【课堂新坐标】2021年高考英语(江苏专版)二轮复习与策略讲练：第1部分 专题1 第4讲 名词性从句
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题1 第10讲 代词和名词
第十讲代词和名词(对应学生用书第28页)1．(2021·江苏高考卷)—Can you tell us your________ for happiness and a long life?—Living every day to the full，definitely.A．recipe B．record C．range D．receiptA[句意：——你能告诉我们你幸福和长寿的秘诀吗？——当然是充实地过好每一天。
recipe秘诀，食谱；record录音，记录；range范围；receipt 收据。
]2．(2021 ·江苏高考卷)Some schools will have to make________ in agreement with the national soccer reform.A．judgments B．adjustmentsC．comments D．achievementsB[考察名词辨析。
句意：为了和全国的足球改革保持一致，一些学校将不得不做出调整。
judgment判断；adjustment调整；comment评论；achievement成就。
]【导学号：25874019】3．(2021 ·江苏高考卷)—Go and say sorry to your Mom，Dave.—I'd like to，but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my________．A．requests B．excusesC．apologies D．regretsC[考察名词辨析。
句意：——戴夫，去和妈妈说声抱歉。
——我愿意去，但是恐怕她不承受我的抱歉。
request请求；excuse借口；apology抱歉；regret 懊悔，遗憾。
]4．(2021·江苏高考卷)She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained apowerful________ in last year's election.A．symbol B．portrait C．identity D．statueA[考察名词辨析。
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题1 第7讲 交际用语
第七讲交际用语(对应学生用书第18页)1．(2021·江苏高考卷)—Going to watch the Women's V olleyball Match on Wednesday?—________！Will you go with me?A．You there B．You betC．You got me D．You know betterB[考察情景对话。
句意：——星期三去看女排比赛吗？——当然啦！你和我一起去好吗？根据答语中的“Will you go with me？〞可知You bet“当然啦〞符合语境。
]2．(2021·江苏高考卷)—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well.—________．Opposites sometimes do attract.A．I hope not B．I think soC．I appreciate that D．I beg to differD[考察情景对话。
句意：——只有那些兴趣相投的人才能相处融洽。
——恕我不能赞同。
有时候，相反的意见也能吸引对方。
I hope not我不希望如此；I think so我认为如此；I appreciate that我很赞同；I beg to differ恕我不能赞同。
]3．(2021 ·江苏高考卷)—Jim，can you work this Sunday?—________？I've been working for two weeks on end.A．Why me B．Why notC．What if D．So whatA[考察情景对话。
句意：——吉姆，周日可以加班吗？——为什么是我呢？我已经连续工作两周了。
why me为什么是我；why not为什么不呢；what if如果……将怎么办；so what那又怎样。
江苏专版2021年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题一语法专题
江苏专版2021年高考英语二轮复习增分篇专题巧突破专题一语法专题专题限时检测(一)名词和代词（共3组，时间限制为20分钟）[模拟题组一]1.（2022年连云港、宿迁和徐州的第一次模拟考试）以人民的名义，apopulartvdrama展示了对反腐斗争的深刻认识。
a．argumentc．reflectionb、主题：印象解析：选c句意：热播剧《人民的名义》深刻地反映了反腐斗争。
reflection“反映，深思”，符合语境。
argument“争论”；theme“主题”；impression“印象”。
2.（2022）中国已于9月15日发射了天宫二号空间实验室，该实验室将为建造四个未来人工空间站奠定基础。
a．foundationc．gravityb、基础D.强调解析：选a句意：中国于9月15日发射了天宫二号太空实验室，这将为建造我们未来载人空间站打下了坚实的基础。
foundati on“基础”；basement“地下室”；gravity“引力”；emphasis“强调”。
3.（2022年无锡市高中第一次模拟考试）-彼得，蒂西莎娜，来自华纳布罗斯的著名模特。
娱乐公司。
内业。
―howdoyoudo?i'mverydelightedtomakeyour________.a．identificationc．famili arityb、熟悉的身份解析：选b答句句意：你好，很高兴认识你。
makeone'sacquaintance“结识某人”，符合语境。
id entification“身份证明”；familiarity“熟悉”；identity“识别”。
4、（2022、桐、Tai、杨、徐、Huai、Su的第一次模拟考试）。
a．preferencec．substituteb、激励方针解析：选c句意：互联网是我们文化生活中非常重要的一部分，它甚至已经变成了面对面交流的替代者，影响着我们的生活。
substitute“代替者；替代物”，符合语境。
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题3 模式4 词义猜测题
模式4| 词义猜想题(对应学生用书第52页)单词、短语的含义单词表示的对象句子的含义代词的指代对象根据上下文猜想单词或短语的含义。
猜想单词(一般是名词)代表什么范畴的东西。
根据上下文猜想某个句子的含义。
根据上下文猜想代词it，they，that，these，those代指的人或物。
解题技巧，如定义、同位语、定语从句、重述等。
2.利用标点符号，如破折号、冒号、分号、引号后面的内容或括号中的内容。
