的准的就一半吧15个英译汉1,UN Security Council 联合国安理会2,OPEC 石油输出国组织3,CPI 消费者价格指数4,International Herald Tribute国际先驱论坛报5,CFO 首席财务官6,Assosiate Press 联合通讯社7,Common Law system 英美法系8,FIBA国际篮球联合会9,Appeal Court 上诉法院10.Phrase Translation 短语翻译?不确定哈11,Liaision interpretation 陪同口译12,For Whom the Bell Tolls 丧钟为谁而鸣13,capital venture 风险投资汉译英1,海关总署General Administration of Customs2,司法部Ministry of Justice3,中国红十字会Red Cross Society of China4,中国译协TAC5,大运会Universiade6,海基会即海峡交流基金会SEF:Straits Exchange Fundation7,经济适用房houses for low-income families8,国际惯例international practice9,民事诉讼civil action/civil proceedings/ civil procedure10,易经the Book of Changes11,儒林外史the scholars12,中美联合公报Sino-USA Joint Communique只记得这么多了大家见谅啊~短文翻译:总共四段,不长,感觉也不难,整个下来记得只有一个词不认识两篇英译中,1,是一篇法律翻译,讲雇佣的,这篇是四个里面最难得了,可能是lz平时没有接触过这方面的,记得第一句话就不好翻,有三四行那么长!2,讲荷兰的,算旅游翻译吧,不难。
2010年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士MTI考研辅导班真题答案详解
2010年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士MTI考研辅导班真题答案详解各位考研的同学们,大家好!我是才思的一名学员,现在已经顺利的考上研究生,今天和大家分享一下这个专业的真题,方便大家准备考研,希望给大家一定的帮助。
第3卷:百科写作一、名词解释(50分)01. 据香港《文汇报》报道,在第61届的法兰克福书展中,Google表示有意透过Google Books计划,将数以百万计的书籍电子化,供读者在网上阅读。
书展中的另一热话,即Google的另一计划——Google Editions,希望通过完善的网络连结设定令读者随时随地能以手提电话或电子书进行阅读,以挑战亚马逊刚于上周推出的Kindle电子书。
正当Google的计划如箭在弦,欧盟却提出在Google现存近100万本的典藏中,有近90万本仍受版权法所保护,亦即是说,Google Books 及Google Editions两大计划必与欧盟法律龃龉。
02. 今年以来全世界主要资本市场IPO的规模,中国的融资额是900亿元,全球所有的融资额加起来是3000亿元,中国当仁不让地成为世界最大的IPO市场,第二名是香港,第三名是美国,美国IPO的总额是纽约交易所和纳斯达克,因此我们远远领先于其他成熟的市场。
分析市场和创业板的时候,关键要看是否可以适应社会和经济发展的需求,换句话说,是否有足够的上市资源。
03. 中国传统文化是一种理性的文化,越是科学发达、人们的文化水准提高、认识能力增强的情况下,越是有利于中国传统文化的传播。
在人们没有文化愚昧的情况下,中国传统文化是不易推广与传播的,因为它不具备传播这种文化的软件与硬件。
在中国历史上,无论什么时候,哪一个封建王朝都没有真正彻底地贯彻中国传统文化,所以,中国的传统文化从来都没有像《圣经》文化和《古兰经》文化那样,左右一个国家的政治经济的命运。
现在最有利于中国传统文化的彻底贯彻,而这种贯彻是民主的、自由的,人们自觉自愿地接受的,不愿接受马上就可以反对,而不像欧洲中世纪历史上的《圣经》文化。
广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题
广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题广东外语外贸大学(原题)翻译硕士英语Part I.Vocabulary and Grammar(30points,1point for each)Directions:After each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.Although she gives badly_______titles to her musical compositions,they_______ unusual combinations of materials including classical music patterns and rhythms, electronic sounds,and bird songs.A.conventional…incorporateB.eccentric…deployC.traditional…excludeD.imaginative…disguise2.Even though the folktales Perroult collected and retold were not solely Frenchin origin,his versions of them were so decidedly French in style that lateranthologies of French folktales have never_______them.A.excludedB.admiredC.collectedprehended3.In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent,her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been_________.A.exaggeratedB.ignoredC.scrutinizedD.derided4.There seems to be no________the reading public’s thirst for books about the 1960’s:indeed,the normal level of interest has______recently because of a spate of popular television documentaries.A.quenching…moderatedB.whetting…mushroomedC.slaking…increasedD.ignoring…transformed5.Despite a tendency to be overtly_______,the poetry of the Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and provides lively entertainment,as well as pious sentiments.A.divertingB.emotionalC.didacticD.romantic6.One of the first______of reduced burning in Amazon rain forests was the chestnut industry:smoke tends to drive out the insect that,by pollinating chestnut tree, allow chestnuts to develop.A.reformersB.discoveriesC.casualtiesD.beneficiaries7.The research committee urged the archaeologist to_______her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great,since her initial report has been based only on______.A.disseminate…suppositionB.withdraw…evidenceC.undercut…capriceD.document…conjecture8.Although Heron is well known for the broad comedy in the movies she has directed previously,her new film is less inclined to__________:the gags are fewer and subtler.A.understatementB.preciosityC.symbolismD.melodrama9.Bebop’s legacy is______one:bebop may have won jazz the right to be taken seriously as an art form,but it_______jazz’s mass audience,which turned to other forms of music such as rock and pop.A.a mixed……alienatedB.a troubled……seducedC.an ambiguous……aggrandizedD.a valuable……refined10.The exhibition’s importance lies in its___________:curators have gathered a diverse array of significant works from many different museums.A.homogeneityB.sophistryC.scopeD.farsightedness11.Despite the fact that the commission’s report treats a vitally important topic, the report will be______read because its prose is so_________that understanding it requires an enormous effort.A.seldom…….transparentB.carefully……..pellucidC.little……….turgidD.eagerly……..digressive12.Carleton would still rank among the great________of nineteenth century American art even if the circumstance of her life and career were less_____than they are.A.celebrities……….obscureB.failures……..illustriousC.charlatans……impeccableD.enigmas……mysterious13.Although based on an actual event,the film lacks______________:the director shuffles events,simplifies the tangle of relationships,and _____________documentary truth for dramatic power.A.conviction……..embracesB.expressiveness…..exaggeratesC.verisimilitude…….sacrificesD.realism……….substitutes14.When Adolph Ochs became the publisher of The New York Times,he endowed the paper with a uniquely_________tone,avoiding the________editorials that characterized other major papers of the time.A.abstruse….scholarlyB.dispassionate…shrillC.argumentative…tendentiousD.cosmopolitan…timely15.There are as good fish in the sea_____ever came out of it.A.thanB.likeC.asD.so16.All the President’s Men______one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A.remainB.remainsC.remainedD.is remaining17.“You______borrow my notes provided you take care of them”,I told my friend.A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can18.If only the patient______a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A.had receivedB.receivedC.should receiveD.were receiving19.Linda was_____the experiment a month ago,but she changed her mind at the last minute.A.to startB.to have startedC.to be startingD.to have been starting20.She_____fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A.must beB.had beenC.could beD.must have been21.It is not______much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.A.thatB.asC.soD.very22.The committee has anticipated the problems that________in the road construction project.A.ariseB.will ariseC.aroseD.have arisen23.The student said there were a few points in the essay he_______impossible to comprehend.A.had foundB.findsC.has foundD.would find24.He would have finished his college education,but he_______to quit and finda job to support his family.A.had hadB.hasC.hadD.would have25.The research requires more money than________.A.have been put inB.has been put inC.being put inD.to be put in26.Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race.Yet it is probably ________a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A.no moreB.not moreC.even moreD.much more27.It is not uncommon for there_______problems of communication between the old and the young.A.beingB.would beC.beD.to be28.________at in his way,the situation does not seem so desperate.A.LookingB.LookedC.Being lookedD.To look29.It is absolutely essential that William______his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A.will continueB.continuedC.continueD.continues30.The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a_____forgery.A.man-madeB.naturalC.crudeD.realPart II.Reading Comprehension(40points)Section1Multiple choice questions(20points,2points for each)Directions:In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage1On New Year’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not some mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions.It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drought,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in thewest,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately:the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region,and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstrated time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth$800million per year.In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’herds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goes to the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine,when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production.It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models;and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching. What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive(the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that has helped avert livestock deaths. This is all promising,but more needs to be done.Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle.They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding.Ultimately, sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade, so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products:there will likely be an additional2billion consumers worldwide by2020,the vast majority in developing countries.To ensure that pastoralists benefit,it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies.Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women,who play critical roles in livestock production.The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists.Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to more resentment,conflict, environmental degradation and malnutrition.It is in the rich world’s intereststo help out.31.Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?(A)Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.(B)The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.(C)The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.(D)Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.32.The word“encapsulates”in the sentence“Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”(para.l)can be replaced by________.(A)concludes.(B)involves.(C)represents.(D)aggravates.33.What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and traditional lifestyle of pastoralism?(A)Neutral and indifferent.(B)Sympathetic and understanding.(C)Critical and vehement.(D)Subjective and fatalistic.34.When the author writes“the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonialpredecessors.”(para.4),he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not__________.(A)have an objective view of the situation in Africa(B)understand the unpredictable weather systems there(C)feel themselves superior in decision making(D)care about the development of the local people35.The author’s main purpose in writing this article is_________.(A)to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralists(B)to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in Africa(C)to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralism(D)to criticize the colonial thinking of western aid agenciesPassage2Civil-Liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavior.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice(DOJ)has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods. What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal,the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore.In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search termsfrom the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often“material that is harmful to minors”might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.“We intend to resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them.(The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July2005; the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.“We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching.“What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?”Says the DOJ’s Miller,“I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use the personal informationof consenting customers to improve search performance.“Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney.“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”36.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act37.Google refused to turn over“its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ as it believes that________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s business secret38.The phrase“scaled back to”in the sentence“the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to39.In the sentence“One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression“sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case40.When Kurt Opsahl says that“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the expression“Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationSection2Answering questions(20points,4points for each)Directions:Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions following each e only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER SHEET.Passage3Millions of elderly Germans received a notice from the Health&Social Security Ministry earlier this month that struck a damaging blow to the welfare state.The statement informed them that their pensions were being cut.The reductions come as a stop-gap measure to control Germany’s ballooning pension crisis.Not surprisingly, it was an unwelcome change for senior citizens such as Sabine Wetzel,a67-year-old retired bank teller,who was told her state pension would be cut by$12.30,or1% to$1,156.20a month.“It was a real shock,”she says.“My pension had alwaysgone up in the past.”There’s more bad news on the way.On Mar.11,Germany’s lower house of Parliament passed a bill gradually cutting state pensions--which have been rising steadily since World War II--from53%of average wages now to46%by2020.And Germany is not ernments across Western Europe are racing to curb pension benefits. In Italy,the government plans to raise the minimum retirement age from57to60, while France will require that civil servants put in40years rather than37.5to qualify for a full pension.The reforms are coming despite tough opposition from unions,leftist politicians,and pensioners’groups.The explanation is simple:Europeans are living longer and having fewer children. By2030there will only be two workers per pensioner,compared with four in2000. With fewer young workers paying into the system,cuts are being made to cover a growing shortfall.The gap between money coming in and payments going out could top $10billion this year in Germany alone.“In the future,a state pension alone will no longer be enough to maintain the living standards employees had before they retired,”says German Health&Social Security Minister Ulla Schmidt.Says Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti:“The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”Of course,those population trends have been forecast for years.Some countries, such as Britain and the Netherlands,have responded by making individuals and their employers assume more of the responsibility for pensions.But many Continental governments dragged their feet.Now,the rapid runup in costs is finally forcing them to act.State-funded pension payments make up around12%of gross domestic product in Germany and France and15%in Italy——two percentage points more than 20years ago.Pensions account for an average21%of government spending across the European Union.The U.S.Social Security system,by contrast,consumes just4.8% of GDP.The rising cost is having serious repercussions on key European nations’commitments to fiscal restraint.