环境工程专业英语考试重点词汇
环境工程专业英语考试要点
COD chemical oxygen demand化学需氧量BOD biochemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量TOC total organic carbon 总有机碳DO dissolved oxygen 溶解氧POPs persistent organic pollutants 持久性有机污染物TSP total suspended particle 总悬浮颗粒TKN total Kjeldahl nitrogen 总凯氏氮UASB up flow anaerobic sludge blanket 上流式厌氧污泥床MBR membrane bioreactor 膜生物反应器SBR sequencing batch reactor 间歇式活性污泥法1、Many of the chemicals saved from the sewer were either worthless or of such a low value as to render recovery uneconomical.在下水道中回收到的物质不是没价值的就是低廉到不足以恢复利用。
2、Because CO2 can absorb thermal energy, it decreases the atmosphere’s emissivity, that is, its ability to radiate long-wave infrared and transparency to visible light is characterized as the “greenhouse effect”.因为二氧化碳能够吸收热能，减少大气发射率，也就是说，它能够辐射红外长波和可见光，这种能力通常被称为“温室效应”。
3、Equipment may be modified to enhance recovery or recycling operations, to produce less waste, or to improve operating efficiency.设备能够被改造以能够提高恢复或回收的操作率，产生更少废物，或提高操作效率。
环境工程专业英语词汇
环境工程专业英语词汇Aabacterial 无菌的abatement 减少，减小，取消，消除abnormal blooming of plankton 浮游生物异常繁殖absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute temperature 绝对温度absorb 吸收absorbent 吸收剂；吸收性的absorption 吸收abundant precipitation 过量降水abysmal deposit 深海沉积物accelerator 加速澄清池，机械澄清池，加速器access 接近，（出）入口，使用或接近的方法、机会或门路，捷径accessory 附件，附属品accidental error 偶然误差acclimate 服水土，适应环境，适应气候acclimatization 驯化，（对环境条件的）适应accommodate 使适应，调节，接纳，容纳，供应，提供acetic acid 醋酸acetone 丙酮acetylene 乙炔acid fog 酸雾acidify 酸化（作用）acidity 酸度，酸性acid-proof material 耐酸材料acoustic construction 隔声构造acoustic fatigue 声致疲劳acquisition 获得，取得，采集acrid 辛辣的，腐蚀性的act 法规，法案，条例，行为，动作activated biofilter 活性生物滤池activated carbon 活性碳activated silica 活性硅土activated sludge 活性污泥activation 活化，激活active chlorine 活性氯activity 活性，活度，放射性，功率adaptable species 适应性强的物种adaptation 适应，匹配，采用，改编（本），修改，适应性，适应力additive 附加物，添加剂；加成的adherence 粘附adhesion 粘附力adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adjustment 调节，调准，控制，安装admixture 掺合物，杂质adsorbate 被吸附物，吸附质adsorbent 吸附剂；吸附的adsorber 吸附器，吸附剂adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线advanced treatment 高级处理，深度处理aerated contact bed (submerged contact aerator) 曝气接触床（淹没式接触曝气池）aerated lagoon 曝气氧化渠aerated spiral-flow grit channel 曝气螺旋流沉砂槽aeration 曝气aeration blower 曝气鼓风机aerobic 好氧的，好气的，需氧的，有氧的aerobic biological treatment process 好氧生物处理法，需氧生物处理法aerobic decomposition 好氧分解，需氧分解aerosol 气溶胶aesthetically 从审美角度看affinity 亲和力，亲和势affluent 支流afforestation 造林（计划），绿化after burner 火舌燃烧炉，后燃烧装置，补燃器agar 琼脂agglomerate 使聚集，使成团aggressive pathogen 侵袭性病原体air compressor 空压机，压气机air conditioner 空调器air gauge 气压计air hammer 气压锤air header 空气干管air inflow 进气量air intake 进气孔air mass 气团air polluntant emission inventory 空气污染物排放清单air pollution surveillance 空气污染监视air release valve 放气阀，释压阀air relief installation 排气设备air sparger 曝气器air stripping 气提airborne 空气中的，空降的，空运的airborne pathongenic organism 空气致病生物体air-lift pump 空气升水泵，气提泵airview 鸟瞰，鸟瞰图alcohol 