英语语法专题1

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语法专题一 名词

语法专题一 名词

语法专题一名词[考点解析]一、名词的数1.不可数名词不可数名词没有单复数之分, 它包括抽象名词,物质名词和专有名词. 例如: health, advice, glass, wood. English, America 等.2.可数名词规则的复数形式可数名词包括个体名词和集体名词, 有单, 复数形式. 名词复数构成方法如下:(1)一般情况在名词后加-s, 如: desks, students, pens.(2)以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的名词(以[s][z][t∫][∫]等读音结尾时) 后加-es, 如: buses, boxes,watches, brushes. 故stomach的复数形式为stomachs..(3)以“辅音字母+o”结尾的名词后加-es, 如: heroes, potatoes; 以“元音字母+o”结尾的名词只加-s, 如:bamboos, zoos, radios. 但不少以-o结尾的外来词变为复数时只加-s, 如: radios, photos, pianos; 有些以-o结尾的名词有两种复数形式, 如: zeros/zeroes, volcanos/volcanoes.注: ①有人亦作如下归纳,“以o结尾的英语单词, 表示‘有生命’的事物, 往往加-es, ‘无生命’的往往加s.”②只要记住顺口溜: “黑人Negro和英雄hero喜欢吃西红柿tomato和马铃薯potato”, 你就可以牢记中学教材中出现的以o结尾, 后加-es构成复数的单词了.(4) 以“辅音+y”结尾的名词, 把y改为i, 再加-es, 如: factories, countries.(5) 以“元音+y”结尾的名词, 或以y结尾的专有名词, 直接在词尾加-s, 如: boys, toys,Germanys, Henrys.(6) 以-f或-fe结尾的名词的复数形式有以下三种情况:①多数把f或fe改为v然后再加-es,如:leaves, lives, shelves.②有的直接加-s. 如:roofs, chiefs, gulfs.③有的名词以上两种形式都可以. 如:handkerchieves/handkerchiefs, scarves/scarfs.3.可数名词不规则的复数形式不规则名词的复数形式没有规律可循, 是要单个记忆的. 例如:man→men, woman →women, child→children, foot→feet, tooth→teeth, mouse→mice等4.复合名词的复数形式(1)由若干部分组成并含有一个中心词(指人)的, 将复合名称的中心词变为复数.如:daughters-in-law, passersby, film-goers, shoe-makers, lookers-on, grandchildren.(2)以man或woman作词首, 复合名词前后两个词都是中心词时, 前后两部分都变为复数. 如:men singers, women servants.(3)复合名词中没有中心名词时, 在最后一个词后加-s.如:forget-me-nots, grown-ups,go-betweens.二名词的所有格名词的所有格表示名词的所有关系, 其用法相当于一个形容词, 有两种基本形式, 其一是有生命的人或物,多用名词后加’s构成, 如:my parents’ bedroom; 其二是无生命的东西(包括植物), 多用介词of加名词构成,如:leaves of the tree. 另外要注意, 有时名词可以直接作定语, 而不用其所有格形式, 如:a shoe factory (一家鞋厂)等.注意双重属格:a friend of mine; a former classmate of my father’s.三抽象名词具体化抽象名词在有些情况下会出现“抽象名词具体化”. 在这种情况下, 抽象名词指的不是它所要表达的概念的整体, 而是一个个具体的例子, 指一种, 一场, 一阵或者是表达某种心情. 例如:The play we saw last night was a success.我们昨晚看的那场戏很成功.What a great surprise you gave us!你真是让我们大吃一惊.It’s a pleasure to talk with you.和你谈话真令人高兴The concert was a failure because few people came to watch it.音乐会并不成功, 因为没有什么人来观看.[高考示例]【例一】2005安徽高考My ______of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends.A. ideaB. opinionC. mindD. thought提示:侧重对某事的“意见; 看法”, mind指想法; 感觉;思维”,thought指“思考;观念;想法”,idea指“计划;主意;念头;想法”.答案: A【例二】2005 辽宁高考The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ______all over the country.A. companiesB. branchesC. organizationsD. businesses提示:题意为:这家银行的总部设在北京, 但它在全国有很多分支机构. 与总部相对的应该是“分支机构”branches.答案: B【例三】2005 浙江高考I am sure David will be able to find the library--he has a pretty good ______of direction.A. ideaB. feelingC. experienceD. sense提示: sense of direction指“方向感”, 符合题意.have a good idea of意为“对……非常了解”, feeling指“感情”, experience指“经验; 经历”.答案:D【例四】The ______is just around the corner and you won’t miss it.A. bicycle’s shopB. bicycle sho pC. bicycles shopD. bicycles’ shop提示: 本题句意为:自行车商店就在拐角处, 你不会错过它. 此题考查名词作定语, 应用其单数形式. bicycle为无生命的词, 一般不用其所有格形式, 故排除A项. bicycle在此句中起限制作用, 表示买什么东西的商店, shop不用其复数形式.答案:B[触类旁通]1. For years scientists have been worried about the ______of air pol lution on the earth’s natural conditions.A. effectB. resultC. accountD. cause2. The lion is considered to be the king of the forest as it is a (an) ______of courage.A. signB. markC. exampleD. symbol3. Now an increasing number of middle school students go abroad for further study at their own ______, trying hard to realize their dreams.A. priceB. costC. expensesD. pay4. The news that his sick fellow student was getting well and strong brought great ______to Mr.Smith.A. courageB. friendshipC. comfortD. happy5. --Is there any ______to the time that I can stay here?--Yes, you must leave here before he comes back.A. numberB. lengthC. limitD. matter6. It is the ______in Britain that young people often do not shake hands when they meet someonefor the first time.A. customB. habitC. hobbyD. favour7. What did Thomas mean? His letter was so confused that I could hardly make any ______of it atall.A. interpretationB. meaningC. messageD. sense8. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.A. room’s numberB. room numberC. room’s numbersD. room numbers9. –-Excuse me, where are ______offices?--Over there.A. teacher’sB. teachers’C. the teacher’sD. the teacher’s10. We’ll have a ______holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two daysB. two-dayC. two-daysD. two day’s答案: 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.D 10.B。