“Governments have no choice but to make pensionreform a priority,”says Antonio Cabral,deputy director of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Economic&Financial Affairs.Just as worrisome is the toll being exacted on the private sector.Corporate contributions to state pension systems--which make up19.5%of total gross pay in Germany--add to Europe’s already bloated labor costs.That,in turn,blunts manufacturers’competitiveness and keeps unemployment rates high.According to the Institute of German Economics in Cologne,benefit costs reached a record41.7%of gross wages in Germany last year,compared with37.4%a decade before.French cement manufacturer Lafarge says pension cost of$121million contributed to a9%fall in operating profits last year.To cope,Germany and most of its EU partners are using tax breaks to encourage employees to put money into private pensions schemes.But even if private pensions become more popular,European governments will have to increase minimum retirement ages and reduce public pensions.While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits,the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’pension checks with envy.41.Paraphrase Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti’s statement“The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”(para.3)42.What is implied by the last sentence of the passage“While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits,the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’pension checks with envy.”?Passage4In the old days,it was all done with cakes.For Marcel Proust,it was a visit to Mother’s for tea and madeleines that provided the access to“the vast structure of recollection”that was to become his masterpiece on memory and nostalgia,“Remembrance of Past Things.”These days,it’s not necessary to evoke the past: you can’t move without tripping over it.In an age zooming forward technologically,why all the backward glances?The Oxford English Dictionary’s first definition of nostalgia reads:“acute longing for familiar surroundings;severe homesickness.”With the speed of computers doubling every18months,and the net doubling in size in about half that,no wonder we’re aching for familiar surroundings.Since the cornerstone of the Information Age is change,anything enduring becomes precious.“People are looking for something authentic,”says McLaren.Trouble is,nostalgia has succumbed to trends in marketing,demographics and technology.“Nostalgia ain’t what it used to be,”says Michael J.Wolf,senior partner at Booz-Allen&Hamilton in New York.“These are the new good old days.”Baby boomers form the core of the nostalgia market.The boomers,defined by American demographers as those born between1946and1964,are living long and prosperous lives.In both Europe and America,they remain the Holy Grail for admen,and their past has become everyone’s present.In a study on“entertainment imprinting,”two American marketing professors,Robert Schindler and Morris Holbrook,asked people ranging in age from16to86which popular music from the past they liked best.People’s favorite songs,they found,tended to be those that were popular when they were about24,with their affection for pop songs diminishing on either side of that age.Doubtless Microsoft knows about entertainment imprinting,or at least nostalgia.The company hawks its latest Explorer to the strains of Simon and Garfunkel’s“Homeward Bound,”just as it launched Windows98to the tune of “Start Me up”by the Rolling Stones.Boomers remember both tunes from their20s. If boomers are one market that values memories,exiles are another.According to the International Organization of Migration,more than150million people live today in a country other than the one where they were born—double the number that did so in1965.This mass movement has sources as dire as tyranny and as luxurious asthe freedoms of an EU passport.But exiles and refugees share one thing:homes left behind.Type in“nostalgia”on the search engine Google,and one of the first sites that pop up is the nostalgia page of The Iranian,an online site for Iran’s exiles, most of whom fled after1978’s Islamic revolution.Perhaps the savviest exploitation of nostalgia has been the secondhand-book site ,which features stories of clients’rediscovering long-lost books on it.One John Mason Mings writes of the glories of finding a book with information on“Kickapoo Joy Juice,”ad dreaded medicine of his youth.A Pennsylvanian waxes over alibris’s recovery of his first-grade primer”Down cherry Street.”The Net doesn’t merely facilitate nostalgia—it promotes it.Web-based auction houses have helped jump-start markets for vintage items,form marbles to Apple Macintoshes.Cutting-edge technology,designed to be transient,has even bred its own st year a$666Apple I went for$18,000to a British collector at a San Francisco auction.“Historic!Microsoft Multiplan for Macintosh”crows one item on eBay’s vintage Apple section.Surf to The Net Nostalgia Quiz to puzzle over questions like“In the old days,Altavista used to have which one of these URLs?”Those who don’t remember their history are condemned to repeat it.Or so entertainment moguls hope,as they market‘70s TV hits like“Charlie’s Angels”and“Scooby Doo,”out next year,to a generation that can’t remember them the first time round.If you’ve missed a Puff Daddy track or a“Sopranos”episode, panic not.The megahits of today are destined to be the golden oldies of2020,says Christopher Nurko of the branding consultant FutureBrand.“I guarantee you, Madonna’s music will be used to sell everything,”he says.“God help me,I hope it’s not selling insurance.”It could be.When we traffic in the past,nothing’s sacred.43.Explain the beginning sentence“In the old days,it was all done with cakes.”44.What is the other big group besides baby boomers which values memories?What do these people share?45.What is“nostalgia market”?What do they sell in the nostalgia market? Part III.Writing(30points)46.Please reflect on the following opinion and write an essay of about400words elaborating your view with a well-defined title.Some people believe the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that educations is there,instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students,to improve the students in an all-round way,and especially to guide them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itself and social responsibility.An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of“memorizing machines”.We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life.英语翻译基础Part I.Phrase Translation(30points,1point for each)Section1Directions:Translate the following phrases into Chinese:。
对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士MTI考研参考书、历年考研真题
2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研招生目录,考研参考书,历年真题笔记贸大英语翻译基础书目推荐1、庄绎传,《英汉翻译简明教程》。
北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002。
2、叶子南,《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。
北京:清华大学出版社,2001。
3、中国日报(China Daily):英语点睛:新词新译4、王恩冕,《大学英汉翻译教程》,对外经济贸易大学出版社,第三版,2010。
5、金融时报官方网站:双语时评。
6、网站:/7、外贸、金融、经济学、世贸组织等英语专业术语。
8、张曦,《口语与口译300题》,上海交通大学出版社。
9、金焕荣,《商务英语翻译》,苏州大学出版社。
10、赵军锋,《商务英语口译》,高等教育出版社,2009.11、2015年度国家领导人出席的国际会议:演讲稿中英对照。
12、三笔、二笔相应题材的文章。
百科知识和汉语写作书目推荐1、卢晓江.《自然科学史十二讲》.中国轻工业出版社(2007)(矿大)2、叶朗.《中国文化读本》.北京:外语教学与研究出版社(2008)3、杨月蓉.《实用汉语语法与修辞》.重庆:西南师范大学出版社(1999)(北大)4、金元浦.《中国文化概论》.北京:中国人民大学出版社(2007)5、庄锡昌.《西方文化史》.北京:高等教育出版社(2011)6、林青松.《中国文学与中国文化知识应试指南》.南京:东南大学出版社(2005)7、张元忠.张东风.《经济应用文写作与评析》.武汉:华中科技大学出版社(2008)9、俞纪东.《经济写作》.上海:上海财经大学出版社10、张文.《外贸文秘写作全书》.中华工商联合出版社11、郑孝敏.《商务应用文》.东北财经大学出版社12、柯琳娟.《公司(企业)常用文书写作格式与范本》.企业管理出版社13、邵龙青.《财经应用写作》.东北财经大学出版社14、伟业管理咨询公司编著.《商务文书模板速查手册》.中国言实出版社(贸大)15、李玉珊.《商务文案写作》.高等教育出版社16、岳海翔.《商务文书写作要领与范文》.中国言实出版社17、岳海翔.《企划文书写作要领与范文》.中国言实出版社18、程裕祯.《中国文化要略》.外语教学与研究出版社19、朱维之,《外国文学史》(欧美卷),南开大学出版社。
2010-2013 广外MTI真题回忆整理打印版
