My Review of A Rose for Emily, 献给艾米丽的玫瑰英文读后感
英语原著 献给艾米莉的玫瑰(A Rose for Emily)
A Rose for EmilyBy William FaulknerIWHEN Miss Emily Grierson died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old man-servant--a combined gardener and cook--had seen in at least ten years.It was a big, squarish frame house that had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of the seventies, set on what had once been our most select street. But garages and cotton gins had encroached and obliterated even the august names of that neighborhood; only Miss Emily's house was left, lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay above the cotton wagons and the gasoline pumps-an eyesore among eyesores. And now Miss Emily had gone to join the representatives of those august names where they lay in the cedar-bemused cemetery among the ranked and anonymous graves of Union and Confederate soldiers who fell at the battle of Jefferson.Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town, dating from that day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris, the mayor--he who fathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron-remitted her taxes, the dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity. Not that Miss Emily would have accepted charity. Colonel Sartoris invented an involved tale to the effect that Miss Emily's father had loaned money to the town, which the town, as a matter of business, preferred this way of repaying. Only a man of Colonel Sartoris' generation and thought could have invented it, and only a woman could have believed it.When the next generation, with its more modern ideas, became mayors and aldermen, this arrangement created some little dissatisfaction. On the first of the year they mailed her a tax notice. February came, and there was no reply. They wrote her a formal letter, asking her to call at the sheriff's office at her convenience. A week later the mayor wrote her himself, offering to call or to send his car for her, and received in reply a note on paper of an archaic shape, in a thin, flowing calligraphy in faded ink, to the effect that she no longer went out at all. The tax notice was also enclosed, without comment.They called a special meeting of the Board of Aldermen. A deputation waited upon her, knocked at the door through which no visitor had passed since she ceased giving china-painting lessons eight or ten years earlier. They were admitted by the oldNegro into a dim hall from which a stairway mounted into still more shadow. It smelled of dust and disuse--a close, dank smell. The Negro led them into the parlor. It was furnished in heavy, leather-covered furniture. When the Negro opened the blinds of one window, they could see that the leather was cracked; and when they sat down, a faint dust rose sluggishly about their thighs, spinning with slow motes in the single sun-ray. On a tarnished gilt easel before the fireplace stood a crayon portrait of Miss Emily's father.They rose when she entered--a small, fat woman in black, with a thin gold chain descending to her waist and vanishing into her belt, leaning on an ebony cane with a tarnished gold head. Her skeleton was small and spare; perhaps that was why what would have been merely plumpness in another was obesity in her. She looked bloated, like a body long submerged in motionless water, and of that pallid hue. Her eyes, lost in the fatty ridges of her face, looked like two small pieces of coal pressed into a lump of dough as they moved from one face to another while the visitors stated their errand.She did not ask them to sit. She just stood in the door and listened quietly until the spokesman came to a stumbling halt. Then they could hear the invisible watch ticking at the end of the gold chain.Her voice was dry and cold. "I have no taxes in Jefferson. Colonel Sartoris explained it to me. Perhaps one of you can gain access to the city records an d satisfy yourselves.""But we have. We are the city authorities, Miss Emily. Didn't you get a notice from the sheriff, signed by him?""I received a paper, yes," Miss Emily said. "Perhaps he considers himself the sheriff . . . I have no taxes in Jefferson.""But there is nothing on the books to show that, you see We must go by the--""See Colonel Sartoris. I have no taxes in Jefferson.""But, Miss Emily--""See Colonel Sartoris." (Colonel Sartoris had been dead almost ten years.) "I have no taxes in Jefferson. Tobe!" The Negro appeared. "Show these gentlemen out."IISo SHE vanquished them, horse and foot, just as she had vanquished their fathers thirty years before about the smell.That was two years after her father's death and a short time after her sweetheart--the one we believed would marry her --had deserted her. After her father's death she went out very little; after her sweetheart went away, people hardly saw her at all. A few of the ladies had the temerity to call, but were not received, and the only sign of life about the place was the Negro man--a young man then--going in and out with a market basket."Just as if a man--any man--could keep a kitchen properly, "the ladies said; so they were not surprised when the smell developed. It was another link between the gross, teeming world and the high and mighty Griersons.A neighbor, a woman, complained to the mayor, Judge Stevens, eighty years old."But what will you have me do about it, madam?" he said."Why, send her word to stop it," the woman said. "Isn't there a law? ""I'm sure that won't be necessary," Judge Stevens said. "It's probably just a snake or a rat that nigger of hers killed in the yard. I'll speak to him about it."The next day he received two more complaints, one from a man who came in diffident deprecation. "We really must do something about it, Judge. I'd be the last one in the world to bother Miss Emily, but we've got to do something." That night the Board of Aldermen met--three graybeards and one younger man, a member of the rising generation."It's simple enough," he said. "Send her word to have her place cleaned up. Give her a certain time to do it in, and if she don't. ..""Dammit, sir," Judge Stevens said, "will you accuse a lady to her face of smelling bad?"So the next night, after midnight, four men crossed Miss Emily's lawn and slunk about the house like burglars, sniffing along the base of the brickwork and at the cellar openings while one of them performed a regular sowing motion with his hand out of a sack slung from his shoulder. They broke open the cellar door and sprinkled lime there, and in all the outbuildings. As they recrossed the lawn, a window that had been dark was lighted and Miss Emily sat in it, the light behind her, and her upright torso motionless as that of an idol. They crept quietly across the lawn and into the shadow of the locusts that lined the street. After a week or two the smell went away.That was when people had begun to feel really sorry for her. People in our town, remembering how old lady Wyatt, her great-aunt, had gone completely crazy at last, believed that the Griersons held themselves a little too high for what they really were. None of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emily and such. We had long thought of them as a tableau, Miss Emily a slender figure in white in the background, her father a spraddled silhouette in the foreground, his back to her and clutching a horsewhip, the two of them framed by the back-flung front door. So when she got to be thirty and was still single, we were not pleased exactly, but vindicated; even with insanity in the family she wouldn't have turned down all of her chances if they had really materialized.When her father died, it got about that the house was all that was left to her; and in a way, people were glad. At last they could pity Miss Emily. Being left alone, and a pauper, she had become humanized. Now she too would know the old thrill and the old despair of a penny more or less.The day after his death all the ladies prepared to call at the house and offercondolence and aid, as is our custom Miss Emily met them at the door, dressed as usual and with no trace of grief on her face. She told them that her father was not dead. She did that for three days, with the ministers calling on her, and the doctors, trying to persuade her to let them dispose of the body. Just as they were about to resort to law and force, she broke down, and they buried her father quickly.We did not say she was crazy then. We believed she had to do that. We remembered all the young men her father had driven away, and we knew that with nothing left, she would have to cling to that which had robbed her, as people will.IIISHE WAS SICK for a long time. When we saw her again, her hair was cut short, making her look like a girl, with a vague resemblance to those angels in colored church windows--sort of tragic and serene.The town had just let the contracts for paving the sidewalks, and in the summer after her father's death they began the work. The construction company came with riggers and mules and machinery, and a foreman named Homer Barron, a Yankee--a big, dark, ready man, with a big voice and eyes lighter than his face. The little boys would follow in groups to hear him cuss the riggers, and the riggers singing in time to the rise and fall of picks. Pretty soon he knew everybody in town. Whenever you heard a lot of laughing anywhere about the square, Homer Barron would be in the center of the group. Presently we began to see him and Miss Emily on Sunday afternoons driving in the yellow-wheeled buggy and the matched team of bays from the livery stable.At first we were glad that Miss Emily would have an interest, because the ladies all said, "Of course a Grierson would not think seriously of a Northerner, a day laborer." But there were still others, older people, who said that even grief could not cause a real lady to forget noblesse oblige- -without calling it noblesse oblige. They just said, "Poor Emily. Her kinsfolk should come to her." She had some kin in Alabama; but years ago her father had fallen out with them over the estate of old lady Wyatt, the crazy woman, and there was no communication between the two families. They had not even been represented at the funeral.And as soon as the old people said, "Poor Emily," the whispering began. "Do you suppose it's really so?" they said to one another. "Of course it is. What else could . . ." This behind their hands; rustling of craned silk and satin behind jalousies closed upon the sun of Sunday afternoon as the thin, swift clop-clop-clop of the matched team passed: "Poor Emily."She carried her head high enough--even when we believed that she was fallen. It was as if she demanded more than ever the recognition of her dignity as the lastGrierson; as if it had wanted that touch of earthiness to reaffirm her imperviousness. Like when she bought the rat poison, the arsenic. That was over a year after they had begun to say "Poor Emily," and while the two female cousins were visiting her."I want some poison," she said to the druggist. She was