上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book4-unit2
上外综合教程4-Unit-2-电子教案
UNIT 2 SPACE INVADERSSection One Pre-reading Activities (1)I. Audiovisual supplement (1)II. Cultural background (2)Section Two Global Reading (2)I. Structural analysis of the text (2)II. Rhetorical features of the text (3)Section Three Detailed Reading (3)I. Questions (4)II. Words and expressions (5)III. Sentences (7)Section Four Consolidation Activities (9)I Vocabulary (9)II. Grammar (11)III. Translation (13)IV. Exercises for integrated skills (15)V. Oral activities (16)VI. Writing (16)Section Five Further Enhancement (16)I Text II (16)II Memorable Quotes (19)Section One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Audiovisual supplementFrom Secrets of Body LanguageWatch the video clip and answer the following questions.Script:Voiceover:But body language is often complex, and easily misunderstood. Here, President Clinton leads the Israeli and Palestinian leaders Ehud Barak and Yasser Arafat up before the press during peace negotiations. It’s all smiles for the cameras, but behind the façade o f bonhomie, there’s a power struggle going on. Clinton jokingly explains that none of them will take any questions.Clinton: We promise to each other we will answer no question and offer no comments, so I have to set a good example.Voiceover: The body language then reveals just why that works.Expert A:Wow. It’s almost a physical fight.Voiceover: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak were getting on well. Think again.Expert A: There is a great meaning behind who goes through the door first. Now of course here in the West, letting someone through the door first doesn’t really matter. Polite maybe. But in the Middle East, it has significant cultural impact.Expert B:The host, the power person, says, “I’m in control. I’ll help you through the door. I’ll show you the way.”Arafat:Thank you. Thank you.Voiceover: Throw in the fear and tension present in most Middle East negotiations, and suddenly, the desire of both Arafat and Barak not to go through that door before the other starts to make sense.Expert C: This is a classic example in its extreme way of how the last man through the door is the winner. So Barak reaches for Yasser Arafat. Arafat literally grasps his arm, moves on, and starts wagering his finger at Barak, who, then, Barak, uses this opportunity as a wrestling match to move around, to actually be behind Arafat, and then literally grasps Arafat, holds him by the arm, and shoves him through the door.Expert B:So you’ve got fear and power struggle, s howing in big big big big bold body language with it.Questions:1. How is the “getting through the door” movement understood by many people?Answer: Many view this apparently light-hearted tussle as a sign that Arafat and Barak were getting on well.2. What is the hidden message behind the scene?Answer: Arafat and Barak are struggling to get through the door after the other party in order to show “I am in control”.3. What does this story tell us?Answer: Body language is very important, but often complex and easily misunderstood.II. Cultural backgroundPersonal spacePersonal space can be imagined as a kind of bubble surrounding a person that protects his or her privacy and which other people may not normally enter. Allowing somebody to get very close and enter your personal space may be a sign of trust or love. On the other hand, intruding other’s personal space can be rather offensive.The amount of space people need to feel around them varies with various factors, such as culture, sex, familiarity between people, crowdedness of the situation, etc. For example:●people from cultures that like a lot of personal space feel awkward and embarrassed when somebody comes too close to them;●people of the same sex may sit or stand closer to each other than to somebody of the opposite sex;●strangers and casual acquaintances usually need more space than friends and members of the same family who know each other well;●in a noisy street people may need to stand closer than they would normally, simply in order to hear each other.Section Two Global ReadingI. Structural analysis of the textIn the text, the writer first points out the fact that nowadays people are more concerned about themselves and want to have a larger personal space than decades ago, and then he analyses the causes of space invasion.The text can be divided into three parts.Part I (Paragraphs 1 – 2): T he writer calls the reader’s attention to the invasion of personal spaceby relating an experience of how his personal space was invaded.Part II (Paragraphs 3 – 7): The writer analyzes some likely causes of the shrinkage of personal space, and attributes the invasion of personal space to the general decline of good manners. Part III (Paragraph 8 – 9): The author presents his view about the essence of personal space, i.e. it is psychological, rather than physical, and urges people to “expand the contracting boundaries of personal space”.II. Rhetorical features of the textA vivid and accurate description of the behaviour of the space invaders and those whose personal space is being invaded is achieved by a delicate selection of verbs. Some of the examples are as follows.Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the behaviour of space invaders:- a man … started inching toward me … (Paragraph 1)- In elevators, people are wedging themselves in just before the doors close ... (Paragraph 3)- In movie theatres these days, people are staking a claim to both armrests, annexing all the elbow room ... (Paragraph 7)Verbs and verbal phrases used to describe the reaction of those whose space is being invaded:- I minutely advanced toward the woman… in front of me ... (Paragraph 1)- … who absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired lady ahead of him ... (Paragraph 1) Practice:Please find more examples to illustrate the author’s careful choice of verbs.Section Three Detailed ReadingSPACE INVADERSRichard Stengel1 At my bank the other day, I was standing in a line snaking around some tired velvet ropeswhen a man in a sweat-suit started inching toward me in his eagerness to deposit his Social Security check. As he did so, I minutely advanced toward the woman reading the Wall Street Journal in front of me, who, in mild annoyance, began to sidle up to the man scribbling a check in front of her, who absent-mindedly shuffled toward the white-haired lady ahead of him, until we were all hugger-mugger against each other, the original lazy line having collapsed in on itself like a Slinky.2 I estimate that my personal space extends eighteen inches in front of my face, one foot toeach side, and about ten inches in back — though it is nearly impossible to measure exactly how far behind you someone is standing. The phrase “personal space” has a quaint, seventies ring to it (“You’re invading my space, man”), but it is one of those gratifying expressions that are intuitively understood by all human beings. Like the twelve-mile limit around our national shores, personal space is our individual border beyond which no stranger can penetrate without making us uneasy.3 Lately, I’ve found that my personal space is being invaded more than ever before. Inelevators, people are wedging themselves in just before the doors close; on the street, pedestrians are zigzagging through the human traffic, jostling others, refusing to give way; on the subway, riders are no longer taking pains to carve out little zones of space between themselves and fellow-passengers; in lines at airports, people are pressing forward like fidgety taxis at red lights.4 At first, I attributed this tendency to the “population explosion” and the relentlessMalthusian logic that if twice as many people inhabit the planet now as did twenty years ago, each of us has half as much space. Recently, I’ve wondered if it’s the season: T-shirt weather can make proximity more alluring (or much, much less). Or perhaps the proliferation of coffee bars in Manhattan — the number seems to double every three months — is infusing so much caffeine into the already jangling locals that people can no longer keep to themselves.5 Personal space is mostly a public matter; we allow all kinds of invasions of personal spacein private. (Humanity wouldn’t exist without them.) The logistics of it vary according to geography. People who live in Calcutta have less personal space than folks in Colorado. “Don’t tread on me” could have been coined only by someone with a spread. I would wager that people in the Northern Hemisphere have roomier conceptions of personal space than those in the Southern. To an Englishman, a handshake can seem like trespassing, whereas to a Brazilian, anything less than a hug may come across as chilliness.6 Like drivers who plow into your parked and empty car and don’t leave a note, people nolonger mutter “Excuse me” when they bump into you. The decline of manners has been widely lamented. Manners, it seems to me, are about giving people space, not stepping on toes, granting people their private domain.7 I’ve also noticed an increase in the ran ks of what I think of as space invaders,mini-territorial expansionists who seize public space with a sense of manifest destiny. In movie theatres these days, people are staking a claim to both armrests, annexing all the elbow room, while at coffee shops and on the Long Island Railroad, individuals routinely commandeer booths and sets of facing seats meant for foursomes.8 Ultimately, personal space is psychological, not physical: it has less to do with the spaceoutside us than with our inner space. I suspect that the shrinking of personal space is directly proportional to the expansion of self-absorption: people whose attention is inward do not bother to look outward. Even the focus of science these days is micro, not macro. The Human Genome Project is mapping the universe of the genetic code, while neuroscientists are using souped-up M.R.I. machines to chart the flight of neurons in our brains.9 In the same way that the breeze from a butterfly’s wings in Japan may eventually producea tidal wave in California, I have decided to expand the contracting boundaries of personalspace. In the line at my bank, I now refuse to move closer than three feet to the person in front of me, even if it means that the fellow behind me starts breathing down my neck.I. Questions1. Is “personal space” a term of the seventies? Is it out of date nowadays? Why or why not? (Paragraph 2)Answer: “Personal space” was a term popularly used in the seventies but seldom mentioned nowadays. However, it doesn’t mean that it is out of date. People, whatever periods they are in, need personal space, which is not to be penetrated. The only problem is that the world is becoming so crowded that it is impossible for people to protect their personal space as well as they used to do.2. What does the author mean by saying “personal space is mostly a public matter”? (Paragraph 5)Answer: Personal space, first of all, is the space you expect and are expected to keep between you and other people in public places in order to maintain an appropriate interpersonalrelationship. Edward T. Hall in The Hidden Dimension, for example, describes the social values applied by Americans to certain distances between people as falling into four main categories: “Intimate distance (0 –1&1/2 feet), Personal distance (1&1/2 –4 feet), Social/Consultative distance (4 – 10 feet), and Public distance (10 or more feet).”3. Do you agree with the writer’s view that the contraction of the outer, personal space is proportional to the expansion of the inner-space of modern man? (Paragraph 8)Answer: Yes, people in the present society tend to be more self-centered, concentrating on their private affairs and ignoring the outer world around them. They say they have no time or energy to care about others in a society of fast tempo. As a matter of fact, they do not want to bother about it.Class ActivityGroup discussions:Topic A: Is personal space important to you? Why or why not?Topic B: According to your observation, does personal space vary in different places /relations / cultures? Give examples.II. Words and expressionsPart 1: Paragraphs 1-2snake: v. move in a twisting waye.g. The train was snaking its way through the mountains.Synonym: meanderinch: v. move very slow and carefullye.g.Howard inched forward in the crowd.He inched his way through the narrow passage.in mild annoyance: with a little anger or impatiencemild: a. not very great in degreee.g. We looked at each other in mild astonishment.Synonym: slightsidle: v. walk in a timid manner, esp. sideways or obliquelye.g. A man sidled up to me and asked if I wanted a ticket for the match.scribble:v. write or draw (sth.) carelessly or hurriedlySynonym: scrawle.g.He scribbled a note to his sister before leaving.She scribbled down her phone number and pushed it into his hand.Throughout the interview, the journalists scribbled away furiously.n. [U, sing.]careless and untidy writinge.g. How do you expect me to read this scribble?shuffle: v.walk by dragging one’s feet along or without lifting them fully from the grounde.g.He slipped on his shoes and shuffled out of the room.A fat woman was shuffling along with a pushchair.Collocations:shuffle sth. off: avoid talking or thinking about sth. because it is not considered importante.g.He shuffled the question off and changed the topic.shuffle out of sth.: try to avoid some unpleasant task by acting dishonestlye.g.I mistrust the way in which they shuffle out of sustained efforts.Slinky:n. A Slinky (“机灵鬼”，一种用软弹簧做成的会翻跟头的玩具) is a coil-shaped spring invented by mechanical engineer Richard James in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Slinkys come in various sizes and shapes. They can “walk” down stairs as the coils stretch and reform as gravity moves them down each step, the spring’s momentum causing it to spill end over end from one step to the next.ring: n. a quality, or an impression of having the quality that is mentionede.g. Her story had a ring of truth about it.The books he mentioned had a familiar ring about them.gratifying: a. giving pleasure or satisfactione.g. The new plan may be gratifying to the President.Derivations: gratify v.; gratification n.penetrate: v. succeed in forcing a way through (sth.)e.g. They penetrated into the territory where no man had ever gone before.The sun’s radiation penetrates the skin.Part II: Paragraphs 3-7wedge: v. force into a narrow space; fix sth. in position by using a wedge or sth. elsee.g. The people sitting close to me wedged me into the corner.Open the door wide and wedge it with a pad of newspaper.zigzag:v. move forward by going at an angle first to one side, then to the othere.g. We zigzagged up the hill.The narrow path zigzags up the cliff.n. a line or pattern that looks like a series of let ter W’s as it bends to the left and then to the right againe.g.The path descended the hill in zigzags.a. [only before noun]e.g. a zigzag line/path/patterncarve out: establish or create sth. through painstaking efforte.g. With months of strenuous work, the artist carved out a flower of ivory.Years of failures and setbacks have taught him and carved out a career for him.press: v.push, move, or make (one’s way) strongly, esp. in a crowde.g. He pressed his way through the crowd.So many peo ple pressed round the famous actress that she couldn’t get to her car. Translation:人群挤在她身边，争着要她的签名。
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册课件 Unit2
3.vapor: a mass of tiny drops of moisture forming cloud or mist 汽，雾
example: The atmosphere always contains some moisture in the form of water vapor.
4.alert:
get / be stuck in (sth.):
be unable to move or to be moved e.g. I was stuck in the traffic yesterday for about one hour. That’s why I missed the class.
9.correlate: have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another (followed by with / to) 使。。。相互关联 <examples> 1.Medical evidence shows that smoking and lung cancer are correlated. 2.A mother’s smoking in pregnancy correlates with low birth weight in her baby.
in the air:
in the earth’s atmosphere; uncertain, not yet decided <examples>
1.There is a peculiar smell in the air. 2.Our plans are still in the air.
