初中被动语态语法讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解知识讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解初中被动语态语法讲解(一) 语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：一般现在时：am / is / are + done一般过去时：was / were + done一般将来时：shall / will + be done一般过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done将来完成时：shall / will + have been + done过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1. 一般现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn't allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2. 一般过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn't forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3. 一般将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4. 过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5. 现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6. 过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.7. 现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8. 过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) People had considered him to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词”构成。
初中中的被动语态用法详解
初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，包含了及物动词的被动形式。
初中阶段，学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。
本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。
一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。
be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。
过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。
例如：- The car is repaired.（句子时态：一般现在时）- The car was repaired.（句子时态：一般过去时）- The car will be repaired.（句子时态：一般将来时）二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中，我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
有时，在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。
例如：- The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）- The book will be published next month.（这本书将在下个月出版。
）2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下，句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。
例如：- The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。
例如：- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.（鸡蛋洗净、剥皮，然后煮熟。
）4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。
例如：- The decision was made.（决定已经做出。
）- The question was answered.（问题已经回答。
）三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时，需注意以下几点：1. 意义的改变：动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上，原主语成为了新的宾语；2. 动词形式的变化：be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关；3. 语态的时态保持一致：主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。
初中英语语法——被动语态
初中英语语法——被动语态(1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。
主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。
在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。
(2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be有时态、人称和数的变化。
被动语态后的by短语有时可省去。
具体结构见下表：[注]p.p.表示过去分词。
(1) 被动语态的用法：①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：A man was killedin the accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的)②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。
如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里将要修建一条铁路)③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。
如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的)/ A petdog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的)(2)主动语态如何改写为被动语态：+ 状语+ 状语(动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者)(3) 注意点：①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。
如：His teacher gave him a dictionary.→He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典→他得到老师一本字典)也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出原句的间接宾语。
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳
初中英语语法——被动语态用法总结归纳被动语态是英语语法中的重要部分，学好被动语态的用法可以帮助学生更准确地理解和使用英语。
下面是被动语态用法的详细总结归纳。
1.被动语态的构成：被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成，根据时态的不同，助动词be的形式也会发生变化。
如：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 一般将来时：will be + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词2.被动语态的用法：被动语态用来强调动作的承受者（主语）而不是执行者，并且常用于以下情景：2.1当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