over thirty then, still a slight woman, though thinner than usual, with cold, haughty black eyes in a face the flesh of which was strained across the temples and about the eyesockets as you imagine a lighthouse-keeper's face ought to look. "I want some poison," she said."Yes, Miss Emily. What kind? For rats and such? I'd recom--""I want the best you have. I don't care what kind."The druggist named several. "They'll kill anything up to an elephant. But what you want is--""Arsenic," Miss Emily said. "Is that a good one?""Is . . . arsenic? Yes, ma'am. But what you want--""I want arsenic."The druggist looked down at her. She looked back at him, erect, her face like a strained flag. "Why, of course," the druggist said. "If that's what you want. But the law requires you to tell what you are going to use it for."Miss Emily just stared at him, her head tilted back in order to look him eye for eye, until he looked away and went and got the arsenic and wrapped it up. The Negro delivery boy brought her the package; the druggist didn't come back. When she opened the package at home there was written on the box, under the skull and bones: "For rats."IVSo THE NEXT day we all said, "She will kill herself"; and we said it would be the best thing. When she had first begun to be seen with Homer Barron, we had said, "She will marry him." Then we said, "She will persuade him yet," because Homer himself had remarked--he liked men, and it was known that he drank with the younger men in the Elks' Club--that he was not a marrying man. Later we said, "Poor Emily" behind the jalousies as they passed on Sunday afternoon in the glittering buggy, Miss Emily with her head high and Homer Barron with his hat cocked and a cigar in his teeth, reins and whip in a yellow glove.Then some of the ladies began to say that it was a disgrace to the town and a bad example to the young people. The men did not want to interfere, but at last the ladies forced the Baptist minister--Miss Emily's people were Episcopal-- to call upon her. He would never divulge what happened during that interview, but he refused to go back again. The next Sunday they again drove about the streets, and the following day the minister's wife wrote to Miss Emily's relations in Alabama.So she had blood-kin under her roof again and we sat back to watch developments.At first nothing happened. Then we were sure that they were to be married. We learned that Miss Emily had been to the jeweler's and ordered a man's toilet set in silver, with the letters H. B. on each piece. Two days later we learned that she had bought a complete outfit of men's clothing, including a nightshirt, and we said, "They are married." We were really glad. We were glad because the two female cousins were even more Grierson than Miss Emily had ever been.So we were not surprised when Homer Barron--the streets had been finished some time since--was gone. We were a little disappointed that there was not a public blowing-off, but we believed that he had gone on to prepare for Miss Emily's coming, or to give her a chance to get rid of the cousins. (By that time it was a cabal, and we were all Miss Emily's allies to help circumvent the cousins.) Sure enough, after another week they departed. And, as we had expected all along, within three days Homer Barron was back in town. A neighbor saw the Negro man admit him at the kitchen door at dusk one evening.And that was the last we saw of Homer Barron. And of Miss Emily for some time. The Negro man went in and out with the market basket, but the front door remained closed. Now and then we would see her at a window for a moment, as the men did that night when they sprinkled the lime, but for almost six months she did not appear on the streets. Then we knew that this was to be expected too; as if that quality of her father which had thwarted her woman's life so many times had been too virulent and too furious to die.When we next saw Miss Emily, she had grown fat and her hair was turning gray. During the next few years it grew grayer and grayer until it attained an even pepper-and-salt iron-gray, when it ceased turning. Up to the day of her death at seventy-four it was still that vigorous iron-gray, like the hair of an active man.From that time on her front door remained closed, save for a period of six or seven years, when she was about forty, during which she gave lessons in china-painting. She fitted up a studio in one of the downstairs rooms, where the daughters and granddaughters of Colonel Sartoris' contemporaries were sent to her with the same regularity and in the same spirit that they were sent to church on Sundays with a twenty-five-cent piece for the collection plate. Meanwhile her taxes had been remitted.Then the newer generation became the backbone and the spirit of the town, and the painting pupils grew up and fell away and did not send their children to her with boxes of color and tedious brushes and pictures cut from the ladies' magazines. The front door closed upon the last one and remained closed for good. When the town got free postal delivery, Miss Emily alone refused to let them fasten the metal numbers above her door and attach a mailbox to it. She would not listen to them.Daily, monthly, yearly we watched the Negro grow grayer and more stooped, going in and out with the market basket. Each December we sent her a tax notice, which would be returned by the post office a week later, unclaimed. Now and then wewould see her in one of the downstairs windows--she had evidently shut up the top floor of the house--like the carven torso of an idol in a niche, looking or not looking at us, we could never tell which. Thus she passed from generation to generation--dear, inescapable, impervious, tranquil, and perverse.And so she died. Fell ill in the house filled with dust and shadows, with only a doddering Negro man to wait on her. We did not even know she was sick; we had long since given up trying to get any information from the NegroHe talked to no one, probably not even to her, for his voice had grown harsh and rusty, as if from disuse.She died in one of the downstairs rooms, in a heavy walnut bed with a curtain, her gray head propped on a pillow yellow and moldy with age and lack of sunlight.VTHE NEGRO met the first of the ladies at the front door and let them in, with their hushed, sibilant voices and their quick, curious glances, and then he disappeared. He walked right through the house and out the back and was not seen again.The two female cousins came at once. They held the funeral on the second day, with the town coming to look at Miss Emily beneath a mass of bought flowers, with the crayon face of her father musing profoundly above the bier and the ladies sibilant and macabre; and the very old men --some in their brushed Confederate uniforms--on the porch and the lawn, talking of Miss Emily as if she had been a contemporary of theirs, believing that they had danced with her and courted her perhaps, confusing time with its mathematical progression, as the old do, to whom all the past is not a diminishing road but, instead, a huge meadow which no winter ever quite touches, divided from them now by the narrow bottle-neck of the most recent decade of years.Already we knew that there was one room in that region above stairs which no one had seen in forty years, and which would have to be forced. They waited until Miss Emily was decently in the ground before they opened it.The violence of breaking down the door seemed to fill this room with pervading dust. A thin, acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywhere upon this room decked and furnished as for a bridal: upon the valance curtains of faded rose color, upon the rose-shaded lights, upon the dressing table, upon the delicate array of crystal and the man's toilet things backed with tarnished silver, silver so tarnished that the monogra m was obscured. Among them lay a collar and tie, as if they had just been removed, which, lifted, left upon the surface a pale crescent in the dust. Upon a chair hung the suit, carefully folded; beneath it the two mute shoes and the discarded socks.The man himself lay in the bed.For a long while we just stood there, looking down at the profound and fleshless grin. The body had apparently once lain in the attitude of an embrace, but now the longsleep that outlasts love, that conquers even the grimace of love, had cuckolded him. What was left of him, rotted beneath what was left of the nightshirt, had become inextricable from the bed in which he lay; and upon him and upon the pillow beside him lay that even coating of the patient and biding dust.Then we noticed that in the second pillow was the indentation of a head. One of us lifted something from it, and leaning forward, that faint and invisible dust dry and acrid in the nostrils, we saw a long strand of iron-gray hair.。
The Analysis of Emily’s Tragedy in A Rose for Emily
The Analysis of Emily’s Tragedy in A Rose for Emily作者：ZHANG Huitong来源：《校园英语》 2018年第52期文/ZHANG Huitong【摘要】威廉·福克纳被誉为美国二十世纪最伟大的小说家之一，其著名短篇小说《献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰》，自1930年发表以来，受到了广泛关注。
小说以美国战后南方社会变迁为背景，讲述了贵族后裔爱米丽小姐充满悲剧的一生。
学者们从不同的角度对该小说进行解读，并提出各自独特的观点。
本文以对该小说谨慎忠实的理解为依据，旨在探讨造成爱米丽人生悲剧的内在原因和外部因素,如：爱米丽自身的性格特点，爱米丽所处的家庭背景和社会环境等。
【关键词】《献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰》；威廉·福克纳；悲剧；原因【Abstract】William Faulkner is now regarded as the greatest American novelist of the twentieth century. A Rose for Emily, the well known short story by him, enjoys global popularity ever since its birth in 1930. Based on the background of the social changes of South America, the novel tells a tragic story of an aristocratic descendant Miss Emily in a small southern town called Jefferson. Scholars analyzed the story from different aspects and put forward their unique ideas. Based on a cautious truthful interpretation of the novel, this paper attempts to discuss the underlying reason and the external causes for Emily’s tragedy from three aspects─Emily’s personality, her family background and the social environment.