黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学2020-2021学年八学年(上)学期初基础知识检测英语试题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学2020-2021学年八学年(上)学期初基础知识检测英语试题
萧红中学八学年(上)·学期初基础知识检测·英语考试时长: 60分钟试卷满分: 100 分◆提示:请将答案作答在题卡上,否则无效。
一、单项选择(本题共40分,每小题1分)选择最佳答案。
( ) 1. Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound?A. teachchessB. great dreamC. tootheither( ) 2. Which of the following words has the same sound as the underlined letters of theword "save"?A. faceB. badC. wash( ) 3. Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has a different sound?A. crime quiteB. moon foodC. brush minute() 4. Which of the following words has a different sound from the underlined letters of theword "bowl"?A. showerB. showC. follow( ) 5.Which of the following words doesn't have the same stress as the others?A. Idea.B. Ivory.C. India.() 6.Which of the following words doesn't have the same stress as the others?A. Surprise.B. Person.C. Tonight.( ) 7. --- Sam. what do you usually do on weekends?---Sometimes I play_____ soccer and sometimes I play_____ piano.A. the, theB. the, /C./, the( ) 8. --- What will the weather_______ tomorrow, Amy?--- Well, there will _____so you need an umbrella.A. like, rainB. be like, be rainC. be like, have rain( ) 9. --Do you know the old woman_______funny glasses?--Yes, I do.A. byB. withC. of( ) 10.I_____some of my free time__________basketball for my school team.A spend, playB. take, playingC. spend, playing() 11.____ the windows before________the classroom.A. To close, leavingB. Closing, you leaveC. Close, leaving( ) 12. --- What does your maths teacher_______?---He is of medium height.A. look forB. look afterC. look like( ) 13. The book store is far away from here. You'd better_________.A. by busB.onabusC. take a bus() 14.--What's wrong with you, Bob? You look tired.---I_______ late to study for the exam last night.A. picked upB. stayed upC. woke up( ) 15.---________is it from your home to your school, Anna?--- It's quite near here, only five minutes' walk.A. How farB. How longC. How often( ) 16-.--______I take photos here?--- No, you mustn't. Don't you see the sign“NO PHOTOS"?A. MayB. MustC. Should( ) 17. --- I's really dangerous to swim in the pool. Look at the sign.--- Oh, I____ see it. Thanks for telling me.A. didn'tB. don'tC. won't( ) 18. ---What do you want to be when you grow up, a doctor or an engineer?---________, I want to be a scientist.A. NeitherB. EitherC. Both( ) 19. --- How do you like your English teacher?--- She is strict ____ us, but we all like her because she is friendly after class. A. inB. atC. with( ) 20. --- My English is very poor. How can I learn English better?---First, you should listen to the teacher carefully in class. Second, you'd better Practice______English every day.A. speakingB. to speakC. speak( ) 21. ---Do- you know that there are many different____ animals in the zoo?--- Yes, I do. And I also know that some of them are_____scary.A. kind of; kinds ofB. kinds of, kind ofC. kinds of; kinds of( ) 22. --- Listen! Someone___ in the classroom.______beautiful voice! It must be Lucy.A. is singing; What aB. sings, WhatC. is singing; How( ) 23. Tom with his family often______me________English.A. help; withB. helps studyingC. helps, with( ) 24.-- Can you tell me_____ it takes to reach your school from your home?-- Yes, about fifteen minutes.A. how muchB. how longC. how far( ) 25---What's your favorite subject?---Music. It's_______and light music is very________to me.A. relaxed; interestingB. relaxing; interestedC. relaxing; interesting( ) 26. --Would you like to_______ us in the English speech match?--- Of course. I_______an English dub and I believe I can get a good result in the match.A. join; join inB. join; joinC. take part in; join( ) 27. --- What time do you usually get up?--- At about half______sixA. toB. atC. past() 28. ---What do you think of your English teacher?--- She is______the children.A. good withB. good atC. good for( ) 29.--______ ?---At six o'clock.A. What's the time now?B. Do you have breakfast at six o'clock?C. What time do you have breakfast?()30.--How__________ your weekend?--- It was great! I had_______fun in Susan's party.A. was; much tooB. is; too manyC. was, too much()31.Icanlearn______from this TV program.A. quite a lotB. quite a fewC. quitea lot of( ) 32. Harbin is becoming a very famous city. The number of visitors is becomingA. larger and largerB. much and muchC. more and morelarge( ) 33. Before we make dumplings, we must____ the meat and put some vegetables init.A.cutupB. cut downC. cut off( ) 34. There is_______milk in the fridge. Let's go to the supermarket and buy some.A.alittleB. littleC. a few()35.--___?--- Not much.A. What are you doing?B. How's everything going?C. How do you go to school?( ) 36. Jack stands_____ his birthday cake and___. He hopes to make his dreams cometrue.A. in the front of; makes a friendB. in front of; makes a wishC. in the front of; makes a decision() 37. Tom, you study hard at your lessons and help other students with their study.____I think you do a good job these days.A. All in allB. In the wordC. At first( ) 38. In China, people usually eat______for their birthday because they are symbolsof long life and good luck.A. birthday cakesB. long noodles and eggsC. candies( ) 39. Good study habits are very useful. You'd better_________when you prepare for a testto get good results.①get all of the proper materials including books, pencils and paper ready②not have a rest every hour to make you feel less tired③come up with study questions and try not to answer them④try marking some of the topics mentioned in the book.⑤underline the words that you do not understandA.①③⑤B.①④⑤C.