例如：The cake was eaten.（蛋糕被吃了。
）2.2当动作的执行者已知，但我们要强调动作的承受者时。
例如：The house was built by my grandfather.（这座房子是我爷爷建的。
）2.3当我们要避免使用第一人称或第二人称时。
例如：Mistakes were made.（犯了错误。
）3.被动语态的注意事项：在使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：3.1表示动作的动词要用过去分词形式。
过去分词的形式有规律变化和不规律变化两种。
如：- 规律变化：原形 + ed，例如：played, watched, called- 不规律变化：需要记忆，例如：born, written, eaten3.2被动句的主语是动作的承受者，通常出现在句子的前面。
如：- 主动语态：I cooked dinner.（我做了晚饭。
）- 被动语态：Dinner was cooked by me.（晚饭是我做的。
）3.3 不及物动词不能构成被动语态。
不及物动词没有宾语，因此不能强调动作的承受者。
英语被动语态语法讲解
过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done含有情态动词: 情态动词+ be+ done.［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
People plant trees in the garden.Trees are planned by people in the garden.We are watching the TVnow.The TV are being watched by us.(三)被动语态的使用1.因为被动语态所强调的是动作的承受者，所以当强调或者突出动作承受者时，常常用被动语态。
如果需要说明动作的发出者，则用by+动作发出者，如果不需要说明，则可以省略。
The cup was broken （by Paul）.所以当不知道或没有必要指出动作的发出者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”2.当不知道或者是没有必要说出动作的发出者时，一般用被动语态。
These reports were made by Helen。
（强调动作的发出者时Helen）. The cup was broken. （强调被子被打碎）3.当主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in +名词作状语，而代替by短语。
These cars were made in China.(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法（1） My sistert invites me to her birthday party.｜｜｜主语谓语宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）此时主语My sister 为动作invite 的发出者。
所以此句为一般现在时的主动语态。
→ I am invited (by my asister ) to her birthday party.｜｜｜主语谓语宾语此时主语I 为动作invite 的承受者，所以此句为一般现在时的被动语态。
初中被动语态语法讲解
初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：Theywillbuildanewbridgeovertheriver.(主动)Anewbridgewillbebuiltovertheriver.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
不同时态的被动语态，列表如下：—般现在时：am/is/are+done—般殳过去时：was/were+done—般将来时：shall/will+bedone—般过去将来时：should/would+bedone现在进行时：am/is/are+being+done过去进行时：was/were+being+done现在完成时：have/has+been+done过去完成时：had+been+done将来完成时：shall/will+havebeen+done过去将来完成时：should/would+havebeen+done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态1.一般现在时：(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher. Wearenotallowedtoenterthechemistrylabwithoutateacher.2.一般过去时：(1)Theyagreedonthebuildingofanewcarfactorylastmonth. Thebuildingofanewcarfactorywasagreedonlastmonth.(2)Thestudentsdidn'tforgethislessonseasily.Hislessonswerenoteasilyforgotten3.一般将来时：(1)Theywillsendcarsabroadbysea.Carswillbesentabroadbysea.(2)Theywillgiveplentyofjobstoschool-leavers.Plentyofjobswillbegiventoschool-leavers.4.过去将来时：(1)Themanagersaidtheywouldcompletetheprojectbytheendoftheyear. Themanagersaidtheprojectwouldbecompletedbytheendoftheyear.(2)Theworkerstoldmetheywouldmendthecarassoonaspossible. Theworkerstoldmethatthecarwouldbemendedassoonaspossible.5.现在进行时：(1)TheradioisbroadcastingEnglishlessons. Englishlessonsarebeingbroadcastedontheradio.(2)Wearepaintingtherooms.Theroomsarebeingpainted.6.过去进行时：(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroad.Theroadwasbeingmended.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere. Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.7.现在完成时：(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff. Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.Hisbookhasbeenbroughthere.8.过去完成时：(1)WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheyhadalreadysoldoutthetickets.WhenIgottothetheatre,Ifoundtheticketshadalreadybeensoldout.(2)Peoplehadconsideredhimtobeagreatleader.Hehadbeenconsideredtobeagreatleader(四)含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
初中英语语法——被动语态
被动语态一、考点解读在动词运用中，动词的时态和被动语态是重头戏，各项英语测试均对此“情有独钟”。
在各地的中考题的单选，完型填空中都会出现对于被动语态的考查。
今天我们这个专题中将主要复习归纳以下的内容：1．被动语态的构成2．被动语态的用法3．主动语态和被动语态的转换4．被动语态的一些特殊的运用形式二、专题梳理动词的被动语态语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和谓语之间的具体关系，分为主动语态和被动语态两种。
主动语态表示主语是谓语动词所表示的动词的执行者。
在初中阶段我们所学的句子绝大部分都是主动语态。
今天我们主要复习被动语态，被动语态表示主语不是动作的执行者，而是谓语动词所表示的动作的承受者。
