Hyperbole 夸张
Hyperbole
Functions
3、描景壮物,渲染气氛,给人以深刻印象。
Stand still in Shanghai for two minutes and ten million people will rush at you like pins at magnet.
在上海静静地站上两分钟,就会有一千万人向你冲来,就像铁屑 冲向磁铁一样。
Usage
3. By the use of certain adjectives and adverbs
• Everyone bowed, including the Westerners. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.
--《Roughing It》
我认识一个要去那地方死的人,但他没有死成。他来时是 一付骨头架子,几乎不能站立。他什么也不想吃,什么也 不做,只是读些小册子,琢磨着以后怎么办。但三个月后, 他就经常在户外睡觉了,一天三顿能吃多少就吃多少,而 且在三千英尺高的山上,以追逐野兽作为娱乐。
以上引自美国著名作家马克·吐温的作品,读了这段用夸 张修辞方法写的文字,令我们忍俊不禁。怎能不叹服作者 的幽默。
每个人都拼命鼓掌。
Functions
1、强化感情,增强感染力。
In the dock, she found scores of arrows piercing her chest.
站在被告席上,她感到万箭穿心。
Functions
2、刻画人物,生动形象,活灵活现。
He ran down the avenue, making a noise like ten horses at a gallop. 他沿着大街跑,声音之响,犹如十马奔腾。
Hyperbole,understatement and pun
– How are you? Awfully well, thanks.
• 利用介词短语表示
– Here the wealth was beyond computation, beyond imagination.
英语Hyperbole(夸张)一词源于希腊语的huperbole,原意为 excess(超过)。这是一种故意夸大其词或言过其实 (overstatement)的修辞手法,其特点是对表达对象进行有 违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写,以此来取得强烈的修辞效果。 试比较以下例句: ①He ran down the avenue, making a loud noise. He ②He ran down the avenue, making a noise like ten horses at a gallop. 显而易见,例①为一般性描写,而例②则属夸张性描写,远比 例①生动形象,使人有如临其境,如闻其声之感。
Hyperbole 夸张
定义
• A figure of speech that deliberately uses exaggeration in order to give emphasis. --- The Cassell Dictionary of Literary and Language Terms • Exaggeration for effect, not mean to be taken literally. --- The Webster’s Ninth New World Dictionary
• 用虚拟语气表示
– ①A knife could have cut the tension during the seemingly endless trip back to the plantation. (Alex Haley: Roots) – 在返回种植园的似乎无穷无尽的征途上,空气紧张得 仿佛可以用刀子切割。 – ②Some movie stars wear their sunglasses even in churches; they’re afraid God might recognize them and ask for autograph. (Fred Allen) – 有些电影连在教学里也戴上太阳镜,唯恐上帝可能认 出来而要请他们签名。
英语中的夸张
Exercise:
It’s a crime to stay inside on such a beautiful day. 阳光明媚,躲在家中实在太遗憾了。 She wept floods/oceans of tears. 她泪如泉涌。 咱们很久没见面了。 I haven’t seen you for ages. 公园里人山人海。
扩大夸张(Extended Hyperbole) vs. 缩小夸张 (Reduced Hyperbole)
(1) His eloquence would split rocks! 他的雄辩之威之利,能劈磐石。 (2) It is the last straw that breaks the camel’s
There is a sea of faces in the park.
He is blind drunk. 他烂醉如泥。
It’s bitter cold. 天气真冷。
The hills are heavenly beautiful. 山景宜人。
I’m frightfully sorry I inconvenienced you.
deaths. 我对你讲过无数次了。 I’ve told you fifty times.
( 2 ) 用动词、名词、形容词或副词表示
He nearly exploded with indignation. 他几乎把肺都气炸了。 They split/burst their sides with
英语中的夸张
英语Hyperbole (夸张)一词源于希腊语,原意 为excess (超过)。这是一种故意夸大其词或言 过其实(overstatement)的修辞手法,其特点是 对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性 描写,以此来取得强烈的修辞效果。常用于文 学作品和日常生活中,而不用于科学著作、调 查报告、情况汇报、政策文件等应用文体中。
强化语意的Hyperbole(夸张)
• 2、刻画人物,生动形象,活灵活现。
•
• He ran down the avenue, making a noise like ten horses at a gallop.