广东外贸2010年MTI硕士入学考试第1卷:基础英语Part 1: Grammar and V ocabulary. (30 P)01. Although she gives badly ____ titles to her musical compositions, they ____ unusual combinations of materials including classical music patterns and rhythms, electronic sounds, and bird songs.A. conventional / incorporateB. eccentric / deployC. traditional / excludeD. imaginative / disguise02. Even though the folktales Perroult collected and retold were not solely French in origin, his versions of them were so decidedly French in style that later anthologies of French folktales have never ____ them.A. excludedB. admiredC. collectedD. comprehended03. In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent, her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been ____.A. exaggeratedB. ignoredC. scrutinizedD. derided04. There seems to be no ____ the reading public’s thirst for books about the 1960’s: indeed, the normal level of interest has ____ recently because of a spate of popular television documentaries.A. quenching / moderatedB. whetting / mushroomedC. slaking / increasedD. ignoring / transformed05. Despite a tendency to be overtly ____, the poetry of the Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and provides lively entertainment, as well as pious sentiments.A. divertingB. emotionalC. didacticD. romantic06. One of the first ____ of reduced burning in Amazon rain forests was the chestnut industry: smoke tends to drive out the insect that, by pollinating chestnut tree, allow chestnuts to develop.A. reformersB. discoveriesC. casualtiesD. beneficiaries07. The research committee urged the archaeologist to ____ her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great, since her initial report has been based only on ____.A. disseminate / suppositionB. withdraw / evidenceC. undercut / capriceD. document / conjecture08. Although Heron is well known for the broad comedy in the movies she has directed previously, her new film is less inclined to ____: the gags are fewer and subtler.A. understatementB. preciosityC. symbolismD. melodrama09. Bebop’s legacy is ____ one: bebop may have won jazz the right to be taken seriously as an art form, but it ____ jazz’s mass audience, which turned to other forms of music such as rock and pop.A. a mixed / alienatedB. a troubled / seducedC. an ambiguous / aggrandizedD. a valuable / refined10. The exhibition’s importance lies in its ____: curators have g athered a diverse array of significant works from many different museums.A. homogeneityB. sophistryC. scopeD. farsightedness11. Despite the fact that the commission’s report treats a vitally important topic, the report will be____ read because its prose is so ____ that understanding it requires an enormous effort.A. seldom / transparentB. carefully / pellucidC. little / turgidD. eagerly / digressive12. Carleton would still rank among the great ____ of nineteenth century American art even if the circumstance of her life and career were less ____ than they are.A. celebrities / obscureB. failures / illustriousC. charlatans / impeccableD. enigmas / mysterious13. Although based on an actual event, the film lacks ____: the director shuffles events, simplifies the tangle of relationships, and ____ documentary truth for dramatic power.A. conviction / embracesB. expressiveness / exaggeratesC. verisimilitude / sacrificesD. realism / substitutes14. When Adolph Ochs became the publisher of The New York Times, he endowed the paper witha uniquely ____ tone, avoiding the ____ editorials that characterized other major papers of the time.A. abstruse / scholarlyB. dispassionate / shrillC. argumentative / tendentiousD. cosmopolitan / timely15. There are as good fish in the sea ____ ever came out of it.A. thanB. likeC. asD. so16. All the President’s Men ____ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A. remainB. remainsC. remainedD. is remaining17. “You ____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them”, I told my friend.A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can18. If only the patient ____ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A. had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving19. Linda was ____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.A. to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting20. She ____ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must beB. had beenC. could beD. must have been21. It is not ____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. thatB. asC. soD. very22. The committee has anticipated the problems that ____ in the road construction project.A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. have arisen23. The student said there were a few points in the essay he ____ impossible to comprehend.A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find24. He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have25. The research requires more money than ____.A. have been put inB. has been put inC. being put inD. to be put in26. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably ____ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A. no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more27. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young.A. beingB. would beC. beD. to be28. ____ at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate.A. LookingB. LookedC. Being lookedD. To look29. It is absolutely essential that William ____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues30. The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a _____ forgery.A. man-madeB. naturalC. crudeD. realPart 2: Reading Comprehension. (40 P)Passage AOn New Year’s Day, 50,000 inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch. This was not some mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture: the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3. 5 million Kenyans who, because of a severe drought, are threatened with starvation. The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn. If you are reading this in the west, however, you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drought, you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists. There are 20 million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent. Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so? It comes down to the reluctance of governments, aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’ traditional way of life. Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists, even though it has been demonstrated time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments, and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore, African pastoralist systems are often more productive, in terms of protein and cash per hectare, than Australian, American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions. They make a substantial contribution to their countries’ national economies. In Kenya, for example, the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800 million per year. In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia, hides from pastoralists’ herds make up over 10 per cent of export earnings. Despite this productivity, pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits. One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goes to the herders themselves; thelion’s share is pocketed by traders. This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine, when they need the cash to buy food, and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour. Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the 1960s, investing millions o f dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work. Firstly, no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted. Secondly, rearing livestock took precedence over human progress. The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors. They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient, which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models; and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching. They cannot. Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle. Over the past few years, funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message. One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought, so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive(the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it). Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that has helped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising, but more needs to be done. Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle. They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding. Ultimately, sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade, so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products: there will likely be an additional 2 billion consumers worldwide by 2020, the vast majority in developing countries. To ensure that pastoralists benefit, it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies. Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women, who play critical roles in livestock production. The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists. Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to more resentment, conflict, environmental degradation and malnutrition. It is in the rich world’s interests to help out.01. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A. Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.B. The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.C. The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.D. Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.02. The word “encapsulates”in the sentence “Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”(para. l)can be replaced by ____.A. concludes.B. involves.C. represents.D. aggravates.03. What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and traditional lifestyle of pastoralism?A. Neutral and indifferent.B. Sympathetic and understanding.C. Critical and vehement.D. Subjective and fatalistic.04. When the author writes “the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.”(para. 4), he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not ____.A. have an objective view of the situation in AfricaB. understand the unpredictable weather systems thereC. feel themselves superior in decision makingD. care about the development of the local people05. The author’s main purpose in writing this article is ____.A. to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralistsB. to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in AfricaC. to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralismD. to criticize the colonial thinking of western aid agenciesPassage BCivil-Liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As part of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice(DOJ)has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security, but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography. In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act(COPA), but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms to do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers, in an attempt to quantify how often “material that is harmful to minors” might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test. “We intend to resist their motion vigorously,” said Google attorney Nicole Wong. DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. (The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched. )Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July 2005; the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth ofsearch queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case. If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. “We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test, it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. “What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?” Says the DOJ’s Miller, “I’m assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the proper autho rities.” Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the company hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. “Search is a window into people’s personalities,” says Kurt Opsahl, an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney. “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without w orrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”01. When the American government asked Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’ search behavior, the major intention is ____.A. to protect national securityB. to help protect personal freedomC. to monitor Internet pornographyD. to implement the Child Online Protection Act02. Google refused to turn over “its proprietary information”(para. 2)required by DOJ as it believes that ____.A. it is not involved in the court caseB. users’ privacy is most importantC. the government has violated the First AmendmentD. search terms is the company’s business secret03. The phrase “scaled back to”in the sentence “the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para. 3)can be replaced by ____.A. maximized toB. minimized toC. returned toD. reduced to04. In the sentence “One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para. 4), the expression “sink its own case”most probably means that ____.A. counterattack the oppositionB. lead to blocking of porn sitesC. provide evidence to disprove the caseD. give full ground to support the case05. When Kurt Opsahl says that “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para. 5), the expression “Big Brother”is used to refer to ____.A. a friend or relative showing much concernB. a colleague who is much more experiencedC. a dominating and all-powerful ruling powerD. a benevolent and democratic organizationPart 3: Answering Questions. (20 P)Passage AMillions of elderly Germans received a notice from the Health & Social Security Ministry earlier this month that struck a damaging blow to the welfare state. The statement informed them that their pensions were being cut. The reductions come as a stop-gap measure to control Germany’s ballooning pension crisis. Not surprisingly, it was an unwelcome change for senior citizens such as Sabine Wetzel, a 67-year-old retired bank teller, who was told her state pension would be cut by $12. 30, or 1% to $1,156. 20 a month. “It was a real shock,” she says. “My pension had always gone up in the past.”There’s more bad news on the way. On Mar. 11, Germany’s lower house of Parliament passed a bill gradually cutting state pensions—which have been rising steadily since World War II—from 53% of average wages now to 46% by 2020. And Germany is not alone. Governments across Western Europe are racing to curb pension benefits. In Italy, the government plans to raise the minimum retirement age from 57 to 60, while France will require that civil servants put in 40 years rather than 37. 5 to qualify for a full pension. The reforms are coming despite tough opposition from unions, leftist politicians, and pensioners’ groups.The explanation is simple: Europeans are living longer and having fewer children. By 2030 there will only be two workers per pensioner, compared with four in 2000. With fewer young workers paying into the system, cuts are being made to cover a growing shortfall. The gap between money coming in and payments going out could top $10 billion this year in Ger many alone. “In the future, a state pension alone will no longer be enough to maintain the living standards employees had before they retired,” says German Health & Social Security Minister Ulla Schmidt. Says Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti: “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”Of course, those population trends have been forecast for years. Some countries, such as Britain and the Netherlands, have responded by making individuals and their employers assume more of the responsibility for pensions. But many Continental governments dragged their feet. Now, the rapid runup in costs is finally forcing them to act. State-funded pension payments make up around 12% of gross domestic product in Germany and France and 15% in Italy—two percentage points more than 20 years ago. Pensions account for an average 21% of government spending across the European Union. The U. S. Social Security system, by contrast, consumes just 4.8% of GDP. Therising cost is having serious repercussio ns on key European nations’ commitments to fiscal restraint. “Governments have no choice but to make pension reform a priority,” says Antonio Cabral, deputy director of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Economic & Financial Affairs.Just as worrisome is the toll being exacted on the private sector, corporate contributions to state pension systems—which make up 19. 