2018年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题回忆及分析
2018上外英语mti回忆版真题
上外考研2018翻译硕士英语真题（回忆版）一、阅读，回答问题（哲学类，3页5面，四个问题，40分）标题：Barney's caseStudy of philosophy knowledgeBarney’s case of the study of history of philosophy?（Barney's case for the history of philosophy）……（正文不明）问题：1.What are the reasons Barney cite for the study of history by three goroups of people?2.According to the passage, what are Martin Lin's interpretation about philosphers?3.How does the author comment on the men's innate thirst for kn owledge?4.Sum up how the author writes about Barney and Martin Li n’s discussion on philosophical progress二、Writing. 800words,60分Digital Humanities in the New Era上外考研2018英语翻译基础（真题）（回忆版）一、汉译英，翻译划线部分，70分对中国90后，00后深入骨髓的剖析现如今的家庭教育之难，难在什么地方？难在我们的教育有太多的悖论和问题需要面对。
各位父母，我先问你们一个问题，你了解现在的孩子吗？我在这个问题上很有发言权，因为近20年来，我大概接触了8000个家庭案例。
当今的孩子是怎么回事？当今的孩子是什么人？我们要从本质上来把握。
假如我们不能从本质上来把握，学校教育也好，家庭教育也好，都不会在点子上。
2018考研：翻译硕士考研英语真题与标准范文回顾
2018考研：翻译硕士考研英语真题与标准范文回顾问到翻译硕士在我国就业情况怎样？答案应当是：一片大好！翻译类毕业生进入外企或中外合资企业有得天独厚的优势，加之在就读期间经常接收西方思想，了解西方文化，翻译类毕业生能够在进入外资企业或中外合资企业后很快适应所在公司的文化并与在职员工和谐相处。
为此，凯程在此与考生们共享翻译硕士考研真题资料指点。
写英语作文主要把握的是它的主题，主意是否明了使文章得高分的关键，今年的考试没有大的变化，难度相对较小，图表类文章表达的主旨一目了然，下面是翻译硕士2014大小作文真题范文及解析看看吧。
首先，图表中单位是“百万”，同学们在对数字进行描述过程中要加上“million”，而且还要加“S”体现复数，比如800 millions.其次，图表数据变化中最明显特征一定要有所体现，比如本表最明显特征是城镇人口20年来持续保持上升态势，乡村人口缓慢下降，直至2012年城镇人口和乡村人口持平。
而对于次要变化特征简单一笔带过即可。
最后，想在最后一段对这一趋势进行预测的同学要注意，城市化的最终实现是要城市人口占总人口的绝大多数，在趋势预测时，不宜再写这一趋势会继续，而是做出合理预测，那就是有一天城镇人口一定会大幅超越乡村人口，最终实现城市化。
下边是2014考研英语二大作文参考范文，供广大考生参考。
The table above clearly and graphically reveals that there are some changes taking place in the number of population both in cities and villages. It is no difficulty to see that the population in the rural areas went up significantly from 300 million in 1990 to more than 650 million, almost paralleling that in cities. On the contrary, there was a gradual fall in the number of cities’population during the same periodMany factors that contribute to this phenomenon can be summarized as follows. To begin with, with the development of science and economy, the space of urbanization has been speed up dramatically in recent years, which undoubtedly is a critical factor of this situation. In addition, more and more young person flood into big cities to pursue their dreams and realize their careersuccess. It is just this kind of trend that accelerated this phenomenon. Last but not the least, our government’s effective measures and policies are playing a significant role in the realization of such a situation.Taking all these driving factors and analysis into consideration, we may safely come to the conclusion that this trend will sustain for a period of time and then the urban population will someday surpass the rural population in the forthcoming years.今年英语(一)的小作文的要求是让考生给本校的校长写一封信，内容是针对提高学生身体素质提供一些自己的建议。
2018考研：广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题回顾
2018考研：广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题回顾翻译硕士学位获得者通常具有较强的语言运用能力、熟练的翻译技能和宽广的知识面，能够胜任不同专业领域所需的高级翻译工作。
近些年翻译硕士考研报考依旧火爆，竞争激烈度很高。
为了给考生们指点迷津，凯程在此与考生们共享广外贸往年翻译硕士考研真题盘点。
MTI初试考试流程：星期六上午8:30-11:30考研政治星期六下午2:00-5:00翻译硕士英语星期天上午8:30-11:30英语翻译基础星期天下午2:00-5:00汉语写作与百科知识一、101考研政治政治网上的经验资料很多，大家可以去参考，我就推荐考前冲刺卷用肖秀荣4套卷，今年押对了几个选择题和大题，而且选择题网上有详解，任4我也买了，有一些错题，而且选择题答案没有详解，为节约大家经费，可以不用买任4。
2015的政治比往年更加灵活，选择题覆盖面广，中国近代史考的内容很细，大家可以去看真题。
二、211翻译硕士英语1、选择题：好像没几个语法题，考的都很简单，有个either or和neither nor的区别。
其他题目就记得几个词组了：gear up to, set off to, carve up。
有几个选择题都是跟埃博拉疫情相关的。
2、阅读：前面两篇忘了，不过不是很难。
第三篇：很多外来移民涌入英国，有的人认为好，可以带来年轻的劳动力，没怎么减少英国人的福利，其他人认为不好，使得就业竞争激烈，当地人的福利下降等。
两个问答题分别针对这两个方面的。
第四篇：西班牙的什么地方想要独立出来成为一个国家，民众对此意见不一，有的人投票支持独立，其他人不支持独立。
3、作文：关于高等教育改革，有的人认为现在的教育体系已经实行了改革，有的人认为需要进行彻底的改革，阐述你的观点。
三、357英语翻译基础1、词组翻译：十八届四中全会，民族凝聚力，廉租房，洲际弹道导弹，综合国力，零和博弈，货物吞吐量，农田水利化，一站式服务，剩余劳动力，暂住证，镇馆之宝。
2018n5真题解析
2018n5真题解析2018年全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试（以下简称CATTI）一级笔译真题已经发布。
本文将就真题进行分析，帮助备考者更好地复习备考。
一、真题概述2018年CATTI一级笔译真题分为两篇短文，分别是新闻类和人文类。
这两篇文章都不长，但是语言难度较高，需要考生有扎实的语言基础。
二、新闻类翻译新闻类翻译文章是一篇来自美国有线电视新闻网（CNN）的报道，主要关于美国政治方面的新闻报道。
文章涉及的议题比较热点，涵盖了美国近期的政治动态、美国总统特朗普的外交政策和美国对朝鲜的制裁。
该篇新闻类翻译难度较大，需要考生对美国的政治制度和政治语言有一定的认知，而且新闻类翻译对语法、词汇、时态等方面的要求很高。
三、人文类翻译人文类翻译是一篇来自英国《卫报》的报道，主要关于环境问题。
文章讲述了塞舌尔政府的一项抗击塑料污染的措施。
该篇人文类翻译对考生的句型转化能力和用词准确性有较高要求。
同时，该篇文章有涉及到环保领域的专业词汇，需要考生有一定的专业知识。
四、备考建议针对2018年CATTI一级笔译真题，考生可以主要从以下几个方面进行备考：1. 拓宽词汇量考生需要增加自己的词汇量，特别是对新闻类和人文类涉及到专业的词汇进行具体的学习和记忆。
2. 提高语法功底考生需要深入学习常用的语法规则，例如时态、语态等方面。
特别是在翻译新闻类文章的过程中，要注意宾语从句、定语从句等语法结构的翻译。
3. 注重阅读练习考生要练习阅读各种类型的英文资料，例如新闻报道、杂志文章、学术论文等。
同时，对于词汇量不够的考生，也可以通过阅读文章来扩充词汇量。
4. 多练习笔译模拟题考生要多练习笔译模拟题，在模拟题练习过程中，考生可以检验自己对真题的掌握情况，同时也可以发现自己的不足之处。
五、总结2018年CATTI一级笔译真题对考生的英语语言能力和翻译能力都有较高的要求，备考期间考生需要注重词汇积累、语法规则的熟悉以及翻译能力的提升。
通过对真题的深入分析和备考的实践演练，考生可以更好地备考CATTI一级笔译考试。
广外mti考研真题
广外mti考研真题广外MTI考研真题近年来，随着全球化的不断深入，翻译行业的重要性日益凸显。
广外MTI （Master of Translation and Interpreting）考研成为了许多热衷于翻译事业的学子们的首选。
在备考过程中，了解和熟悉广外MTI考研真题是非常重要的一环。
广外MTI考研真题的背景广外MTI考研真题是指广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士专业考试的历年真题。
这些真题包含了翻译理论、翻译实践、语言学、文学、文化等多个方面的内容，旨在考查考生的综合素质和翻译能力。
广外MTI考研真题的重要性了解和熟悉广外MTI考研真题对于备考者来说至关重要。
首先，通过分析历年真题，考生可以了解考试的出题方式和考点分布，从而有针对性地进行备考。
其次，广外MTI考研真题可以帮助考生熟悉考试的时间限制和答题技巧，提高应试能力。
最后，广外MTI考研真题可以帮助考生检验自己的学习成果，发现自身的不足之处，进一步提高自己的翻译能力。
如何利用广外MTI考研真题进行备考？首先，备考者可以将广外MTI考研真题按照不同的科目进行分类整理。
例如，将翻译理论和翻译实践的真题分开，以便更好地进行针对性的复习。
其次，备考者可以通过分析历年真题，总结出一些常见的考点和题型。
例如，有些题目可能会要求考生翻译一篇文章，有些题目可能会要求考生回答一些与翻译相关的问题。
通过总结这些常见的考点和题型，备考者可以有针对性地进行复习和练习。
最后，备考者可以利用广外MTI考研真题进行模拟考试。
通过模拟考试，备考者可以熟悉考试的时间限制和答题技巧，提高应试能力。
广外MTI考研真题的应用价值广外MTI考研真题不仅对于备考者有着重要的意义，对于其他翻译从业者和研究者来说，也具有一定的应用价值。
首先，广外MTI考研真题可以作为翻译教育的参考资料。
通过分析历年真题，可以了解到广外MTI考试对于翻译专业学生的要求和考察重点，从而为翻译教育的改革和发展提供参考。
全国各大高校翻译硕士(MTI)真题全集
2018 年上外高翻 MTI 研究生统考《汉语百科知识》考题完整版百科知识（一）选择题1.能表演“掌上舞”是古代哪位美女？（几个选项是：貂蝉，西施，赵飞燕，杨玉环）2.《史记》中“世家”是给什么人做的传？（帝王，王侯，将士，还有一个忘了。
）3.“孔雀东南飞”和___并称诗歌史上的“双壁：4.“菊月”是指哪一个月？5.“红肥绿瘦”是指什么季节？6.“司空见惯”中“司空”是指？ A唐朝的一位诗人 B唐朝的一位高僧 C一个官职7.下面哪一个是武松所为？A倒拔垂杨柳 B汴京城卖刀 C醉打蒋门神8.“名花解语”是指什么？9.“程门立雪”是为了什么？A拜访 B请罪 C道谢 D拜别10.一知半解又爱炫耀的人我们通常用什么词语形容？A半截剑 B半段枪 C半面 D半瓶醋11.“七月流火”形容的是？ A炎炎夏日 B夏去秋来 C春去秋来 D秋去冬来12.“汗流浃背”是为了什么？13.京剧中，性格活泼的青年女性是？ A青衣 B花旦 C彩旦14. “杨柳”是？ A一种植物 B两种植物 C与植物无关15“成也萧何败萧何”指的是哪位历史人物？（二）成语解释精卫填海来龙去脉初出茅庐韬光养晦斯芬克之谜2018英语专业考研备考精华资料史上最全最有效大家论坛原创基础英语英汉互译二外语言学英美文学英美文化学校真题汇总等热门必备的辅导书：基础与综合英语[基础英语] 2018英语专业考研考点精梳与精练基础英语[大家网]英语专业考研名校全真试卷基础英语 07到 10年真卷与解读下载[大家网]2018英语专业基础英语考研真题详解.圣才.2018年版[大家网]2018英语专业基础英语考研真题详解.金圣才. 2009出版[大家网]09年版.英语专业考研基础英语高分突破.吴中东.宫玉波[大家网]10年题解英语专业考研过关必备 3000词 PDF.金圣才版1[大家网]英语专业考研核心词汇.pdf.宫玉波.09版[大家网]题解英语专业考研过关必备 3000词[大家网]读者的选择阅读手册[大家网]读者的选择第 4版英文版[大家网]谈语言写作读本英汉互译：[大家网]2018英语专业英汉互译考研真题与典型题详解.圣才考研网编[大家网]星火英语专业考研名校全真试卷精解英汉互译（2018）[大家网]2018年英语专业考研名校全真题精解.英汉互译.郭棲庆.10年版重点推荐资料：点击下载！英语专业考研（最全最新！） /thread-2407892-1-1.html 基础英语汇总：各校基础英语真题资料汇总英美文学：各校英美文学真题汇总二外：英研二外资料——日语、法语、德语、俄语、西班牙语等汇总学校真题汇总：中国人民大学英语专业考研真题汇总！中国矿业大学英语专业考研资料汇总！上海外国语大学北京外语国大学资料汇总华中师范大学英语专业考研--汇总华中科技大学英语专业考研资料汇总广东外语外贸大学深圳大学的真题汇总南开大学英语专业考研真题汇总中山大学资料汇总暨南大学资料北京航空航天大学英语专业考研真题资料西安外国语大学英语专业考研真题汇总河海大学英语专业考研真题资料汇总中国海洋大学英语专业考研资料小汇武汉理工大学英语专业考研资料汇总武汉大学英语专业考研资料汇总苏州大学英语专业考研资料北京师范大学英语专业考研资料汇总西安外国语大学英语专业考研真题汇总四川大学英语专业考研真题资料汇总！2南京大学英语专业考研资料中南大学二外法语 01年到 07年真题 pdf翻译资料：全日制翻译硕士专业学位 MTI研究生入学考试指南外事翻译口译和笔译技巧.rar下载[大家网]新编当代翻译理论刘宓庆著下载[大家网]英汉翻译综合教程[大家网]西方译学理论辑要下载[大家网]英语翻译理论与实践论文集下载[大家网]外事翻译口译和笔译技巧.rar下载汉语成语典故谚语与歇后语英语翻译全国 68所院校英汉互译试卷分析英语专业考研翻译超全面的笔记~英语专业考研各大院校题型对比分析 pdf英语修辞手法经济学人文本许渊冲与翻译艺术.张智中.扫描版散文佳作 108篇汉英英汉对照报刊英语单词精华经济指标名词解释真题：基础英语汇总：各校基础英语真题资料汇总英美文学：各校英美文学真题汇总二外：英研二外资料——日语法语德语俄语西班牙语等汇总语言学方面真题：汇总中中南大学 2006年英语语言文学与文化综合知识真题四川外语学院 01-06年英语语言文学真题长安大学 2007年英语语言学真题四川外国语大学英语专业 2006年考研真题翻译真题：汇总中广外英语专业历年初试真题水平+翻译与写作武汉大学 2009综合英语汉译英真题及参考答案南京大学 2007基础英语汉译英及参考答案文本及 pdf广外 10年写作与翻译真题3上外 01-08年英汉互译真题外交学院翻译真题及答案杭州师范大学 2018年硕士生招生入学考试科目和参考书目9.天津地区院校英专考研翻译真题8.上海地区院校英专考研翻译真题7.陕西地区院校英专考研翻译真题6.江苏地区院校英专考研翻译真题5.湖北地区院校英专考研翻译真题4.广东地区院校英专考研翻译真题3.福建地区院校英专考研翻译真题[大家网]2.东北地区院校英专考研翻译真题.pdf[大家网]1.北京地区院校英专考研翻译真题.pdf[大家网]高级英语第一册第二册教材及教师用书 rar下载孙亦丽--大学英语精读学习精要--第一册第二册第三册 pdf下载【大家论坛】传播学原理 2009年版张国良全日制翻译硕士专业学位 MTI研究生入学考试指南英语专业考研名校全真试卷基础英语 07到年真卷与解读下载英语专业考研核心词汇.pdf.宫玉波.09版孙亦丽--大学英语精读学习精要--第一册第二册第三册 pdf下载高级英语第二册教材及教师用书第一册 rar下载MTI之 2018中文百科-keys（杭州小蚩尤尝鲜版）1.汉宫飞燕赵飞燕身材轻盈，有人认为是古代芭蕾的雏形。
广东外语外贸大学研究生入学考试翻译学复试样题
考试复习重点资料（最新版）资料见第二页封面学校代码：11910考生准考证号：广东外语外贸大学高级翻译学院攻读硕士学位研究生入学复试笔试试卷（样题）考试专业： 翻 译 学专业方向：考试科目： 翻译理论与实践考生姓名：考生成绩：试卷评阅人：复试考生须知1.本试卷共 4 页(含本页)，本试卷分 3 大题。
2.答案必须写在本试卷上。
书写必须工整、清晰。
请用钢笔答题。
3.考生必须把专业方向和姓名填写在本试卷封面相应的地方。
4.考试时间为二小时。
试卷满分为 100 分。
5.考试结束时本试卷必须交回监考老师处。
*考试时不得使用任何工具书、参考书及任何其他种类的辅助工具和文献资料。
I. ClozeDirections:The following is a passage with numbered gaps. Choose from the list below an appropriate word to fill in each gap, making CHANGES in form where necessary. Each word given in the list can be used only ONCE and not all of them will be used. (30%)require sweep have provided if reactdevelop culture feel even poor principalcontain do wide locally abroad prevalentthat distinct advances longer from owncanned however bring commit to psychologicallyin what muchIt has been said that ‘we are _____1___ we eat’, and from a physiological point of view it is the food we eat that builds our bodies and influences our general health and disposition.One of the saddest features of the modern world is that millions of people round the globe do not have enough to eat and many more do not have the right kinds of food ___2____ for good health. We are constantly faced with the stark contrast between nations in the developed countries who have more food than they need, and the millions in many ____3_____ countries who are hungry and often starving.In order to be healthy, man needs a balanced diet ____4____ protein, fat, carbohydrate（碳水化合物）, vitamins and minerals. The carbohydrate in bread, rice, potatoes and sugary foods provide energy for the body. Too much carbohydrate, however, results ____5____ obesity（肥胖症）which can endanger health. The fats and oils in milk, cream, butter, cheese and fat meat provide the body's main stored food and contain twice as ____6_____ energy as carbohydrates. The protein in cheese, eggs, meat, fish and milk promote growth and repair damage to the body's tissues. The body also needs small amounts of vitamins and minerals. _____7______ a person's diet consists of a variety of foods such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, green vegetables and fruit, the required amounts of vitamins and minerals are taken in.The kinds of foods people become accustomed ____8____ in the early formative years become an integral part of their psychological make-up. If they move to another country and ___9______, they tend to take their eating habits with them and to cling to the style of food to which they accustomed. It is ____10________ reassuring to eat the foods one is used to; the best way to make a foreign visitor _____11______ 'at home' is to offer them the kind of food they would eat in their own country.When discussing food and diet, it is always necessary to treat the world's population as two ___12_____ sections: those who have food in relative abundance and those who suffer shortages of ____13____ the most basic foods. The inhabitants of developed countries benefit from theirwealth and the ___14_____ in food technology. Refrigeration, food preservation and rapid transport systems allow people in Britain, for example, to enjoy foods from all parts of the world. Unable to grow sufficient food for their needs, the British import a ___15_____ variety of foods,from the humble potato to exotic tropical fruits. Food processing has meant that the seasons no___16_____ dictate diet: vegetables such as peas and beans are ____17______ or frozen and are available the whole year round; soft fruits such as strawberries, which are only produced____18_____ for a short season, can be imported from other parts of the world; citrus fruits and bananas, which do not grow at all in temperate Britain, are ____19_____ in from the Mediterranean and the tropics and are continuously available.The developed countries do, ____20______, pay a penalty for having such an abundance of food: obesity and the concomitant diseases such as heart disease are more ____21______. It has beensaid that the French, for example, who consume a particularly rich diet, ____22______suicidewith a knife and fork. But even in the rich countries, an economic recession can alter eating habits. Although some developed countries have become slightly ___23_____, the result has not been damaging and may even prove to be a good thing in ____24_____ the people in these countrieswill eat a little less. The effects of economic recession on many developing countries, however,have been disastrous, with famine and death _____25______ through vast area of Africa. Although drought is a ___26_____ cause of this famine, the economic pressure to produce cash crops, such as cotton, for export has reduced the ability of these countries to produce food cropsfor their ___27______ people. Already saddled with huge foreign debts, many developing countries cannot buy the food they need from ___28_____. Fortunately, the developed countrieshave ___29_____ to the famine crisis and are providing food aid from their embarrassingly highfood surpluses. Meanwhile, over large parts of the globe, hungry people are wondering not what toeat, but ____30____ they will eat.