英美文化英语简答

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英美文化常识

About American1.What is the full name of America?The United States of America2 How many states are there in the United States?Fifty states3 What is the capital of the USAWashington D.C.4 Where is the Stature of Liberty?In New York5 Where does the American president live ?In the white houseAbout Britain1 What does UK stand for ?The United Kingdom2 What us the full name of the UK?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.3What are the four parts of the UK?England,Scotland,Wales,and Northern Ireland.4In which continent is the UK situated?In Europe.5 By which channel is the UK separatedThe English ChannelAbout China1.How many ethnic groups are there in China?562.In which continent is China locatedIn Asia3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China?Paper-making,printing,gunpowder,and the compass4. What is the largest island in China?Taiwan Island5. When was the people’s Republic of China founded?On October 1st,19496. How many stars are there on the national flag of China?Five7 .Name three neighboring countries of China(The answer varies.It could be any three of them) japan,Vietnam,Russia,Cambodia,Laos,etc) three well -known scenic spots in Beijing(The answer varies.It could be any three of them) The Great Wall,the Summer Palace,the Imperial Palace,Tian’anmen Square,etc.9 .Why do the Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn FestivalThey celebrate the it to honor the great poet Qu Yuan10. what do Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn Festival.Moon cakes.11.What is the most important traditional festival in China? The spring Festival12. what do the Chinese do on New Year’s Eve?Family members get together and have a big dinner.13. what do people eat on the Lantern Festival?Rice dumplings14. What animal is called “The National Treasure of China”? The panda.。

浅谈英美文化

street culture
• street culture contains lots of elements ,such as street-dancing(街舞）,dress（服饰）,graffiti（涂鸦） ,skateboard （滑板）and street-ball （街球）,bicycle stunt （特技单车)and so on.
拿铁Latte
一杯地道的意大利拿铁咖啡配置的比例是：牛奶70%、奶泡20%、咖啡10%。拿铁咖啡中牛奶多而咖啡少，这与Cappuccino有很大不同。拿铁咖啡做法极其简单，就是将刚刚做好的意大利浓缩咖啡中倒入接近沸腾的牛奶。事实上，加入多少牛奶没有一定之规，可依个人口味自由调配。如果在热牛奶上再加上一些打成泡沫的冷牛奶，就成了一杯美式拿铁咖啡。星巴克的美式拿铁就是用这种方法制成的，底部是加热到65～75℃的牛奶，中间是意大利浓缩咖啡，最后是一层不超过半厘米的冷的牛奶泡沫。
浅谈英美文化
American culture
1.street culture
• street culture is a new culture sestem from America,which is the combination of art ,music and sports.it is a kind of selfreleasing.originally,street culture was just used as a carrier by aferican-american to convey their anger and resistance,but now which is used for expressing the abilities of young people.

英美文化概况10套试题与答

英美文化概况10套试题与答第一套：Ⅰ.1. Sinn Fein is not a legal political party in Northern Ireland. F2. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quitewell-known: in the world for its endless political problems. T3. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children withliteracy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children. T4. Sputniks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union. T5. Edinburgh is the largest city in Scotland. F6. In the seventeenth century, the English government encouraged peoplefrom Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because they wanted to increase its control over Ireland. T7. When George W. Bush became president, his foreign strategy has twoprominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength. F8. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which mostcountries have. F9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is theDemocratic Party and the other is the Republican Party. T10. The oldest institution of government in Britain is the Monarchy. T11. There are about 60 members of the Commonwealth. F12. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be acandidate for public office.F13. The Servicemen's Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Rights, gave veteranspriority in finding better jobs. F14. Pax Americana indicates American policy to create a world order dominatedby the United States. T15. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celti c language, called “Gaelic”F16. The UK was awarded a seat on the UN Security Council in recognition ofits continuing importance in world politics. F17. Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F18. Northern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions: that ofRepublic of Ireland and that of Great Britain. F19. It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves the sport of boxing. F20. Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials. FⅡ.21. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? AA. The Anglo-Saxons.B. The Normans.C. The Vikings.D. The Romans.22. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe? D A. The growth of capitalism. B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. The Spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.23. Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council? CA. France, China, Germany, Russia and Britain.B. The United States, France, Britain, Germany and Russia.C. China, Russia, France, Britain and the United States.D. China, Britain, France, the United States and Japan.24. What did the US mean by Containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breakingout of its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reachedparity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror25. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by itsparticipation in CA. the CommonwealthB. the European Economic CommunityC. the United Nations, the EU, NATO, etcD. a European federal government26. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? CA. Football.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. Cricket.27. After the WWII, the United States became a stronger country, proved by the following facts except A.A. the US suffered no losses in the war.B. the US was the sole possessor of atomic bombs.C. the US had over 70% of the gold reserve of the world in its coffers.D. the US had over 50% of industrial production of the world in its hand.28. Lord Baltimore’s fe udal p lan failed NOT because D.A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.29. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet? CA. the Welsh peopleB. the Irish peopleC. the Scottish peopleD. the English people30. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? BA. the executiveB. the legislativeC. the judicialD. the president31. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? cA. There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.C. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.D. Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.32. The Norman Conquest in English history happened in C.A. 1035B. 1042C. 1066D. 160633. Which of the following can not be found in London? AA. teahousesB. art galleriesC. museumsD. theatres34. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of D.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution35. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? BA. in the HighlandsB. in the LowlandsC. in the UplandsD. in the west of Scotland36. Which of t he following was not an activity inShakespeare’s time? AA. attending the Grand NationalB. having a drink at a pubC. working the landD. playing football37. Which of the following is NOT a true description of the Queen’s role?AA. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.38. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of AA. EasterB. ChristmasC. ValentineD. New Year’s Day39. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? DA. the University of CambridgeB. the University of OxfordC. the University of EdinburghD. the University of Buckingham40. Where is the international tennis championship held? BA. WembleyB. WimbledonC. LondonD. EdinburghⅢ. 41. The Functions of Parliament42. Puritanism43. Grammar School44. The declaration of Independence45. The strategy of PreemptionⅣ. Answer one of the following two questions. （本大题任选一题，20分）46. What are the purposes of the British education system? Please commenton these purposes.47. What are the foundations of Britain’s foreign policy?第二套：Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California.F2. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britainsometimes. t3. By the early 1760s, the 13 English colonies in North America were readyto separate themselves from Europe. T4. Sputniks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union. T5. Edinburgh is the largest city in Scotland. F6. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T7. When George W. Bush became president, his foreign strategy has twoprominent elements: isolationism and faith in military strength.8. American foreign policy has been swinging betweenisolationism andinterventionism since WWII. F9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is theDemocratic Party and the other is the Republican Party.10. Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F11. The origin of Bowling lies in the victory celebration ceremony by theancient warriors. t12. Americans have to join a political party in order to vote or to be acandidate for public office. F13. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authorityfrom his subjects. F14. The British host a large American military presence and there are 63American military bases in the UK. T15. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic”. F16. British universities are public bodies which receive funds from centralgovernment. T17. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unifiednation as it is today. F18. One of the things that decide whether an applicant can be accepted bya college is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests. t19. It is commonly believed that Boxing Day involves thesport of boxing. F20. Wales is rich in coal deposits. TⅡ. Choose the answer that best com pletes the statement or answers the question. （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）21. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to themodern development of Europe? DA. The growth of capitalism.B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. The Spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.22. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by D.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmasterD. boards of education23. Which of the following is not involved in making the British foreignpolicy? AA. The Queen of BritainB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet.D. The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.24. What did the US mean by containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breakingout of its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reachedparity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror25. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisionsis true? CA. Elementary school, grammar school.B. Elementary school, junior high school.C. Elementary school, secondary school.D. Junior high school, senior high school.26. Which of the following is NOT true of London? DA. the cultural centerB. the business centerC. The financial centerD. the sports center27. Which of the following was not an activity in Shakespeare’s time? AA. attending the Grand NationalB. having a drink at a pubC. working the landD. playing football28. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? BA. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland29. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptB.A. Martin Luther.B. Martin Luther King.C. John Calvin.D. The English King Henry Ⅷ.30. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family? DA. cricketB. skiingC. golfingD. horse racing31. In Britain, ___ formally appoints important government ministers, judges, etc. bA. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the Lord President of the CouncilD. the Speaker of the House of Commons32. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of A.A. EasterB. ChristmasC. ValentineD. New Year’s Day33. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? DA. the University of CambridgeB. the University of OxfordC. the University of EdinburghD. the University of Buckingham34. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 B.A. can legally receive partly free education.B. can legally receive completely free education.C. can not receive free education at all.D. can not receive free education if their parents are rich.35. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of British government? AA. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It has no written form of Constitution.36. Lord Baltimore’s feudal plan failed because D.A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.37. In order to go to university in the US, secondary school students mustmeet the following requirements except that D.A. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachersB. they make good impressions during the interviewsC. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD. they pass the college entrance examinations38. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet? CA. the Welsh peopleB. the Irish peopleC. the Scottish peopleD. the English people39. Why did the government decide to replace the power-sharing policy with“direct rule” from London? DA. the power-sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants.B. the Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the power effectively.C. the power-sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.D. all the above40. Which of the following schools would admit children without referenceto their academic abilities? AA. Comprehensive schoolsB. Secondary schoolsC. Independent schoolsD. Grammar schoolsⅢ.Tell what you know about the following in your own words. （本大题共5小题，每小题8分，共40分）41. Comprehensive schools42. The Bill of Rights43. The making of Britain’s foreign policy44. The functions of Parliament45. The strategy of PreemptionⅣ. Answer one of the following questions. （本大题任选一题，20分）46. In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?47. How do you understand that Britain has a “special relationship” with th第三套：Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.T2. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F3. Great Britain includes 3 constituent countries: England, Scotland andWales. F4. Most people in Scotland speak the o ld Celtic language, called “Gaelic”F5. Edinburgh is the largest city in Scotland. F6. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children withliteracy and the other basic skills but also to socialize children.T7. Sinn Fein is not a legal political party in Northern Ireland.F8. Christmas Pantomime is one of the three Christmas traditions that areparticularly British. T9. Today, the United States has two major political parties. One is theDemocratic Party, formed before 1800. The other is the Republican Party,formed in the 1850s, by people in the states of the North and West. T10. The game of golf was invented by the Scottish. T11. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unifiednation as it is today. F12. Grammar schools selects children at the age of 11 and provide them witha general education. F13. American foreign policy has been swinging between isolationism andinterventionism since WWII. F14. Pax Americana indicates American policy to create a world order dominatedby the United States. T15.Harvard College was originally founded to train government officials.F16. The UK was awarded a seat on the UN Security Council in recognition ofits contribution in setting up the United Nations. F17. Easter is the biggest and best loved British holiday. F18. American foreign policy has been swinging between isolationism andinterventionism since WWII. F19. One of the things that decide whether an applicant can be accepted bya college is his/her scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests. t20. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regardedas the founding fathers of the United States of America. FⅡ. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question. （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）21. Which of the following is not involved in making the British foreignpolicy? AA. The Queen of BritainB. The Foreign and Commonwealth OfficeC. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet.D. The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.22. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to themodern development of Europe? DA. The growth of capitalism.B. The Renaissance.C. The Religious Reformation.D. The Spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church.23. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by D.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmasterD. boards of education24. What did the US mean by containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breakingout of its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reachedparity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror25. Which of the following sports was not invented in Britain?CA. footballB. tennisC. basketballD. cricket26. Which celebration particularly happens on the Queen’s birthday?CA. BonfiresB. The Orange MarchC. Trooping the ColorD. Masquerades27. Which of the following is Not a characteristic of British government? AA. It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.B. It is a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.C. It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.D. It has no written form of Constitution.28. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? BA. VirginiaB. Rhode IslandC. New YorkD. Maryland29. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptB.A. Martin Luther.B. Martin Luther King.C. John Calvin.D. The English King Henry Ⅷ.30. Which of the following is the only branch that can makefederal laws, andlevy federal taxes? BA. the executiveB. the legislativeC. the judicialD. the president31. Which of the following statements is NOT correct? CA. They are no legal restraints upon Parliament.B. Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.C. Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.D. Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.32. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family? DA. cricketB. skiingC. golfingD. horse racing33. Which of the following is NOT true of London? DA. the cultural centerB. the business centerC. The financial centerD. the sports center34. Which of the following was not an activity in Shakespeare’s time? AA. attending the Grand NationalB. having a drink at a pubC. working the landD. playing football35. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live? BA. in the HighlandsB. in the LowlandsC. in the UplandsD. in the west of Scotland36. Which of the following is true about the British Commonwealth? dA. Members of nations are joined together politically.B. The Commonwealth has special powers.C. The decision to become a member of the Commonwealth is made by Britain.D. It is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.37. In Britain, ___ formally appoints important government ministers, judges, etc. BA. the QueenB. the Prime MinisterC. the Lord President of the CouncilD. the Speaker of the House of Commons38. Colored eggs and bunny are traditional symbols of A.A. EasterB. ChristmasC. ValentineD. New Year’s Day39. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain? DA. the University of CambridgeB. the University of OxfordC. the University of EdinburghD. the University of Buckingham40. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 B.A. can legally receive partly free education.B. can legally receive completely free education.C. can not receive free education at all.D. can not receive free education if their parents are rich.Ⅲ.Tell what you know about the following in your own words. （本大题共5小题，每小题8分，共40分）41. Comprehensive schools42. The Bill of Rights43. The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act44. The functions of the British Parliament.45. George WashingtonⅣ. Answer one of the following two questions. （本大题任选一题，20分）46. Discuss the similarities and differences in Great Britain and the Unite concerningthe goal of education47.what is the US containment policy? Is it successful? Illustrate your point wi第四套：Ⅰ. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. F2. George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Abraham Lincoln were regardedas the founding fathers of the United States of America. F3. The Scots and the Welsh have a strong sense of being British. F4. The most important single factor which influences Britishpolicy-makersis its history. t5. Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people areCatholics.F6. Northern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions: that ofRepublic of Ireland and that of Great Britain. F7. When the War of Independence was over, the United States was one unifiednation as it is today. F8. Independent schools get money mainly through the private sector andtuition rates, with some government support. T9. The first English permanent settlement was founded in California. F10. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitution of the sort which mostcountries have. F11. The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act, or GI Bill of Rights, gave veteranspriority in finding better jobs. F12. British universities are public bodies which receive funds fromcentral government. T13. In 1948 President Truman put forward the Truman Doctrine, which isgenerally regarded as the formal declaration of the implementation of the US containment foreign policy. T14. The biggest Bonfire Night celebration is held in London.F15. When Ronald Reagan became president in 1982, he wanted to beat the SovietUnion in the space technology race and so he initiated the Star Wars project. T16. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction on Britain’s foreign policy. T17. The divine right of the king means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. F18. The British host a large American military presence and there are 63 American military bases in the UK. T19. Sputniks are man-made satellites made by the Soviet Union. T20. Christmas Pantomime is one of the three Christmas traditions that are particularly British. TⅡ. Choose the answer that best completes the statement or answers the question. （本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）21. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet? CA. the Welsh peopleB. the Irish peopleC. the Scottish peopleD. the English people22. Lord Baltimore’s feu dal plan failed because D.A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.D. the English king did not like the plan.23. The Norman Conquest in English history happened in C.A. 1035B. 1042C. 1066D. 160624. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes? BA. the executiveB. the legislativeC. the judicialD. the president25. What did the US mean by containment? AA. It would use whatever means to prevent the Soviet Union from breaking outof its sphere of influence.B. It wanted to reverse the situation in which the Soviet Union reached parity with the US in nuclear forceC. It planned to drag the Soviet Union into another round of arms raceD. It intended to shift the balance of terror26. Easter commemorates D.A. the birth of Jesus ChristB. the Crucifixion of Jesus ChristC. the coming of springD. the Crucifixion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ27. In order to go to university in the US, secondary school students must meet the following requirements except that DA. they have high school records and recommendations from their teachersB. they make good impressions during the interviewsC. they get good scores in the Scholastic Aptitude TestsD. they pass the college entrance examinations28. Which of the following is NOT a true description of theQueen’s role? AA. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and the Cabinet.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.29. The expenditure in American public schools is guided or decided by D.A. teachersB. studentsC. headmasterD. boards of education30. When was the NATO founded? DA. In 1945.B. in 1955C. In 1948D. in 194931. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in C.A. the CommonwealthB. the European Economic CommunityC. the United Nations, the EU, NATO, etc.D. a European federal government32. Who are the ancestors of the English and the founders of England? AA. the Anglo-SaxonsB. the NormansC. the VikingsD. the Romans33. When did President Nixon make a trip to China to improve relations with the People’s Republic of China? AA. In 1972B. In 1973C. In 1970D. In 197134. “No taxation without representation” was the rallying cry of D.A. the settlers of VirginiaB. the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD. the people of the 13 colonies on the eve of the American Revolution35. The New Deal was started by A.A. Franklin RooseveltB. J. F. KennedyC. George WashingtonD. Thomas Jefferson36. The following were the main Reformation leaders exceptB.A. Martin Luther.B. Martin Luther King.C. John Calvin.D. The English King Henry Ⅷ37. Which of the following can not be found in London? AA. teahousesB. art galleriesC. museumsD. theatres38. Why did the government decide to replace the power-sharing policy with “direct rule” from London? DA. the power-sharing policy was not accepted by the majorityof Protestants.B. the Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the power effectively.C. the power-sharing policy couldn’t be carried out.D. all the above39. Which of the following is Not a feature of the House of Lords? CA. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.B. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.C. The Lords are expected to present the interests of the public.D. Most of the Lords in the House of Lords are male.40. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain? CA. Football.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. Cricket.Ⅲ.Tell what you know about the following in your own words. （本大题共5小题，每小题8分，共40分）41. The Open University42. The three traditions of Christmas in Britain43. The strategy of preemption 44. The functions of Parliament45. The Bill of RightsⅣ. Answer one of the following two questions. （本大题共任选一题， 20分）46. In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?47. What are some of the major powers of each of the three。