• 他沿着大街跑,声音之响,犹如十马奔腾。 • 作者巧用hyperbole手段,短短一句,就把
人物的急躁心情,生动地刻画出来。
• Vingo sat there stunned, looking at the oak tree. It was covered with yellow handkerchiefs ——20 of them, 30 of
them, many hundreds, a tree that stood like a banner of
• While the sands o’ life shall run.
•
(Robert Burns)
• 亲爱的,我将永远爱你,
• 直到海水全枯竭,
• 直到海水全枯竭呀,亲爱的,
• 太阳熔化了岩石,
• 亲爱的,我将永远爱你,
• 只要我还有一息。
• 诗中夸张性的言辞表达了主人公对一位姑娘致死不渝的忠贞爱情:即 使所有的海洋枯干了,岩石都被太阳熔化了,我依然忠于爱情。
• Had Cleopatra’s nose been shorter, the whole face of the world would have been different.
•
( Blaise Pascal )
• 如果克利奥帕特拉的鼻子短一点的话,整个世界的面貌就 会改观。
•
• Cleopatra(69-30BC),埃及女王,艳美绝伦,被称为 “埃及艳后”。她的权欲极强,先为罗马恺撒大帝的情妇, 后与安东尼结婚。安东尼溃败后又欲勾引屋大维,没有成 功,遂以毒蛇噬咬自杀。此句夸张这个女人的容貌与世界 面貌的关系。
英语学习:毫不夸张地说这是一个最夸张的例子
【导语】Hyperbole是⼀种修辞⼿法,意思是“夸张”,是运⽤丰富的想象⼒,在客观现实的基础上有⽬的地放⼤或缩⼩事物的形象特征,以增强表达效果的修辞⼿法。
为了启发读者或听者的想象⼒和加强所说的话的⼒量,⽤夸⼤的词语来形容事物。
下⾯是整理发布的英语学习:毫不夸张地说这是⼀个最夸张的例⼦,欢迎阅读参考!更多相关讯息请关注!Hyperbole lies, but not so as to intend to deceive by lying. . . . It is in common use, as much among the unlearned as among the learned; because there is in all men a natural propensity to magnify or extenuate what comes before them, and no one is contented with the exact truth. But such departure from the truth is pardoned, because we do not affirm what is false. In a word, the hyperbole is a beauty, when the thing itself, of which we have to speak, is in its nature extraordinary; for we are then allowed to say a little more than the truth; and language is more efficient when it goes beyond reality.夸张带有欺骗性,但并⾮由⽬的的欺瞒。
夸张的使⽤很普遍,受过教育与没受过教育的⼈都会夸⼤其词,因为⼈的本性如此,会有意地夸⼤或减轻他们⾯对的情况,没有⼈会满意仅仅陈述事实。
Hyperbole夸张
Hyperbole夸张英语Hyperbole(夸张)一词源于希腊语的huperbole, 原意为excess (超过)。
这是一种故意夸大其词或言过其实(overstatement)的修辞手法,其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写,以此来取得强烈的修辞效果。
Hyperbole多见于文学作品,但日常口语里也常有运用。
例如:①Haven’t seen you for ages. ②I could sleep for a year.③We’re all tired to death.就性质而言,英语夸张可分为两类,即扩大夸张(Extended Hyperbole)和缩小夸张(Reduced Hyperbole)。
前者将描写对象的形象、数量、作用、程度等特征性的东西说得特别高、特别大;后者正相反,即把描写的对象的形象、数量、作用、程度等特征性的东西说得特别低、特别小。
英语Hyperbole(夸张)按构成方式大体可分为五类,现分别举例说明如下:1、用数词表示①This made him roar like a thousand bulls. (George Eliot: The Mill on the Floss) 这使他像千牛怒吼一般咆哮起来。
②One father is more than a hundred schoolmasters. (George Herbert)一个父亲的作用大于100格教师。
2、用其他词汇表示除数词外,英语夸张也常借助其他各类词来表示,或用动词,或用名词,或用形容词,灵活多样,并无定式,但不少词汇都含有极限意义。
a. 动词①In its wake, budget cuts and food shortages have hit the new nation of Russia—an prices have shot out of this world. (Newsweek, Feb. 17, 1992) 随其(指“前苏联“)解体后,预算缩减和食品短缺已经沉重地打击了俄罗斯这个新生国家——而且物价高涨,直冲九霄。