序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 选项序号7 8 9 10 11 12 选项序号13 14 15 16 17 18 选项序号19 20 21 22 23 24 选项序号25 26 27 28 29 30 选项II. Translation from English to Chinese (30%)He was a man of fifty, and some, seeing that he had gone both bald and grey, thought he looked older. But the first physical impression was deceptive. He was tall and thick about the body, with something of a paunch, but he was also small-boned, active, light on his feet. In the same way, his head was massive, his forehead high and broad between the fringes of fair hair; but no one’s face changed its expression quicker, and his smile was brilliant. Behind the thick lenses, his eyes were small and intensely bright, the eyes of a young and lively man. At a first glance, people might think he looked like a senator, it did not take them long to discover how mercurial he was. His temper was as quick as his smile; in everything he did his nerves seemed on the surface. In fact, people forgot all about the senator and began to complain that sympathy and emotion flowed too easily. Many of them disliked his love of display. Yet they were affected by the depth of his feeling. Nearly everyone recognized that, though it took some insight to perceive that he was not only a man of deep feeling, but also one of passionate pride.III. Translation from Chinese to English (40%)古往今来人类的一切智慧结晶，数百年来一直使人津津乐道的故事，我们都可以轻而易举地在书本中得到，而且也无需很多的花费。
广外考研真题2
广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课试题册专业：翻译硕士考试科目：汉语写作与百科知识考生须知1．本试卷共 5 页。
2．答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试题册上无效。
3．答题时一律使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔，用其它笔作答不给分。
4．考试时间为 3 小时，成绩满分150 分。
第一部分百科知识（50分）请用汉语简要解释以下段落中划线部分的名词（共20题，每题2.5分。
）第一段据香港《文汇报》报道，在第61届的（1）法兰克福书展中，（2）Google表示有意透过Goolge Books计划，将数以百万计的书籍电子化，供读者在网上阅读。
书展中的另一热话，即Google 的另一计划──Google Editions，希望通过完善的网络连结设定令读者随时随地能以手提电话或电子书进行阅读，以挑战（3）亚马逊刚于上周推出的Kindle电子书。
正当Google的计划如箭在弦，（4）欧盟却提出在Google现存近100万本的典藏中，有近90万本仍受（5）版权法所保护，亦即是说，Google Books及Google Editions两大计划定必与欧盟法律龃龉。
第二段今年以来全世界主要（6）资本市场IPO的规模，中国的融资额是900亿元，全球所有的融资额加起来是3000亿元，中国当之不让的成为世界最大的（7）IPO市场，第二名是香港，第三名是美国，美国IPO的总额是（8）纽约交易所和（9）纳斯达克，因此我们是远远领先于其他成熟的市场。
分析市场和（10）创业板的时候，关键要看是否可以适应社会和经济发展的需求，换句话说，是否有足够的上市资源。
第三段（11）中国传统文化是一种理性的文化，越是科学发达，人们的文化水准提高，认识能力增强的情况下，越是有利于中国传统文化的传播。
在人们没有文化愚昧的情况下，中国传统文化是不易推广与传播的，因为它不具备传播这种文化的软件与硬件。
在中国历史上，无论什么时候，哪一个（12）封建王朝都没有真正彻底的贯彻中国传统文化，所以，中国的传统文化从来都没有像（13）《圣经》文化和（14）《古兰经》文化那样，左右一个国家的政治经济的命运。
4.广东地区院校英专考研翻译真题
广东地区
题１ ．Ｔ ｒ ａ ｎ ｓ ｌ ａ ｔ ｅｔ ｈ ｅｆ ｏ ｌ ｌ ｏ ｗ ｉ ｎ ｇｐ ａ ｒ ａ ｇ ｒ ａ ｐ ｈｆ ｒ ｏ ｍＥ ｎ ｇ ｌ ｉ ｓ ｈｉ ｎ ｔ ｏＣ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｓ ｅ ． （ 广东外语外贸大学 ２ ０ ０ ３研， 考试科目： 英语写作与翻译） Ａ ｎ ｄｓ ｐ ｅ ａ ｋ ｉ ｎ ｇｏ ｆ ｆ ｒ ｅ ｅ ｄ ｏ ｍ ， ｉ ｓ ｎ ｏ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅ ａ ｕ ｔ ｈ ｏ ｒ ｆ ｒ ｅ ｅ ， ａ ｓ ｆ ｅ ｗｍ ｅ ｎａ ｒ ｅ ｆ ｒ ｅ ｅ ？Ｉ ｓ ｈ ｅ ｎ ｏ ｔ ｓ ｅ ｃ ｕ ｒ ｅ ，ａ ｓ ｆ ｅ ｗｍ ｅ ｎａ ｒ ｅ ｓ ｅ ｃ ｕ ｒ ｅ ？ Ｔ ｈ ｅ ｔ ｏ ｏ ｌ ｓ ｏ ｆ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｄ ｕ ｓ ｔ ｒ ｙａ ｒ ｅｓ ｏｃ ｏ ｍ ｍ ｏ ｎａ ｎ ｄｓ ｏｃ ｈ ｅ ａ ｐｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｙｈ ａ ｖ ｅａ ｌ ｍ ｏ ｓ ｔ ｃ ｅ ａ ｓ ｅ ｄｔ ｏｈ ａ ｖ ｅｃ ｏ ｍ ｍ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ａ ｌ ｖ ａ ｌ ｕ ｅ ．Ｈ ｅ ｎ ｅ ｅ ｄ ｓ ｎ ｏｂ ｕ ｌ ｋ ｙｐ ｉ ｌ ｅ ｏ ｆ ｒ ａ ｗｍ ａ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｉ ａ ｌ ，ｎ ｏｅ ｌ ａ ｂ ｏ ｒ ａ ｔ ｅａ ｐ ｐ ａ ｒ ａ ｔ ｕ ｓ ，ｎ ｏｓ ｅ ｒ ｖ ｉ ｃ ｅｏ ｆ ｍ ｅ ｎｏ ｒ ａ ｎ ｉ ｍ ａ ｌ ｓ ．Ｈ ｅ ｉ ｓ ｄ ｅ ｐ ｅ ｎ ｄ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｆ ｏ ｒ ｈ ｉ ｓ ，ａ ｎ ｄｎ ｏ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｏ ｕ ｔ ｓ ｉ ｄ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｏ ｃ ｃ ｕ ｐ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎｕ ｐ ｏ ｎｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｂ ｕ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｍ ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ ，ａ ｎ ｄｎ ｏ ｔ ｈ ｏ ｃ ｃ ｕ ｐ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎｕ ｐ ｏ ｎｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｂ ｕ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｍ ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ ｉ ｎ ｇ ｏ ｕ ｔ ｓ ｉ ｄ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｔ ｈ ａ ｔ ｍ ａ ｔ ｅ ｒ ｓ ． Ｈ ｅ ｉ ｓ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｓ ｏ ｖ ｅ ｒ ｅ ｉ ｇ ｎｏ ｆ ａ ｎｅ ｍ ｐ ｉ ｒ ｅ ， ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ ｓ ｕ ｐ ｐ ｏ ｒ ｔ ｉ ｎ ｇ ，ｓ ｅ ｌ ｆ － ｃ ｏ ｎ ｔ ａ ｉ ｎ ｅ ｄ 爥Ｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｃ ａ ｎｄ ｅ ｐ ｒ ｉ ｖ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｏ ｆ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｓ ｔ ｏ ｃ ｋ ｉ ｎ ｔ ｒ ａ ｄ ｅ ； ｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｃ ａ ｎ ｆ ｏ ｒ ｃ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｍｔ ｏ ｅ ｘ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ｓ ｅ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｆ ａ ｃ ｕ ｌ ｔ ｙ ａ ｇ ａ ｉ ｎ ｓ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｗ ｉ ｌ ｌ ； ｎ ｏ ｏ ｎ ｅ ｃ ａ ｎ ｐ ｒ ｅ ｖ ｅ ｎ ｔ ｈ ｉ ｍｅ ｘ ｅ ｒ ｃ ｉ ｓ ｉ ｎ ｇｉ ｔ ａ ｓ ｈ ｅ ｃ ｈ ｏ ｏ ｓ ｅ ｓ ．Ｔ ｈ ｅ ｐ ｅ ｎｉ ｓ ｔ ｈ ｅ ｇ ｒ ｅ ａ ｔ ｌ ｉ ｂ ｅ ｒ ａ ｔ ｏ ｒ ｏ ｆ ｍ ｅ ｎａ ｎ ｄｎ ａ ｔ ｉ ｏ ｎ ｓ ．Ｎ ｏ ｃ ｈ ａ ｉ ｎ ｓ ｃ ａ ｎｂ ｉ ｎ ｄ ，ｎ ｏ ｐ ｏ ｖ ｅ ｒ ｔ ｙ ｃ ａ ｎｃ ｈ ｏ ｋ ｅ ， ｎ ｏ ｔ ａ ｒ ｉ ｆ ｆ ｃ ａ ｎｒ ｅ ｓ ｔ ｒ ｉ ｃ ｔ ｔ ｈ ｅｆ ｒ ｅ ｅｐ ｌ ａ ｙ ｏ ｆ ｈ ｉ ｓ ｍ ｉ ｎ ｄ 爥
上外2018年MTI真题回忆版
上外2018年MTI真题回忆版（超详细）（一）翻译硕士英语一、阅读，回答问题（哲学类，3页5面，四个问题，40分）标题：Barney's caseStudy of philosophy knowledgeBarney’s case of the study of history of philosophy?（Barney's case for the history of philosophy）……问题：1.What are the reasons Barney cite for the study of history by three goroups of people？2. According to the passage, what are Martin Lin's interpretation about philosphers?3.How does the author comment on the men's innate thirst for knowledge?4.Sum up how the author writes about Barney and Martin Lin’s discussion on philosophical progress二、Writing. 800words, 60分Digital Humanities in the New Era（二）英语翻译基础一、汉译英，翻译划线部分，70分对中国90后，00后深入骨髓的剖析现如今的家庭教育之难，难在什么地方？难在我们的教育有太多的悖论和问题需要面对。
各位父母，我先问你们一个问题，你了解现在的孩子吗？我在这个问题上很有发言权，因为近20年来，我大概接触了8000个家庭案例。
当今的孩子是怎么回事？当今的孩子是什么人？我们要从本质上来把握。
假如我们不能从本质上来把握，学校教育也好，家庭教育也好，都不会在点子上。
2018年考研英语真题答案及解析
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解Section I Use of English全文翻译：你的大脑与信任：为什么我们天生信任别人信任是一件棘手的事，一方面，（1）对很多重要的事情来说，这是一个必要条件：托儿、友情等，另一方面，把你的（2）信任放在错误的地方通常伴有高昂的（3）代价。
（4）那么，我们究竟为什么要相信别人呢？嗯，因为这样感觉很好。
（5）当人们相信一个人或一个机构时，他们的大脑会释放催产素，这是一种会（6）制造愉悦情感和激发群体集本能的激素，这种本能促使人们彼此（7）联系。
科学家发现，接触（8）到这种激素让我们处于信任的（9）情绪中：在一项瑞士的研究中，研究人员将催产素喷洒进半数受试者的鼻子里；这些人准备借给陌生人的钱的数额比吸入了其他物品的（10）对应受试者高得多。
对我们来说（11）幸运的是，我们还有识别不诚实的第六感，这可以（12）保护我们。
一项加拿大的研究发现，仅14个月大的孩子就能够将可靠的人和不诚实的人区分开来。
60个刚学步的小孩每人都被（14）介绍给一个拿着塑料容器的成人测试人员。
测试人员在看向容器里之前会问：“这里面有什么呢？”然后笑着惊叹：“哇哦！”然后邀请每一个受试者看向容器（15）里面。
一半的小孩发现有玩具；另一半（16）发现容器里是空的——然后意识到测试人员（17）欺骗了他们.在没有被戏弄的孩子中，大部分都（18）愿意同测试人员合作学习一项新技能，说明他们相信他的领导地位，（19）相比之下，同（20）“不可靠的”测试人员被配对的30个孩子中，只有5个参与了后续活动。
1、【答案】[C]for【解析】此处考察介词的用法。
it’s a necessary condition____many worthwhile things(信任是一个必要条件_____许多重要事情)此处应该是说，信任对许多重要事情来说是一个必要条件。
C选项for(对...来说)符合语义，故为正确答案;D选项from(来自于)，B选项like(像...)，A选项on(关于)语义不恰当，故排除。
广东外语外贸大学考研英语翻译基础真题
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广东外语外贸大学二外法语考研历年考题分析及复习指导
广东外语外贸大学二外法语考研历年考题分析及复习指导广东外语外贸大学考研二外法语考试是没有真题的，在网上我们只能找到03、04和10年的真题，广外的研究生招生信息网也只给出了二外法语的一套样题，样题是2004年的二外真题，距离现在已经有一定的年头，所以不是特别具有参考价值。
为了降低广大考生的备考难度，北鼎教育将会从考试题型、参考书目、复习建议等方面为大家做一个关于广外二外法语考研的复习指导。
一、考试题型2012年12月考试题型回忆版（1）单项选择题40分。
（单项选择题分为四个部分，每个部分10题，每题1分。
四部分选择题对应的分别是10个动词，10个介词，10个代词，10个连词选择，注意虚拟语气里面avant que,pour que等类似短语的使用）（2）两篇阅读理解（每篇对应5个选择题，每题2分，共20分）（3）法译汉（16分）（4）汉译法（8个短句共24分）2013年12月考试题型回忆版（1）介词选择（10道）（2）代词选择（10道）（3）连词(短语)选择（10道）、（4）两篇阅读（每篇5道题）（5）法译汉（两篇）（6）汉译法（5个句子）2014年12月考试题型回忆版（1）代词选择（10道）（2）介词选择（10道）（3）连词选择（10道）【注意：不要满足于课本，2014年有出现si bien que,étant donnéque等课本里没有的表达式】（4）两篇阅读（每篇5道题）（5）法译汉（2篇）（6）汉译法（8个句子）2015年12月考试题型回忆版（1）选择适当的【连词】填空（每题1分，共10分）考察连词使用方法：表时间、转折、让步、假设等；连词后接从句的语式（直陈or虚拟or条件式）（2）选择适当的【动词】填空（每题1分，共10分）考动词时态、语态（3）选择适当的【泛指形容词】填空（每题1分，共10分）考察各个泛指形容词的用法（用于肯定or否定；单数or复数）（4）阅读理解（两篇阅读，每题2分，共20分）（5）翻译（共50分）A.法译汉(两篇)B.汉译法（5个句子）3个来自于课后练习，2个是对常考句型的变化。
广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题
广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题广东外语外贸大学（原题）翻译硕士英语Part I.Vocabulary and Grammar(30points,1point for each)Directions:After each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on your answer sheet.1.Although she gives badly_______titles to her musical compositions,they_______ unusual combinations of materials including classical music patterns and rhythms, electronic sounds,and bird songs.A.conventional…incorporateB.eccentric…deployC.traditional…excludeD.imaginative…disguise2.Even though the folktales Perroult collected and retold were not solely Frenchin origin,his versions of them were so decidedly French in style that lateranthologies of French folktales have never_______them.A.excludedB.admiredC.collectedprehended3.In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent,her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been_________.A.exaggeratedB.ignoredC.scrutinizedD.derided4.There seems to be no________the reading public’s thirst for books about the 1960’s:indeed,the normal level of interest has______recently because of a spate of popular television documentaries.A.quenching…moderatedB.whetting…mushroomedC.slaking…increasedD.ignoring…transformed5.Despite a tendency to be overtly_______,the poetry of the Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and provides lively entertainment,as well as pious sentiments.A.divertingB.emotionalC.didacticD.romantic6.One of the first______of reduced burning in Amazon rain forests was the chestnut industry:smoke tends to drive out the insect that,by pollinating chestnut tree, allow chestnuts to develop.A.reformersB.discoveriesC.casualtiesD.beneficiaries7.The research committee urged the archaeologist to_______her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great,since her initial report has been based only on______.A.disseminate…suppositionB.withdraw…evidenceC.undercut…capriceD.document…conjecture8.Although