（一）被动语态的构成1．被动语态的基本结构：be＋动词过去分词2．各种时态的主动被动语态结构（以动词do为例）（二）被动语态的用法被动语态中主语是动作的承受者，主要用于下列几种情况：1．不知道动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.This watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。
2．没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。
e.g.More trees must be planted every year.每年必须有更多的树被种植。
3．需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。
e.g.Chinese is spoken by more and more people inthe world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语（强调汉语的使用广泛）。
4．动作的发出者不是人时。
e.g.Many houses were washed away in the flood.很多房屋在洪水中被冲走了。
（三）主动语态和被动语态的转换1．主动语态变被动语态：（1）要将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句中的主语成分，若主动句中的宾语是人称代词，要将宾格变主格。
（2）把主动句中的主语变为被动句中的宾语，主格变宾格，并由by引导。
（3）谓语动词变成相应的被动形式。
初中英语被动语态
初中被动语态全解语态表示主语和谓语的关系,英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态，如：We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语，speak的动作是由主语we来执行的。
如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态,如：Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说，Chinese是动词speak的承受者。
一．被动语态的时态：be +动词的过去分词1.一般现在时的被动语态结构：is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.Football （play）all over the world。
Many trees （plant）in North China.Rice （grow）in South China.A camera （use）for taking photosI often （ask）to do this work.2.一般过去时的被动语态结构：was /were+及物动词的过去分词＋其它+by sb.The house （build）in 1978.All the students _____________ (ask) to bring a kite with them last SundayThe car (clean) by Dad yesterday.I （tell）to wait for him right here.When the present （give）to him by his mother？3含有情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词can / may / must / should + be + 及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb.Chocolate may (send) to him as a present.Computers should （look）after well.Can this kind of machine （mend）by Uncle Wang?No stars can （see）in the day-time by us.Must the old people ____________ (speak) to politely?主动语态变为被动的几个特殊情况①有些动词在主动结构中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改为被动，则需把省略的to加上，这类动词有[let, make, have,help]和感官动词[feel,see,hear,watch,look at,listen to]，如：The boss made my grandfather work 10hours a day.改成My grandfather was made to work for 10 hours a day.②含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面/也可采用另一种形式，这类动词有：know, say, believe, find, think, report等③是所有的主动句都可以变换成被动句，更不是所有的被动句都可以自由变换成主动句。
初中英语语法专题讲义：被动语态
初中英语语法专题讲义：被动语态1. 什么是被动语态？被动语态是英语的一种语法形式，表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作执行者的语态。
被动语态的组成方式为：be动词 + 过去分词。
举个例子：主动语态：The cat ate the fish. （猫吃了鱼。
）被动语态：The fish was eaten by the cat. （鱼被猫吃了。
）2. 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成方式如下：- 一般现在时：am/is/are + 过去分词- 一般过去时：was/were + 过去分词- 现在进行时：am/is/are being + 过去分词- 过去进行时：was/were being + 过去分词- 现在完成时：have/has been + 过去分词- 过去完成时：had been + 过去分词3. 被动语态的用法被动语态主要用于以下几种情况：- 当不知道或不关心动作的执行者时。
- 当强调动作的承受者时。
- 当动作的执行者是显而易见的时。
举个例子：When were you born? （你什么时候出生的？）→ When was he born？（他什么时候出生的？）The book was written by her. （这本书是她写的。
）The cake was made by my mother. （这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）4. 注意事项在考虑是否使用被动语态时，需要注意以下几点：- 主动语态比被动语态更加直接和生动。
- 使用被动语态时，需要确保句子的主语是动作的承受者。
- 需要适当地使用被动语态，不要过度使用。
5. 练题将下列主动语态改写为被动语态。
1. The teacher explains the grammar rules.3. We have finished the homework.4. The children are painting the wall.答案：1. The grammar rules are explained by the teacher.3. The homework has been finished by us.4. The wall is being painted by the children.。
初中语法难点详解被动语态的变换
初中语法难点详解被动语态的变换被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要部分。
在句子中，被动语态用于强调动作的接受者，而不是执行者。
本文将详细介绍初中阶段学习者在学习被动语态时所遇到的难点，并提供一些变换被动语态的方法。
一、什么是被动语态被动语态是句子的一种语态表达形式，它将动作的执行者放在句子的后面，而将动作的接受者放在句子的前面。
被动语态由be动词的适当形式和过去分词构成。
例如：Active Voice（主动语态）：Tom reads the book.Passive Voice（被动语态）：The book is read by Tom.在被动语态中，动作的接受者（the book）成为句子的主语，并且be动词的形式根据句子的时态和人称进行变换。