乙醇，酒精aldehyde 醛algae 藻类algal bloom 水藻繁盛alignment 成直线，调准，准线，直线性，结盟，联合alkali consumption 碱消耗(量) alkali earth 碱土alkaline 碱性的alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS) 烷基苯磺酸盐alluvial deposit 冲积物，冲积层alum 矾，明矾aluminate 铝酸盐aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient noise 环境噪声amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸ammonia nitrogen 氨氮ammonia stripping 氨的气提，气提法除氨ammonification 氨化作用，加氨ammonium 铵amphoteric ion exchange resin 两性离子交换树脂anabolism 合成代谢，组成代谢anaerobic 厌氧的，厌气的，无溶解氧的anaerobic-anoxic-oxic process 厌氧-缺氧-好氧法analysis of variance 方差分析analytical balance 分析天平anemometer 风力计，风速计anemoscope 风向仪anhydrous 无水的animal community 动物群落anion 阴离子，负离子anionic surface active agent 阴离子表面活性剂annual depreciation 年折旧annual precipitation 年降水量anode 阳极，正极anodize 阳极氧化，阳极处理anoxic 缺氧的antagonism 对抗（作用），拮抗（作用）antibiotics 抗菌素，抗生素antifreezing agent 防冻剂aperture 孔径，隙缝，小孔apparatus 仪器，装置apparent activation energy 表观活化能appreciable 明显的，相当可观的appurtenance (常用pl. ) 附属物，设备，配件，附属建筑，附属装置aquatic 水的，水生的，水上的aquatic habitat 水生环境aquatic community 水生群落aquatic life 水生生物aqueduct 水道，渠，导水管aqueous 水的aqueous ammonia 氨水aqueous solution 水溶液aquifer 蓄水层，（地下）含水层，含水地层arbitrary 独裁的，专制的，专横的，任意的，随机的，独立的aromatic 芳香的，芳烃的；芳香剂arsenic 砷artery 动脉，运输线artifical wetland （constructed wetland ）人工湿地（系统）artificial fibres 人造纤维asbestos 石棉ascendingvelocity 上升速度ash content 灰分ash conveyer 灰渣输送带ash handling equipment 除尘设备asphyxiate 使（人）窒息、闷死aspiration 吸气，吸入，吸出，愿望，渴望，志向aspiration ventilation 排气通风（法）assay 分析，化验assembly 装配，组合；机组assimilate 同化，吸收assimilative respiration 同化呼吸associated mineral 伴生矿物atmospheric dispersion 大气弥散，大气分散atmospheric emission 大气排放物atomic absorption spectrophotometry 原子吸收分光光度测定法atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry 原子荧光光谱atomization 喷雾，喷雾法，雾化attenuation 衰减，减弱，减轻，减少，减小attraction 引力，吸引attrition 磨损，损耗autoclave 高压锅，高压釜automatic flushback 自动反冲洗automatic valveless gravity filter 自动无阀重力流滤池，无阀滤池automobile exhaust 汽车尾气，汽车废气autotroph(e) 自养生物，自营性生物autotrophic 自养的，自我营养的，无机营养的available chlorine 有效氯available head 可用水头average yearly loading capacity 年平均负荷容量axial flow 轴流azo dye 偶氮染料azotification 固氮（作用）Bbackfill 回填backflow 回流background noise 背景噪声，本底噪声background survey 本底调查back-pressure valve (check valve) 单向阀backwash cycle 反冲周期bacteria coli 大肠杆菌bacterial colony 细菌菌落bacterial population 细菌种群bactericide 杀菌剂bacteriological examination 细菌检验bacteriologically 按细菌学的观点baffle 挡板baffle board 挡板，隔音板baffled reaction chamber 隔板式反应室bag filter 袋滤器，袋式过滤器baghouse 布袋，滤袋室，滤袋装置baghouse precipitator 布袋除尘器ball mill 球磨机band dryer （污泥）带式干化机band screen (belt screen) 带式格网，带条滤网bar screen 格栅barometer 气压计barrel 桶，桶状物basicity 碱度，盐基度batch 分批的，间歇（式）的batch centrifuge 间歇式离心机batch distillation 分批蒸馏batchwise operation 分批式操作be laden with 充满，携带，含有beaker 烧杯bearing capacity 承重能力belt filter press （污泥）带式脱水机bench 工作台，实验桌，板凳bench-scale 小型的，实验室（规模）的bench scale test 小型试验，实验室试验，模型试验beneficiation 废物回收加工benzene 苯bicarbonate 碳酸氢盐，重碳酸盐bind 粘合，束缚，堵塞bioassay 