Heron is well known for the broad comedy in the movies she has directed previously,her new film is less inclined to__________:the gags are fewer and subtler.A.understatementB.preciosityC.symbolismD.melodrama9.Bebop’s legacy is______one:bebop may have won jazz the right to be taken seriously as an art form,but it_______jazz’s mass audience,which turned to other forms of music such as rock and pop.A.a mixed……alienatedB.a troubled……seducedC.an ambiguous……aggrandizedD.a valuable……refined10.The exhibition’s importance lies in its___________:curators have gathered a diverse array of significant works from many different museums.A.homogeneityB.sophistryC.scopeD.farsightedness11.Despite the fact that the commission’s report treats a vitally important topic, the report will be______read because its prose is so_________that understanding it requires an enormous effort.A.seldom…….transparentB.carefully……..pellucidC.little……….turgidD.eagerly……..digressive12.Carleton would still rank among the great________of nineteenth century American art even if the circumstance of her life and career were less_____than they are.A.celebrities……….obscureB.failures……..illustriousC.charlatans……impeccableD.enigmas……mysterious13.Although based on an actual event,the film lacks______________:the director shuffles events,simplifies the tangle of relationships,and _____________documentary truth for dramatic power.A.conviction……..embracesB.expressiveness…..exaggeratesC.verisimilitude…….sacrificesD.realism……….substitutes14.When Adolph Ochs became the publisher of The New York Times,he endowed the paper with a uniquely_________tone,avoiding the________editorials that characterized other major papers of the time.A.abstruse….scholarlyB.dispassionate…shrillC.argumentative…tendentiousD.cosmopolitan…timely15.There are as good fish in the sea_____ever came out of it.A.thanB.likeC.asD.so16.All the President’s Men______one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A.remainB.remainsC.remainedD.is remaining17.“You______borrow my notes provided you take care of them”,I told my friend.A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can18.If only the patient______a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A.had receivedB.receivedC.should receiveD.were receiving19.Linda was_____the experiment a month ago,but she changed her mind at the last minute.A.to startB.to have startedC.to be startingD.to have been starting20.She_____fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A.must beB.had beenC.could beD.must have been21.It is not______much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.A.thatB.asC.soD.very22.The committee has anticipated the problems that________in the road construction project.A.ariseB.will ariseC.aroseD.have arisen23.The student said there were a few points in the essay he_______impossible to comprehend.A.had foundB.findsC.has foundD.would find24.He would have finished his college education,but he_______to quit and finda job to support his family.A.had hadB.hasC.hadD.would have25.The research requires more money than________.A.have been put inB.has been put inC.being put inD.to be put in26.Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race.Yet it is probably ________a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A.no moreB.not moreC.even moreD.much more27.It is not uncommon for there_______problems of communication between the old and the young.A.beingB.would beC.beD.to be28.________at in his way,the situation does not seem so desperate.A.LookingB.LookedC.Being lookedD.To look29.It is absolutely essential that William______his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A.will continueB.continuedC.continueD.continues30.The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a_____forgery.A.man-madeB.naturalC.crudeD.realPart II.Reading Comprehension(40points)Section1Multiple choice questions(20points,2points for each)Directions:In this section there are reading passages followed by multiple-choice questions.Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage1On New Year’s Day,50,000inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch.This was not some mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions.It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture:the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated3.5million Kenyans who,because of a severe drought,are threatened with starvation.The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn.If you are reading this in thewest,however,you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drought,you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately:the pastoralists.There are20million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region,and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent.Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so?It comes down to the reluctance of governments,aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’traditional way of life.Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists,even though it has been demonstrated time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments,and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore,African pastoralist systems are often more productive,in terms of protein and cash per hectare,than Australian,American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions.They make a substantial contribution to their countries’national economies.In Kenya,for example,the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth$800million per year.In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia,hides from pastoralists’herds make up over10per cent of export earnings.Despite this productivity,pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits.One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goes to the herders themselves;the lion’s share is pocketed by traders.This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine,when they need the cash to buy food,and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour.Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the1960s,investing millions of dollars in commercial beef and dairy production.It didn’t work.Firstly,no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted.Secondly,rearing livestock took precedence over human progress.The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient,which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models;and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching.They cannot.Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching. What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle.Over the past few years,funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message.One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought,so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive(the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it).Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that has helped avert livestock deaths. This is all promising,but more needs to be done.Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle.They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding.Ultimately, sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade, so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products:there will likely be an additional2billion consumers worldwide by2020,the vast majority in developing countries.To ensure that pastoralists benefit,it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies.Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women,who play critical roles in livestock production.The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists.Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to more resentment,conflict, environmental degradation and malnutrition.It is in the rich world’s intereststo help out.31.Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?(A)Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.(B)The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.(C)The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.(D)Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.32.The word“encapsulates”in the sentence“Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”(para.l)can be replaced by________.(A)concludes.(B)involves.(C)represents.(D)aggravates.33.What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and traditional lifestyle of pastoralism?(A)Neutral and indifferent.(B)Sympathetic and understanding.(C)Critical and vehement.(D)Subjective and fatalistic.34.When the author writes“the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonialpredecessors.”(para.4),he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not__________.(A)have an objective view of the situation in Africa(B)understand the unpredictable weather systems there(C)feel themselves superior in decision making(D)care about the development of the local people35.The author’s main purpose in writing this article is_________.(A)to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralists(B)to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in Africa(C)to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralism(D)to criticize the colonial thinking of western aid agenciesPassage2Civil-Liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week:the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft.As part of a long-running court case,the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavior.All but Google have handed over data,and now the Department of Justice(DOJ)has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods. What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security,but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography.In1998,Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act (COPA),but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal,the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore.In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search termsfrom the different search engines.It would then use those terms to do its own searches,employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers,in an attempt to quantify how often“material that is harmful to minors”might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case,the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test.“We intend to resist their motion vigorously,”said Google attorney Nicole Wong.DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms,and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them.(The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched.)Originally,the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July2005; the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites,the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net.“We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam,group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test,it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps,subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching.“What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?”Says the DOJ’s Miller,“I’m assuming that if something raised alarms,we would hand it over to the proper authorities.”Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld,it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior.One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information,but the company hopes to eventually use the personal informationof consenting customers to improve search performance.