初中英语英美文化中英美文化常识素材

About American1.What is the full name of America?The United States of America2 How many states are there in the United States?Fifty states3 What is the capital of the USAWashington D.C.4 Where is the Stature of Liberty?In New York5 Where does the American president live ?In the white houseAbout Britain1 What does UK stand for ?The United Kingdom2 What us the full name of the UK?The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 3What are the four parts of the UK?England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.4In which continent is the UK situated?In Europe.5 By which channel is the UK separatedThe English ChannelAbout China1.How many ethnic groups are there in China?562.In which continent is China locatedIn Asia3. what are the four great inventions in ancient China? Paper-making, printing, gunpowder, and the compass4. What is the largest island in China?Taiwan Island5. When was the people’s Republic of China founded?On October 1st,19496. How many stars are there on the national flag of China?Five7 .Name three neighboring countries of China(The answer varies. It could be any three of them) Japan, Vietnam, Russia, Cambodia, Laos, etc) three well -known scenic spots in Beijing(The answer varies. It could be any three of them) The Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Imperial Palace, Tian’anmen Square, etc.9 .Why do the Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn FestivalThey celebrate the it to honor the great poet Qu Yuan10. what do Chinese people usually eat at the Mid-Autumn Festival.Moon cakes.11.What is the most important traditional festival in China?The spring Festival12. what do the Chinese do on New Year’s Eve?Family members get together and have a big dinner.13. what do people eat on the Lantern Festival?Rice dumplings14. What animal is called “The National Treasure of China”?The panda.。

英美文化 (英国部分答案)

(判断题)Chapter 11. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. (F)2. The Severn River is the longest river of Britain, which originates in Wales and flows through western England.(T)3. Today more than half of the people in Wales still speak the ancient Welsh language. (F)4. In terms of population and area, Northern Ireland is the second largest part of Britain.(F)5. Although the climate in Britain is generally mild, the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below -10℃ in January . (F)6. The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons.(T)7. The Celtic people were the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)8. English evolved into what is now described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F)Chapter 21. British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2. The Anglo-Saxons came to Britain in the 5th century.(T)3. The chief or king of the Anglo-Saxons tribes exercised power at their own will. (F)4. The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)5. HenryⅡ built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T)6. The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)7. The Hundred Years’War (1337-1453) was a series of wars fought between the British and the Vikings for trade and territory.(F)8. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen ElizabethⅠactually defended the fruit of the Reformation.(T)Chapter 31. Conventions are regarded less important than the statutory law in the working of the British government.(T)2. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3. In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4. The British Parliament is the law-making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5. The members of the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)6. The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)7. Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)8. The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(T)Chapter 41. British was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the post-war period.(T)3. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain after World WarⅡ.(F)4. Thatcher’s revolution turned out to be a great success i n dealing with all the British economic and social problems.(F)5. The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair was different from that of the old Labor Party and the Conservative Party.(T)6. Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics from economic policy.(T)7. Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F)8. Nuclear power is one of the major energy source in Britain.(T)Chapter 51. The British government has been responsible for education since the early1800s.(F)2. Education in Britain is compulsory for all children between the ages of 6 and15.(F)3. The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and theindependent system.(F)4. When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a nationalGCSE examination.(T)5. Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enterfamous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6. The Times is the world’s oldest Sunday newspapers.(F)7. The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)(选择题)Chapter 11. The two main islands of the British Isles are .A. Great Britain and IrelandB. Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD. Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC. AberdeenD. Cardiff3. Among the four parts of the United Kingdom, is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. NorthernIreland4. English belongs to the group of Indo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC. GermanicD. Roman5. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element ofwords to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutch and GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latin and Greek6. The evolution of Middle English was reinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish7. Samuel Johnson’s dictionary was influential in establishing a standard form of .A. grammarB. handwritingC. spellingD.pronunciation8. At present, nearly of the world’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifthChapter 21. The attack on Rome ended the Roman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic2. By the late 7th century, became the dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB. Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity3. The marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law4. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster5. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church6. The English Civil War broke out in 1642 between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians7. was passed after the Glorious Revolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta8. The Industrial Revolution was accomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20thChapter 31. The British government is characterized by a division of powers between three ofthe following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive2. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on .A. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude3. As a revising chamber, the House of Lords is expected to the House of commons.A. rivalB. complementC. criticizeD. inspect4. is at the center of the British political system.A. The CabinetB. The House of LordsC. The House of CommonsD. The Privy Council5. The main duty of the British Privy Council is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC. pass billsD. supervise the Cabinet6. Generally speaking, the British Parliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party7. The policies of the Conservative Party are characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism8. In Britain, the parliamentary general election is held every years.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. sixChapter 41. The in the early 1970s worsened an already stagnant economy inBritain.A. oil crisisB. high inflation ratesC. large importsD. unemployment problem2. Of the following practices, does not belong to Thatcher’s social welfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions3. The Blair government has been successful in all the following aspects except .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality4. Britain has devoted of its land area to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%5. Britain’s important fishing areas include all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland6. Coal mining industry in Britain provides of the energy consumed in the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D. 2/37. The car industry in Britain in mostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC. joint-ventureD. privately-owned8. Of the following sectors in Britain, has experienced spectacular growth since the end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC. service industryD. manufacturing industryChapter 51. In Britain, the division between grammar schools and vocational schools wereended by the introduction of comprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s2.Over of British children receive primary and secondary education through the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%3. Partially funded by central government grants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions4. To be admitted to the Open University, one needA. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General National Vocational Qualifications5. Among Britain’s quality press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “Big Three” with the exception of .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph6. Life on Earth is a kind of program produced by the BBC and is popular among 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC. documentaryD. soap opera7. is Britain’s top pay television provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD. BSkyB8. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except .A. Trooping the ColorB. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime(简答题)Chapter 11. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland?A: because they like to enjoy the beautiful Scottishscenery, to drink the scotchwhisky and to see the Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes.2. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they?A:the development of English language be divided into three period :old English , middle English ,modern English .3. Why did English become more important after the Black Death?A: the laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social important after the Black Death. So English also grew in importance compared to French .Chapter 21. What were some of Queen Victoria’s major achievements?A:the Queen Victoria’s major achievements in alm ost every aspect : she promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign , British had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass.2. What were the two camps in Europe in world war I?A: The central powers which included Germany ,Austria-Hungary , the ottoman empire and Bulgaria and allied powers which were mainly comprised of France , the Russian empire ,and British empire , Italy and the united states.3. Why did Britain cooperate closely with the united states after world war II?A: because they were allied during the war and share the same worries about the former soviet union.Chapter 31. What the three functions of the house of commons?A: the three functionsare : to draft laws, to scrutinize, criticize and restrain the activities of the governmentpolicy.2. What kind of public image dose liberal democrats have in Britain?A:the liberal democrats is perceived as “middle” between the conservation and the labor party . it is comparatively flexible and pragmatic in its balance of the individual and the social . it emphasizes the need for a change in Britain’sconstitutional arrangements to make the government more democratic and accountable.3. Why are independent candidates unlikely to win in the general election ?A; Because even if they were elected, they would be powerless in parliament. Therefore , it is not possible for many people to vote for independent candidates.Chapter 41. What was the negative aspect of Thatcher’s reform in the early 1980s?A: its negative aspect was a rapid increase in unemployment .in 1982,the unemployment rate reached the level of the great depression years, with three million people out of work.2. What are the characteristics of Britain’s agriculture?A:britain’s agriculture is characterized by a small portion of the population engaged in agriculture activities with a high degree of mechanization. Although it employs a mere 1% of the country’s labor force , it meets around 60% of the national demands.3. What happened to Britain’s beef industry in the mid-1990s?A: Britain’s beef industry was hit badly by BSE, resulting in a ban on beef exports in 1996.Chapter 51. What used to be the major functions of grammar schools and vocational schools in Britain?The major functions of grammar schools were to train the most academically capable students and prepare them for university , whereas the major functions of vocational schools were to help less successful students to learn a trade.2. What kind of subjects do Britain comprehensive schools provide?Britain comprehensive schools provide a general education, offering both academic subjects like literature and science, and practical subjects like cooking and carpentry.3. In what ways do Britishuniversities enjoy complete academic freedom? Britishuniversities enjoy complete academic freedom because they can appoint their own staff, decide which students to admit, provide their own courses and award their own degrees.4. What role dose the media play in British leisure culture?The media play an essential role in British leisure culture since it helps to shape the public’s opinion, determine people’s moral and political orientation and consolidate or undermine the rule or a government.。