高考英语(外研版)大一轮复习课件语法专题+一、名词和冠词

高考英语(外研版)大一轮复习课件语法专题+一、名词和冠词
recover→recovery恢复;痊愈 discover→discovery发现
choose→choice选择 vary→variety多样化;种类 tend→tendency趋向;趋势
2.形容词变名词的后缀
后缀 -age -cy
-dom -ence -ness
-th
-y -ty -ity
例词 short→shortage不足;短缺 efficient→efficiency效率;功效 fluent→fluency流利;流畅 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私;私密 free→freedom自由;自主 wise→wisdom明智;智慧 different→difference差异 silent→silence沉默 weak→weakness虚弱;弱点 kind→kindness仁慈;好意 careless→carelessness粗心大意 strong→strength力气;强项 warm→warmth温暖;热情 honest→honesty诚实 difficult→difficulty困难 cruel→cruelty残酷;残暴 safe→safety安全 disable→disability无能;伤残 responsible→responsibility责任
特别提示 ①当这些名词前有修饰语时,则要用不定冠词。如:a bright moon,a new
world。 ②有些事物虽然也是独一无二的,但习惯上却不用冠词,如:space太空,
nature自然,man人类。 5.用于表示方位、西洋乐器等的名词前。如:in the east,in the
northwest,play the piano。 6.用于序数词和形容词最高级前面。

中考英语语法知识专题(1)名词、名词所有格课件(含答案)

中考英语语法知识专题(1)名词、名词所有格课件(含答案)

—They are very beautiful! You’ve got a wonderful__________.( C )
A. instruction
B. description
C. collection
3.(2016·中考改编)—My favorite TV________is A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国).
物质 名词
抽象 名词
食物 饮料 自然物质 情感 概念 学科,语言
bread,meat,rice,cheese,fish,beef water,tea,coffee,wine,milk,cola wood,sand,soil,air friendship,peace,joy,love news,population maths,physics,geography,English
第三篇 语法知识专题
第一节 名词/名词所有格
名词 (一)名词的分类:名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它分为专有名词和普通名词。
类别
定义
例词
专有名词
表示具体的人名,事物, China,the Great 地名,组织等名称的词。 Wall
可数 普通
名词 不可

个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词
表个别人或事物的名称 表若干人或事物的名称 表物质或材料的名称 表感情等抽象概念的名称
情况
特殊 名词
构成方法 变内部元音
单复数同形 完全不规则
例词 man—men,woman—women,foot—feet,tooth—
teeth Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish (中国人和日本人喜爱绵羊、鹿和鱼) penny—pence,child—children,mouse—mice

英语语法专题一-冠词

英语语法专题一-冠词

英语语法专题一冠词英语的冠词有三个(a, an, the),a和an是不定冠词;the是定冠词。

(一)不定冠词一、知识测练填上恰当的不定冠词。

1.She thinks that English is _______ useful subject and she spends more than _______ hourspeaking it every day.2.I bought _______ new handbag. There was _______ "s" on the corner.3.There is _______ orange and _______ banana on your desk. They are for you.4.Is Germany _______ European country or _______ Asian country?5.They have made quite _______ few friends since they lived in this place.二、知识归纳不定冠词a和an的基本用法:不定冠词a和an都是修饰_________(可数、不可数)名词的单数,表示“一个”的惑思,一般指人或物中的某一个或某一类。