“Search is a window into people’s personalities,”says Kurt Opsahl,an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney.“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”36.When the American government asked Google,AOL,Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’search behavior,the major intention is_________.(A)to protect national security(B)to help protect personal freedom(C)to monitor Internet pornography(D)to implement the Child Online Protection Act37.Google refused to turn over“its proprietary information”(para.2)required by DOJ as it believes that________.(A)it is not involved in the court case(B)users’privacy is most important(C)the government has violated the First Amendment(D)search terms is the company’s business secret38.The phrase“scaled back to”in the sentence“the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”(para.3)can be replaced by_________.(A)maximized to(B)minimized to(C)returned to(D)reduced to39.In the sentence“One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”(para.4),the expression“sink its own case”most probably means that_________.(A)counterattack the opposition(B)lead to blocking of porn sites(C)provide evidence to disprove the case(D)give full ground to support the case40.When Kurt Opsahl says that“They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”(para.5),the expression“Big Brother”is used to refer to_________.(A)a friend or relative showing much concern(B)a colleague who is much more experienced(C)a dominating and all-powerful ruling power(D)a benevolent and democratic organizationSection2Answering questions(20points,4points for each)Directions:Read the following passages and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions following each e only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER SHEET.Passage3Millions of elderly Germans received a notice from the Health&Social Security Ministry earlier this month that struck a damaging blow to the welfare state.The statement informed them that their pensions were being cut.The reductions come as a stop-gap measure to control Germany’s ballooning pension crisis.Not surprisingly, it was an unwelcome change for senior citizens such as Sabine Wetzel,a67-year-old retired bank teller,who was told her state pension would be cut by$12.30,or1% to$1,156.20a month.“It was a real shock,”she says.“My pension had alwaysgone up in the past.”There’s more bad news on the way.On Mar.11,Germany’s lower house of Parliament passed a bill gradually cutting state pensions--which have been rising steadily since World War II--from53%of average wages now to46%by2020.And Germany is not ernments across Western Europe are racing to curb pension benefits. In Italy,the government plans to raise the minimum retirement age from57to60, while France will require that civil servants put in40years rather than37.5to qualify for a full pension.The reforms are coming despite tough opposition from unions,leftist politicians,and pensioners’groups.The explanation is simple:Europeans are living longer and having fewer children. By2030there will only be two workers per pensioner,compared with four in2000. With fewer young workers paying into the system,cuts are being made to cover a growing shortfall.The gap between money coming in and payments going out could top $10billion this year in Germany alone.“In the future,a state pension alone will no longer be enough to maintain the living standards employees had before they retired,”says German Health&Social Security Minister Ulla Schmidt.Says Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti:“The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”Of course,those population trends have been forecast for years.Some countries, such as Britain and the Netherlands,have responded by making individuals and their employers assume more of the responsibility for pensions.But many Continental governments dragged their feet.Now,the rapid runup in costs is finally forcing them to act.State-funded pension payments make up around12%of gross domestic product in Germany and France and15%in Italy——two percentage points more than 20years ago.Pensions account for an average21%of government spending across the European Union.The U.S.Social Security system,by contrast,consumes just4.8% of GDP.The rising cost is having serious repercussions on key European nations’commitments to fiscal restraint.“Governments have no choice but to make pensionreform a priority,”says Antonio Cabral,deputy director of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Economic&Financial Affairs.Just as worrisome is the toll being exacted on the private sector.Corporate contributions to state pension systems--which make up19.5%of total gross pay in Germany--add to Europe’s already bloated labor costs.That,in turn,blunts manufacturers’competitiveness and keeps unemployment rates high.According to the Institute of German Economics in Cologne,benefit costs reached a record41.7%of gross wages in Germany last year,compared with37.4%a decade before.French cement manufacturer Lafarge says pension cost of$121million contributed to a9%fall in operating profits last year.To cope,Germany and most of its EU partners are using tax breaks to encourage employees to put money into private pensions schemes.But even if private pensions become more popular,European governments will have to increase minimum retirement ages and reduce public pensions.While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits,the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’pension checks with envy.41.Paraphrase Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti’s statement“The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”(para.3)42.What is implied by the last sentence of the passage“While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits,the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’pension checks with envy.”?Passage4In the old days,it was all done with cakes.For Marcel Proust,it was a visit to Mother’s for tea and madeleines that provided the access to“the vast structure of recollection”that was to become his masterpiece on memory and nostalgia,“Remembrance of Past Things.”These days,it’s not necessary to evoke the past: you can’t move without tripping over it.In an age zooming forward technologically,why all the backward glances?The Oxford English Dictionary’s first definition of nostalgia reads:“acute longing for familiar surroundings;severe homesickness.”With the speed of computers doubling every18months,and the net doubling in size in about half that,no wonder we’re aching for familiar surroundings.Since the cornerstone of the Information Age is change,anything enduring becomes precious.“People are looking for something authentic,”says McLaren.Trouble is,nostalgia has succumbed to trends in marketing,demographics and technology.“Nostalgia ain’t what it used to be,”says Michael J.Wolf,senior partner at Booz-Allen&Hamilton in New York.“These are the new good old days.”Baby boomers form the core of the nostalgia market.The boomers,defined by American demographers as those born between1946and1964,are living long and prosperous lives.In both Europe and America,they remain the Holy Grail for admen,and their past has become everyone’s present.In a study on“entertainment imprinting,”two American marketing professors,Robert Schindler and Morris Holbrook,asked people ranging in age from16to86which popular music from the past they liked best.People’s favorite songs,they found,tended to be those that were popular when they were about24,with their affection for pop songs diminishing on either side of that age.Doubtless Microsoft knows about entertainment imprinting,or at least nostalgia.The company hawks its latest Explorer to the strains of Simon and Garfunkel’s“Homeward Bound,”just as it launched Windows98to the tune of “Start Me up”by the Rolling Stones.Boomers remember both tunes from their20s. If boomers are one market that values memories,exiles are another.According to the International Organization of Migration,more than150million people live today in a country other than the one where they were born—double the number that did so in1965.This mass movement has sources as dire as tyranny and as luxurious asthe freedoms of an EU passport.But exiles and refugees share one thing:homes left behind.Type in“nostalgia”on the search engine Google,and one of the first sites that pop up is the nostalgia page of The Iranian,an online site for Iran’s exiles, most of whom fled after1978’s Islamic revolution.Perhaps the savviest exploitation of nostalgia has been the secondhand-book site ,which features stories of clients’rediscovering long-lost books on it.One John Mason Mings writes of the glories of finding a book with information on“Kickapoo Joy Juice,”ad dreaded medicine of his youth.A Pennsylvanian waxes over alibris’s recovery of his first-grade primer”Down cherry Street.”The Net doesn’t merely facilitate nostalgia—it promotes it.Web-based auction houses have helped jump-start markets for vintage items,form marbles to Apple Macintoshes.Cutting-edge technology,designed to be transient,has even bred its own st year a$666Apple I went for$18,000to a British collector at a San Francisco auction.“Historic!Microsoft Multiplan for Macintosh”crows one item on eBay’s vintage Apple section.Surf to The Net Nostalgia Quiz to puzzle over questions like“In the old days,Altavista used to have which one of these URLs?”Those who don’t remember their history are condemned to repeat it.Or so entertainment moguls hope,as they market‘70s TV hits like“Charlie’s Angels”and“Scooby Doo,”out next year,to a generation that can’t remember them the first time round.If you’ve missed a Puff Daddy track or a“Sopranos”episode, panic not.The megahits of today are destined to be the golden oldies of2020,says Christopher Nurko of the branding consultant FutureBrand.“I guarantee you, Madonna’s music will be used to sell everything,”he says.“God help me,I hope it’s not selling insurance.”It could be.When we traffic in the past,nothing’s sacred.43.Explain the beginning sentence“In the old days,it was all done with cakes.”44.What is the other big group besides baby boomers which values memories?What do these people share?45.What is“nostalgia market”?What do they sell in the nostalgia market? Part III.Writing(30points)46.Please reflect on the following opinion and write an essay of about400words elaborating your view with a well-defined title.Some people believe the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that educations is there,instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students,to improve the students in an all-round way,and especially to guide them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itself and social responsibility.An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of“memorizing machines”.We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life.英语翻译基础Part I.Phrase Translation(30points,1point for each)Section1Directions:Translate the following phrases into Chinese:。
2018年考研英语真题答案与解析