②④⑤( ) 40. Here is a survey (调查) about how 1,000 students from No.2 Middle School go toschool on weekdays. One third of the students going to school by bike are girls. Then二、完形填空(本题共10分,每小题1分)Do you have your own WeChat? Do you often_ 41_ others' WeChat on the mobilephone?All over the world, not only famous person but also many studentsuse WeChat asdiariesand places to share their experiences and_42_advice."I write my activities every day, like funny things or worries in my life." says Lucy, a__ 43_high schoolstudent at Cambridge High School. "I like posting pictures on my WeChat becauseit can make my WeChat more__ 44_ and more people will like it. It's a good wayto__ 45_my life to others." She has had her WeChat for more than three years.Students like writing WeChat__ 46_ they can write anything they want to, but don'tneed to_47_anymoney.Once you start to have your WeChat, you will_48_ that you open up a new world.Butwhat you write down may trouble you _49_Therefore, use the WeChat carefully_50_ you can keep yourself away from some trouble. The WeChat makes our life colorful.根据短文内容选择最佳答案:( ) 41. A. writeB. readC. look()42.A.blowoutB. look forC. ask for()43.A.16yearsoldB.16-years oldC.16-year- old( ) 44. A. interestedB. smartC. popular()45.A.bring.B. showC. send( ) 46. A. becauseB. but C. though()47.A.takeB. saveC. spend( ) 48. A. thinkB. findC. wish( ) 49. A. sometimesB. neverC. always()50.A.sothatB. even thoughC. in order三、阅读理解(本题共20分,每小题1分)( A)Do you like traveling? If so, come to our travel service.根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案。
2020-2021学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市八年级上期中数学试卷(附答案解析)
2020-2021学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市八年级上期中数学试卷一.选择题(共10小题,满分30分,每小题3分)1.下列图形中,对称轴最少的图形是()A.B.C.D.2.下列计算正确的是()A.(a3)4=a12B.a3•a2=a6C.3a•4a=12a D.a6÷a2=a3 3.在平面直角坐标系中,点A关于x轴的对称点为A1(3,﹣2),则点A的坐标为()A.(﹣3,﹣2)B.(3,2)C.(3,﹣2)D.(﹣3、2)4.若x2+mx+9=(x+3)2,则m的值是()A.﹣18B.18C.﹣6D.65.等腰三角形的周长为14cm,其中一边长为4cm,则该等腰三角形的腰长为()A.4cm B.5cm C.4cm或5cm D.4cm或6cm 6.若x2+mx+49是一个完全平方式,那么m的值为()A.7B.14C.﹣14D.±147.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC,D是BC中点,下列结论中不正确的是()A.∠B=∠C B.AD⊥BC C.AD平分∠BAC D.AB=2BD8.如图,△ABC中,AB=AC,腰AB的垂直平分线DE交AB于点E,交AC于点D,且∠DBC=15°,则∠A的度数是()A.50°B.36°C.40°D.45°9.从边长为a的正方形内去掉一个边长为b的小正方形(如图1),然后将剩余部分剪拼成一个矩形(如图2),上述操作所能验证的等式是()A.(a﹣b)2=a2﹣2ab+b2B.a2﹣b2=(a+b)(a﹣b)C.(a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2D.a2+ab=a(a+b)10.如图,在4×4方格中,以AB为一边,第三个顶点也在格点上的等腰三角形可以作出()A.7个B.6个C.4个D.3个二.填空题(共10小题,满分30分,每小题3分)11.已知单项式3x2y3与﹣5x2y2的积为mx4y n,那么m﹣n=.12.计算:(−12a2b)3=.13.已知a m=2,a n=5,则a m+n=.14.若(x+2)(2x﹣n)=2x2+mx﹣2,则m+n=.15.如图,在第1个△A1BC中,∠B=30°,A1B=CB;在边A1B上任取一点D,延长CA1到A2,使A1A2=A1D,得到第2个△A1A2D;在边A2D上任取一点E,延长A1A2到A3,使A2A3=A2E,得到第3个△A2A3E,…按此做法继续下去,则第n个三角形中以A n为顶点的底角度数是.。
20~21年度上学期萧红九年开学测
萧红中学2021届八年级8月份教学质量监测数学学科时间:120分钟总分:120分命题人:张利民★同学们,请将所有试题答案完整书写在“答题页”上,否则无效。
★一、选择题 (每小题3分,共30分)1.下列式子的结果是负数的是().(A)-|-3| (B)-(-3)(C)(-3)2(D)02.下列运算中,正确的是( ).(A)632)(aa=(B)422aaa=+(C)222)(baba-=-(D)2222a a a⋅= 3.下列四个“QQ表情”图片中,是轴对称图形的是().4.下列各数据中,能作为直角三角形三边长的是().(A)8,7,4===cba(B)5,4,3===cba(C)25,23,5===cba(D)3,1,1===cba5.在平面直角坐标系中,一次函数y=2x—5的图象不经过().(A)第一象限(B)第二象限(C)第三象限(D)第四象限6.点A(﹣5,y1)和B(﹣2,y2)都在直线y=﹣3x上,则y1与y2的关系是().(A)y1≤y2(B)y1=y2(C)y1<y2(D)y1>y27. 若x=-1是关于x的一元二次方程x2+3x+m+1=0的一个解.则另一个解是(). (A)0 (B)2 (C)-3 (D)-28.如图,在□ABCD中,∠A的平分线AE交CD于点E,若AB=5,BC=3,则EC的长().(A)1 (B)1.5 (C)2 (D)3DBA(第8题图)9.如图,点F 是ABCD 的边CD 上一点,直线BF 交AD 的延长线与点E ,则下列结论错误的是( ).(A)EA ED =AB DF (B) BC DE =FB EF (C) DE BC =BE BF (D) BE BF =AE BC10.小娜驾车从哈尔滨到大庆.设她出发第xmin 时的速度为ykm/h,图中的折线表示她在整个驾车过程中y 与x 之间的函数关系式. 下列说法: (1)在77≤x ≤88时,小娜在休息; (2) 小娜驾车的最高速度是120km/h ; (3)小娜出发第16.5min 时的速度为48km/h ; (4)如果汽车每行驶100km 耗油10升,那么 小娜驾车在33≤x ≤66时耗油6.6升. 其中正确的个数是( ).(A )1个 (B )2个 (C )3个 (D )4个二、填空题 (每小题3分,共30分)11.在“百度”搜索引擎中输入“萧红”,能搜索到与之相关的结果个数约为202000,这个数用科学记数法表示为 .12.函数y=xx 281-+的自变量的取值范围是 . 13.计算8812-的结果是 . 14. 把多项式a 3-4a 2b+4ab 2分解因式的结果是 .15.不等式组210353x x x x >-⎧⎨+⎩≥的解集为 . 16.方程21x x =+的解是 . 17.将函数35-=x y 的图象平移,使它经过点(0,6),则平移后直线的函数关系式为__________.y x –2424487296120144–22–11112233445566778899110O (第10题图) (第9题图)18. 如图所示,四边形ABCD 中,∠B =90°,AB =2,CD =8,AC ⊥CD ,若,31sin =∠ACB 则cos ∠ADC =______.19.如图,在正方形ABCD 中,AB=2,点E 为边BC 中点,P 为正方形边上一点,且PB=AE ,则PE的长为____________.20.如图,在Rt △ABC 中,∠ACB=90°,以AC ,AB 为边作等边三△ADC 和等边△ABE,DE 与AB 交于点F,当BC//AE,BC=6时,求则线段BF 的长为__________.三、解答题(21~22题各题7分,23~24题各题8分,25~27题各l0分,共计60分)21.(本题7分)先化简,再求代数式(44422+--x x x -22+-x x )÷2-x x 的值,其中x=4cos30°一2tan45°.22.(本题7分)如图,图1和图2都是7×4正方形网格,每个小正方形的边长是1,请按要求画出下列图形,所画图形的各个顶点均在所给小正方形的顶点上.(1)在图1中画出一个等腰直角△ABC ,并直接写出△ABC 的周长;(2)在图2中画出一个钝角△ABD ,使△ABD 的面积是3.(第20题图) (第18题图) (第22题图)E D (第19题图)萧红中学开展以“我最喜爱的职业”为主题的调查活动,围绕“在演员、教师、医生、律师、公务员共五类职业中,你最喜爱哪一类?(必选且只选一类)”的问题,在全校范围内随机抽取部分学生进行问卷调查,将调查结果整理后绘制成如图所示的不完整的统计图,请你根据图中提供的信息回答下列问题:(1)本次调查共抽取了多少名学生?(2)求在被调查的学生中,最喜爱教师职业的人数,并补全条形统计图;(3)若萧红中学共有2100名学生,请你估计该中学最喜爱律师职业的学生有多少名?24.(本题8分)已知:如图,在正方形ABCD中,点E在边CD上,AQ⊥BE于点Q,DP⊥AQ于点P.(1)求证:AP=BQ;(2)在不添加任何辅助线的情况下,请直接写出图中四对线段,使每对中较长线段与较短线段长度的差等于PQ的长.(第23题图)(第24题图)植树节期间,某单位欲购进A、B两种树苗,若购进A种树苗3棵,B种树苗5棵,需2100元,若购进A种树苗4棵,B种树苗10棵,需3800元.(1)求购进A、B两种树苗的单价;(2)若该单位准备用不多于8000元的钱购进这两种树苗共30棵,求A种树苗至少要购进多少棵?26.(本题10分)如图1,在□ABCD中,AC、BD相交于O,过O作OG⊥AC交BC于G,连接AG.(1)求证:AC平分∠DAG;(2)如图2,把△AOB沿OA翻折得到△AOE,连接DE,求证:ED∥AC;(3)如图3,连接CE交AD于F点,交BD于H点,若∠ABC=60°,AB=4,BC=6,求EH的长.(第26题图1) (第26题图2)(第26题图3)27.(本题10分)如图1,在平面直角坐标系中,点O 为坐标原点,直线343+=x y 交x 轴于A ,交y 轴于C ,直线BC 与x 轴交于点B,且点B 与点A 关于y 轴对称,直线BF 交y 轴于点F ,且338=∆BOF S . (1)求直线BC 的解析式; (2)E 为BF 上一点,连接AE 、CE ,设点E 的横坐标为t ,△ACE 的面积为S ,求S 与t 的关系式;(3)如图2,在(2)的条件下,点D 在OC 上,取CE 的中点M ,点D 在AM 上方,连接DM ,若∠CAD=∠BAE ,DM:BE=23,求E 点坐标.(第27题图1) (第27题图2)。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学校2024-2025学年八年级上学期9月月考英语试题(含答案)
萧红中学2024—2025学年度上学期八学年上·英语 学科·阶梯作业第一部分 听力理解(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)第一节 听下面五个句子,从每小题所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选择最佳答语。
每个句子读两遍。