3.利用文中列举的例子或给出的同义词、反义词等。
4.根据内文逻辑关系，如并列、比照、因果关系等。
5.根据构词法，如前缀、后缀、复合词等。
[典例1] (2021·江苏高考卷，B节选)Before birth，babies can tell the difference between loud sounds and voices.They can even distinguish their mother's voice from that of a female stranger.But when it comes to embryonic learning(胎教)，birds could rule_the_roost．As recently reported in The Auk：Ornithological Ad v ances，some mother birds may teach their young to sing even before they hatch(孵化)．New-born chicks can then imitate their mom's call within a few days of entering the world. 58．The underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 means “________〞．A．be the worstB．be the bestC．be just as badD．be just as good58.B[考察词义猜想。
2019-2020年课堂新坐标江苏专版2017高考英语二轮复习与策略第1部分专题3阅读理解模式2主旨大意题课件
Electronic wastes also contain many poisonous metals.Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed，the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries，in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.
Governments' incentive to require producers to take responsibility for the packaging they produce is usually based on money.Why，they ask，should cities or towns be responsible for paying to deal with the bubble wrap (气泡垫) that encased your television?
Creating products out of raw materials creates much more waste material，up to 100 times more than the material contained in the finished products.Consider again the cell－phone，and imagine the mines that produced those metals，the factories needed to make the box and packaging (包装) it came in.Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful as well.
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题2 技法4 利用词汇复现解题
技法4| 利用词汇复现解题(对应学生用书第38页)词汇的复现关系指的是某一个词以原词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词、概括词或其它形式重复出现在语篇中。
1．原词复现：指的是一个单词在一个语义场中以同样的词形反复出现，有时兼有词性变化。
[典例](2021 ·江苏高考卷) I'm an ambitious ________，and when I started going through chemo(化疗)，even though I'm a very positive person，I lost my drive to write.A．reader B．writer C．editor D．doctorB[句意：我是一个雄心勃勃的作家，当我开场化疗的时候，虽然我是一个很积极乐观的人，但是我失去了写作的动力。
][点拨]根据后面的“I lost my drive to write.〞可知，作者是一个作家(writer)。
write和writer属于原词复现。
2．同义词、近义词的复现：同义词、近义词复现是借助意思一样或相近的表达方式，或解释性的语言使上下文的语义得以连接起来。
[典例1](2021·江苏高考卷) In his first years of high school，Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students，struggling across the campus with their heavy instrument cases，________at school for practice hours before anyone else had to be there.A.rising up B．coming up C．driving up D．turning upD[在他上高中的第一年，加布里埃尔总是同情地看着学音乐的学生，拖着沉重的乐器盒子，困难地在校园里走，在别人还都没到的时候，来到学校，练习几个小时。
高考英语(江苏专版)二轮复习与策略讲练：第1部分 专题4 把握三个复习着手点
把握三个复习着手点学生在做任务型阅读时常遇到的困难是：难以理解文章结构与图表；难以用适当的单词或单词的适当形式填空；不会概括；方法不当，信心不足等。
因此，在备考复习时要有的放矢地进行训练，特别要在以下几个方面注意积累经验。
1．学会查读(1)带着问题有意识地在细节处和关键处做标记；(2)留意最醒目的字眼(time，age，number，place...)；(3)依据信息词搜索所需要的内容。
如：①5W＋H：who，what，when，where，why，how；②时间先后：first，then，after that，next，finally；③因果：because，thus，lead to，caused by，as a result of；④比较：similarly，differently，like，unlike，but，while，however，instead，on the contrary。
2．学会组织、表述信息(1)用名词所有格代替of。
如：the citizens' longer living代替the longer living of the citizens(2)词性转换。