英美文化概况简答论述整理

英美文化概况简答论述简答：1.The Functions of Parliament① First and foremost, it passes laws.②provides the means of carrying on the work of government by voting for taxation.③scrutinize government policy, administration and expenditure and to debate the major issues of the day.④There are no legal restraints upon Parliament. However, it does not assert its supremacy, but bears the common law in mind and acts according to precedent. Strictly speaking, the Parliament today consists of the Queen, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.2.George WashingtonGeorge Washington was one of the founding fathers of the American Republic. He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States.3.The Open UniversityThe Open University ―founded in the 1960’s for people who might not get the opportunity for higher educarion for economic and social reasons.It’s open to everybody and doesn’t demand the same formal educational qualifications as the other universities. Universities courses are following through TV, correspondence,videos and a net work of study centers. Ath the end of their studies at the Open University, successful students are awarded a university degree. Universities in the UK.4.The strategy of PreemptionIn an address delivered to the West Point graduates, President Bush, for the first time, put forward the strategy of preemption（先发制人）, which is formalized in the National Security Strategy issued in Sept. 2002.By preemption, the US means that when it determines that a country which is repressive and hostile to the US has acquired or produced weapons of mass destruction（大规模杀伤性武器）or has the potential to possess such weapons, the US should use force to remove this threat to US security and should not wait till the danger becomes imminent or until the Us is attacked. This is known as Bush Doctrine.5. Comprehensive schoolsComprehensive schools are the most popular secondary schools in Britain today. Such schools admit children without reference to their academic abilities and provide a general education. Pupils can study everything from academic subjects like literature to more practical subjects like cooking.6. The Bill of RightsThe Bill of Rights consists of the first 10 amendments which were added to the Constitution in 1791. The Bill of Rights was passed to guarantee freedom and individual rights such as freedom of speech, the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.7. A federal systemA federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts, with some rights reserved to each.8. The House of CommonsThe House of Commons is the real center of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of the people who vote for them.9. Grammar SchoolIt is a type of secondary schools in Britain. Grammar schools select children at the age 11, through an examination called “the 11-plus”.Those children with the highest marks go to grammar schools. These schools lay emphasis on advanced academic subjects rather than the more general curriculum of the comprehensive schools and expect many of their pupils to go on to universities10. PuritanismPuritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the Church of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God’s chosen people while others were damned to hell. Nither church nor good works could save people. The sign of bei ng God’s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish a direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.11. The declaration of IndependenceIt was mainly drafted by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Congress on July 4, 1776, when the people of 13 English colonies in North America were fighting for their freedom and independence from the British colonial rule.The document declared that all men were equal and that they were entitled to have some unalienable rights such as life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.It also explained the philosophy of government: the powers of governments came from the consent of the governed and the purpose of governments was to secure the rights mentioned above.The theory of politics and the guiding principles of the American Revolution mainly came from John Locke.12. The three traditions of Christmas in Britainthe Christmas Pantomime(圣诞童话剧), the Queen’s speech over the TV and radio, and the Boxing Day.13. The Bill of Rights (US)In the Bill of Rights, Americans are guaranteed freedom of religion, of speech and of the press. They have the right to assemble in public places, the right to own weapons and so on.14. The Anglo-SaxonsThe Anglo-Saxon invaders were the forefathers of the English, the founders of Anglo-land or England as it has become known.15 . Broads of education in USAIt refer to groups of people who make policies for schools at the state or district level. They also make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification and the overall measurement of student progress.16. The CommonwealthNo longer an imperial country with independence of many former colonies such as Australia, Canada, India which maintain links with Britain now through an organization called the Commonwealth of Nations (英联邦国家).17. The making of Britain’s foreign policyThe general direction of Britain’s fo reign policy is mainly decided by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The Ministry of Defence, although it is considered less important than the FCO, is an important player. It is responsible for ensuring Britain's defence and managing Britain's involvement in its military treaty commitments. The Department of Trade and Industry is concerned with formulating international trade policy and managing British commercial relations with other countries. A less obvious, but an extremely influential player in Brita in’s foreign policy is the Treasury. The Treasury makes decisions on how much money other departments can have each year.18.LondonThe Capital: LondonA cultural and economic dominance of England1. A highly urbanized country: 80% of its population living in cities, and only 2% working in agriculture2. England’s dominance in size --- largest of the four nations with largest population is reflected in a cultural and economic dominance19. The making of British foreign policyThe general direction of Bri tain’s foreign policy is mainly decided by the Prime Minister and the Cabinet. The main government department involved is of course the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), but many other government ministries also plays a part in formulating and carryin g out the government’s decisions.The Ministry of Defence, although it is considered less important than the FCO, is an important player. It is responsible for ensuring Britain's defence and managing Britain's involvement in its military treaty commitments. The Department of Trade and Industry is concerned with formulating international trade policy and managing British commercial relations with other countries.A less obvious, but an extremely influential player in Britain’s foreign policy is the Treasury. The Treasury makes decisions on how much money other departments can have each year.20. The containment policy （美国遏制政策）The US put into effect the containment policy in the late 1940s.1948, Truman Doctrine: the US would use whatever means, including military force, to prevent the SU from breaking out of its sphere of influence, so as to push back Soviet spheres until Soviet political system changed or collapsed.1950-51, the Korean War.1954-1973, the Vietnam War.The US lost 50 000 men in each of the two wars, greatly weakened the US.21. Boards of educationboards of education---refer to groups of people who make policies for schools at thestate and/or district level. They also make decisions about the school curriculum,teacher standards and certification and the overall measurement of student progress.American students pass through several levels of schooling---12 systems22. The Servicemen’s Readjustment ActPassed in 1944, It was soon popularly called the “GI Bill of Rights” . GI was anickname for the American soldier, which came from the abbreviation for“Government Issue”—the uniforms and other art icles issued” to a Soldier. The Act promised financial aid,Including aid for higher education to members of the armed forces23 .Affirmative Action ProgramsAdvocated by some colleges in 1960. The purpose of the programs was to equalizeeducational opportunities for all groups and to make up for past inequality by givingspecial preference to members of minorities seeking jobs or admission to college.论述：1.what is the US containment policy? Is it successful? Illustrate your point withfacts.1、The Containment policy(遏制政策)The US put into effect the containment policy in the late 1940s.1948, Truman Doctrine（杜鲁门主义）: the US would use whatever means, includingmilitary force, to prevent the SU from breaking out of its sphere of influence.1950-51, the Korean War.1954-1973, the Vietnam War.The US lost 50 000 men in each of the two wars.2、The containment policy in ChinaThe White Paper on China issued by the State Department in 1949 showed American hostility towards the new republic.Fighting in Korea institutionalized hostility between the two countries and extended the Cold War to Asia. The frozen relationship did not thaw until President Nixon visited Chinain 1972. The US and China normalized diplomatic relations in 1979. The strategic basisfor the two countries to come together was the struggle against Soviet expansionism.This basis lasted until 1980s and early 1990s.2. What are the foundations of Britain’s foreign policy?1. The Foundations of British Foreign PolicyThe contemporary foreign policy of the UK is greatly influenced by its imperialhistory( the most important single factor) and also by its geopolitical traits. As Britainlost its empire so recently, British policy-makers frequently forget that Britain is notas influential as it used to be in world affairs. Another decisive influence upon theway Britain handles its external affairs is geopolitical attitude to Europe.2. The Making of Britain’s Foreign PolicyThe general direction of Britain’s foreign policy is mainly d ecided by thePrime Minister and the Cabinet. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office, themain government department, plays a significant role in the making of Britain’sforeign policy.The British foreign policy is also affected by its relationship with the UnitedStates. During World War II, the two countries were closely allied andcontinued to work together closely in the postwar years.3. “British history is a history of invasion”. Please illustrate this point. How did eachof the invasion influence English culture?Before the 1st century AD, be made up of tribal kingdoms of Celtic people凯尔特人→ in 43AD, invaded by the Roman Empire罗马帝国, and England and Wales becamea part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400years→the Germanic日尔曼人 (the Angles盎格鲁人 and the Saxon 撒克逊人) invasion, Anglo-Saxon invaders became the forefathers of the English, the founders of“Angle-land” or “England” as it has become known.→from the late 8th century on,( till the 10th) raiders from Scandinavia(斯堪的纳维亚), the ferocious vikings(北欧海盗), threatened Britain’s shores, leading tolarge areas of northern and eastern England were under their control.→the year of 1066, Norman invasion; Under William Normandy (known as “William the Conqueror”征服者威廉一世 ),they defeated an English army under KingHarold(英格兰最后一位撒克逊民族的国王).The next 300years may be thought of as a Norman aristocracyruling a largelySaxon and English speaking population→the next few hundred years followingthe Norman invasion was a process of joining together the various parts of theBritish Isles under English rule; at the same time, power was gradually transferred(转移)from the monarch (君主)to parliament(议会,国会).→1640-1651,England was ruled by parliament’s leader, Oliver Cromwell(克伦威尔)→in 1651, the monarch was restored.→in 1688,the parliament invited Williamand Mary (from Holland) to take the throne, thus finally establishing parliament’s dominance over the thron(1689年,议会通过权利法案,限制国王权力,从此确立延续至今的君主立宪制)4. How do you understand that Britain has a “special relationship” with the US?The British foreign policy is also affected by its relationship with the United States.During World War II, the two countries were closely allied and continued to work together closely in the postwar years, because they had many things in commonabout the past and the world situation.Even today, British and American policy-makers share the general ideas in many aspects. However, Britain’s “special relationship” with the USA has gone through upsand downs. The British are beginning to realize that their own foreign policy actionscan be limited by the United States. But both sides have worked hard to maintain the “special relations”.As a part of its NATO commitments, the British host a large American military presence. There are 63 American military bases in Britain.5.What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the US government?How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other?The three branches—the Executive, headed by the president; the Legislative,including both houses of Congress (the Senate and the House ofRepresentative) and the Judicial, headed by the Supreme Court.The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution andother cases which do not arise out of individual states. (联邦法院对涉及联邦宪法的案件有审判权)The Supreme Court consists of nine Justices: the Chief Justice of the United Statesand eight Associate Justices. They have equal weight when voting on a case and theChief Justice has no casting vote (决定票) or power to instruct colleagues.The Supreme Court has the judicial review power, the power determining whether congressional legislation or executive action violates the Constitution. 重要职能包括决定国会法案或行政法令是否违宪。