生物鉴定，活体鉴定biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生化需氧量biocoenosis 生物群落biodegradable 可生物降解的biodegradation 生物降解（作用）bio-disc 生物转盘biofilter 生物滤池biogeophysical 生物地球物理的biological filter loading 生物滤池负荷（率）biological phosphate removal 生物除磷酸盐biology 生物学biolysis 生物分解（作用）biomass 生物体群，生物量bioremediation 生物修复bioscrubber 生物洗涤器，生物涤气器biosorption 生物吸附，生物吸收biosphere 生物圈biota 生物群biotic community 生物群集，生物群落biotope 群落生境，环境条件均匀的地方black liquor 黑液（一般指纸浆厂废液）blank assay 空白试验，空白检定blast 鼓风bleaching liquid 漂白液blind ditch 暗沟block diagram 方块图bloom 大量增殖，旺发boiling point depression 沸点降低bomb calorimeter (炸)弹式量热器booster pump 增压泵botanic 植物的boundary layer 边界层branch 支线，支管，分支管brand 标记，牌子breakthrough 穿透，贯穿，泄漏brewery 啤酒厂brine 海水，盐水broth culture 肉汤培养，肉汤培养物bubble aeration 气泡曝气bubbling tower 起泡塔Buchner funnel 布氏漏斗bucker excavator 斗式挖掘机bucket dredger 斗式挖泥船buffer 缓冲液，缓冲剂buffer capacity 缓冲能力，缓冲容量building drain 建筑物内污水总管，建筑排水管building sewer (house sewer) 建筑物外污水总管bulking of activated sludge 活性污泥的膨胀buoyancy force 浮力burette 滴定管bypass 旁通管，超越管，旁路Ccabinet 箱，柜，橱cage rotor 笼式转子cake conveyer 滤饼输送带cake of filter-press 滤块，污泥压滤饼calcination 煅烧，焙烧calcium lime (calcium oxide, CaO) 石灰，生石灰calcium sulphate 石膏，硫酸钙calibration 校准，标定，定标calorie 卡（路里）calorific value 热值capillarity 毛细管作用，毛细现象capillary 毛细管；毛细的，毛细管的capillary suction time 毛细空吸时间（测定污泥过滤性）capital cost 基本（建设）投资，投资费，资本值capital repair 大修（理）carbonaceous compound 含碳化合物carburetor 汽化器carcinogen 致癌物，致癌因素cardiovascular disease 心血管疾病carrier 带菌者，载体cascade级联catabolism 分解代谢catalysis 催化（作用）catalyst 催化剂cataphoresis 电泳catchment 集水区域cathode protection 阴极保护cation 阳离子，正离子cation-exchange softener 阳离子交换软水器cationic surface active agent (cationic surfactant) 阳离子表面活性剂caustic (quick) lime 生石灰，石灰caustic 腐蚀性的，苛性的；苛性药，氢氧化物caveat （防止误解的）说明cavitation 空蚀作用，气蚀作用，空穴作用cavity 空腔cell 小室，细胞，电池，盒cell mass 细胞块cellular protoplasm 细胞原生质cellular 细胞的，多孔的，蜂窝状的cementation 胶结（作用）centigrade thermometer 摄氏温度计centrifugal 离心的cesspool 污水池channel improvement 河道整治characteristic curve of pump 泵的特性曲线characterization 表征，性能描写charcoal 木炭charge 电荷；充（水、气、电等）chart 图表check 核对，阻止，制动装置，支票，联单checklist （核对用的）清单chelating reagent 螯合剂，chemical 化学的；化学品，化学制品chemical engineering unit operation 化工单元操作chemical nomenclature 化学命名法chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemical resistance 耐化学性，化学抗性chemical stoichiometry 化学计量学chloride 氯化物chloride ion 氯根离子chlorinate (使)氯化，用氯消毒，用氯处理chlorinated lime 漂白粉chlorine feed unit 投氯设备，加氯单元chloroform 氯仿chlorophyll 叶绿素cholera 霍乱chromatography 色层（分离）法chronic pollution 慢性污染，长期污染chronic toxicity test 慢性毒性试验cinder 煤渣，焦渣circulator clarifier 水力（循环）澄清池cistern 蓄水池，贮水器cite 引用，引证clamp 夹子clarificant 澄清剂clarification 澄清，净化classifier （结合沉砂池的）洗砂机，分级机clay 粘土cleaner production 清洁生产climate modification 人工影响气候climatic anomaly 气候异常clinker （煤燃烧后留下的）渣滓，熔渣，熔块closet 盥洗室cloudiness 混浊性，浊度coagulant 混凝剂，凝聚剂coagulant aids 助凝剂coagulation 混凝，凝聚coalesce 凝结，凝聚，合并cocurrent extraction 并流萃取code of practice 工作规程，业务法规cold