(1)a用在_________(辅音、元音)开头的单词前(注意:辅音不是辅音字母)。

如:a man, a beautiful flower, a heavy bag, a university, a European country(2)an用在_________(元音、辅音)开头的单词前(注意:元音不是元音字母)。

如:an orange, an hour, an honest boy, an unhappy girl, an Asian country, an unusual tree三、知识过关单项选择1.That's not _______ apple. It's _______ pear.A. a, aB. the, aC. an, aD. a, the2.Walk down the road for half _______ hour, you'll see _______ university in front of you.A. a, aB. an, anC. an, aD. a, an3._______ tiger is stronger than _______ sheep.A. A, anB. An. AC. The, /D. A, a4.There's _______ "s" and _______ "u" in the word "use".A. the, theB. an, aC. an, anD. a, an5.China is _______ Asian country, but England is _______ European country.A. an, anB. an, aC. a, anD. a, a6.Is this _______ useful book?—Yes. And it's also _______ interesting book.A. a, aB. a, anC. an, aD. an, an7.I looked down and saw _______ policeman and an old lady, one of David's neighbours.A. aB. theC. anD. 不填8.How far is it from our school to _______ seaside?It is _______ eight-kilometre walk from here.A. the, anB. /, anC. the, aD. /, a(二)定冠词一、知识测练在需要的地方填上定冠词。

高考总复习 英语语法专题1

高考总复习  英语语法专题1

⑪ —How long ________ in Hong Kong? —For just the weekend.I'll be back next Monday
morning.
A.have you stayed C.did you stay B.are you staying D.do you stay
必修一
英语
高考总复习人教版
(5)be间或用于进行时态,表示一时的表现。 He is just being polite.他只是要表现自己有礼貌。(有
讥讽之意)
(6)以下动词通常不用于进行时态: love,like,hate,hope,wish,want,prefer,know, understand , remember , agree , believe , recognize , guess,suppose,mean,hear,see,seem,find,mind, have(有)等。
A.write
C.have written
B.will write
D.are writing
解析:next time作连词,引导时间状语从句往往用一 般现在时。 答案:A
必修一
英语
高考总复习人教版
2.现在进行时 (1)表示现在正在进行的动作。
这样考过
⑨If a computer crashes,you will lose the file you ________ on unless you save it regularly. A.are working C.will work B.work D.worked
The train leaves at 815.火车在815开。(强调时刻 安排)

语法专题1:定语从句 讲义-江苏省2022届中职高考英语二轮复习

语法专题1:定语从句 讲义-江苏省2022届中职高考英语二轮复习

中职高考英语二轮复习语法专题1:定语从句(解析版)1.什么是定语从句①There is a beautiful flower.②There is a flower which is beautiful.从以上给到的两个例句,不难看出,两个句子表达的含义是一致的,但表达的方法不一致,加粗的部分都是用来修饰flower这个名词,但①句中是用形容词beautiful来修饰,②句是用一个句子来起到修饰作用。

起到形容词的作用,在句中修饰一个名词或代词的成分,即定语,那么②句中这个句子,就称为定语从句。

句子中被修饰的词叫先行词(即例句中的flower),引导定语从句的词叫关系词(即例句中的which),关系词可以分为关系代词,关系副词。

关系词在定语从句中的作用:一.连接先行词和从句二.在从句中担任一个成分,并与先行词保持数的一致.(简而言之,关系词就是先行词的化身,代替先行词在从句中充当角色)2.定语从句分类定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,看以下例句:The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。

China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。

非限制性定语从句:His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.他妈妈十分地爱他,对他要求很严格。

China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.中国是1949年成立的,现在正变得越来越强大。

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句没有逗号隔开有逗号隔开不修饰句子可以修饰主句,引导词用which和as 引导词一般不限制引导词不用that,why先行词可以是名词或代词先行词可以名词,代词,名词短语和句子3.引导词的分类That; which (物)关系代词: who; whom; that(人)whose(人/物);as引导词when (时间)关系副词where (地点)why (原因)高考定语从句的考察主要是关系代词和关系副词用法,只要能准确找出定语从句中的先行词,判断出先行词在从句中充当的成分,选择对应的关系词就可以解决问题。

英语语法系列复习专题一-----名词

英语语法系列复习专题一-----名词

英语语法系列复习专题一-----名词名词的分类专有名词:指某人,某地,某机构等专有的名称,其首字母要大写。

如HongKong,China,Bill Clinton,Red Cross个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如 student,book名普可数名词词通集体名词:表示若干个体组成的集合体,如:family,school,group, people 名词不可数名词物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:cotton,air,tea抽象名词:表示抽象概念,如:work,happiness,news 2.名词的复数可数名词有单、复数形式,其复数的构成规则如下:1)绝大多数在词尾加s。