全新版大学英语【第二版】综合教程4unit2
Unit 2 Text ALanguage Sense Enhancement1. care2. impact3. orbiting satellites4. warn of5. location6. at any given time7. vibrate8. detected9. calculate 10. convertedLanguage FocusVocabularyI.1.1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4)take control of 5) hazards 6) satellite 7) vibrated8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuck in 12) approximately2.1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on 5)starting up 6)wentthrough 7) fill out 8) fall into3.1) incorporates all the latest safety features2) two trees ten feet apart3) awarding lucrative contracts to his construction firm4) the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars5) are correlated in all racial groups4. 1) the application/ has turned into a reality/ are poised to2) that vibrate/can detect/frequency3) lanes/are mounted in/alert a /hazardII. Word FormationClipped Words:kilogram/memorandum/gymnasium/liberation/doctor/veterinarian/preparatory/ automobile/influenzaBlends:medical care/electronic mail/communications satellite/news broadcast/sky hijack/ European dollar/breakfast and lunch/television broadcast/Oxford and CambridgeIII. Usage1) swimming pool 2) drawing board 3) enriched Middle English 4) disturbing change 5) fully developed prototype 6) canned food 7) working population 8) puzzling differencesComprehensive ExercisesI.1.1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5) hazards 6) monotonous 7) takecontrol of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor2.1) generates 2) related 3)revolutionized 4) enable 5) opportunities 6) overall 7)manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalitiesII.1.1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fallin living standards and an increase in social problems3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated withglobal temperatures4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minute recently.5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from thecoach.2.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever theway people travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.Text BComprehension Check1. a c c d b bTranslation1.这类系统易受气候变化的影响，提供的数据不够精确，但他们不需要特别的道路设施，只需要将车道标志维护好就行了。
综合英语4-unit2ppt课件
.
How would you feel if you were in any of these situations?
.
So... “Space invaders” make people feel uneasy.
.
Shared places
Elevators, buses, theaters, and many other similar “shared places” tend to reduce personal space. People who routinely find themselves in such situations tend to have smaller personal space and more tolerance for “space invasion” than those who are not used to crowding.
There is a common shock in American businessmen when they go to Latin America. Latin men think nothing of giving each other a hearty hug when they meet. That might freak out an American man, who might want to slap his conversation partner on the arm or back – an action a Latino would find startling or threatening.
.
Para 1
How does the author describe the violation of personal space that happened in a bank?
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册Unit
目录
• Overview of the text • Vocabulary and expression • Grammar point parsing • Introduction to Cultural Background • Analysis of Writing Skills • Answers to home exercises after
Key tense
Present simple tense
01
It is used to express an action that is happening now, has
just happened, or will happen in the future
Last simple tense
Conclusion
The article includes by summarizing the main points covered and highlighting the importance of understanding globalization and its impact on our world It also suggests ways for individuals to adapt to the changing world
The text provides a background to the theme by discussing the history and development of globalization, as well as the challenges and opportunities it brings to individuals and communities
综合英语4Lesson2解析精选课件PPT
rules and implies
fair distribution
•
allocate usually means to set something
apart
from a larger quantity, as
of money,
for a specific
Examppulrepso: se or for a
attacks
• Examples: The statement condemned the country’s brutal aggression against its neighbor.
Boys usually express their aggression by hitting each other.
• assign/allot refer to arbitrary distribution, but
neither implies equality or
fairness
of division
Examples:
The hardest work was assigned to the strongest
7. mess 8. moisten 9. oblige 10. shriek 11. tense 12. vicious
2021/3/2
3
I. Word Study
1. aggression
•
n. a.the act of initiating hostilities or
invasion
•
b.the practice or habit of launching
so far they had showed no aggression towards him. physical/verbal aggression 人身侵犯/口头侵犯
全新版大学英语综合教程4课件
Recre • Unit 4 News Reporting
01
Unit 1 Ways of Learning
Reading and Vocabulary
• Summary: The reading materials for this unit will cover various topics, including culture, history, society, and science, to help expand students' vocabulary and improve their reading comprehension abilities.
3. The writing section will provide writing exercises to help students apply the grammar and translation skills they have learned to write.
Listening and Speaking
Writing Skills
• Skills: The textbook selects the most common sports related writing skills and patterns, which can help students master the language skills of sports reports, letters, memories, etc. through a series of writing exercises
上外综合教程Book+4课后练习答案
Book 4课后练习答案Unit 1, Book 4 Fighting with the Forces of NatureVocabularyP15I. 1. 1) alliance 2) heroic 3) stroke 4) limp 5) minus6) regions 7) declarations 8) siege 9) raw 10) retreat11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of 13) campaign14) at the cost of 15) has been brought to a haltP162. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down 3) is pressing on/ pressed on4) drag on 5) picking up 6) falling apart 7) cut back8) take overP174. 1) the occupation of , retreat to, regions2) crucial, efficient, to reckon with, weaken, be brought to a halt3) a heroic, the decisive, turned the tide , siege, by launching Comprehensive ExercisesP21I.Cloze (A)1. invasion2. stand in the way3. Conquest4. catching… off his guard5. launching6. declaration7. campaign8. drag on9. reckon with 10. die from 11. bring … to a haltP22II.TranslationThe offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/ fierce/ stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Unit 2 , Book 4 Smart CarsVocabularyP46I. 1. 1) expansion 2) manufacturing 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards6) satellite 7) convert 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10)in the air11) got/was stuck in 12) approximately 13) application 14) monotonous15) mountedP472. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) result from 4) making up for5) starting up 6) play up 7) give up 8) take on P494. 1) in/into pollution , had become a reality, Presently, are poised to2) that vibrate, frequency3) lanes, are presently, highway, mounted, alert, hazardII. Word formationP50Kilogram medical careMemorandum electronic mailGymnasium communications satelliteLiberation news broadcastDoctor automatic pilotVeterinarian European dollarPreparatory breakfast lunchAutomobile television broadcastComprehensive ExercisesP63I. ClozeA1. alert2. hazards3. highway4. start5. takecontrol of6. lane7. decrease8. get stuck in9. monotonous 10. eliminate11. convert 12. mountedP54II. TranslationAutomobiles changed the world during the 20th century, particularly in the United states and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of greatuse to us, but they have brought some hazards as well, such as noise and airpollution, and highway fatalities. It is reported that automobile accidentsrang among the leading causes of death and injury throughout the world.Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. Newpropulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of manufacturing cars haveall developed rapidly in the past decade. For example , by using thesatellite-aided Global Positioning System (GPS), a computer in theautomobile can locate the vehicle’s precise position, and with the applicationof sensors, smart cars can eliminate most car accidents.Unit 3, Book 4 Job InterviewV ocabularyI.P841. 1) generously 2) physically 3) structure 4) partition 5) blurted out6) chuckling 7) pried 8) prospective 9) jet 10) sparkled11) took a crack at 12) partner 13) made a (big) difference14) beyond his wildest dream 15) employmentP852 1) go after 2) look back on/ at 3) be put up 4) count on5) was handed down 6) follow up 7) bring about 8) broke intoP874. 1) will interview, applicants, the prospective2) endeavor to, the deadline, go after3) as the saying goes, bracket, have a crack atComprehensive ExercisesP92I.Cloze(A) 1. prospective 2. interview 3. As I see it 4. done yourhomework5. endeavor6. structure7. take a crack8. from the standpoint9. employment 10. deadline 11. make a difference 12. follow up(B) 1. matter 2. to 3. not 4. possible5. can6. interview7. ask8. copies9. If 10. preparing 11. what 12. kinds13. take 14. Prior 15. whether 16. fitP93II.TranslationWell begun is half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment.From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollarsa year in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospecti ve employer as possible don’t have much of a chance of success.Unit 4，Book 4 The Multicultural SocietyVocabularyI. 1. 1) plural 2) debt 3) thesis 4) inevitably 5) historical6) precedent 7) constructive 8) destructive 9) ethnic 10) combination11) stagnant 12) destiny 13) discourage 14) from the perspective of15) in the (medical) sense2. 1) leave behind 2) show up 3) go over 4) knock off5) Leave (them) alone 6) fading away 7) took in 8) keep up with 3. 1) … is essential for infection in the hospital to be kept effectively under control.2)… had a se nse that their country was at the center of the world and so called it“the Middle Kingdom”.3)… network of mentors, women and men, has helped me at various stages in my career.4) … to have/ develop a conception of ourselves in the universe not as th e masterspecies but as the servant species: as the one being given responsibility for the whole and for the good of the whole.4. 1) in decline, mentality, paralyzing the2) the characteristics , an immigrant, unbelievable3) a religion, cooperation with, submergeII. Confusable Words1. like/ as2. as3. like4. like/ as5. as/ like6. as7. like8. asStructure2. 1) his determination to realize his ideals.2) a desire to follow in his footsteps.3) reached a decision to walk back.4) failure to properly educate its children.Comprehensive ExercisesI.Cloze(A) 1. on the decline 2. historical 3. for the first time 4. mentality 5. essential6. discouraged7. destiny8. immigrants9. ethnic 10. combinationII. TranslationProfessor Huntington’s paper greatly inspired me. According to him, in a plural / pluralistic society, there will inevitably be different opinions. The key is to deal with them in such a way that they can play a constructive rather that destructive role.He argues that in a plural/ pluralistic society we must stress /attach importance to interpersonal relationships, cooperation, and looking at issues from the perspective of other people. If some groups regard themselves as superior and treat other ethnic groups or religions with disrespect, the whole society may be paralyzed.I am convinced that if we put into practice the ideas mentioned above, then there is the possibility of creating a new civilization.Unit 5，Book 4 CrueltyVocabularyI. 1. 1)In a way 2)clapping 3)elderly 4) in accordance with 5)vacancy6)funks 7)current 8)in good condition 9) transparent 10)rub11)spicy 12)hitherto 13)committed 14) with a very bad grace 15) instinct2. 1) turned up 2) stuck to 3)brought back 4) settled down5)driving at 6)away 7)touch on/upon 8)bear…out3. 1)She has a very weak constitution—she may not be able to survive the operation.2)I was taken aback by the insurance company’s rejection of my claim.3)It was something of a surprise when we ran into each other in a place like that.4)…needs trimming /to be timmed—it’s getting too long.5)…are often deceptive4. 1)Oddly enough/went broke/wrinkled/had gone all to pieces2)a definite/evidently/was a trifle3)shaving/stroking his/sippingII. Usage1.Except for2.except that3. except4. except when5.except to6. except that7. except where8.except that Structure1. 1)He’ll accept the job unless the salary’s too low.2)Unless she comes soon, I’m going without her.3)Milk quickly turns sour unless it’s refrigerated.4)Unless we are told to stop, we will carry on selling the furniture.2.1) If you happen to pass a baker’s2)it happened that no one was in the house.3)Peter happened to be speaking to me about his would-be-mother-in-law/It happened that Peter was speaking to be about his would-be-mother-in-law. Comprehensive ExercisesII.ClozeA 1.insane mitteed 3.current 4.was taken aback 5.in good condition6.constitution7. go all to pieces8.gone broke9.vacancy 10. mild 11.funk 12. deceptiveB 1. range 2. to 3. called 4. Although 5. as 6. rural 7. below8. understanding 9. suffer 10. but 11. other 12. it 13. emotional 14. no 15. from 16. into 17. at 18. reduce 19. basis 20. about/ofII. TranslationFor my own part, I should certainly hestitate to hire a clerk on his face /appearance alone. Appearances are all to often deceptive. For instance, you might well commit an error in judgment if you went by appearances only with people like Edward Hyde Burton, the characeter created by Maugham. As far as appearance and manners were concerned, Burton seemed a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow with white hair and mild blue eyes. Kind, gentle and candid, he was described by many as one of the most respectable people on earth. Nevertheless, he turned out to be cruel to a friend in need of his help. He insulted and fooled Turner who was down and out and made him commit himself to an insane venture. What was still more surprising was that he was completely indifferent to Turner’s dealth. Without doubt, Burton was a man with a heart of stone.Unit 6，Book 4 The Pace of LifeVocabularyI. 1. 1)appliance 2)comparative 3)mutlitply 4)oblige 5)prosperity6)in reality 7)aircraft 8)volunteers 9) a handful of10)distribution 11)famine 12)large quantities of / a large quantity of 13)widespread 14)streamline 15)provoke2. 1)take back 2)cling to 3)stand out/stood out 4)set aside5)set about 6)switch off 7)amount to 8)poured in3. 1)…is forecast to be below average next year, which at the moment is 4 percent.2)…seems to be some confusion over who is actually giving the talk as both menare speaking to the audience.3)…to enter the building and find the baby girl proved futile as rescuers were driven out by the heat and flames.4)…was urged to diver some of its attention from controlling production and getmore involved with demanding issues.5)…can really eat heavily into your profits when you are selling suits at￡900and dresses at￡2,000.4. 1)forum/growth/domestic market / a shortage of2)an abundance of /springing up / the frontiers3)a burden/are always on the go /seem forever on the go/to copeII. Confusable Words1. 1)nervousness 2).tension 3).stress/tension 4).tension2. 