( ) 1. A. By bus. B. At a quarter past seven C. In the dining hall ( ) 2. A. Twelve. B. I’m fine. C. On foot.( ) 3. A. In Beijing. B. At seven o’clock. C. He usually takes a walk.( ) 4. A. Monday.B. May 1st.C. In March.() 5. A. With my friend. B. In the park.C. At 6 o’clock.第二节 听下面五段短对话,从每小题所给的A 、B 、C 三幅图片中选择与听到的信息相关联的一项。
每段对话读两遍。
( ) 6. A. B. C.( ) 7. A. B. C.( ) 8. A. B. C.( ) 9. A. B. C.( ) 10. A. B. C.第三节 听下面一段长对话,将A 部分内容与B 部分内容进行匹配,对话读两遍。
A () 11. Tom goes to school ________( ) 12. Alice goes to school ________( ) 13. Tom’s father goes to work ________( ) 14. Tom’s mother goes to work ________() 15. Tom’s brother goes to work ________B A. at 7:40B. at 8:00C. at 7:30D. at 10:15E. at 7:50第四节 听下面一段独白,从每小题所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选择最佳答案。
2024-2025学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学八年级上学期期中测试物理试题
2024-2025学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学八年级上学期期中测试物理试题1.关于一些物理量的估计,下列数据最接近实际的是()A.你的脉搏每跳动一次的时间约1min B.物理课本中一张纸的厚度约为1mm C.中学生使用的课桌高度大约80cm D.人正常步行1min约能走2km2.关于误差,下列说法正确的是()A.测量时为了减小误差可以多估读几位B.测量时通过多次测量求平均值的方法可以减小误差C.测量的数值和真实值可能完全相同,所以误差是可以避免的D.测量时所用的测量仪器越精密,测量结果错误越小3.下列例子中,与其它的运动形式不同的是()A.猎豹奔跑B.花香扑鼻C.车流滚滚D.飞船翱翔4.如图所示,小明在“测平均速度”的实验中,使小车从斜面A点静止下滑,经过B点到达C点,图中已标出小车经过A、B、C三点对应时刻。
下列说法中正确的是()A.段距离为B.段平均速度为C.小车从点到点做匀速直线运动D.若小车过A点后才开始计时,测出段平均速度将偏大5.下列实验和实例中,能说明声音的产生或传播条件的一组是()①把发声的音叉放进水盆里看到溅出水花;②二胡发声时用手按住琴弦,琴声就消失了;③拿一张硬纸片,让它在木梳齿上划过,一次快些,一次慢些,比较两次的不同;④在月球上的宇航员,对着对方“大声说话”,对方也不能听到声音。
A.①②③B.①②④C.②③④D.①③④6.如图所示的光现象中,与小孔成像原理相同的是()A.手影B.凸面镜C.水中倒影D.筷子“变弯”7.甲、乙两辆汽车在某段公路上行驶,它们的路程s随时间t变化的关系如图所示,下列说法正确的是()A.0~10min,甲车平均速度大于乙车平均速度B.10~20min,甲车相对于地面静止、乙车相对于地面运动C.20~30min,甲车平均速度大于乙车平均速度D.0~30min,甲、乙两车平均速度均为1km/min8.如图是几个关于声现象的实验,下列说法正确的是()A.图甲:悬挂在细线下的乒乓球靠近发声的音叉时被弹开,说明发声体在振动B.图乙:用大小不同的力弹动紧压在桌边的刻度尺,观测者听见声音的音调不同C.图丙:玻璃罩中的空气被逐渐抽出,观测者听到闹钟发出的声音响度不变D.图丁:放在正在播放音乐的扩音器前的蜡烛烛焰摆动,说明声能传递信息9.传说中有一种鸟叫衔枝鸟,它能靠一小截树枝成功地飞越太平洋。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学2024-2025学年八年级上学期开学测试数学试题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学2024-2025学年八年级上学期开学测试数学试题一、单选题1.下列方程中,是二元一次方程的是( ). A .1xy = B .31y x =- C .12x y+= D .1x y z ++=2.如果0c ≠,则下列各式中一定正确的是( ) A .23c c +<+B .23c c -<-C .2c c >D .21c c> 3.下列选项中,给出的三条线段不能组成三角形的是( )A .2.535,, B .7,6,12C .3a -,a ,()33a >D .a ,4a +,()62a a +>4.下列条件中,能判定△ABC ≌△DEF 的是( ) A .AB DE BC ED A D ==∠=∠,, B .A D C F AC EF ∠=∠∠=∠=,, C .B E A D AC EF ∠=∠∠=∠=,,D .BE A D AB DE ∠=∠∠=∠=,,5.以39y x y x =-+⎧⎨=-⎩的解为坐标的点(),x y 在平面直角坐标系中的位置是( )A .第一象限B .第二象限C .第三象限D .第四象限6.组成不等式组的两个不等式的解集在数轴上表示如图所示,这个不等式组的解集是( ).A .3x ≤B .1x >-C .13x -<<D .13x -<≤7.舟山少体校要从甲、乙、丙、丁四位运动员中选拔一位成绩较为稳定的选手参加省射击比赛.测得的四位选手10次射击平均成绩和方差数据如右表所示,判断哪位学生参加比赛较为合适( )A .甲B .乙C .丙D .丁8.一个笼子装有鸡和兔,共有10个头,34只脚,每只鸡有两只脚,每只兔有四只脚.设鸡有x 只,兔有y 只,则可列二元一次方程组( )A .10,4234x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩B .10,2234x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩C .10,4434x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩D .10,2434x y x y +=⎧⎨+=⎩9.如图,ABC ADE △≌△,若80B ∠=︒,30E ∠=︒,:5:2DAB DAC ∠∠=,AC 与DE 交于点F ,则EFC ∠的度数为( )度A .75B .80C .60D .7010.对于一组数据 3,3,2,3,6,3,10,3,6,3,2,下列结论正确的有( ). ①这组数据的众数是3;②这组数据的众数与中位数的数值相等; ③这组数据的中位数与平均数的数值相等; ④这组数据的平均数与众数的数值相等.A .1个B .2个C .3个D .4个二、填空题11.已知方程34y x +=,用含y 的代数式表示x ,则x =. 12.x 的3倍减去2的差不大于0,列出不等式是.13.空调安装在墙上时,一般都会采用如图所示的方法固定,这种方法应用的几何原理是.14.正多边形的一个的内角是108︒,则这个多边形的边数是.15.如图,在△ABC 中,∠BAC =40°,∠B =75°,AD 是△ABC 的角平分线,则∠ADB 的度数为度.16.若方程3mx y -=的一个解是21x y =-⎧⎨=⎩,则m =.17.某试卷共有50道选择愿,每道题选对得4分,选错了或者不选扣2分,至少要选对道题,其得分才能不少于120分.18.对于实数a b ,,定义运算“※”:())ab a b a a b <⎧=≥※,例如23-※,因为23-<,所以23236-=-⨯=-※.若,x y 满足方程组48229x y x y -=-⎧⎨+=⎩,则x y =※.19.AD 为△ABC 的中线,AE 为△ABC 的高,△ABD 的面积为10,AE =5,CE =1,则DE 的长为.20.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,C (4,4),点B ,A 分别在x 轴正半轴和y 轴正半轴上,∠ACB =90°,则OA +OB =.三、解答题 21.解方程组(1)32146x y x y +=⎧⎨-=-⎩ (2)()325223228x y x x y x +=+⎧⎨+=+⎩22.解不等式(组)(1)11332x x -+>- (2)()324134x x x x ⎧+<+⎪⎨+≤⎪⎩23.已知DEF V 中,DE DF =,90EDF ∠=︒,点A 、B 在DEF V 外,AE AB ⊥,FB AB ⊥.(1)如图1,求证:ADE BFD V V ≌;(2)如图2,若1AE =,3AB =,沿DE 翻折ADE V 得到CDE V ,CD 交EF 于点G ,作F H C D ⊥于点H ,请直接写出除AE 外长度为1的所有线段.24.某校为了解学生的身高情况,对本校学生进行了抽样调查.已知抽取的样本中男生和女生的人数相同,利用所得数据绘制成如下所示的统计图表: 身高情况分组表(单位:cm )男生身高情况频数分布直方图 女生身高情况扇形统计图根据图表提供的信息,回答下列问题:(1)在样本中,男生身高的众数在______组,中位数在______组; (2)在样本中,女生身高在E 组的人数为______;(3)已知该校共有男生400人、女生500人,请估计该校身高在160cm 170cm x ≤<之间的学生共有多少人.25.在高速铁路建设中,某渣土运输公司承包了某标段的土方运输任务,拟派出大、小两种型号的渣土运输车运输土方.已知2辆大型渣土运输车与3辆小型渣土运输车一次共运输土方31吨,5辆大型渣土运输车与6辆小型渣土运输车一次共运输土方70吨. (1)一辆大型渣土运输车和一辆小型渣土运输车一次各运输土方多少吨;(2)该渣土运输公司决定派出大、小两种型号渣土运输车共20辆参与运输土方,若每次运输土方总量不小于148吨,大型渣土运输车至少派出多少辆. 26.课外兴趣小组活动时,老师提出了如下问题:如图,ABC V 中,若8AB =,6AC =,求BC 边上的中线AD 的取值范围.小明在组内经过合作交流,得到了如下的解决方法:延长AD 到点E ,使D E A D =,请根据小明的方法思考:(1)由已知和作图能得到ADC EDB V V ≌的理由是______. A .SSS B .SAS C .AAS D . HL (2)求得AD 的取值范围是______.A .68AD <<B .68AD ≤≤C .17AD << D .17AD ≤≤【感悟】解题时,条件中若出现“中点”“中线”字样,可以考虑延长中线构造全等三角形,把分散的已知条件和所求证的结论集合到同一个三角形中. 【方法应用】(3)如图,在四边形ABCD 中,AB CD ∥,点E 是BC 的中点,若AE 是BAD ∠的平分线,试猜想线段AB AD DC 、、之间的数量关系,并证明你的猜想;【拓展延伸】(4)如图,已知AB CF ∥,点E 是BC 的中点,点D 在线段AE 上,EDF BAE ∠=∠,若5AB =,2CF =,求出线段DF 的长.+27.在平面直角坐标系中,点A 坐标(),0m ,点B 坐标 0,m ,连接AB ,若m 为正整数,且m 满足不等式组70101x x ->⎧⎨->⎩.(1)如图1,求ABO V 的面积;(2)如图2,点C 在x 轴负半轴,OC OA <,连接BC ,过点A 作BC 的垂线交y 轴于点D ,垂足为E ,设点C 的横坐标为t ,ABD △的面积为S ,请用含t 的式子表示S ;(3)如图3,在(2)的条件下,点P 在线段AD 上,连接BP ,BP AD =.当2BPE CBO ∠=∠时,求t 值.。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学校2024~2025学年八年级上学期9月月考数学试题[含答案]
A.12
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9.在某草原上,有两条交叉且笔直的公路 OA 、 OB ,如图, ÐAOB = 30° ,在两条公路之间
的点 P 处有一个草场, OP = 4 .现在在两条公路上各有一户牧民在移动放牧,分别记为 M 、
N ,存在 M 、 N 使得 V PMN 的周长最小.则 V PMN 周长的最小值是(
②如图 5,在 V ABC 中, AB = AC , ÐB = b ,点 D , E 分别为边 BC , AC 上的点,
AD = AE ,若 ÐBAD = 22° ,则 ÐEDC = .
(4)【边角规律再探】
如图,V ABC 中,CA = CB ,D 在 V ABC 外,ÐDCA = 2ÐDBA = 60° ,CH ^ AB 于 H ,交 BD
试卷第 5 页,共 7 页
23.如图是 4×4 正方形网格,其中已有 3 个小方格涂成了黑色.现在要从其余 13 个白色小
方格中选出一个涂成黑色,使整个涂成黑色的图形成为轴对称图形.在下面每个网格中画出
一种符合要求的图形.
24.绍云中学计划为绘画小组购买某种品牌的 A、B 两种型号的颜料,若购买 1 盒 A 种型号
ÐA + ÐABC + ÐC = x + 2 x + 2 x = 180° ,解得 x = 36° ,所以,在 V ABC 中, ÐA = 36° ,
ÐABC = ÐC = 72° .