(完整版)Hyperbole(夸张手法)
Hyperbole/OverstatementHyperbole is a way of describing something in order to make it sounds bigger, smaller, better, worse, ect.than it really is.1.This chair weighs a ton.2.The worker is so hungry that he can eat a horse.3.The girl is dying to know why her boyfriend left her.4.I'm starving to death.5.Her words are sweeter than honey.6.The two brothers are different in a thousand and one way s.7.Thanks a million.8.It took a few dollars to build this skyscraper.9.I feel so sleepy that I could sleep for a year.10.It's a matter of life and death to her.11.I love Ophelia: forty thousand brothersCould not, with all their quantity of love,Make up my sum. (William Shakespeare: Hamlet) 12.I will love you still till all seas have gone dry; I will love you still till rocks have melted with the sun. (Robert Burns)13.The day seems a long year.14.His eloquence would split rocks.15.I have a sea of trouble.16.I have a thousand things to attend to.17.We haven't seen each other for ages.18.He's got tons of money.19.Her brain is the size of a pea.20.I will die if she asks me to dance.21."Ladies and gentlemen, I've been to Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan, and I can say without hyperbole that this is a million times worse than all of them put together." (Kent Brockman, The Simpsons) 22."I was helpless. I did not know what in the world to do. I was quaking from head to foot, and could have hung my hat on my eyes, they stuck out so far." (Mark Twain, "Old Times on the Mississippi") 23."Daphne, you can't go. You have to stay. I've only just recently realized how important you are to us. You see, if you go, Dad and I will kill each other. I'm not just tossing out hyperbole here. I'm speaking in the most literal sense: Dad and I, both dead. Only he'll be lying there with a bacteria-ridden sponge protruding from his mouth like a bloated tongue!" (Kelsey Grammer as Dr. Frasier Crane in "Come Lie With Me." Frasier, 1996)24."My toaster has never once worked properly in four years. I follow the instructions and push two slices of bread down in the slots, and seconds later they rifle upwards. Once they broke the nose of a woman I loved dearly." (Woody Allen, "My Speech to the Graduates." The New York Times, Aug. 10, 1979)。
汉英修辞格中强化语意的夸张之对比分析
摘要:夸张Hyperbole属于词义上的一种修辞格,是作者或说话人以主观的眼光对客观的人或事物故意扩大或缩小的渲染、描述,用以抒发其强烈的情感,表达自己的深刻感受。
文学作品中,运用夸张可增强语言的鲜明感,提高表述的生动性,收到突出事物特征、丰富语义、强调某种感情的良好效果。
本文通过实例简述了汉英修辞格中强化语意的夸张Hyperbole的用法和特点的异同。