如:book,books;bag,bags;cup,cups;face,faces.2)以ch,sh,s,x,o结尾的名词加es。

如:watch,watches;brush,brushes;hero,heroes;class,classes;下列以o结尾的词加s构成复数:piano , photo ,radio ,zoo, bamboo ,kilo 3)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改为i,再加es。

例如:baby,babies;family,families;以元音字母+y结尾的名词,直接加s。

例如:boy,boys;key,keys4)以f或fe结尾的名词,先将f或fe改为v,再加es构成复数形式,如:leaf,leaves;wife,wives.但有些以f结尾的名词,是在f后加s构成复数,常见的有:roof,chief,belief,gulf等。

个别的两种方式都可以,如:handkerchief,’s,handkerchieves 5)少数名词的复数形式是不规则的,要一一背记:man→men; woman→women; Englishman→Englishmen;foot→feet;tooth→teeth; child→children; mouse→mice少数名词的单、复数形式相同,如:Chinese,Japanese,sheep,deer,fish,means(注:fishes表不同种类的鱼)6)复合名词:A.含man或woman的复合名词,两部分都变为复数形式。

高中英语语法专题一: 英语语法框架 句子成分讲解和练习(word版 含答案)

高中英语语法专题一:   英语语法框架  句子成分讲解和练习(word版  含答案)

Part 1:英语语法框架一·词法:词法研究的对象是各种词的形式及其用法。

英语词类的形式变化有:名词和代词的数,格和性的形式变化;动词的人称、时态、语态、语气等形式变化;以及形容词和副词比较等级的形式变化。

种类:1 名词:是人和事物的名称,如pen(钢笔);English(英语),life(生活)。

2 代词:是用来代替名词的词,如we(我们),his(他的),all(全部)。

3 副词: 是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词,如quickly(快),often(经常),very(很)。

4 数词:是表示“多少”和“第几”的词,如four(四),eighteen(十八),first(第一)5 形容词:用来修饰名词,如great(伟大的),honest(诚实的),difficult(困难的)。

6 动词: 表示动作和状态,如write(写),walk(行走),think(想)。

7 连词: 是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词,如and(和),because(因为),if(假如)8 冠词: 说明名词所指的人或物的词,如a,an(一个),the(这,那)。

9 介词: 表示名词(或代词)与句子里其它词的关系,如from(从),in(在…内),between(在…之间)。

10 感叹词: 表示感情,如oh(噢),aha(啊哈),hush(嘘)。

[注一]属于前六类(名、代、副、数、形、动等词)的词都有实义,叫做实词。

属于后四类(连、冠、介、感等词)的词没有实义,叫做虚词。

[注二]不少词可以属于几个词类,如work(工作;动词和名词),fast(快,形容词和副词),since(自从;连词和介词)等。

构词法定义:构词法是研究怎样造词的学问。

掌握构词法有助于记忆单词,扩大词汇量。

英语单词看似海量,其实真正“原生态”的数量有限,而大量的都是通过构词法造出来的。

如:Foot (足) + ball (球) ------football 足球Sea (海) + food ( 食品) -----seafood 海鲜食品种类:英语最基本的构词法有三种:派生,合成和转化。

2025版一轮总复习语法专题突破专题1第2讲掌握英语必备构词法

2025版一轮总复习语法专题突破专题1第2讲掌握英语必备构词法

Ⅱ.英译汉(注意黑体转化词的用法) 1.He shouldered his way through the crowd. _他__用__肩__膀__推__开__人__群__前__进____。 2.We will try our best to better our living conditions. _我__们__将__尽__力__改__善__我__们__的__生__活__条__件_____。 3.He didn't know the difference between right and wrong. _他__不__辨__是__非__。______
合成
good-looking, easy-going, ordinary-looking
式→形容词
即时演练 Ⅰ.根据汉语意思及构词法写出派生词或合成词 1.__b_ab_y_-_s_it_t_er___ n. 看孩子的人 2.__fa_s_t-_f_o_o_d__ n. 快餐 3.__k_in_d_-_h_e_a_rt_e_d__ adj.好心肠的 4.__m_i_d_d_le_-_a_g_ed__ adj.中年的 5.__tw__o_-y_e_a_r_-o_l_d__ adj.两岁大的 6.happy adj.高兴的→_u_n_h_a_p_p_y_ adj.不高兴的 7.develop vt.发展→_d_e_v_e_lo_p_m__e_n_t _ n.发展 8.employ vt.雇用→_u_n_e_m__p_lo_y_m__e_n_t n.失业
Fat Bear Week began in 2014 as Fat Bear Tuesday. Mike Fitz, a former park worker at Katmai, noticed that live cameras __5_._sh_o_w__in_g__(show) the bears generated a lot of online comments. He and the other workers let people vote for their favourite fat bear on Facebook. The one-day event _6_.a_t_tr_a_c_te_d_____ (attract) just 1,700 votes in 2014. Last year's week-long contest collected nearly 800,000. Fans gather together _7_._h_a_p_p_il_y___ (happy)