【Key words】A Rose for Emily; William Faulkner; tragedy; reason【作者简介】ZHANG Huitong, Qingdao West Coast New District Jiaonan first senior high school, the student of Class 12 and Grade 2016.1. IntroductionA Rose for Emily is a book first regarded as a horror novel, but finally people found it tells much more than a horror story. As a great literature work, it has been studied by scholars from many different aspects.In this paper, the author analyzed Emily’s tragic fate in the special period of America and further studied the reas ons for Emily’s tragedy. There are three parts in this paper. The first part starts with a general introduction of the author and story. The second part tells the background of the story, the social and family background. The third part is analysis of the reasons for Emily’s tragedy from both inner and outside aspects. Finally, there will be a conclusion of the paper.2. A Brief Introduction of William Faulkner and A Rose for Emily2.1. A Brief Introduction of the AuthorAs a writer of the 20th century, William Faulkner (1897-1962) is noted for Yoknapatawpha stories in which the fictional Yoknapatawpha County is the setting. The county represents the Old South. Since he received the 1950 Nobel Prize for Literature, William Faulkner earned worldwide reputation and influence.William Faulkner spent most of his life in Oxford, where influenced him greatly. Therefore, most of his works described people’s life in the South. Oxford with some fictional modification was a prototype of Jefferson, the setting of A Rose for Emily.2.2. A Brief Introduction of the StoryA Rose for Emily is one of William Faulkner’s most famous short stories. As a descendant of the noble Grierson family, Emily Grierson is the central character of the short story. Dominated by her father who insisted on the rigid ideas of social status, Emily Grierson was prevented from marrying fellows in the town during his lifetime, which lead to her loneness and poverty after father’s death. Later, she fell in love with a Yankee, Homer Barron, who was disregarded by the whole town. Emily arrogantly defied her kin and the community by insisting on marrying Homer. Unfortunately, she found he had no intention to marry her. Desperately, Emilykilled him and then isolated herself from society for more than 40 years. Emilylived lonely in her house and slept with Homer’s body until her death.3. The Background of the Story3.1. The Social BackgroundThe story took place in a southern town named Jefferson after American Civil War. It is a period when the south was experiencing a giant revolution. With the north industries developing in the south, the north ideology hit the southtraditional customs and moral seriously. Therefore, southern people lived in the contradictions between accepting new ideas and missing the traditional life. Sothey had to search for a symbol of tradition in remembrance of the past. Unfortunately, Emily was right the succedaneum, symbol and monument of a bygone era in the eyes of older generation.3.2. The Southern Family BackgroundIn the southern America, the notion of family is based on the plantation economy and agricultural culture. In such a society and economic structure, the father, an owner of the plantation, controls his “small kingdom” like a king. Moreover Puritanism spreads in the south and strongly upholds the supreme power of the father in a family. The father not only controls his children’s thought but also their destiny. Emily was just lived in such a family.4. The Reasons of Emily’s TragedyThe tragedy of Emily is not incidental; instead, it’s inevitable with reasons. In this paper, the author analyzed these reasons from the internal reasons, such asEmily’s own personality, and the external reasons, which includes the influence of Emily’s f ather, the traditional southern culture as well as the conflicts between two different ideologies.4.1. The Inner Reason of Emily’s TragedyThe Personality of Emily. Emily’s tragedy can be described as the tragedy of her character to a large extent. She was same stubborn and violent as her father. Her ruthless desire to control others finally overcomes her sense and reason. The pressure of outside world and betrayal of lover push Emily to make the most desperate choice, she kept her lover forever by killing. Since then, she enclosed herself in her imagined kingdom and refused to accept the passing of time. “When the town got free postal delivery, Miss Emily alone refused to let them fasten the metal numbers above her door and attach a mailbox to it.”Emily broke the traditional female model of humility, tolerance, gentle and selflessness. She was so proud, aloof with great stubborn character. She fought against people in the town tirelessly, made bold resistance to protect her right to pursue f reedom and dignity as a person. All these revealed her characteristic ─ a rose with thorns.However, she cannot totally get rid of the shadow of traditional female virtues and social moral concept. She struggled but a small compromise make her plungedinto the abyss of tragedy.4.2. The Outside Reasons of Emily’s Tragedy4.2.1. The Tyranny of Emily’s FatherEmily Grierson was born in a decayed aristocratic family. She was dominated by father who was a representative of aristocrats’ old values and traditionalsouthern culture：” none of the young men were quite good enough for Miss Emilyand such. “Her fath er drived away all young men from Emily, thus Emily was still single when she was thirty. Emily lost the chance to live a normal life of a woman ─ to love, to be loved, to marry and the value embodied through marriage. It’sher father who deprives Emily of her youth, love and happiness.4.2.2. The Influence of Traditional Southern CultureIn the Bible, women are depicted to be subordinate to men and the resource ofall sins. In the South, people believe in Christianity, so they regard women as the incarnation of sin.Emily was the victims of the traditional southern culture. After father’s death, Emily thought she might break the shackles of the traditional social values. She cut the hair, longing for love, husband and a family like a common woman. However, the town people never took her as a person of flesh and blood with human feelings. As Grierson family stands for the old southern traditional manor system, people in Jefferson feel obliged to make her a monument of the old southern culture.When “Homer Barron, a Yankee”, came to Jefferson, into the emotional world of Emily, her emotion broke out like volcanic eruption after long-term spiritual oppression. Miss Emily, a Grierson, fell in love with” a Northerner, a day laborer”. It was int olerable for Jefferson people and violated the conduction code on treating the Northerners. Jefferson people attacked them with vicious slander. They forced pastor of Baptist church to persuade Emily, let Emily’s conservative cousins to save her. Until Homer Barron disappeared, did the town people settled down and lived the past quiet life.4.2.3. The Conflict Between two Social IdeologiesThe sharp conflict between the two different types of social ideologies ─ capitalism and slavery is another r eason of Emily’s tragedy.The foreman, Homer Barron, is a typical character who carried the kind of Bourgeois moral values. He sought for private interest and lack moral disciplines; he indulged in wine and women but refused to bear any moral responsibilities. He dated Miss Emily overtly but not meant to marry her. His moral values conflicted with that of Emily, a representative of the old moral values. They could not be together; yet, unfortunately, she fell in love with him. She could not endure his behavior, the conflict between them developed to climax. The only way to solve the conflict was violence — to kill him. It is the result of conflicts, to be more exact, the result of moral confusion.5. ConclusionGiven the above analysis, we can arrive at the point that Emily’s tragedy is not only because of her own imperfect character and thought, but because of her family background, criticizes of townspeople, betrayal of her lover and so on. Emily’s tragedy was not only the tragedy of herself, but the tragedy of all the southern women. This novel strongly condemned non-human moral codes, conventions and social values which bring destruction to human nature.To conclude, A Rose for Emily is monumental work of endless literary value. It depicted the society at the Civil War time, the traditional southern culture, the developing northern industrial culture, the conflict between them, which has great influence on the real and spiritual world of people at that time. This paper just makes a brief review on the novel from Emily personal aspect to make the readers have a better understanding of her tragedy.References：[1]Faulkner,W.A Rose for Emily[M].Beijing:Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press,1990.[2]陈华.福克纳的爱米丽[J].四川:四川师范大学学报(社会科学版),2005,32,3:90-93.[3]刘爱英.从淑女到魔鬼——试从社会学批评角度看《纪念爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》的悲剧意义[J].四川外语学院学报,1998,2:33-46.[4]吴伟仁.美国文学史及其选读[M].北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 1990.。
A rose for Emily中译本赏析,以杨岂深的译本为例
“A Rose for Emily”中译本赏析——以杨岂深的译本为例摘要：A Rose for Emily 《献给埃米莉的玫瑰》讲述了美国南北战争后南方小镇-----杰弗逊镇上没落的格尔森贵族家庭中埃米莉的悲剧故事。
作者威廉·卡斯伯特·福克纳（William Cuthbert Faulkner）为美国文学史上最具影响力的作家之一，美国“南方文艺复兴”时期成就最显著的南方作家和现代主义作家。
以杨岂深先生的译本为例，对小说分别从忠实的标准，形似与神似的矛盾，主人公对话语言的描写三个方面进行翻译研究，有益于提高读者的文学素养，提升文学翻译实践能力。
关键词：埃米莉；译本；忠实；形似与神似；对话Abstract: A Rose for Emily tells the tragic story of Emily Grierson, the daughter of a noble declining family, which happened in a small southern American town-----Jefferson after American Civil War. The author, William Cuthbert Faulkner, is one of the most influential writers in the American literary history, the most significant Southern writer and modernism writer in the American "Northern Renaissance" period. This paper is based on the version of translator Yang Qishen. Mainly discusses the translation study from three aspects—— faithful standard, the contradictions between appearance and soul , description of the heroine's conversation, which will be helpful for the improvement of readers 'literary accomplishment, and contributes to the well study of literary translation.Key words:Emily; version; faithfulness; contradictions between appearance and soul; conversation前言A Rose for Emily《献给埃米莉的玫瑰》为南方文学鼻祖威廉•福克纳（William Faukner）所创作的著名短篇小说，1930年4月发表时被誉为最负盛名的小说。
My Review of A Rose for Emily, 献给艾米丽的玫瑰英文读后感
My Review of “A Rose for Emily”--By Cave dweller William Faulkner's "A Rose for Emily" is a short story which mainly describes a faded southern aristocrat, Emily Grierson's tragic life. An unnamed narrator vividly tells six impressive anecdotes to present Emily's life with an intelligent use of flashbacks. But after reading the story, we can divide it into six parts according the chronological order.The first part is the death of Emily's father. When her father died, the house is all that is left to her. This part reveals that to a certain extent, her father who has driven away all the young men should be responsible for her tragedy.The second part is Emily's miserable relationship. She falls in love with a foreman named Homer Barron, a dark, ready man, who has no interest in marriage. Then people are told that the man deserts her.The third is "the smell". After her father's death and heart-broken love, she only has a manservant. So her house smells bad. The people in town complain about it. In the end, they solve it by sprinkling lime around her house.The fourth part is Emily's teaching life. She gives lessons in china-painting several years and then closes her front forever.The fifth is the confrontation between Emily and the deputation. The young generation is dissatisfied with the edict of remitting her taxes. They send a deputation to negotiate this problem. But they failed. She vanquished them.The sixth part is Emily's funeral and the discovery of the dead man in her house. After the funeral, people decide to open the room which no one has seen in forty years. Then, they find a dead man in bed.The setting of the story is the declining of the southern aristocrats in America.The novel has been regarded as a Gothic horror tale, a study in abnormal psychology as well as an allegory of the relations between North and South. The novel's name is "A Rose for Emily", it tells little about rose, but much about the tragic heroine, Emily. Therefore,the rose represents Emily, which actually is an elegy sighting the lost prosperity of the South aristocracy. So the memory of the South aristocrats' glory is prominent in southern people's minds, which causes various conflicts and contractions in their psyche. Apparently, Emily is one of these people who think all the past is not a diminishing road but a huge meadow. Emily does not in her time but in the lost glory of South aristocracy. Her eccentric and wired behaviors are the surface of her psychological world which fills with conflicts and complexity. Her own unhealthy psychological world can be considered as a cause of her tragic life. The incorrect family education has caused her tragedy. Her father's archaic thoughts have passive influence on her life. Her father drives away all the young men. Her father interferes in her life too much.。