试卷第 6 页,共 7 页
(2)【教材习题展示】
①如图 2,在 V ABC 中, AB = AD = DC ,若 ÐBAD = 26° ,则 ÐC = ;
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期月考物理试卷(10月份)(含解析)
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期月考物理试卷(10月份)(解析版)一、单项选择题(每小题2分,共20分。
每小题有一个选项是正确的)1.(2分)以下测量工具与所测物理量对应不正确的是( )A.电子停表——测速度B.卷尺——测长度C.温度计——测温度D.量杯——测体积2.(2分)“估测”是物理学中常用的一种方法。
同学尝试估测了身边的一些物理量,其中不合理的是( )A.中学生身高165cmB.中学生脉搏跳动约为70次/sC.中学生步行的速度1.2m/sD.课桌的高度80cm3.(2分)通过下列哪个现象,我们可以知道分子在不断地运动( )A.树叶飘落B.雪花飞舞C.大雾漫天D.花香袭人4.(2分)2020年春节期间爆发的新型冠状病毒疫情引起了全球广泛关注。
如图所示,冠状病毒颗粒的平均直径为100nm,呈球形或椭圆形。
下列关于该病毒直径的单位换算正确的是( )A.100nm=100nm×10﹣3μm=0.1μmB.100nm=100×10﹣9m=10﹣7mC.100nm=100×10﹣6=10﹣4mmD.100nm=100nm×10﹣12=10﹣10km5.(2分)下列有关测量的说法中正确的是( )A.测量时只要认真遵守操作规程,误差是可以避免的B.读数时,估读位数越多就越准确C.测量过程中误差是不能避免的,只能尽量减小D.多次测量取平均值能够消灭测量的误差6.(2分)小泽用同一刻度尺测量同一课桌的宽度4次,结果分别为48.13cm、48.31cm、48.10cm、48.11cm,下列说法正确的是( )A.该测量结果中没有错误数据B.最后结果应记作48.11cmC.48.10cm中最后一位“0”可以去掉D.此刻度尺的分度值是1cm7.(2分)如图所示,在小车上放一个玩具小人,用手缓慢拉动小车,下列说法正确的( )A.小人相对于桌面是静止的B.小人相对于地面是静止的C.小车相对于桌面是静止的D.车上的玩具小人相对于车是静止的8.(2分)关于声现象,下列说法正确的是( )A.声音只可以在空气中传播B.声波可以传递能量C.声音在真空中传播的速度最快D.只要物体振动,我们就一定能听到声音9.(2分)小泽用一把刻度尺测量物体的长度时,他的测量方法如图所示,下列选项是同学指出小泽测量中的四个错误之处( )A.尺应该沿着被测物体B.刻度尺没有紧贴被测长度C.零刻线或某刻度线没有对齐被测长度的一端D.视线没有和尺面平行10.(2分)如图是同学在参加萧红中学百米赛跑的运动过程,下列描述中错误的一项是( )A.图中同学跑完全程的平均速度是8m/sB.裁判员听到发令枪的声音才开始计时,得到的结果属于测量误差C.以地面为参照物,该同学是运动的D.图中运动员在相等的时间内通过的路程不相等,做变速直线运动二、双项选择题(每小题2分,共4分。
黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学2024一2025学年八年级上学期期中英语试题(含答案,无听力音频听力原文)
萧红中学2024—2025学年度上学期八学年上·英语学科·期中测试第一部分听力部分(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)Ⅰ. 听句子,选择你听到的单词或短语。
听一遍。
(5分)1. A. news B. sitcoms C. game shows2. A. watch B. stand C. expect3. A. bookshop B. party C. concert4. A. grandmother B. grandfather C. Lee Tong5. A. football B. basketball C. table tennisⅡ. 听对话,选择最佳答语。
听两遍。
(5分)6. Is Jack's favourite subject history?A. Yes, it is.B. No, he likes chemistry best.C. He likes maths very much.7. Is it eight o'clock now?A. No, it's 7: 20.B. No, it's 7: 30.C. Yes, it is.8. Why do they buy a book as Lucy's birthday present?A. Because she likes writing.B. Because she likes Harry Potter.C. Because she likes reading.9. What doesn't Mary often have for dinner?A. Beef.B. Chicken.C. Potatoes.10. Does the girl like doing homework on Sundays?A. No, she likes doing housework.B. No, she likes playing.C. No, she likes watching TV. Ⅲ. 听对话,选择最佳答案。
萧红中学2021届化学科基础测试
萧红中学2021届化学学科基础测试试题可能用到的相对原子质量:H-1 C112 0-16 S-32 Cl-35.5 Na-23 Ca-40 Fe-56 CI-35.5一、选择题(1题-20题,每题2分,共40分,每小题只有一个正确选项)1.化学使世界变得更加绚丽多彩,人类的衣、食、住、行都离不开化学。
下列有关叙述不属化学对人类的贡献的是()2.下列物质的用途错误的是()+)含有电子的数目是()3.—个铵根离子(NH4A.1个B.10个C.12个D.17个4.下列有关科学家对化学方面的贡献中说法错误的是()A.门捷列夫发现了元素周期律,并编制出元素周期表B.拉瓦锡得出了空气是甶氧气、氮气及稀有气体组成的结论C.我国科学家张青莲教授为相对原子质量的测定做出了卓越贡献D.意大利科学家阿伏加德罗创立了分子学说5.下列过程中发生化学变化的是()6.下列叙述正确的是()A.同一种物质在固态、液态和气态时所占体积不同B.同种元素组成的物质一定是纯净物C.最外层电子数少于4个的原子,一定是金属元素的原子D.元素的原子的电子层数一定等于其元素所在周期数7.下列四个图像能正确反映对应变化关系的是()8.针对下列事实解释错误的是()选项事实解释A 哈尔滨的春天到处可闻到丁香花香分子是不断地运动的B 用扫描隧道显微镜能拍摄到苯分子分子很小,而且是真实存在的C 水通电分解生成氢气和氧气分子可分,原子不可分D 湿衣服在夏天比冬天干的快温度升高,分子能量增大,运动速率加快A.图中粒子共能表示四种元素B.图中d粒子在化学反应中易失去电子C.图中b粒子的化学符号为Mg2+D.图中表示阴离子的是c、e10.下图所示物质的用途主要利用其化学性质,但不发生化学变化的是()11.下列关于能源与资源的说法错误的是()A.海洋中含有80多种元素B.可利用淡水资源只约占全球水储量的2.53%C.空气是重要的自然资源,其中氮气的体积分数约为78%D.地壳中含量最多的金属元素是铝12.下列实验基本操作不规范的是()13.下列应用和相应的原理(用化学方程式表示)及基本反应类型都正确的是()A.加热氢氧化铜制氧化铜: Cu(OH)2CuO + H20 分解反应B.用天然气作燃料: 2C0 + 02C02化合反应C.用氢氧化钠溶液吸收二氧化硫气体: 2NaOH + S02 =Na2S03+ H2O 复分解反应D.用铁桶配制农药波尔多液: Fe + CuS04 = FeS04+ Cu 置换反应14.下列操作错误的是()A.试管夹夹持试管时要从试管的底部套上,取下B.过滤时漏斗末端管尖要紧靠烧杯内壁C.烧得很热的玻璃仪器,不要立即放在实验台上D.给试管内的物质加热时,一定要将试管口略向下倾斜15.工业酒精中因含有有毒的甲醇而不能饮用,甲醇分子结构如下图所示,关于甲醇的下列叙述错误的是()A.甲醇由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成B.甲醇分子是由碳、氢、氧原子组成C.甲醇中所含的质子数和电子数一定相等D.1个甲醇分子中含有6个原子核选项需区分的物质方法1 方法2A 过氧化氢溶液和水取样,分别加入二氧化锰, 观察现象取样,分别加入硫酸铜溶液,观察现象B 铁粉和木炭粉取样,分别用磁铁吸引,观察现象取样,分别加稀硫酸,观察现象C 酒精和醋酸闻气味取样,分别滴无色酚酞溶液,观察现象D 硬水和蒸馏水分别取样,蒸干观察分别取样,加入等质量的肥皂水搅拌,观察现象A.t1℃时,甲、乙的溶解度相等B.t2℃时,甲的溶解度为50C.甲中混有少量的乙时,可用降温结晶的方法提纯甲D.t1℃时,甲、乙两种饱和溶液恒温蒸发等质量的水,析出晶体质量相等18.下列各组物质中,按单质、化合物、混合物顺序排列的是()A.天然气、乙醇、液化石油气B.氦气、浓硫酸、胆矾C.金属汞、熟石灰、液态空气D.金刚石、石灰石、赤铁矿选项物质杂质试剂操作方法A CaO CaCO3稀盐酸加入适量的稀盐酸,蒸发B MnO2KCl03无把混合物放在试管中加热,使之充分反应C Fe CuSO4蒸馏水加入足量的蒸馏水充分溶解后,过滤,将滤渣晾干D Cu Cu0 稀盐酸向混合物中加足量的稀盐酸,充分反应后,过滤,将滤渣洗涤干燥氢元素的质量分数为0.4%,碳元素的质量分数为2.4%。
2023-2024学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学校八年级上学期期中测试英语试题
2023-2024学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学校八年级上学期期中测试英语试题1. Which of the following words has a different sound from the underlined letter of the word“r e porter”?A.fr e sh B.pr e tty C.b e cause2. Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound?A.bo th no th ing B.r ea dy r ea ch C.w o rse b o red3. Which word of the following doesn’t have the same stress as the others?A.Below B.Mirror C.Program4. Now he is ________ artist. I have known him since he was ________ 8-year-old boy. Though he is famous now, we are still good friends.A.a, an B.an, a C.an, an5. —Why did Tom do that?—I don’t know, either. But I’m sure he had his ________.A.habits B.messages C.reasons6. In fact, listening is just as ________ as speaking in language learning.A.important B.more important C.the most important7. —Would you mind my ________ your computer here? Mine doesn’t work.—Go ahead. Please remember to turn it off after you use itA.use B.to use C.using8. —If you work ________ , you’ll make ________ mistakes in your class.—I will remember that.A.most carefully, the fewest B.more carefully, the least C.most careless, the most 9. —Do you know what ________ to John just now?—He didn’t do his homework after school, so his mother punished (惩罚) him.A.happen B.is happening C.happened10. —Did you plan ________ England when you are in Europe?—Yes, of course.A.visited B.to visit C.visit11. —Jackie Chan is famous ________ his films.—I can’t agree with you more. He is famous ________ a film star.A.as, for B.for, as C.for, to12. —________ do you think of the football match?—It’s perfect. It’s more exciting than ________ match that I have ever watched.A.How, any other B.What, the other C.What, any other13. You must work ________ if you want to improve (提高) your English.A.enough hard B.hard enough C.hardly enough14. You can make more friends ________ you are kind and outgoing in the camp.A.as long as B.although C.as soon as15. —How do you like the soap opera?