高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题突破 专题一 名词、数词、形容词、副词

高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题突破 专题一 名词、数词、形容词、副词

8.(2017·浙江卷)Sixteen years earlier (early),Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.When she wanted to put the ring back on later,it was gone.
may be affordable but doing this most days adds up.There could be an even higher (high) cost on your health.
7.(2017·全国Ⅰ卷)Even worse (bad),the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.
7.(2018·全国Ⅰ卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __c_au_s_e_s___ (cause). 8.(2018·浙江卷)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook.Making Chinese dishes (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
◆名词之间的转换 9.(2018·全国Ⅲ卷)My name is Mireya Mayor.I’m a who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.

2020高考英语语法专题一 名词和冠词

2020高考英语语法专题一 名词和冠词
-13-
高考雷达 考点归纳
3.双重所有格 所谓双重所有格就是指将-’s所有格与of所有格结合起来一起 使用。 a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友 a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生的一张照片
-14-
高考雷达 考点归纳
考点三 常见名词后缀 1.动词变名词的后缀
teach→teacher 老师
-er/-or/-ar
announce→announcer 播音员 conduct→conductor 指挥;售票员
beg→beggar 乞丐
-15-
高考雷达 考点归纳
后缀 -ment
-ance/-ence -ing
例词
achieve→achievement 功绩;成就 argue→argument 辩论;论据 punish→punishment 惩罚 equip→equipment 装备;设备 perform→performance 表演;节目 appear→appearance 出现;外貌 exist→existence 存在;生存 prefer→preference 偏爱 hear→hearing 听力;听觉 begin→beginning 开始
-16-
高考雷达 考点归纳
后缀 -ure/-ture -y 其他
例词
press→pressure 压力 fail→failure 失败;没做到 mix→mixture 混合;混合物 depart→departure 离开;出发 recover→recovery 恢复;痊愈 discover→discovery 发现 choose→choice 选择 vary→variety 多样化;种类 tend→tendency 趋向;趋势

外研版高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题 专题一 考点达标检测

外研版高考英语一轮总复习 语法专题 专题一 考点达标检测

5.
(accept) you for who you 6.
3.We have been planning (plan) this for two months now. 解析 考查时态。句意:我们已经计划这个两个月了。本句用现在完成进行 时,表示某动作从过去某个时间开始,一直延续到现在,并且还有可能持续 下去。故填have been planning。 4.“Tonight we have raised roughly $3,000 in profit,which means over 1,000 children can get the education they deserve,” he said.“ Without you,tonight would not have been possible.”
2.In time when our interactions with others and the large amount of information we take in are (be)all too transient(转瞬即逝的),perhaps it is worth making more time for reading out loud. 解析 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:当我们与他人的互动和我们接收到 的大量信息都太过短暂时,也许值得花更多的时间大声朗读。此处陈述客 观事实,使用一般现在时,主语为interactions和the large amount of information,谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are。
解析 考查虚拟语气。本句考查介词without引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟 语气。故填Without。
5.Both headlines were put (put) forward by a major new study into diet and health outcomes.

2023届高三英语一轮语法总复习专题1+名词课件

2023届高三英语一轮语法总复习专题1+名词课件

Part 2 基础练
五、名词所有格:
1.含义:表示名词的所属关系,通常翻译成“...的...”。 2.名词所有格的形式: (1)名词末尾加______’s______或______’______,多表示人或其他有生命的名词。 汤姆的玩具________T_o_m__’s__to_y__s_______ (2)介词______o_f_____加名词,多用来表示无生命的事物。 文章的标题____th_e__ti_t_le__o_f_t_h_e_p_a_s_s_a_g_e__ 山顶_t_h_e__to_p__o_f_t_h_e_m__o_u_n_t_a_i_n___ (3)“__a_/_tw__o_/s_o_m__e_._.._+__名___词__+__o_f_+__名__词__'_s/_名__词__性___物__主__代__词__”构成双重所有格,“of +名词所有格”中的名词必须表示___人____,不能表示事物。
meat 肉
Part 2 基础练
(2)表抽象概念的不可数名词:
work 工作
knowledge 知识
scenery 风景
luck 运气
traffic 交通
Part 2 基础练
(3)永远不可数的重点名词:
advice 建议
equipment 设备
progress 进步
furniture 家具
news/word 消息
radio-____ra_d_i_o_s____ photo-____p_h_o_t_o_s___ [注意]有些以-o结尾的名词需要在词尾加_____-_e_s_____。
[口诀]黑人英雄爱 吃土豆和西红柿
Negro
hero
tomato

