第一单元语法非限定性定语从句
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关系词
探究发现
①This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. ②The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey. ③However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. ④Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. ⑤This was a time when the two countries were at war. ⑥There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
[即时演练] (1)写出下列句子中 which 指代的内容(先行词） ①Mike sold his old furniture, which made his father angry. which 指代 Mike sold his old furniture ②The house which I bought last month has a lovely garden. which 指代the house
关系词
Ⅰ.限制性定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied.
(3)关系代词省略情况不同 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制 性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。 This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago. 这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。(限制性定语从句) The summer holiday, which we're looking forward to, is drawing near. 我们盼望的暑假就要来了。(非限制性定语从句)
限制性 非限制性
形式上 不用逗号
用逗号
与主句 紧密；
不紧密；
的关系 修饰限制； 补充说明；
去掉后,
去掉后,
主句意义不完整 主句意义完
整
限制性
先行词
名词/代词
可否用that why（其 余都可用 )
可以
关系代词(who
,whom,which,that) 做宾语时可否省略 who是否可代替 whom
2.which as 的用法
as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。 as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割 主句。 which译这那引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常 常有“正如、正像”的含义。当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时， 关系词往往只用which。 ___A_s__is known to all, the earth travels r当ou从n句d 的th谓e S语u动n.词z是x.bxekknown/ expected/
Ⅲ.语段填空(用适当的关系词填空)
The very film 1. that is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 2.as is popular with the public, 3. whose hero and heroine are Jack and Rose. Rose is a young beautiful woman with
Before Jack left Rose forever, he encouraged Rose to live well for him. 9. As is known to all, love is the strongest strength. And that's the reason 10. why Rose could live alone and tell us the
[我的发现] (1)例句①中含which引导的 非限制性 定语从句；例句②中含 which引导的 限制性定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从句与
限制性定语从句的区别在于：关系词前是否有 逗号 。 (2)以上例句中含非限制性定语从句的有①③⑥ ；含限制性定 语从句的有 ②④⑤ 。
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法比较 1．形式不同 限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句必 须用逗号与主句隔开。 Here is the man who has been punished by the boss. 这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。(限制性定语从句) The project, which lasted three years, cost no less than $1 billion. 这个工程历时三年，耗资多达十亿美元。(非限制性定语从句)
journey to Beijing? 10．The famous singer who is from Britain has a number of
devoted fans in China. 11．The old man has two daughters both of whom work as
3．关系词的使用情况不同 (1)通常 that, why 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，指物 时要用 which 代替 that, for which 代替 why Most people didn't vote for him, which disappointed him. 大多数人没有投票支持他，这使他感到失望。 I have told them the reason, for which I changed my mind. 我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。 (2)关系代词替代情况不同 ①关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 代替。
可以
名非词限/制代性词 /主句
不可以 why用forwhich
不可以
非限定性定语从句考点
1.非限定性定语从句关系词的使用
*作宾语时不可省略
*不用that
*一般不用why(用for which代替)
*不可用who 代替 whom
改错
which
1.He failed in the exam, that made his parents angry. 2.He failed in the exam.wIht ich made his parents angry. 3. I have told them the reason,fowr whhyichI
4. whom her mother went to America. Jack, 5. who won a ship ticket by playing cards, is a poor painter. They met and fell in
love with each other on Titanic 6. where they had a happy time. Sadly, the nice journey was destroyed by a huge ice-berg。7W. hen Jack lost his life for saving Rose ，everyone would be moved by the selfless way inw8h.ich most people can't behave in real life.
doctors. 12．She has several balls the largest of which is the blue one.
非限制性定语从句：
对所修饰名词和代词的从句做附加或者补充说明， 有逗号。
先行词 定语从句
陡W坡at塘erfWalal terfall, wwhhiichh is in Guizhou, is 105 meters wide and 21 meters high.
注意事项:
1.Biblioteka Baidu句的位置: 先行词 之后,无逗号
2.翻译方法: “….的”
3.构成：
关系词
关系代词 关系副词
7．This was the reason why he took apart the machine. 8．This is the farm where we picked apples last year. 9．Do you still remember the summer holiday when we made a
moving story.
Section Ⅲ Grammar ——限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
语法图解
限制性定语从句：修饰名词和代词的从句 先行词
This is tthhee mmoosstt bbeeaauuttiiffuull ffoorreesstt tthhatt I have seen. 定语从句
believed/ imagined/ said/ shown/ pointed out/ 或usually happen/ be often the case 等习惯性 用语中用as.
didn’t attend the mewehotimng. 4.This is the hero ,who we
are proud owfh.ere 5.The house I lived last year is bought by a rich man. 6.The house,whIelrieved last year is bought by a rich man.
This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about. 这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。(限制性定语从句) The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress. 这位年轻人新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下印象。(非限 制性定语从句) ②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导， 但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who 或whom。 She has a younger brother, who is an English teacher. 她有一个弟弟，他是一名英语老师。
2．先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制 性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。试比较：
This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(限制性定语从句，先行词 是 novel) The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting. 我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定 语从句，先行词为 novel) The novel is very interesting, which makes me very excited. 那部小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。(非限制性定语从句， which 指代前面整句话的内容)
探究发现
①This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it. ②The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey. ③However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. ④Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. ⑤This was a time when the two countries were at war. ⑥There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Königsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
[即时演练] (1)写出下列句子中 which 指代的内容(先行词） ①Mike sold his old furniture, which made his father angry. which 指代 Mike sold his old furniture ②The house which I bought last month has a lovely garden. which 指代the house
关系词
Ⅰ.限制性定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied.