关键词:修辞格;夸张;对比;分析一、相同点释义从用法和效果上看,汉英的夸张有异曲同工之处1.强化感情,增强感染力1)Hamlet:O God,I would be bounded in a nutshell and count myself a king of infinite space,were it not that I have bad dreams.(William Shakespeare:Hamlet)哈姆雷特:上帝啊!倘不是因为我总做噩梦,那么即使把我关在一个果壳里,我也会把自己当作一个拥有无限空间的君王的。
(朱生豪译)此句采用缩小夸张和扩大夸张的对照深刻有力地表达了哈姆雷特的内心感受。
2)北方有佳人,绝世而独立,一顾倾城,再顾倾国。
《汉书·外戚传》如此美人,看一眼你就保不住城邑,再看一眼,国家也保不住了。
把这佳人的美丽夸到了极点。
这样的夸张言简意赅,使得再精彩的描写也会黯然失色。
2.刻画人物,生动形象,活灵活现汉英夸张都有助于渲染气氛、启发联想,突出事物的特征,给人以深刻印象。
如:1)———Once,when Manchester united had the narrowest of squeaks,disaster averted only by a heroic piece of goalkeeping———Once,just this once,Young Herbert uttered a single piercing screamthat must have been audible in Peru:His soul flew out of his mouth with a sound like a fiend in torment.I glanced round and saw his little puddingy face transfigured,his cheeks were as red as fine and his eyes were blazing like twin stars.用夸张的手法把一位足球球迷的活动神态描写得惟妙惟肖;他发出的尖叫声“甚至在秘鲁也能听到”,他的面颊“红的像火焰一样”,两眼“像两颗星星一样发出强烈的亮光”,那种激动的气氛通过夸张的手法被烘托出来。
英语作文中的夸张句有哪些
英语作文中的夸张句有哪些在英语作文中,夸张(hyperbole)是一种常用的修辞手法,用以强调某个观点或情感。
以下是一些常见的夸张句的例子,它们可以用来增强文章的表现力:1. She laughed so hard, she nearly fell off her chair.(她笑得差点从椅子上掉下来。
)2. I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.(我饿得可以吃下一匹马。
)3. He's been working on this project for ages.(他已经在这个项目上工作了好几辈子。
)4. She's as busy as a bee.(她忙得像蜜蜂一样。
)5. I've told you a million times not to do that.(我已经告诉你一百万次不要那样做了。
)6. The room was so quiet you could hear a pin drop.(房间里静得连根针掉地上都能听见。
)7. He can talk the ear off a statue.(他能说得连雕像都长出耳朵。
)8. I've got a ton of work to do.(我有一大堆工作要做。
)9. She's been waiting for him for what seems like forever.(她等他似乎等了一辈子。
)10. The book was so boring it put me to sleep in seconds.(这本书太无聊了,几秒钟就把我看睡着了。
)使用夸张句时,要注意不要过度使用,以免让读者感到不真实或夸张过度。
适度的夸张可以增加文章的趣味性和吸引力,但过度夸张可能会削弱文章的说服力。
【听力技巧】托福听力中常用的修辞方式-Hyperbole(夸张)
托福听力中常用的修辞方式-Hyperbole(夸张)汉语中有修辞,英语中自然也有。
早在90年代初的TOEFL听力考试中,美语的修辞手法便得到了初步的运用,随着TOEFL听力不断向Daily(日常生活化)和Functional(语言交际功能化)发展,为考试而刻意雕琢的那些呆板、生硬的语法现象已荡然无存,各种各样修辞方法的广泛运用已成为听力语言地道性的重要表现。
不过,也正是由于修辞的出现,无形间加大了我们对其语言理解的难度,有时甚至“不知所云”,即使看到了听力文字部分,也是“一头雾水”,但如果我们真正领悟了修辞中字里行间的奥秘,不仅会帮助我们迅速解题,更会被TOEFL听力中的经典修辞艺术所服。
从这种角度考虑,修辞堪称TOEFL听力调色“话”板的点睛笔!为了透彻理解TOEFL听力修辞语言的话外音,我们有必要对近年来TOEFL听力中出现的各种美语修辞手法做一个分析和总结,以有利于考生究其根本,从而顺利、快捷的解题。
Hyperbole(夸张)试比较以下TOEFL听力短对话的两种回答方式:Have you asked your brother to do the dishes? 1)Yes, many times.(很多遍了。
)2)Yes, a thousand times.(无数次了。
)很明显,第一种回答方式不如第二种生动,因为 a thousand times(无数次)使用了Hyperbole(夸张)的修辞手法。
Hyperbole一词源于希腊语的huperbole,意思是exceed(超过),是一种故意夸大其词(overstatement)或言过其实的修辞手法;其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写,以达到强烈的修辞效果。