语法专题一名词

语法专题一名词

语法专题探究
英语
一、名词的数 1.常用作复数的名词 (1)有些名词只用作复数或在一些固定用法中只用作复 数,如:make preparations for sth.(=prepare for sth.),
repairs(=repair work),manners(礼貌),clothes(衣服),
works(工事、著作),things(情况),surroundings/circums tances(环境) (2)成双成对的东西一般只用作复数,如:scissors(剪 刀),glasses,trousers,shorts(短裤),socks(短袜),stoc
解析
题中work意为“作品”,为可数名词,又因为suc
h+a/an+adj.+单数可数名词=so+adj.+a/an+单数可 数名词,A项中词序不对,C、D两项中无冠词,所以淘 汰A、C、D三项。 答案 B
语法专题探究
英语
13.This is ________to an end. A.means 解析 B.a mean
kings(长统袜)等。
语法专题探究
英语
2.不可数名词 不可数名词一般没有复数形式,如果需要表示多少,通 常要用“a+表数量的词+of+名词”来表示。通常抽象 名词与物质名词都是不可数名词。
【注意】
除了像bread(面包),wheat(小麦),butter(黄
油),water等物质名词及satisfaction(满意),success(成功) 等抽象名词外,还有部分名词只用作不可数名词,要牢记 常见的几个不可数名词,它们是:fun,advice,news,in formation,clothing,luggage,word(消息),equipment

中考英语语法复习专题一名词精编版

中考英语语法复习专题一名词精编版

【解析】选D。考查名词所有格。句意: 网店以低廉的 价格出售儿童和男士的鞋子。child的复数形式为 children, 表示“儿童的”用children’s; man的复数形 式为men, 表示“男士的”用men’s。故选D。
②(2016·绥化中考)_______room is big and nice. A. Kate’s and Jane’s B. Kate’s and Jane C. Kate and Jane’s 【解析】选C。考查名词所有格。由room可知, 应为二 人共同拥有的, 所以应在最后的名词后加所有格’s, 故 选C。
_______in my research?
—Yes, sure.
A. idea
B. message
C. suggestion
D. advice
【解析】选D。考查可数名词和不可数名词。本句中 有some, 后接可数名词复数形式, 或者不可数名词。 idea, message, suggestion均为可数名词, 且为单数形式, 故排除。故选D。
③(2017·南京中考)—I go swimming every day.
—Wow! That’s a good_______. It keeps you healthy.
A. match
B. taskC. hab NhomakorabeatD. dream
【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。由后句“它使你
保持健康”可知, 前句意为“那是一个好的习惯”,
paper纸; 报纸; 试卷
time时间; 次数
glass玻璃; 玻璃杯
2. 近义词辨析 近义词指某几个名词在意义上比较相近, 但使用范
围却有差别。英语中的近义词比较多, 考试中出现频率 较高的近义词有以下几组: home, family, house家 problem, question, trouble问题

人教版初中英语语法专练专题一句子成分

人教版初中英语语法专练专题一句子成分

专题一句子成分基础巩固Ⅰ.单句填空1.The (nation) park has a large collection of wildlife, ranging from butterflies to elephants.答案national空格处在句中作名词park的定语,故填提示词的形容词形式national。

2.The (fail) was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.答案failure句意:这次失败对他来说是个沉重的打击,可是他没有气馁,很快他又像以前那样情绪高涨了。

空格处在句中作主语,结合空前的定冠词可知,应填名词failure。

3.Dashan, has been learning crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition.答案who句意:几十年来,一直在学习中国喜剧传统相声的大山想把相声和西方喜剧传统融合起来。

前两个逗号之间为非限制性定语从句,先行词指人,关系词在从句中作主语,故用who引导定语从句。

4.She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library, and I (admit) that I hadn't.答案admitted句意:她问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。

空格处在句中与asked作并列谓语,且表示过去发生的动作,因此应用一般过去时态。

故空格处填admitted。

5.Mr. and Mrs. Brown would like to see (they) daughter settle down, get married, and have kids.答案their句意:布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来,结婚生子。

英语语法专题一 名词

英语语法专题一 名词

专题一 名词考点突破考点二 名词的数考点三 名词所有格考点一 名词词义辨析考点突破一、名词的分类名词即表示人或物名称的词,它分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。