英美文化答案解析

英美文化答案解析【篇一：英美文化答案解析】1、introduction to course1.1、western names1.2、what is culture1、cultureis the beliefs, ( ) and way-of-life of a community or society.a、traditionsb、habitsc、customsd、costumes 我的答案：c得分：33.3 分2、which one is not the keyaspect of chinese culture?( )a、chinese foodb、spring festivelc、chinese medicined、football 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分3、chineseculture is better than american culture.( )2、geography of the usa2.1、topography of the usa1、which is the largest statesby population?( )a、texasb、new yorkc、californiad、florida 我的答案：c 得分：33.3 分2、() and hawaii are seperated from american mainland.a、coloradob、indianac、alabamad、alaska 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分 3、 the two significant mountain ranges ofamerican are ( ) and appalachian mountains. a、rocky mountains b、andes mountains c、alps mountains d、atlas mountains 我的答案：a 得分：33.3 分2.2、three icons of america1、why is yellowstone national park important?( ) a、becauseit is the first national park in the world. b、because it is in america. c、because it is the biggest national park in america. d、because it is the first national park in america.我的答案：a 得分：33.3 分2、washington, jefferson, () and lincoln s faces are made onthe mount rushmore.( ) a、madison b、roosevelt c、kennedy d、adams我的答案：b 得分：33.3 分3、which country provided the statue of liberty to america?( )a、the united kingdomb、canadac、australiad、france 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分2.3、comparison of the usa and china (1)1、in 2013, the populationof china is about ( ) more than that of america.a、3 timesb、4 timesc、5 timesd、6 times 我的答案：b 得分：20.0 分2、which one is wrong, about thegeography of america and china?( )a、china has more railways than america.b、america has two neighbour countries, canada and mexico.c、both america and china s climates vary greatly.d、america s land is less than china s, but water in america is more than china. 我的答案：a得分：20.0 分3、which is notthe major environment issues of america?( )a、air pollutionb、water shortagec、loss of agricultural landd、desertification 我的答案：c 得分：20.0 分4、thetotal area of china is bigger than america.( )5、america spopulation growth rate is lower than china s.( )2.4、comparison of the usa and china (2)1、allthe countries in the world adopt the metric system, except ( ), myanmar and liberia. a、the uk b、the usac、franced、japan 我的答案：b 得分：25.0 分2、in china,the life expectancy is ( ) years.a、70b、72c、75d、79 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分3、thefirst three ethnic groups in the usa are ( ).a、white, hispanic and blackb、white, black and hispanicc、white, black and asiand、white, asian and black 我的答案：a得分：25.0 分4、1kilogram is ( ) pounds.a、0.6b、1.7c、2.1d、2.2 我的答案：d 得分：25.0 分3、economy of the usa3.1、overview1、which countryis the second largest economy in the world?( )a、chinab、japanc、south koread、germany 我的答案：d 得分：0.0 分2、which one offollowing is not an american company?( )a、googleb、cocacolac、facebookd、airbus 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分3、percapita means a person.( )我的答案：√得分：33.3 分3.2、comparison of usa and china1、which one is right about thelabour force in america and china?( )3.3、agriculture in the usa1、(), missouri, iowa, oklahoma and california have the most farms in the usa.a、arizonab、marylandc、texasd、nevada4、in 2008, most ofamerican agriculture imports were from china.( )3.4、global financial crisis1、which one offollowing is wrong about the gfc recession? ( )a、banks stopped lending.b、companies cut jobs.c、stock market crashed.d、people got more job opportunity. 我的答案：d 得分：25.0 分 2、recession is ( ) of negative gdp growth. a、1 quarter b、2 quarters c、3 quarters d、4 quarters 我的答案：d得分：25.0 分 3、the gfc recession started in ( ). a、the usa b、the uk c、japan d、france 我的答案：a 得分：25.0 分 4、china was not affected much by the gfc recession.( ) 我的答案：√得分：25.0 分3.5、a hero and a villain1、berniemadoff s clients lost about ( ) billion dollars.a、10b、204、history of america4.1、discovery of the new world1、themain european power was spain, france, ( ) and great britain.4.2、british colonies1、thebritain founded ( ) colonies along the east coast in america.a、11b、12c、13d、14 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分2、thefirst fight between local people and british soldiers was at ( ).a、washington d.c.b、new yorkc、bostond、lexington and concord 我的答案：d 得分：25.0 分 3、john adams, roger sherman, robert livingston, thomas jefferson and ( ) wrote the declaration of independence. a、benjamin franklin b、abraham lincoln c、george washington d、paul revere 我的答案：a 得分：25.0 分 4、british people migrated to america with the ship called mayflower in 1620.( ) 我的答案：√得分：25.0 分4.3、american war of independence1、thewar of independence was between ( ).4.4、building the new nation1、therewere ( ) chief justice in the supreme court.a、 1b、3c、 8d、9 我的答案：a 得分：25.0 分2、alexanderhamilton was the first secretary of ( ) of america.4.5、a hero, traitor and genius1、which one is wrongabout benjamin franklin?( )a、he was also a doctor.b、he loved reading.c、he startedthe first public library in philadelphia. d、he was 81 when he went to the constitutional convention. 我的答案：a 得分：20.0分2、georgewashington declared ( )a、thanksgiving dayb、christmasc、halloweend、new year s day 我的答案：a 得分：20.0 分3、which one is right about georgewashington?( )5、benjamin franklin wasborn in a rich family and well educated.（）4.6、timeline of major events (1800-1899)1、thefirst railway was built in ( ).a、1827b、1828c、1829d、1830 我的答案：b 得分：33.3 分 2、the war with mexico was started in ( ). a、1846 b、1847 c、1848 d、1849 我的答案：a 得分：33.3 分 3、the first telephone line was built in 1877.( ) 我的答案：√得分：33.3 分4.7、territorial expansion1、americapurchased louisiana territory with ( ) million dollars from france.a、 2b、5c、10d、15 我的答案：d 得分：20.0 分 2、which one is wrong about hawaii?( ) a、it is in the atlantic ocean. b、there are 8 main islands. c、it is the 50th states of america. d、america took over hawaii government from the local king. 我的答案：a 得分：20.0 分 3、texas was the ( ) state of america. a、26th b、27th c、28th d、29th 我的答案：c 得分：20.0 分 4、the usa purchased florida from ( ). a、spain4.8、the american civil war1、which one offollowing is wrong about abraham lincoln?( )5、in the civilwar, the north lost more people than the south.( )我的答案：√得分：20.0 分4.9、america s economic development1、which one is wrongabout john d. rockefeller?( ).a、he established his first oil refinery when he was 24.b、at first, he worked as a bookkeeper.c、when he was 20, hestarted his own company. d、he donated all his money to the rockefeller foundation.我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分 2、which one is wrong aboutthomas edison?( ) a、he was educated in school. b、his firstjob is telegraph operator. c、he had many patents. d、he invented electric light bulb. 我的答案：a 得分：33.3 分 3、because the northern america is cold, james naismith invented basketball which is a good sport for winter.( ) 我的答案：√得分：33.3 分4.10、timeline of major events (1900-2014)1、thefirst long distance telephone was built in ( ).a、1915b、1916c、1917d、1918 我的答案：a 得分：33.3 分 2、in ( ), the first humans walked on the moon. a、1967 b、1968 c、1969 d、1970 我的答案：c 得分：33.3 分3、presidentnixon visited china in ( ).a、1971b、1972c、1973d、1974 我的答案：b 得分：33.3 分4.11、the panama canal1、thepanama canal was finally built by a ( ) consortium.a、franceb、italyc、britaind、america 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分 2、why did the french consortium gave up to build the canal?( )4.12、the great depression1、which one is wrongabout franklin delano roosevelt?( )4.13、the cold war1、why didthe cold war avoid direct conflict?( )a、because the second world war was just finished.5、because4.14、911 war on terror1、which one is wrongabout 9/11?( )5、political system of america 15.1、the american constitution1、which is notthe three basic principles of the consititution?( )a、republicb、federationc、rule of lawd、freedom 我的答案：c 得分：0.0 分 2、( ) was elected as the chairman of the constitutional convention. a、abraham lincoln b、george washington c、benjamin franklin d、alexander hamilton 我的答案：b 得分：25.0 分 3、the constituional convention was heldin philadelphia.( ) 我的答案：√得分：25.0 分4、theamerican consitituion is only 4 pages.( )我的答案：√得分：25.0 分5.2、a government of 3 branches1、thereare ( ) justices in the supreme court.a、 6b、7c、 8d、9 我的答案：d 得分：25.0 分 2、the legislative branch is to ( ). a、interpret laws b、execute laws c、change laws d、make laws 我的答案：d 得分：25.0 分 3、there are ( ) congressional districts in the house of representatives.a、200b、2315.3、characteristics of the constitution1、theamerican bill of rights was effective in ( ).a、1787b、1786c、1791d、1792 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分2、president obamais the ( ) president of america.6、political system of america 26.1、political parties1、thesymbol of the democratic party is ( ).a、eagleb、elephantc、donkeyd、horse4、themembership of the democratic party is hard.( )6.2、voting1、registeringto vote costs ( ).6.3、elections1、in (), barack obama was elected as the 44th president of the usa.a、2006b、2007c、2008d、2009 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分 2、the american president can be elected for ( ). a、many times4、in 2012presidential election, mitt romney is from republican party.( )我的答案：√得分：25.0 分7、religion in america7.1、what is religion1、which is notthe reason why people are religious?( )7.2、major religions1、thebiggest religion by followers is ( ).a、islamb、hinduismc、christianityd、buddhism 我的答案：c 得分：33.3 分 2、people follow hinduism are mainly from ( ).7.3、christianity1、about () of christians belong to catholics.a、45%b、50%c、55%d、60% 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分 2、the leader of catholic church is called ( ) a、priest b、pastor c、disciple d、pope 我的答案：d 得分：25.0 分 3、originally, the christians were called catholics.( ) 我的答案：√得分：25.0 分4、thereare no catholics in china.( )7.4、religion in america1、accordingto the 2008 aris, ( ) of american follow christianity.a、76%b、70%c、51%d、40% 我的答案：a 得分：25.0 分 2、according to aris, in 1990, 2001, 2008, the number of christian, catholic and ( ) decease. a、judaismb、islamc、protestantd、no religion 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分 3、which is not the key characteristics of religion in america?( ) a、seperation of church and state b、variety of belief c、concerned with morality d、helping everyone in the world 我的答案：d 得分：25which is not the reason why people are religious.0 分4、agnostic is 100%certain that there is no god.( )7.5、china1、why doesn t western scholarsthink confucianism is religion?( )8、way of life 18.1、way of life (1-1)1、thesuper bowl is usually held ( ).a、at the end of januaryb、in marchc、in may4、in 2013, theseattle seahawks was the best defensive team during the season.( )我的答案：√得分：25.0 分8.2、way of life (1-2)1、michaelphelps won ( ) olympic medals.8.3、way of life (1-3)1、themost popular pets in america is ( ).a、dogb、fishc、birdd、cat 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分 2、in america, about ( ) of household have at least one pet.a、60%b、65%c、70%d、75% 我的答案：b 得分：33.3 分 3、it s expensive to have a horse.( ) 我的答案：√得分：33.3 分8.4、way of life (1-4)1、why don tmany people in new york city want a car?( )a、because car is expensive in new york city.b、becausetraffic is bad in new york city. c、because there is no place to park cars in new york city. d、because the number of cars is limited by government. 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分 2、in 2013,the best seller in china was ( ). a、gm b、ford c、toyota d、volkswagen 我的答案：c 得分：0.0 分 3、which car companyhas the most market in america?( ) a、gm b、ford c、toyota d、honda 我的答案：b 得分：0.0 分 4、in america and australia, people prefer to big motorbikes.( ) 我的答案：√得分：25.0 分8.5、way of life (1-5)1、in american countries,( ) has the highest homicide rate.a、usab、brazilc、jamaicad、honduras 我的答案：a 得分：0.0 分 2、which is not the reason why american people like guns.( ) a、personal protection4、 overthe lasr few years, guns are becoming more and more popularin america.( )5、theviolent crime rate delines when the incarceration rate increases.( )我的答案：√得分：20.0 分9、way of life 29.1、way of life 2-11、68% ofthe 79 inventors with more than 300 utility paten families are from ( ).9.2、way of life 2-21、the9.3、way of life 2-31、which is rightabout american college?( )9.4、way of life 2-41、45is belong to ( ) at the stages in a person s life. a、young adult b、middle age c、mature d、senior 我的答案：b 得分：33.3 分 2、when is the independent day of america?( ) a、3rd june b、4th june c、3rd july d、4th july 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分 3、10%of people in america use left hand.( ) 我的答案：√得分：33.3 分9.5、way of life 2-51、whois the most powerful person according to the 2013 forbeslist?( )10、way of life 310.1、way of life 3-11、which is wrongabout american people?( )a、american people are patriotic.b、american people like totalk about politics and religion. c、american people are outspoken. d、american people respect time. 我的答案：b 得分：25.0 分 2、which one of following is polite in western culture?( )a、throwing paper on the groundb、smoking in restaurantc、spitting in the streetd、waiting bus in a queue 我的答案：d 得分：25.0 分 3、in western countries, eye contact is important.( ) 我的答案：√得分：25.0 分4、in western countries, peopledon t always say thank you to other people.( )10.2、way of life 3-21、in america, it s commonto add ( ) to a bill as a tip.a、10%-15%b、15%c、15%-20%d、20% 我的答案：c 得分：25.0 分 2、which one of following statement is wrong?( ) a、in western countries, drivers can speak on the mobile phonewhile driving. b、in western countries, when pedestrians are walking on zebra crossing, cars must stop. c、in western countries, you should chew with mouth closed. d、in western countries, before taking more food, you should finish what you have in your mouth. 我的答案：a 得分：25.0 分 3、the first course in western food is called (). a、main course b、dessert 10.3、way of life 3-31、which statementabout western marriage is wrong?( )4、manywestern students go on a gap year after finishing highschool.( )我的答案：√得分：25.0 分10.4、way of life 3-41、which one offollowing is not the feature of australia?( )a、koalab、kangarooc、aboriginesd、maoris 我的答案：d 得分：33.3 分 2、the capital city of australia is ( ). a、sydney b、canberra c、melbourne d、brisbane 我的答案：b 得分：33.3 分3、most islandof australia is dessert.( )我的答案：√得分：33.3 分【篇二：英美文化答案解析】圣才学习网是一家为全国各类考试和专业课学习提供高清视频课程、3d电子书、3d题库、圣才图书等学习产品的教育类网站，拥有近100种考试（含418个考试科目）、194种经典教材（含英语、经济、管理、证券、金融等共16大类），合计近万小时的高清视频课程，包括考研考博、英语类、证券类、管理类、心理类、工程类、医学类等34个类别的考试和经典教材。