如：原文：Taking a gap year and going to university offer valuable experience in similar ways...转换成表格中：Similarities between taking a gap year and going to university...(3)句子结构转换。
如：原文：One likely development will be a gradual change in the family unit；the other likely development will be a change in the proportion of the nation's workforce.转换成三个词以内的名词短语：family unit change；workforce proportion change(注意抓住句子中传达主要信息的关键词)(4)另选其他词来释义。
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题1 第1讲 时态和语态
第一讲时态和语态(对应学生用书第3页)1．(2021·江苏高考卷)He hurried home，never once looking back to see if he ________．A．was being followed B．was followingC．had been followed D．followedA[句意：他匆匆回家，一次也没有回头看看是否正被跟踪。
这里if引导的宾语从句用过去进展时表示过去某一时刻(hurried home)正在进展的动作。
又因he与follow之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
] 2．(2021·江苏高考卷)He's been informed that he ________ for the scholarship because of his academic background.A．hasn't qualified B．hadn't qualifiedC．doesn't qualify D．wasn't qualifyingC[句意：他被告知，因为其教育背景，他没有资格获得这笔奖学金。
根据语境可知，此处描述的是客观事实，因此使用一般现在时。
]【导学号：25874000】3．(2021 ·江苏高考卷)The real reason why prices ________，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A．were B．will beC．have been D．had beenA[句意：物价为什么(过去)很高，现在依然很高的真正原因很复杂，不是一个简短的讨论就可以满意地解释这个问题的。
根据后面的still are可知，此处是和“现在〞比照，故用一般过去时。
(江苏专用)2021高考英语二轮增分策略专题四任务型阅读第一节技法点拨优选习题
专题四任务型阅读第一节技法点拨把脉近六年任务型阅读考察特点年份话题体裁词数考点原文词汇类转换词汇类概括词汇类2021 艺术促进经济议论文470 2 5 3 2021 人口变化说明文486 2 3 5 2021科技对人类生活的影响议论文435 1 7 22021 不同的人对新闻阅读的不同期待及原因说明文436 3 5 22021 同龄压力议论文410 3 7 / 2021 认真尽责议论文416 5 4 1考情分析1．任务型阅读文章在体裁方面，以议论文为主，兼顾其他类型。
词数在400到500之间，选材新颖，话题贴近实际生活。
要求考生熟悉文章构造、写作特点，准确把握文章主旨大意、写作思路和作者的写作意图等等。
2．图表和阅读文章构造对应，练习中的图表——表格式和树状式都是根据阅读文章的篇章构造进展设计的。
阅读文章，通过其标题、构造和段落设置，可以预测到图表的构造设计；借助表格，我们可以更好地理解文章主题、构造和各细节的具体出处。
文章和表格互为补充，相辅相成。
在完成试题时，结合两者，可以更有效率地完成测试任务。
3．所设题型考察了考生对信息处理的多种能力，要求考生在理解文章的根底上，获得与所提供材料相关的信息，同时要按一定的要求，用特定的词汇进展信息输出。
在考察考生对直接信息的理解能力和获得能力的根底上，更注重考察考生对间接信息的获得能力以及语言概括、表达能力。
在考察中，考生对句子的主谓一致、时态与语态、非谓语动词、固定搭配等语言规那么的理解和掌握的能力尤为重要。
4．文章难度大，题目设置难。
近四年的任务型阅读原文难度均比拟大，同时题目设置也比拟难。
即使文章大意能读懂，也很难做全对。
2021,2021 ,2021的该题型成为英语试卷中的“难啃的骨头〞。
5．2021 ,2021,2021年高考任务型阅读题目使用了表格类，2021,2021,2021年的高考命题使用了树状图，无论是树状图还是表格类，都不影响学生答题。
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题3 类型1 广告宣传
(对应学生用书第55页) 类型1| 广告宣传(对应学生用书第55页)考察要点方法技巧1.广告宣传的目的。
2．广告中提及的时间、地点、人物。
3．所介绍的事物、产品的特征。
4．所宣传的活动、工程的内容及其作用。
，了解大意。
2．找准关键词、关键句，把握住细节。
3．通过分析、比照，筛选出可用信息。
(2021·江苏高考卷，A)-Learning：An Alternative Learning OpportunityDay School ProgramSecondary students across Toronto District School Board (TDSB) are invited to take one or two e-Learning courses on their day school timetable.Students will remain on the roll at their day school.The online classroom provides an innovative，relevant and interactive learning environment.The courses and on-line classroom are provided by the Ministry of Education.These online courses：are taught by TDSB secondary school teachers；are part of the TDSB student's timetable；and，appear on the student's report upon completion.Benefits of e-LearningInclude：access to courses that may not be available at his or her TDSB school；able to regularly use a computer or mobile device with Internet access. Students need to spend at least as much time with their on-line course work as they would in a face-to-face classroom course.A．