如:a river of tears (泪河)、a mountain of coal (煤山)、oceans of people (人海)...Hyperbole(夸张)在TOEFL听力中的运用也可谓炉火纯青。
夸张
夸张(Hyperbole)一、定义:夸张(Hyperbole)源自希腊语,原义为“超越”(exceed)。
它是日常语言和文学创作中的一种常见的修辞格。
修辞学上的夸张往往言过其实、夸大其词,对事实进行艺术性的夸大。
按照语用学的说法,夸张表面上违反了格赖斯(Grice)的质量准则(Maxim of Quality)和数量准则(Maxim of Quantity),因为它说得太过分而歪曲了事实;但夸张与说谎不一样。
前者无意欺骗它的听众,而听家无疑能推断出事情的真实情况。
夸张具有十分强烈的浪漫主义色彩。
它是对现实生活的某些现象进行艺术加工,以强化语言的表现力和感染力。
尽管把夸大的事物主观想象的无限扩大,但它是以客观事实为基础的。
所以我们在运用这一浪漫主义手法时既要新奇别致,又要不违背情理;既要超越实际.又要不脱离实际;既要高于生活,又要不脱离生活,既要胜过其实,又要故意言过其实,达到鲜明地表达作者对要表达的人或物的肯定或否定,从而引起听众或读者强烈的认同感、产生共鸣,获得深刻的艺术感受的目的。
例如在“震撼世界的审判”一文中,作者约翰·斯科普斯的辩护律师克拉伦斯·达罗说布莱恩“作为经学权威,他的声誉是举世公认的。
"(His reputation as an authority on Scripture;、recognized through out the world)拉伦斯·达罗运用夸张修辞手法是对布莱恩奚落和嘲笑,旨在使他处于不利的境地。
夸张的目的在于突出事物的本质,加强语言的感染力,激起人们的想象力,达到一种严肃而又滑稽的效果。
使用好hyperbole,可以将对象描述得淋漓尽致,让读者阅读后产生强烈的共鸣。
夸张,往往既要新奇别致,又要不违背情理;既要超越实际,又要不脱离实际;故意言过其实,使人感到虽不真实,却胜过真实;起到强调、幽默、诙谐、讽刺、揭露或表现人物或事物的本质等作用,因此在英汉两种语言中频繁使用。
英语中的夸张
( 1 ) 用数词表示 We must fight for every inch of land. I have given my last ounce of strength to my work. 我对工作已经尽了最大的努力。 我对工作已经尽了最大的努力。
We enjoy every minute of the play. I beg you a thousand pardons. Thanks a million. The gang deserve to die a thousand deaths. 我对你讲过无数次了。 我对你讲过无数次了。 I’ve told you fifty times.
( 2 ) 用动词、名词、形容词或副词表示 用动词、名词、 He nearly exploded with indignation. 他几乎把肺都气炸了。 他几乎把肺都气炸了。 They split/burst their sides with / laughing. 他们捧腹大笑。 他们捧腹大笑。 They bombarded me with a number of questions. 他们像连珠炮似地向我提了几个问题。 他们像连珠炮似地向我提了几个问题。
用虚拟语气表示
l am so hungry I could eat a horse. 饥饿使我胃大无比。 饥饿使我胃大无比。 He might have been dead, he lay so still. 他纹丝不动地躺着, 他纹丝不动地躺着,仿佛已经死了一 样。
用其他辞格表示
消息传来,犹如晴天霹雳。 消息传来,犹如晴天霹雳。 The news came 1ike a bolt from the blue. 这项工作像蜗牛爬一样进展缓慢。 这项工作像蜗牛爬一样进展缓慢。 The work progressed at a snail’s pace. 我从乡下跑到京城里,一转眼已经六年了。 我从乡下跑到京城里,一转眼已经六年了。 鲁迅: 一件小事》 (鲁迅:《一件小事》) Six years have passed by in a twinkle since I came to the capital city from the countryside.
英汉夸张辞格与翻译
英汉夸张辞格与翻译
1、Hyperbole:He ate like a pig.
翻译:他吃的像头猪似的。
2、Hyperbole:It was so cold, I saw polar bears wearing T-shirts.
翻译:天气太冷了,我甚至看到北极熊都穿着T恤衫。
3、Hyperbole:I'm so hungry I could eat a horse.
翻译:我太饿了,仿佛能把马给吃掉似的。
4、Hyperbole:He was as tall as a mountain.
翻译:他高得像座山一样高。
5、Hyperbole:She had a million things to do.
翻译:她有无数件事要做。
6、Hyperbole:I was so scared I nearly jumped out of my skin.
翻译:我吓得差点把肌肤都跳掉似的。
7、Hyperbole:I was running like the wind.
翻译:我跑得如同狂风那样快。
8、Hyperbole:I was so bored that I thought I was going to die.
