定语从句
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1.从句位置及语序 从句位置及语序: 从句位置及语序 2.翻译方法 翻译方法: 翻译方法 3.构成 构成
之后,用陈述式语序 先行词 之后 用陈述式语序 “….的” 的 关系词
关系代词 关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系 1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
及物动词
3.I went to the place
where/ in which I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago. which
及物动词
why/ for which 5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late. that/which 6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave.
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。 结果状语从句 结果状语从句) 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 1
The man The city
whom you spoke to was a scientist. which she lives in is far away.
关系副词和先行词的关系 I still remember the day when I came here.
on the day =when
This is the house where I lived last year.
in the house= where
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.
限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所以不能省略
非限制性定语从句和单句的比较
1.I am reading Harry Porter, which an interesting book. _____is This 2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry. which 3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.
√ × √ √
√ √ × ×
√ √ √ ×
√ √ √ √
何时可以省略？ 何时可以省略？
做宾语时可以省略 宾语时可以省略
关系代词的用法练习
1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.
难用的 whose
Join the following pair of sentences.
The house is mine. The window of the house is broken. The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s window
The Attributive Clause 定语从句讲解
限制性定语从句的构成
The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory where my father works.
× that
them 4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers. whom 5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.
as 引导的非限制性定语从句
It The earth is round._____ is known to all. which The earth is round,_____ is known to all. / as _____ is known to all, the earth is round As 定语从句在句首时只能用as, 定语从句在句首时只能用 ______ is known to all that the earth is round. It 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的， as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected
as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)
Please compare:
This is the same pen as I lost.
这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
This is the same pen that I lost.
这本书就是我丢的那本。 这本书就是我丢的那本。
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 定语从句 定语从句) 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句
that This is such an interesting book ____we all like it. This is so interesting a book ____we all like it. that
as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)
Please complete the following sentences and compare:
as This is such an interesting book ____ we all like. as This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.
3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.
He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parent’s farm.
for the reasons =why
I don’t like the way that you speak.
in the way =that 关系副词实际上是介词＋ 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
几种易混的情况
when /in which 1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together. 2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together. which
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 实际上是先行词的所有格 关系词
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋ 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系代词的用法
关系代词在从句中可以： 关系代词在从句中可以： 指人 that which who whom 指物 主语 宾语
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 4
下面两句中的介词能提前吗? 下面两句中的介词能提前吗
Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .
在固定短语中介词不能提前
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 练习
on which 1. Do you like the book she spent $10? for which 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? from which she learned 3. Do you like the book a lot? 4. Do you like the book about which she often talks? 5. He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.
the wiBaidu Nhomakorabeadow of which is broken
The house
of which the window is broken
is mine.
非限制性定语从句
Please compare:
Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful. 形式 限制性定 语从句 作用 修饰限定 能否省略 翻译 不能 ….的 的
及物动词
难用的 whose
Join the following pair of sentences.
The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class. The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class. whose =the student’s 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系词 实际上是先行词的所有格
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 3
Are these two sentences right?
The man to who/whom you spoke × The city in that/which she lives × 可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后 、 可见
was a scientist. is far away.
6. There is a tall tree outside, under which stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______ of which is the Yellow River. from which people can have a good view 8. The tower _______ is on the hill. 9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night to whom is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ______ of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.
The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.
5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.
非限制性 插入成分 补充解释 定语从句
能
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果
之后,用陈述式语序 先行词 之后 用陈述式语序 “….的” 的 关系词
关系代词 关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系 1.A plane is a machine that can fly.
the machine = that
及物动词
3.I went to the place
where/ in which I worked ten years ago.
4.I went to the place _____________ I visited ten years ago. which
及物动词
why/ for which 5.This is the reason _____________________ he was late. that/which 6.This is the reason _____________________ he gave.
这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。 结果状语从句 结果状语从句) 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 1
The man The city
whom you spoke to was a scientist. which she lives in is far away.
关系副词和先行词的关系 I still remember the day when I came here.
on the day =when
This is the house where I lived last year.
in the house= where
There are many reasons why people like traveling.
The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.
限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确， 所以不能省略
非限制性定语从句和单句的比较
1.I am reading Harry Porter, which an interesting book. _____is This 2.He failed in the exam._______ made his parents angry. which 3.He failed in the exam, _______made his parents angry.
√ × √ √
√ √ × ×
√ √ √ ×
√ √ √ √
何时可以省略？ 何时可以省略？
做宾语时可以省略 宾语时可以省略
关系代词的用法练习
1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.
难用的 whose
Join the following pair of sentences.
The house is mine. The window of the house is broken. The house whose window is broken is mine. whose=the house’s window
The Attributive Clause 定语从句讲解
限制性定语从句的构成
The old lady who lives next to us sells books. You should do all that I said. I have found the teather whom I am looking for . I visited the factory where my father works.
× that
them 4.He has two sons. Both of ________ are teachers. whom 5.He has two sons, both of ________ are teachers.
as 引导的非限制性定语从句
It The earth is round._____ is known to all. which The earth is round,_____ is known to all. / as _____ is known to all, the earth is round As 定语从句在句首时只能用as, 定语从句在句首时只能用 ______ is known to all that the earth is round. It 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的， as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected
as 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)
Please compare:
This is the same pen as I lost.
这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。
This is the same pen that I lost.
这本书就是我丢的那本。 这本书就是我丢的那本。
这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 定语从句 定语从句) 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句
that This is such an interesting book ____we all like it. This is so interesting a book ____we all like it. that
as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)
Please complete the following sentences and compare:
as This is such an interesting book ____ we all like. as This is so interesting a book _____ we all like.
The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.
3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.
He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parent’s farm.
for the reasons =why
I don’t like the way that you speak.
in the way =that 关系副词实际上是介词＋ 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
几种易混的情况
when /in which 1.I’ll never forget the days______________ we worked together. 2.I’ll never forget the days ___________ we spent together. which
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 实际上是先行词的所有格 关系词
4.The school where I study is far from my home.
in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋ 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系代词的用法
关系代词在从句中可以： 关系代词在从句中可以： 指人 that which who whom 指物 主语 宾语
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 4
下面两句中的介词能提前吗? 下面两句中的介词能提前吗
Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .
在固定短语中介词不能提前
2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.
the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指
3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 练习
on which 1. Do you like the book she spent $10? for which 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? from which she learned 3. Do you like the book a lot? 4. Do you like the book about which she often talks? 5. He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.
the wiBaidu Nhomakorabeadow of which is broken
The house
of which the window is broken
is mine.
非限制性定语从句
Please compare:
Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students. The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful. 形式 限制性定 语从句 作用 修饰限定 能否省略 翻译 不能 ….的 的
及物动词
难用的 whose
Join the following pair of sentences.
The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class. The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class. whose =the student’s 关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 关系词 实际上是先行词的所有格
介词+关系代词的情况 介词 关系代词的情况 3
Are these two sentences right?
The man to who/whom you spoke × The city in that/which she lives × 可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后 、 可见
was a scientist. is far away.
6. There is a tall tree outside, under which stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _______ of which is the Yellow River. from which people can have a good view 8. The tower _______ is on the hill. 9. The man ________ I spoke on the phone last night to whom is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ______ of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.
The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.
5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. I don’t like the people that / who they smoke a lot.
非限制性 插入成分 补充解释 定语从句
能
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果 Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.
Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.
分析两种定语从句省略后的结果