1).honorary 2).Honorable 3).honorable 4).honorary5). honorable 6). HonoraryIII. Usage1.Dealing with the extinction crisis is no simple matter. Is it sensible, we may ask, to spend large sums of money to save some species--be it an elephant or an orchid--in a nation in which a large proportion of the population is living below the poverty line?2.This new technology could be used anywhere large numbers of people need to be quickly screened--at airport, train stations, bus terminals or border crossings. However, experts suspect, there is also the risk that people will learn to fool the machine the same way they try to fool polygraph reading by controlling their breath or taking drugs to relax themselves.3.With a high percentage of marriages ending in divorce, often due to financial difficulties, you would say that money is a big factor in making a good marriage. But, believe it or not,it isn't money that ensures you a happy marriage; it is your philosophy of life that does.4.Not all the risks on the Internet are sexual, you know. Sites promoting violence are just a click away, and may include instructions for making bombs and other destructive devices.5.Structure1. 1)Philosophical essays and translations apart2) Interest in computer science apart3) Handsome reward apart4) Good looks apart2.1) of 2)about 3) through in 4)from ontoComprehensive ExercisesIII.ClozeA 1. switch off 2.obliged 3.on the go 4. stress5.cope6. shortage 7 . Wide-spread 8. large quantity of9. pouring in 10.a handful of 11. fraction 12.futileB 1. to 2.else's 3. in 4. because 5.where 6. how 7. among8. everything/all 9. That 10.schedule/allot 11. sticking 12.where/what 13.once/when 14.doesn't 15.the 16. in 17.all 18.effectivelyII. TranslationThere is no question that today we are under constant pressure to work longer hours, to produce more, to possess more, and to become a success. Workaholism, a modern addiction, has thus arisen. The cause of workaholism is the perception that by working longer hours and completing more projects, we will enhance our self-worth.Many women today feel the same stress to produce and get ahead and, at the same time, to nurture their offspring and shoulder a variety of domestic responsibilities.Research shows that workaholism tends to distance us from our immediate families. It forces us to labour longer and longer hours, leaving a minute fraction of time to be physically and emotionally available to our loved ones. Intimacy among family members is doomed to die in the process.Unit 7，Book 4 TerrorismVocabularyI. 1. 1)faxed 2)boom 3)jogs 4)contending 5) span 6)hiking7) pertinent 8)adolescents 9)tags 10)weaves 11)all of a sudden12) statistical 13)string 14)disapproving 15)recurs2. 1)has backed up 2)went off 3)is held up 4) settle for5)be laid up 6)strike out 7) reflect on/upon 8)applied for 3. 1)...mortality rate is very high in the poorest rural areas of Africa.2) ....we can fix it by ourselves for nothing3)...unusual that John was among the few who arrived early at yesterday's party, for which he was praised by the hostess.4)...a lot of maintenance whatever the cost.5) ...(was)enveloped in thick fog.4. 1)pondered for/to fax/the statistical/to back up2)much imagination/weave /and unusual3)maintenance/for nothing fromII. Collocation1.a little of2. a few/a few of the3. much 4 .few5. many6. many of/most of7. much of8. littleIII. Usage1.All I did was fax her the paper so as to let her decide what to do.2.What you need to do is write a follow-up letter after the interview to indicate your eagerness to join the company.3."All you ever want to do is go shopping," Tim shouted at his wife.4.All I did was touch the window , and it broke.5.What the publisher did was cash in on the chance to promote his new textbooks.6.What we'll do is leave a note for Bob to tell him we'll be back in time for the dinner party.Structure1. 1)"You seem to like smoking a pipe, don't you? Did you use to like it before?" asked Phil.2)Life here is much easier than it used to be.3)We used to be able to walk around the town at night without fear of being mugged. But now no one dares to go out after dark.4) You don't come and see us as often as you used to.2. 1)It seems they don't care whether the deal is profitable or not.2)She doesn't care who teaches so long as he/she teaches well.3)Don't fuss about it. No one cares how you dress.4)Most people don't seem to care when/where the conference will be held. Comprehensive ExercisesIV.ClozeA 1.reflect on 2.span 3.fax 4.imagination 5.boom 6.statistical7 .back up 8.contends 9.recurring 10.send in 11. weaveB 1.told 2.of 3.What 4.on 5.think 6.But 7.When 8.also9.declares 10.itself 11.what 12.will 13.not 14.What 15.war 16.cannot 17.every 18.But 19.ways 20.thanII. TranslationA severe earthquake occurred all of a sudden at 10 a.m. Yesterday in a rural area, about 200 kilometers east of the city. Initial reports coming out of the region indicate the earthquake has caused widespread devastations/damage and heavy casualties. Many adolescents were among those injured or killed. Yet it remains obscure exactly how many people were hurt and killed as the area has been enveloped in rubble. However, one thing is certain: many of the survivors may face years of pain and suffering. Local people were clearly shaken by this reminder of their mortality. Some religious ones have gathered to pray that it will never recur.Unit 8.，Book 4 TravelVocabularyI. 1. 1)heap 2) was smeared 3) in detail 4)dissolve 5)loosed6) slapped 7) hollows 8)tangle 9)lay/get her hands on10)darted 11)thrashing 12)hop 13)in flocks 14)illuming 15)opaque 2. 1)take...apart 2)take up 3)rests on 4)subscribe to5)have called for 6)came through 7)breaks down 8)runs out of 3. 1)...was dying to see the movie based on it.2)...to the 20th floor of our office building can mute all sound. That's why streetnoises do not penetrate there.3)...the spokeswoman's beauty and elegance/the beautiful and elegant spokeswoman, the crowd hushed.4)...slumped into an armchair, feeling completely exhausted.5)...was reputed to be the wittiest woman of her time.4. 1)swarmed to/the spectacular/paddled2)live in the heart of/out of the range of/trailing/gliding3)Now/now/clattered/strips/on the fringeII. Confusable Words1.1)worth 2)worthy 3) worthwhile 4) worth 5)worth 6)worthwhile2.1)lone 2)alone 3)alone 4)lonely 5)lonely 6)aloneIII. Usage1)ice cream 2)teas 3)wines 4)cloth 5)soap 6)beer7)fuels 8)soils 9)sugars 10)grassStructure1. 1)...get/start his program going without strong financial support2)...started/set the audience in the theater laughing heartily as well.3)have set phones ringing in plastic surgeons' offices across the country.4)had her getting to her feet and walking out of the room immediately2.1)wonder that 2)wondered how/why 3)wonder where 4)wondered who/how Comprehensive ExercisesV.ClozeA 1.trails 2.tangled 3.heart 4.loop5.slap6. oars 7 .glides 8.clatter9.out of sight 10.in flocks 11.swarms 12.spectacularB 1.running/winding 2.trips 3.either 4.by 5.main6.tributaries7.prefer8.foot9.through 10.If 11.creating 12.While 13.lies 14.where 15.second 16.With 17.including 18.will II. TranslationLast Wednesday my classmate Caroline and I visited Zhouzhuang, a well-known town looped all around by streams. When we arrived at the town, Caroline was so excited that she darted towards the first bridge she saw and began singing loudly there. Suddenly her voice hushed when she found that she had startled a flock of ducks not too far from us. Now as Caroline was dying for a boat ride, we decided to tour the town by boat. Now loud, now soft, Caroline talked to all the creatures in the stream and was fussing about everything while I looked at the boats gliding over the water in all silence. Though we did not see anything spectacular, we enjoyed every minute in the town that lies out of the range of the heavy traffic and noise of the large city.Zhouzhuang is worth visiting and, time permitting, I'd like to go there again.。
全新版大学英语综合教程4Unit_2
Terms of roads:
Underground / subway Light rail (elevated railway) Inner-ring road Outer-ring road Elevated road; viaduct Over-pass Mag-lev train: Magnetically levitated train
Part Division of the Text
Parts 1 2 3 Para 1-3 4-9 10-13 Main Ideas
The prospect of future smart cars and smart highways.
Features of future smart cars The building of smart highways
3. The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in
the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow‘s ―smart cars‖ will be sensors. ―We‘ll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act,‖ predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation‘s ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future. Part I (p1~3) --The impact of new technology on cars and highways of future
全新版大学英语综合教程第四册第四单元讲义
Global Reading Detailed Reading
After Reading
Unit 4 Globalization Supplementary Reading
Part Division of the Text Match the ideas Further Understanding
Before Reading
China and the WEF
Before Reading
Global Reading Detailed Reading
After Reading
Unit 4 Globalization Supplementary Reading
The World Economic Forum An independent, international organization incorporated as a Swiss not-for-profit foundation whose motto is “DeetaniletdrReeapdinrgeneurship in the global public interest”. It believes that economic progress without social development is not sustainable, while social development without economic progress is not feasible.
Unit 4 Globalization
Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Supplementary Reading
上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book1-unit2.doc
UNIT 2First PeriodPreview task:Read text B and try to understand what the true friends are.Pre-Reading1. Questions and AnswersQ(1)What is a fair weather friend?A(1) A fair weather friend is one who is happy to stay with you when things are going well but leaves as soon as trouble arrives.Q(2)How can friend and friendship be defined?Friends(A):A friend is one to whom one may pour out all the contents of one’s heart, chaff（谷壳）and grain together, knowing that gentle hands will take and sift (筛，过滤) them, keep what is worth keeping, and with a breath of kindness, blow the rest away.---------- George Eliot (1819~1880), English novelist(B):A friend is a person with whom I may be sincere. Before him, I may think aloud.- --------- Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803~1882), American poet and philosopher(C):A true friend is one who overlooks your failures and tolerates your successes.----------- Doug Larson (1902~1981), English middle-distance runnerFriendship(A):True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it is lost.---------- Charles Caleb Colton (1780~1832), English author and clergyman(B):Friendship is a ship big enough to carry two in fair weather, but only one in foul（天气恶劣的）.--------- Ambrose Bierce (1842~1914), American author and journalist, from The Devil’s Dictionary(C):Friendship is a treasure that always helps us overcome any kind of difficulty.Friendship is a comfort which always understands worries and emotions.Friendship is a blessing because it teaches the way to live.------------ UnknownQ(3)Can you give some examples of great friendship?Marx and EnglesMarx valued Engels’ friendship so highly that he once said he loved and admired his friend very much. Engels had been aiding Marx who suffered greatly from bitter poverty. Were it not for the help Marx obtained from Engels, Marx would hardly have been able to overcome poverty and he surely would not have left behind him a monument.W ord W ebThe stories in this unit are about friendship. Write down five words which you would use if you were writing a poem on this subject.durable long-standing enduring lifelong genuine help generous everlasting intimate close warm trust perpetualWhile-readingAs for “friend” or “friendship”, a sentence may occur to us --- “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” It tells us the real meaning of “friendship” and the reason why it has always been the theme of some great writers and some art works. The stories between real friends often made us moved deeply, and at the same time, almost all of us long for truehearted friendship. Text B is a story about the genuine friendship between two old men, and what happened to them in this text made us ponder over the problem that what we will do when our friends get in trouble.Text B Never Let A Friend DownPart 1. ask the student to read the text and get information about the main charactersBill : 79- year-old, thin but strong, look far younger than his age, now he was living by himself 12 miles east of the town and he scraped a living hunting foxes and rabbitsRoyce: 59-year-old, had a bad leg and walked with difficulty, helped run the Wedding family’s farmBill and Royce had been best of friends for 30 years, ever since the days when they traveled together fromfarm to farm in search of work.. Bill caught up with Royce once a fortnight.This narrative mainly gives us an account of how a pair of best friends survived a fire disaster.Once Bill helped Royce burn off the weeds on one of his fields. Unfortunately, they ran into a big trouble.Part 2. assign the students to describe the danger they face (para5-9)After setting a fire to the weeds, they were in danger: Royce’s car plowed into a hidden bank of sand and the fire headed directly toward them. After a while, they were surrounded by flames. At this crucial time, Royce was found pinned against the steering wheel.Part 3. How did they survive a fire disaster?(Para 10-12 is about the detail of what Bill did for his friend.)Bill never let a friend down, dragging Royce away from the burning c ar as hard as he could. To save Royce’s life, Bill went out of his way of getting help from his home. The twin pillars of character--- never give up no matter how bad the odds and never let friend down--- determined him to save his friend’s life. At last t hey made it.Part 4. the result( after the accident)They survived this accident but Both of them were injured seriously. Tell sth about their injuries. (para13-14) Royce’s stomach and left hip were covered in deep burns. His fingers were burned completely out of shape.Bill was in equally bad shape. Pieces of blackened flesh and skin hung from his forearms, hands and legs.Bill was presented with the Bravery Medal at Government House, but his best reward came when he was praised by his friend Royce.Homework:(1).Q: Choose some sentences from the text and retell this accident. (ask students one by one to finish this task.) A: (L.14) Soon they were bumping over a sandy track to the weed-choked 120-acre field.(L.17) Bill soaked the tire with gasoline, then he put a match to it and jumped in the car.(L.22) The breeze suddenly swung around to their backs and began to gather strength.(L.24) “Let’s get out of here!” Royce said.(L.21&25) But the car plowed into a hidden bank of sand, and they couldn’t back it out of the sand bank.(L.28.) The gasoline tank exploded.(L.30) (After the explosion,) Royce was pinned against the steering wheel and unable to move.(L.32) Bill was breathless and unable to move, too.(2). preview the text A and try to get the main ideaSecond period:Part5.Assign the student to retell the storyPart6. Detailed explanation of text B:(1) Attentions to the vivid description of the fireFanned to the white heat, the fire line suddenly burst into a wall of flame, heading directly towards them.The fire bit at Bill’s arms, face and legs, but he…………..The car was eaten by flames.……………….(2)Attentions to the verbs in the textThe car pitched violently forward, plowing into a hidden bank of sandPara 8, 9 and 15As soon as he had dragged him away he patted out the flames…………………….(3) Important sentences:L.27 Suddenly the fire was on them. Bill pushed open his door only to find himself flung through the air as, with a roar, the gasoline tank exploded and the car leapt three feet off the ground.①only to find only + 动词不定式，表示一种出乎意料的结果②find oneself + 现在分词/过去分词表示不知不觉地发现自己在做某事③with a roarL.55. A lifetime spent around the tough people (who make their home in the Australian bush) had permanently fixed into Bill’s soul two principles: never give up [no matter how bad the odds] and never let [a friend] down.①A lifetime had fixed two principles into Bill’s soul.② no matter how bad the odds③ never give up no matter how bad the odds and never let a friend down④ a lifetime (that was) spent around the tough people⑤ people who make their home in the Australian bush⑥一辈子与居住在澳大利亚灌木地带的那些刚强的硬汉一起生活的人生经历，将两条准则永久地铭刻在比尔心头：无论多么艰难，决不泄气，决不抛弃朋友。