英文介绍英美文化

英文介绍英美文化British and American cultureBritish and American culture are two distinct but closely related cultures that have been influenced by each other for centuries. British culture is generally considered to be more conservative and traditional while American culture is more forward-looking and experimental. Here, we will explore the main features of these cultures.British cultureBritish culture is closely linked to its history and traditional values. The country is famous for its literary tradition, including the works of Shakespeare, Dickens, and other great writers. It is also famous for its cuisine, including dishes such as fish and chips, steak and kidney pie, and shepherd's pie. British culture is also known for its tradition of formality and ceremony, including the importance of being properly dressed and carrying out proper etiquette.American cultureAmerican culture is known for its openness and experimentalism. The country is famous for its music, including such artists as The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, and Bob Dylan. It is also famous for its fashion, including styles such as jeans and T-shirts, and its culture of hip-hop and rap. American culture is also known for its strong emphasis on individualism and independence, as well as its emphasis on personal freedom and expression.。

英美文化与概况复习题

英美文化与概况期末考试填空与简答复习题1、正误判断题：( 40题)判断下列题目的正误：1.Ireland was an independent kingdom before the Anglo-Saxon invaders came. ( )2.State-run school in Britain is also called public school. ( )3.Britain is an island country, with its coastline running about 8,000 kilometers. ( )4.Most British families are extended families. ( )5.Great Britain’s coastline is highly regular with many bays and inlets that provide lots ofharbors and shelters for ships and boats. ( )6.Hispanics refers to the Spanish-speaking people from Latin America. ( )7.To the north of Great Britain the seaway is open and leads to the Arctic Ocean. ( )8.Most Jews went to America during the First World War. ( )9.Most English weather experts find it easy to give a correct and reliable weather forecast.( )10.Both Welsh and Scottish people are descendents of Celts. ( )11.Noble class has already disappeared in Britain since the first industrial revolution. ( )12.Nowadays, a majority of British people believe in the Church of Rome. ( )13.Nowadays, marriage is still regarded as a holy relationship and can not be terminated tilldeath. ( )14.The development of Middle English was greatly influenced by French and Latin. ( )15.Like U.S.A, the United Kingdom is also a melting-pot of different cultures. ( )16.London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. ( )n and black minorities are no longer suffering from discrimination and disadvantages.( )18.The Constitution of the United States provides that vice-president shall be President of theSenate. ( )19.English people originate from the descendents of English-speaking Anglo-Saxons and theJutes. ( )20.The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States. ( )21.The expansion of the British Empire helped to spread English into many countries and placesall over the world. ( )22. Henry VI was responsible for the establishment of the Church of England. ( )23. In terms of structure, the British central government includes three parts: the monarch, Parliament, and the cabinet. ( )24. Britain was the first nation to establish a nuclear power station. ( )25. Parliament is the supreme legislative organ of the United Kingdom. It consists of three parts: the prime minister, the House of Lords, and the House of Commons. ( )26. Britain produced many great scientists, such as Newton, Faraday, Darwin and Einstein. ( )27. The nationalized industries in Britain include coalmining, electricity, telecommunications, railways, etc. ( )28. One of the basic principles of English law is “natural law”, which means moral law. ( )29. Britain has more than 90 universities, and about one-third of their students are postgraduates.( )30. Easter Day always arrives in summer. ( )31. To expand higher education, Britain founded the TV University in 1969. ( )32. British universities generally aim to develop students’creativity and analytical skills for careers. ( )33. British universities, different in size and academic level, are governed in a different way. ( )34. Most students, poor or rich, try to earn some money by taking jobs in winter for six weeks. ( )35. In British legal system, the principle of “habeas Corpus”serves as a protection against arbitrary arrest and imprisonment. ( )36. More than 81 Oxford mathematicians and scientists have won Nobel prizes. ( )37. Prime ministers from 1945 to 1974 were once students at Cambridge. That is why the Cambridge University is called “the cradle of British prime ministers.”( )38. Nowadays, Thanksgiving Day has generalized to be a reminder of being grateful for all you hope to possess. ( )39. Easter Day is the second most important religious holidays for Christians in the United States. ( )40. The life of congress is two years, and Representatives come up for re-election every four years ( )2、知识填空题：( 40题)在下列空格中填入正确的信息词，使其句子意思完整正确：1.Of all these isles, the largest one is called . For the sake of convenience,GreatBritain is often shortened to .2.United Kingdom is made up of four parts, __________, ____________, Scotland and_________________.3.The island of Great Britain can be divided into two parts according to itsgeographic features: the in the north and west and the in the south and southeast.4.In America, The presiding officer of the senate is the _________________ of theUnited States who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session.5.Britain did not produce cotton and textile industry used to rely on _______ as the principalfiber.6.In Britain, the city ___________ is well known for its production of automobiles, electricityequipment, electronics, munitions, and arms.7.British government is produced through contest between two major political parties every____ years8.British can enjoy higher education in three ways: _____________, polytechnics and__________________.9.Mainland America is situated in the southern part of North America with two land Neighbors,_________ to the north and _________ to the south.10.The longest river in Britain is the River ，which runs 355 kilometers and emptiesinto the Bristol Strait.11._____________ is the place where American President lives and works.12.British’s population is overwhelmingly , with about 90% living in urban areas and10% living in areas.13.Britain invented the locomotive and was the first country to build a in the world in1825.14.One of the most important US government principle is “Checks and ___________”.15.The majority of the British people believe in , which is the religion of the followersof .16.The most important and longest river running through the middle plain of America is_____________________.17.The U.K. has two churches: the Church of and the Churchof .18.Important heavy industries in Britain include _____________ and _____________.19.is the official language of the United Kingdom as well as the first language ofthe vast majority of its citizens.20.The power of Federal Government in America comes from the power delegated from_________ government.20. In Britain, the place where parliament has sessions in London is ________________.21. The US Congress has two chambers, the _________ and the ______________________. The Senate comprises ___ Senators, _____ from each of the 50 states22. In early times, British nobility can be divided into nobility and nobility according to the amount of the land they possessed.23. In Britain, the nucleus of the government is known as the , which is headed by the prime minister.24. In the United Kingdom, politics is under the control of political , and this is known as party politics.25. The US Constitution protects freedom of ________ and freedom of _________ so that common people can make their opinions known.26. The highest court in Britain is __________________.27. If the jury cannot reach a unanimous agreement, it becomes known as a jury.28. The English legal profession is divided into two branches:and .29. Britain was the first country to introduce a new economic system known as enterprise.30.To meet the increasing need and protect environment, Britain has begun to develop some new energies, such as _________, deriving from waste and crops..31.Traditionally, the British culture has been characterized by its requirement of and civility in doing things.32. To the south of San Francisco locates a famous valley, named __________________, which has now become the center of America’s electronic industry.33. The Mississippi River V alley, also known as the ______________, consists of the large area between the ____________ on the east and the __________ Mountains on the west.34. Britain has traditionally been a manufacturing nation and was once known as the “__ of the world.”35. One of the most famous natural park in America, Yellow Stone National Park, is situated in the state _________.36. ____________, the most striking gambling city in America, completely relies on the water from the Colorado River.37. Everything related with family life, including family meals, is regarded as in Britain.38. The working class people usually have a “tea” with hot dishes at about 5 o’clock in the afternoon; while the middle-class people normally have an early “tea” at about 4 or 5 o’clock in the afternoon.40.Private schools in Britain are officially called schools because they are independent of the government.2、简答问题：（15题）简要回答下列问题：1.Why is America compared to a melting-pot?2.What are the characters of typical British people?3.Why do British people like to talk about weather so much?4.What changes have taken place in British families? What are the possible causes forthose changes?5.Who are the famous Queens in British history? Please write down their names.6.What are the advantages and disadvantages of Jury Trial?7.What are the popular festivals in America? Please list two or three names of them.8.What is the function of monarch in Britain?9.Why is British government system called “Constitutional Monarchy”?10.Please list some famous rivers in America.11.What measures can government take to adjust the development of economy?12.Why do some Historians call black Americans “unwilling immigrants”?13.What are the factors that can help you decide social status of a man in British society?14.What are the spirits American People worship?15.How does American government system demonstrate the principle of “Checks andBalances”?。

英美文化概况

英美文化概况1.Emancipists: The emancipists are ex-convicts who were fully or conditionally pardoned for conduct or service. They became successful farmers,lawyers, architects and government administrators. They contributed a lot to the development of Australian society. By the 1820s, a third of the richest men in the colony were emancipists, among them were Mary Reiby and James Ruse.2.Wakefield Scheme: Wakefield Scheme was devised by Edward Wakefield, a convict and theorist on colonization, to solve the problems of labour shortage in colonial Australia. His proposal on the development of colonial Australia was that land should not be freely and cheaply available. It should be sold at sufficient price to ensure that only men of capital could afford it. The money earned from selling land should be used to assist selected free migrants to Australia.3.The “Washminster” form of polity: The “Washminster” form of polity is adopted by the Australia government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political structure of the government is based on a Federation of States with a three-tier system of government. However, the thief executive is a Prime Minister, instead of a President as in the US system.4.The advantages of the pluralist form of government: The advantages of the pluralist form of government are : it enables the citizens to exercise their political right to choose their own government; it secures transparency and accountability of the government; it provides for an alternative government which cancompetently take over the state affairs should any government collapse; the citizens can exert their power through major interest groups.5.Multiculturalism: Multiculturalism was adopted in 1973. It was comprised of policy: Cultural Identity, which means the right to express and share one’s cultural heritage; Social Justice, to right to equal treatment and opportunity; and Economic Efficiency, the need to maintain and develop the skills of all Australia regardless of their backgrounds6.The Write Australia Policy: The White Australia Policy was officially adopted by the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901, in the Immigration Restriction Art. It was made to stop Chinese and other non-British migrants form entering and setting down in Australia. This was mainly achieved through a diction test in a European language. The White Australia Policy was officially abolished in 1973.7.The Resource Management Act：The Resource Management Act reflects New Zealander s’ environmental awareness. Under the Act, laws governing land, air and water resources are combined together to ensure the sustainable management of natural resources. It focuses on the effects of human activities on the whole environment as well. The Act came into force in 1991. With it, New Zealand leads the World in environmental legislation.8.MMPR：MMPR stands for Mixed Member Proportional Representation. Under this new election system, each voter has two votes, the first one for a candidate in their electorate, the second for a political party. The second vote, when counted nation-wide, decides the number of seats each party will take in Parliament.9.Structures of government：Canada’s system o f government is based on the British system of parliamentary democracy. Like Britain, Canada is a monarchy. The official head of state is the Queen, but she is represented by an official called a Governor General as she doesn’t live in Ca nada. Canada is a federation with ten provinces and three territories. The gov ernment of the country is referred to as “the federal government”, to distinguish it fromthe lower level government of each province. The Canadian parliament is divided into the House of Commons and the Senate. The members of the House of Commons are elected, whereas the senators are appointed by the Governor General, who acts upon the recommendation of the Prime Minister. The party that wins the most seats in the House of Commons forms the Government and the party leader becomes Prime Minister. The cabinet, chosen by the Prime Minister, is made up of senior MPs from the governing party.10.Immigration policy of Canada: Canada’s immigration policy is mainly based on practical economic considerations. Immigration meant importing labour, even today immigration policy is based on who the country needs to help it prosper. Another characteristic is that it accepts more readily groups who will more easily fit into the Canadian society. These make Canada look hard-headed rather than humanization. There have been changes in immigration regulations and practices, and the Canadian immigration record is significantly less racist than it used to be.11.Three factors that influence Canadian economy：First of all, Canadian economy is influenced by Canada’s physical geograph y, which is rich in natural resources; but the huge sizeand small population of the country has made extracting and transporting goods to markets difficult. The second influence is its neighbour, the United States, which has a much more powerful economy and a larger market. This means that trade has quite naturally developed and regions. The third influence is federal government’s intervention in the economy: the federal government has constantly intervened in the development of the country’s re sources and infrastructure,rather than allowing market forces to play a full role.12.Canada-US Free Trade Agreement：The Free Trade Agreement was negotiated between Canada and the United States when conservative leader Brian Malroney was the Prime Minister of Canada. FTA came into effect on January 1, 1989 with a schedule of removing tariff protection on most items by 1998. The idea was that freer international trade is beneficial to all. For Canada, this has been an “imperfect” and controversial agreement. One controversial aspect was the agreement to allow free movement of agriculture products, which put Canadian farmers into direct competition with their larger, more competitive American counterparts. Another controversial issue was the provision of a guarantee that US would retain access to Canadian energy supplies in case of emergency or changes in world supplies, which some critics said was a loss of Canadian sovereignty. Entering into the FTA also meant a new, reduce role in the economy for a government that has been by tradition, very interventionist. However, FTA will probably bring benefits in the long run as the world becomes more economically interdependent and more tolerant of the free trade principles envisioned by the GATT.13.Canada-US relations：The Canadian-US relationship isunique in many ways：First, they are two of the most open and interconnected societies in the world. The sovereignty of the two countries is less formal and concrete. Second, they share a long, undefended border. And they participated in the same military alliance, most notably, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Third, they also share long term interests in their economy. And to facilitate economic integration, the two countries established the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). However, in Canadian-US relationship, there are points where differences of opinion occur. Canadian-American relations have often been rocky because of disagreements over foreign policy.14.The first Nations:The First Nations are the native tribes of aboriginal people who lived in Canada before the European explorers settled. They were officially referred to as “the First Nations” because they are the original inhabit ants of the country, and because there is not one single group or culture—there are many “nations”, or tribes, which have different languages, customs and beliefs.1.Describe women’s situation in the colonial Australia.From 1788 to the 1830s, many wives of convicts made desperate efforts to be brought out to live with their husbands.For these wives, being left behind in the UK often meant deprivation even death, for them and their children. A women was claimed as a servant and /or a concubine. Convicts could claim the remaining women. The women who were not claimed claimed either sle pt on the streets or were sent to the “Female Factory”-a prison in Paramatta. Single women were at risk of being viciously treated. For women this vicious system meant that they were obliged to work and sleep with one man or bear the considerable risks of being shared between men.Women in the colony had little choice between an informal family relationship or prostitution.1.What are some of the key changes that have been introduced by the Australia government since 2007?Some key changes have been introduced since 2007. The government has withdrawn its troops from Iraq, although it maintains military support for the USA involvement in Afghanistan. The Labour Government also abandoned the Liberal Party’s commitment to a balanced budget by making major government investments in education, health, communications and the environment. The other major political change in the 21st century has been the increased popular support for the Green Party.3.How has New Zealand avoided the air, water and land pollution problems that other industrialized countries have?Favourable geographic features, low population and a late development of industry mean New Zealand has avoided the air, water and land pollution problems of more densely populated and heavily industrialized countries.Individuals and their local authorities reduce waste and recycle their rubbish. There are no nuclear power plants or weapons. New Zealand has significantly influenced international attitudes on ozone depletion, whaling, sustainable forestry and the relationship between trade and the environment issues, such as climate change, biodiversity, pollution and waste.4.What is so unique about Canadian-American relations?Canadian-American relationship is a unique one: they are two of the most open and inter connected societies in the world. Unlike relations between other states, the sovereignty of the two countries is less formal and concrete and it is pointed out that,fo r example, Canada doesn’t have a “policy” for dealing with its neighbour. Canadian-American relations have often been rocky because of disagreements over foreign policy. Two heads of state nearly coming to blows—but in a way it characterizes the closeness of the relationship between Canada and the USA. Like brothers, these two countries may quarrel sometimes, but their relationship is too important to ever be seriously jeopardized by disagreements over short- and medium- term issues.。