二、常见的被动语态形式1. 一般现在时被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词例如：Active Voice：They make delicious cakes.Passive Voice：Delicious cakes are made by them.2. 一般过去时被动语态：主语 + was/were + 过去分词例如：Active Voice：She wrote a letter.Passive Voice：A letter was written by her.3. 现在进行时被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词例如：Active Voice：They are building a house. Passive Voice：A house is being built by them.4. 过去进行时被动语态：主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词例如：Active Voice：He was cooking dinner.Passive Voice：Dinner was being cooked by him.5. 现在完成时被动语态：主语 + have/has been + 过去分词例如：Active Voice：She has eaten all the cookies.Passive Voice：All the cookies have been eaten by her.三、被动语态的变换方法1. 变换时态：根据句子的时态，使用适当形式的be动词，并将动词的过去分词形式放在句子的末尾。
初中语法一般现在时的被动语态详细讲解及练习题
一般现在时的被动语态一、英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。
主语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态。
如： We clean the classroom. 我们打扫教室。
主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。
如：The classroom is cleaned (by us). 教室被（我们）打扫。
二、被动语态的构成：助动词be +及物动词的过去分词+（by+宾语）其中by意为“被……；由……”，表动作的执行者。
如：The glass is broken by that boy. 玻璃杯是那个男孩打破的。
肯定句：主语+ am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格 )+ 其他eg .English is studied (by us ) every day.否定句: 主语+ am / is / are + not + 动词的过去分词 +(by+人代宾格 )+ 其他eg. English is not studied (by us ) every day.一般疑问句：Is English not studied (by us ) every day.?特殊疑问句：What/Where/When+ am / is / are +主语+动词的过去分词+ 其他三、被动语态的用法：下面的几种情况用被动语态1. 当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者时。
如： Silk is produced in Suzhou. 苏州出产丝绸。
2. 当没有必要说明谁是动作的执行者时。
如： Colour TV sets are sold in that shop. 那个商店出售彩电。
3. 强调说明动作的承受者时。
如：These bicycles are made in China. 这些自行车是中国制造的。
【温馨提示】如果需要说明动作的执行者时，由介词by引出。
如：This coat is made by her mother.这件大衣是她妈妈做的。
初中中考英语语法被动语态的讲解
初中中考英语语法被动语态的讲解-专项练习及参考答案被动语态是英语语法中的一种句子结构，用于表达动作的承受者或受事者。
在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，而动作的执行者则放在句子的谓语部分，常常使用“be动词+过去分词”的句子结构。
动词的被动语态结构：一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时：was/were+过去分词现在进行时：am/is/are being+过去分词过去进行时：was/were being+过去分词一般将来时：will be+过去分词一般过去将来时：would be+过去分词被动语态的使用：1. 当我们想重点强调句子的承受者，而不是动作执行者时使用被动语态。
例句：The book was written by the famous author. （强调书的作者）2. 当我们不知道动作执行者时使用被动语态。
例句：The window was broken. （不知道是谁打破了窗户）3. 当我们想在句子中使用动名词或不定式作主语时使用被动语态。
例句：Being invited to the party is a great honor. （被邀请去参加聚会是很荣幸的事情）专项练习及参考答案：1. The movie _____ by millions of people last week.A. watchedB. is watchedC. was watchedD. has watched答案：C2. The flowers _____ by the gardener every day.A. were wateredB. waterC. are wateringD. have watered答案：A3. The old town _____ a lot of changes in recent years.A. seesB. is seenC. was seenD. has seen答案：D4. The cake _____ by my mom for my birthday party.A. was madeB. madeC. is madeD. has made答案：A5. The thief _____ by the police in the park yesterday.A. caughtB. is caughtC. was caughtD. catches答案：C6. The table _____ by the carpenter for the customer last week.A. was madeB. madeC. is madeD. has made答案：A7. A lot of houses _____ by the storm last night.A. were destroyedB. destroyC. are destroyingD. have destroyed答案：A8. Your help with the project _____ by the teacher.A. is appreciatedB. appreciatedC. was appreciatedD. has appreciated答案：C9. The castle _____ by the tourists every summer.A. visitsB. is visitedC. was visitedD. has visited答案：B10. The problem _____ by the whole class yesterday.A. was discussedB. discussedC. is discussedD. has discussed答案：A。
初中被动语态详细讲解
语法专练语法专练---------被动语态被动语态被动语态一、语态概述一、语态概述我吃了一个苹果，我吃了一个苹果， 那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。
那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。
正如汉语中的被字句，正如汉语中的被字句，正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。
英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。
英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。
巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：例如：例如：Many Manypeople speak English.谓语：谓语：谓语：speak speak 的动作是由主语many people 来执行的。
来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。
巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.English is spoken by many people.主语主语English 是动词speak 的承受者。
