(完整word版)一般现在时态

一般现在时态

动词三单数的构成：

1)一般情况再词尾加-s .例：make-makes play-plays get-gets read-reads

2)如果动词原形词尾已有e，只加s. close-closes ride-rides wake-wakes leave –leaves

3)以s, x , ch , sh ,o 结尾的动词再词尾加-es. guess-guesses fix, teach, wash, go-goes, do-does

4)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要去y变i 加es. fly-flies , carry , study

特殊：have-has

用法

一般现在时表示现在经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

构成：A. be 动词作谓语

注：我用am , 你用are , is 用于他她它。单数主语用is ,复数主语均用are .

缩写词：I am = I’m you are = you’re we are = we’re they are = they’re

are not =aren’t he is = he’s she is = she’s it is = it’s is not = isn’t

一般现在时表示现在的状态。

The boy is twelve years old /.

The workers are very busy .

His mother is at work .

注：以实义动词作谓语的句子，在一般现在时态中，如果主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要变为第三人称单数形式，其余人称均用动词原形。

缩写词：do not = don’t does not = doesn’t

1) 表示现在时间经常性反复发生或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

时间状语：

every…, in the morning (…) ，at…, on Sunday sometimes,, always , often ,usually , never,

etc .

I get I[ at 6:30 every day .

She always helps others .

He often goes to school on foot.

I usually leave home for school at 7 every morning.

They never play computer games .

They often watch TV after supper .I usually go to work on my bike .

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。

The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China .

Summer comes after spring .

注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例：

Our teacher said that the earth is round.

Our teacher told us that the earth travels around the sun .

3) 表示主语现在时刻具备的能力、性格、个性。

She likes noodles .

He knows a lot of English .

I like playing football .

I don't want so much.

Wang writes good English but does not speak well.

4)在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时来表示将来的动作。

He will ring you up when he gets there .

I shall leave home if the rain stops .

If it doesn’t rain tomorrow , we will go for a picnic .

I will give my father a ring as soon as I gets to the school .

一般现在时

一．意义：

一般现在时，通常表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态。

二．一般现在时的构成：

1）动词be的第一人称单数为am，第三人称单数为is,第二人称单数及所有复数人称均为are.

2) 动词have除第三人称单数用has外，其他人称均用have。

3）行为动词除第三人称单数动词词尾变化与名词单数变复数规则相同外，其余一律同原形。

注：行为动词一般现在时第三人称单数加-s或-es的规则：

a. 一般词尾加-s: 如：works likes comes attends sees

b. 词尾为ch, sh, s, x, o的动词加-es 如：teaches, washes, fixes, goes

c. 辅音字母+y结尾的动词把-y变成I,在加-es: 如：study-studies fly-flies

三.一般现在时的用法：

1）表示经常发生的动作，现存的习惯或状态。常与often, always, usually, every day, sometimes, never, once a day, seldom等时间状语连用。例如：

①I am a teacher.

②We are Chinese.

③She goes to work every day.

④He always helps others.

2) 表示客观事实或普遍真理。例如：

①There are seven days in a week.

②The earth goes round the sun.

3) 在连词when, before, if, as soon as, until 等引导的表示将来的行为的状语从句中，常用一般现在时表示将来的动作。例如；

①If it is fine tomorrow, we’ll have a football match.

②I’ll ring you up before I leave the office.

③When I finish my homework, I’ll tell you a story.

4) 表示安排或计划好的未来的动作，只限于go, come, leave, start, stay, return, arrive, begin, be 等动词。例如：

①My train leaves at 6:30 this morning.-

②How long do you stay here?

③We start at 8 tomorrow morning for Beijing.

四．一般现在时的否定式和疑问式

1．动词be的否定式和疑问式

动词be的否定式由“be的人称变化+not”构成。疑问式中，be 和主语倒装。

( are not=aren’t is not=isn’t) 如：

①Li Ming is not (isn’t) a worker.

②They are not (aren’t) college students.

③Is Li Wei thirty-two?

④Are you from Shanghai?

2．动词have 的否定式和疑问式

动词have 如果表示“具有”、“所有”，它的否定式和疑问式即可分别用“have或has + not”和“Have you…?”或“Has he/she…?”的形式，又可分别用“do/does not have”和“Do you have…?”“Does he/she have…?”的形式。当动词have表示其它意义，如have classes have supper/lunch时，它的否定式和疑问式与一般行为动词相同。(have not