wave 寒潮coli test 大肠菌试验coliform 大肠的，大肠菌的coliform bacteria 大肠菌，大肠杆菌collecting trough 集水槽collection of classificated refuse 垃圾分类收集collection works 取水构筑物collector 集尘器，浮选促集剂，集电器，集水槽colloid 胶体colloidal 胶态的colony 菌落，群体color cast 色调color index 色度color-developing agent 显色剂colorimeter 比色计colorimetric analysis 比色分析colorimetry 比色法colour (color) 色，色度column plate 塔板combined available residual chlorine 化合性有效剩余氯combined sewage 合流污水，混合污水combined sewage system 合流下水道系统combustion 燃烧commercial formulation 生产配方commercial scale 工业规模commercial waste 商业废物，商业废水commercial 商业的，工业（用）的，大批生产的commercially 大批地commingle 混合，搀和comminute 使细碎，粉碎comminutor 磨碎机，粉碎机common grate 普通格栅communicable disease 传染病community 团体，界，全体居民，地区，社区，居民区，城镇，共同性，共有性，生物种群，群落community pollution 居民区污染，城市污染compaction 压实，压缩，致密化compactor truck 垃圾打包卡车compartment 间，室compensation 补偿，抵消，赔偿，平衡，调整completely miscible 完全混溶的complex 络合物complex ion 络离子component 组分，成分，分力，部件composite sample 混合样品，复合样品composite wastewater sample 混合废水样品composition 组成，成分，结构compost 把……做成堆肥，施堆肥于；堆肥compound fertilizer 复合肥料comprehensive utilization 综合利用compressed air 压缩空气concentrator 浓缩器concerted reaction 协同反应concrete 混凝土condensation 冷凝，凝结，缩合（作用），缩聚（作用）condensation polymerization 缩聚condensation reaction 缩合反应conditioning 调理（使污泥便于脱水）conductivity 传导性，传导率confined water 禁闭水confluence 汇流处，合流congeal 冻结，凝固conical type clarifier 圆锥形澄清池conjunction 联结，结合，连结connate water 原生水conservation 保护，守恒，保持conservation of energy 能量守恒consistence 稠性，相容性，一致性console 控制台consolidation tank （污泥）浓缩池constant rate pump 计量泵constant-head tank 恒水头水池constant-rate period 恒速阶段contact biological filter 接触生物滤池contact oxidation method 接触氧化法container 集装箱continental climate 大陆性气候continental drift 大陆漂移continuum 连续区，连续体contour line 等高线，等值线contour of water table 等水位线contracted weir 收缩堰contraction 收缩，收缩率convalescent 恢复期的convection 对流converging-diverging duct section 收缩－扩大管截面conveyer (conveyor) 传送机conveyor-type scraper 环链板刮泥器coordinate 坐标（系）；坐标的coordination 配位correction 校正，改正，纠正correlation 相关（性）corridor 走廊，流槽corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂cost 费用，成本cost benefit evaluation 费用－收益评价，成本－效益评价counter current （counterflow）逆流counter force 反作用力counterweight 平衡重，对重covalent bond 共价键covered sludge drying bed 有盖的污泥干化床crack 裂缝cracker 破碎机cradle 支架，机架criterion (criteria) 准则，标准critical 临界的，极限的critical compressive force 临界压力critical point 临界点cross conveyor 横向传送刮板cross current 错流，正交流cross cut test 正交试验cross section 断面，剖面，截面crucible 坩锅crush 破碎crusher 破碎机，砸碎机crystallization 结晶culprit 罪魁祸首, 肇事原因culture 培养基，培养微生物的成长culture medium 培养基，培养物curing 固化，硫化，熟化，处理current repair 小修（理）curve 曲线cycle 循环，周期cyclone 旋流，旋风，气旋器，旋风分离器，旋风除尘器cyclone dust collector 旋风集尘器cyclone scrubber 旋风涤气器cyclone separator 旋风分离器cylinder 钢瓶，（氧）气瓶，圆筒体cytoplasm 细胞质Ddaily flow 日流量，逐日流量dairy waste 牛奶场废水[废物] damped balance 阻尼天平deactivation 钝化作用deaeration unit 脱气装置deafening effect 隔声效果debris 有机残渣，腐质，残骸decantation 倾析，倾泻上层液decay 腐烂，衰变dechlorination 脱氯decibel 