(3)关系代词省略情况不同 关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制 性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。 This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago. 这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。(限制性定语从句) The summer holiday, which we're looking forward to, is drawing near. 我们盼望的暑假就要来了。(非限制性定语从句)
限制性 非限制性
形式上 不用逗号
用逗号
与主句 紧密；
不紧密；
的关系 修饰限制； 补充说明；
去掉后,
去掉后,
主句意义不完整 主句意义完
整
限制性
先行词
名词/代词
可否用that why（其 余都可用 )
可以
关系代词(who
,whom,which,that) 做宾语时可否省略 who是否可代替 whom
2.which as 的用法
as 和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。 as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至还可以分割 主句。 which译这那引导的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句之后。另外，as 常 常有“正如、正像”的含义。当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时， 关系词往往只用which。 ___A_s__is known to all, the earth travels r当ou从n句d 的th谓e S语u动n.词z是x.bxekknown/ expected/
Ⅲ.语段填空(用适当的关系词填空)
The very film 1. that is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 2.as is popular with the public, 3. whose hero and heroine are Jack and Rose. Rose is a young beautiful woman with
Before Jack left Rose forever, he encouraged Rose to live well for him. 9. As is known to all, love is the strongest strength. And that's the reason 10. why Rose could live alone and tell us the
[我的发现] (1)例句①中含which引导的 非限制性 定语从句；例句②中含 which引导的 限制性定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从句与
限制性定语从句的区别在于：关系词前是否有 逗号 。 (2)以上例句中含非限制性定语从句的有①③⑥ ；含限制性定 语从句的有 ②④⑤ 。
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法比较 1．形式不同 限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句必 须用逗号与主句隔开。 Here is the man who has been punished by the boss. 这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。(限制性定语从句) The project, which lasted three years, cost no less than $1 billion. 这个工程历时三年，耗资多达十亿美元。(非限制性定语从句)
journey to Beijing? 10．The famous singer who is from Britain has a number of
devoted fans in China. 11．The old man has two daughters both of whom work as
3．关系词的使用情况不同 (1)通常 that, why 不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，指物 时要用 which 代替 that, for which 代替 why Most people didn't vote for him, which disappointed him. 大多数人没有投票支持他，这使他感到失望。 I have told them the reason, for which I changed my mind. 我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。 (2)关系代词替代情况不同 ①关系代词 whom 在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用 who 代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用 who 代替。
可以
名非词限/制代性词 /主句
不可以 why用forwhich
不可以
非限定性定语从句考点
1.非限定性定语从句关系词的使用
*作宾语时不可省略
*不用that
*一般不用why(用for which代替)
*不可用who 代替 whom
改错
which
1.He failed in the exam, that made his parents angry. 2.He failed in the exam.wIht ich made his parents angry. 3. I have told them the reason,fowr whhyichI
4. whom her mother went to America. Jack, 5. who won a ship ticket by playing cards, is a poor painter. They met and fell in
love with each other on Titanic 6. where they had a happy time. Sadly, the nice journey was destroyed by a huge ice-berg。7W. hen Jack lost his life for saving Rose ，everyone would be moved by the selfless way inw8h.ich most people can't behave in real life.
doctors. 12．She has several balls the largest of which is the blue one.
非限制性定语从句：
对所修饰名词和代词的从句做附加或者补充说明， 有逗号。
先行词 定语从句
陡W坡at塘erfWalal terfall, wwhhiichh is in Guizhou, is 105 meters wide and 21 meters high.
注意事项:
1.Biblioteka Baidu句的位置: 先行词 之后,无逗号
2.翻译方法: “….的”
3.构成：
关系词
关系代词 关系副词
7．This was the reason why he took apart the machine. 8．This is the farm where we picked apples last year. 9．Do you still remember the summer holiday when we made a
moving story.
Section Ⅲ Grammar ——限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
语法图解
限制性定语从句：修饰名词和代词的从句 先行词
This is tthhee mmoosstt bbeeaauuttiiffuull ffoorreesstt tthhatt I have seen. 定语从句
believed/ imagined/ said/ shown/ pointed out/ 或usually happen/ be often the case 等习惯性 用语中用as.
didn’t attend the mewehotimng. 4.This is the hero ,who we
are proud owfh.ere 5.The house I lived last year is bought by a rich man. 6.The house,whIelrieved last year is bought by a rich man.
This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about. 这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。(限制性定语从句) The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress. 这位年轻人新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下印象。(非限 制性定语从句) ②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导， 但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who 或whom。 She has a younger brother, who is an English teacher. 她有一个弟弟，他是一名英语老师。
2．先行词不同 限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制 性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。试比较：
This is the best novel that I have ever read. 这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(限制性定语从句，先行词 是 novel) The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting. 我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定 语从句，先行词为 novel) The novel is very interesting, which makes me very excited. 那部小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。(非限制性定语从句， which 指代前面整句话的内容)