上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义
Unit 2“Future”, is a puzzling word for all the people in this world, including the scientists and the common. What will the world be like in five hundred year’s time?A thousand years’ time? Or more? Some people are pessimistic, and fear that things can only get wore because people may be slaves of the developed science and technology. Others are optimistic, looking forward to a better world and a happy life with the development of science and technology. In this Unit, we are given two texts about “smart cars”, a kind of intelligent products that bring so much convenience to people in the future. Then let’s come to Unit2 and learn something about “smart cars” in about 7 classes..Objectives in Unit 2:⒈words and phrases:alert application capability convert correlate decrease(increase) drastically eliminate expansion prototype manufacturing in the air take control of get/be stuck in turn(sth.) into/become a reality appropriate implement outline permanent thereby at the start of by means of in cooperation with⒉structure:①double prepositions②V. + it +adj. + to do③“” (present or past) is used as adjective to modify noun.⒊ learn some techniques in expository writing(definition, quote, a mixture of facts and opinions, etc.)4. writing: how to write a resume ( need explaining in detail)--- for homework to introduce next unit.For the first period: (1st,2nd class) have a revision of Unit 1 and come to Unit 2(words and phrases)Text A Smart CarsⅠSOME QUESTIONS for group discussion: (30 minutes)①What will the world be like in the future? (worse or better) What aspect do youthink in the world will change most?—Worse: destroyed by the people themselves, war, depend excessively on advanced science and technology to become lazy, indifferent, lack love between peopleand people, the Judge Day.—Better: make good use of science and technology to improve the world, a world garden, a society like Communist Society, happy life, share—Aspect: people’s life ,( way of thinking, custom)②With the development of science and technology, what will happen to cars? Whatcan be called “smart cars”?—In the film “007”, a “smart car ” is described. It was a transportation for Bond and the name was “the vanish”. It was a car of “adopted camouflage. Ti nycameras on all sides…project the image they see onto a light-emitting…polymer skin on the opposite side. For the casual eyes, it’s as good as invisible. Plus all the usual refinements, ejector seat…”③Would you like to drive a smart car? Why or why not?Like—convenient, comfortable, a vehicle avoiding traffic accidents, safe, with many functions that we can imagineDo not like—can not enjoy the pleasure of driving a car, too complex④ Free writing :(Finish it in ten minutes)*You may begin with the sentences:A. If I could afford a car, I will buy one without hesitation because…….B. Even if I could afford a car, I may not actually want to drive one because…... *State your viewpoints to the other students in your groupⅡ Background information (Introduction of Cars) : (10 minutes)The invention of cars ─ The first self-propelled car was built by Nicolas Cugnot in 1769 which could attain speeds of up to 6 kms/hour. In 1771 he again designed another steam-driven engine which ran so fast that it rammed into a wall, recording the worlds first accident.Some famous brands of cars ─General MotorsFord Motor Company(Ford Lincoln Mercury Mazda Volvo JaguarLand Rover Aston Martin)?DaimlerChrysler （戴姆勒-克莱斯勒）(DaimlerChryslers’ passen ger car brands include Maybach, Mercedes-Benz, Chrysler, Jeep?, Dodge and smart. Commercial vehicle brands include Mercedes-Benz, Freightliner, Sterling, Western ,Star and Setra)Toyota (Toyota is a world famous brand of cars. The company is in Japan) Mercedes-Benz (This brand has stood for more than 100 years. It is a German company.)From the questions we discussed in the above, we can get a general impression on the future world and the smart cars in the future. Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and drive on their own… all that sounds like a dream maybe become a reality with the help of computer revolution and with the appearance of smart cars, the modern science and technology will bring some effects on man in the future possibly. Thereby, let’s look at the first text “Smart Cars”.Ⅲ TEXT ORGANIZATION: (15 minutes)Part one paras 1—3 New technology will have a dramatic impact on cars andhighways in the 21st century.Part two paras 4—9 With the aid of advanced technology, smart cars willbe designed that they can help eliminate trafficaccidents, determine their own precise locations andwarn of traffic jams.Smart cars are superior to the ordinary cars in many ways: (let thestudents find answers in this part)①Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act.②They can eliminate most car accidents.③They can alert the police and provide precise location if stolen.④They can monitor one’s driving and the driving conditions nearby.⑤They can alert the driver who feels drowsy.⑥They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams.Part three paras 10—13 GPS and “telematics” will make it possible tobuild smart highways, which will benefit us inmore than one way.Ⅳ KEY POINTS in the text: (30 minutes)Part one⒈questions: — What are the effects of the computer revolution?—It brings the development of automobile industry and theappearance of the smart cars become possible.⒉language points: ① turn into/become a reality ─ H er dreams of being acollege student has turned into a reality.②para1 phrase “remain unchanged” 保持一种状态 Keep warmremain untouched remain silentpara2 rank as: put…in a class 被列为…They all agree to rank Addison as a great essayist.…as among… (double preposition. Exercise 1 for structure) para3 key (to): sth. that provides an answer (to a problem or a mystery) General Motors Corporation 通用汽车公司ITS program: 智能运输系统Intelligent Transportation SystemprogramITS improves transportation safety and mobility and enhances productivity through the use of advanced communications technologies.Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) encompass a broad range of wireless and wire line communications-based information and electronics technologies.? When integrated into the transportation system's infrastructure, and in vehicles themselves, these technologies relieve congestion, improve safety and enhance American productivity.? Homework: ① review the key points we have leaned in the part one.②preview the following text, find the difficult sentences, try to memorizethe words and expressions in the vocabulary.For the second period: (3rd ,4th class)Part two⒈questions: ① ─In what aspects are the smart cars superior to the ordinary cars? (text organization 2)② ─What new technology have already been adopted in developing the cars? ─We have had the cars that can monitor one’s driving and the d rivingconditions nearby; We have had the cars that can determine how sleepy you are as you drive; and in Japan cars with navigational capability have been built.⒉ language points: para4 ① don’t bother to do: take trouble 麻烦Don’t bother to get dinner for me today; I’ll eatat a restaurant in town.② via (prep.) 通过 by way of④in the air : uncertain— My plan are still quite in the air.There is a peculiar smell in the air.Para 5 ① scan for② Should you make a serious mistake,… (subjunctive mood)If you should make a serious mistake,…Para 6 ①MIT: 麻省理工学院Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one of the world’s leading research universities, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1865, the school was opened in Boston by geologist William Barton Rogers who became its first president. Throughout its history MIT has held a worldwide reputation for teaching and reach.② underestimated/overestimatedPara 7 question: what are the two of the most frustrating things about driving a car? And how to overcome it ? ()①tune to②They make it possible to determine your location…V. + it +adj. + to doExercise 2 for structurePara 8 convert (to) ─change from one form or use to another (followed by into/to) The signal will be converted into digital code.Para 9 correlate ─have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another (followed by with/to)A mothers smoking in pregnancy correlates with low birth weight in her baby.Part three:⒈questions: How to use GPS and “telematics” in automobile industry in the future? What are the benefits?—Blind individuals could use GPS…the list of potential uses is endless; put the smart cars on smart high ways—This could prove to be an environmental boon as well, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, as serving as an alternative to highway expansion.⒉ language points: ①be poised to do: (be ready to do) The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.②…as the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece…double preposition (exercise on page52)③ GPS:全球性定位系统The Global Positioning System (GPS) is asatellite-based navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the . Department of Defense. GPS was originally intended for military applications, but in the 1980s, the government made the system available for civilian use. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere inthe world, 24 hours a day. There are no subscription fees or setup charges touse GPS.Homework: ① review the whole text, especially the key points. Learn to analysis and translate some long sentences if necessary.② finish the exercises.For the third period: (5th class)Have a dictation and explain the rest exercises of text A, especially the words, phrases and translation, help the students memorize all the language points.Dictation: turn it into reality automobile industry manufacturing industry start up the engine alert the police get stuck in traffic a precise frequency decreasing air pollution highway expansion send put a radio signal application approximately eliminate lucrative convert______changed the world during the 20th century, _______in the United States and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of great use to us, but they have brought some______ as well, such as noise and air______, and highway______. It is reported that automobile accidents _____among the leading causes of death or injury throughout the world. Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. New propulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of ______cars have all developed rapidly in the past decade. For example, by using the _____-aided global positioning system (GPS), a computer in the automobile can _____the vehicle’s precise position, and with the application of sensors, smart cars can _____most cars accidents. (Automobiles, particularly, hazards, pollution, fatalities, rank, manufacturing, satellite, locate, eliminate)Explain the exercises together, especially vocabulary, structure, cloze .(6th class) come to text BText B Intelligent vehiclesObjectives:1.This text is used as a fast reading t o practice student’s ability for readingcomprehension.2.Try to grasp the new words and phrase listed in the box.3.learn to comprehend the sentences and translate them into Chinese.Step one: give students 15 minutes to read the text and at the same time finish the following questions (for first seven N, Y and NG, the next three briefanswer s)We only eliminate the more that ten percent of the traffic crashes that arecaused by human errors by driving the intelligent car. (N)We can infer that the author believes that human drivers cannot travel close behind other vehicles. (Y)The author mentions the Futurama as an example to explain a failed attempt at automation. (N)Visual systems for observing the road are better than magnetic systems because they do not need special equipment buried in the road. (Y)For observing other vehicles, laser systems are preferred in the USA. (NG) Onboard computers are better than roadside computers for setting lane speed.(N)The author’ attitude towards the future developm ent of automatic transport system is positive. (Y)The distances and closing rates to preceding vehicles can be measured by a _____or a _________. Radar, laser rangefinderThe _______ of these driver muscle functions are electromechanical devices installed in the automated vehicle. EquivalentsThe luxury of being chauffeured to your destination might be enjoyed by all, not just the__________. Wealthiest individualsStep two: Text Organization─Part one (1—2) the benefit to be gained from the intelligent vehicles─eliminate the traffic crashes, reduce antisocial driving behavior, the entire population can enjoy it, reduce the pollution andfuel consumptionPart two (3—15) the way intelligent cars work and the remaining changes as to their application.1.it is a realistic prospect to have intelligent cars in the nearfuture.2.it is possible to determine accurately a vehicle’s position andorientation relative to the lane’s center.3.The distances and closing rates to preceding vehicles can bemeasured by a radar or a laser rangefinder.4.the electromechanical devices control the car completely.5. Computers in the vehicles and those at the roadside decide whenand where to change the course.6.There remains a number of difficulties to be overcome, technicalones especially.Part three (16) the promising future of intelligent cars.Homework：preview the text； read the text in detailFor the forth period:Step three: key points─1.outline / deadline/ headline/ online/ underline2.implication─ n. implication for sb./sth.The new report has far-reaching implications for the future of broadcasting.这一新报告对广播业的前途有些意味深长的暗示。
全新版大学英语综合教程4-Unit2
Background Information
Automobile Industry Global Positioning System Intelligent TranspБайду номын сангаасrtation System
Thinking Before Listening
The title of the passage you are going to listen to is “Cars of the Future”. Write down three questions about cars of the future.
GPS determines location by computing the difference between the time that a signal is sent and the time it is received. GPS satellites carry atomic clocks that provide extremely accurate time.
Global Positioning System
Global Positioning System is a space-based radionavigation system, consisting of 24 satellites and ground support. GPS provides users with accurate information about their position and velocity, as well as the time, anywhere in the world and in all weather conditions.