分贝decking 盖板，铺面，支撑板declining growth phase 生长衰落期decolorize 漂白de-emulsification 解乳化，破乳化defacing 磨损，损伤外观defecation 澄清deficiency 缺乏deficit 亏空，赤字defoam 去沫，去泡沫defoaming agent 消泡剂，去泡剂deforestation 滥伐，砍伐森林degasification 脱气作用deglaciation 冰消（作用）degradation 降解（作用）dehydration 脱水（作用），去水deionized water 去离子水，无离子水deliquescence 潮解demister 除雾器denitrification 反硝化，脱氮，脱硝（作用）denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌densely inhabited district 人口密集区deodorization 除臭作用deoxygenation 脱氧，脱除溶解氧，消氧dephenolizing 除酚，脱酚deposit 沉淀物，沉积物deposition 沉积（作用），沉积物depreciation 折旧depressant 抑制剂depression 减压，降低，抑制，洼地desalination 海水淡化，脱盐（作用）desiccant 干燥剂desiccating agent 干燥剂desulfurization from exhaust 从尾气脱硫detection limit 检出极限detention time 停留时间，逗留时间，滞留时间detergent 洗涤剂，去垢剂detritus 杂粒dialysis 渗析，膜析（渗透离析法）diaphragm 膜片，隔膜differential gauge 压差计diffused aeration 扩散式曝气（法）digester 消化池，煮解器digestion 消化dilute solution 稀溶液dilution 冲淡，稀释dimensionless 无因次的，无量纲的dioxin 二恶英direct-flow demineralization 自流式脱矿质discharge 流出，排出量，排放，放电discharge area 过水面积discharge capacity 流量，排水量，排放量discharge permit 排污许可（证）discharge rate 流量率，排水率，排放率，排放速率discipline 学科，科目discrete settling 离散沉降，单粒沉降dish aerator 浅盘式曝气器disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection 消毒（作用），灭菌（作用）disintegrator 破碎机，碎裂机dismantle 拆开，拆散dismutation 歧化（作用）dispersate 分散质dispersed-air flotation 弥散空气浮选dispersion 分散（作用），弥散（作用）displacement 置换，位移disposal （废弃物）处理，处置disposal of refuse in land fills 垃圾填埋处置dissociation 离解dissolution 溶解dissolve 溶解dissolved oxygen sag curve 溶解氧下垂曲线，氧垂曲线distillation 蒸馏（作用）distributing trough 配水槽，布水槽diurnal variation 昼夜变化，（周）日变DO (dissolved oxygen) 溶解氧dome aerator 圆罩式曝气器domestic demand 生活用水量，居民用水量domestic fecal sewage （家庭）粪便污水domestic refuse 家庭垃圾domestic sewage 生活污水domestic waste 家庭废水，生活废水，家庭垃圾downcomer 下水管，落水管downstream 顺流的，在下游的；顺流地，在下游地draft 草图，通风，汲出，汲水，引通draft fan 引风机draft tube 引通管，引水管drag （流体对悬浮颗粒的）摩阻，曳力drain pit (drain sump) 排水坑drain tile 瓦管drainage 排水，排水设备，排出的水draw 汲，吸，拉，拖dredge 挖掘，清淤dress water 选矿水drought 干旱，旱灾dry weather flow （合流沟管）晴天流量，干季（七天以上无雨）流量dryer 干燥器drying oven 烘箱dual water supply 分质供水durability 耐久性duration 期间，历时durationday 日照长度dust 尘dust cloud 尘云dust fog 尘雾dwelling 住宅，住所dye 染料dyestuff 染料Eeasement 附属建筑物ecological perspective 生态学观点ecological crisis 生态危机ecology 生态学effervescence 起泡，液沸（现象）effervescing 泡腾，起泡，鼓泡（作用）efficient rotation （农作物）有效轮作effluent 出水，出流，排出物ejection 喷射ejector 喷射器，射流器，喷射泵electric precipitation 电除尘electrode potential 电极电位electrodialysis 电渗析electrogalvanizing 电镀锌electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质，电解液electrolytic dissociation (ionization) 电离electromagnetic flowmeter 电磁流量计electromotive forces 电动势electrophoresis 电泳electroplating 电镀electrostatic precipitator 静电除尘器element 要素，元素，单元，单体，元件，部件，组成部分，（pl.）