翻译:我太无聊了,以至于我以为自己要死去似的。
英文修辞之三夸张
外教一对一英文修辞之三夸张夸张(hyperbole),在英文里面也是一个常见的修辞手法。
这种表达方式中国人比较熟悉,尤其是在五六十年代的时候,什么“战天斗地”、“一天等于一万年”等等,折射出一个时代对于语言的塑造。
我个人不大喜欢这种修辞的方式,偶尔在句子里用用就行了,搞得满篇都是,会让人很烦。
例句:Our trouble is that we drink too much tea. I see in this the slow revenge of the Orient, which has diverted the Yellow River down out throats.某个英国人抱怨喝了太多的茶,认为这是来自东方的报复:他们将黄河水灌进英国人的嘴里。
排比(parallelism)。
这个手法中国人也不陌生,排比的“排”有种“排山倒海”的气势,在文章中多用一些排比可以给自己壮胆。
注意这个词的词根para,意思是sideby side,就是”在旁边“的意思,可以引申成“排排坐”。
中国人喜欢阅兵,看着队伍一列列地行进过来,既整齐又有气势。
这种手法,我个人也不偏好。
文章如果有内涵,气势自己就出来了;底气不足,才会考虑通过形式上去提升。
例句:Life is short, art long, opportunities fleeting,experience treacherous, and judgment difficult.委婉(Euphemism)这个词是由eu+phem+ism构成,eu就是“好”,phe的词根与phras(词)相通,连在一起理解就是“好听的话”。
所谓“委婉”就是捡好听的说,即使是不好的事情,我们也要婉转一点,包装一下,别一步跨个整楼梯。
另外,人类的语言中总有一些比较粗的成分,对于有教养的人来说,使用委婉,其实就是换个说法把“话糙理不糙”说得文雅一些。
例句:I gonna answer the nature’s call. 什么是nature’s call?其实就是你内急,又不好说“我的肠道要奔放了”,好吧,我承认我这句话也是委婉。
修辞学-hyperbole
• 3)形容词或副词。利用形容词和副词进行夸 张多见于日常生活会话
• --How are you? • ---Awfully well, thanks.
• ----Do you like your house? ----Oh,fearfully.
• ----Won’t you come and see it? • 用形容词或副词进行夸张轻易与用形容词或
18
夸张旳分类
• 她不是真旳怕野兽,而是不乐旨在她酬 劳之外多出一丁点力。
• 在体现“不愿多出一丁点力”旳意思时, 用an atom (像一粒原子那样微力)这么 一种名词,可谓别出心裁,态度极为鲜 明。
19
夸张旳分类
• Miss Sharp (the suspect) browed her head, and had never uttered a syllable.
• Stand still in Shanghai for two minutes and ten million people will rush at you like pins at magnet.
12
•在上海静静地站上两分钟,就会有 1,000万人向你冲来,就像铁屑冲向磁铁 一样。(作者用two minutes 和 ten million 两个数字夸张地描绘了上海人口 之多,交通之繁忙。)
• 1、用词汇手段表达夸张 • 夸张能够经过数词、形容词、副词、名
词、动词、否定词、介词短语等来表达。
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夸张旳体现形式
• 1)数词 用数词对事实进行渲染、夸张, 是英语夸张修辞格最常用旳措施之一。
• He ran down the avenue, making a noise like ten horses at a gallop.
hyperbole造句
hyperbole造句hyperbole造句如下:1、t look beyond the hyperbole.但看看更夸张的。
2、is might sound like hyperbole.这听起来或许很夸张。
3、at's not hyperbole; it's reality.这不是夸张,是现实。
4、t was it hyperbole?不过是不是有些夸大其词了呢?5、stead, recruitment is often an orgy of hyperbole.而事实上,招聘常常是没边儿的夸张。
6、stead recruitment is often an orgy of hyperbole.而事实上,招聘常常是没边儿的夸张。
7、e chart is hyperbole. But in China, the sentiment is not.这张图有点夸张。
但在中国,这种情绪一点也不夸张。
8、is might sound like hyperbole or exaggeration, but I assure you it’s not.这听起来好像挺夸张的,但我保证并不是这样。
9、ere will surely come a day when Dubai runs the world's reserves of hyperbole dry.总有一天,迪拜要耗光世界的能源储备,这毫不奇怪。
10、was accused of hyperbole but seems, rather, to have been guilty of understatement.人们谴责他危言耸听,但现在看来,似乎应该是谴责他过于轻描淡写了。
11、pite the hyperbole, accusations, and denials, it appears we can ascertain these facts.忽略这些夸张情节、以及指控和否认,看上去我们能确认以下事实。
hyperbole(夸张)修辞手法在英语中的用法讲解
A way of describing something in order to make it sound bigger, smalle r, better, worse etc than it really is 2) The definition from《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》: “exaggerated statement that is made for special effect and is not meant to be taken literally.”(用于达到某种特殊效果的夸大陈述,且不能按照字面 意义解释。)
advantage of Hyperbole
1)用于描写: 基于实际,超越实际,增加文章的生动性、趣味性、可
读性和艺术感染性。
1.Cool was I and logical, keen, calculating, perspicacious, acute and astute –I was all of these, my brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel and-I was only 18.