5% of total gross pay in Germany—add to Europe’s already bloated labor costs. That, in turn, blunts manufacturers’ competitivene ss and keeps unemployment rates high. According to the Institute of German Economics in Cologne, benefit costs reached a record 41. 7% of gross wages in Germany last year, compared with 37.4% a decade before. French cement manufacturer Lafarge says pension cost of $121 million contributed to a 9% fall in operating profits last year.To cope, Germany and most of its EU partners are using tax breaks to encourage employees to put money into private pension schemes. But even if private pensions become more popular, European governments will have to increase minimum retirement ages and reduce public pensions. While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’ pension checks with envy.QuestionsParaphrase Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti’s statement “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves”? What is implied by the last sentence of the passage “While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the next gene ration of retirees may look back on their parents’ pension checks with envy”?Passage BIn the old days, it was all done with cakes. For Marcel Proust, it was a visit to Mother’s for tea and madeleines that provided the access to “the vast structure of recollection” that was to become his masterpiece on memory and nostalgia, “Remembrance of Past Things.” These days, it’s not necessary to evoke the past: you can’t move without tripping over it.In an age zooming forward technologically, why are all the backward glances? The Oxford English Dictionary’s first definition of nostalgia reads: “acute longing for familiar surroundings; severe homesickness.” With the speed of computers doubling every 18 months, and the net doubling in size in about half that, no w onder we’re aching for familiar surroundings. Since the cornerstone of the Information Age is change, anything enduring becomes precious. “People are looking for something authentic,” says McLaren. Trouble is, nostalgia has succumbed to trends in marketing, demographics and technology. “Nostalgia ain’t what it used to be,” says Michael J. Wolf, senior partner at Booz-Allen & Hamilton in New York. “These are the new good old days.” Baby boomers form the core of the nostalgia market. The boomers, defined by American demographers as those born between 1946 and 1964, are living long and prosperous lives. In both Europe and America, they remain the Holy Grail for admen, and their past has become everyone’s present. In a study on “entertainment imprinting,” two A merican marketing professors, Robert Schindler and Morris Holbrook, asked people ranging in age from 16 to 86 which popular music from the past they liked best. People’s favorite songs, they found, tended to be those that were popular when they were about 24, with their affection for pop songs diminishing on either side of that age. Doubtless Microsoft knows about entertainment imprinting, or at least nostalgia. Thecompany hawks its latest Explorer to the strains of Simon and Garfunkel’s “Homeward Bound,” just as it launched Windows 98 to the tune of “Start Me up” by the Rolling Stones. Boomers remember both tunes from their 20s.If boomers are one market that values memories, exiles are another. According to the International Organization of Migration, more than 150 million people live today in a country other than the one where they were born—double the number that did so in 1965. This mass movement has sources as dire as tyranny and as luxurious as the freedoms of an EU passport. But exiles and refugees share one thing: homes left behind. Type in “nostalgia” on the search engine Google, and one of the first sites that pop up is the nostalgia page of The Iranian, an online site for Iran’s exiles, most of whom fled after 1978’s Islamic revolution. Perhaps t he savviest exploitation of nostalgia has been the secondhand-book site alibris. com, which features stories of clients’ rediscovering long-lost books on it. One John Mason Mings writes of the glories of finding a book with information on “Kickapoo Joy Juice,” ad dreaded medicine of his youth. A Pennsylvanian waxes over alibris’s recovery of his first-grade primer” Down cherry Street.” The Net doesn’t merely facilitate nostalgia—it promotes it. Web-based auction houses have helped jump-start markets for vintage items, form marbles to Apple Macintoshes.Cutting-edge technology, designed to be transient, has even bred its own instanostalgia. Last year a $666 Apple I went for $18,000 to a British collector at a San Francisco auction. “Historic! Microsoft Multi plan for Macintosh” crows one item on eBay’s vintage Apple section. Surf to The Net Nostalgia Quiz to puzzle over questions like “In the old days, Altavista used to have which one of these URLs?”Those who don’t remember their history are condemned to rep eat it. Or so entertainment moguls hope, as they market “70s TV hits like “Charlie’s Angels” and “Scooby Doo,” out next year, to a generation that can’t remember them the first time round. If you’ve missed a Puff Daddy track or a “Sopranos” episode, panic not. The megahits of today are destined to be the golden oldies of 2020, says Christopher Nurko of the branding consultant FutureBrand. “I guarantee you, Madonna’s music will be used to sell everything,” he says. “God help me, I hope it’s not selling insurance.” It could be. When we traffic in the past, nothing’s sacred.QuestionsExplain the beginning sentence “In the old days, it was all done with cakes.” What is the other big group besides baby boomers which values memories? What do these people share? What is “nostalgia market”? What do they sell in the nostalgia market?Part 4: Writing. (30 P)Please reflect on the following opinion and write an essay of about 400 words elaborating your view with a well-defined title.Some people believe the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that educations is there, instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students, to improve the students in an all-round way, and especially to guide them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itself and social responsibility. An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of “memorizing machines”. We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life.。
广外MTI初试考研经验
广外MTI考研经验-初试篇1.政治政治这科是从开学后九月分才开始。
高中政治学得不错,也算有底子。
九月初买了肖秀荣系列——《精讲精练》和《1000题》那一套。
当时也是看着前辈们的经验贴中的时间安排再结合自身情况,确定下了自己的复习方法。
我最开始凭着高中的记忆做了一千题的前三个部分,即马原,毛概和近代史。
当然错误率是很高的,但这也是暴露点。
能在不复习的情况下做对了的那些题就证明都是你已经掌握得比较好的知识点,以前学过的知识已内化成自己的了,因此不用再花时间应对;而错题则是自己应该真正予以重视的。
肖秀荣这套书很人性化,答案独立编辑成册,不仅讲解详细而且还会对应上《精讲精练》上的相应的知识点,并且明码标注,页面,题号一目了然。
这样自己在错题上用红笔标记好,并对应到《精讲精练》上的知识点,就是之后看书时的重点了。
由于考研政治和高中政治还是有很大不同的,内容更丰富,知识点更细,新增了很多以前没学过的点,(如价值那一章中的剩余价值,超额剩余价值,绝对剩余价值,相对剩余价值,剩余价值率.....单是对这些概念的基本了解就足以搞得晕头转向。
)考查方式更灵活,也更贴近时事。
而广外初试是算总分,那么政治这科绝不可掉以轻心,复习得好可以使总分如虎添翼,反之则可能惨拉后腿。
在做前三章的1000题期间,我就一边也开始看《精讲精练》了,看政治一定得静下心来,切忌心浮气躁。
一本这么厚的书如果事先就觉得头疼,没有看下去的勇气,复习过程中效果肯定也不见得会有多好。
这本书我是从头至尾一页页得翻完了的,耗时整整两个多月。
看完已经到了11月,上面笔记的颜色也是五花八门。
虽然看得慢,但不要受外界影响。
比如听到其他研友说:“政治已经看了两遍了。
”就不要心慌,找准自己的节奏。
我没有买大纲红宝书,看完肖老系列的书就买了《风中劲草》,这本是必备的,我觉得一定得买,因为其中的很多标注的知识点都是历年必考常考的。
我这本书过了两遍,第一遍是看,标记重点,这阶段因为有了前两个月的基础,再看用时就会快很多,标记重难点,加深记忆即可。
大学翻译硕士MTI历年考研真题-2013广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题(回忆版)(1)
2013广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士MTI考研试题(回忆版)缩略语1、United Nations Development Program(UNDP)2、Eurobond Market3、The Guardian4、Reuters5、Christian Science Monitor6、zero-sum game7、savings portfolio8、CSR9、intentional homicide10、criminal jurisprudence11、bring an indictment12、global sourcing13、the first-mover advantage14、healthcare interpreting15、the Sound and the Fury16、民政部17、水利部18、对外贸易仲裁委员会19、国务院办公厅20、中华全国工商联21、广外高级翻译学院22、开场白23、企业并购24、农民工25、产学合作26、居安思危27、生产销售假冒伪劣产品罪28、公诉人29、《楚辞》30、字幕翻译名词解释1、国际贸易2、储蓄率3、经济结构4、出口导向5、货币政策6、创业板市场7、退市机制8、借壳9、垃圾股10、“寻租”行为11、西方中心论12、斯宾格勒13、汤因比14、玛雅人15、中央集权16、封建社会17、成文法典18、判例法19、主观能动性20、董仲舒中译英中国烹饪艺术世界中有一种食品,兼具牛肉、家禽和鱼类三种风味,它不仅价廉,而且营养,在代复一代的中国烹饪占有重要的一席。
它为中国帝王和农民所共享,如今又在西方国家中获得某种程度的人缘。
