广州新版八年级英语下册unit1

Unit 1 Helping those in need

一、要点概括

1.短语

in need, voluntary work, ask peimission, suffer from, raise one’s spirits, in order to, continue to do, pay for, work as

2.句型

(1)There are many children without parents.

(2)They have difficulty walking or moving.

(3)I am thingking about doing some voluntary work.

(4)I am going to do some voluntary work.

(5)Since then, this project has helped millions of girls return to school.

(6)I wish to help other girls the way the Spring Bud Project helped me.

二、疑难宝典

1. courage 勇气，勇敢

amazing courage 惊人的胆量cool courage 镇定勇气

He hurt his leg in an accident, but he has lots of courage.

They do not have the courage to apologise for their actions.

2. illness （某种）病

bear illness 忍受疼痛cure illness 治愈疾病combat illness 与疾病斗争

He died at the age of 83 after a long illness.

3. in order to 目的在于，为了

In order to raise money for children in need, we are going to sell old books.

She worked all summer in order to save enough money for a holiday.

4. lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞的

She is unhappy and very lonely.

【区别】lonely＆alone

alone单独的（意为没有其他人陪伴）；lonely孤独的（因为没有他人的陪伴而难受）

5. offer 主动提出[ + to do sth. ]表示愿意（做......）

Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays.

He offered to get me a cab.

6. peace 宁静，平静（n.）peaceful adj. 宁静的

I taught them to sing because music can bring them joy and peace.

After a busy day, all I want is peace and quiet.

7. raise 筹募，增加，提高

We need to help children like Tim and raise their spirits.

They are raising money for charity.

Please raise standards.

【区别】raise＆rise

raise意思是将某物抬举或举到较高的位置，或者增加数量、提高水平，后面必须跟宾语。

rise意思是增加或上升，后面不接宾语。

8. There be句型表示存在，意为“某地有某物”。Be动词应与紧跟其后的主语的单复数形式

保持一致。主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is或was，主语是复数可数名词时用are 或were。

There is some bread on the plate.

There are seven days in a week.

There was a lot of rain last year.

【拓展】当there be句型中有几个并列的主语时，be动词的形式通常要与离其最近的主语的单复数形式保持一致。

There is a pen and two books on the desk.

There are two boys and a teacher over there.

9. tell是及物动词，意为“讲述；告诉”。Tell stories意为“讲故事”。

Can you tell stories in English.

辨析：tell, talk, speak与say

tell 告诉，讲述表示把某件事或某条信息传达给别人，也可以表示“讲故事”

或“说谎话”等

speak 说，发言常用来指说某种语言，也可指发言等

talk 交谈，谈话talk to/ with sb. 意为“与某人交谈”，talk about意为“谈论”

say 说强调说的内容，它的后面或前面往往有说话的内容

He likes to tell jokes.

He tells me that he wants to be a teacher.

Please talk to him right now.

He can speak English and a little Chinese.

Can you say it in English once more?

10. unhappy是由形容词happy加否定前缀“un-”构成的，意为“伤心的，不快乐的”。在英语中，形容词的否定前缀有un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-等。有些形容词加上相应的前缀，就构成了其反义词，这种词法称为前缀法或派生法。

①大多数形容词加前缀un-构成反义词。

able---unable friendly---unfriendly

②以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词。

correct---incorrect expensive---inexpensive

③以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词。

possible---impossible polite---impolite

④以r开头的形容词通常加前缀ir-构成反义词。

regular---irregular

⑤有些形容词加前缀dis-构成反义词。

honest---dishonest

11. difficulty 不可数名词，意为“困难，费劲”。Have difficulty (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，doing前的in可以省略。

I have some difficulty (in) working out the maths problems.

He has difficulty (in) solving the problem.

【拓展】类似结构的短语：

have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦have problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有问题have fun (in) doing sth. 做某事有乐趣

12. 辨析because与because of

because 连词，后接从句

because of 后接名词、代词或名词性短语

He didn’t pass the exam because of his carelessness.

= He didn’t pass the exam because he was careless.