上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book4-unit3-Job-Interview
上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-b o o k4-u n i t3-J o b-I n t e r v i e w-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1College English----Integrated Course 4Unit Three Job InterviewPreview assignment:1.Try to find some information about job interview from internet, books, others or your personalexperience.2. Preview the following words and expressions in text A:interview; prospective; endeavor; employment; generously; incidentally; courteous; blurt; pry;(as) the saying goes; do one’s homework ; make a difference; in the neighborhood of; from one’s/the standpoint(of); as I see it; take a crackTeaching objectives:Students will be able to:1.grasp the main idea (Everyone should make his or her own tracks in whatever he or she does)and structure of the text;2.appreciate the expository skills demonstrated in the text (begin an essay with a personal story),and realize the importance of the use of examples in illustrating one’s points;3.master the key language points in the text;4.conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme ofthe unit.The first two periodsI. Introduction to the unit:No matter where you went to school, no matter what your GPA is, no matter how much experience you have, no matter who you know---if you aren’t able to interview successfully, you won’t get the job. So job interview is very important. In this unit we will learn how to do this effectively. Let’s see what the author said in text A from the perspective of an interviewer and what the young girl did in text B as an interviewee.II. Check the previewing result:Ask students to use the key words and phrases to make sentences.III．Group DiscussionBefore we study text A, first let’s have a group discussion. Imagine that you are an applicant, try to brainstorm how to prepare for a job interview and discuss with your partners. In the end, you are supposed to recommend several classmates to present your ideas to the whole class.Suggested answers:Know the exact place and time of the interview, the interviewer’s full name, the correctpronunciation and his or her title.Learn pertinent facts about the company such as annual sales revenue, principal lines ofbusiness and locations.Find out why the hiring manager and/or client representative is interested in yourqualifications.Determine how the opportunity will impact your immediate and long-term careerdevelopment.An interview is a “two-way street”. Know what questions to ask during the interview. Your questions allow the hiring manager to evaluate your professional and personal needs.Insightful questions help both of you determine if your relationship will be mutuallyrewarding. Lastly, the better you understand the opportunity, the more you will be able to communicate your interest in the position.Put your best foot forward. Always wear proper attire and greet your interviewer with afirm handshake and an enthusiastic smile.Teacher sums up and leads into the text by saying: from the discussion we can see you have some idea about job interview. They are good for your future job interview. Next let’s study text A and see what the author says about the keys to job interview from the perspective of an employer and interviewer.IV. Cultural notes:1.Michael Jordan (Para 12) (1963- ): American professional basketball player, considered bymany to be the greatest player in basketball history. The 6 ft 6 in (198 cm) shooting guard first became known as an explosive individual scorer, but as he matured as a player he adopted a more team oriented approach to the game. Jordan led the Chicago Bulls to six NationalBasketball Association (NBA) championships (1991-1993, 1996-1998). His widespread appeal to fans has helped keep basketball one of the world’s popular spectator sports.2.John Michael Landy (Para 18) (1930- ): Australian athlete, and the second runner, afterEngland’s Sir Roger Bannister, to break the four-minute mile. He did so in 3 minutes 58seconds in 1954, two months after Bannister set his mark.3.Sir Roger Bannister (Para 18) (1929-4. ):British physician and the first athlete in history to run a mile in less than 4 min. Born inHarrow, England, he was educated at the University of Oxford and at Saint Mary’s Hospital Medical school. At a meet in Oxford on May 6, 1954, Bannister ran the mile in 3 min 59.4 sec, establishing a world record. This was bettered less than two months later by the Australasian athlete John Landy, who set a record of 3 min 58 sec. Banninster defeated Landy in a mile race held at Vancouver, Canada, in August 1954. Although neither set a record, both men again ran the mile in less than 4 min. Banninster retired from athletic competition in December 1954 to practice medicine. He wrote an autobiography, Four Minute Mile, published in 1955, and was knighted in 1975.5.The New York Marathon (Para 19): in the fall, the largest running event in the U.S., annuallyattracting 30,000 or more entrants in a race through the five boroughs.V. Writing strategy:1. Beginning an essay with a personal story1) Read quickly through the Writing Strategy part in Unit 4, which is on ways to begin anessay, then look at the beginning of Text A of this unit, and decide what method is usedhere to introduce the topic.T here are usually five ways to begin an essay: using a quotation, stating the time and place of the event to be described, providing relevant background information, and giving a surprising or interesting fact.T ext A of this unit starts with a personal story, which could also be very appealing to readers. Personal experiences sound real. They can also narrow the distance between the author and the reader.2) Look at the four pieces of advice offered by the author, and decide what ways are used tobegin each of them.The author offers four keys to getting hired. All are instructive yet each is begun in a waydifferent from the rest stylistically. Let’s have a closer look at them one by one.Key 1 starts with a quotation–“If you miss one day of practice, you notice the difference,”the saying goes among musicians. “If you miss two days of practice, the critics notice thedifference. If you miss three days of practice, the audience notices the difference.”Key 2 starts with a surprising fact–“Recently I played a doubles tennis match paired with a 90-year-old.”Key 3 begins with a question—“Do you remember the four-minute mile?”Key 4 begins with a personal opinion–“In my opinion, the majority of New York cabdrivers are unfriendly, if not downright rude. Most of the cabs are filthy, and almost all of themsport an impenetrable, bulletproof partition”.All this makes the article more appealing to the readers.2. The use of examples in illustrating one’s pointsSuggestions without examples are dry and hard to understand; suggestions with examples are comparable to bones covered with flesh. In this text the author supports his suggestions about job application with a number of examples. Read the text quickly and try to find the supporting examples the author uses:Suggestions Examples1. Prepare to win 1. Michael Jordan2. Never stop learning 2. a 90-year-old tennis player3. Believe in yourself, even 3. the 4-minute mile, the New York Marathonwhen no one else does and the Vietnam veteran4. Find a way to make a difference 4. a New York cabdriverVI. Assignment:1. Do the exercises after text A in vocabulary I, II and III.2. Read the text and try to get the main idea and the structure of the text.The second two periods:I. Check on the exercises on vocabulary I, II and III.II. Text structurePart I (paras1-6): A recent college graduate failed to answer the questions at aninterview because of lack of preparation.Part II (paras7-27): Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee.1. Prepare to win2. Never stop learning3. Believe in yourself, even when no one else does4. Find a way to make a differencePart III (paras28-31): Everyone should make his or her own tracks in whatever he or shedoes.III. Detailed study of the textComprehension questions1.What is the writer according to what he says at the beginning of the text?-----A company owner.2.What kind of answers did he get from the college gradate who wanted a job?----- The answers he got from the applicant were mostly “No”.3.What conclusion did the writer draw from the young applicant’s answers?4.-----Since the answer to every question was the same: no, so the writer concluded from all these that this applicants are quite not suitable for this job.5.What is the first suggestion the writer gives to job applicants?-----To prepare themselves well for the jobs6.What changes have taken place with employees since the writer’s college days?7.------They have to face more challenge than before.8.What example does the writer use in support of his second suggestion?------A 90-year-old tennis player.9.What’s the writer’s third suggestion mainly concerned with?10.-------Believe in yourself, even when no one else does.11.Why does the writer talk about the cabs in New York when he gives the forth suggestion?12.-------He just wanted to give the readers a living proof that you can always shift the odds in your favor.13.What was it about the cabdriver that particularly impressed the writer-------His attitudes towards the customers.14.What made the writer travel with his mentor Curt Carlson’s jet and what happened on theday of departure?15.------The author had to get to a meeting and his friend Curt offered him a ride, and it happened to be a day the city was hit by the worst snowstorms in years.16.Why was Curt Carlson so happy when they were taxiing down the runway?------He was happy to be the first.12. What point does the writer want to make by talking about his mentor, Curt Carlson?------To be optimistic whenever you meet whatever kind of trouble.IV. Explain some important language points in the text.1. grill: (infml.) question intensely; cook under or over direct heatcollocation: grill sb. (about/on sth.)e.g.: Tom was grilled by customs officers for several hours.The senior detective grilled the young suspect about the robbery case.We could grill the chops on the barbecue.2. follow up: take additional steps to further (a previous action)collocation: follow up withe.g.: If you make a hotel booking by phone, follow it up with written confirmation.We are worried that terrorists will follow up their threats with bomb attacks.3. (as) the saying goes: used to introduce a particular phrase that people often saye.g.: As an old English saying goes, “If you want to live and thrive, let a spider run alive”As the saying goes, “He who laughs last laughs longest.”4. incidentally: by the way (used when adding more information to what was said before, or whenyou want to talk about sth. else you have just thought of .)e.g.: Incidentally, this wine goes particularly well with cheese.Incidentally, if you want to see her again, let me know.5. take/have a crack (at): try to do (sth.)e.g.: They have decided to have a crack at the doubles championship.I would like to take a crack at the Olympic title again before I retire.6. pry: try to look into private facts about a personcollocation: pry into sth.e.g.: We don’t want people prying into our affairs.Some reports like to pry into film stars’ private life.7. beyond anyone’s\one’s wildest dreams: more than anyone\one can ever imaginee.g.: Ten years ago it was beyond my wildest dreams that I could afford a car.Scientists have made an invention which is to change our lives beyond our wildest dreams.8. from one’s\the standpoint (of): from one’s\the viewpoint(of)e.g.: From a human standpoint, all of the world’s physical resources are in finite supply.V. Teacher sums up the whole story and assigns:1. Make your own comments on the four tips and try to discuss their importance to your life with your classmates. If possible, apply them in your life and try to see whether they can promote your relationship with your peers and contribute to your success.2. Finish off the rest exercises after text A.3. Preview the important words and phrases in text B:excerpt; foundation; get in; occupy; dictate; quiver; intricate; took away; came at; outer;administration; benign; take onThe third two periods:I. Dictation:1. prepare for the interview2. grill sb. in a mock interview3. be right for the job4. follow up the interview with another letter5. call on a perspective customer6. work on one’s weakness7. living proof8. shift the odds in one’s favor9. sparkle with excitement10. make one’s track in the snowII. Checks on the assignment:1.Teacher guides students through some exercises.2.Ask several students to make sentences with the words and phrases.Then come to text B:Text B A Mortal FlowerIII. Introduction to text B:In Text A we have learned how to prepare for a job interview. As all of us see, the 4 tips the author gives us are very useful. Now in Text B, we will see what a young girl did before and in a job interview in the autobiographic story of famous Chinese writer Han Suyin.IV. Role play:The teacher asks some students to perform a job interview and then asks the rest students to comment on the performance.Now let’s make some role play on the topic of job interview. Form some pairs, one acts as the interviewee and the other acts as the interviewer. Try to make the play vivid and constructive. There are some situations from which you can choose one:The interview for the job vacancy: 1. English teacher2. waiter in a restaurant3. librarian4. lab helper5. babysitterYou can use the questions put forward by the author of text A in the job interview at the beginning of the text. And you can also use your own questions on such information as the following: working experience; education; qualifications; employment objectives; professional interests; references.Comment on the performance:Did the interviewees follow the tips of the author of text A ExamplesV. Assignment:1. Read the text carefully and try to catch the detailed information about the girl’s preparation for and the performance in the job interview.2. Do the exercises after text B.The forth two periods:I. Check the assignment:Ask some students to do the exercises after text B.II. Detailed study of the textComprehension questions:1.Why were the author’s parents not confident of her success when she wrote for the job?2.------They thought she lacked connections.3.Why did the author want to get the job4.------To support herself in her education.5.What did the author do to disguise her age?------She applied makeup.4. How did the author feel at the interview------Nervous.5. What did the author impress deeply on the Comptroller------Good English.The teacher sums up the story and relates it to text A:In Text A we have learned how to prepare for a job interview. As all of us see, the 4 tips the author gave us are very useful. In Text B, we have learned what the young girl did before and in a job interview. Now consider the question:Did the girl in text B fulfill the requirements of the four tips in text A?------Yes, she fulfilled the requirements of the first and the third tips:a. Prepare to win. Though she was young, she wrote good English, better than all the otherapplication letters, which impressed the employer and won a chance of interview.b. Believe in yourself, even when no one else does. She had confidence in herself and appliedfor the job by writing an application letter to the employer, though even her parents had no confidence in her.II. Explain some important language points in the text.1. apply v. 1) make a formal requestcollocation: apply to sb. for sth.e.g.: You should apply immediately to him for the job you want.2) make practical use of sth.collocation: apply sth. to sth.e.g.: The result of this research can be applied to new developments in technology.2. get in 1) take from a person or placee.g.: Neither Father nor Mother thought I would get in.2) collect or gather sth.e.g.: A month later we will get these crops in.3. make sense 1) have an understandable meaninge.g.: What you say makes no sense.2) be sensiblee.g.: It doesn’t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just asgood.4. reckon v. be of the opinion that sb. or sth. is as specifiedcollocation: reckon sb./sth. as sth.e.g.: We reckon that he is too old for the job.5. occupy v. 1) fill (time, place, etc.)e.g.: The speeches occupy three hours.2) fill one’s time or keep oneself busycollocation: occupy oneself in doing sth./ with sth.e.g. The child occupied himself in playing the flute.6. dictate v. 1) say (words) aloud for sb. else to write downcollocation: dictate sth. to sb.e.g.: The teacher dictated a passage to the class.2) give orders to sb. esp in an officious waycollocation: dictate to sb.e.g. You can’t dictate to people how they should live.7. take on 1) employe.g.: She was taken on as an assistant.2) begin to have (a particular quality, appearance, etc.)e.g. Her eyes took on a hurt expression.III. Assignment:Write a job application letter applying for the job vacancy of a college teacher according to the guidelines in Writing Strategy on Page 105.。