它就是凝乳状豆制品,俗称豆腐。
豆腐之为食品,可以有各种形状、各种硬度或稠度(consistency),制豆腐的副产品是豆浆,是全中国很普遍的饮料。
豆腐较硬的变种,称为豆腐干的,常常加上香料,供作点心。
豆腐经过发酵而成为另一种点心,通常使西方人掩鼻的,称为“臭豆腐”。
广外高翻学院专题口译训练材料
Full text of the remarks by Craig Barrett, Intel Corporate Chairman at Sun Yat-sen University Well, distinguished faculty, students, it is a pleasure to be on any university campus, but to be on the university site with so many students in such a large university is indeed a pleasure. today I wanted to briefly talk about the world as a whole and then come down and talk a little bit about China, and then a little bit about university and then a little bit about you as students and what you might expect going forward.If you look at the world as a whole I think there are two major changes that have taken place in last ten years and have influenced all of our futures. Err…The first is that practically every country in the world now is part of the world free economic system, part of the world free trade system as others say, easy interchange of goods and services between most countries. And this is a major change from where we were only a few years ago. Err…About half of the world’s population has joined the free economic system in the last ten years, China is included, India, Russia, Eastern Europe, some of Latin America. So there has been a major change in the world free economic structure, which means that if you are in any one country, you can deal with any other country, especially in goods and services and ideas which are knowledge based.// The other change that has taken place in the last ten years is associated with technology and the Internet. Today it’s very easy to communicate between any two spots on the earth. It is very inexpensive to do so, such as you can transfer knowledge, transfer information and communicate anywhere in the world today for almost nothing. And if you take these two major changes together, what it means is, eh there’s great op portunity in the world as well as great competition. And the competition is what drives us and the opportunity is what drives us. And so every country has to accommodate this change. Every country has to accommodate in its economy this new competition and this new opportunity. So if you look at what countries can do, eh, they can really only do three things for their citizens to make them more competitive going forward. One of the things they can do is the reason you are here at this university. They can provide you good education, and generally standard of living goes directly with education level, so the higher the education level within the country, the greater the opportunity for standard living, the greater the opportunity for economic competitiveness. So providing an education to the whole citizenry is very important.//The second thing that any country can do is in fact to invest in research and development. Research and development creates ideas for the future. And ideas create new products, new services, new companies. So we need to invest in research and development and just as the standard of living of any country is directly related to the education level of the workforce, refine the standard of living and the economic competitiveness of any country is usually related to its investment in research and development. And obviously China has recognized both of these characteristics with a great emphasis on education in the last decade. And the more recent emphasis on increasing and expanding the research and development.The third thing that any country can do is in fact to create an environment that allows smart people, well-educated people to come together with smart ideas, generated from research and development and create new products, new companies, new services, new economic growth. So the government, the central government of any country can focus on education, research and development in creating an environment to allow people to be successful and an environment that allows entrepreneurs to succeed. And increasingly we see this sort of entrepreneurial spirit here in China. My company happens to be the largest high-tech venture capital investor in the world. Andincreasingly we see more and more high tech venture capital investments made here in China. It used to be ten years ago those investment were predominantly made in the United States. Now only but 50% of those investments are made in the United States. About 50% are made here in Asia. So those are the three things that any country can do, education, research and development and setting the environment. //By the way, companies are not much different than countries. If you look at our company the three things that we focus on to be successful, our hiring the best and brightest in the world, well-educated people, investing a large amount of money in research and development to create the next generation of products, and then providing an environment for our researchers to be successful, to bring their ideas into the market place. So company like Intel or any major successful multinational company today does exactly the same sort of thing that central governments do, trying to promote their competitiveness.Now you might also then ask what should the individual do? If the world has changed and t he world is much smaller today than it used to be, if there’s much more competition for jobs, if countries are focusing on education, on research and development and on right environment or atmosphere, what should the individual do? And I have a few just comments for you as individuals going forward. Obviously the reason you are here is to get the best education that you possibly can achieve. And I always recommend to young students that you get the best education you can. That is the best foundation you can have. But once you do that, I think you should recognize that your education has a relatively short half-life. What you learn at the university may be out of date in a few years. So you have to convince yourself that you are going to continuously learn after you leave the university. And you have to continuously learn in your professional life as you go forward. So you never stop learning, you never have the opportunity to stop learning. You must continue the learning as you go forward. //I’ve a few othe r pieces of advice for you as well. One of them is even doing your education but perhaps more importantly as you start to work in your professional career, is never being afraid to ask the question why. If you’re going to solve problems, if you’re going to figure out how to be successful, how to create new things, you always have to ask the question why about five times. Quite often when you’re approaching a problem, the first explanation of the problem you will receive from other people is very shallow. It doesn’t get to the root cause or the fundamentals of the problem. And you can’t be afraid to ask why several times. And I tell all of our employees in Intel to always ask why, why, why. I also like to tell students when they are dealing with their profess ors to always ask their professors why as well. Don’t accept things directly, if you don’t understand them, don’t be afraid to ask why several times because that’s the only way you will totaly fully understand the problem.You also obviously need to under stand that the problems you will solve as you’re going to the outside world, outside of universities are generally very complex problems. They are not simple problems like you’re given a homework or assignments in class. For example, if you’re in an integrated circuit distance, such as we are in Intel, and you want to solve the problems associated with the next generation of technology, how you go from 65 nm to 45 nm to 30 nm to make these ever smaller transistors. There are usually two or three hundred variables involved in solving that problem. And it’s a very complex experimentation to solve that problem. And you have to get used to these very very complex problems as oppose to very simple problems that have a definitive answer. And when you do this obviously you need to collect a large amount of data,and make data based decisions. So getting used to complex problems and getting used to handling large amounts of data I think is very very critical as you go forward.