具体情况见下表:类别意义例词专有名词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词Lucy,China,the Great Wall, the Great Hall of the People普通名词 个体名词表示个体的人或事物的词dictionary,pencil,chair,win-dow,table,book,bike,ball,dog集体名词表示一群人或一些事物的词family,police,class,group,team 物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的词rice,glass,water,porridge,pa-per,air,wool,wheat,steel抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象概念的词knowledge,danger,health,love二、常考名词在中考中,对于名词的考查多集中在具体语言环境下名词词义的辨析上。

综合分析这几年的中考真题,总结出一些常考的名词。

具体如下:Aactivity活动 address地址 advertisement广告advantage优势 advice建议 attention注意athlete运动员Bbalance平衡 bottom底部 business商业,生意 Cchallenge挑战 chance机会 change变化collection收集物 contribution贡献 choice选择competition比赛;竞争 cause原因 custom风俗courage勇气Ddecision决定 design设计 difference不同discussion讨论 duty责任;义务 distance距离description描述 director导演;负责人direction说明;方向 Eeducation教育 effort努力 energy能量;精力experiment实验 expression表达 environment环境excuse借口 exhibition展览experience经验;经历explanation解释;说明Ffeeling感觉 fun乐趣Hhabit习惯 hobby业余爱好 honour荣誉I information信息 interest兴趣importance重要性 invention发明interview面试;访谈 influence影响(力) instruction说明;指示 invitation邀请M/Nmood心情 noise噪音Ooffer提议 opinion意见,看法opportunity机会 organization机构;组织Pprotection保护 praise表扬 patient病人progress进步 problem问题 promise承诺pride骄傲Rreason理由;原因 relation关系result结果report报告 res earch研究;调查Sservice服务 shape形状;外形 stranger陌生人sight视力;景象 style样式;款式 support支持success成功 suggestion建议 sense感觉T technology技术 tourist游客 tradition传统traffic车辆;交通 trouble困难Vvoice嗓音 volunteer志愿者 visitor游客value价值考点二 名词的数名词的数在英语中,普通名词按照其所表示的事物性质可分为可数名词与不可数名词。

专题一:句子的种类和结构(高考英语语法复习)

专题一:句子的种类和结构(高考英语语法复习)

一.句子的种类和结构种类1.用途角度(1).陈述句:陈述一件事情,分为肯定句和否定句(2).疑问句:提出问题,分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句(what where when why which who how)、选择疑问句(or)、反义疑问句(3)、祈使句:提出命令要求请求Eg. Set down please.(4)、感叹句:表达强烈的感情1)、由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).Eg.what a clever girl she is!What an interesting story it is!What good children they are!What delicious food it is!2)、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分).如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).How cold it is today!How nice the pictures are!How well she sings!3)、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导.如:①What a hot day it is!How hot the day is !②What tall buildings they are!How tall the buildings are!4)、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲.2.结构句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。

2022高一英语语法专练:专题1 名词(学生版+解析版)

2022高一英语语法专练:专题1 名词(学生版+解析版)

名词1. In the________of further evidence,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term.A. presenceB. chargeC. controlD. absence2. Training of the employees was suggested as one _____ to dealing with the problem of low efficiency.A. methodB. wayC. approachD. means3. The good news that he got a_________to Senior Editor brought great happiness to his family.A. prospectB. promotionC. priorityD. privilege4. Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park, I’m full of joy and confidence in the future of our country.A. sightB. viewC. signD. scene5. The police are offering a $ 60,000 _____ for information about the killer.A. priceB. prizeC. awardD. reward6. All around the world, we can see kids playing football to their hearts’ ______.A. contentB. pleasureC. satisfactoryD. attraction7. Robert appeared on the stage. She took a deep breath and began to speak.Now she was Portia, a strong-willed ____in Shakespeare’s The Merchant o f Venice.A. memberB. actressC. playerD. character8. _____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. With9. Marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test of and willpower.A. insistenceB. enduranceC. preservationD. bravery10. The captain and were accused of abandoning passengers in South Korea ferry disaster.A. membersB. crewC. partnersD. team11. Rafael Nadal is a tennis champion equipped with a big heart, to win and resolution to defeat all his opponents.A. persuasionB. determinationC. fascinationD. accumulation12. President Donald Trump's first state dinner excluded Democratic members of Congress andthe media, which was criticized by many as a(n) _________ from tradition.A. departureB. benefitC. escapeD. lesson13. Letting virtual assistants, such as Amazon's Alexa, take care of your home is a(n) _________ for disaster to some, because AI-infused systems may demonstrate unpredictable behaviors that can be disruptive, confusing, offensive, and even dangerous.A. topicB. shortcutC. cureD. recipe14. The literature masterpiece Macbeth by Shakespeare will be better understood if readers look at the tragedy in the historical _________ of the Elizabethan and Jacobean periods, an era of stability.A. contentB. contestC. contextD. contact15. With the _______ of the mid-term examinations, the majority of the students are becoming more and more nervous.A. approachB. accessC. attachmentD. appearance16. When you want to buy something, you need to take the price into ____________.A. decisionB. requirementC. considerationD. importance17. Marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test of and willpower.A. insistenceB. enduranceC. preservationD. bravery18. The captain and were accused of abandoning passengers in South Korea ferry disaster.A. membersB. crewC. partnersD. team19. Rafael Nadal is a tennis champion equipped with a big heart, to win and resolution to defeat all his opponents.A. persuasionB. determinationC. fascinationD. accumulation20. Our natural ________ are limited. This means that they will not________forever.A. energies; occurB. materials ; eruptC. resources ; lastD. sources; bury名词1. In the________of further evidence,the police were unable to solve the murder in a short term.A. presenceB. chargeC. controlD. absence【答案解析】D【详解】考查名词词义辨析。