Study on the Gothic Complex in A Rose for Emily论《献给艾米丽的玫瑰花》中的哥特式情结
论《献给艾米丽的一支玫瑰花》中的哥特式情结摘要美国作家威廉.福克纳的作品《献给艾米丽的玫瑰花》被视为美国南方哥特式小说的杰作。
这部小说讲述了爱米丽小姐悲惨的一生，充满悬疑，耐人寻味。
这篇论文主要从几个角度讨论了《献给艾米丽的玫瑰花》的哥特式风格。
这篇论文分为四部分，第一部分，对威廉.福克纳和他的短篇小说《献给艾米莉的玫瑰花》作了简要的介绍，并且指出了这篇论文的目的和意义。
第二部分主要介绍了哥特式文学的来源和哥特式特点在文学上的体现。
第三部分,也是这篇论文最重要部分，通过分析环境描写，主题，叙述方式还有人物描写来体现《献给艾米丽的玫瑰花》中的哥特式特点或风格。
最后部分对这篇论文作了总结，它所得出的结论是《献给艾米丽的玫瑰花》很多方面体现了哥特式特点，并且因为它的哥特式特点作者才成功地表达了他所想表达的主题。
关键词：哥特情结；环境描写；主题；叙述方式；人物Study on the Gothic Complex in A Rose for EmilyAbstractA Rose for Emily written by American writer William Faulkner is regarded as the representative work of southern gothic fiction of America. The story writes Miss Emily’s tragic life and it’s full of su spense and intensely interesting.This paper discusses the Gothic characteristics of A Rose for Emily on several angles, and it is divided into four parts.In the first part, it introduces the William Faulknerand his A Rose for Emily briefly and points out the aim and the significance of the study.In the second part it introduces the gothic characteristics in literature. In the third part which is the most important part,it points out that the author uses gothic characteristics from four aspects of the description of environment, the theme, the narrative way, and the character.In the last part, it concludes that the author combines gothic characteristics with the realistic content successfully and expresses his complicated feeling precisely because of using gothic characteristics.Key words:gothic complex;environment description; theme; narrative way; characterContentsAbstract (i)内容摘要............................................................................................................................. i i 1. Introduction . (1)1.1 A brief introduction of William Faulkner and his A Rose for Emily (1)1.2 Introduction of the Gothic Characteristics in Literature (2)2.Literature Review (3)3.TheGothicCharacteristicsin ARoseforEmily (4)3.1 The gothic characteristics in the description of environment (4)3.2 The gothic characteristics in the theme of A Rose for Emily (5)3.3 The gothic characteristics in the narrative way of A Rose for Emily (7)3.4 The gothic characteristics in the character (8)4.Conclusion (10)Bibliography (13)Study on the Gothic Complex inA Rose for Emily1. Introduction1.1 A brief introduction of William Faulkner and his A Rose for EmilyWilliam Faulkner is one of the most distinguish writer in American literature.He was born and lived in the South, which influenced him greatly, therefore, most of his works described the people and their lives in the South. As the appearance of Faulkner, the South appeared the literary glories of “the South Renaissance”, which ever was called “the literary desert."(Yu Jianhua, The Second Prosperous of American Literature, 460).He invented a county and a town in his imagination, and he wrote about the society in the South by inventing families which represented different social forces: the old, decaying upper class; the rising, ambitious, unscrupulous class of “poor whites”; a nd the Negroes who labored for both of them.His major works included Sartoris, The Unvanquished, The Sound and the Fury, As I Lay Dying, The Town and A Rose for Emily (Laurence B.Holland, The Norton Anthology of American Literary ,534-537).Published in 1930, A Rose for Emily was one of the best known and the most widely read novel among William Faulkner’s short stories. The story took place in a mythical town that William Faulkner called Jefferson, Mississippi. The story happened at the period of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries when the town was learning to live with South’s loss in the Civil War and the consequent dismantling of the slavery-based society that had preceded it. Because of the loss in the Civil War, people in the south led a poor life. Especially the white people, their life suddenly become poor because most of the slaves went to the north to work for the northern industry，so the white people couldn’t get accustomed to thelife changein a short time, but they still pretended to be noble and kept their family’s dignity(Howard Clin cotton, American History, 30).The story described a white woman, Emily’s tragic life under the South’s loss in the Civil War.Emily’s life was strongly dominated by her father, and she had no right to date with males and choose her lover. After her father’s death, she could only date with a northern worker. But to her disappointment, the worker refused to marry her, and therefusal drove her to kill him by using poison, and she let his body company her. After Emily’s death, the town people discovered a skeleton in the house, and found out that the poor Emily was a murder, and people were shocked by the discovery.Thematically, this short story is not as simple as it seems. The conflicts in the story can be interpreted on different levels. On the superficial level,it was a murder story with gothic characteristics. It described an eccentric woman who lived in her old decaying mysterious house that other people had not visited for decades,and, of course, a dead body in the house finally was discovered after so many years. Onanother level, the story can be read as a conflict between the South and the North with Emily representing the declining South and Homer Barron representing the North. On a deeper level, the story explores the inner world of a human being, or the inner struggle in the human heart.1.2Introduction of the Gothic Characteristics in LiteratureThe word “Goth” came from the name of a Germanic tribe. The gothic people were famous for their brutal and uncivilized features. They ever lived in north Europe, then invaded in Rome Empire fromthe third AD century to the fifth AD century, and set many kingdoms in Italy, Spain, south part of France and North Africa. A thousand years later, after the Rome Empire died out, Italian Vasari (1511--1574) used the "Goth" for the first time to refer to an architectural style in middle age, which was "tall sharp pointed, vaulted roof or tower ,narrow windows, colorful glass, darkness houses, gloomy ladders."(Xiao Minghan,Criticism of Foreign Literature,9) The gothic architecture was originated in France in 11th century, and it was popular in Europe from 13th century to 15th century. This kind of architecture style mostly is seen in the church, and also in common architecture. The gothic architecture has a high status in the history of architecture because of its excellent skill and its achievement in the field of art. The gothic characteristics not only appear in architecture, but also appear in many fields such as literature, movie, music and clothing.The so-called “Gothic Revival" appeared in aspects of architecture and literature during eighteenth century to nineteenth century, which was the gloomy and depressed tone in middle age. Meanwhile, some literary works enjoyed the same tone with "Gothic fiction" in the time. Take Horace Walpole for example, his "The Castle of Otranto" set an example for early classic gothic fiction. The birth of "Gothic fiction” was not only r elatedwith the "Gothic feeling" of the cemetery poetry of England, but related with the "Gothic characteristics"，the aesthetic standard of Edmund Burke (1729-1797) as well.The gothic characteristics in literature are that the story mostly takes place in a distant ages and desolate places, the characters are locked or imprisoned in narrow spaces or in a mysterious gothic building and suspense often mingles with love. There are some usual ways of suspense, such as mysterious inheritance, secret antecedents, lost will, the secret of family, ancestral curse and so on. And at the end of the story, the mystery or the suspense is solved, the evildoer is discovered and the impediment of the love between the hero and the heroine is brushed aside. Compared with romantic fiction, the gothic fiction mostly describes adventurous story and the impediment of love mostly is caused by the evildoer, while the romantic fiction mostly describes the family’s triviality, and the impediment of the love in the romantic fiction between characters is caused by them. The theme of the gothic story mostly reveals through death, murder, violence and horrible scene. In a short, the novels with the gothic characteristics reveal a mysterious, horrible, depressed and gloomy atmosphere. Since the 18th century, the gothic characteristics had been used in the literary works popularly, and there are many famous novels with the gothic characteristics, such as Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights，Notre Dame de Paris,A Rose for Emily and so on. A Rose for Emily isespecially the most representative work of gothic fiction.2.Literature ReviewAfter I look up in CNKI, China Journal Net, VIP information and other journals I have found two academic journals that are consistent with my thesis.I foundthree similar papers ,they are Zhang Qi, Zhangxuezhu. A Rose for Emily on the Gothic Features 【M】. Leshan Teachers College, 2003,11, Huang Fu Yan, 2011, rose ashes, love into a poem - on the Gothic features of Emily Rose, "we"and Yuhuan Huan, 2009.8 William Faulkner dedicated to Amy • Gothic Rose Li in the complex "Jiannan Literature ",and their main view is that "A Rose for Emily"is an outstanding 20th century American novelist William Faulkner's short stories. A striking feature of this novel is the use of Gothic Marxism.This article will focus on the Gothic complex in"A Rose for Emily" in orderto help readers better understand this masterpiece.In "A Rose for Emily", Faulkner uses thegothicliteraryartisticexpression,makingtheir characterization, description of environment, atmosphere, setting and plot are all rendered with rich Gothic colors, through the description of Ai Millie's life tragedy to expose the dark side of Southern society, accused the South Puritan tradition and patriarchal society the persecution of women.3. The Gothic Characteristics in A Rose for EmilySavoy Eric(1970) mentioned:“it’s very contradictory that a kind of literature, which is twined by the immortal history and attracted by queer grief, came into being in the country which believes in freedom and pursues the happiness of individual.”H e said ironically the existence of gothic characteristics in American literature. Although the society advocated pursuing happiness and freedom, the unfairness and ugliness still existed and then the gothic literature appeared. Faulkner, the author of this novel lived in a special environment which was full of depressing and gloomy atmosphere due to the South’s loss in the Civil War.