上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book2-unit2
Unit 2 ValuesTeaching Objective:1. Understand the main idea (despite his wealth, Sam Walton remains down-home anddevoted to his team)2. Pay attention to the indirect description in portraying a person.Preview TasksLet students surf the Net or read some books in order to find out some information about Sam Walton and Wal-mart and answer the following question.1. Who is Sam Walton? What is Wal-Mart? （See background knowledge）Let students read text A beforehand and try to find the answers to the following questions:2. What made the waiter disappointed?(Para1, 3:the contrast between the waiter’s imagination and the reality about the richest man in America)3. Find some examples to prove that Sam Walton didn't want any special treatment. (Para5-10: Drove his 1979 pickup for many years; Waited in line to buy something in local Wal-mart store; Let his employees address him the first name; Went to the church every Sunday and washed dishes sometime; Used the same barber for 19 years and fetched the money by himself when he forget taking money with him.)4. What was Sam's main concern as founder of Wal-Mart? (Para15)The real story in his mind is the success achieved by the 100, 00 people who make up the Wal-Mart team. His real concern is his store.5. What did he think are the main reasons for his success? (Para16, 19, 21)The reason for his success is his people and the way they're treated and the way they feel about their company.Introductory words:We all are looking forward to success and the realization of our dreams. As for some people, to become a millionaire is their lifelong goal. Therefore, they select the America, the most powerful country in the whole world nowadays as their destination, because it is said to be the fairy land to get whatever you want. But does success only mean the possession of a large amount of money or high position? In this unit, we will discuss the value of life and the true meaning of being rich.First period (90 minutes)I. As we have given assignments of the background knowledge in preview tasks, so first of all, we give students the chance to stand up to tell what they have already known about Sam Walton and Wal-Mart.II. Then the teacher can make a supplement. In this way, students can gradually learn how to learn by themselves and how to collect information with the help of the Internet and library.Background Knowledge1.Sam Walton:Born: 29 March 1918Birthplace: Kingfisher, OklahomaDied: 6 April 1992 (died of multiple myeloma)Best Known As: Founder of discount retailer Wal-MartSam Walton, with his brother Bud Walton, founded Wal-Mart, the chain of discount variety stores that in the 1990s became the world's largest retailer.Sam Walton went into the retail business in 1945. His store was a franchisee of the Butler Brothers, which consisted of two chains. Sam store was going to be a variety store and with the assistance of the Butler Brothers, his store led in sales and profits in the six-state region. Sam made this possible by properly stocking all the shelves with a wide range of goods with very low prices, keeping his store centrally located so it was easily accessible to many customers, stayed open later than most stores especially during Christmas seasons, and experimented with discount merchandising ( buying straight from the wholesaler which enable him to lower his price per item and then was able to sell a greater quantity of goods, and thereby increasing his sales volume and profits). All these were ideas were new to businesses but Sam caught on fast and was able to use them to his advantage. To keep his stores running in tip top shape Sam was always trying to find new ideas to improve business. The next new thing he found was a concept known as self-service.By the time Wal-Mart first opened in 1962 he owned a chain of 15 variety stores in Arkansas, Missouri and Oklahoma. Walton's savvy marketing skills and attention to detail led to Wal-Mart's expansion throughout the United States.By 1990 Wal-Mart was the nation's top retailer in terms of sales, and Walton was one of the richest men in the world. After his death in 1992 the company continued to expand, including online commerce and stores around the world. By 2001 there were more than 4,500 Wal-Mart stores worldwide.Famous quotations from Sam Walton:--High expectations are the key to everything.--There is only one boss—the customer. And he can fire everybody in the company from the chairman on down, simply by spending his money somewhere else.--There's a lot more business out there in small town America than I ever dreamed of. --We let folks know we're interested in them and that they're vital to us. Cause they are.--I had to pick myself up and get on with it, do it all over again, only even better this time.--"We're all working together; that's the secret. And we'll lower the cost of living for everyone, not just in America, but we'll give the world an opportunity to see what it's like to save and have a better lifestyle, a better life for all. We're proud of what we've accomplished; we've just begun."2. Wal-Mart:Wal-Mart Stores, founded by Sam Walton in 1962, is the largest retail chain in the U.S. Its first shop was opened near Rogers, Arkansas and had grown to more than 1,100 stores by mid-1988, with around 600,000 Americans working for it. The prices are low and value and customer service are high every day. So the customers do not have to wait for a sale to realize savings.3. Dime store:It is also called 5 & 10, five-and-dime, ten-cent store. It offers a wide assortmentof inexpensive items, formerly costing five or lower cents, hence it gets the name.4. Forbes:It is an American business magazine, noted for its lists of the top celebrities in business, such as Top 100 Celebrities, 400 Richest Americans, World Richest People, World's Most Powerful Women, etc.In the latest list, the top ten richest Americans are 1. William H. Gates, 2. Warren E. Buffett, 3.Paul G. Allen, 4. Michael Dell, 5. Lawrence Ellison, 6. Christy Walton, 7. Jim C. Walton,8. S. Robson Walton, 9. Alice L. Walton, 10. Helen R. Walton.After Sam Walton' death, his legacy was inherited by his wife and children. Therefore, we can see that the Walton families are all here.III. Group Discussion1. Do you want to be a rich man?--Yes/No.2. Supposed you were a billionaire, what kind of life would you like?--I would buy a huge house with a swimming pool and a basketball playground.--I would buy several cars for different usages, e.g. a BMW to drive to work, a sport car to travel, etc. Also I want a yacht/boat to enjoy a voyage.--I would like to run a book shop not for profits but for sharing the good ones with others.--I would travel around the whole world. No work and all play is my ideal life. ...3. How can you earn so much money?-- By running a company.-- By buying lottery or stock shares.-- By making PC programmers.-- By foreign trade....4.If you are a boss, how can you make your employees work whole-heartedly and passionately?-- Firstly, I respect them though they work for me. Secondly, I would ask them for advice because they make the products or directly communicate with the customers. Then I would praise the excellent ones and reward them in order to stimulate them to work even harder than before.5. What kind of characteristics/merits do you badly need to rise from nothing?--honesty, ambition, courage, perseverance, persistence, thoughtfulness, creativity, eagerness for success, kindness to the employees, the ability of foretelling the trend and future...IV. Structure AnalysisBeforehand we have given them the questions. Through answering these questions, we can get the general idea of the text and the main structure.Part I: Para 1-4 The waiter was disappointed to find that the richest man inAmerica led so simple a life.Part II. Para 5-13 Being friendly, easy-going and never flashy, Walton carries onlike plain folks and never wants any special treatment.Part III. Para14-22 With the Wal-Mart team in mind, Walton devotes himselfheart and soul to making the business a great success.1. Main idea: see the appendix.2. There are many contrasts in this article. Look at the title. The richest man should be very special, sometimes even strange. Usually the rich men have some unique habits or have some privileges. But Sam is down home and very ordinary. What's more, in the first part, the waiter was looking forward to seeing a huge mansion but only to be disappointed by the completely common house. With these vivid contrasts, it is more impressive that Sam behave in a folksy way.3. The author describes Sam Walton in an indirect way. He doesn't tell us what kind of life Sam live or what kind of person he is or how he manages the stores. Instead, the author employs several examples and let us finds out the facts with our own eyes. Then we would accept it with no doubt. Otherwise, it is hard to believe that such a rich man would behave in the folksy way.V. Detailed Learning of the TextPart One ---- Through the eye of a waiter, we can see Sam’s down home way of life. Step One: ask Ss to browse the part and answer to following questions.1) How did the waiter recognize Sam's house? Is it easy to tell it from others'?-- He stopped at the mailbox marked "Sam & Helen Walton", which indicated that their house was not special at all.2) What disappointed him?-- What he saw was totally unexpected.Imagined--mansion, Rolls-Royce, dogs with diamond collar, servants everywhere Reality-- worn furniture, old pickup truck, muddy bird dog, spot no servantsThe author didn't directly tell us how down home Sam was. Because no matter how hard he tried, people wouldn't believe that the richest man would live such a simple life. Smart as he was, the author told us the truth through the eyes of a waiter. We find our Sam's folksy way by ourselves.Step Two: Language points learningWheel (v.) -- driveRemote -- far away in space or time; far from the cityChain -- a number of shops under the same ownership or managementVI. Assignment: 1. preview next parts and get familiar with new works and phrases.2. Find out the examples the author gave in order to show characters of Sam Walton.Second Period (90 minutes)I. Review: without look the book, let Ss summarize in their own words what thewaiter imagined the life of the richest American would be and what is thereality.II. Detailed Learning of the TextPart Two -- With 3 examples, his character can vividly be shown here.Step One: Group DiscussionIn the preview work, the students have the assignment of prove his folksy way withthe examples. Give them 2 minutes to discuss with the classmates. Then retell it in their own words.Suggested answer:Examples 1:Although he is very rich, his Ford pickup is really out of date. He behaves in the folksy way. When the shooting season comes, he even waits in line at the local Wal-Mart, though actually he is the boss. What's more, Sam even commands his employees to address him Mr. Sam instead of Mr. President.Example 2:No matter how busy he is on Saturday night, Sam goes to the church every Sunday. He doesn't have a set place. He sits at the place wherever he finds a seat. Once after the church supper, the couple even went to wash the dishes.Example 3:Sam has used the same barber for 19 years. Every time Sam waits for him even though the barber opens at 7 a.m. He talks with the barber cheerfully and never throws his weight around. One time Sam forgot taking his wallet, he even went back home to fetch it.Step Two: Detail Analysis1. What can you infer from these examples? What kind of person do you think he is?-- He is friendly, cheerful, and free of self-importance, a fine neighbor who does his best to blend in, never flashy, never throwing his weight round. That is said by all the people, which means it is the truth and his real personality. After one example, the author tells us people's impression on Sam, which turns out to be a more effective way. If he tells us in the very beginning, we may doubt it. But it becomes very convincing after the description of his actual actions. Followed by other two examples, the comment is just proved again that Sam is really down home.2. Does the employees feel comfortable to address their boss by his first name?-- No. At first, they had to struggle to do so. But gradually they accept his folksy way. Few think of his money. They treat him as a colleague and friend.3. Generally speaking, the rich people hire others to clean the house off and on. If they are rich enough, they have the servants to do all the housework. This couple are rich more than enough to do so, but they don't regard themselves as special ones. They are just common people as anybody else in the church. Every one is equal.4. Nowadays, many people want to become famous. In order to achieve their goals, they try every means no matter how indecent it is. Sometimes, one even spread his own scandal if only it can make himself known to others whether it is famous or notorious. Newspaper is the effective way to spread news. Sam owns a newspaper. It really can help him to introduce himself to the Americans in the least. But he doesn't do so. He puts the Forbes list at the bottom of the second page. We know that the important news is generally in the first page to attract reader's attention. The inside news is likely to be ignored, not to speak of the ones at the bottom. Sam doesn't want people to focus on himself. He just wants to live in his own folksy way and be himself.5. Once he forgot his wallet when he went to the barber. It was acceptable to pay next time or not to pay at all as they had known each other for 19 years. But he insisted to go back home to get it. He didn't want any special treatment. With these examples, we can say that Sam is really strange. He doesn't behave like a billionaire at all and even is the same as the common people.Step Three: Language points learning1. get away with -- do sth. without being caught or punishedlocal -- of a certain area, esp. the place near we liveby all accounts -- according to what everyone saysblend in -- mix harmoniouslyreserve -- keep for a special use; bookbury -- to put in a grave; to hide or cover2. come the shooting season -- when the shooting season comesOnly in America can a billionaire carry on like plain folks and get away with it.(inverted sentence)-- A billionaire can behave like the common people and not be caught or criticized only in America.3. Inversion:To explain this grammar explicitly is really laborious. So I'd like to give them some examples to illustrate it.1. Full inversion: 1) 介词短语开头By his side sat his dog.Early in the morning falls the rain.2) adv.开头Here comes Tom. (** Here he comes.)So bright was the moon.2. Half Inversion: 1) 否定词开头No once did he talk to me.Seldom did a man do so.2) Only + 介词短语Only in America can you behave this way.Only by working hard can you succeed. Part Three -- With Wal-Mart team in his mind, Walton devotes himself heart and soul to making the business a great success.Step One: Let Ss browse this part and answer the following questions:1. What was Sam's main concern as founder of Wal-Mart? (para15)-- The real story in his mind is the success achieved by the 100, 00 people who make up the Wal-Mart team. His real concern is his store. Only by doing this way can a businessman succeed. If he wants to develop his own company and make it run smoothly, he must plunge into it. That is universally true no matter what you do. For example, you are the students. Your current task is to master the professional skills and turn to be an useful person in the future. Therefore, you should study very hard and make daily progress.2. What did he think are the main reasons for his success? (para16, 19, 21)-- The reason for his success is his people and the way they're treated and the way they feel about their company. Sam Walton pays much attention to his employees.In order to inspire them to work harder, this old man even jumps up on a chairand leads everyone to cheer the WAL. As the leader of a larger company he doesn't put on air but to blend in with his employees and try to arise their passion.Once they become passionate, the whole team can make miracles. Furthermore, Sam believes in cultivating ideas and rewarding success. He sets up a college scholarship fund for employees’ children, a disaster relief fund to rebuild employee homes, which can reduce their burden. He cares about the employees and try to help them when they are in trouble. If your boss is such a person, won't you devote yourself to your work?Step Two: Detail Analysis1. Direct Speech -- In this part, the author use several direct speeches. We can knowwho said that, which makes the comments vivid and convincing. Through these speeches, we can get a further understanding of Walton and the reason for his great success. In one example, Arend even didn't believe that a boss can be so generous.By comparing with his former boss, we can know he is a unique one.2. What can you get from working for him?