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of personal taste.
A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety
( 2007. 山东 . 27 ) ( C )
热点5 名词与其他词的固定搭配
常见的是名词与冠词、介词及动词的搭配。
例题
1. Despite such a big difference in ____ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special. ( 2007. 湖北 . 23)
me the secret?
--- Taking plenty of exercise every day.
( 2007. 福建 . 31 )
( D)
A. power B. strength C. force D. energy
2. I can’t say which wine is best--- It’s a(n) _____
专题1 名词与冠词
考点关注:
1 名词的词义辨析 2 名词作定语 3 名词的数、格 4 抽象名词具体化 5 名词与冠词、介词、动词等的 搭配 6 固定搭配中的冠词运用
热点透视 热热 点1 名词的数:分清不可数、可数名词 及点 其复数变化形式
常考词汇:fun, news, weather--- 不可数名词;
D. Tom’s and John ( B )
2. --- Is this a book of your ______?
--- No, it is somebody _____.
A.father; else B. father’s; else C. father; else’s D. father’s; else’s ( D )
2. I saw some _____ students talking with their _____ teachers on _____ Day. (A)
A. girl; women; Women’s B. girls; women; Women
C. girl; woman; Woman’s D. girls; woman; Women’s
A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a
D. a; a ( C )
2. Though we are now out of ______ danger, the broken
bridge is still _____ great danger to car drivers.
双重所有格---of+ n. +’s,如 a friend of my father’s/ mine.
例题
1.--- Whose room is this?
--- It’s _____ room.
A.Tom’s and John’s B. Tom and John’s
C. Tom and John
A. a; a B. /; a C. /; / D. a; / ( c )
2. Some _____ doctors are handing out health care
booklets to the ____.
( B)
A. woman; passers-by B. women; passers-by
C. woman; passer-bys D. women; passer-bys
热点2 名词的格
三种所有格形式: n.+’s; of+n.; of+n.+’s.
常考点:以-s结尾的复数名词所有格只加“’”;
两人共有所有格只在后一人后加“’s”,如Tom and Mike’s room; 无生命的物体所有格--- of + n.,如 the door of the room;
热点4 名词词义辨析
考查近义词、同义词、近形词在特定语境中的 运用。
解题指导:做此类题时,要注意使用“语 境分析法”,即分析说话人所处的语言情 境,通过上下句意弄清此人要表达的意图, 对各个选项进行比较对照,确定最佳选项。 当然,对选项中各词义的掌握是解题的必 备条件。
例题
1.--- You are always full of ______. Can you tell
热点6 抽象名词具体化
有些抽象名词,在指具体的人或物时可转化为可数名词。
常考词汇:surprise, failure, success, honour, danger, must等。 例题
1. We have every reason to believe that _____ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be _______ success. ( 2007. 江苏 . 21)
A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight ( C )
2. It is said that dogs will keep you ____ for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely.
(B) A. safety B. company C. house D. friend
passer-by, grown-up--- 复数 passers-by, grown-ups; means, works(工厂,作品)---单复数同形;
people, police, cattle --- 只看作复数
例题
1. It is ___ great funer.
热点3 名词作定语
名词作定语在逻辑上表示中心词的用途、材料、来源等,
多用单数,个别可用复数名词修饰名词复数,如men doctors, women teachers.
例题
1. He broke his _____ cup at the _____ gate.
A. coffee’s; school B. coffee; school’s ( C ) C. coffee; school D. coffee’s; school’s
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