（基本）原理，基础elevated 高架的elevated reservoir 高地水库elevated tank 高位水箱elevation 高度，高程，海拔elevator 提升器，升降机elimination 去除，消除，消去elutriation 淘洗embrittlement 脆化emergency basin 备用池emergency bypass 事故旁路emergency outlet 事故出水口emergency water supply 应急给水，事故给水emission 散发，排放，排放物emission standard 排放标准empirical equation 经验方程emulsification 乳化emulsify 乳化emulsion 乳浊液enclosure 围档物，围墙endogenous phase 内生相（发生于体内的）endogenous respiration （细胞新陈代谢的）内源呼吸endothermic 吸热的engender 产生，造成，引起enmeshment 网捕，使陷入网中enrichment 富集entrap 收集，捕集，诱捕，截留entropy 熵environmental disruption 环境破坏environmental disturbance 环境破坏environmental impact 环境影响environmental monitoring 环境监测enzyme 酶equalization 均衡equipment availability 设备完好率erecting diagram 安装图erosion 侵蚀，冲刷，冲蚀eruption 喷发ester 酯estuary （沿海的）河口etch 蚀刻，侵蚀，蚀刻剂ethane 乙烷ethanol 乙醇，酒精etherification 醚化（作用）ethylene 乙烯eutrophication 富营养化evacuate 抽真空，抽出，排出（气）evaluation 评价evaporation 蒸发evergreen shrub 常绿灌木evolution 进化，演化，发育enclosure 围挡物exclude 排除excrement 排泄物，粪便exhaust 抽空，排尽，废气，排出的气；排出的，废的exhaust duct 排气导管exhaust fan 排风扇exhaust gas 尾气，废气，排气exhausted liquid 废液exogenous 外生的（有机体外的），外源性的exothermic 放热的expenditure of energy 能量消耗exploitation 开发，开采，利用，运行，操作，剥削exposure 暴露，曝露，接触，照射exposure dose 接触剂量exposure to pollutant 曝露于污染物中，接触污染物extended aeration 延时曝气（法）extraction 萃取，提取Ffabric filter 布袋过滤器facility 设施facultative 兼性的facultative aerobe 兼性好氧菌，兼性需氧菌facultative anaerobe 兼性厌气菌，兼性厌氧菌fallout measurement 散落物测定fall overturn 秋季翻转fat and oil 脂和油（油脂）fat trap 聚油脂阱fault 故障fauna 动物群feed 进料feeding installation 供水装置，投加装置fell trees 砍树，伐木felling operation 伐木工作fen 沼泽fermentation 发酵fertilizing value of sludge 污泥的肥料价值field 田地，现场，……场field observation 野外观察field survey 现场调查filament 纤丝，丝状体filamentous organisms 含丝状体的生物体fill 填满，填筑fill and draw 间歇式，注排法filler 填料filter 滤池，过滤filter aid 助滤剂filter medium 滤料，过滤介质filter paper 滤纸filter press 压滤机filter run 过滤周期，滤池运行周期filter screen 滤网filtrate 滤液（从污泥脱水滤出的）filtration 过滤final clarifier 最后澄清池，终沉池fine gravel 细卵石fine screen 细筛finish 光洁度，涂层，面层finished product 成品finishing 精修，精制，精加工，最终加工fire hydrant 消火栓first approximation 一级近似first order reaction 一级反应fish culture in stream 河道养鱼fishery 渔业，水产业，渔场fittings 配件，零件fixation of nitrogen 氮固定，固氮fixed matter 固定物质，不挥发物质fixed-bridge scraper 固定桥下刮泥器（用于辐射沉淀池）fixture 装置，工件夹具flammability 可燃性，易燃性flange 法兰，凸缘，突缘flash mixer 快速混合器，闪急混合器flask 烧瓶flat bottom 平底flat floor 平底flexible tube 软管floatation 漂浮，浮选floating scum 浮渣floating-cover digester 浮盖式消化池floc 絮凝物，絮粒，絮体，绒粒（俗称矾花）flocculant 絮凝剂flocculation 絮凝（作用）flooded area洪泛区，淹没地面flora 植物群flotation 浮选，气浮flow diagram 流程图flow meter 流量计flow pattern 流型flow rate 流量，流速flow sheet 流程图flue gas 烟道气，烟气flue gas desulfurization system 烟气脱硫系统fluidized bed 流化床flume 水槽，斜槽flush (强液体流)冲洗，清洗，冲水flushback 反冲洗fly ash 燃烧的烟尘，飞灰foam 泡沫；起泡沫，发泡沫foam recycle 泡沫（再）循环，泡沫回流food-borne illness 由食物传染疾病forced draft (draught) cooling tower 强制通风冷却塔forced ventilation 强制通风，机械通风foreign gas 杂质气体forest conservancy 森林保护forest deterioration 森林破坏formaldehyde 甲醛formation 地（岩）层fossil fuel 矿物燃料，化石燃料fractional distillation 分馏fractionation 分馏，分级，分数化free (available) chlorine 游离（有效）氯free labor 无偿劳动free radical 游离基，自由基fresh water 淡水fresh water aquiculture 淡水养殖friability 易碎性，脆性friction 摩擦full scale 实物尺寸的，大规模的，工业规模的，全刻度的fume 烟，烟气fuming nitric acid 发烟硝酸fungal component 共生菌fungi（pl.）