的承受者。
例如：例如：He opened the door.He opened the door.He opened the door.他开了门。
他开了门。
他开了门。
((主动句主动句) The door was opened.) The door was opened.) The door was opened.门被开了。
门被开了。
门被开了。
((被动句被动句) ) 二、被动语态的构成二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“被动语态由“be be be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。
不及物动词本身没有被动语态。
及物动词及物动词---------本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。
初中语法被动语态讲解
初中语法被动语态讲解被动语态定义:英语中有两重语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态中的主语是动作的执行者，被动语态中的主语是动作的承受者，即主动语态中的宾语。
所以只有及物动词才有被动语态。
规则:被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
第一，助动词be 要随着人称和数的变化而变化，第二，助动词be要随着时态的变化而变化。
一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2) was/were done 一般过去时例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.3) shall/will be done 一般将来时例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.4) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例A new cinema is being built here(5) was/were being done 过去进行时例A meeting was being held when I was there.6) should/would be done 过去将来时例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.7) has /have been done 现在完成时例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready tostart.8) had been done 过去完成时例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed inBeijing.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例The project will have been completed before July.2(被动语态句型变化肯定句主语+be+过去分词+(by …)否定句主语+be not+过去分词+(by …)一般疑问句 Be+主语+过去分词+(by …)?特殊疑问句疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+ (by …),3. 被动语态的特殊形式1) 带情态动词的被动结构。
李咏梅初中被动语态讲义
李咏梅初中被动语态讲义一、被动语态的概念和用法1.1 被动语态的定义被动语态是英语中的一种语法结构，用来表示主语是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者。
在被动语态中，谓语动词通常由be动词和过去分词构成。
1.2 被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中的使用非常广泛，它可以用来强调动作的承受者或者不知道动作的执行者是谁。
同时，被动语态还可以使句子更加客观，避免使用主动语态时的语义歧义。
二、被动语态的构成和变化2.1 被动语态的构成被动语态的构成需要使用be动词的不同形式加上过去分词。
be动词的形式根据时态和人称的不同而变化，而过去分词则是根据动词的不同形式来确定。
2.2 被动语态的变化被动语态的变化包括时态、人称和数的变化。
根据不同的语境，被动语态可以使用各种不同的时态，如一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时等。
同时，根据句子的主语是单数还是复数，被动语态的动词形式也会相应变化。
三、被动语态的使用技巧3.1 强调动作的承受者被动语态可以用来强调动作的承受者，使句子更加客观和中立。
通过使用被动语态，我们可以将注意力集中在动作的承受者身上，突出其重要性。
3.2 避免语义歧义有时候，使用主动语态可能会导致语义上的歧义，而使用被动语态可以避免这种情况的发生。
被动语态可以清晰地表达动作的执行者和承受者，避免造成误解。
3.3 提高表达的灵活性使用被动语态可以使句子的表达更加灵活多样。
在某些情况下，使用被动语态可以使句子更加委婉客观，避免使用主动语态时可能带来的冒犯或不适。
3.4 增加句子的变化性使用被动语态可以增加句子的变化性，使文章或对话更加生动有趣。
通过灵活运用被动语态，可以使句子的结构多样化，增加读者的阅读兴趣。
四、被动语态的注意事项4.1 动词的时态和语态一致在使用被动语态时，要注意动词的时态和语态的一致性。
主语是单数时，be动词和过去分词要使用单数形式；主语是复数时，be动词和过去分词要使用复数形式。
4.2 被动语态的主语省略当被动语态的主语是不重要或者不需要特别强调时，可以省略主语。
初中中考英语语法被动语态的讲解-专项练习及参考答案
被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系,主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
只有及物动词才能用于被动语态。
一．被动语态的时态：1.一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况:1, 当宾语是反身代词时The man introduced himself as Mr.Parker .2,当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时Does the pair of new shoes suit you?We will have a meeting .四．特殊情况的被动语态：1.带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
1).give/pass /show 与介词to 搭配。
give sb sth —— sb +be given sth 或sth +be given +to sb .2).buy/make/cook 与介词for 搭配。
buy sb sth —— sb +be bought + sth 或sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI ______ ______ a book by him.A book ____ ____ _____ me by him .My mother made me a cake .I ____ _____ a cake by my motherA cake ____ ____ ____ me by my mother .2.带省to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，主动语态to离去被动语态to回来。
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初中被动语态语法讲解(一)语态分类英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
如：They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动)A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be +及物动词的过去分词构成。
(二)被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。