英美文化概论问答题

1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain?—— In 55 BC and 54 BC, Julius Caesar, a Roman general, invaded Britain twice. In AD 43, the Emperor Claudius invaded Britain successfully. For nearly 400 years Britain was under the Roman occupation, though it was never a total occupation. British recorded history begins with the Roman invasion.2. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?—— The Great Charter, or the Magna Carta, was document signed in 1215 between the barons and King John. It had altogether 63 clauses, of which the most important contents were these: (1) no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; (2) no freeman should be arrested, imprisoned, or deprived of his property except by the law of the land; (3) the church should possess all its rights and privileges; (4) London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges; (5) there should be the same weights and measures throughout the country. The Great Charter was a statement of the feudal and legal relationship between the Crown and the barons, a guarantee of the freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of the king, but it has long been regarded as the foundation of English liberties.3. Why did the early settlers come to America? Who were the Pilgrims? Who were the Puritans? What were the features in the colonial period which had influence on later American development?——The early settlers came to America either for the opportunity to realize their dreams and better their lives or for the freedom from religious and governmental persecution. The Pilgrims were persons who suffered religious persecution in England and went to Holland and later moved to America in 1620. The Puritans were the members of a Protestant group in England who wanted to purify the Church of England. Dissatisfied and threatened in England, they saw America as a refuge and migrated to America since 1630. There were a number of features in the colonial period which had influence on later American development. They were: representative form of government, rule of law, respect of individual rights, religious tolerance and a strong spirit of individual enterprise.4. What were the causes of the War of Independence?——The economy in the thirteen colonies developed very fast and people wanted more power to determine their own business. But the policy of the British government was to bring the development under control and to collect more taxes from the colonies. On April 19, 1775, on their way to Concord to seize the military supplies of the militia there, the British soldiers met armed militiamen. The shots were fired, the War of Independence began.I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.A.Roman invasionB. the Norman Conquest9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet12. The Hundred Years’ war started in ____ and ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor15. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.A. independent schoolsB. junior schoolsC. independent schoolsD. primary schools38. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.A. receive completely free educationB. receive parly free educationC. receive no free education if their families are richD. receive no free education at all39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.A. largestB. second largestC. third largestD. fourth largest40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.A. the MississippiB. the MissouriC. the HudsonD. the Ohio41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.A. the PotomacB. the ColumbiaC. the Rio Grande RiverD. the Colorado43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.A. the American WestB. the Great PlainsC. the MidwestD. the Middle Atlantic States44. The M idwest in America’s most important _____ area.A. agriculturalB. industrialC. manufacturingD. mining in dustry45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.A. separate educational facilities had been illegalB. educational facilities had been separate but equalC. educational facilities had been equalD. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal47. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.A. Ireland/FranceB. England/ChinaC. Scotland/EnglandD. England/Netherland51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.A. James MadisonB. Thomes JeffersonC. Alexander HamiltonD. George Washington52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.A. the First Continental CongressB. the Second Continental CongressC. the Third Continental CongressD. the Constitutional Convention53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.A. SaratogaB. GettysburgC. TrentonD. Yorktown54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____.A. the Articles of ConfederationB. the Bill of RightC. the Civil RightsD. Federalist Papers55. President Jeffer son bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.A. New MexicoB. the Louisiana TerritoryC. KansasD. Ohio56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.A. Paul RevereB. John LockeC. CornwallisD. Frederick DouglassII. Fill in the blanks:1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _______, while the east and south-east are mostly______.2. Welsh is located in the ______ of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them, the _____ gave their name to English people.5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William’s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s po pulation from four million to ______ million by the end of the 14th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______ farmers.11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported _______.13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and _______. The former were the forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that could be applied to textile and other machinery.17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “______” of the world.24. The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is _____.25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____ and ______.30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of (______ in Northen Ireland) and _____.32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries.35. In ____, Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states.36. In the Great Lakes, only _____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared with Ganada.37. _______ is separated from the main land by Canada.38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as _____.39. _____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and _____.41. The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the ______ and ________ industry.42. New England is sometimes called the ______ of America.43. _______ is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in five moves to a new home every year.II. Fill in the blanks:1. highlands, lowlands2. west3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles5. Hastings6. feudal7. Domesday Book, 10868. Thomas Becket9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. Winston Churchill19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology 23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, district councils 26. innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service, social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32. eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the Continental Divide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace 43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-Americanshe Magna Carta (Barons Vs the King)♦Henry II –Richard – John (1199)♦“King of Lackland” granted the list of demands of the barons and signed The Magna Carta (Great Charter) in 1215, which contains:♦①extra payments not exacted without the vassals consent;♦②laws not arbitrarily modified♦③the king not free from lawSignificance: freedom of trade and self-government of the townspeople; merchants and craftsmen appeared as a political force; formation of liberty, limitation of King’s power8. List the reasons why people migrate to the United States. (5%)Many people see America as the land of opportunity - the land of milk and honey - the Promised Land. Whether this is true or not, it becomes a matter of personal experience. For many, the move to America may be the best thing they ever did, and these are the people who become successful in their endeavors. For other people, the move to America may become a nightmare, and this will depend under what conditions these people moved to this country. The issue is that for illegal immigrants,it will be much difficult to find better employment, which may end up slowing down their dreams and shortening their quality of life and opportunities. Therefore, to be able to have certain advantage, immigrating legally is number one option when moving to America.People come to America in search of better employment opportunities and more money.For many people, moving here represents a better way of life and more freedom of expression.Another reason is the cost of living. In many European countries, the cost of living is much higher than in the USA, so if they have similar political liberties, they decide to move to America. Others visit and see those liberties in amazement and decide they want to enjoy that type of freedom. Other foreigners may have relatives in the country and decide to come to America as well.The American Dream•The pursuit of the American Dream has been alive in the imagination of its immigrants since the beginning of the nation. Many people havebeen inspired by the belief that in the United States, hard work leads toprosperity and social mobility.Pop Culture•After World War II, the United States has exported its popular culture to the world. Many aspiring immigrants grew up watching U.S. movies and television, listening to U.S. music and wanting to wear and possess U.S.brands. This American image represented all that was cool and modern for the youth abroad.Land of Opportunity•Being a relatively new country, with an abundance of land and resources, America was once seen as a land of opportunity, wherethere was enough land and a vibrant economy to accommodate all itsresidents.Education and Career•Because of its economic wealth and large middle-class, immigrants come to the United States to study at its well-known universities or workin its market leader industries for generally higher salaries than intheir home countries.Starting Fresh•Because of its size and its being a country of immigrants, many foreigners see America as a clean slate, taking the country's younghistory to symbolize the potential for their own new beginning. New developments• A new trend, however, finds many foreigners who came to the United States to study or work returning to their home countries for bettercareer prospects and a higher quality of life that was not availablebefore in their native country.。