“Therefore, his habit, thinking way and life attitude closely related with thi s unfortunate field.”(Jay Parinier,The Norton Anthology of American Literary, 633). He had complicated feeling for his hometown’s loss in the Civil War. On one hand, he complained about the poor or miserable life caused by the war, and had a little hatred for the North. On the other hand, he praised the improvement of human being caused by the war, because the war opened the door of eliminating slavery system, so he only could express his complicated feeling for the South’s loss precisely by using gothic characteristics in his literature. In A Rose for Emily, he used gothic characteristic in many aspect such as scene or the description of Emily’s house, theme, narrative way, character.3.1The gothic characteristics in the description of environmentThe gothic story usually takes place in isolated placeswhere people seldom visit, such as a hidden castle in the jungle, a farmstead, and old dilapidated house and so on. The author attached much importance to the description of the scene and playing up the mysterious and horrible atmosphere. Baron Armond(1972)said:“the word “mystery”connects with the gothic characteristics naturally.”Emily's house embodies gothic characteristics.Emily's house was a special style building made of wood. When her parents were alive, the house was noble style, which "had once been white, decorated with cupolas and spires and scrolled balconies in the heavily lightsome style of theSeventies."(WilliamFaulkner,A Rose for Emily). As the timepassed,however, the house still kept its outdated style and "lifting its stubborn and coquettish decay."(William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily).We could feel an incompatible atmosphere with the age.And the description of the house also revealedEmily’s character that she rejected the modernized or changed world stubbornly.Several years later, the deputation had a chance to go into Emily's house for the first time. They went into “a dim hall from which a s tairway mounted into still more shadow." (William Faulkner,A Rose for Emily).Moreover, there was "a dust and disuse--a close, dank smell"(William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily).in the air. The parlor was "furnished in heavy, leather--covered furniture." (William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily).Faulkner describeda dim and mysterious picture for us.And this mysterious picture made readers curious about her life in the house.It was really shocking that the town people saw in Emily's base room.“A thin, acrid pall as of the tomb seemed to lie everywhere upon this room decked and furnished as a bridal." (William Faulkner,A Rose for Emily). Homer's skeleton "had apparently once lain in the attitude of an embrace." (William Faulkner,A Rose for Emily). The second pillow which was in the same bed was the indentation of a head. It is clearly that it was Emily's "long strand of iron--gray hair."Homer had been missed for forty years, and Emily had been slept with his skeleton for forty years. Sepulchral atmosphere spread the air. It is shocking and absolutelyterrible. But it is not Faulkner who originally adds the terror element in fiction; it is the traditional style of “gothic characteristics." Faulkner not only uses thesecharacteristics in A Rose for Emily, but exaggerates several details such as murder, violence, etc. So the description of Emily’s house createdthe mysterious and horrible atmosphere successfully and connectedthe mystery with gothic characteristics naturally.3.2 The gothic characteristics in the theme of A Rose for EmilyMostly, the characteristics of the theme in gothic literature are that the author reveals the evil of human being and attacks the darkside of the society, such as the unfairness and crime through death, murder, violence and revenge.Gross, Louis.S(1979) pointed out: “the difference between American gothic literature and European gothic literature is that the European gothic literature is mostlyregarded as escapism and rejected by people, while American gothic literature speaks out people’s voice, especially people who are special such as females, homosexual, colored races and so on, although American gothic literature is still fictitious.”D ue to people are not allowed to express their depressed feeling caused by the insecure society or the dark side of society, they can only express the feeling indirectly by gothic discourse or using gothic characteristics in literature.At Emily’s times, women were controlled by men strongly. Before marriage, women were controlled by fathers, so they had no right to choose their lovers or partners. Emily couldn’t go out to make friends as often as she can, and her father thought there’s no man who’s good enough to match his daughter in their town, so she was still single when she was thirty years old. When her father died, she depended on her father so much that she was not wiling to bury his father. After his father’s death, she had no courage to face the outside world alone, so she went outside seldom, and her neighbors were curious about her life and guessed how her life was going from her and her servant’s actions. And then the Northern worker Homer appeared and Emily was attracted by him, and Emily was too lonely and empty, and she was eager to his company, but to her disappointment, he refused to marry her. She knew that she couldn’t control his life when he was alive, so she decided to kill him. In order to own him forever, Emily killed him by using drug. To a large extent, Emily’s life was deeply affected by her father’s control, even ruined by her father. If there’s no her father’s strong control, she might get married at the right time and certainly she wouldn’t make her lover company by killing him.So the theme of the short story which the author was trying to show was that he attacked the men’s domination overwomenby Emily’s murder, hernecrophilia, and her separation from outside for many years, and meanwhile the author also showed his sympathy for women and he spoke for women’s freedom. Besides, the story also showed southern people’s suffering and anxiety after their loss in the Civil War. Especially the white people, they couldn’t easily get accustomed to the life without slaves, and their life became totally miserable, and they cherished the memory of the past rich life; and they still thought that they were superior to others, and kept their family’s dignity. But in their deep heart, they hated the northern people who were destroyers of their happiness, so Emily’s killing Homer showed their hatred for the North. And Homer’s refusal to marryto Emily showed the northern people’s contempt for the backward system of the South. In brief, the author also attackedthe decayed thought of white people in the South by Emily’s murder. So the theme of the story was showed in gothic characteristics successfully.3.3 The gothic characteristics in thenarrative way of A Rose for EmilyMostly, gothic literature is about suspense, and the suspense is mostly about murder, death or shocking ones. Because of the suspense, the gothic literature has its own characteristics: mysterious, horrible and gloomy atmosphere and the process to solve the suspense is an adventurous experience. The usual way of telling the suspense is flashback form, because this kind of narrative way can make readers feel the mystery of the story and attract readers’ attention to go on reading it. When the readers read this kind of story, they may have the feeling of being spies. Of course, as the representative work of gothic fiction, there’s suspense in A Rose for Emily.Faulkner deliberately set a flashback form to tell the story. At the beginning, Emily was dead at her seventy--six years old. The whole town went to her funeral for different purposes: the men hada respectful affection for a fallen monument, andthe womenwere curious to see her inner house. Who wasEmily? What kind of person was she? Faulkner immediately grasped readers' interest to read on.She once was beautiful and slim, but her father drove all the men who pursuedher. Only after her father died, she could date with a Northerner. Unfortunately, she could not marry with him, which hurt her so deeply that she had to keep herself far from the world from then on.However, the ending is out of expectation. She was shrewd and unscrupulous. She secretly murdered her fiancé by rat poison, and kept his body in her bed and slept with him for forty years. It is really tricky and surprising. The ending may be unreasonable to some extent, but it really shows Faulkner's creativity. He adopts the flashback to add much profound meaning to the short story, which is superior to the normal narrative way of the general fictions. So at last, to people’s surprise, they found Emily was a cruel murderer, and people were shocked by the discovery.In addition, the choosing of the narrator also reflects the gothic characteristics. Mostly the suspense is told by the narrator whodoesn’t participate in the events herecounts, he’s not a character in the story but is someone not even named, who stands at some distant from the action recording what the main characters say and do, recording also what they think, feel, or desire (X. J. Kenned y ＆Dana Gioia, An Introduction to Fiction, 45). The narrator in A Rose for Emily is “we”, the people in town, but not the character Emily. After Emily’s father was dead, she didn’t went out as before, so as observers, people in the town narrated her actions and guessed her life according to her and her black servant’s action. They narrated Homer’s returning to Emily’s house, and they guessed they might get married. When they smelled the disgusting smell from Emily’s house, they guessed that her killingrats or snakes. And when Emily bought the rats poison, they guessed the poison was used for killing rats. Sothe narrator’s guess makes the story become more mysterious.The flashback form and the choosing of the narrator grasppeople’s curiosity for the suspense, and make the suspense more mysterious, and alsoreflectthe gothic characteristics successfully. In a short, the narrative waycreateda mysterious and terrified atmosphere, so the gothiccharacteristics exist in the narrative way of the story.3.4 The gothic characteristics in the CharacterUsually, the characters in the gothic literature are eccentric and mysterious. And most characters are not ghost but real people who have twisted characteristic caused by their life experiences, such as their childhood, their parents’ influence and their l ove story, and they act in abnormal way. Because of the character’s twisted or eccentric characteristics, the story or the suspense appearsin gothic characteristics. Mark Madoff(1979) took Lewis’s The Monk an example and pointed out that in fact, the description of the violent behavior in the gothic literature wasthe description of character’s repressed soul. The character of Emily in A Rose for Emily was a normal person, but the way she acted was very eccentric and mysterious, so people around her began to be curious about her life, and suspected her life.