常见词缀整理

（2）表示“性质、状态、动作、行为”的抽象
名词
-ibility possibility responsibility -age marriage shortage -al arrival refusal revival survival -ance acceptance importance distance -ence dependence existence difference -ery slavery bravery discovery
anxious serious
rainy cloudy dirty hairy
常见的前缀
• 1：表示“否定或逆转” •
•
• • • • • • •
disinilimirmisnon-
disappear disagree disorder incorrect inactive incapable illegal illogical impossible imperfect impatient irregular irresponsible misuse mislead misunderstanding non-stop nonsense non-violence
常见词缀整理
常见词根词缀整理
1：常见的名词后缀 （1）表示“人和物”
-ian -ant -ent -ee -or -ess -ist
electrician musician politician assistant accountant participant student president resident(居民） employee trainee interviewee actor conductor sailor waitress hostess actress socialist novelist scientist dentist
4:表示“程度、大小或差别”
• • • • • microscope Microsoft microwave microphone miniminibus miniskirt minimum overoverwork overuse oversleep supersupermarket superpower superstar • underunderdeveloped underline • underworld • vicevice-president vice-premier micro-
3:表示“方向或位置”
exexport exclude expression ininvade include indoor infect inject sub- subway substandard subtitle teletelephone telescope television trans- transport transplant translate
6：变换词类的前缀
Байду номын сангаас
en-
enable endanger enjoy enlarge encourage enrich
ensure
5：表示“数量”
• • • • •
bibicycle bilingual kilokilometer kilogram kilowatt multimultimedia multinational tritriangle tricycle uniunicycle unique universal uniform unit unicorn
-tion question construction election -ism tourism optimism socialism -ment movement government -ness kindness carelessness -ure failure measure leisure pleasure
2：常见的动词后缀
(1)表示“使（成为）” “使……化”
-en strengthen weaken broaden lighten -ify classify simplify qualify
-ize -ish
widen
realize organize criticize recognize astonish establish finish punish
abolish
-free(无，免）
duty-free care-free（无忧无虑的） smoke-free salt-free
-ful（充满） hopeful useful wonderful helpful
-less
hopeless
useless
careless
-(i)ous dangerous various -y
2：表示“时间顺序”
• • • • • •
ex- ex-president ex-wife ex-husband fore- foretell forehead foresee forecast mid- middle midfield midnight midterm post- post-war postgraduate（研究生） pre- prepare prepay predict preview re- recall repair rebuild rewrite