英美文化概况简答论述整理

英美文化Unit4

英美文化教程Unit 4Chapter 4 British Government SystemI. Focal PointsII . Questions and Answers on the TextI. Who is the present monarch in the United Kingdom?Queen Elizabeth II is the present monarch.2. Does the Queen really enjoy the supreme power?No, she does not.3. All official letters and documents bear the initials "OHMS": What does "OHMS" stand for?It stands for "On Her Majesty's Service".4. On whose advice does the Queen act?The Queen acts solely on the advice of her ministers.5. What is the principal role of the Queen?Her principal role is symbolic.6. What is the highest of all honours conferred by the Queen?The highest of all honours conferred by the Queen is the Most Noble Order of the Garter.7. What is the most common honour conferred by the Queen?The most common honour is the Order of the British Empire.8. Why must the Queen be a member of the Church?Because she is head of the Church of England.9. What would happen if a member of the royal family married a Roman Catholic?He or she would have to renounce all royal rights and his or her place in the line of succession to the throne.10. Why is the Queen a symbol of the spirit of the Commonwealth?Because the Queen is recognized as head of the Commonwealth.11. What is the oldest secular institution in the United Kingdom?The monarchy is the oldest secular institution.12. What are the main components of the British Constitution?The main components are: ( 1 ) Acts of Parliament, ( 2 ) the Prerogative of the Crown (3) Conventions of the Constitution (4) Common Law and (5) Parliamentary Privilege.13. How is Britain different from the USA in Constitution?Britain, unlike the USA, has no written Constitution.14. Why have many rules in the Constitution never been enacted as written laws?Because they are simply conventions.15. Can you give an example of such conventions?For instance, there is no law stating that the Queen must give her assent to Bills which have been passed in both Houses of Parliament, but there is a convention that she must do so.16. What was the Bill passed in 1689 which restricted the monarch's power greatly?It was the Bill of Rights.17. What was the Act limiting the power of the House of Lords in the making of laws?It was the Parliament Act of 1911.18. What is the consequence that there is no written constitution in Britain?The consequence is that the constitation is easy to change but difficult to understand.19. How often does the General Election take place in Britain?It takes place at least every five years.20. How many constituencies is Britain divided into for electoral purposes?It is divided into 635 constituencies, each of which returns one Member of Parliament.21. On what condition can a citizen vote?Any citizen over the age of 18, except criminal, lunatic, and members of the House Of Lords, can vote.22. How many Members are there in the House of Commons?There are 635 members.23. Why is it essential for a candidate to belong to one of the big national parties?Because it is almost impossible to win the election without the help of these nation-wide organizations.24. What is the change in voting patterns over recent years?The strength of the two big parties declined, and that of the smaller parties began to grow.25. Who is invited by the Queen to form a Government?The leader of the party with the largest number of members returned to the House of Commons is invited by the Queen to form a Government. He or she also becomes Prime Minister.26. What does the party with the next largest number of supporters in the Commons become?It becomes the official Opposition to the Government.27. Who forms the Cabinet?The Prime Minister selects his most important colleagues and forms the Cabinet. 28. What will happen if the Cabinet loses its majority support in Parliament?If the Cabinet loses its majority support in Parliament it must resign.29. Who is the Government responsible to?The Government is responsible to the people.30. How many elements are there in Parliament?There are three elements in Parliament.31. What are the three elements?They are the Crown, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.32. What is the supreme law-making authority in Britain?The supreme law-making authority in Britain is Parliament.33. Why does the author say when we talk of Parliament we mean just the two Houses?Because the Queen has to give her assent to any Bill passed by the two Houses. 34. Where does the real center of parliamentary power lie?The real centre of parliamentary power lies in the House of Commons.35. Are all the members in the House of Lords hereditary-peers?No, they are not. Some of them are non-hereditary peers.36. How about the powers of the Lords in legislation?Their powers are very limited: they can not touch money bills, and they can only hold up others for twelve months.37. Why does the author say that the House of Lords has a special judicial function?Because it is the final court of appeal in civil cases and criminal cases, except criminal cases in Scotland.38. What is the most important privilege that Members of Parliament enjoy?The most important privilege that Members of Parliament enjoy is freedom of speech in Parliament.39. What is the use of the 'Aye' lobby and the '.No' lobby?Members of parliament who are in favour of a motion discussed go into the 'A ye' lobby, and those who are not go into the ' No' lobby.40. What is the function of the Speaker?The Speaker presides over the meeting in the House of Commons and sees that parliamentary procedure is followed.41. In the House of Lords, who plays the same role as the Speaker does in the Commons?The Lord Chancellor plays the same role as the Speaker does in the Commons.42 .What are the main functions Parliament has?.The main functions are: to make laws; to control and criticize the executive government; to control the raising and the spending of money.III. Explanations1. Constitutional Monarchy(1) The Constitutional Monarchy is one in which the Monarch respects the Constitution. (2) In law, the monarch is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature: head of the judiciary; commander-in-chief of all the armed forces and head of the Church of England. In practice, the real power of monarchy has gradually been reduced and today the Queen acts solely on the advice of her ministers. (3) In the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary became the joint rulers of Britain, and the Constitutional Monarchy began. (4) The Bill of Rights which was passed in 1689 restricted the power of the monarchy.2. the British Constitution(1) It is unwritten. (2) Its components include Acts of Parliament, the Prerogative of the Crown, Conventions of the Constitution, Common Law and Parliamentary Privilege.(3) It is more flexible than the written ones in other countries.3. Conventions of the Constitution(1) They form an important part of the Costitution just as written laws do. (2) They are rules which are not written down but which everyone agrees must be followed in practice. (3) They include the following: thepowers of the Crown are exercised mainly by Ministers; the Queen must act on the advice of Ministers; Ministers are responsible to parliament for their actions; the sovereignty of Parliament.4. Common Law(1) It is one of the main components of the British Constitution.(2) It refers to the Bills which have been passed by courts.5. the Bill of Rights in 1689(1) it was the Bill passed by the Parliament in 1689 after the Glorious Revolution. (2) It laid down a number of things that future monarchs could not do. (3) It marked a sharp decline in powers of the Monarch. (4) It marked the beginning of the British Constitutional Monarchy.6.. General Election(1) General Election is held at least every five years. (2) The country is divided into 635 constituencies, each of which returns one Member of Parliament. (3) The one who has the most votes in a constituency becomes a Member of Parliament. (4) The leader of the party with the largest number of members returned to the House of Commons becomes Prime Minister.7. Party system in Parliament(1) The leader of the party with the largest number of members returned to the House of Commons becomes Prime Minister and is invited by the Queen to form aGovernment, (2) The party with the next largest number of supporters in the Commons becomes the official Opposition to the Government. (3) The Prime Minister and other Ministers sit on the Government Front Bench in the House with members of the party in opposition sitting directly across from the floor.8. British Parliament(1) It includes three elements: the Crown, the House of Lords and the House of Commons. (2) It is the supreme law-making authority in Birtain. (3) The real centre of parliamentary power is in the House of Commons. (4) Other' functions include: to control and criticize the executive government; to control the raising and the spending of money.9 the House of Lords(1) It is an important part of Parliament. (2) Its members are peers, most of whom are hereditary. (3) Its powers have been severely reduced by the Parliament Acts of 1911 and 1949. (4)It must pass all financial legislation sent to it from the House of Commons, and can delay other Bills for only one year. (5) It has a special judicial function.10. the House of Commons(1) It consists of 635 elected Members of Parliament. (2) MPs have a number of privileges, eg. the freedom of speech in Parliament. (3) It is by far the most powerful and important element in Parliament, therefore plays the key role in the activities of Parliament as a whole.。

英美文化概论整理

英美文化概论整理－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－英国：1、The official name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.2、The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain(the larger one)and Ireland,and hundreds of small ones.3、（UK）capital:London4、There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: England,Scotland,and Wales.England is the largest,most populous and richest.5、The British Empire（大英帝国）:one fourth of the world’s people and one fourth of the world’s land area.The British Empire gradually disappeared and it was replaced by the British Commonwealth or the Commonwealth of Nations in1931.The Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.6、The United Kingdom is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east.The English Channel lies between Britain and France.7、The highest mountain in Britain is Ben Nevis（本尼维斯山）,1,343m in Scotland.The longest river is the Severn River（塞文河）（338km）;the second largest and most important river is the Thames River（336km）. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh（内伊湖）in Northern Ireland.8、The English are Anglo-Saxons（盎格鲁撒克逊人）,but the Scots,Welsh and Irish are Celts（凯尔特人）.9、Britain is an island country.It is surrounded by the sea.It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe.10、Chunnel stands for channel and tunnel which was cut under the Straits of Dover.With it England and France join together by road.11、90%of the population is urban and only10%is rural.12、The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.The monarch actually has no real power.The monarch’s power are limited by law and Parliament.Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in1688.Parliament consists of the Sovereign（君主）,the House of Lords （上议院）and the House of Commons（下议院）.13、British constitution is made up of statute law,common law and conventions.14、The festivals:Christmas,Easter,and Whit Sunday.15、The most typically English of sports is cricket(板球).感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。

小度写范文英美文化概况名词解释问答题-内科名词解释及简答题模板

⼩度写范⽂英美⽂化概况名词解释问答题-内科名词解释及简答题模板英美⽂化概况名词解释问答题|内科名词解释及简答题英美⽂化概况问答题以及答案：1. What are the some of the major powers of each of the three panches of the US government? How are the three panches supposed to check and balance each other? Can political reform in China borrow anything from that? 美国政府三⼤部门的⼀些主要权利是什么？三⼤部门之间如何制约和平衡？中国的政治改⾰能否从中借鉴什么？A．What are the some of the major powers of each of the three panches of the US government? The three panches—the Legislative, the Executive, headed by the president. And the Judicial, headed by the Supreme Court.The Legislative, including both houses of Congress (the Senate and the House of Representative) 。

The legislativepanch(⽴法机构）is the only panch that can make federal laws, levy federal taxes and declare war or put foreign treaties into effect.The Executive, headed by the president. The president can appoint federal judges as vacancies occur, including members of the Supreme Court. All such court appointments are subject to confirmation by the Senate. The president has poad powers, with the executive panch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments. He is the commander in chief of the armed forces. The judicial panch(司法机构) is headed by the Supreme Court with a chief justice and 8 associate justices. The Federal courts have jurisdiction over cases arising out of the Constitution and other cases which do not arise out of individual states. The Supreme Court has the judicial review power.B．How are the three panches supposed to check and balance each other?Sy stem of “checks and balances (制约与平衡的原则)” of the three-part national government works to keep serious mistakes from being made by one panch or another.C．Can political reform in China borrow anything from that?China does not make the separation, but can absorb the reasonable factors. The people”s congress system is a basic system suitable to China”s national conditions. It directly reflects that people”s democratic dictatorship is national nature in our country, reflected the whole picture of our political life and is the basic forms and means for the people to be the masters of democratic rights.(中国不搞三权分⽴，但可以吸收其合理的因素。

英美文化

《英美文化》课程期末复习范围题型及范围1、多项选择题(20%)PPt后多项选择练习2、名词解释(15%，about 40 words)Norman Conquest; House of Lords; Chartist Movement; Lord Chancellor;Gold Rush; Mayflower; Louisiana Purchase; House of Representatives;3、简答题(15%，about 40 words)1. Who was Christopher Columbus?2. What is the climate in Britain like?3. What natural resources is Britain blessed with?4. What are the major causes of the decline of the British economy?5. What are American industries characterized by?6. What are the primary features of the political system of the USA?7. What are the three branches in the constitution of USA?8. Who do you think are among the outstanding leaders in the American Civil War? 4、阅读理解(20%)课外英语阅读理解练习5、论述题(30%，about 100-120 words)1.Why is it said that English people tend to be rather conservative? And what’s your comment about it?2. What are the large rivers and lakes you know in Britain? Point out their length or size.3. What do you know about Margaret Thatcher? And what do you learn from her story of success?4. Why has the United States long been known as a melting pot? What’s your comment about it?5. What geographic features of the United State of America impress you most? Please give your personal comment.6. How do you understand the differences between Chinese government and the American government?。