(1) EmilySo besides the description of environment, the theme and the narrative way reflectedthe gothiccharacteristics, the character of Emilywas also involved in “Gothic characteristics". She was stubborn, eccentric and mysterious. Shehad been isolated from the outside world for forty-year since her fatherdied and Homer's missing. Herdoorremained closed all the year round and refused all the visitors.Actually, she wasan unrealistic stubborn woman. She did not want to dispose of her father's body, and “She told them that her father was not dead.”(William Faulkner,A Rose for Emily ) Ignoring the law,sherefused to pay the taxes and repeated that “I have no taxes in Jefferson.”Moreover, she ask ed the officials to get explanation from Colonel Sartoris, who ever remittedher taxes. It seemedthat shedid not know Colonel Sartoris was dead before ten years. “It can be believed that her refusal to pay the taxes symbolizes the refusal to accept the changed society to some extent.”(Zhu Zhenwu,Study on Foreign Literature, 34). She took pain to keep her superior, dignity and the southern fair lady impression.“Emily is a typical example ofthe decay system of the south. The failure of the Civil War brought corruption and decline to the South, which was very obvious in economy and politics.”(Zhang Kuiwu, A Survey of England and America,74) However, itwasimperceptible in moral and psychology. The South originally had their own unique economic form, cultural style, life way and moral standard, even their own language. All of these elements “easily stimulated the southerner rise a feeling of the nostalgia, which had solidified for the failure of the South in the Civil War.”(Yu Jianhua,The Second Prosperous of American Literature, 460). Therefore, the war led to a strange contradictory phenomenon: the old South "died" as long as the failure of the war, but it more obstinately "survive" than any other times. The South "died" in society and economy, but it wasstill "alive" in the culture and mental.Pitiable Emily was solidified by time. She fellinto the past glories and honors of the South, but could not be brave enough to face the real life. Faulkner vividly pictured the southerners' subtle, complicated and contradictory psychology through Emily. Emily only was the epitome of the southern declining aristocracies. As the famous critic Malcolm Cloy said “The southern people lived under so heavy pressure that they almost lost their rational behavior, but responded mechanically.”(Yu Jianhua, The Second Prosperous of American Literature,460).Thus, they broke out some uncontrollable violence and unreasonable behaviors occasionally. On the other hand, they tightly clung on the luxury and glories in the past to escape the reality, whichseemed extremely unrealistic and ridiculous. In this way, Faulkner criticized the southerners who lived in a new time butkept outdated mind. And this distorted psychology was exactly the spiritual essence of the collapsing old south. Standing on a new angle, Faulkner re-examined closely and explained all of these, and sympathized the southerners' thinking way and moral standard.Emily’s characteristic was deeply affected by her father’s strong control and the insecure society caused by the Civil War, so her characteristic became eccentric and abnormal, and she acted in mysterious and horrible way. Her desire for male was repressed by her father, and she didn’t know how to deal with the relationship with people, especially with males alone; so she chose to be separated from outside. As a result, her characteristic became more and more twisted because of the long-term loneliness and emptiness. Finally, her twisted characteristic led to her tragedy. So the gothic characteristic fully showed in the character of Emily.(2) the Negro TobeTobe is the supporting role in the novel , doing nothing more than carrying out the basket, open the door of the sort of thing, it seems dispensable in the story. However, as in this short novel, Faulkner has mentioned him more than ten times. Why is this? In-depth observation, we found his value: his presence in the work has an indispensable role to the romance of Gothic atmosphere of this Part.. First of all, Tobe himself is a character full of mystery. The readers do not know his history, do not know why he was still loyal and devoted to serving Emily after Gerryson come down, do not know why he finally disappeared, gone ... ... like a ghost, he appeared from time to time, then disappeared in a whisper away. He does not talk with people, he was as mysterious as his mistress . Second, his presence make the sense of mystery and snobby of Emily continue. Because of his presence, Emily was like a "lady", was able to stay at home all year round.4.ConclusionGiven the above analysis, we can arrive at the point that A Rose for Emily reflects gothic characteristics in four aspects of the description of the heroin’s house, the theme, the narrative way, and the character of the heroin. The author, Faulkner expresses his complicated feeling for the South’s loss precisely by using gothic characteristics in A Rose for Emily. He n ot only expresses his hatred for the North by Emily’s killing Homer, but also shows his contempt for the backward system and decayed thought of the South by Homer’s refusal to marry to Emily. And the gothic fiction vividly pictures us the miserable life of southern people after the Civil War. So A Rose for Emily shows us theperfect combination between gothic characteristic and realistic content.BibliographyBarton Armond. (1972). The mysteries of Edger poe,. In G..K. Thompson(Ed).The Gothic Imagination. Washington State University.Gross Louis.S. (1989). Redefining the American Gothic from Wieland to the Day of Dead. Ann Arbor: UmI Research Press.Howard Clin Cotton. (1994). American History. United States Information Agency.Jay Pariniet. (1989). The Norton Anthology of American Literary (pp2031). New York and London: W. W. Norton & Company.。
A Rose For Emily(献给艾米丽的玫瑰花)
试析《纪念爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》中的时间艺术与死亡主题摘要美国杰出的现代小说大家威廉·福克纳的短篇小说《纪念艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花》运用了时序颠倒与循环叙事的独特艺术手法，从而展示了现代主义小说中关于时间艺术的理解和运用。
而福克纳更是将自己的时间观贯彻到了整篇小说的创作中，并在死亡主题这一特殊形式的的叙述中得到了深刻的体现。
关键词《纪念艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花》时间死亡威廉·福克纳最负盛名的短篇小说《纪念爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》讲述了一位没落的南方贵族小姐亲手杀死自己的爱人，然后陪伴其尸身并在古屋中隐居四十之久的具有哥特式神秘、恐怖意味的故事。
南方淑女爱米丽小姐是旧贵族的象征，对于她的纪念是作为南方作家的福克纳对于逝去的旧南方的无限缅怀之情。
但另一方面，爱米丽的最终死亡也喻示了一座纪念碑的倒下，表明了作者对于最终湮没的南方社会既眷念热爱又批判其沉沦罪恶的矛盾心态。
时间，在传统现实主义小说的叙事中往往呈线性发展，“故事和情节小说遵循着时间的线形关系、事件的连锁关系体现为一种因果关系和时间上的线性顺序，任何外部事件都依赖于这样一种时间的线性关系”。
①在《纪念艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花》这篇小说文本当中，我们很容易发现它的最大艺术特色就是时序的颠倒与循环叙事。
小说以爱米丽之死为叙述的起点，站在杰斐逊镇居民的视角上进行叙事，作者以倒叙的手法描述了爱米丽生前的几个主要事件。
在颠倒的时间顺序中，首先叙述的是爱米丽拒绝纳税事件，然后是富有神秘气息的尸臭事件，接着作者却把时间往过去推进，则出现了父亲之死，再接下来的与北方工头荷默恋爱及他与爱米丽发生冲突后爱米丽去购买砒霜，紧接下来荷默的消失与爱米丽小姐长达四十年的隐居生活之谜在小说的最后一部分终于被揭开。
古屋中楼上的房间中竟然躺着死去了四十年的荷默，“那尸身躺在那里，显出一度是拥抱的姿势，但那比爱情更能持久，那战胜了爱情的煎熬的永恒的长眠已经使他驯服了。
”②更让人心惊的是尸身旁边的枕头上遗留了爱米丽小姐的“一绺长长的铁灰色头发”。
A-rose-for-Emily中英译本
A_Rose_for_Emily献给爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花一、爱米丽·格利尔逊小姐走了，全镇的人都去送葬：男人们是出于敬慕之情,因为一座丰碑倒塌了；女人们大多出于好奇之心，都想到爱米丽屋里看个究竟。
除了一个园丁兼厨师的上了年纪的男仆外，至少已经十年都没有人进去看过了。
那是一幢曾经漆成白色的方形大木屋,圆圆的顶阁，尖尖的塔顶，涡形花纹的阳台，尽显出浓浓的七十年代轻松愉快的风格。
房屋所在的街道曾经是全镇最为繁华之地.但这里早已被附近的汽修厂和扎棉机侵占了，就连那些庄严的名字也被吞噬得一干二净;岿然不动的，只有爱米丽小姐的房子，虽有破败之势，却依然显得执拗不训，风韵犹存,与周围的四轮棉花车和汽油泵一样,太过碍眼了。
如今爱米丽小姐也进入了那些具有代表性的庄严的名字行列之中，他们长眠在雪松环拥的墓地里，那是南北战争时期杰斐逊战役中阵亡的军人之墓,有的是南方军人，有的是北方士兵；有的是高职位，有的是无名氏。
生前，爱米丽小姐代表着一个传统、一种职责；她既是人们关注的目标，也是全镇传承下来对她应尽的义务，这种义务是从一八九四年开始的，当时的镇长萨特里斯上校-—还颁布了一道命令：严禁黑人妇女不系围裙上街—-豁免了她各种税款;这种特惠政策从她父亲去世之日开始，一直到她不在人世之时为止。
这并不是说爱米丽爱占人们的便宜,而是萨特里斯上校编造了一套不清不楚的瞎话,说什么爱米丽的父亲曾贷款给镇政府，而镇政府，作为交易,以这种方式偿还。
这种瞎话,只有萨特里斯上校那一代人以及像他那样的脑袋的人才瞎编的出来，也只有女人们才会相信这种瞎话.到了第二代人，他们当上了镇长和议员，思想更加前卫，便对这种免税约定产生了一丝不满。
那年元旦，他们寄给她一张纳税通知单，可是到了二月，依然没有回信。
他们给她发了一封公函，要她方便时到镇治安办公室去一趟。
一周后，镇长亲自书函一封给她,表示愿意登门拜访，或派车接她；镇长得到的回信却是一张便条,字是写在一张古香古色的信笺上,书法流利,字迹纤细，墨迹已干，大意是说,她根本不再外出。
a rose for emily英美文学
a rose for emily英美文学《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是美国作家威廉·福克纳创作的一部短篇小说，以人类的视角展现了一个神秘而令人着迷的故事。
故事发生在一个小镇上，讲述了主人公艾米丽·格里森的一生。
故事的开头，作者通过描述艾米丽家族的辉煌历史和家族的荣耀，为读者勾勒出了一个神秘而引人注目的女主角。
然而，随着时间的流逝，艾米丽的家族逐渐衰落，镇上的人们对她的好奇心也越来越浓厚。
在镇上的人们眼中，艾米丽是一个孤僻而古怪的人。
她和父亲一直住在一座陈旧的大宅中，几乎与外界隔绝。
艾米丽的生活充满了谜团，引发了人们的猜测和传言。
故事的情节逐渐展开，人们发现艾米丽的父亲去世后，她一直保留着他的尸体，拒绝接受现实的残酷。
这一举动令人震惊，也让人对艾米丽的精神状态产生了疑问。
随着故事的发展，艾米丽与一位年轻人相爱，然而这段爱情并没有美好的结局。
最终，艾米丽的秘密被揭开，她成为了一个孤独、疯狂的老人，永远与过去的荣耀和爱情相伴。
《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》通过艾米丽这个角色，深刻地揭示了人性的复杂性和人类内心的孤独。
故事中的艾米丽代表了一个被困在过去荣耀中的人，她无法接受现实，无法适应社会的变迁。
这个故事以其独特的叙事方式和扣人心弦的情节吸引着读者。
福克纳通过细腻的描写和巧妙的铺陈，给予了读者对艾米丽内心世界的洞察。
读者仿佛能够感受到艾米丽的孤独和绝望，感受到她内心纠结的情感。
《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是一部经典的英美文学作品，它以其独特的风格和深刻的主题引发了无数读者的共鸣。
通过描绘一个女人的一生，故事深刻地反映了人类的心理和社会的变迁。
艾米丽的故事让我们思考人性的复杂性和人类内心的孤独。
它让我们看到了一个人在时光的流逝中逐渐失去自我，最终沦为一个古怪的孤独老人的过程。
同时，它也提醒我们要珍惜当下，勇敢面对现实，不要被过去所困扰。
《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》通过福克纳独特的叙事方式和精湛的描写技巧，刻画出了一个令人难以忘怀的形象。
福克纳小说献给艾米丽的玫瑰a rose for emily赏析
福克纳小说献给艾米丽的玫瑰a rose for emily赏析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》是菲利普·威廉斯·福克纳写于1930年作品中的一篇短篇小说，融合了悲剧、哀思、爱情和时代话题，深受读者喜爱。
小说说述了南方小镇斯威普霍尔特一位名叫艾米丽的老小姐的故事：艾米丽的青春期起先幸福美满，但她的母亲和父亲过早逝世，之后社会环境也更加糟糕，使她的全部世界被封锁，甚至连其朝思暮想都无法触及。
更糟糕的是，艾米丽还不得不忍受一个深恶痛绝的绝密，但最终，在小镇居民们的渗透下，关于艾米丽的秘密也慢慢浮出了水面，小说结束的时候，艾米丽究竟是用了无法用言语表达的情感支付了代价，还是以某种求死的友情洒脱的到底成未可知。
《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》用一个苦难的少女艾米丽的故事，对英雄主义和爱情的一次再次探讨，让我们进入艾米丽无法跨越的牢笼，更是让我们理解她不能承受的“献给艾米丽的玫瑰”，也看到了艾米丽赴死坚持到最后，赢得自由的英勇牺牲，而在最后，艾米丽的秘密，却成为了艾米丽永远的伙伴，也深深融入了每个人的心里。
小说中艾米丽的这一段经历，展现了作家给与人生深思的状态，他试图突出艾米丽曾一度坚强与孤独的宏大仪式，还有她曾以愤怒与悲伤来抗争有偏见的社会外在文化。
他进一步指出，尽管人们费尽心机介入艾米丽的世界，但最后，艾米丽仍然站立在某个难以表达的世界中，就像一朵玫瑰一样，在经历风雨的洗礼后，艾米丽的骄傲与挚爱依然一直伴随着她的一生，永不凋零。
艾米丽的人物形象，启发读者直至今天仍在反思，却仍旧无法确定小说里实际上发生了什么，比如，艾米丽是怎样承受了这一切的折磨？最后，她到底做出了什么选择？艾米丽强颜欢笑以维持下去，也让我们意识到了活着的每一刻的珍贵，也让人明白到，在一个被遗忘的世界里，人总是不得不自强，继续活下去，最终，她站在乐观与悲哀的路口，把守着一份绝密的爱情，这份爱情，给了她勇气，让她走到终点。
A Rose for Emily(献给艾米丽的玫瑰)
Question
What do you think her image indicates when she bought arsenic? (para34.)