—________. It’s really boring.A.Yes, I like it B.I don’t mind it C.I can’t stand itAre you sorry for not traveling during the National Day holiday? If you stay at home, I think you are very _________. Why? Because there are too many people _________. In _________ places of interest in China it’s too crowded _________ anything.For example, there were so many people on the Great wall _________ October 1st. You couldn’t even take photos for _________ or your friends. My friends told me they could see _________ but many people on the Great Wall. “We couldn’t _________ if the people _________ us didn’t walk,” he said. He showed me a __________ taken on the Great Wall. In the photo, I hardly found him,__________ there were too many people.So some people give advice that we shouldn’t have the golden week (黄金周) __________. But other people say __________ to this advice. What’s your __________ of it? Are you still__________ now for not traveling during the golden week?16.A.lucky B.sad C.boring17.A.where B.somewhere C.everywhere18.A.a little B.quite a lot C.quite a few19.A.doing B.to do C.do20.A.on B.in C.at21.A.myself B.himself C.yourself 22.A.anything B.everything C.nothing 23.A.read B.walk C.speak 24.A.in front of B.in the front of C.behind 25.A.photo B.book C.diary 26.A.or B.so C.because 27.A.hardly ever B.any more C.in common 28.A.OK B.yes C.no29.A.activity B.idea C.favorite 30.A.sorry B.happy C.excitedInformation about Four Famous Inventions根据表格所提供的信息选择最佳答案31. We can learn about ________ of the famous inventions were invented in the same country.A.three B.four C.two32. The computer was invented in ________.A.Germany B.England C.America33. Of all the inventions above, ________ was invented the earliest.A.computer B.telephone C.airplane34. The car is used for ________.A.saving time to travelB.making travel easierC.getting information from all over the world35. Which of the following is TRUE according to the information in the form?A.The car was invented by Bell in 1885.B.The airplane was invented by Wright brothers in 1903.C.Telephone was invented to help communicate over short distance.A boy lost his arms in a car accident and his father lost his life. So he had to depend on (依靠) the arms of his younger brother’s. Except (除了) writing with his toes (脚趾), he could do nothing in his life. As the two brothers grew up together, they had lots of problems and they were often angry with each other. Then one day, his younger brother left him. So he was very sad and didn’t know what to do.A girl lost her hands because of a fire. Though her elder sister wanted to take care of her, she decided to be completely independent(独立的) . At school, she always studied hard. Once she wrote the following in her diary. “I am lucky. Though I lost my hands, I still have legs. Though my wings (翅膀) are broken, my heart can still fly.”One day, the boy and the girl were both invited(被邀请) to a television show. The host asked them to write something on a piece of paper with their toes. The boy wrote “My younger brother’s arms are my arms,” while the girl wrote “Broken wings, flying heart”.根据短文判断正误(正确填A,错误填B)36. The boy who lost his arms could do everything except writing with his toes.37. The boy and the girl both lost their arms in a car accident.38. The boy’s younger brother helped him at first.39. The girl’s elder sister took care of her all the time.40. The story tells us that we should be optimistic(乐观的) in our life, though we sometimes meet some difficulties.It is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat(喉咙) hurts. You begin to cough (咳嗽) . You have a cold! Could it just be a common cold or the flu(流感) that’s been going around? A cold gives you a runny nose and a cough. But it’s usually easy to deal with. Some people take medicine while others drink warm water or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week. On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. Sometimes it can make people die.According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50,000,000 people from 1918 to 1919.Don’t worry. If you get a flu vaccine (疫苗), it can stop you from getting the virus. Flu vaccines work by giving the body some flu viruses. This makes your body produce antibodies (产生抗体) . So next time you get the flu, the antibodies can help you The flu virus changes every few years. There are so many kinds of flu and the antibodies for one kind of flu can’t help us against all kinds of flu. That’s why we need to get the vaccine every year.Good healthy habits may also help keep you away from a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to do some exercise and eat healthy food.根据短文内容选择最佳答案。
2020-2021学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市八年级上册月考试卷
2020-2021学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市八年级上册月考试卷题号一二三总分得分一、选择题(本大题共10小题,共30.0分)1.下列实数中,−32的倒数是()A. 32B. 23C. −32D. −232.下列计算正确的是()A. 2a−3a=aB. (a3)2=a6C. √−2a=√−2×√aD. a6÷a3=a23.下列图形中,既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是()A. B.C. D.4.如图,把△ABC绕点C顺时针旋转某个角度θ得到△A′B′C,∠A=30°,∠1=70°,则旋转角θ可能等于()A. 40°B. 50°C. 70°D. 100°5.如图,已知∠ACB是⊙O的圆周角,∠ACB=50°,则圆心角∠AOB是().A. 40°B. 50°C. 80°D. 100°6.如图,在矩形ABCD中,AB=3,AD=5,点E在DC上,将矩形ABCD沿AE折叠,点D恰好落在BC边上的点F处,那么cos∠EFC的值是().A. 35B. 45C. 34D. √327.分式方程32x−4−xx−2=12的解为()A. x=52B. x=53C. x=5D. 无解8.如图,一艘海轮位于灯塔P的南偏东45°方向,距离灯塔60海里的A处,它沿正北方向航行一段时间后,到达位于灯塔P的北偏东30°方向上的B处,这时,B处与灯塔P的距离为________A. 30√2海里B. 30√3海里C. 60√2海里D. 60√3海里9.如图,在▱ABCD中,E、F分别是AD、CD边上的点,连接BE、AF,它们相交于点G,延长BE交CD的延长线于点H,下列结论错误的是()A. AEED =BEEHB. EHEB =DHCDC. EGBG =AEBCD. AGFG =BGGH10.A、B两地相距20千米,甲、乙两人都从A地去B地,图中射线l1和l2分别表示甲、乙两人所走路程s(千米)与时间t(小时)之间的关系.下列说法:①乙晚出发1小时;②乙出发3小时后追上甲;③甲的速度是4千米/小时,乙的速度是6千米/小时;④乙先到达B地.其中正确的个数是()A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个二、填空题(本大题共10小题,共30.0分)11.将数字82000000000用科学记数法表示为______.12.函数y=x−1中,自变量x的取值范围是______ .x+113.计算3√2−√24的结果是______.314.分解因式:2a2−4a+2=______.15.不等式组{x−2<53x+6≥0的解集是______.16.某种植基地2016年蔬菜产量为80吨,2018年蔬菜产量达到100吨,求蔬菜产量的年平均增长率,设蔬菜产量的年平均增长率为x,则可列方程为______.17.在Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,AC=12,cosA=12,则sin A等于______________.1318.如图,在▱ABCD中,∠BAD的平分线AE交边CD于点E,AB=5cm,BC=3cm,则EC=______cm.19.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠ACB=90°,AC=6,BC=4,将△ABC绕直角顶点C顺时针旋转90°得到△DEC,若F是DE的中点,连接AF,则AF的长________.20.