//I might point out that having read a little bit about your university on the foundation principles for your university, if I understand them correctly.博学、审问、慎思、明辨、笃行That Sun Yat Sen in 1924 when he founded the university basically said to “study extensively”, I think that means to get the best education you possibly can.I have to put my glasses on to read the rest of this. Excuse me.But “inquire accurately”, this means to collect data and ask why several times. To “reflect carefully”, make decisions on complex problems, “discriminate clearly” or make clear decisions when you’re moving forward, and then to “practice earnestly”, practice earnestly might mean that you have to continue to educate yourself as you go forward.So I think the five basic foundations of this university described in 1924, some 80 years ago, line up precisely with what I am trying to tell you today, which is to get the best possible education that you can, to continue to study, continue to learn, to ask why about things that you don’t understand, to recognize that you have complex problems to solve, and that you need to spend an immense amount of data to achieve these results. //There’s one other issue that I would like to suggest which is very important to you going forward. That’s never to underestimate the value of a single idea. The single idea can have great value in the market place going forward. And I will use as a very simple example, the case of Microsoft, the largest software company in the world. And if you look at the challenges that Microsoft has had in th e last ten or twenty years, there’ve been three major challenges to Microsoft. And they have each come from a single idea, from essentially a single person in the university environment. These challenges to Microsoft have not come from large corporations like IBM and other corporations investing large amounts of money. They’ve come from single ideas in universities. You can go back to Netscape which was really an university experimentation on the browser to the Internet. You can go to Yahoo, which was an idea created at Stanford University basically on how to access, all of the companies were associated with the Internet or you can go to Google, that search engine, which in fact was a single idea also created to try to analyze all of the information on the Internet. And the three major challenges that Microsoft has had have all come from ideas in the university environment, not from other companies. So please never underestimate the value of an idea created in the university environment; it can have great practical and commercial significance.I do want to mention one other observation that I have made in my career at Intel. And that observation actually comes from a fortune cookie. As you know in California in Silicon Valley we have a large number of, of engineers from China, from other Asian countries and there are a lot of Chinese restaurants. And my favorite restaurant in Silicon Valley is called Cha Chu. And I was there about five years ago and after diner I opened my fortune cookie. And the fortune said very simply, the world will always accept talents with open arms. And talent is defined as people who can do things and people who know things. Talent is defined as people who have a good education. And the message in that fortune cookie is if you study at this university and you get the best education that you can, the world will accept you with open arms.So let me conclude my prepared remarks with that comment: get the best education you can, never be afraid to ask why, and always deal with data when you are trying to make complex decisions. Thank you and I’ll be happy to answer any questions that you might have.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
②大作文写作、現代人不敢攙扶摔倒的人,衛生部出了《攙扶老年人技術指南》,但都無濟於事。
翻译硕士英语
单选题都很简单,感觉和考察 口语的用法。
阅读理解客观题都很简单,原文有答案,主观题好多是paraphrase,主观性太大。有一篇将日本地震后的核泄漏危机
作文是讲young people are self-centred and unsymphathetic 你是否同意这一观点
(1)学校指定参考书/ 政治红宝书
(2)翻译类:张培基散文翻译集/散文佳作108篇/CATTI 二级笔译指定用书
(3)综合类:圣才考研MTI系列(共3本,涵盖3门考试各个学校的真题)
(4)搜集类:大家网上搜集的不同学校学硕历年的考研真题(包括北外,南开,南大,天津外国语等05年到10年的考研真题)
英语笔译 学科代码:055101 所属学院代码: 高级翻译学院 拟招生人数: 80
说明:招生人数以教育部最终下达招生人数为准,此处仅作参考,可能会有调整 学科简介
研究方向 导师 初试考试科目 复试考试科目 备注
01 商务翻译 平洪
李明
刘季春
欧阳利锋
褚东伟
广外相比而言,比较好考;招生人数也算是最多的:招生简章中,口译拟录取40人,笔译拟录取60人(今年实际录取人数,给招生办打电话得知,口译拟录取55人,包括11人保送;笔译可能是拟录取49人,包括5人保送);广外学费相对来说还可以:口译2 2000/年,笔译1 8000/年。(山师历年都有考上广外的学长/葛老师在广外读博士)
① 101 思想政治理论
② 211 翻译硕士英语
③ 357 英语翻译基础
④ 448 汉语写作与百科知识
① 991 翻译综合考试(笔译、口译)
② 992 面试
③ 719 基础口译(同等学力加试)
一、 关于择校/择专业
1. 个人喜好。你喜欢南方城市还是北方城市/喜欢综合性大学还是专业型外语院校/想报考学硕还是专硕
World heritage committee
Closed-circuit news network
Kyodo news service
Cost-consciousness
Subprime mortgage crisis
SWOT analysis
Liasion interpreting
3. 广外MTI翻译多半是考察经贸类,大会发言类,不太涉及到文学类;广外百科知识考察名词解释,不是选择题。
4. 广外校长仲伟合,华南口译第一人,也很令人膜拜
再次声明:本人不是为广外打广告,基础好,肯学的同学可以选择北外上外的,这两所比广外要好的~
二、 MTI 考试简介
共分四门科目:政治(全国统考)、翻译硕士英语、英语翻译基础、汉语写作与百科知识
开学后,每天练习英译汉,汉译英,同时做些基英题目。闲暇之余,看看报纸和应用文写作
十一之后正式开始看政治红宝书。第一遍粗略看,第二遍划下重点,着重复习重点章节,冲刺阶段看启航,20题,28题等等
考前一周模拟考试,用真题或是模拟题测试,规定时间内完成。
四、注意问题
2. 个人能力评估。你自己的英语水平如何,敢不敢报考一流的外语类院校,如北外,上外,广外
3.学校出题方向和特点。 不同学校的出题特点是怎样的,你能否应付的过来。如:百科知识与写作,有的学校出选择题,有的学校出名词解释;又如:翻译基础,有的学校侧重文学类,有的侧重经贸类
4. 学校政策不同。 有的学校中途会改变招生政策,如11年厦大MTI口笔译均招收应届生,12年厦大MTI笔译只招收应届生,口译不招收,故有些同学要重新择校;有的学校MTI有公费,有的学校纯自费;不同学校的学制不一样,有的两年,有的两年半,有的三年。
论坛上搜集的缩略词、短语翻译等资料
China Daily Global times
(5)写作类:《应用文写作》王雪菊主编/高考满分作文
三、复习过程(具体内容见之前日志)
暑假期间,在校本部学习,主攻翻译,以张培基,108篇为主
结合我自身的经历,我选择的广外,原因如下
1. 我喜欢南方的城市/喜欢外语类专业院校
2. 北外竞争太激烈;北外MTI需要考二外----------pass掉(本人自身水平不够,二外学的不咋样)
上外据说挺难考;学费很贵------------------------pass掉(历年考上外的人都不是很多,不晓得为啥)
翻硕英语(100分):30分单选,40分阅读(20分的主观题目,20分的客观题目),30分的写作
英语翻译基础(150分):30分短语及缩略词翻译,60分英译汉,60分汉译英
汉语写作与百科知识(150分):50分名词解释,40分应用文写作,60分大作文写作
三、初试备考
1、 所用书籍
两点最重要 :心态和效率
复习战线长,期间容易心里疲劳,产生放弃心理,被各种工作offer引诱,以至于不能坚持走完考研路。此时,可以给自己点时间稍微调整下,休息一两天,逛逛街,然后重新投入到战斗中。同学间互相鼓励也是必不可少的。
复习结果的好坏不在于拼时间长短,而在于提高学习效率。每天早上7点坐在自习室,晚上11点出自习室,中午睡在自习室的精神固然可贵,但最重要的还是要能学有所悟,学有所感。时间战可以在复习阶段的晚期施行。临考前要注意保持睡眠充足,精神状态良好。
Christian Science Monitor
A Tale of Two Cities
广交会
孙子兵法
史记
中国银监会
国家发改委
创业板
上合组织
亚运会
零关税待遇
中国译协
三农问题
2.翻译:汉译英是讲关于世界兰花大会的。英译汉是介绍the University of Maryland. 马里兰大学
百科知识
1.词语解释:
中国传统文化, 公车上书,洋务运动,文化断层
立法,中国法系,成文法典,法治,商鞅变法 腾ຫໍສະໝຸດ 换鸟,退二进三,工业园,双转移,
宏观调控,宏观经济数据,货币政策,CPI,软着陆
2.作文:①应用文写作、根據2008年九月二十日深圳龍崗區龍崗街道俱樂部發生火災死了幾十人,免職了很多人。向廣東省人民政府彙報信息:自擬題目、文體。
我被分在406面试。我前面的同学占用时间太长,以至于我左右边的同学都进去面试了,我还在门外紧张的等待着。进入办公室后,一男一女两个老师。女老师先让我签下名字,然后便坐下来开始面试。
先是retelling。偶只听懂了一个主题词homogeneous talent pool,另一个主题词木有听懂(词汇量不够。。),只知道是homogeneous的反义词,偶就造了个词--multigeneous。。。(正确的应该是heterogeneous)所以全篇就multi,homo的说着。。说完了以后,美女老师还很和蔼的说了句:a nice detailed retelling..(很无语,我明明漏了好多。。)随后是视译,英译汉是讲Procter & Gamble的,偶知识匮乏,不晓得这是神马意思,就直接说英文了。。。两个老师嗯了一个声,偶也没管,就自管自的说着,等翻译完了才知道悲剧了。。因为下面有key words 提示,那是宝洁公司的意思。。。(想死的心都有了)我就说了句:sorry, i didn't see the key words below...其中有个head & shoulder shampoo, 我直接翻译的洗发水,老师问是什么洗发水。我说飘柔?老师:no.飘柔是rejoice。宝洁公司生产什么洗发水? 我就卡在那里了。。。老师说是海飞丝,我这才oh了一声。然后就是汉译英了。也是讲关于广州经济的。前面还好,后面的部分之前没看完,偶就硬着头皮边看边翻译了,恰好遇到一个大数字,偶停了3秒才接着翻译了下去。。。心想,我又死了一次。。 下面就是回答问题。美女老师一直很好,说现在很多人觉得翻译很赚钱,问我对翻译有神马看法,然后又问我平常怎么学习翻译的,偶就blabla的瞎讲一通,然后换到男老师。(之前的宝洁公司还有万恶的洗发水问题都是他提出来的。。。)他问我对复述材料中讲到的challenge有什么看法。(偶以为retelling已经过去了,没想到他还要纠缠这个话题,话说我都没听出来复述中有讲到challenge。。悲剧了吧。。)然后说,now let's do interpreting work. 他就把复述的第一句读了一遍让我口译。我木有听懂啊,有木有!!!我说sorry,....他说:this is the first sentence in the retelling material.. 偶就吱吱唔唔应付了一下。。老师说:好吧,大体就这么个意思。。(我想,我已经死了3次了。。)后来,女老师点评:you have the potential to be an interpreter, but you should work hard, especially your vocabulary and interpreting skills....我木讷的点了点头,然后男老师问我,by the way, may i know where you are studying now? i replied "Shandong Normal University". 然后两个老师哦了一声就让我走了,出门以后发现外面已经等了2波同学了。。。考完以后,独自走下4层楼梯,感觉完了,什么都完了。。。真的很想哭。。。唯一令我安慰的是老师说了句:you have the potential。。因为面试之前老师说过,面试考察的不是你现在翻译的有多好,而是看你有没有潜力。。。就这样,给广外师姐打了个电话,师姐说,没事,最后报了下学校,应该不会减分,可能还会加分。。。就这样,不管好坏,一切的一切都结束了。。。