•With cold, haughty black eyes in a face the flesh of which was strained across the temples and about the eye sockets as you imagine a lighthouse-keeper's face ought to look. (Para 34) 译文：一双黑眼冷酷高傲，脸上的肉在两边的太阳穴和眼 窝处绷得很紧，那副模样好像只有灯塔守望者才应该具有 的。 extreme loneliness and solitude •A strained flag: 那脸绷得像凿出来的石板(Para 41) •strain开凿； flag 石板
Para 43 And The End:
Arsenic: Kill Herself?
No
Mood: Depre Shame
Kill The Man
Image VI
• Time: After 30 years of the death of Emily’s father. • Event: The deputation visited Emily and hoped that she could pay taxes again. • Main content: Description to the appearance of Emily. (Para 6)
Image II
After father's death:
Para29……when we saw her again,her hair was
a rose for emily中玫瑰的象征意义
a rose for emily中玫瑰的象征意义
在《为爱米丽献上一朵玫瑰》中，玫瑰有多个象征意义。
首先，玫瑰象征着爱情和浪漫。
在故事中，爱米丽的父亲是一个严厉的人，限制了她的社交生活，并拒绝了她的恋爱请求。
然而，爱米丽自己的浪漫情感并没有被禁锢，她暗地里爱上了霍默·巴龙，并将他视为自己的爱人。
当他们的恋情曝光后，爱米丽杀死了霍默，并将他的遗体保存在她的房间里。
这里的玫瑰象征着她对爱情的执着和对爱人的深情。
其次，玫瑰还象征着美和青春的逝去。
爱米丽的家族曾经是镇上显赫的家族，她本人也是一个美丽而高贵的女人。
然而，随着时间的流逝，她逐渐变老并丧失了青春的容颜。
故事中描述了她在玫瑰花店中购买玫瑰的情景，这可以被解读为她对美和青春的追求，希望通过玫瑰来保持自己的年轻和美丽。
最后，玫瑰还可以象征着死亡和悲剧。
在故事的结尾，当爱米丽去世时，人们发现了她的房间里有一朵几十年前给霍默买的玫瑰。
这朵嫁接的玫瑰已经枯萎了，但它还在存留着，象征着爱米丽的坚持和长久的孤独。
它也代表着故事中悲剧的结局，以及爱米丽孤独而苦涩的一生。
综上所述，玫瑰在《为爱米丽献上一朵玫瑰》中象征着爱情、浪漫、美和青春的逝去，以及死亡和悲剧。
Analysis of Emily's tragedy in A Rose for Emily from feminism
Analysis of Emily's tragedy in A Rose for Emily from feminism 从女性主义角度解读献给《艾米丽的玫瑰》中艾米丽的悲剧摘要《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》福克纳的短篇代表作,许多学者从多个不同角度对该作品进行了分析研究，但从女性主义视角解读的论文和作品较少，本论文以女性主义出发，以美国战后的社会变迁为背景，分析了没落贵族代表，分析了艾米丽悲剧形成原因，论文共分为五部分，第一部分引言分析本选题的背景及意义；第二部分对女性主义进行解读，介绍其来源、内涵以及三个发展阶段；第三部分介绍作者及作品主要内容；第四部分从女性主义视角对作品进行深层解读，从社会和人物自身方面详细阐述了艾米丽悲剧成因，第五部分对文章进行总结，综合论文内容进行启发性思考与学习，深化对女性主义认知及女性平等地位理解，联系实际并展望未来。
关键词：《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》；女性主义；福克纳；男权制；悲剧AbstractA rose for Emily is a masterpiece of Faulkner's short stories and is of great significance for researching ,analyzed by many scholars from different angles , but the research from a feminist perspective is not much, this essay start with feminism and take the United States after the war of the social vicissitude as the background to analysize the causes of Emily's tragic life who represents the declining aristocracy and the southern tradition, reflecting the social phenomena and characteristics of America at that time, It can be divided into five parts,the first part introduces the background and significance of the topic,the second part is to have an interpretation of feminism by introducing its origin ,definition and three developing stages,the third part introduces the author and the main content of the novel;the forth part takes a deep interpretation from feminist perspective and analysize the causes of Emily's tragic life from a combination of the society and the character herself; and the last part made a conclusion and deepen the understanding of female awareness and equal status.Key Words: A Rose for Emily; Feminism; Faulkner; male-dominated system;tragedyContentsIntroduction .................................................................................................................. i v 1 Inrtoduction of feminism ...................................................... 错误！未定义书签。
a-rose-for-Emily-分析
A Rose for Emily 的评析(2010-06-21 23:49:34)转载▼标签：文化威廉.福克纳和他的《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》摘要：福克纳把南方的历史和现实社会作为自己创作源泉而成为美国南方文学的代表。
《献给爱米丽的玫瑰》通过爱米丽的爱情悲剧揭示了新旧秩序的斗争及没落贵族阶级的守旧心态，福克纳运用神秘、暗语、象征、时序颠倒等写作手法来揭示这一主题。
关键词：威廉·福克纳；献给爱米丽的玫瑰；南方小说一、威廉·福克纳的南方情结威廉·福克纳(William Faulkner，1897-1962)是美国文学史上久负盛名的作家之一，生于密西西比州一个在内战中失去财富和地位的没落的南方种植园家庭。
福克纳的大多数作品都以美国南方为背景，强调南方主题和南方意识。
在他19部长篇小说和75篇短篇小说中，绝大多数小说的故事都发生在他虚构的美国的约克纳帕塔法县(Yoknapatawpha county）和杰弗生镇。
这些作品所展示的生活画卷和人物形象构成了福克纳笔下的“约克纳帕塔法世系”。
“约克纳帕塔法世系”是以该县家族的兴衰、变迁为主题，故事所跨越的时间上起自印地安人与早期殖民者交往的岁月，止于第二次世界大战后，长约二百年。
他的世系小说依南方家系人物的生活而展开，以南方浓郁的泥土气息伴随着因工业文明而带来的焦虑、惶惑、无奈，把一百多年来即从1800年到第二次世界大战之后社会发展过程中，南方人所独有的情感和心态通过独特的艺术方式展示出来，可谓一部“南方生活的史诗”。
在这部史诗的字里行间，留下了作家的血与泪之痕：割不断爱恋南方古老精神的一片深情，可又抵御不了现代文明进程的必然性。
正如福克纳所说：“我爱南方，也憎恨它。
这里有些东西我本不喜欢。
但是我生在这里，这是我的家。
因此，我愿意继续维护它，即便是怀着憎恨。
”这种矛盾恰好构成了福克纳情感意识及其小说世界的无穷魅力。
结果，约克纳帕塔法县成了旧南方的象征，而福克纳也借此成功地表现了整个南方社会的历史和意识。
献给艾米丽的玫瑰花英文读后感
献给艾米丽的玫瑰花英文读后感In "A Rose for Emily," William Faulkner weaves a haunting tale of the life of Emily Grierson, a character whose existence is as intricate as the decaying Southern mansion she inhabits. The story is a poignant reflection on the passage of time, the persistence of tradition, and the inevitable confrontation with change.From the outset, the reader is drawn into the enigmatic world of Miss Emily, a figure who is both revered and feared by the townspeople. Her life is a microcosm of the Old South, a world where social standing and family honor are paramount. Faulkner masterfully uses the decay of Emily's home as a metaphor for the decline of her family's influence and the Southern aristocracy as a whole.The narrative unfolds through the eyes of the townsfolk, who view Emily with a mixture of pity and disdain. Herrefusal to pay taxes, her peculiar relationship with her father, and her eventual entanglement with a man who is not her husband all serve to isolate her further from the community. Yet, it is this isolation that gives her character depth and complexity, making her a symbol of resistance against the relentless march of progress.The most striking element of the story is the revelation of the room upstairs, where the remains of Emily's lover, Homer Barron, are found. This shocking twist serves as apowerful indictment of the societal norms that have trapped Emily, forcing her to resort to extreme measures to maintain her dignity and independence. The rose left by her side is a poignant symbol of her love and the life she could have had, but was denied by the rigid social structure of her time."A Rose for Emily" is a story that lingers in the mind long after the final page is turned. It is a testament to Faulkner's ability to craft characters that are both deeply flawed and profoundly human. The story challenges the reader to consider the cost of clinging to the past and the price of individuality in a society that prizes conformity above all else. It is a narrative that resonates with themes of love, loss, and the enduring power of the human spirit in the face of societal constraints.。
A_ROSE_FOR_EMILY献给艾米丽的玫瑰中文
A ROSE FOR EMIL Y的中文一厨师的老仆人之外，至少已有十年光景谁也没进去看看这幢房子了。
那是一幢过去漆成白色的四方形大木屋，坐落在当年一条最考究的街道上，还装点着是汽车间和轧棉机之类的东西侵犯了这一带庄严的名字，把它们涂抹得一干二净。
只有爱米装模作样，真是丑中之丑。
现在爱米丽小姐已经加入了那些名字庄严的代表人物的行列，他们沉睡在雪松环绕的墓园之中，那里尽是一排排在南北战争时期杰斐逊战役中阵亡的南方和北方的无名军人墓。