如图,在Rt△ABC中,∠ABC=90°,AB=BC=√2.将△ABC绕点C逆时针旋转60°,得到△MNC,则AM的长是______.三、解答题(本大题共7小题,共60.0分)21.先化简,再求代数式1x+1−1x2−1÷x+1x2−2x+1的值,其中x=2sin60°−tan45°.22.如图所示,正方形网格中,△ABC为格点三角形(即三角形的顶点都在格点上).(1)把△ABC沿BA方向平移后,点A移到点A1,在网格中画出平移后得到的△A1B1C1;(2)把△A1B1C1绕点A1按逆时针方向旋转90°,在网格中画出旋转后的△A1B2C2;(3)如果网格中小正方形的边长为1,直接写出点B经过(1)、(2)变换的路径总长.23.我省有关部门要求各中小学要把“阳光体育”写入课表,为了响应这一号召,某校围绕着“你最喜欢的体育活动项目是什么?(只写一项)”的问题,对在校学生进行了随机抽样调查,从而得到一组数据,如图1是根据这组数据绘制的条形统计图,请结合统计图回答下列问题:(1)该校对多少名学生进行了抽样调查?(2)本次抽样调查中,最喜欢足球活动的有多少人?占被调查人数的百分比是多少?(3)若该校九年级共有400名学生,图2是根据各年级学生人数占全校学生总人数的百分比绘制的扇形统计图,请你估计全校学生中最喜欢篮球活动的人数约为多少?24.如图,在△ABC中,AD是BC边上的中线,点E是AD的中点,过A点作BC的平行线交BE的延长线于点F,连接CF.(1)求证:AF=DC;(2)若AB⊥AC,试判断四边形ADCF的形状,并证明你的结论;(3)在(2)的条件下,若AB=8,BC=10,且AG⊥CF于G,求AG的长.25.某建设工地一个工程有大量的沙石需要运输.建设公司车队有载重量为8吨和10吨的卡车共12辆,全部车辆一次能运输110吨沙石(1)求建设公司车队载重量为8吨和10吨的卡车各有多少辆?(2)随着工程的进展,车队需要一次运输沙石超过160吨,为了完成任务,准备新增购这两种卡车共6辆,车队最多新购买载重量为8吨的卡车多少辆?26.如图1,直角△ABC中,∠ABC=90°,AB是⊙O的直径,⊙O交AC于点D,取CB的中点E,DE的延长线与AB的延长线交于点P.(1)求证:PD是⊙O的切线;(2)若OB=BP,AD=6,求BC的长;(3)如图2,连接OD,AE相交于点F,若tan∠C=2,求AF的值.FE27.如图,在平面直角坐标系中,一次函数y=kx+b的图象与y轴的正半轴交于点A,与x轴交于点B(2,0),三角形△ABO的面积为2.动点P从点O出发,以每秒1个单位长度的速度在射线OB上运动,动点Q从B出发,沿x轴的正半轴与点P同时以相同的速度运动,过P作PM⊥X轴交直线AB于M.(1)求直线AB的解析式.(2)当点P在线段OB上运动时,设△MPQ的面积为S,点P运动的时间为t秒,求S与t的函数关系式(直接写出自变量的取值范围).(3)过点Q作QN⊥X轴交直线AB于N,在运动过程中(P不与B重合),是否存在某一时刻t(秒),使△MNQ是等腰三角形?若存在,求出时间t值.答案和解析1.【答案】D【解析】解:−32的倒数是−23, 故选:D .根据倒数的意义,可得答案.本题考查了实数的性质,分子分母交换位置是求一个数的倒数的关键.2.【答案】B【解析】解:(A)原式=−a ,故A 错误; (C)√−2没有意义,故C 错误; (D)原式=a 3,故D 错误; 故选:B .根据整式的运算法则即可求出答案.本题考查整式的运算,解题的关键是熟练运用整式的运算法则,本题属于基础题型.3.【答案】D【解析】解:A 、是轴对称图形,不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误; B 、不是轴对称图形,是中心对称图形,故此选项错误; C 、是轴对称图形,不是中心对称图形,故此选项错误; D 、是轴对称图形,也是中心对称图形,故此选项正确; 故选:D .根据轴对称图形与中心对称图形的概念求解.此题主要考查了中心对称图形与轴对称图形的概念.轴对称图形的关键是寻找对称轴,图形两部分折叠后可重合,中心对称图形是要寻找对称中心,旋转180度后两部分重合.4.【答案】A【解析】 【分析】由旋转的性质可得∠A =∠A′=30°,继而根据∠1=∠A′+∠ACA′=70°可得∠θ=∠ACA′=40°.本题主要考查旋转的性质,熟练掌握①对应点到旋转中心的距离相等.②对应点与旋转中心所连线段的夹角等于旋转角.③旋转前、后的图形全等是解题的关键.【解答】解:∵△ABC绕点C顺时针旋转某个角度θ得到△A′B′C,∴∠A=∠A′=30°,又∵∠1=∠A′+∠ACA′=70°,∴∠θ=∠ACA′=40°,故选:A.5.【答案】D【解析】【分析】此题主要考查了圆周角定理的知识点,解题关键点是熟练掌握圆周角定理:一条弧所对圆周角等于它所对圆心角的一半.根据同弧所对圆心角是圆周角2倍,可得∠AOB=2∠ACB=100°,即可解答.【解答】解:∵∠ACB=50°,∴∠AOB=2∠ACB=100°.故选D.6.【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题考查了折叠的性质:折叠是一种对称变换,它属于轴对称,折叠前后图形的形状和大小不变,位置变化,对应边和对应角相等.也考查了矩形的性质和勾股定理.先根据矩形的性质得AD=BC=5,AB=CD=3,再根据折叠的性质得AF=AD=5,EF= DE,在Rt△ABF中,利用勾股定理计算出BF=4,则CF=BC−BF=1,设CE=x,则DE=EF=3−x,然后在Rt△ECF中根据勾股定理得到x2+12=(3−x)2,解方程即可得到x,进一步得到EF的长,再根据余弦函数的定义即可求解.【解答】解:∵四边形ABCD 为矩形, ∴AD =BC =5,AB =CD =3,∵矩形ABCD 沿直线AE 折叠,顶点D 恰好落在BC 边上的F 处, ∴AF =AD =5,EF =DE , 在Rt △ABF 中,∵BF =√AF 2−AB 2=4, ∴CF =BC −BF =5−4=1, 设CE =x ,则DE =EF =3−x , 在Rt △ECF 中, ∵CE 2+FC 2=EF 2,∴x 2+12=(3−x)2,解得x =43, ∴EF =3−x =53,∴cos∠EFC =CFEF =35. 故选A .7.【答案】B【解析】解:原方程可化为:32(x−2)−xx−2=12, 方程的两边同乘2(x −2),得 3−2x =x −2, 解得x =53.检验:把x =53代入2(x −2)=−23≠0. ∴原方程的解为:x =53. 故选:B .观察可得最简公分母是2(x −2),方程两边乘最简公分母,可以把分式方程转化为整式方程求解.本题考查了分式方程的解法,注:(1)解分式方程的基本思想是“转化思想”,把分式方程转化为整式方程求解.(2)解分式方程一定注意要验根.8.【答案】C【解析】【分析】本题考查方向角、直角三角形、锐角三角函数的有关知识.解一般三角形的问题一般可以转化为解直角三角形的问题,解决的方法就是作高线.如图作PE⊥AB于E.在Rt△PAE中,求出PE,在Rt△PBE中,根据PB=2PE即可解决问题.【解答】解:如图作PE⊥AB于E.在Rt△PAE中,∵∠PAE=45°,PA=60n mile,∴PE=AE=√22×60=30√2n mile,在Rt△PBE中,∵∠B=30°,∴PB=2PE=60√2n mile,故选C.9.【答案】C【解析】解:∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形,∴AB//CD,AD//BC,∴△ABE∽△DHE,△ABG∽△FHG,∴AEED =BEEH,EHEB=DHCD,AGFG=BGGH,∴选项A、B、D正确,C错误;故选C.由平行四边形的性质得出AB//CD,AD//BC,证出△ABE∽△DHE,△ABG∽△FHG,得出对应边成比例AEED =BEEH,EHEB=DHCD,AGFG=BGGH,即可得出结论.本题考查了平行四边形的性质、相似三角形的判定与性质、平行线分线段成比例定理;熟练掌握平行四边形的性质是解决问题的关键.10.【答案】C【解析】【分析】本题考查了一次函数的应用,解决本题的关键是读懂函数图象,获取相关信息.观察函数图象,从图象中获取信息,根据速度、路程、时间三者之间的关系即可求得结果.【解答】解:由函数图象可知,乙比甲晚出发1小时,故①正确;乙出发3−1=2小时后追上甲,故②错误;甲的速度为:12÷3=4(千米/小时),乙的速度为:12÷(3−1)=6(千米/小时),故③正确;甲到达B地用的时间为:20÷4=5(小时),乙到达B地用的时间为:20÷6=313(小时),1+313=413<5,∴乙先到达B地,故④正确;正确的有3个.故选C.11.【答案】8.2×1010【解析】解:82000000000=8.2×1010.故答案为:8.2×1010.科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数.确定n的值时,要看把原数变成a时,小数点移动了多少位,n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同.当原数绝对值>1时,n是正数;当原数的绝对值<1时,n是负数.此题考查科学记数法的表示方法.科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数,表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n的值.12.【答案】x≠−1【解析】解:根据题意得:x+1≠0解得:x≠−1.故答案为x≠−1.该函数是分式,分式有意义的条件是分母不等于0,故分母x+1≠0,解得x的范围.本题主要考查函数自变量和分式有意义的条件,当函数表达式是分式时,要注意考虑分式的分母不能为0.13.【答案】−√6【解析】解:原式=3×√63−2√6=√6−2√6=−√6.故答案为:−√6.直接化简二次根式,进而合并得出答案.此题主要考查了二次根式的加减运算,正确化简二次根式是解题关键.14.【答案】2(a−1)2【解析】解:原式=2(a2−2a+1)=2(a−1)2.故答案为:2(a−1)2.原式提取2,再利用完全平方公式分解即可.此题考查了提公因式法与公式法的综合运用,熟练掌握因式分解的方法是解本题的关键.15.【答案】−2≤x<7【解析】解:{x−2<5 ①3x+6≥0 ②由①得,x<7,由②得,x≥−2,故原不等式组的解集为−2≤x<7.故答案为:−2≤x<7.分别求出各不等式的解集,再求出其公共解集即可.本题考查的是解一元一此不等式组,求不等式的公共解,要遵循以下原则:同大取较大,同小取较小,小大大小中间找,大大小小解不了.16.【答案】80(1+x)2=100【解析】【试题解析】解:由题意知,蔬菜产量的年平均增长率为x,根据2016年蔬菜产量为80吨,则2017年蔬菜产量为80(1+x)吨2018年蔬菜产量为80(1+x)(1+x)吨,预计2018年蔬菜产量达到100吨,即:80(1+x)(1+x)=100或80(1+x)2=100.故答案为:80(1+x)2=100.利用增长后的量=增长前的量×(1+增长率),设平均每次增长的百分率为x,根据“从80吨增加到100吨”,即可得出方程.此题考查了由实际问题抽象出一元二次方程(增长率问题).解题的关键在于理清题目的含义,找到2017年和2018年的产量的代数式,根据条件找准等量关系式,列出方程.17.【答案】513【解析】【分析】本题考查锐角三角函数的定义:在直角三角形中,锐角的正弦为对边比斜边,余弦为邻边比斜边,正切为对边比邻边.解答此题可先由cosA=1213,AC=12,得到斜边的长,然后根据勾股定理求得另一直角边的长,然后求出∠A的正弦值即可.【解答】解:如图,Rt△ABC中,∠C=90°,cosA=1213,AC=12,∴12AB =1213,∴AB=13,∴根据勾股定理可得:BC=√AB2−BC2=√132−122=5,∴sinA=BCAB =513.故答案为5.1318.【答案】2【解析】【分析】此题主要考查了角平分线的性质以及平行四边形的性质,正确得出∠ADE=∠DEA是解题关键.直接利用角平分线的性质结合平行四边形的性质得出∠DAE=∠DEA,进而得出答案.【解答】解:∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形,∴AB=DC=5cm,BC=AD=3cm,AB//DC,∴∠BAE=∠DEA,∵∠BAD的平分线AE交边CD于点E,∴∠DAE=∠BAE,∴∠DAE=∠DEA,∴AD=DE=3cm,∴EC=DC−DE=5−3=2(cm).故答案为:2.19.【答案】5【解析】【分析】本题考查旋转的性质,勾股定理,直角三角形的性质,三角形的中位线定理,根据旋转的性质,EC=BC=4,DC=AC=6,∠ACD=∠ACB=90°,由点F是DE的中点,可求出EG、GF,因为AE=AC−EC=2,可求出AG,然后运用勾股定理求出AF.【解答】解:取EC的中点G,根据旋转的性质可知,EC=BC=4,DC=AC=6,∠ACD=∠ACB=90∘,∵点F是DE的中点,点G是EG的中点,∴FG//CD,∴∠ECD=∠AGF=90°,∴GF=12CD=12AC=3,EG=12EC=12BC=2,∵AC=6,EC=BC=4,∴AE=2,∴AG=4,根据勾股定理得AF=√AG2+FG2=√32+42=5.故答案为5.20.【答案】2【解析】【分析】由勾股定理求出CA,由旋转的性质得出CA=CM,∠ACM=60°,证出△ACM为等边三角形,得出AM=CA即可.本题考查了图形的变换−旋转,等腰直角三角形的性质,等边三角形的判定和性质,勾股定理;熟练掌握旋转的性质,证明三角形是等边三角形是解决问题的关键.【解答】解:∵∠ABC=90°,AB=BC=√2,∴CA=√AB2+BC2=2,由旋转的性质得:CA=CM,∠ACM=60°,∴△ACM为等边三角形,∴AM=CA=2;故答案为:2.21.【答案】解:当x=2sin60°−tan45°时,所以x=2×√32−1=√3−1∴原式=1x+1−1(x+1)(x−1)⋅(x−1)2x+1=1x+1−x−1(x+1)2=x+1(x+1)2−x−1(x+1)2=2(x+1)2=23【解析】根据分式的运算法则即可求出答案.本题考查分式的运算法则,解题的关键是熟练运用分式的运算法则,本题属于基础题型.22.【答案】解:(1)连接AA1,然后从C点作AA1的平行线CC1且A1C1=AC.同理找到点B1.(2)△A1B2C2如上图所示.