天津大学英美文化答案版

Unit 5I. Blank-filling1. The nickname for the USA national flag is “_____Old Glory________________”.2. The state of ____Virginia______ was named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I.3. As US national motto, “E Pluribus Unum” means _____out of many,one__________5. As pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, Mark Twain means ___Mark number two_______.6. The largest state in terms of area is ___Alaska_______ and the largest state in terms of population is _____California_____.7. The meaning of Mississippi is “_____Father of Waters___”.8. Some ____Puritans_______, called the Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower andsettled at Plymouth, Massachusetts in 1620.9. The writer O. Henry called ____Thanksgiving Day _______ the one holiday that is purelyAmerican.10. The first shot in the American War of Independence was heard at the village of______Lexington_____ on April 19, 1775.11. In May, 1775, ______the 2th Continental Congress______ met in Philadelphia and began toassume the functions of a national government.12. On June 14, 1776, the second Continental Congress officially appointed __GeorgrWashington___ as commander-in-chief of the Continental Army.13. ___Thomas_Jefferson_ was instructed by the Committee of Five to write the Declaration ofIndependence.14. The Independence Day of the United States is on _____July_4th_______.15. On January 1, 1863, President Lincoln issued the ____ Emancipation Proclamation___________, which granted freedom to all slaves in areas still controlled by the Confederacy.16. The famous “that this government of the people, by the people, for the people”was from___the Gettysburg Address_______17. The 2nd Amendment in the Bill of Rights granted the American people the right to keep andbear ____Arms______.18. The most extreme form of Jim Crow violence is ____Lynching______.19. ___Chinked-out_______ is a new musical style created by Lee-Hom Wang, which blendsChinese traditional music with Western hip-hop rhythms.20. ____The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882______ serves as the first in US history to ban a specific racial group from entering America.II. Multiple-Choice21. Which of the following states is called “the Old Colony State”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. DelawareD. Georgia22. The term “Father of Waters” is used to refer to __________. CA. the Amazon River C. the Mississippi RiverB. the Nile River D. the Hudson River23. Which of the following was not first grown by Native Americans? BA. potato C. pumpkinB. cabbage D. corn24. The first colony at Jamestown in Virginia survived because the colonists discovered a way to earn money. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? BA. shipping cotton to EuropeB. growing tobacco in VirginiaC. making a profit by fishingD. growing cotton25. Three of the following were the motives of the English Puritans who went to New England asimmigrants. Which was the exception? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enough.B. They believed that the Church of England was too Catholic in religious practices.C. They were persecuted in England.D. They wanted to established a colony based on their own religious ideals.26. Thanksgiving Day is originally celebrated by people for _____. DA. healthB. safetyC. freedomD. harvest27. _____ was the only Founding Father to sign the Declaration of Independence, the UnitedStates Constitution, the Treaty of Alliance with France, and the Treaty of Paris. CA. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Adams28. The following words of wisdom were given by Benjamin Franklin except _____ BA. A penny saved is a penny earned.B. All for one, one for all. ([法] Dumas pére大仲马)C. Time is money.D. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.29. George Washington served _____ term(s) as US President. BA. oneB. twoC. threeD. four30. The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was ____________. CA. Thomas PaineB. Barbara SmithC. Harriet Beecher StoweD. Mark Twain31.The following people played a great role in Civil Rights Movement except _____. CA. Emmett TillB. Rosa ParksC.Oprah WinfreyD. Martin Luther King, Jr.32. Angel Island was destroyed by _____ in 1940 and was never reopened. CA. an earthquakeB. a thunderstormC.a fireD. a flood33. Which Act removed the last barriers to Chinese immigration initiating a new era in the history of America’s melting pot? CA. The Chinese Exclusion ActB. The Chinese Exclusion Repeal ActC.The Immigration ActD. The Walter-McCarren Act34. Which of the following is not a slur word? AA. blondeB. chinkC.niggerD. round-eyeIII. Question35. What is the significance of the Second Continental Congress? 大陆会议的重要性有3点37. What social problems did the American Civil War solve? 2点38. What are the contributions of the Civil Rights Laws of the 1960s?IV. True or False39. The first English colony was set in Delaware. F40. The bald eagle was chosen as the representative of the United States. T41. Geographically the United States can be roughly divided into three parts—the western part, the southern part and New England. F42. The Appalachian Mountains are the backbone of North America. F43. Fishing and hunting were only a way for American Indians to survive.44. Totem poles were used as the objects of worship.45. Pilgrim Fathers settled at Plymouth in 1607. F46. The purpose of the First Continental Congress was to seek independence from Britain. F47. Benjamin Franklin was the first to celebrate the American Dream. T48. Under the Articles of Confederation, the 13 states were united under a strong centralgovernment.49. US Constitution was signed on September 17, 1787.50. The Bill of Rights ensured the efficient central authority of the federal government. F51. Mount Rushmore is famous for the faces of four American Presidents, who are G. Washington,T. Jefferson, A. Lincoln, and F. Roosevelt. F（Theodore Roosevelt）52. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1 and 2, 1863 and is considered the turning pointin the Revolutionary War. F(应该是内战Civil War)1. The ancestors of the Welsh are ___a__.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the AnglesD. the Normans2. Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basisof modern English race? __a___A. the Viking DanesB. the AnglesC. the SaxonsD. the Jutes3. The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a __a__ warrior.A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman4. For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) __b____-speaking aristocracy.A. EnglishB. FrenchC. GermanD. Gaelic5. Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, Defeating theSaxon king Harold at the Battle of ____Hastings_______ in 1066. Hastings6. The full name of the United Kingdom is ____ The United Kingdom of Great Britain___7. The two largest islands of the British Isles are __ Britain __ and _ Ireland ___.8. All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke ___French__ as their mother tongue,and after the Hundred Years’ War, the __English____ language took its place.9. What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: The foundation of aristocracy,the final u nification of England ,the great administrative process,and a link to FranceUnit 11 The ancestors of the Welsh are ___A__.A. the CeltsB. the RomansC. the AnglesD. the Normans2 Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern En glish race? AA. the Viking DanesB. the AnglesC. the SaxonsD. the Jutes3 The historical Arthur is believed by most historians as a _A___ warrior.A. Celtic B Anglo C Saxon D Norman4 For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) __B____-speaking aristocracy.A. EnglishB. FrenchC. GermanD. Gaelic5 Normans under William the Conqueror invaded England from France, defeating the Saxon king Harold at the Battle of Hastings in 1066.6 The full name of the United Kingdom is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .7 The two largest islands of the British Isles are England and Ireland.8 All the kings of the Middle Ages in Britain spoke French as their mother tongue, and after the Hund red Years’War, the French-English language took its place.9 When the Romans invaded Britain around the year 43 A.D, Britain was a land of B .A. The PictsB. The CeltsC. The Angles10 Which of the following is not one of the three Germanic tribes that came to be the basis of modern English race ? AA. The Viking DanesB. The AnglesC. The Saxons11 In 43 A.D. ,Roman Emperor, C , evaded Britain.A. Julius CaesarB. Augustus CaesarC. Claudius12 Christianity was introduced into Britain by CA. The CeltsB. The GermansC. The Romans13 Who was killed in the Battle of Hastings ? BA. Edward the ConfessorB. Harold GodwinsonC. Harald Hardrade14 For much of the Middle Ages, Britain was ruled by a(n) AA. French-speakingB. English-speakingC. German-speaking15 Which of the following words were not regarded as the language of the upper class in the Middle A ges? AA. DeerB. MuttonC. Pork16 In the C century English became dominant in Britain again.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14th17 Which of the following English poets is known as “the Father of English literature”? AA. G. ChaucerB. J. MiltonC. W. Shakespeare10 What are the main consequences of the Norman Conquest?The significance of Norman Conquest lies in the following aspects: the foundation of aristocracy, the fi nal unification of England, the great administrative process, a link to France, a great influence of French on English.Unit 21. One of the following took place during the Elizabethan age: BA. the making of the Magna CartaB. the defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English navyC. the rule of Alfred the GreatD. the defeat of King Harold by France2. In England, the monarch, D , declared that the Pope was no longer head of the Church of England.A. Bloody MaryB. Queen Elizabeth I.C. King Henry VD. King Henry VIII3. Three of the following were characteristics of the Elizabethan age. Which of the four is the exception?AA. Queen Elizabeth advocated the Divine Right and quarreled with Parliament.B. Protestantism gradually became the dominant faith.C. This was the age of literature when Shakespeare lived and when English literature blossomed.D. This was the age of adventure on the sea.4. Victorianism was characterized by the following except DA. It was in an age of imperialismB. It saw the great progress in sciences with Charles Darwin as a prominent figure.C. It was the age when the great progress was made in the field of communications.D. It was an age when the Battle of Hastings was won by the Duke of Wellington.?5. The Origin of Species was written by Charles Darwin .6. All English official documents bear the initials OHMS which stands for On His/Her Majesty's Service .7 In Britain, the executive power is in the hands of Cabinet .8. Queen Victoria takes the credit of the longest reign in British history.9. In the “Grab for Africa” Britain got the lion’s share, which confirmed its supremacy.1. The first colony at Jamestown in Virginia survived because the colonists discovered a way to earn mo ney. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? CA. Growing cottonB. Making a profit by fishingC. Growing tobacco in Virginia2. Which of the following states is called “ the Old Colony State ”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. Virginia3. Virginia is an American state named in honor of AA. Queen Elizabeth IB. Queen Mary IC. Queen Victoria4. Which of the following is the 50th state admitted into the US? CA. ArizonaB. AlaskaC. Hawaii5. Which of the following is not the motive of the English Puritans who went to New England as immigra nts? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enoughB. They were persecuted in England.C. They wanted to establish a colony based on their own religious ideals.6. Thanksgiving Day was originally celebrated by people for AA. HarvestB. SafetyC. Freedom7. C was the only Founding Father to sign The Declaration of Independence, The United States Constitution, The Treaty of Alliance with France, and The Treaty of Paris. CA. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin Franklin8. The Confederacy was the government formed from 1861 to 1865 by B Southern states of the United States of America that had declared their secession from the U.S.A. 10B. 11C.129. The famous “this government of the people, by the people, for the people” was from AA. The Gettysburg AddressB. Emancipation ProclamationC. The Mayflower Compact10. What were the main features of the Elizabethan age?The Elizabethan age is often remembered by two things. The first is literature, especially the literature o f William Shakespeare. It was at the age that Shakespeare lived and English literature blossomed. The s econd is adventure on the sea The victory of English fleets marked the beginning of an English naval tra dition.11.Explain the atmosphere of Victorianism.Victorianism was an age of national development and national optimism. Tremendous social reform took place. The greatest one of all was made in the field of communications. Victorianism family life had the quality of stability and the victorias were extremely religious. It was also an age of imperialism.Unit 5I. Blank-filling1. The nickname for the USA national flag is “ Old Glory ”.2. The state of Virginia was named in honor of Queen Elizabeth I.3. As US national motto, “E Pluribus Unum”means “ Out of Many，One ”5. As pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, Mark Twain means Mark Number Two .6. The largest state in terms of area is Alaska and the largest state in terms of population is California .7. The meaning of Mississippi is “ Great Waters ”.8. Some Puritans, called the Pilgrims, crossed the Atlantic in the ship Mayflower and settled at Plymo uth,Massachusetts in 1620.9. The writer O. Henry called Thanksgiving the one holiday that is purely American.10. The first shot in the American War of Independence was heard at the village of Lexington on April 19, 1775.11. In May, 1775, The 2nd Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functio ns of a national government.12. On June 14, 1776, the second Continental Congress officially appointed George Washington as co mmander-in-chief of the Continental Army.13. Thomas Jefferson was instructed by the Committee of Five to write the Declaration of Independe nce.14. The Independence Day of the United States is on July 4th .16. The famous “that this government of the people, by the people, for the people”was from the Gettys burg Address17. The 2nd Amendment in the Bill of Rights granted the American people the right to keep and bear ar ms .1. The Victorian novelists include the following except AA. William WordsworthB. William ThackerayC. Charles Dickens2. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare? AA. OthelloB. The TempesC. Twelfth Night3. The most outstanding Victorian novelist in the aspect of literary merits was BA. Jonathan SwiftB. Charles DickensC. Charlotte Bronte4. “To be or not to be” is the quotation from which play by Shakespeare? CA. OthelloB. MacbethC. Hamlet5. Which fictional character is not created by Charles Dickens? CA. Oliver Twist.B. ScroogeC. Herzog6. Shakespeare lived under the reign of AA. Queen Elizabeth IB. Queen Mary IC. Queen Victoria7. Charles Dickens lived under the reign of CA. Queen ElizabethB. Queen Mary IC. Queen Victoria8. Which statement about Shakespeare is not right? CA. Shakespeare is a great master of the English languageB. Shakespeare started his career as an actorC. Shakespeare has a profound influence on the Christmas celebration nowadays9. Which statement about Dickens is not right? BA. Dickens incorporates autobiographical elements into his fictionB. Dickens is ignored during his life time but earns recognition afterwardsC. Dickens’ writing style is florid and poetic, with a strong comic touchII. Multiple-Choice21. Which of the following states is called “the Old Colony State”? BA. PennsylvaniaB. MassachusettsC. DelawareD.Georgia22. The term “Father of Waters”is used to refer to ____C______.A. the Amazon River C. the Mississippi RiverB. The Nile River D. The Hudson River23. Which of the following was not first grown by Native Americans? BA. potato C. pumpkinB. cabbage D. corn24. The first colony at James town in Virginia survived because the colonists discovered a way to earn money. Which of the following was discovered by the Virginians? BA. shipping cotton to EuropeB. growing tobacco in VirginiaC. making a profit by fishingD. growing cotton25. Three of the following were the motives of the English Puritans who went to New England as immigr ants. Which was the exception? AA. They believed that the Church of England was not Catholic enough.B. They believed that the Church of England was too Catholic in religious practices.C. They were persecuted in England.D. They wanted to established a colony based on their own religious ideals.26. Thanksgiving Day is originally celebrated by people for ___D__.A. healthB. safetyC. freedomD. harvest27. ___C__ was the only Founding Father to sign the Declaration of Independence, the United States C onstitution, the Treaty of Alliance with France, and the Treaty of Paris.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Benjamin FranklinD. John Adams28. The following words of wisdom were given by Benjamin Franklin except _B____A. A penny saved is a penny earned.B.All for one, one for all. ([法] Dumas pére大仲马)C. Time is money.D. Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.29. George Washington served ___B__ term(s) as US President.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four30. The author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin was _____C_______.A. Thomas PaineB. Barbara SmithC. Harriet Beecher StoweD. Mark TwainIII. Question35. What is the significance of the Second Continental Congress?In May 1775, the second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia and began to assume the functions o f a national government. It founded a Continental Army and Navy under the command of George Washi ngton.On June 11th, 1776, the second Continental Congress appointed a committee of five men to draft a Declaration of Independence.The young Thomas Jefferson was chosen by the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence, which the congress adopted on July 4th, 1776.37. What social problems did the American Civil War solve?The war resolved two fundamental questions that had divided the United States since 1776.It put an en d to slavery, which was completely abolished by the 13th Amendment to the constitution in 1865.It also decided, once and for all, that American was not a collection of semi-independent states, but a single i ndivisible nation.IV. True or False39. The first English colony was set in Jamestown in Virginia40. The bald eagle was chosen as the representative of the United States.41. Geographically the United States can be roughly divided into three parts—（The Atlantic Seacoast and the Appalachian Mountains in the east，the great Mississippi River Basin in the middle and the Rockies west to the Pacific Ocean）42. The Rocky Mountains are the backbone of North America.45. Pilgrim Fathers settled at Plymouth in 1620.46. The purpose of the First Continental Congress was to 放宽高压政策.47. Benjamin Franklin was the first to celebrate the American Dream.50. The Bill of Rights ensured the individual liberties.51. Mount Rushmore is famous for the faces of four American Presidents, who are G. Washington, T. Je fferson, A. Lincoln, and T. Roosevelt.52. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1 and 2, 1863 and is considered the turning point in the Civil War.1.which university is usually considered the first university in the world? BA. University of ConstantinopleB. University of BolognaC. University of Oxford2. What is the motto of Harvard University? AA. VeritasB. Lux et veritasC. Mens et Manus3. So far, how many US presidents have been produced by Yale University? CA. 3B. 4C. 54. Which of the following US universities is NOT the member of the Ivy League? CA. Yale UniversityB. Princeton UniversityC. MIT5. Oxford University began growing rapidly in A century.A. 12thB. 13thC. 14th6. From which university did John Harvard graduate? CA. Harvard UniversityB. Oxford UniversityC. Cambridge University7. What was the result of the first Boat Race between Oxford and Cambridge? AA. Oxford wonB. Cambridge wonC. It ended with a dead heat8. Which university was the site of the first practical electron microscope? BA. Stanford UniversityB. University of TorontoC. Australian National University9. According to Asian University Rankings, 2009, which university ranked the highest in Asi a? BA. Beijing UniversityB. University of TokyoC. University of Hong Kong美国枪支泛滥君主立宪制。

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