打一八九四年某日镇长沙多里斯上校——也就是他下了一道黑人妇女不系围裙不得上街的命令——豁免了她一切应纳的税款起，期限从她父亲去世之日开始，一直到她去世为止，这是全镇沿袭下来对她的一种义务。
这也并非说爱米丽甘愿接受施舍，原来是沙多里斯上校编造了一大套无中生有的话，说是爱米丽的父亲曾经贷款给镇政府，因此，镇政府作为一种交易，宁愿以这种方式偿还。
这一套话，只有沙多里斯一代的人以及像沙多里斯一样头脑的人才能编得出来，也只有妇道人家才会相信。
示愿意登门访问，或派车迎接她，而所得回信却是一张便条，写在古色古香的信笺上，书法流利，字迹细小，但墨水已不鲜艳，信的大意是说她已根本不外出。
纳税通知附还，没有表示意见。
参议员们开了个特别会议，派出一个代表团对她进行了访问。
他们敲敲门，自从八年男仆把他们接待进阴暗的门厅，从那里再由楼梯上去，光线就更暗了。
一股尘封的气味扑鼻而来，空气阴湿而又不透气，这屋子长久没有人住了。
黑人领他们到客厅里，里面摆设的笨重家具全都包着皮套子。
黑人打开了一扇百叶窗，这时，便更可看出皮套子已经坼裂；等他们坐了下来，大腿两边就有一阵灰尘冉冉上升，尘粒在那一缕阳光中缓缓旋转。
壁炉前已经失去金色光泽的画架上面放着爱米丽父亲的炭笔画像。
她一进屋，他们全都站了起来。
一个小模小样，腰圆体胖的女人，穿了一身黑服，一条细细的金表链拖到腰部，落到腰带里去了，一根乌木拐杖支撑着她的身体，拐杖头的镶金已经失去光泽。
A Rose For Emily(献给艾米丽的玫瑰花)
试析《纪念爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》中的时间艺术与死亡主题摘要美国杰出的现代小说大家威廉·福克纳的短篇小说《纪念艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花》运用了时序颠倒与循环叙事的独特艺术手法，从而展示了现代主义小说中关于时间艺术的理解和运用。
而福克纳更是将自己的时间观贯彻到了整篇小说的创作中，并在死亡主题这一特殊形式的的叙述中得到了深刻的体现。
关键词《纪念艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花》时间死亡威廉·福克纳最负盛名的短篇小说《纪念爱米丽的一朵玫瑰花》讲述了一位没落的南方贵族小姐亲手杀死自己的爱人，然后陪伴其尸身并在古屋中隐居四十之久的具有哥特式神秘、恐怖意味的故事。
南方淑女爱米丽小姐是旧贵族的象征，对于她的纪念是作为南方作家的福克纳对于逝去的旧南方的无限缅怀之情。
但另一方面，爱米丽的最终死亡也喻示了一座纪念碑的倒下，表明了作者对于最终湮没的南方社会既眷念热爱又批判其沉沦罪恶的矛盾心态。
时间，在传统现实主义小说的叙事中往往呈线性发展，“故事和情节小说遵循着时间的线形关系、事件的连锁关系体现为一种因果关系和时间上的线性顺序，任何外部事件都依赖于这样一种时间的线性关系”。
①在《纪念艾米丽的一朵玫瑰花》这篇小说文本当中，我们很容易发现它的最大艺术特色就是时序的颠倒与循环叙事。
小说以爱米丽之死为叙述的起点，站在杰斐逊镇居民的视角上进行叙事，作者以倒叙的手法描述了爱米丽生前的几个主要事件。
在颠倒的时间顺序中，首先叙述的是爱米丽拒绝纳税事件，然后是富有神秘气息的尸臭事件，接着作者却把时间往过去推进，则出现了父亲之死，再接下来的与北方工头荷默恋爱及他与爱米丽发生冲突后爱米丽去购买砒霜，紧接下来荷默的消失与爱米丽小姐长达四十年的隐居生活之谜在小说的最后一部分终于被揭开。
古屋中楼上的房间中竟然躺着死去了四十年的荷默，“那尸身躺在那里，显出一度是拥抱的姿势，但那比爱情更能持久，那战胜了爱情的煎熬的永恒的长眠已经使他驯服了。
”②更让人心惊的是尸身旁边的枕头上遗留了爱米丽小姐的“一绺长长的铁灰色头发”。
献给艾米丽的玫瑰概要写作英语作文
献给艾米丽的玫瑰概要写作英语作文Title: A Summary of "The Roses for Emily""The Roses for Emily" is a novel written by William Faulkner. It revolves around the life of a woman named Emily Grierson, who is seen as a mysterious figure in her small town of Jefferson. The story is narrated from the perspective of the town's residents, who recount the events that transpire in Emily's life.The narrative begins with Emily's death and the discovery of her secrets that have been kept hidden for many years. The townspeople remember Emily as a proud and aristocratic woman who comes from a respected family. Despite her social status, Emily isolates herself from the community and leads a reclusive life.The story unfolds as the townspeople reminisce about Emily's past, including her relationship with a man named Homer Barron. Emily and Homer's courtship causes a scandal in the town, as it is considered inappropriate for Emily, a single woman from a prominent family, to be involved with a common laborer. However, Emily defies the town's expectations and continues her affair with Homer.As the story progresses, it becomes apparent that Emily's mental state is deteriorating, and she becomes increasingly isolated and eccentric. The townspeople become curious about Emily's life and attempt to uncover the secrets of her past. They discover a shocking revelation about Emily's relationship with Homer, which leads to a tragic conclusion."The Roses for Emily" explores themes of isolation, pride, and the destructive nature of secrets. Through Emily's character, Faulkner delves into the complexities of human nature and the consequences of societal expectations. The novel offers a poignant reflection on the effects of loneliness and the power of memory.In conclusion, "The Roses for Emily" is a haunting and thought-provoking tale that captivates readers with its vivid imagery and complex characters. Faulkner's masterful storytelling weaves together a compelling narrative that reveals the dark undercurrents of a seemingly idyllic Southern town.。
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My Review of “A Rose for Emily”
--By Cave dweller William Faulkner's "A Rose for Emily" is a short story which mainly describes a faded southern aristocrat, Emily Grierson's tragic life. An unnamed narrator vividly tells six impressive anecdotes to present Emily's life with an intelligent use of flashbacks. But after reading the story, we can divide it into six parts according the chronological order.
The first part is the death of Emily's father. When her father died, the house is all that is left to her. This part reveals that to a certain extent, her father who has driven away all the young men should be responsible for her tragedy.
The second part is Emily's miserable relationship. She falls in love with a foreman named Homer Barron, a dark, ready man, who has no interest in marriage. Then people are told that the man deserts her.
The third is "the smell". After her father's death and heart-broken love, she only has a manservant. So her house smells bad. The people in town complain about it. In the end, they solve it by sprinkling lime around her house.
The fourth part is Emily's teaching life. She gives lessons in china-painting several years and then closes her front forever.
The fifth is the confrontation between Emily and the deputation. The young generation is dissatisfied with the edict of remitting her taxes. They send a deputation to negotiate this problem. But they failed. She vanquished them.
The sixth part is Emily's funeral and the discovery of the dead man in her house. After the funeral, people decide to open the room which no one has seen in forty years. Then, they find a dead man in bed.
The setting of the story is the declining of the southern aristocrats in America.
The novel has been regarded as a Gothic horror tale, a study in abnormal psychology as well as an allegory of the relations between North and South. The novel's name is "A Rose for Emily", it tells little about rose, but much about the tragic heroine, Emily. Therefore,
the rose represents Emily, which actually is an elegy sighting the lost prosperity of the South aristocracy. So the memory of the South aristocrats' glory is prominent in southern people's minds, which causes various conflicts and contractions in their psyche. Apparently, Emily is one of these people who think all the past is not a diminishing road but a huge meadow. Emily does not in her time but in the lost glory of South aristocracy. Her eccentric and wired behaviors are the surface of her psychological world which fills with conflicts and complexity. Her own unhealthy psychological world can be considered as a cause of her tragic life. The incorrect family education has caused her tragedy. Her father's archaic thoughts have passive influence on her life. Her father drives away all the young men. Her father interferes in her life too much.。