(3)BB1=√22+22=2√2;弧B1B2的长=90π√2180=√2π2.点B所走的路径总长=2√2+√2π2.【解析】(1)利用平移的性质画图,即对应点都移动相同的距离;(2)利用旋转的性质画图,对应点都旋转相同的角度;(3)利用弧长公式求点B经过(1)、(2)变换的路径总长.23.【答案】解:(1)4﹢8﹢10﹢18﹢10=50(名)答:该校对50名学生进行了抽样调查.(2)最喜欢足球活动的有10人,占被调查人数的20%.(3)全校学生人数:400÷(1−30%−24%−26%)=400÷20%=2000(人)则全校学生中最喜欢篮球活动的人数约为2000×1850=720(人).【解析】(1)根据条形图的意义,将各组人数依次相加可得答案;(2)根据表中的数据计算可得答案;(3)用样本估计总体,按比例计算可得.本题考查的是条形统计图和扇形统计图的综合运用.读懂统计图,从不同的统计图中得到必要的信息是解决问题的关键.条形统计图能清楚地表示出每个项目的数据;扇形统计图中各部分占总体的百分比之和为1,直接反映部分占总体的百分比大小.24.【答案】(1)证明:∵AF//BC,∴∠AFE=∠DBE,∵E是AD的中点,AD是BC边上的中线,∴AE=DE,BD=CD,在△AFE和△DBE中∵{∠AFE=∠DBE ∠FEA=∠BED AE=DE,∴△AFE≌△DBE(AAS),∴AF=BD,∴AF=DC;(2)四边形ADCF是菱形,证明:AF//BC,AF=DC,∴四边形ADCF是平行四边形,∵AC⊥AB,AD是斜边BC的中线,∴AD=12BC=DC,∴平行四边形ADCF是菱形;(3)在Rt△ABC中,∵AB=8,BC=10,∴AC=6,∴S△ABC=12×AC×AB=12×8×6=24,∴S△ADC=12,∴S菱形ADCF=24,∴12×CF×AG=24,∴AG=4.8.【解析】(1)根据AAS证△AFE≌△DBE,推出AF=BD,即可得出答案;(2)得出四边形ADCF是平行四边形,根据直角三角形斜边上中线性质得出CD=AD,根据菱形的判定推出即可;(3)根据勾股定理和三角形的面积公式即可得到结论.本题考查了全等三角形的性质和判定、平行四边形的判定、菱形的判定的应用及相似三角形的判定与性质,熟练掌握全等三角形与相似三角形的判定与性质是解题的关键. 25.【答案】解:(1)设该车队载重量为8吨、10吨的卡车分别有x 辆、y 辆,根据题意得:{x +y =128x +10y =110, 解之得:{x =5y =7. 答:该车队载重量为8吨的卡车有5辆,10吨的卡车有7辆;(2)设载重量为8吨的卡车增加了z 辆,依题意得:8(5+z)+10(7+6−z)>160,解之得:z <5,∵z >0且为整数,∴z 的最大值为4.答:车队最多新购买载重量为8吨的卡车4辆.【解析】此题主要考查了二元一次方程组的应用以及不等式的应用,属于中档题.(1)根据车队有载重量为8吨、10吨的卡车共12辆,全部车辆运输一次能运输110吨沙石,得出方程组,求出即可;(2)利用车队需要一次运输沙石160吨以上,得出不等式求出结论即可.26.【答案】(1)证明:如图1,连接BD ,OD ,OE .∵AB 是直径,∴∠ADB =∠CDB =90°.∵E 是BC 中点,∴DE =EC =EB .在△ODE 和△OBE 中{OD =OB OE =OE DE =BE,∴△ODE≌△OBE(SSS).∴∠ODE =∠OBE =90°,∴OD ⊥DP ,∴PD 是⊙O 的切线.(2)解:∵OB=BP,∠ODP=90°,∴DB=OB=BP,即DB=OB=OD.∴△ODB是等边三角形.∴∠DOB=60°.∴∠A=30°.又∵∠ABC=90°,∴∠C=60°.∴∠CBD=30°.∴CD=12BC,BC=12AC.设CD=x,BC=2x,∵AD=6,∴2x=12(6+x).∴x=2.∴BC=4.(3)解:如图2,连接BD,OE.∵tan∠C=2,∠CDB=90°,∴BDCD=2.∴ADBD=2.设CD=a,BD=2a,AD=4a,∴AC=5a.∵O是AB中点,E是BC中点,∴EO//AC,OE=12AC=52a.∴AFFE =ADOE,∴AFFE =4a52a=85.【解析】(1)首先证明△ODE≌△OBE,即可得出∠ODE=∠OBE=90°,得出答案即可;(2)先证明△ODB是等边三角形,即可得出∠CBD=30°则CD=12BC,BC=12AC,求出CD 的长进而得出BC 的长;(3)利用tan∠C =2,∠CDB =90°,则BD CD =2,进而设CD =a ,BD =2a ,AD =4a ,则AC =5a ,由AF FE =AD OE ,求出即可.此题主要考查了圆的综合以及全等三角形的判定与性质和等边三角形的判定与性质、锐角三角函数关系等知识,得出AF FE =ADOE 是解题关键.27.【答案】解:(1)∵点B(2,0),∴OB =2,∴S △ABO =12OB ×OA =12×2×OA =2,解得OA =2,∴点A(0,2),设直线AB 的解析式为y =kx +b ,则{b =2,2k +b =0,解得:{k =−1,b =2,,∴直线AB 的解析式为y =−x +2;(2)如图1,∵OA =OB =2,∴△ABO 是等腰直角三角形,∵点P 、Q 的速度都是每秒1个单位长度,∴PM =PB =OB −OP =2−t ,PQ =OB =2,∴△MPQ 的面积为S =12PQ ⋅PM =12×2×(2−t)=2−t ,∵点P 在线段OB 上运动,∴0≤t <2,∴S 与t 的函数关系式为S =2−t(0≤t <2);(3)如图1,t 秒时,PM =PB =|2−t|,QN =BQ =t ,所以,QM 2=PM 2+PQ 2=(2−t)2+4,MN =√2(QN −PM)=√2(t −t −2)=2√2,①若MN =QN ,则t =2√2,②若QN =QM ,则(2−t)2+4=t 2∴4t −8=0,解得t=2,当t=2时,点P与B重合,不符合题意舍去;③MN=QM,则(2−t)2+4=(2√2)2,整理得,t2−4t=0,解得t1=0(舍去),t2=4,综上所述,t=2√2或4时,△MNQ是等腰三角形.【解析】此题主要考查了一次函数综合题型,主要利用了三角形的面积,待定系数法求一次函数解析式,等腰直角三角形的判定与性质,等腰三角形的性质,难点在于(3)分情况讨论,用t表示出△MNQ的三边是解题的关键.(1)根据三角形的面积求出OA,再写出点A的坐标,然后利用待定系数法求一次函数解析式解答;(2)根据等腰直角三角形的性质表示出PM,再求出PQ的长,然后利用直角三角形的面积公式列式整理即可得解;(3)表示出PM、QN,再利用勾股定理列式表示出QM2,再求出MN,然后分MN=QN,QN=QM,MN=QM,3种情况列出方程求解即可.。
2024-2025学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区萧红中学度上学期八年级期中考试理化综合试卷-初中化学
2024-2025学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市南岗区萧红中学度上学期八年级期中考试理化综合试卷-初中化学1.化学就在我们身边,人类的衣食住行都离不开化学,下列说法错误的是A.色泽鲜艳的衣料来自化学方法合成的纤维和染料B.建筑要用到水泥、钢材、玻璃、塑料等材料C.交通工具要使用汽油、柴油等燃料D.粮食的丰收必须大量使用农药和化肥,使用越多,产量越多2.化学家拉瓦锡被后世称为“近代化学之父”,下列成就不是化学家拉瓦锡得出的是A.提出原子论B.发现质量守恒定律C.研究了空气的组成D.利用天平进行定量研究,认识了燃烧的本质3.检验集气瓶里的氧气是否收集满,应将带火星的木条()A.插入集气瓶中B.插入集气瓶底C.放在集气瓶口D.都可以4.在加压条件下,40m3的石油气(含丙烷、丁烷等气体)可以装入0.04m3的钢瓶中,这说明A.分子的质量很小B.分子之间有间隔C.分子由原子构成D.分子在不断地运动5.规范的操作是安全地进行实验并获得成功的重要保证。
下列实验基本操作正确的是A.同学使劲按B.同学使劲闻C.同学借个火D.同学放好试管6.下图所示物质的应用错误的是A.氧气用于气焊B.氮气用于炼钢C.二氧化碳用于灭D.氦气球火7.下列日常生活中或在实验室中接触到的物质属于纯净物的是A.加速过氧化氢分解的二氧化锰B.洗碗用的洗洁精C.铺地面的大理石D.消毒用的75%的医用酒精8.下列实验室中的交流,属于化学变化的是()A.试管:“同学们不爱我,碎了我的玻璃心!”B.铁架台:“我好难受啊!我在潮湿的空气中生锈了!”C.酒精灯:“帽子哪里去了?我的燃料越来越少了”D.滤纸:“过滤时为什么搅拌?我都被划破了!”9.下列说法正确的是A.检查装置气密性时,应先手握容器,后把导管的一端放入水中B.排水法收集氧气时,应先加热试管,后把集气瓶装满水收集气体C.缓慢氧化例子很多,如细胞的呼吸、食物的腐烂等D.量取一定量液体时应先俯视读数,倒出一部分液体后再仰视读数,这样测得的液体体积更准确10.下面是杨闯老师和同学们在实验室用高锰酸钾制取氧气并用排水法收集的主要操作步骤:①将试管固定在铁架台上;②检查装置的气密性;③点燃酒精灯,先使试管受热均匀,然后对准试管中盛放试剂的部位加热;④将试剂装入试管,用带导管的单孔橡胶塞塞紧试管;⑤收集完毕,将导管从水槽中取出;⑥用排水法收集氧气;⑦熄灭酒精灯。
2021-2022学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学八年级(上)期中物理试卷(附详解) (1)
2021-2022学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市萧红中学八年级(上)期中物理试卷1.如图所示,2021年8月26日,苏炳添在奥运会男子100m决赛中以9.83s闯入决赛,可谓是中国人的骄傲。
如果说“苏炳添跑得比我们都快”,这句话的物理含义是()A. 通过相同的路程,苏炳添比我们用的时间长B. 通过相同的路程,苏炳添比我们用的时间短C. 在相同的时间内,苏炳添通过的路程比我们通过的路程短D. 苏炳添运动的速度比我们运动的速度小2.2025年我国将实现航天员登月计划,在月球上漫步的航天员须借助无线电通信设备才能进行交谈,其原因是()A. 月球上声音传播速度快B. 月球上只能传递超声波C. 月球上是真空,不能传声D. 月球上航天员声带无法振动发声3.如图所示,甲乙分别为音叉、长笛发声的波形图,下列说法中不正确的是()A. 音叉、长笛发出的声音音色相同B. 音叉、长笛发出的声音响度相同C. 音叉、长笛发出的声音音调相同D. 音叉、长笛发出的声音都是由振动产生的4.如图,能正确地表示光从空气射入水中的情况是()A. B.C. D.5.在2008北京奥运会圣火传递过程中,现场某记者同时拍下了固定在地面上随风飘动的旗帜和附近的甲、乙两个火炬的照片,如图所示,根据它们的飘动方向,可以判断下列说法正确的是()A. 甲火炬一定静止B. 甲火炬可能向右运动C. 乙火炬一定静止D. 乙火炬一定向右运动6.关于平面镜成像,人站在平面镜前,当他向平面镜走近时,发生的现象是()A. 像变大,像到镜面的距离变小B. 像变大,像到镜面的距离变大C. 像不变,像到镜面的距离变小D. 像不变,像到镜面的距离不变7.如图所示的四种现象中,由光的直线传播形成的是()A. 水中塔B. 水面“折”枝C. 镜中花D. 手影8.如图所示的四种情景中,属于光的折射现象的是()A. 湖中的倒影B. 碗中的筷子C. 世博会夜晚的灯光D. 镜中的陶罐9.关于光的反射,下列说法正确的是()A. 当入射光线与反射面的夹角为20°时,反射角也是20°B. 入射光线靠近法线时,反射光线也靠近法线C. 入射角增大5°时,反射光线与入射光线的夹角也增大5°D. 镜面反射遵守光的反射定律,漫反射不遵守光的反射定律10.测量视力时,让被测者面对镜子,背对视力表,要使人到镜子中视力表的像的距离为5m,那么到平面镜的距离应为()A. 1mB. 2mC. 3mD. 5m11.关于平面镜成像的特点及其实验探究,下列说法正确的是()A. 使用光屏是为了验证平面镜所成像的虚实B. 将蜡烛靠近玻璃板的同时像将远离玻璃板C. 做多次实验获得多组数据是为了减小误差D. 平面镜成像的大小与物体到平面镜的距离有关12.如图,F是透镜的焦点,其中正确的光路图是()A. B.C. D.13.光在真空中的传播速度为3×108m/s,为实现我国的探月计划,向月球发射的激光到达月球并返回地面约需2.6s,则地球和月球之间的距离是______m。
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萧红中学八学年(上)·学期初基础知识检测·英语考试时长: 60分钟试卷满分: 100 分◆提示:请将答案作答在题卡上,否则无效。
一、单项选择(本题共40分,每小题1分)选择最佳答案。