2018年考研英语真题答案与解读Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishAncient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health”. But 1(C.despite> some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does 2(D.produce> short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, 3(B.boosting> heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to 4(B.sustain>, a good laugh is unlikely to have 5(A.measurable> benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.6(B.In fact>, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the 7(A.opposite>. Studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter8(D.relaxes> muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.Such bodily reaction might conceivably help 9(C.moderate> the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of 10(A.physical> feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. 11(B.According to> one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted 12(C.in> physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry 13(D.because> they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.Although sadness also 14(C.precedes> tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow15(B.from> muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988, social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of Würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to 16(D.hold> a pen either with their teeth — thereby creating an artificial smile— or with their lips, which would producea(n> 17(A.disappointed> expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles18(D.reacted> more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, 19(A.suggesting> that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around. 20(C.Similarly>, the physical act of laughter could improve mood.古希腊哲学家亚里士多德认为笑是“一种身体运动，对健康来讲非常珍贵”.但是也有相反地观点，笑可能对身体健康影响甚微.笑声确实可以引起心脏和血管功能地短期变化，加快心跳和氧气消耗.但强笑很难保持，不可能以衡量散步或慢跑好处地方式来衡量大笑带来地好处.实际上，运动通过拉伸肌肉来锻炼肌肉，很明显笑却是相反.追溯到20世纪30年代地研究暗示：笑可放松肌肉，笑声消失后可减缓肌肉紧张，长达45分钟.笑可帮助减缓心理压力地不良影响.无论如何，笑这一行为确实引起其他方面地身体反应，并且改善了个人地情绪状态.根据关于情感地经典理论——感情部分地是根植于身体反应.19世纪末人们有一种争论，人并不是因为悲伤而哭，而当开始流下眼泪时，人才变得悲伤.尽管悲伤也会先于眼泪，有证据表明，一些情感可以来自肌肉反应.1988年发表地一个实验中，德国Würzburg大学地社会心理学家Fritz Strack要求实验对象或者用牙齿咬住笔——这样可人为地制造出微笑;或者用嘴唇咬住笔——这样可出现失望地表情.被迫练习微笑肌肉地实验对象，比紧闭双唇蹙着眉毛地实验对象，对滑稽动画片地表现更为积极活泼，这表明表情可影响情感，而并不是相反.同样道理，笑这一行为可改善情绪.【内容提要】本文围绕“笑”这一行为地功能展开话题，讨论了“笑”地作用：缓解肌肉压力，改善情绪.1.【正确答案】C【考查重点】语义衔接【解题过程】本题目考查介词.本文第一句话讲到了亚里士多德地观点：笑对于健康非常重要.接下来提及另外一种观点：笑对身体健康没什么影响.可见前后是转折地关系，选项C.de spite(“尽管”>符合句意，为正确答案.2.【正确答案】D【考查重点】词义辨析【解题过程】本题目考查动词地含义.选项A.reflect反应，反思;选项B.demand要求，命令;选项C. indicate暗含，暗示;选项D.produce产生，引起.本句话意为，笑确实能够引起心脏和血管功能地短期变化.因此D为正确答案.3.【正确答案】B【考查重点】语义衔接/词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目是动词地现在分词作伴随状语.前面主句意为“笑确实能够引起心脏和血管功能地短期变化”.考生要注意辨析四个动词地含义.选项A.stabilize是stable地动词形式，意为“使……安定，坚固”;选项B. boost提高，增加;选项C. impair损害，削弱;选项D.决定.考生可通过常识进行推断，一般情况下，笑使人激动，所以心跳加速，因此B为正确答案.4.【正确答案】B【考查重点】语义衔接/词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目考查动词地含义，考生要特别注意上下文关系.本句话比较了笑和散步、慢跑带来好处地不同方式.一般来讲，散步和慢跑都需要一定时间，而笑不一样，几秒钟即可结束.所以，散步和慢跑是可持续地，而笑是难以持续很久地.选项A.transmit传达，传送;选项B. sustain维持，经受，保持;选项C. evaluate评价，评估;选项D. observe观察，研究.所以B为正确答案.5.【正确答案】A【考查重点】语义衔接/词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目考查形容词地含义，考生要特别注意上下文关系.本句话中提及散步和慢跑带来地好处，而笑也能带来好处，这两种好处是不一样地.选项A.measurable可测量地;选项B. manageable易管理地，易控制地;选项C. affordable付得起地;选项D.renewable可更新地，可再生地.比较四个形容词地词义，只有A可与benefits(益处>搭配，为正确答案.6.【正确答案】B【考查重点】固定词组辨析【解题过程】本题目考查固定词组地意思.选项A. In turn依次，轮流，反过来;选项B. In fact事实上，实际;选项C. In addition附加，另外，还有;选项D. Inbrief简而言之，一般用在结论处.本句话具体讲述了笑对于放松肌肉地作用，是一种实际情况.7.【正确答案】A【考查重点】语义衔接【解题过程】本题目考查上下文关系.Instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the7.运动锻炼肌肉地方式是拉伸肌肉，原文中使用了insteadof这个短语表明笑锻炼肌肉地方式并非如此，而是相反.选项A中地opposite可做名词使用，意为“对立面”.8.【正确答案】D【考查重点】语义衔接【解题过程】本题目重点考查上下文关系，做题时要关注全句.上句提及笑锻炼肌肉地方式和运动锻炼肌肉地方式不同，并使用了strain作为运动锻炼肌肉地方式.此句提及20世纪30年代地研究结果，是关于笑对于肌肉地作用.这两句之间是对比关系，很明显strain地同义词都不作为可供选项，选项A和C(harden和tighten>都可看做是strain地同义词，“使肌肉紧张，坚硬”.选项B.weaken减弱，削弱;选项D. relax放松.运动是拉伸肌肉，让肌肉紧张，笑是使肌肉放松，所以D为正确答案.9.【正确答案】C【考查重点】语义衔接/词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目考查动词地词意.上一句话讲到，笑可以放松肌肉，笑是有好处地;本句话中提及心理压力地影响.由此，考生可以推断，所以笑这样地身体反应能减缓心理压力地影响.选项A.aggravate恶化，严重;选项B.generate产生，带来;选项C.moderate作为动词用，意为“使……稳定，使……缓和”;选项D.enhance提高，改进.笑可以缓和心理压力地影响，因此C为正确答案.10.【正确答案】A【考查重点】语义衔接【解题过程】本题目考查对本段整体地理解.本空选择形容词做feedback地定语.本句大意为，笑可以产生其他类型地反应，其后使用了定语从句来说明这些不同类型反应地作用：改善个人地情绪状态.由此考生可判断，这些反应肯定不是情感方面地.而下一句话接着讲，情感部分地根植于身体反应，暗示了本空地选择.可以判断A是正确答案.11.【正确答案】B【考查重点】固定短语辨析【解题过程】本题目考查固定短语地意思.选项A. exceptfor除……之外，要不是由于;选项B. according to根据，依据;选项C. dueto因为，由于，后面一般是不好地原因;选项D. asfor至于，关于，说到.本句话大意为，根据某一经典理论，情感部分地根植于身体反应中.所以B为正确答案.12.【正确答案】C【考查重点】惯用搭配【解题过程】本题目非常简单，考查惯用搭配.be rooted常和介词in搭配，构成短语be rooted in，后接名词，意为“深植于，根植于”.13.【正确答案】D【考查重点】逻辑衔接【解题过程】本题目主要考查句与句之间地关系.从语法上来看，it是形式主语，而that之后地从句是真正地主语.在这个主语从句中，but连接了前后两个句子，构成了表示对比关系地并列句.but之后地句子大意为，开始流泪时，人才变得悲伤.既然是对比关系，but之前地句子，应该表达相反地含义：人并不是因为悲伤而流泪.这两个短句之间是因果关系，D为正确答案.14.【正确答案】C【考查重点】语义衔接/词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目考查动词地词意.本段中讲到了一个实验，让实验对象故意做出笑地表情和失望地表情;随后让他们看动画片，微笑表情地实验对象表现更为积极活泼.由此可以判断不同地肌肉反应可带来不同地情感，或者可以这么说，情感是在肌肉反应之后地.本段地第一句话中使用了although，表明两句话之间是对比关系.此句中地sadness属于情感，tear属于具体地生理反应，所以此处情感应在具体地反应之前.选项A.exhaust使……筋疲力尽，耗尽;选项B.follow跟随，在……之后;选项C.precede在……之前，先于;选项D.suppress镇压，隐瞒，压制.C为正确答案.15.【正确答案】B【考查重点】语义衔接【解题过程】本题目考查介词.根据本段中地这个实验，可以推断，情感可以从肌肉反应中产生.根据上下文语义，B为正确答案.16.【正确答案】D【考查重点】词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目比较简单，考查简单动词地含义.选项A.fetch取来，强调过去把某物拿回来;选项B.bite咬;选项C.pick捡起，拾起来;选项D.hold拿住，持有.下文详细讲到，要用牙齿控制住笔，这样能特意做出微笑地表情，所以D为正确答案.17.【正确答案】A【考查重点】语义衔接【解题过程】本题目考查形容词地词意，考生要注意上下文地关系.句子前半句指出是制造微笑，中间连接用表转折地“or”可判断此外地表情肯定传达不高兴地含义.选项A.disappoint ed失望地;选项B.excited激动地;选项C. joyful兴高采烈地;选项D.indifferent漠不关心地.此空地表情应该是失望地.18.【正确答案】D【考查重点】词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目考查动词搭配.选项中地四个动词都可以和后面地介词to搭配，但意义大不相同.选项A.adapt和to搭配，一般地结构为adapt oneself to，或使用被动结构be adapted to， “改变某人以适应，适应”;选项B. cater和to搭配，一般地结构为cater to sth.，“迎合，满足……地需要”;选项C. turn和to搭配，一般地结构为turn to sb./sth. for help，“向某人或某物求助”;选项D.react和to搭配，“对……做出反应”.本句话强调实验对象在不同情况下观看卡通片地反应，D符合句意.19.【正确答案】A【考查重点】语义衔接/词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目考查动词辨析.本空所在地位置使用动词地现在分词结构作伴随状语.前一句话大意为：被迫练习微笑肌肉地实验对象，比紧闭双唇蹙着眉头地实验对象，对滑稽动画片地反应更为活泼积极.本空之后地宾语从句意为“表情可影响情感”.从这两句话来看，后面这一句总结了前面实验地结果.选项A.suggest暗示，暗含，说明;选项B.require要求，需要;选项C. mention提及，提到;选项D.suppose假设，假定.因此A为正确答案.20.【正确答案】C【考查重点】语义衔接/词汇辨析【解题过程】本题目考查副词地意思.考生要从上下文地语义衔接来进行推理判断.前一句话提及表情可影响情感，本句话讲到笑这一行为可提高情绪.比较这两句话，笑和表情对应，情绪和情感对应，所以两者地关系是相似地.选项A.Eventually最后，最终;选项B. Consequently因此，所以，强调因果关系;选项C.Similarly相似地，类似地;选项D.Conversely相反地.根据上下文地语义关系，C为正确答案.Section Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart AText 12009年纽约交响乐团突然宣布聘用AlanGilbert担任下一任指挥.从那时起一直到现在，这个决定已成为古典音乐界地热议话题.但是最起码，从总体上看反映还不错.冷静地古典音乐评论家AnthonyTommasini这样写道：“万岁!终于来了!”然而，这次任命令人意外.原因之一在于Gilbert名声相对较小.就连支持聘用Gilbert地Tomma sini也说Gilbert为人不张扬，没有指挥大师令人敬仰地气概.著名音乐家如GustavMahler和PierreBoulez，都曾管理过这个乐队.如此描述其下一任指挥家，这好比虚浮地赞扬，很有可能会让至少一部分泰晤士报地读者心里没底了.就我而言，我不知道Gilbert是不是一位伟大地指挥家，甚至也不敢确定他算不算好地指挥家.确实，他指挥过各种很好地乐曲，令人印象深刻.但是，我不一定非要去Avery Fisher Hall或者其他类似地方，才能听到好地管弦乐.我只要到CD架上，或随便打开电脑，从iTun es上就可下载录好地音乐，并且数量巨大.热衷参加音乐会地人认为，唱片不可替代现场表演.但是他们忽视了一个要点.为了赢得音乐爱好者地时间、注意力、金钱，古典乐曲表演家不仅要和各种表演机构(如剧院，舞蹈队，演出公司，博物馆>竞争，而且还要和20世纪伟大地古典音乐演奏者录好地表演唱片竞争.唱片很便宜，到处都买得到，甚至比现在很多现场音乐会地艺术质量要高.而且，听众能选择听唱片地时间和地点.这些唱片随手可得，使传统古典音乐会面临危机.对于古典音乐演奏者而言，还可以做地就是排练出唱片上没有地新曲目，引人注目.众所周知，Gilbert本人对新音乐兴趣很浓.古典音乐地批评家AlexRoss这样描述：他能够把纽约交响乐团变成一个“完全不同、更加有活力地组织”.但变化差异到底是什么?仅仅增加乐团演出地曲目是不够地.如果Gilbert和乐团想要成功，他们就必须先改变和处理好美国最古老地乐团(纽约交响乐团>和乐团想吸引地新观众之间地关系.文章概览第一段中心句：The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.第二段中心句：One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known.第三段中心句：To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.第四段中心句：The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.第五段中心句：If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.试题解读21. We learn from Paragraph 1 that Gilbert’s appointment has .[A]incurred criticism 引起批评[B]raised suspicion 遭到质疑[C]received acclaim 受到赞同[D]aroused curiosity 激发好奇心The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.【答案】 [C] 通过题干可将答案定位在文章地第一段.本段一开始就提及，任命Alan Gilbert为下一任音乐指挥已成为古典音乐界谈论地焦点.接下来，文中提到了对这一任命地反应：总体上来讲，反应还是不错地.原文使用了形容词favorable，四个选项中，只有选项C中地acclaim和favorable是同义，意为“喝彩，欢呼，赞同”.所以C为正确答案.22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is .[A]influential 有权势地，有影响地[B]modest 谦虚地[C]respectable 受人尊敬地[D]talented 很有天分地One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.”【答案】[B]通过题干可将答案定位到第二段地第二句话，“就连支持聘用Gilbert地Tommasi ni，也称Gilbert并不张扬，没有指挥大师令人敬仰地气概”.同时，第二段地第一句话讲到Gi lbert名气较小，由此可以断定A是不正确地.选项C和选项D在文中根本没有提及.而选项B中地m odest和原文中地unpretentious(意为“不炫耀地，含蓄地，谦虚地”>同义，为正确答案.23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoers .[A]ignore the expenses of live performances 忽视现场表演地成本[B]reject most kinds of recorded performances 拒绝大部分地录制表演[C]exaggerate the variety of live performances 夸大现场表演地种类[D]overestimate the value of live performances 高估现场表演地价值Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing the point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.【答案】[D] 根据题干中地the devotedconcertgoers，可将答案定位在文章地第四段.第四段主要讲述了古典音乐现场表演地现状和竞争对手，分析了唱片地优势，最后得出结论：这些唱片随手可得，给传统地古典音乐会带来了危机.选项A在文中并没有提及;文中第一句话只是说唱片不能够替代现场表演，所以B为错误选项;选项C是个干扰项，文章并没有提到现场演出地种类;文章第一句话是the devoted concertgoers地观点，他们认为唱片并不能取代现场表演，而作者却详细说明了唱片地优势，如：便宜、容易买到、艺术质量高等等，从另一方面暗示现场表演地价值并不像the devoted concertgoers 认为地那么高，由此可判断D为正确选项.24. According to the text, which of the following is true of recordings?[A]They are often inferior to live concerts in quality.它们要比现场音乐会地质量低.[B]They are easily accessible to the general public.公众更容易得到.[C]They help improve the quality of music.它们帮助提升音乐质量.[D]They have only covered masterpieces.它们仅仅涵括经典曲目.There recordings are cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today’s live performances; moreover, they can be “consumed” at a time and place of the listener’s choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus bro ught about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.【答案】[B]根据题干中地recordings，可将答案定位在文章地第四段.第四段详细说明了唱片地种种好处.原文中讲，它们地艺术质量要比目前现场表演地高，由此判断A为错误选项;选项C和D在文中都没有提及.第四段中讲，唱片便宜，随处可得，原文中使用了形容词avai lable、名词availability，意为“可得到地”.选项B中地accessible和available是同义词.25. Regarding Gilbert s role in revitalizing the Philharmonic, the author feels .[A]doubtful 怀疑地[B]enthusiastic 热情地[C]confident 有信心地[D]puzzled 迷惑地For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To besure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit Avery Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music.But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expandin g the orchestra’s repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America’s oldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.【答案】[A]本题考查作者地态度，要在全文理解地基础上进行推理判断.本文首先讲纽约交响乐团聘用了一位新地音乐指挥Gilbert，成为古典音乐界讨论地焦点;随后有评论家介绍了这一位音乐指挥Gilbert;接着作者陈述了自己地观点，不管他是不是一位优秀地指挥家，作者都没有必要一定去看现场表演;随后作者讨论了现场表演地现状和竞争压力，分析了唱片地优势;文章最后，作者认为Gilbert只靠增加表演曲目，那是不够地.通观全文，作者以个人为例进行分析，乐团换不换指挥对自己欣赏音乐没有多大影响，同时他对Gilbert能否成功心存怀疑.选项D是干扰项，puzzled强调“困惑，不明白，不理解”.Text 2八月份，美国银行总裁LiamMcGee离职.他地解释直白，出人意料.他并没有用惯常地模糊地理由来遮掩其离开，而是很坦诚地解释，离开就是为了追求自己地目标——经营公司.McGee说，是自己决定实现自己地雄心壮志.两周后，他和Hartford Financial Services Group地董事会进行首次会谈，该公司于9月29日提名他为董事会主席和CEO.McGee说，离开时并没有找好以后地工作(下家>，这样他有时间反思到底想经营什么样地公司.同时也给了外界一个清晰地信号：他地激情和志向.这样做地人不只McGee一个.最近几周，Avon和AmericanExpress地第二把手离职，并且说想找CEO地职位.董事会迫于股东地压力，仔细审查一系列地计划，计划被否掉地经理也想离开.激烈地商业环境使高级经理很小心，以免模糊表态破坏声誉.经济复苏已经显露并稳定下来，二把手可能更愿意在没有新职位地情况下换掉目前地工作.根据Liberum地调查，第三季度，由于紧张地董事会紧盯着CEO，CEO地更换和一年前相比下降了23%.随着经济地复苏和好转，对有理想地头儿们，机会很多.离开高级管理地职位去寻找一个更好地，并不是传统地做法.多年以来，经理和猎头都认同这样一个原则：最有吸引力地CEO，是那些需要拼命去挖来地人.Korn/Ferry地高级管理人员DennisCarey说道，“每一次招聘，我都会按照董事会地指示，首先从在任地CEO中寻找合适人选.”那些没有找到工作就离任地人并不是很快就能找到特别满意地职位.10年前，Ellen Marram以经理地身份离开Tropicana，她说想当CEO.但是一年之后她才成为一家小型互联网交换公司地领导.2005年RobertWillumstad带着成为CEO地梦想离开了Citigroup;三年后他才成为一主要金融机构地CEO.很多招聘地人都说，对于高级管理人员而言，过去被认为丢脸地事情正慢慢改变.