they are given by best TDSB teachersB．they are not on the day school timetableC．they are not included on students' reportsD．they are an addition to TDSB courses57．What do students need to do before completing e-Learning courses?A．To learn information technology online.B．To do their assignments independently.C．To update their mobile devices regularly.D．To talk face to face with their teachers.【语篇解读】本文是一那么广告。
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题3 类型6 文化教育
类型6| 文化教育(对应学生用书第74页)考察要点方法技巧1．文章的主题。
2．所述文化教育的开展、特点、功能。
3．不同文化教育间的异同、优点及缺点。
4．价值观、道德观、风俗习惯的形成。
1．抓住文章的内在逻辑关系，理清脉络。
2．定位关键信息词、主题句，明确主旨。
3．重点关注所述对象的特征，并进展归纳概括。
(2021·天津高考，C)When John was growing up, other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden，carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood, he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction, a better t of all, he was happier.Far happier.These are the findings of a 40year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，〞said George Vaillant, the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves, others felt good about them.〞Vaillant's study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25, 31 and 47.Under Vaillant, the researchers compared the men's mentalhealth scores with their boyhoodactivity scores.Points were awarded for part-time jobs, housework, effort in school，and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp．Those who had done the most boyhood activities weretwice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Working—at any age—activities help a child develop responsibility, independence, confidence and competence—the underpinnings (根底) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isn't everything.As Tolstoy once said，“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love, to work for the person one loves and to love one's work.〞1．What do we know about John?A．He enjoyed his career and marriage.B．He had few childhood playmates.C．He received little love from his family.D．He was envied by others in his childhood.2．Vaillant's words in Paragraph 2 serve as ________．A．a description of personal values and social valuesB．an analysis of how work was related to competenceC．an example for parents' expectations of their childrenD．an explanation why some boys grew into happy men3．Vaillant's team obtained their findings by ________．A．recording the boys' effort in schoolB．evaluating the men's mental healthC．comparing different sets of scoresD．measuring the men's problem solving ability4．What does the underlined word “sharp〞probably mean in Paragraph 4?A．Quick to react.B．Having a thin edge.C．Clear and definite.D．Sudden and rapid.5．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A．Competent adults know more about love than work.B．Emotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.C．Love brings more joy to people than work does.D．Independence is the key to one's success.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。