菌类fungus （单数）菌，真菌furrow 沟槽Ggadget 小装置gage (gauge) 表，计，规尺galvanic cell 原电池galvanization 镀锌gamma ray detector γ 射线探测器garbage 垃圾，废料，污物，厨余，食品加工废物gas collector 集气罩，气体收集器gaseous waste 废气gasification 气化gel 凝胶，冻胶gene 基因gene conversion 基因转换gene duplication 基因复制genesis 成因，起源genus 类，种类geologic survey 地质调查geological examination 地质调查，地质勘测geosphere 陆界，陆圈，岩石圈germ 细菌，病菌germicidal 杀菌的germicide 杀菌剂germination 发芽，生长，产生，晶核化，长晶核gland 压盖（俗称“格兰”），密封装置glucose 葡萄糖grab sample 临时样品，单一样品grade of grain 颗粒级配grade of slope 坡度gradient 坡度，梯度grain size 颗粒大小，粒度grain size grading 粒径分级gram-equivalent weight 克当量Gram-positive 格兰阳性，革兰氏阳性grand canyon 大峡谷granular 粒状的，颗粒的graph 标绘图，线图graphical symbol 图例，图解符号graphite 石墨grate 格栅gravel 卵石，砾石gravimetric analysis 重量分析gravimetry 重量分析法gravity filtration 重力过滤gravity flow 自流，重力流gravity separator 重力沉降分离器gravity thickening 重力增稠grease content 油脂含量grease trap 油分离阱，油脂捕集器green belt 绿化地带green-house effect 温室效应grinder 磨碎机grinding 磨碎grit （污水中的）粗砂，杂粒，硬渣grit chamber 沉砂池，杂粒池gross 总的,粗的ground vegetation 地面植被gypsum 石膏Hhabitat （动植物）生活境地，栖息地handling 处理，输送，装卸handling operation 装卸操作[作业] handling characteristic 处理特性harvest 收成，产量，收获（物，量）；收获，收割haul 搬运，运程，运输量；用力拖（或拉），搬运，运输hauling charges 运费hauling equipment 运输设备hazardous 有害的，危险的hazardous waste 危险废物heat insulation 隔热heat release 放热heavily polluted 严重污染的herbicide 除草剂hereditary variation 遗传变异heterogeneous 非均匀的，多相的heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌high (low) flush tank 高（低）冲洗水箱high lift pump 高压泵high-rate 高负荷(率)的，高速的high-rate composting 高速[高效]堆肥high-rate digestion 高速[高效]消化hi-volume sampler 大体积取样器holder 储罐，夹具，架座holding tank 储料罐，收集槽homeostasis 生物体中的平衡homogeneous 均相的，均匀的，单一的hood 通风橱horizontal flow 平流hose 软管，水龙带household refuse 家庭垃圾humic acid 腐殖酸humidification 增湿（作用）humidity 湿度hybrid reaction 混合反应hybrid 杂化的，混合的，桥接的hydrant 消防龙头，消火栓hydrate 水合物hydration 水合（作用）hydraulic circular clarifier 水力循环澄清池hydraulic element 水力要素hydraulic sloughing 水力脱膜hydraulic stirring device 水力搅拌设备hydraulic subsiding value 水力沉降值hydrocarbon 烃，碳氢化合物hydrochloric acid 盐酸hydrology 水文学hydrophilic 亲水的，吸水的hydrophobic 恐水的，疏水的hydrostatical pressure 静水压力，流体静压力hydroxide 氢氧化物hydroxide ion 氢氧离子，羟离子hydroxyl ion 氢氧根离子，羟基离子hygienic 卫生的，卫生学的hyperfiltrate 超滤hypochlorite 次氯酸盐hypochlorite of lime 次氯酸钙，漂白粉Iimmersion 浸没，浸水immiscibility 不混溶性immobilized enzyme 固相酶，固定化酶impact allowance 冲击容许量impeller 叶轮impervious strata 不透水层impingement 碰撞，冲击，打击impingement plate tower 冲击式板式塔impinger 碰撞取样器，空气采集器impoundage 集水区impounding reservoir 蓄水池impulse 冲击，冲动，冲量，脉冲in block form 巨块状，成大块in bulk 散装，桶装in lumps 块团状incineration 焚化incinerator 焚化炉inclined tube settler 斜管沉淀器incremental loading (stepped feeding) 分段投加污水incrustation 结壳，外壳，表面装饰incubate (细菌)培养incubator 恒温箱，培养箱index 指数，索引，指标indicator organisms 指示性生物体，指示生物induced draft mechanical cooling tower 抽风式机械通风冷却塔industrial nuisance 