以give为例，列表如下：大凡现在时：am / is / are + done大凡过去时：was / were + done大凡将来时：shall / will + be done大凡过去将来时：should / would + be done现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done过去进行时：was / were + being + done现在完成时：have / has + been + done过去完成时：had + been + done［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。
(三)多见的八种时态中的被动语态1.大凡现在时：(1)People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.(2)The school doesn“t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2.大凡过去时：(1)They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.(2)The students didn“t forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten3.大凡将来时：(1)They will send cars abroad by sea.Cars will be sent abroad by sea.(2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.4.过去将来时：(1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.(2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.The workers told me that the car would be mended as soon as possible.5.现在进行时：(1)The radio is broadcasting English lessons.English lessons are being broadcasted on the radio.(2) We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.6.过去进行时：(1)The workers were mending the road.The road was being mended.(2)This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.17.现在完成时：(1)Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.(2)He has brought his book here.His book has been brought here.8.过去完成时：(1)When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out the tickets.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.(2) The whole country was very sad at the news of his death; People had consideredhim to be a great leader.He had been considered to be a great leader(四）含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
(1)You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions must be handed in after class.(2)He can write a great many letters with the computer.A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.(五)被动语态的使用1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by短语。
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by短语。
These records were made by John Denver.The cup was broken by Paul.3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in+名词作状语，而代替by短语。
These cars were made in China.(六)主动语态变被动语态的方法（1）My aunt invitedmeto her dinner party.主语谓语宾语→Iwas invited(by my aunt ) to her dinner party.主语谓语宾语（2）The school set up a special class to help poor readers.→A special class to help poor readers was set up in the school.1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be +过去分词，时态要与原句保持一致。
3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，放在被动语态里谓语动词之后，by短语可以省略。
如果原句主语是地点名词，在被动语态中用in +地点名词作状语。
(七)语态转换时所注意的问题1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动词的数要与新主语保持一致。
We have bought a new computer.A new computer has been bought.(正确)A new computer have been bought.(错误)2.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，大凡变间接宾语为主语时比较多。
My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.I was given a present on my birthday.如果把直接宾语(指物)改为主语，则在间接宾语(指人)前加合适的介词，如上句还可以说：A present was given to me yesterday.2注意：1.大凡在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词to，如：bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。
(1) The book was showed to the class.(2) My bike was lent to her.2.大凡在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词for,如：build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play,sing等。
(1) A new skirt was made for me.(2) The meat was cooked for us.(3) Some country music was played for us.3.由动词+介词或副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。
这类动词有：不及物动词+介词，如: agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after,think of, talk about等。
The patient is being operated on.The problem is solved. It needn“t be talked about.及物动词+副词：如：bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out,pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, turn out 等。
His request was turned down.The sports meet will be put off because of the bad weather4.带复合宾语(宾语+宾补)的动词改为被动语态时，大凡把主动结构中的宾语改为主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面。