金融危机使跳槽、离开原本不好地工作变得更加可以接受.一个猎头说：“传统地规则是待在原来地职位会更加安全.现在已彻底改变.受伤最重地人，就是在一个职位上呆得最久地人.”文章概览第一段中心句：Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company”. Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says.第二段中心句：McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn’t alone.第三段中心句：As the economy picks up, opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.第四段中心句：The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.第五段中心句：Those who jumped without a job haven’t always landed in top positions quickly.第六段中心句：Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.试题解读26. When McGee announced his departure, his manner can best be described as being .[A]arrogant 高傲地[B]frank 直率地[C]self-centered 自我为中心地[D]impulsive 冲动地When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says.【答案】[B]根据题干关键词“McGee announced hisdeparture”，可将答案定位在文章地第一段.第一段中讲，LiamMcGee以美国银行总裁地身份离职，谈及离职原因时非常直白，并没有含糊其辞.原文中使用了固定短语straight up，意为“直率地，真实地”，还有固定短语rightout，意为“明白地，坦率地”.由此可判断，McGee地态度非常明确，选项B中地形容词frank 和原文同义.27. According to Paragraph 2, senior executives quitting may be spurred by .[A]their expectation of better financial status他们对更高经济地位地期待[B]their need to reflect on their private life他们反思个人生活地需要[C]their strained relations with the boards他们和董事会紧张地关系[D]their pursuit of new career goals他们对新事业目标地追求McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn’t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 exe cutives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on.【答案】[D]通过题干，可将答案定位在文章地第二段.第二段首先讲述了McGee这么做地原因：有时间反思一下自己到底想管理什么样地公司;随后文中举了其他几个例子，Avon和AmericanExpress地高层管理人员，他们致力于CEO地职位.由此可以推断，他们想追求新地事业目标.题干中地spur是个动词，意为“刺激，鞭策，促进”，选项D为正确答案.28. The word “poached” (Line 3, Paragraph 4> most probably means .[A]approved of 赞同[B]attended to 注意，照料[C]hunted for 寻找[D]guarded against 防止，防范The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones wh o must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey: “I can’t think of a single search I’ve done …”【答案】[C]本题是一道词汇解读题，要注意整段话地含义，根据题干可将答案定位在文章地第四段.第四段主要讲述，离开现在地职位去寻找更好地，这并不是传统地做法;猎头遵循一个原则：最具魅力地CEO是那些需要poached地人.此处原文使用了headhunter这个词，hun ter原意是“猎手，猎人”，而此处意为“搜寻者”，他们是为公司寻找最好地管理人员.而hunte r来自于动词hunt，hunt常和for连用，hunt for意为“寻找，搜寻”，所以选项C为正确答案.29. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .[A]top performers used to cling to their posts高层管理人员过去一直呆在自己地职位上[B]loyalty of top performers is getting out-dated高层管理人员地忠诚正慢慢过时[C]top performers care more about reputations高层管理人员更关注名声[D]it’s safer to stick to the traditional rules坚持传统原则更安全Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it’s safer to stay where you are, but that’s been fundamentally inverted,” says one headhunter. “The people who’ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”【答案】[A]根据题干，可将答案定位在文章地最后一段.末段第一句话讲，对于高级管理人员而言，过去被认为丢脸地事情正慢慢消失;随后文章提及过去地原则：呆在原来地职位上更为安全.由此可以推断，过去地高层管理人员一直呆在自己地位置上.文中接着讲，金融危机让跳槽变得更容易接受，也就是说，过去认为跳槽很不光彩(disgrace>，而现在却很容易接受.选项A符合原文;选项B中地忠诚并没有在原文中提及;最后一段并未提到选项D;而选项D刚好和原文相反.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs: Where to Go?CEOs：何去何从?[B]CEOs: All the Way Up?CEOs：一路高升?。
2016年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题,考研大纲,考研复试分数线
2016年翻译硕士考研真题广东外语外贸大学考研真题，育明教育学员回忆1.基础英语（211）一、选择题1*30分难度较高，跟我们平时做的专四词汇不一样，感觉像是从外刊上直接摘抄下来的句子，有几句是从同一篇摘抄出来的。
考点语法点并不是很明晰，做这30道题我用了半个多小时……感觉广外这两年风格越来越偏向务实了。
二、阅读题4篇文章，共40分材料生词较多，内容也比较新颖，感觉还是从外刊上摘出来的文章。
但是题不难。
三、写作30分题目大概是“some people believe that if a couple have a regular job,they will have a more harmonious family relationship,while others have totally different opinion.”让你针对此观点写一篇400词的作文，这里的a regular job个人感觉不好理解，考场上我内心那个纠结的呀……2.翻译基础（357）一、词汇翻译（）【汉译英】1*151大众创业2中澳自贸协定3一带一路4城镇化5世界反法西斯战争6新常态7命运共同体8经济发展快车道9产能过剩10多边贸易体系11千年发展目标12生态足迹13董事总经理14商务部部长助理15区域经济一体化【英译汉】1*151United Nations Economic and Social Council2pro vice chancellor3the ASEAN Community4mutural but distinctive responsibility5corrupt fugitive repatriation6crowdfunding platform7global governance8shale gas9postdoctoral fellow10social inclusiveness11multimodal transportation12credit crunch13White House Chief of Staff14The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine15Commonwealth of Nations二、篇章翻译2*60【英译汉】讲的是有关现金流的现象，有一些词注意一下cash outflow/inflow, negative（负）positive（正），和金融有关系，然后又说你自己本身就是一个project，教育就是你的投资等等。
2010-2013 广外MTI真题回忆整理打印版
广东外贸2010年MTI硕士入学考试第1卷：基础英语Part 1: Grammar and V ocabulary. （30 P）01. Although she gives badly ____ titles to her musical compositions, they ____ unusual combinations of materials including classical music patterns and rhythms, electronic sounds, and bird songs.A. conventional / incorporateB. eccentric / deployC. traditional / excludeD. imaginative / disguise02. Even though the folktales Perroult collected and retold were not solely French in origin, his versions of them were so decidedly French in style that later anthologies of French folktales have never ____ them.A. excludedB. admiredC. collectedD. comprehended03. In arguing against assertions that environmental catastrophe is imminent, her book does not ridicule all predictions of doom but rather claims that the risks of harm have in many cases been ____.A. exaggeratedB. ignoredC. scrutinizedD. derided04. There seems to be no ____ the reading public’s thirst for books about the 1960’s: indeed, the normal level of interest has ____ recently because of a spate of popular television documentaries.A. quenching / moderatedB. whetting / mushroomedC. slaking / increasedD. ignoring / transformed05. Despite a tendency to be overtly ____, the poetry of the Middle Ages often sparks the imagination and provides lively entertainment, as well as pious sentiments.A. divertingB. emotionalC. didacticD. romantic06. One of the first ____ of reduced burning in Amazon rain forests was the chestnut industry: smoke tends to drive out the insect that, by pollinating chestnut tree, allow chestnuts to develop.A. reformersB. discoveriesC. casualtiesD. beneficiaries07. The research committee urged the archaeologist to ____ her claim that the tomb she has discovered was that of Alexander the Great, since her initial report has been based only on ____.A. disseminate / suppositionB. withdraw / evidenceC. undercut / capriceD. document / conjecture08. Although Heron is well known for the broad comedy in the movies she has directed previously, her new film is less inclined to ____: the gags are fewer and subtler.A. understatementB. preciosityC. symbolismD. melodrama09. Bebop’s legacy is ____ one: bebop may have won jazz the right to be taken seriously as an art form, but it ____ jazz’s mass audience, which turned to other forms of music such as rock and pop.A. a mixed / alienatedB. a troubled / seducedC. an ambiguous / aggrandizedD. a valuable / refined10. The exhibition’s importance lies in its ____: curators have g athered a diverse array of significant works from many different museums.A. homogeneityB. sophistryC. scopeD. farsightedness11. Despite the fact that the commission’s report treats a vitally important topic, the report will be____ read because its prose is so ____ that understanding it requires an enormous effort.A. seldom / transparentB. carefully / pellucidC. little / turgidD. eagerly / digressive12. Carleton would still rank among the great ____ of nineteenth century American art even if the circumstance of her life and career were less ____ than they are.A. celebrities / obscureB. failures / illustriousC. charlatans / impeccableD. enigmas / mysterious13. Although based on an actual event, the film lacks ____: the director shuffles events, simplifies the tangle of relationships, and ____ documentary truth for dramatic power.A. conviction / embracesB. expressiveness / exaggeratesC. verisimilitude / sacrificesD. realism / substitutes14. When Adolph Ochs became the publisher of The New York Times, he endowed the paper witha uniquely ____ tone, avoiding the ____ editorials that characterized other major papers of the time.A. abstruse / scholarlyB. dispassionate / shrillC. argumentative / tendentiousD. cosmopolitan / timely15. There are as good fish in the sea ____ ever came out of it.A. thanB. likeC. asD. so16. All the President’s Men ____ one of the important books for historians who study the Watergate Scandal.A. remainB. remainsC. remainedD. is remaining17. “You ____ borrow my notes provided you take care of them”, I told my friend.A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can18. If only the patient ____ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might still be alive now.A. had receivedB. receivedC. should receiveD. were receiving19. Linda was ____ the experiment a month ago, but she changed her mind at the last minute.A. to startB. to have startedC. to be startingD. to have been starting20. She ____ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must beB. had beenC. could beD. must have been21. It is not ____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. thatB. asC. soD. very22. The committee has anticipated the problems that ____ in the road construction project.A. ariseB. will ariseC. aroseD. have arisen23. The student said there were a few points in the essay he ____ impossible to comprehend.A. had foundB. findsC. has foundD. would find24. He would have finished his college education, but he ____ to quit and find a job to support his family.A. had hadB. hasC. hadD. would have25. The research requires more money than ____.A. have been put inB. has been put inC. being put inD. to be put in26. Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably ____ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction.A. no moreB. not moreC. even moreD. much more27. It is not uncommon for there ____ problems of communication between the old and the young.A. beingB. would beC. beD. to be28. ____ at in his way, the situation does not seem so desperate.A. LookingB. LookedC. Being lookedD. To look29. It is absolutely essential that William ____ his study in spite of some learning difficulties.A. will continueB. continuedC. continueD. continues30. The painting he bought at the street market the other day was a _____ forgery.A. man-madeB. naturalC. crudeD. realPart 2: Reading Comprehension. （40 P）Passage AOn New Year’s Day, 50,000 inmates in Kenyan jails went without lunch. This was not some mass hunger strike to highlight poor living conditions. It was an extraordinary humanitarian gesture: the money that would have been spent on their lunches went to the charity Food Aid to help feed an estimated 3. 5 million Kenyans who, because of a severe drought, are threatened with starvation. The drought is big news in Africa, affecting huge areas of east Africa and the Horn. If you are reading this in the west, however, you may not be aware of it—the media is not interested in old stories. Even if you do know about the drought, you may not be aware that it is devastating one group of people disproportionately: the pastoralists. There are 20 million nomadic or semi-nomadic herders in this region, and they are fast becoming some of the poorest people in the continent. Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.How so? It comes down to the reluctance of governments, aid agencies and foreign lenders to support the herders’ traditional way of life. Instead they have tended to try to turn them into commercial ranchers or agriculturalists, even though it has been demonstrated time and again that pastoralists are well adapted to their harsh environments, and that moving livestock according to the seasons or climatic changes makes their methods far more viable than agriculture in sub-Saharan drylands.Furthermore, African pastoralist systems are often more productive, in terms of protein and cash per hectare, than Australian, American and other African ranches in similar climatic conditions. They make a substantial contribution to their countries’ national economies. In Kenya, for example, the turnover of the pastoralist sector is worth $800 million per year. In countries such as Burkina Faso, Eritrea and Ethiopia, hides from pastoralists’ herds make up over 10 per cent of export earnings. Despite this productivity, pastoralists still starve and their animals perish when drought hits. One reason is that only a trickle of the profits goes to the herders themselves; thelion’s share is pocketed by traders. This is partly because the herders only sell much of their stock during times of drought and famine, when they need the cash to buy food, and the terms of trade in this situation never work in their favour. Another reason is the lack of investment in herding areas.Funding bodies such as the World Bank and-USAID tried to address some of the problems in the 1960s, investing millions o f dollars in commercial beef and dairy production. It didn’t work. Firstly, no one bothered to consult the pastoralists about what they wanted. Secondly, rearing livestock took precedence over human progress. The policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors. They were based on two false assumptions: that pastoralism is primitive and inefficient, which led to numerous failed schemes aimed at converting herders to modern ranching models; and that Africa’s drylands can support commercial ranching. They cannot. Most of Africa’s herders live in areas with unpredictable weather systems that are totally unsuited to commercial ranching.What the pastoralists need is support for their traditional lifestyle. Over the past few years, funders and policy-makers have been starting to get the message. One example is intervention by governments to ensure that pastoralists get fair prices for their cattle when they sell them in times of drought, so that they can afford to buy fodder for their remaining livestock and cereals to keep themselves and their families alive（the problem in African famines is not so much a lack of food as a lack of money to buy it）. Another example is a drought early-warning system run by the Kenyan government and the World Bank that has helped avert livestock deaths.This is all promising, but more needs to be done. Some African governments still favour forcing pastoralists to settle. They should heed the latest scientific research demonstrating the productivity of traditional cattle-herding. Ultimately, sustainable rural development in pastoralist areas will depend on increasing trade, so one thing going for them is the growing demand for livestock products: there will likely be an additional 2 billion consumers worldwide by 2020, the vast majority in developing countries. To ensure that pastoralists benefit, it will be crucial to give them a greater say in local policies. Other key tasks include giving a greater say to women, who play critical roles in livestock production. The rich world should pay proper attention to the plight of the pastoralists. Leaving them dependent on foreign food aid is unsustainable and will lead to more resentment, conflict, environmental degradation and malnutrition. It is in the rich world’s interests to help out.01. Which of the following CANNOT be concluded from the passage?A. Forcing Africa’s nomadic herders to become ranchers will save them from drought.B. The difference between pastoralist and agriculturalist is vital to the African people.C. The rich world should give more support to the African people to overcome drought.D. Environmental degradation should be the major concern in developing Africa’s pastoralism.02. The word “encapsulates”in the sentence “Their plight encapsulates Africa’s perennial problem with drought and famine.”（para. l）can be replaced by ____.A. concludes.B. involves.C. represents.D. aggravates.03. What is the author’s attitude toward African drought and traditional lifestyle of pastoralism?A. Neutral and indifferent.B. Sympathetic and understanding.C. Critical and vehement.D. Subjective and fatalistic.04. When the author writes “the policies and strategies of international development agencies more or less mirrored the thinking of their colonial predecessors.”（para. 4）, he implies all the following EXCEPT that the aid agencies did not ____.A. have an objective view of the situation in AfricaB. understand the unpredictable weather systems thereC. feel themselves superior in decision makingD. care about the development of the local people05. The author’s main purpose in writing this article is ____.A. to evaluate the living conditions of Kenyan pastoralistsB. to give suggestions on the support of the traditional pastoralism in AfricaC. to illustrate the difference between commercial ranching and pastoralismD. to criticize the colonial thinking of western aid agenciesPassage BCivil-Liberties advocates reeling from the recent revelations on surveillance had something else to worry about last week: the privacy of the billions of search queries made on sites like Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft. As part of a long-running court case, the government has asked those companies to turn over information on its users’search behavior. All but Google have handed over data, and now the Department of Justice（DOJ）has moved to compel the search giant to turn over the goods.What makes this case different is that the intended use of the information is not related to national security, but the government’s continuing attempt to police Internet pornography. In 1998, Congress passed the Child Online Protection Act（COPA）, but courts have blocked its implementation due to First Amendment concerns. In its appeal, the DOJ wants to prove how easy it is to inadvertently stumble upon pore. In order to conduct a controlled experiment—to be performed by a UC Berkeley professor of statistics—the DOJ wants to use a large sample of actual search terms from the different search engines. It would then use those terms to do its own searches, employing the different kinds of filters each search engine offers, in an attempt to quantify how often “material that is harmful to minors” might appear. Google contends that since it is not a party to the case, the government has not right to demand its proprietary information to perform its test. “We intend to resist their motion vigorously,” said Google attorney Nicole Wong. DOJ spokesperson Charles Miller says that the government is requesting only the actual search terms, and not anything that would link the queries to those who made them. （The DOJ is also demanding a list of a million Web sites that Google indexes to determine the degree to which objectionable sites are searched. ）Originally, the government asked for a treasure trove of all searches made in June and July 2005; the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth ofsearch queries.One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case. If the built-in filters that each search engine provides are effective in blocking porn sites, the government will have wound up proving what the opposition has said all along—you don’t need to suppress speech to protect minors on the Net. “We think that our filtering technology does a good job protecting minors from inadvertently seeing adult content,”says Ramez Naam, group program manager of MSN Search.Though the government intends to use these data specifically for its COPA-related test, it’s possible that the information could lead to further investigations and, perhaps, subpoenas to find out who was doing the searching. “What if certain search terms indicated that people were contemplating terrorist actions or other criminal activities?” Says the DOJ’s Miller, “I’m assuming that if something raised alarms, we would hand it over to the proper autho rities.” Privacy advocates fear that if the government request is upheld, it will open the door to further government examination of search behavior. One solution would be for Google to stop storing the information, but the company hopes to eventually use the personal information of consenting customers to improve search performance. “Search is a window into people’s personalities,” says Kurt Opsahl, an Electronic Frontier Foundation attorney. “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without w orrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”01. When the American government asked Google, AOL, Yahoo and Microsoft to turn over information on its users’ search behavior, the major intention is ____.A. to protect national securityB. to help protect personal freedomC. to monitor Internet pornographyD. to implement the Child Online Protection Act02. Google refused to turn over “its proprietary information”（para. 2）required by DOJ as it believes that ____.A. it is not involved in the court caseB. users’ privacy is most importantC. the government has violated the First AmendmentD. search terms is the company’s business secret03. The phrase “scaled back to”in the sentence “the request has been scaled back to one week’s worth of search queries”（para. 3）can be replaced by ____.A. maximized toB. minimized toC. returned toD. reduced to04. In the sentence “One oddity about the DOJ’s strategy is that the experiment could conceivably sink its own case.”（para. 4）, the expression “sink its own case”most probably means that ____.A. counterattack the oppositionB. lead to blocking of porn sitesC. provide evidence to disprove the caseD. give full ground to support the case05. When Kurt Opsahl says that “They should be able to take advantage of the Internet without worrying about Big Brother looking over their shoulders.”（para. 5）, the expression “Big Brother”is used to refer to ____.A. a friend or relative showing much concernB. a colleague who is much more experiencedC. a dominating and all-powerful ruling powerD. a benevolent and democratic organizationPart 3: Answering Questions. （20 P）Passage AMillions of elderly Germans received a notice from the Health & Social Security Ministry earlier this month that struck a damaging blow to the welfare state. The statement informed them that their pensions were being cut. The reductions come as a stop-gap measure to control Germany’s ballooning pension crisis. Not surprisingly, it was an unwelcome change for senior citizens such as Sabine Wetzel, a 67-year-old retired bank teller, who was told her state pension would be cut by $12. 30, or 1% to $1,156. 20 a month. “It was a real shock,” she says. “My pension had always gone up in the past.”There’s more bad news on the way. On Mar. 11, Germany’s lower house of Parliament passed a bill gradually cutting state pensions—which have been rising steadily since World War II—from 53% of average wages now to 46% by 2020. And Germany is not alone. Governments across Western Europe are racing to curb pension benefits. In Italy, the government plans to raise the minimum retirement age from 57 to 60, while France will require that civil servants put in 40 years rather than 37. 