-- You may be better off and become rich. But that is not your greatest gains. What's more important is that you have learn how to be a man, how to be a successful man. He tells you to devote heart and soul to your work. Once you want something, work for it. Besides, you should show your appreciation to others. Try to be generous to others and care about them from the bottom of your heart.People can feel it. Though you seem to lose something, you actually gain a lot. 3. What is the meaning of "being rich”?-- Generally speaking, when we talk about wealth, the first idea comes to us is a large amount of money. Owing a lot of money really can enable us to do many things. But only money alone can not make you a complete rich man. What's more important is your mental life. If you only have a lot of money, you indeed are very poor.Step Three: Language points learning1. celebrity -- famous peoplehold to -- keep to; insist to dosteer clear of -- keep away fromon the run -- continuously activebe liable to do -- be likely to dolay down -- establish, set downput off -- disturband the like -- and the things like thiscultivate -- improve, developgenerosity -- the quality of being willing to give money, helpstun -- surprise, shock,deserve -- be worthy of2. Paraphrase:•How long Walton can hold firm to his folksy habits with celebrity hunters keeping following him wherever he goes is anyone's guess.-- Wherever Walton goes, there are many celebrity hunters (reporters) following him.No one knows whether he is really a folksy person or not. If he pretends to be folksy, the hunters must discover it. If not, people are wondering how long he can behave in this way.•Employees with one year on board qualify for stock options.-- If one works in the Wal-Mart for one year, he has the right to buy the stockshares.III. Homework: 1.Exercise2. Retell of the story in the first person.3. Preview Text B and answer the following questions.①What did President Jimmy Carter and his wife do after leaving White House?-- They learnt something new and used back-to-basics skills toconfront and resolve their painful political defeat.②What’s the couple’s suggestion t o average people no matter whatstage of live they may be in?-- They encourage people to take on new things that might lookvery difficult, but that become very rewarding once the person isinvolved.Third Period (90 minutes)I. Revision and Exercise:1. Let students retell their own version to their desk mates.2. Dictation:Jack was on the run since the moment he came aboard. He was always cheerful and devoted himself heart and soul to his work. Because of his excellent performance he was promoted to CEO. From then on he tried hard to blend in with the workers and never threw his weight around. He also laid down a reward system to encourage the workers to work hard. He believed that loyalty and hard work would greatly contribute to the success of the company. By all accounts he was an outstandingchief executive officer.3.Check the exercise.II. Explanation of Text BText BStep One: Introductory Words:In text A, we know the life of the richest man in America, then how about the life of the most influential person and family in America, I mean the life of President and his family—the First family. Lots of Presidents rose from log cabin to White House in America, and in their term, they must have experienced a different life, then have you ever thought the life of them when they left the White House? How did they cope with the difference? In this text, we are going to know one of them—President Jimmy Carter. No matter in his presidency or after it, he tried to keep a simple and easy life, which is similar to the life of common Americans.This text is special because there are so many words in quotation marks, so we may infer that it is some excerpts from the author’s interview to President Jimmy Carte r and his wife. Now please read the text by yourself and answer the following questions: Step Two: Questions:1. Where did the interview take place?-- In the porch of Carter’s log cabin in a small south Georgia town. (Para 1)2. Why is the “swing” in par agraph 1 special?-- Because the swing was designed and built by the former president himself. (Para 1)3. What is the implied meaning of his wife’s words in paragraph 3 “He used nails then,now he builds everything without nails.”-- The wife wants to tell us that the skill of the President is improving gradually.Now he is rather skillful. (Para3)4. Why did Carter occasionally managed to slip in a few hours at the carpenter’s shed at Camp David?-- Because the President thinks that it’s a kind of t herapy, and a steady force in his life—a total rest for his mind. (Par5)5. Why did the couple try to relate their lives not to the White House, but to plains inthe book Everything to Gain?-- There are a couple of reasons: first, they want to show the attraction of a small town; second, to make it clear that the book is not just about a couple who happened to have been the First Family of the nation; it’s also written for the average person who experienced unexpected change in life.6. According to Carter, Why people today are luckier than people in the past? (Para 8) -- Because they have more free time. (Para 13)7. What did the couple suggest people do no matter what stage of live they may be in? -- They encourage people to take on new things that might look very difficult, but that become very rewarding once the person is involved. (Para 13)8. After reading the text, try to summarize what the President do to cope with his life after leaving White House?-- They learnt something new and used back-to-basics skills to confront and resolve their painful political defeat.Preview Task: Read the text in detail and try to grasp the structure and some important words and phrases.Fourth Period (90 munites)The author portrays the President through th e President’s or his wife’s own words, or we can say a“direct description”, Which is different from text A which portrays the character by indirect methods.I. Structure:Part One 1-3 Through describing the swing and many other things made by the Presidenthimself, the author tries to tell us what did the President doafter he has left the White House.Part Two 4-11 The author tells us in detail that why the President enjoys theback-to-basic skills during and after his presidency, and whatdid he and his wife actually do.Part Three 12-13 Suggestions the couple give to average people.II. Important words and phrases:1.Restoration: ~ to sth. Restoring to a former place or condition.Restore: v.ze: v. ~ about/around, be lazy, relax, rest. E.g. Laze by the river all day.3.Sip: v. drink sth., take very small quantities each time. E.g. Sip one’s coffee.4.Overlook:v. ①have or give a view of (a place) form above. E.g. my roomoverlooks the sea. ②take no notice of (sb. or sth.); ignore. E.g. we cannot afford to overlook the minor mistake.5.Campaign:v. ~ for/against sb/sth, take part in or lead a campaign. E.g.campaigning for one’s rights.6.Slip:v. ①go somewhere quietly or quickly in order not to be noticed. E.g. thethief slipped out by the back door. ②slide accidentally, lose one’s balance and fall or nearly fall in this way. E.g. She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg.7.Ups and downs: (idm) alternate good and bad luck. E.g. He stuck by her throughall life’s ups and downs.8.Reinforce:v. give more support to (sth); emphasize: E.g. Reinforce one’s opinion,argument, conviction, etc.9.Involve: v. ①cause sb to take part in sth. E.g. Don’t involve me in solving yourproblems; ②include: e.g. the strike involved many people. ③~ sb in sth: show sb to be concerned in (a crime, etc.)10.Conduct: v. undertake, carry out. E.g. ~ business, a meeting, negotiations, etc.11.Resolve: v. ~ on/upon/against sth/doing sth. decide formly; determine . E.g. Sheresolved that she would never see him again.12.Relate: v. connect, associate: ~sth to/with sth; ~ to sb/sth;13.Additional: adj. Added; extra; supplementary. E.g. ~ charges, candidates,supplies.14.Appeal: v. ①~ to sb (for sth); ~ for sth. make an earnest request ②~ (to sb) beattractive or interesting (to sb)15.Take on: undertake; decide to do. E.g. take on extra work.16.Crisis: n. time of great danger or difficulty.III. Translation of important sentences:1.I think that skill with one’s own hands—whether it’s tilling the soil, building ahouse, making a piece of furniture, playing a violin or painting a painting—is something that does’t change with the ups and downs of life.我认为手艺——不管是耕地，造房子，做家具，拉小提琴，还是画图——不会因生活的起起落落而改变。
全新版大学英语综合教程第二册第四单元课后练习答案unit 4 book 2
Unit4 The Virtual WorldPart II Reading TaskComprehensionContent QuestionPair Work1.She used to be a television producer, but now she is a writer.2.She writes and edits articles online, submits them via email, and communicates withcolleagues via the Internet, too.3.She could stay computer-assisted at home for weeks, going out only t get mail, newspapersand groceries.4.They feel as if they had become one with the computer, and life seems to be unreal.5.That people who grew used to a virtual life would feel an aversion to outside forms ofsocializing.6.She gets overexcited, speaks too much, and interrupts others.7.She is bad-tempered, easily angered, and attacks everyone in sight, all because she has longbecome separated from others and lacks emotional face-to-face exchanges with people.8.She fights her boyfriend, misinterpreting his intentions because of the lack of emotionalcues given by their typed dialogue.9.Because we rely on co-works for company.10.She calls people, arrangers to meet the few friends remaining in the City, gets to the gym,arranges interviews for stories, doctor’s appointments---anything to get her out of the house and connected with others.11.No, she doesn’t feel happy. She feels being face to face is intolerable.12.She makes her excuses and flees, re-enters her apartment, runs to the computer, clicks onthe modem, and disappears into the virtual world again.Text OrganizationWorking On Your Own1.1.2-32.1,4-10,133.114.122.The first paragraph describes the consequences of living a virtual life and the last tells of the author’s escape back into it. Together, they bring out the dilemma people at present are in: Because of modern technology, we have a choice between a virtual life and real life, but find both unsatisfactory.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1)routine(2)for company(3)unemployment(4)externally (5)drug abuse(6)restore(7)fled(8)gym(9)set apart(10)appointmentsVocabularyI 1.1)conversely2)but then3)symptom4)spitting 5)abusing6)tone7)took; in8)editing9)have arranged10)in sight11)stretched12)data2.1)smoking cigarettes jars on me.2)find themselves getting sucked in.3)has arranged for a technician from the computer store to check and repair it.4)fled their country to avoid military service/fled to other countries to avoid militaryservice.5)restore people’s confidence in it.3.1)the virtual; on line; via2)nightmare; routine; any appointment; arrange for3)cue; remarks; his tuneI.Collocation1.We came here all the way on foot.2.Private cars are not allowed on campus.3.They are on vacation in Florida.4.Mary has been talking to her friend on the phone for an hour.5.Don’t worry, Lucy is always on time.6.Industrial demand on fuel is on the rise.age1.hard2.difficult3.impossible4.tough5.hard6.easyprehensive Exercises IV.cloze1.(1)Internet(2)click(3)virtual(4)routines(5)arrange(6)nightmare (7)annoying(8)connection(9)crawls(10)take in(11)spit(12)data(13)sucked into(14)At times(15)flee(16)on line2.(1)companion(2)deliver(3)access(4)enables(5)customers(6)delights(7)provides (8)small(9)remote(10)informationV.Translation1.1)Research shows that laughter can bring a lot of health benefits.2) A show Internet connection speed is really annoying.3)As the law stands, helping someone commit suicide is a crime.4)In her report, Mary tries to interpret the data from a completely different angle.5)Sue is a girl of great talent. Her amazing memory sets her apart from her classmates. 2.Perhaps you envy me for being able to work from home on the computer. I agree that the Internet has made my job a lot easier. I can write, submit and edit articles via email, chat with my colleagues on line and discuss work with my boss. With a click of the mouse, I can get all the data I need and keep up with the latest news. But then, communicating through the Net can be frustrating at times. The system may crash. Worse still, without the emotional cues of face-to-face communication, the typed words sometimes seem difficult to interpret.。
上外全新版大学英语综合教程讲义-book2-unit4
Unit Four The Virtual WorldTeaching Objectives1. Ss should grasp the main idea of text A——Despite the many negative effects of virtual life, the author prefers it to real life.2. Ss should understand the structure of the text——Contrast between virtual life and real life.3. Learn some rules of interpreting new vocabulary and usage related to computers and the Internet in English4. Grasp the key language points and grammatical structures in the text.The First Two Periods (90minutes)Part I. Review of Unit Three (10minutes)Part II. Introductory Remarks:1. Ask Ss to answer the following questions: (15minutes)1) Do you like surfing online? How long do you spend online every day?2) What do you usually do online?——checking email, chatting with friends, acquiring information, reading and watching news, watching films, purchasing, etc.3) What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet?——advantages: Life becomes more convenient with the help of the internet.①We can communicate with relatives and friends through email, QQ, MSN despite the distance between us.②We can acquire information, news, knowledge more quickly.③we can purchase some items we need with a cheap price online without going out.——disadvantages:①Harmful information also spread rapidly. Virus spread quickly.②Some students are indulge in net-games and lots of precious time is wasted.③Cyber-love appears which is not real.④Some people conduct illegal affairs and cheating through the Internet.⑤some kind of criminals such as hackers’ crimes.2. Listen and appreciate the poem Surfing the Internet(10 minutes)You are not the only one who likes surfing the net, most of the people nowadays like logging onto the web. The following poem tells us the experience and feeling of an employee who surfs the net in his company.1) Listen and explanation of the poem2) T asks Ss the following questions:①What was the hero doing when his boss came in? (Surfing the Internet)②How did he act in front of his boss?(He pretended to be surprised at the computer which had crashed “unexpectedly”.3. Now you may guess out what we are going to talk in the unit. It’s something about the Internet. Here I’d like to share with you some Internet-related words and formation forms. (15 minutes)The following combining forms/prefixes “C yber-, virtual, Net- (net-), Web- (web), and E- (e-)”are computer and Internet related vocabulary in English.2) combining forms/prefixes + verb.Cybersurf (网络漫游), netsurf (网络漫游), websurf (网络漫游), email (发送电子邮件)3) “cyber”, “net”, etc. + suffix.cyberian (cyber+ian, 网络用户), cyberphobia (cyber+phobia, 电脑恐惧症),cybernaut (cyber+naut, 网络用户), cyberize (cyber+ize, 使联网),webify (web+fy, 使万维化), netter (net+er, 网民)4) Clipped words.Cyberdoc (cyber+doctor, 网络医生), netcast (net+broadcast，网络播放),netiquette (net+etiquette, 网规), netizen (net+citizen, 网民),netpreneur (net+entrepreneur, 网络企业家), webcam (web+camera, 网络摄像机), webliography (web+bibliography, 网络书目), webnomics (web+economics, 网络经济),webzine (web+magazine, 网络杂志), e-tailing (electronic+retailing, 电子零售),e-zine (electronic+magazine, 电子杂志).Part III. Detailed Study of Text A1. Leading in (2 minutes)As we have discussed just now, the Internet has its advantages and disadvantages. Some people think that the world Internet brings to us is not real, as the title of the Unit suggest, it’s a virtual world. Some of us like to live a life in contact with real things and real people, but others favor a virtual existence. Which life is better? I’m sure you have different opinions. Now let’s read Text A to find out what Maia Szalavitz has to say about these two life styles.2. Text Organization (15 minutes)Step one: Let students read the text quickly and try to find the answer to the following questions.1) How does the author manage her daily life?2) How does the author behave when she is suddenly confronted with real live humans?3) What does the author do to restore balance to her life?4) Does the author feel happy when she returns to the real world? Why and why not?Step two: T draws Ss’ attention to divide the text into four parts with reference to Text Organization 1 in page 107.Structure:Part 1: paras 2-3 description of the author’s virtual lifePart 2: paras1, 4-10, 13 how she feels about it after staying on the Net for a whilePart 3: para 11 what she does to return to the real worldPart4: para 12 how she feels about the real worldThe first paragraph tells about the consequences of living a virtual life and the last tells about the author’s return to it. Together, they show us the dilemma people are in: because of modern technology, we have a choice between a virtual life and real life, but we find both unsatisfactory. The author, however, finally has to choose the latter despite its negative effects.3. Cultural notes (see reference book)4. Analysis of the Text in Detaili) Analysis of Paragraph 1 (15 minutes)Step one:Ask Ss to read paragraph 1 and answer the following question:The author tells us that “after too long on the Net, even a phone call can be a shock”, How does shesupport the point in the following sentences?