江苏专用2021高考英语二轮复习阅读理解组合练一
阅读理解组合练(一)(限时30分钟)A(2021·镇江一模) Over the past few years, smart home tech has become more and more accessible and it's increasingly easy to find that you've bought a product that includes smart home features.So what does a modern smart home look like, and how can you start building one? You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.Ecobee 4*Measuring both occupancy and temperature, its sensors signal your Ecobee to automatically switch to the right mode.*It only takes about 30 minutes, thanks to an easy to follow installation guide and an in app step by step walkthrough.*Easily adjust temperature using your voice with built in Alexa or from wherever you are using your mobile devices.Amazon Smart Plug*Amazon Smart Plug works with Alexa to add voice control.*Schedule lights, fans, and appliances to turn on and off automatically, or control them remotely when you're away.*It's simple to set up and use.Plug in, open Alexa app, and start using your voice.The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb*It works with Amazon Alexa to support dimming through voice control.*Schedule your own custom lighting scenes.Set the smart bulbs to turn on and off at a preset time.*To install, simply screw (拧) the smart bulbs into your desired light location.*Control smart bulb equipped lamps and overhead lights via the Philips Hue App.August Smart Lock Pro*It works with Alexa for voice control (Alexa device sold separately)．*Control keyless access.It locks automatically behind you, and unlocks as you approach.*Install in about 10 minutes with just a screwdriver(螺丝刀)．语篇解读：本文主要介绍了4款打造智能家居的小装置。
2021版江苏专用高考英语二轮复习讲义： 第1部分 专题1 第6讲 状语从句
第六讲状语从句(对应学生用书第16页)1．(2021·江苏高考卷)Located________ the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.A．why B．when C．which D．whereD[句意：由于位于“一带一路〞的交汇处，江苏将为“一带一路〞的建立作出更大的奉献。
where在此引导地点状语从句。
]2．(2021·江苏高考卷)________ some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.A．Because B．If C．Unless D．WhileD[句意：一些人做事的动机是成功的需求，而其他人做事的动机是害怕失败。
while在此处表示比照，意为“然而，但是〞。
]【导学号：25874011】3．(2021 ·江苏高考卷)It is so cold that you can't go outside________ fully covered in thick clothes.A．if B．unless C．once D．whenB[句意：外面很冷，你不能出去，除非你用厚衣服把自己裹得严严实实。
if如果；unless除非；once一旦；when当……的时候。
]4．(2021·江苏高考卷)Lessons can be learned to face the future，________ history cannot be changed.A．though B．as C．since D．unlessA[句意：虽然历史不可改变，但是却可以从中汲取教训面对未来。
though 虽然，尽管；as和……一样；since因为，自……以来；unless除非。
(江苏专用)2021高考英语二轮增分策略专题二完形填空第一节技法点拨优选习题
第一节技法点拨近五年江苏卷完形填空考情统计年份体裁选项设置词汇复现语境词义逻辑关系固定搭配2021 记叙文 1 17 1 12021 记叙文 3 14 2 12021 夹叙类议文 4 14 0 22021 记叙文 1 17 2 02021 记叙文 2 14 1 3分析近五年的江苏卷高考试题，我们不难发现，完形填空的文章体裁主要是记叙文，有时是夹叙夹议文。
内容主要是传播知识，传递正能量，可读性较强。
题型分为句内、句组和语篇等三个层次，以句内层次和句组层次题为主，语篇层次题为辅。
设空以语境题和词汇题为主，较难的语篇层次题仅有3道左右。
这就要求考生在做完形填空题时，心中始终有这三个层次，认真甄别每道题是属于哪种层次，然后再确定用何种方法来解题，从而做到万无一失。
一、解题步骤1．通读全文，把握主旨。
在速读全文的过程中要重视首句、首段的信息，注意找出文章的关键词、中心词，画出某些代表人物和情节的词句，理清“情节线〞和“情感线〞，形成对整篇文章概貌的理解。
2．上下求索，先易后难。
完形填空设题通常分为句内、句组和语篇三个层次，做题时先易后难，遇到没有把握的题目时，可暂时跳过空格，顺着原来的思路继续推进，等到大局部空格选出答案后，借助已补全的信息，回头扫除“最牛钉子户〞。