5 to qualify for a full pension. The reforms are coming despite tough opposition from unions, leftist politicians, and pensioners’ groups.The explanation is simple: Europeans are living longer and having fewer children. By 2030 there will only be two workers per pensioner, compared with four in 2000. With fewer young workers paying into the system, cuts are being made to cover a growing shortfall. The gap between money coming in and payments going out could top $10 billion this year in Ger many alone. “In the future, a state pension alone will no longer be enough to maintain the living standards employees had before they retired,” says German Health & Social Security Minister Ulla Schmidt. Says Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti: “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves.”Of course, those population trends have been forecast for years. Some countries, such as Britain and the Netherlands, have responded by making individuals and their employers assume more of the responsibility for pensions. But many Continental governments dragged their feet. Now, the rapid runup in costs is finally forcing them to act. State-funded pension payments make up around 12% of gross domestic product in Germany and France and 15% in Italy—two percentage points more than 20 years ago. Pensions account for an average 21% of government spending across the European Union. The U. S. Social Security system, by contrast, consumes just 4.8% of GDP. Therising cost is having serious repercussio ns on key European nations’ commitments to fiscal restraint. “Governments have no choice but to make pension reform a priority,” says Antonio Cabral, deputy director of the European Commission’s Directorate General for Economic & Financial Affairs.Just as worrisome is the toll being exacted on the private sector, corporate contributions to state pension systems—which make up 19. 5% of total gross pay in Germany—add to Europe’s already bloated labor costs. That, in turn, blunts manufacturers’ competitivene ss and keeps unemployment rates high. According to the Institute of German Economics in Cologne, benefit costs reached a record 41. 7% of gross wages in Germany last year, compared with 37.4% a decade before. French cement manufacturer Lafarge says pension cost of $121 million contributed to a 9% fall in operating profits last year.To cope, Germany and most of its EU partners are using tax breaks to encourage employees to put money into private pension schemes. But even if private pensions become more popular, European governments will have to increase minimum retirement ages and reduce public pensions. While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the next generation of retirees may look back on their parents’ pension checks with envy.QuestionsParaphrase Italian Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti’s statement “The welfare state is producing too few cradles and too few graves”? What is implied by the last sentence of the passage “While today’s seniors complain about reduced benefits, the next gene ration of retirees may look back on their parents’ pension checks with envy”?Passage BIn the old days, it was all done with cakes. For Marcel Proust, it was a visit to Mother’s for tea and madeleines that provided the access to “the vast structure of recollection” that was to become his masterpiece on memory and nostalgia, “Remembrance of Past Things.” These days, it’s not necessary to evoke the past: you can’t move without tripping over it.In an age zooming forward technologically, why are all the backward glances? The Oxford English Dictionary’s first definition of nostalgia reads: “acute longing for familiar surroundings; severe homesickness.” With the speed of computers doubling every 18 months, and the net doubling in size in about half that, no w onder we’re aching for familiar surroundings. Since the cornerstone of the Information Age is change, anything enduring becomes precious. “People are looking for something authentic,” says McLaren. Trouble is, nostalgia has succumbed to trends in marketing, demographics and technology. “Nostalgia ain’t what it used to be,” says Michael J. Wolf, senior partner at Booz-Allen & Hamilton in New York. “These are the new good old days.” Baby boomers form the core of the nostalgia market. The boomers, defined by American demographers as those born between 1946 and 1964, are living long and prosperous lives. In both Europe and America, they remain the Holy Grail for admen, and their past has become everyone’s present. In a study on “entertainment imprinting,” two A merican marketing professors, Robert Schindler and Morris Holbrook, asked people ranging in age from 16 to 86 which popular music from the past they liked best. People’s favorite songs, they found, tended to be those that were popular when they were about 24, with their affection for pop songs diminishing on either side of that age. Doubtless Microsoft knows about entertainment imprinting, or at least nostalgia. Thecompany hawks its latest Explorer to the strains of Simon and Garfunkel’s “Homeward Bound,” just as it launched Windows 98 to the tune of “Start Me up” by the Rolling Stones. Boomers remember both tunes from their 20s.If boomers are one market that values memories, exiles are another. According to the International Organization of Migration, more than 150 million people live today in a country other than the one where they were born—double the number that did so in 1965. This mass movement has sources as dire as tyranny and as luxurious as the freedoms of an EU passport. But exiles and refugees share one thing: homes left behind. Type in “nostalgia” on the search engine Google, and one of the first sites that pop up is the nostalgia page of The Iranian, an online site for Iran’s exiles, most of whom fled after 1978’s Islamic revolution. Perhaps t he savviest exploitation of nostalgia has been the secondhand-book site alibris. com, which features stories of clients’ rediscovering long-lost books on it. One John Mason Mings writes of the glories of finding a book with information on “Kickapoo Joy Juice,” ad dreaded medicine of his youth. A Pennsylvanian waxes over alibris’s recovery of his first-grade primer” Down cherry Street.” The Net doesn’t merely facilitate nostalgia—it promotes it. Web-based auction houses have helped jump-start markets for vintage items, form marbles to Apple Macintoshes.Cutting-edge technology, designed to be transient, has even bred its own instanostalgia. Last year a $666 Apple I went for $18,000 to a British collector at a San Francisco auction. “Historic! Microsoft Multi plan for Macintosh” crows one item on eBay’s vintage Apple section. Surf to The Net Nostalgia Quiz to puzzle over questions like “In the old days, Altavista used to have which one of these URLs?”Those who don’t remember their history are condemned to rep eat it. Or so entertainment moguls hope, as they market “70s TV hits like “Charlie’s Angels” and “Scooby Doo,” out next year, to a generation that can’t remember them the first time round. If you’ve missed a Puff Daddy track or a “Sopranos” episode, panic not. The megahits of today are destined to be the golden oldies of 2020, says Christopher Nurko of the branding consultant FutureBrand. “I guarantee you, Madonna’s music will be used to sell everything,” he says. “God help me, I hope it’s not selling insurance.” It could be. When we traffic in the past, nothing’s sacred.QuestionsExplain the beginning sentence “In the old days, it was all done with cakes.” What is the other big group besides baby boomers which values memories? What do these people share? What is “nostalgia market”? What do they sell in the nostalgia market?Part 4: Writing. （30 P）Please reflect on the following opinion and write an essay of about 400 words elaborating your view with a well-defined title.Some people believe the key of the reform in the education system is a well-shared awareness that educations is there, instead of simply offering the knowledge important to the students, to improve the students in an all-round way, and especially to guide them to a careful pondering over such fundamental issues as life itself and social responsibility. An undue emphasis on knowledge-education and the resultant ignorance over the guidance to the students to a proper understanding of life will bring us nothing but a large number of “memorizing machines”. We can never expect a group of young people well prepared for the real social life.。
广东外语外贸大学考研英语专业真题（回忆版）
广东外语外贸大学考研英语专业真题（回忆版）写作与翻译：SUMMARY：FACEBOOK and LINKIN are powerful tools for job hunter.Writing:borrowing money from a friend can harm or damage friendship. do you agree or not?英译中：关于读书，不光要读小说，还要读其它方面的书。
中译英：21世纪是全球化的世纪。
我们不光要学习全球化的文化，还要把本国的文化推向世界。
如果说东道20世纪是美国，19世纪是英国世纪，18世纪是法国世纪。
从6世纪到13世纪是中国世纪或唐宋世纪。
唐宋六百多年期间，中国的政治制度先进，经济繁荣，文化。
在唐宋全盛时间，中国依靠“礼义”治国。
礼是自然外在的规则，义是自然内在的和谐；礼是义的外在，义是仁的外在；做人要讲仁义，治国要靠礼义。
1、真的，生活并不完全是你看到的样子，很多大事情你经历了却并不知道。
如果你知道了这些，你大概就不会对现在的得与失太在意了。
没错，每个人都不是步步摔跟头的倒霉蛋，更没有人是一帆风顺的命运的宠儿。
看淡那些事情，平静而踏实地经历生活的起落，相信你会生活得更好。
2、男人最酷的时光都在他们还是穷光蛋的时候。
疯狂、理想、执着、孤注一掷、大开大合。
3、距离常是能够产生美，无间的亲密只会令双方窒息，无论朋友还是爱人，别爱的太近。
爱的艺术就像风筝，只有给它风一般的自由，你才会看到它飞舞在蓝天的景致。
4、总有一次流泪让我们瞬间长大。
没有丢过东西的人，永远不会了解失去的感觉。
5、出门在外，不论别人给你热脸还是冷脸，都没关系。
外面的世界，尊重的是背景、而非人本身。
朋友之间，不论热脸还是冷脸，也都没关系。
真正的交情，交得是内心、而非脸色。
不必过于在意人与人之间一些表面的情绪。
挚交之人不需要、泛交之人用不着。
“情绪”这东西，你不在乎，它就伤不到你。
——苏芩6、所谓勇气，就是不断经历失败，但是从不丧失热情。
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2018年广东外语外贸大学翻译硕士考研真题回忆及分析
翻译硕士考研结束后，勤思教研室老师结合学员的真题回忆，做了部分院校的真题分析，今天老师给大家带来的是18年广东外语外贸大学的翻硕真题，有计划在19年考广外的宝宝们，要擦亮双眼喽~
211翻硕英语：
单选很难，题干句子结构复杂，每个选项也比较长。
tips：需要合理安排时间，单选部分不能耽误太长时间，否则后边阅读写不完；
阅读理解40分，前两篇是选择，难度系数不大，后两篇是问答（任务型阅读），难度一般。
作文题目：有人说机器翻译越来越完美，你认为能否取代pure human work? What’s your view? Write an essay not less than 400words with an elaborate title……
【分析】结合211真题回忆我们不难看出，广外的211焦点基本上都在单选部分，单选较难，阅读考察单选和问答两种形式，难度一般。
同时要说的是今年广外的作文，考察的是机器翻译能否取代人类的问题，也就是机器和人的问题，这个问题是今年考的比较多，也比较热的，因此在19年备考的时候，方向要侧重社会热点问题。
357英语翻译基础：
Part one 短语汉译英
新时代中国特色社会主义
人力资源部和社会保障部
中国科学院
十九大
国家旅游局
贸易自由化
非政府组织
全面战略伙伴关系
和平共处
全球治理
中国（上海）自由贸易区
零和游戏
外商直接投资
香港特别行政区
千家发展目标
Part two短语英译汉
Greater Mekong Sub-region
Digital divide
Demographic dividend
World Economic Forum
Stem cell research
Natural reserve
The Latin America and the Caribbe
Gulf Cooperation Council
Economic deleveraging
Nuclear non-proliferation
Food and Agriculture Organization
Special drawing rights
Internet of Things
Quantitive easing
Ecological footprint
段落翻译英译汉好像是选自The Genius of Science: A Portrait Gallery
开头一句是：No one will understand history without continually relating long periods to the experiences of our own short life......只记得一句，广外一贯的风格初试不考文学翻译
段落翻译汉译英
从近年来的版画作品展来看，中国版画已经突破以往“小幅创作，难当大任”的固话印象，在形式语言推陈出新，创作主题多元探索，尤其是超大尺幅的创作等方面实现了跨越式
发展，重大历史题材，现实题材领域涌现出一批优秀作品。
作为一门具有中西两种艺术传统，融入中国社会现代进程，古老又具有新兴特质的艺术，在从“高原”迈向“高峰”的进程中，用民族语言讲好中国故事，进一步彰显中国气质和中国精神，中国版画大有可为。
作为中国美术的一个重要门类，中国版画承载着民族精神，回顾版画在中国漫长的历史发展，从复制版画到创作型版画，其不断应时代需求转型，并在促进文化传播，加速文明发展，推动社会进步等方面，扮演了重要角色，并彰显不同时代的审美追求。
【分析】至于英语翻译基础部分，广外的词条多政治经济类，也涉及到部分热词，同学们在备考时要注意方向性。
在段落翻译部分，广外一般在文章阅读上不设限，重在考察学生的翻译能力。
448汉语写作与百科知识：
Part one解释段落中划线的知识点（50）：
1.供给侧结构性改革全要素生产率实体经济微观主体宏观调控
2.市场经济体制产权制度国有资产市场准入
负面清单制度商事改革制度
3.绿色金融清洁能源大气污染防治土壤污染管控农业面源污染
4.语言服务业服务贸易全球产业链“一带一路”高科技产业
Part two 公文写作（40）：
经济日报——中国经济网（文）
首届中国北京国际语言文化博览会
北京市语委，北京市贸促委承办
北京市语言文字工作协会主要经营
为承办人写一份公文，向上级领导汇报情况？
Part three 自立意作文（60）：
《关于实施中华优秀文化传承发展工程的意见》
《中华诗词大会》
洋节日对中华文化和民族节日的冲击，（散文，诗歌，小说，话剧均可）不少于800字，给了三段很长的材料，我在网上找到一些类似的片段可供参考。
百科回忆差不多和试卷无差，今年名词解释国际组织，法律等一个没考，感觉像是十九大报告抠出来的一些材料，所以19年考生要时刻把握出题动向。
【分析】在百科部分的词条解释，广外是提供语境的，也就是让同学们对画线的部分进行解释，分析过后，大家不难看到，仍然贴近政经和时政类，与357中的词条翻译如出一辙。
因此19备考的同学，老师建议大家可以把357词条翻译和448名词解释一起准备，即既要对词组的意思有所掌握又要熟知其中英写法。