( ) 1. Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has the same sound?A. teachchessB. great dreamC. tootheither( ) 2. Which of the following words has the same sound as the underlined letters of theword "save"?A. faceB. badC. wash( ) 3. Which pair of the words with the underlined letters has a different sound?A. crime quiteB. moon foodC. brush minute() 4. Which of the following words has a different sound from the underlined letters of theword "bowl"?A. showerB. showC. follow( ) 5.Which of the following words doesn't have the same stress as the others?A. Idea.B. Ivory.C. India.() 6.Which of the following words doesn't have the same stress as the others?A. Surprise.B. Person.C. Tonight.( ) 7. --- Sam. what do you usually do on weekends?---Sometimes I play_____ soccer and sometimes I play_____ piano.A. the, theB. the, /C./, the( ) 8. --- What will the weather_______ tomorrow, Amy?--- Well, there will _____so you need an umbrella.A. like, rainB. be like, be rainC. be like, have rain( ) 9. --Do you know the old woman_______funny glasses?--Yes, I do.A. byB. withC. of( ) 10.I_____some of my free time__________basketball for my school team.A spend, playB. take, playingC. spend, playing() 11.____ the windows before________the classroom.A. To close, leavingB. Closing, you leaveC. Close, leaving( ) 12. --- What does your maths teacher_______?---He is of medium height.A. look forB. look afterC. look like( ) 13. The book store is far away from here. You'd better_________.A. by busB.onabusC. take a bus() 14.--What's wrong with you, Bob? You look tired.---I_______ late to study for the exam last night.A. picked upB. stayed upC. woke up( ) 15.---________is it from your home to your school, Anna?--- It's quite near here, only five minutes' walk.A. How farB. How longC. How often( ) 16-.--______I take photos here?--- No, you mustn't. Don't you see the sign“NO PHOTOS"?A. MayB. MustC. Should( ) 17. --- I's really dangerous to swim in the pool. Look at the sign.--- Oh, I____ see it. Thanks for telling me.A. didn'tB. don'tC. won't( ) 18. ---What do you want to be when you grow up, a doctor or an engineer?---________, I want to be a scientist.A. NeitherB. EitherC. Both( ) 19. --- How do you like your English teacher?--- She is strict ____ us, but we all like her because she is friendly after class. A. inB. atC. with( ) 20. --- My English is very poor. How can I learn English better?---First, you should listen to the teacher carefully in class. Second, you'd better Practice______English every day.A. speakingB. to speakC. speak( ) 21. ---Do- you know that there are many different____ animals in the zoo?--- Yes, I do. And I also know that some of them are_____scary.A. kind of; kinds ofB. kinds of, kind ofC. kinds of; kinds of( ) 22. --- Listen! Someone___ in the classroom.______beautiful voice! It must be Lucy.A. is singing; What aB. sings, WhatC. is singing; How( ) 23. Tom with his family often______me________English.A. help; withB. helps studyingC. helps, with( ) 24.-- Can you tell me_____ it takes to reach your school from your home?-- Yes, about fifteen minutes.A. how muchB. how longC. how far( ) 25---What's your favorite subject?---Music. It's_______and light music is very________to me.A. relaxed; interestingB. relaxing; interestedC. relaxing; interesting( ) 26. --Would you like to_______ us in the English speech match?--- Of course. I_______an English dub and I believe I can get a good result in the match.A. join; join inB. join; joinC. take part in; join( ) 27. --- What time do you usually get up?--- At about half______sixA. toB. atC. past() 28. ---What do you think of your English teacher?--- She is______the children.A. good withB. good atC. good for( ) 29.--______ ?---At six o'clock.A. What's the time now?B. Do you have breakfast at six o'clock?C. What time do you have breakfast?()30.--How__________ your weekend?--- It was great! I had_______fun in Susan's party.A. was; much tooB. is; too manyC. was, too much()31.Icanlearn______from this TV program.A. quite a lotB. quite a fewC. quitea lot of( ) 32. Harbin is becoming a very famous city. The number of visitors is becomingA. larger and largerB. much and muchC. more and morelarge( ) 33. Before we make dumplings, we must____ the meat and put some vegetables init.A.cutupB. cut downC. cut off( ) 34. There is_______milk in the fridge. Let's go to the supermarket and buy some.A.alittleB. littleC. a few()35.--___?--- Not much.A. What are you doing?B. How's everything going?C. How do you go to school?( ) 36. Jack stands_____ his birthday cake and___. He hopes to make his dreams cometrue.A. in the front of; makes a friendB. in front of; makes a wishC. in the front of; makes a decision() 37. Tom, you study hard at your lessons and help other students with their study.____I think you do a good job these days.A. All in allB. In the wordC. At first( ) 38. In China, people usually eat______for their birthday because they are symbolsof long life and good luck.A. birthday cakesB. long noodles and eggsC. candies( ) 39. Good study habits are very useful. You'd better_________when you prepare for a testto get good results.①get all of the proper materials including books, pencils and paper ready②not have a rest every hour to make you feel less tired③come up with study questions and try not to answer them④try marking some of the topics mentioned in the book.⑤underline the words that you do not understandA.①③⑤B.①④⑤C.②④⑤( ) 40. Here is a survey (调查) about how 1,000 students from No.2 Middle School go toschool on weekdays. One third of the students going to school by bike are girls. Then二、完形填空(本题共10分,每小题1分)Do you have your own WeChat? Do you often_ 41_ others' WeChat on the mobilephone?All over the world, not only famous person but also many studentsuse WeChat asdiariesand places to share their experiences and_42_advice."I write my activities every day, like funny things or worries in my life." says Lucy, a__ 43_high schoolstudent at Cambridge High School. "I like posting pictures on my WeChat becauseit can make my WeChat more__ 44_ and more people will like it. It's a good wayto__ 45_my life to others." She has had her WeChat for more than three years.Students like writing WeChat__ 46_ they can write anything they want to, but don'tneed to_47_anymoney.Once you start to have your WeChat, you will_48_ that you open up a new world.Butwhat you write down may trouble you _49_Therefore, use the WeChat carefully_50_ you can keep yourself away from some trouble. The WeChat makes our life colorful.根据短文内容选择最佳答案:( ) 41. A. writeB. readC. look()42.A.blowoutB. look forC. ask for()43.A.16yearsoldB.16-years oldC.16-year- old( ) 44. A. interestedB. smartC. popular()45.A.bring.B. showC. send( ) 46. A. becauseB. but C. though()47.A.takeB. saveC. spend( ) 48. A. thinkB. findC. wish( ) 49. A. sometimesB. neverC. always()50.A.sothatB. even thoughC. in order三、阅读理解(本题共20分,每小题1分)( A)Do you like traveling? If so, come to our travel service.根据语言材料内容选择最佳答案。