3．复读全文，微调答案。
做完题后，把填好答案的短文通读一遍，看看有没有明显的语法错误和逻辑冲突，必要时加以改正。
二、解题策略完形填空题的解答实际上就是通过信息破解未知信息。
这需要考生从完形填空文章所包含的庞杂的信息体系中分析、查找、排查无关的信息，定位和查找出与每处具体的填空相关联的信息，再根据这些信息最终得出正确答案。
下面我们将介绍句内、句组和语篇三种层次题的常用解题技巧，看看是如何利用信息来确定未知信息的。
(一)句内层次题1．利用习惯搭配和固定构造解题完形填空中经常会考察一些习惯搭配和固定构造，这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配和固定构造来解题。
例题(2021·全国Ⅰ)．..we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions...51．A.add B．exposeC．apply D．compare分析此题可以利用固定搭配解题。
优化方案（浙江江苏）2021高考英语二轮温习第一部份语法冲破专题三形容词和副词典题在线知能提升
专题三形容词和副词1．(2021·高考江西卷，T23)Thanks for your directions to the house；we wouldn’t have found it ________．A．nowhere B．howeverC．otherwise D．instead解析：选C。
考查副词辨析。
句意：谢谢你告知咱们怎么抵达那所屋子，不然，我们就找不到它了。
由句中的“we wouldn’t have found it”可知此处需用一个意为“否则”的副词，故C项otherwise符合题意。
nowhere“无处”；however“但是”；instead“反而”。
2．(2021·高考湖北卷，T27)What was so ________ about Jasmine Westland’s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare－footed.A．awful B．essentialC．impressive D．obvious解析：选C。
考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：关于Jasmine Westland的胜利让人印象如此深刻(impressive)的是她光着脚在马拉松比赛中夺得了第一名。
awful“恐怖的”；essential“极为重要的，不可缺少的”；obvious“明显的”。
3．(2021·高考湖北卷，T28)Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase，she gave him a ________ smile and let him go.A．cautious B．gratefulC．tolerant D．wild解析：选C。
考查形容词词义辨析。
句意：她没有责备那个打坏了花瓶的孩子，而是给他一个宽容的(tolerant)微笑，并让他走了。
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第四讲名词性从句1．(2021·江苏高考，21)It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.A．why B．whatC．as D．thatD[考查主语从句。
句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人，一切皆有可能。
分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语，故选D项。
It is often the case that...可视为固定句式，意为“通常情况下……”。
] 2．(2021·江苏高考，25)________ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won't accept it.A．That B．WhyC．Where D．HowC[考查名词性从句引导词的选择。
句意：中国的大诗人李白的出生地众所周知，但有些人还不认可。
分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet是Li Bai的同位语，where Li Bai...was born是主语从句，表示“李白出生的地方”。
] 3．(2021·江苏高考，26)—What a mess！You are always so lazy!—I'm not to blame，mum.I am ________ you have made me.A．how B．whatC．that D．whoB[考查名词性从句引导词的选择。
句意：“真是一团糟！你总是这么懒惰！”“妈妈，我不应该受到责备。
我这个样子都是你一手造就的。
”分析句子结构可知，I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作me的补足语，相当于the one/person that，即I am the one/person that you have made me.。
类似的例子还有：He is no longer what (＝the one/person that)he used to be.。
what在此类句子中意为“……的，具有……特征的”，相当于the one that/the person that/the things that/all that。
]4．(2021·北京高考，24)Your support is important to our work.________ you cando helps.A．However B．WhoeverC．Whatever D．WhereverC[考查主语从句。
句意：你的支持对我们的工作很重要。
无论你能做什么(whatever)，都会对我们有帮助。
分析句子结构可知，所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中作do的宾语，所以C项whatever“无论什么”符合语境。
however“无论多么”和wherever“无论在哪里”是关系副词，在句中作状语，可排除A、D 两项；whoever“无论是谁，不管是谁”，不能作do的宾语，B项也可排除。
] 5．(2021·北京高考，29)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.A．what B．thatC．whether D．whyB[考查表语从句。
句意：雨季最愉快的事情莫过于不受灰尘的袭扰。
分析句子结构可知，此处是表语从句，且从句中不缺任何成分，故用that引导，所以选B项。