在全世界他享有《圣经》权威的美名。
2. Miss Bolo went straight home in a flood of tears and a sedan chair.
波落小姐泪如泉涌,坐着轿子径直回家去了。
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t Hyperbole 夸张
英语hyperbole一词源于希腊语的huperbole,原意为excess(超过)。
Definition:
A figure of speech consisting in exaggerated or extravagant statement, used to express strong feeling or produce a strong impression, and not intended to be understood literally.
---Oxford English Dictionary
这是一种故意夸大其词或言过其实的修辞手法,其特点是对表达对象进行有违常识或不合逻辑的夸张性描写,以此来取得强烈的修辞效果。
1)Haven’t seen you for ages.
2) I could sleep for a year.
3) We’re all tired (thirsty) to death.
Classification:
按性质分类:Extended hyperbole & Reduced hyperbole
按构成方式分类:lexical & grammatical
按性质分类:
Extended hyperbole 扩大夸张
将描写对象的形象、数量、作用、程度等说得特别高、特别大。
Reduced hyperbole 缩小夸张
将描写对象的形象、数量、作用、程度等说得特别低、特别小。
1)His eloquence would split rocks!
2) It is the last straw that breaks the camel’s back.
3) A drop of ink may make a million think.
一滴墨水写成的文字可让千万人思索。
按构成方式分类:
1. 用词汇表示(lexical)
A. 用数词表示
1) This made him roar like a thousand bulls.
这使他像千牛怒吼一般咆哮起来。
2) One father is more than a hundred schoolmasters.
---George Herbert 一个父亲的作用大于100个教师。
3) I love Ophelia: forty thousand brothers could not, with all their quantity of love make up my sum.
---William Shakespeare: Hamlet
我爱奥菲莉亚:40 000 个兄弟的爱合起来,还抵不过我对她的爱。
B.动词表示
1) In its wake, budget cuts and food shortage have hit the new nation of Russia—and prices have shot out of the world.
---Newsweek, Feb. 17, 1992
随其解体后(指前苏联),预算缩减和食品短缺已经沉重地打击了俄罗斯这个
n
新生国家—而且物价飞涨,直冲云霄。
2) We not only saw but heard it: the report positively reverberated down the Rhine. ---George B. Shaw 我们不仅看见了,而且听见了。
这个报告简直响遍了整个莱茵河。
3) His anger nearly burst his belly. 他气得肚子简直炸裂了。
C.名词
It ’s a crime to stay inside on such a beautiful day.
a crime = a great pity
今天阳光明媚,躲在家中实在太遗憾了。
2. 用虚拟语气表示
Noise proves nothing: often a hen who has merely laid an egg crackles as if she had laid an asteroid.
---Mark Twain
嗓子大证明不了什么事情:只生下一只蛋的母鸡也常会咯咯叫,像是生下了小行星似的。
3.用形容词比较级和最高级表示She is the prettiest girl in the world.My Faith is larger than the Hills.Hyperbole 与其他辞格:
1) Miss Bolo went straight home in a flood of tears and sedan chair. ---Charles Dickens (hyperbole, zeugma)
2) Poly, I love you. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the constellation of outer space. ---Max Shulman (hyperbole, climax)
3) A lie can travel half way around the world while the truth is putting on its shoes. (hyperbole, personification)4) A drop of ink may make a million think.
(hyperbole, metonymy, contrast)。