——My boyfriend’s accent, secretary’s clipped tone.Step two: paraphrase1) My boyfriend’s Liverpool accent suddenly becomes impossible to interpret after his easily understoodwords on screen.——After long time of reading his words on screen, it’s impossible for me to interpret his Liverpool accent all of a sudden.Attention: Adjectives followed by an infinitive active in form but passive in meaning.Adjectives like easy, hard, impossible, difficult and tough could be followed by an infinitive which is active in form but passive in meaning.(Refer to page 113, exercise III)…becomes impossible to interpret. = …becomes impossible to be interpreted.Step three: Language points1) virtual2) interpret: distinguish interpret and translate3) clipped: pronounce clearly 发音清楚的4) tone: distinguish tone (语气语调) and accent (口音)She took an angry tone with the reporters. 她带着怒气与记者说话He has an American accent. 他说话带美国口音5) rejecting: make other rejectreject: To refuse to accept, submit to, believe, or make use of.拒绝：拒绝接受，屈服，相信或使用e.g. reject an offer of help拒绝别人提供的帮助6) stretch: (cause to) become longer, wider, etc. without breakingstretch one's legs: 伸长腿; 出去遛遛stretch out a helping hand: 伸出一只援助的手stretch every nerve to do sth.: 全神贯注地做某事7) highlight: An especially significant or interesting detail or event.最重要的或最有趣的细节或事件5. Homework: preview the rest part of the text (7minutes)1) Try to summarize the author’s feeling and behavior after long time on the net.2) Find out what does the author do to restore balance to her life?The Second Two Periods (90 minutes)1. Review (10 minutes)1) Please tell us the some prefixes and combining forms related to the Internet and computer. And cite some examples.2) Translate the following sentences①My boyfriend’s Liverpool accent suddenly becomes impossible to interpret after his easily woods onscreen.显示屏上看惯了我男朋友那些一目了然的文字，他的利物浦口音一下子变得难以听懂。
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Unit 2“Future”, is a puzzling word for all the people in this world, including the scientists and the common. What will the world be like in five hundred year’s time A thousand years’ time Or more Some people are pessimistic, and fear that things can only get wore because people may be slaves of the developed science and technology. Others are optimistic, looking forward to a better world and a happy life with the development of science and technology. In this Unit, we are given two texts about “smart cars”, a kind of intelligent products that bring so much convenience to people in the future. Then let’s come to Unit2 and learn something about “smart cars” in about 7 classes. .Objectives in Unit 2:⒈words and phrases:alert application capability convert correlate decrease(increase) drastically eliminate expansion prototype manufacturing in the air take control of get/be stuck in turn(sth.) into/become a reality appropriate implement outline permanent thereby at the start of by means of in cooperation with⒉structure:double prepositionsV. + it +adj. + to do“” (present or past) is used as adjective to modify noun.⒊ learn some techniques in expository writing (definition, quote, a mixture of facts and opinions, etc.)4. writing: how to write a resume ( need explaining in detail)--- for homework to introduce next unit.For the first period: (1st,2nd class) have a revision of Unit 1 and come to Unit 2(words and phrases)Text A Smart CarsⅠSOME QUESTIONS for group discussion: (30 minutes)What will the world be like in the future (worse or better) What aspect do you think in the world will change mostWorse: destroyed by the people themselves, war, depend excessively on advanced science and technology to become lazy, indifferent, lack love between people and people, the Judge Day. Better: make good use of science and technology to improve the world, a world garden, a society like Communist Society, happy life, shareAspect: people’s life ,( way of thinking, custom)With the development of science and technology, what will happen to cars What can be called “smart cars”—In the film “007”, a “smart car ” is described. It was a transportation for Bond and the name was “the vanish”. It was a car of “adopted camouflage. Tiny cameras on all sides…project the image they see onto a light-emitting…polymer skin on the opposite side. For the casual eyes, it’s as good as invisible. Plus all the usual refinements, ejector seat…”Would you like to drive a smart car Why or why notLike—convenient, comfortable, a vehicle avoiding traffic accidents, safe, with many functions thatwe can imagineDo not like—can not enjoy the pleasure of driving a car, too complex④ Free writing :(Finish it in ten minutes)*You may begin with the sentences:A. If I could afford a car, I will buy one without hesitation because…….B. Even if I could afford a car, I may not actually want to drive one because…...*State your viewpoints to the other students in your groupⅡ Background information (Introduction of Cars) : (10 minutes)The invention of cars ─ The first self-propelled car was built by Nicolas Cugnot in 1769 which could attain speeds of up to 6 kms/hour. In 1771 he again designed another steam-driven engine which ran so fast that it rammed into a wall, recording the worlds first accident.Some famous brands of cars ─General MotorsFord Motor Company(Ford Lincoln Mercury Mazda Volvo JaguarLand Rover Aston Martin)DaimlerChrysler （戴姆勒-克莱斯勒）(DaimlerChryslers’ passenger car b rands include Maybach, Mercedes-Benz, Chrysler, Jeep®, Dodge and smart. Commercial vehicle brands include Mercedes-Benz, Freightliner, Sterling, Western ,Star and Setra)Toyota (Toyota is a world famous brand of cars. The company is in Japan)Mercedes-Benz (This brand has stood for more than 100 years. It is a German company.)From the questions we discussed in the above, we can get a general impression on the future world and the smart cars in the future. Smart cars that can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and drive on their own… all that sounds like a dream maybe become a reality with the help of computer revolution and with the appearance of smart cars, the modern science and technology will bring some effects on man in the future possibly. There by, let’s look at the first text “Smart Cars”.Ⅲ TEXT ORGANIZATION: (15 minutes)Part one paras 1—3 New technology will have a dramatic impact on cars and highways in the 21st century.Part two paras 4—9 With the aid of advanced technology, smart cars will be designed that they can help eliminate traffic accidents, determine their own precise locations and warn of traffic jams.Smart cars are superior to the ordinary cars in many ways: (let the students find answers in this part)Smart cars can see, hear, feel, smell, talk, and act.They can eliminate most car accidents.They can alert the police and provide precise location if stolen.They can monitor one’s driving and the driving conditions nearby.They can alert the driver who feels drowsy.They can locate your car precisely and warn of traffic jams.Part three paras 10—13 GPS and “telematics” will make it possible tobuild smart highways, which will benefit us inmore than one way.ⅣKEY POINTS in the text: (30 minutes)Part one⒈questions: — What are the effects of the computer revolutionIt brings the development of automobile industry and theappearance of the smart cars become possible.⒉language points: ① turn into/become a reality ─ Her dreams of being a college student has turned into a reality.②para1 phrase “remain unchanged” 保持一种状态Keep warmremain untouched remain silentpara2 rank as: put…in a class 被列为…They all agree to rank Addison as a great essayist.…as among… (double preposition. Exercise 1 for structure)para3 key (to): sth. that provides an answer (to a problem or a mystery)General Motors Corporation 通用汽车公司ITS program: 智能运输系统Intelligent Transportation System programITS improves transportation safety and mobility and enhances productivity through the use of advanced communications technologies.Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) encompass a broad range of wireless and wire line communications-based information and electronics technologies. When integrated into the transportation system's infrastructure, and in vehicles themselves, these technologies relieve congestion, improve safety and enhance American productivity.Homework: ① review the key points we have leaned in the part one.② preview the following text, find the difficult sentences, try to memorize the words and expressions in the vocabulary.For the second period: (3rd ,4th class)Part two⒈questi ons: ① ─In what aspects are the smart cars superior to the ordinary cars (text organization 2)② ─What new technology have already been adopted in developing the cars ─We have had the cars that can monitor one’s driving and the driving condi tions nearby; We have had the cars that can determine how sleepy you are as you drive; and in Japan cars with navigational capability have been built.⒉ language points: para4 ① don’t bother to do: take trouble 麻烦Don’t bother to get dinner for me toda y; I’ll eat at a restaurant in town.② via (prep.) 通过by way ofin the air : uncertain— My plan are still quite in the air.There is a peculiar smell in the air.Para 5 ① scan for② Should you make a serious mistake,… (subjuncti ve mood)If you should make a serious mistake,…Para 6 ①MIT: 麻省理工学院Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one of the world’s leading research universities, in Cambridge, Massachusetts. In 1865, the school was opened in Boston by geologist William Barton Rogers who became its first president. Throughout its history MIT has held a worldwide reputation for teaching and reach.② underestimated/overestimatedPara 7 question: what are the two of the most frustrating things about driving a car And how to overcome it ()tune toThey make it possible to determine your location…V. + it +adj. + to doExercise 2 for structurePara 8 convert (to) ─change from one form or use to another (followed by into/to)The signal will be converted into digital code.Para 9 correlate ─have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another (followed by with/to)A mothers smoking in pregnancy correlates with low birth weight in her baby. Part three:⒈questions: How to use GPS and “telematics” in automobile industry in the future What are the benefits—Blind individuals could use GPS…the list of potential uses is endless; put the smart cars on smart high ways—This could prove to be an environmental boon as well, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, as serving as an alternative to highway expansion.⒉ language points: ①be poised to do: (be ready to do) The automobile company is poised to launch its new advertising campaign.②…as the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece…double preposition (exercise on page52)③ GPS:全球性定位系统The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the . Department of Defense. GPS was originally intended for military applications, but in the 1980s, the government made the system available for civilian use. GPS works in any weather conditions, anywhere in the world, 24 hours a day. There are no subscription fees or setup charges to use GPS.Homework: ① review the whole text, especially the key points. Learn to analysis and translate some long sentences if necessary.② finish the exercises.For the third period: (5th class)Have a dictation and explain the rest exercises of text A, especially the words, phrases and translation, help the students memorize all the language points.Dictation: turn it into reality automobile industry manufacturing industry start up the engine alert the police get stuck in traffic a precise frequency decreasing air pollution highway expansion send put a radio signal application approximately eliminate lucrative convert______changed the world during the 20th century, _______in the United States and other industrialized nations. They are indeed of great use to us, but they have brought some______ as well, such as noise and air______, and highway______. It is reported that automobile accidents_____among the leading causes of death or injury throughout the world. Fortunately modern innovators are reinventing the automobile. New propulsion systems, fuels, designs, and means of ______cars have all developed rapidly in the past decade. For example, by using the _____-aided global positioning system (GPS), a computer in the automobile can _____the vehicle’s precise position, and with the application of sensors, smart cars can _____most cars accidents. (Automobiles, particularly, hazards, pollution, fatalities, rank, manufacturing, satellite, locate, eliminate)Explain the exercises together, especially vocabulary, structure, cloze .(6th class) come to text BText B Intelligent vehiclesObjectives:This text is used as a fast reading to practice stude nt’s ability for reading comprehension.Try to grasp the new words and phrase listed in the box.learn to comprehend the sentences and translate them into Chinese.Step one: give students 15 minutes to read the text and at the same time finish the following questions (for first seven N, Y and NG, the next three brief answer s)We only eliminate the more that ten percent of the traffic crashes that are caused by human errors by driving the intelligent car. (N)We can infer that the author believes that human drivers cannot travel close behind other vehicles. (Y)The author mentions the Futurama as an example to explain a failed attempt at automation. (N) Visual systems for observing the road are better than magnetic systems because they do not need special equipment buried in the road. (Y)For observing other vehicles, laser systems are preferred in the USA. (NG)Onboard computers are better than roadside computers for setting lane speed. (N)The author’ attitude towards the future development of automatic transport system is positive. (Y) The distances and closing rates to preceding vehicles can be measured by a _____or a _________. Radar, laser rangefinderThe _______ of these driver muscle functions are electromechanical devices installed in the automated vehicle. EquivalentsThe luxury of being chauffeured to your destination might be enjoyed by all, not just the__________. Wealthiest individualsStep two: Text Organization─Part one (1—2) the benefit to be gained from the intelligent vehicles─eliminate the traffic crashes, reduce antisocial driving behavior, the entire population can enjoy it, reduce the pollution and fuel consumptionPart two (3—15) the way intelligent cars work and the remaining changes as to their application. it is a realistic prospect to have intelligent cars in the near future.it is possible to determine accurately a vehicle’s position and orientation relative to the lane’s center.The distances and closing rates to preceding vehicles can be measured by a radar or a laser rangefinder.the electromechanical devices control the car completely.Computers in the vehicles and those at the roadside decide when and where to change the course.There remains a number of difficulties to be overcome, technical ones especially.Part three (16) the promising future of intelligent cars.Homework：preview the text；read the text in detailFor the forth period:Step three: key points─outline / deadline/ headline/ online/ underlineimplication─ n. implication for sb./sth.The new report has far-reaching implications for the future of broadcasting.这一新报告对广播业的前途有些意味深长的暗示。