]6．(2021·天津高考，11)The manager put forward a suggestion ________ we should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.A．whether B．thatC．which D．whatB[考查同位语从句。
句意：经理提了个建议——我们应雇个助手。
要做的工作太多了。
分析句子结构可知，空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明suggestion 的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选B项that。
]【导学号：57732006】7．(2021·安徽高考，25)A ship in harbor is safe，but that's not________ships are built for.A．what B．whomC．why D．whenA[考查表语从句的引导词。
句意：船停在港口是安全的，但那不是造船的本意。
从ships are built for来看，表语从句的引导词作for的宾语。
why和when 是连接副词，不能作宾语，而whom指人，因此选what。
]8．(2021·浙江高考，6)If you swim in a river or lake，be sure to investigate________is below the water surface.Often there are rocks or branches hidden in the water.A．what B．whoC．that D．whoeverA[考查宾语从句引导词的选择。
句意：如果你在河里或者湖里游泳，一定要弄清楚水面下有什么。
经常有岩石或者树枝藏在水里。
分析句子结构可知，此处investigate后接了宾语从句，从句缺少主语，故用what引导。
who与whoever 都可以作主语，但是不符合句意；that在名词性从句中仅仅起连接作用，不作句子成分。
]名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。
每一种从句都有自己的引导词，引导词都位于从句句首，且从句使用陈述语序。
一、名词性从句的引导词引导词用法连词that，whether，if等均不在句子中作成分。
that没有意义，引导宾语从句时可以省略；whether和if意为“是否”，在宾语从句中可互换使用，但在其他名词性从句中只用whether 连接代词what，who，whom，which，whatever，who－ever，whichever等在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等成分连接副词when，where，why，how，whenever，wherever，however等在从句中作状语He hasn't decided whether he will go there.Do you know who has got the first prize?What we need is more practice.Whoever has helped to save the drowning boy is worth praising.When he will go abroad hasn't been decided yet.No one knew why he made such a mistake.二、名词性从句的类别1．主语从句(1)主语从句多放在主句谓语动词前，构成：主语从句＋谓语动词＋其他That he passed the driving test made us very happy.Who will take over the company has not been decided yet.(2)it作形式主语，常见的结构有：It＋be＋adj.＋that从句；It＋be＋名词(词组)＋that从句；It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句；It＋seem(appear，happen等不及物动词)＋that从句It is certain that you will pass the College Entrance Examination.It is a pity that I missed the party held last night.It is reported that the accident was caused by carelessness.It seems that Alice is not coming to the party.2．表语从句(1)表语从句跟在系动词后，构成：主语＋系动词＋表语从句The beautiful views and the friendly people are what new comers like in San Francisco.(2)because引导表语从句强调原因，而why引导的表语从句强调结果。
I think it's because you're careless.He was ill.That's why he was absent.(3)The reason why从句＋be＋that从句The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.(4)What从句＋be＋that从句What comforted the young mother was that the baby came to life.(5)It looks/seems as if/as though从句It looks as if it is going to rain.3．宾语从句(1)主语＋及物动词＋宾语从句主语＋动词＋介词＋宾语从句He often thinks of how he can make his class vivid and lively.(2)it作形式宾语，宾语从句后置。
常用的谓语动词有：make，think，feel，find，consider等。
I find it important that we should keep calm in danger.(3)有些动词不能直接跟宾语从句，需要借助形式宾语it。
常见的有：like，dislike，hate，love，enjoy，appreciate，see to等。
I hate it when people speak with their mouth full.I would appreciate it if you could stay for lunch.(4)否定转移：在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句若是否定的，就将否定词转移到主句谓语动词上，主句的主语必须是第一人称I，we。
I don't think your answers are right.I don't believe she will attend the meeting.4．同位语从句(1)跟在名词后，对名词的内容给予说明。