工业公害inert filler 惰性填料inertia 惯性，惯量infection 传染infest 侵扰infiltration 渗透，渗入inflammability 可燃性，易燃性inflammable 可燃的，易燃的inflow 入流，流入物，流入（量），进水，进气influent 进水，入流infrared absorption spectrum 红外吸收光谱infrared gas analyzer 红外线气体分析仪ingest 摄入，摄取ingredient 成分，组成部分，配料，要素ingress 进口，进入ingress of groundwater 地下水侵入inherent moisture 固有水分inheritance 遗传inhibitor 抑制剂initial concentration 起始浓度initial interface velocity (rate of hindered settling) 悬浮物初始沉降速度initiation 引发，启动，开始injection 注射，喷射injector 注射器，喷射器inland water 内陆水体inlet 进水口，进口，雨水口inlet chamber 进口室，入流井inoculant 变质剂，孕育剂inoculate 给……接种，移植，嫁接inodourous 无臭气的，无气味的insecticide 杀虫剂installation 装置，设备instantaneous flow rate 瞬时流量instruction manual 使用手册instrument 仪器intact 完整的intake 取水口intake of water works 水厂取水口integrated control 综合防治integrated oxidation ditch 一体化氧化沟integrated plant protection 综合植物保护intercepting chamber 截流井interception 截流interceptor 截流管，截水沟interdisciplinary 各学科之间的，跨学科的interfacial active agent 界面活性剂interfacial tension 界面张力intermediate water supply 中水道interpolation 内插法interstice 空隙，孔interstitial 间隙的，空隙的，隙间的intestine 内部的，国内的；（pl.）肠intraparticle 粒子内的intrinsic energy 内能，本征能inundation 淹没，泛滥，水灾，洪水inventory 清单，目录，报表inversion layer 逆温层invert 管内底inverted-siphon 倒虹管iodide 碘化物iodine 碘iodometric titration method 碘量滴定法ion exchange resin 离子交换树脂ion migration 离子迁移，离子移动ion product 离子积ion-exchange membrane 离子交换膜ionization 电离（作用），离子化（作用）irrigation farming 灌溉农业isoelectric point 等电点isomer （同分）异构体isomerism 同分异构现象isotherm 等温线isotope 同位素Jjar 罐，瓶，（刺耳的）噪声jar test 搅拌试验，混凝试验，瓶式检验jelly 胶冻jet 喷射，射流jet aeration 射流曝气jet ejector 射流泵jetting machine 高压水清洗机junk 废料，废物；丢弃，丢掉jury pump 备用泵juxtaposition 并列，并置Kkeep clear of 避开，不接触Kjeldahl nitrogen 总有机氮kraft mill wastewater 制浆废水Llabeled compound 标记化合物lag growth 滞后生长lagoon 氧化塘，污水塘laminar flow 层流land disposal 地面排放，地面处置land irrigation （污水）地面灌溉land subsidence 地面沉降land treatment 地面（灌溉）处理landfill 土地掩埋，填埋landscape and recreation waterbody 景观和娱乐水体LAS 线性烷基苯磺酸盐（软性洗涤剂）latent heat 潜热lateral sewer 旁支沟管laundry waste 洗衣房废水lavatory 盥洗室lawsuit 诉讼leach 浸出，浸析；滤灰槽，沥滤器leachate （垃圾堆）渗滤液，沥滤液，浸出液leaching 浸取，浸提，渗洗leaching cesspool 渗污井，污水坑leather waste 皮革废水lethal dose 致死剂量level-sensing device 水位显示装置life 寿命，生命，生活life expectancy 预期寿命，预计期限lift head 扬程light catalyzed chlorine oxidation 光催化氯氧化liquefaction 液化liquefied gas 液化气liquefy 液化liquor 液litter 乱丢的废物，垃圾local exhaust ventilation 局部排气通风logger 记录器log-growth phase 对数生长期longevity 长寿，耐久性，存活力longitudinal 纵向的，经度的loop seal 环形管水封，回路水封loss on ignition 烧灼减重low flow year 枯水年low lift pump 低压泵Mmagnetic stirring 磁力搅拌magnitude of traffic flow 交通流量main drain 总排水管maintenance 维护make-up water 补给水malnutrition 营养不良malodorous 恶臭的manhole 检查井，窨井，人孔manipulation （手工）操作manometer （流体）压力计，（流体）压差计manure 肥料，粪肥marine deposits 海底沉积物marsh 沼泽，湿地marsh gas 沼气mass 大块，质量mass action law 质量作用定律mass balance 物料衡算mass growth 群体生长mass spectrograph 质谱仪mass transfer 质量转移，传质material balance 物料平衡，物料衡算matrix 模型，杂矿石，矩阵，基体maturation 成熟mean 中间，平均值，中项；中间的，平均的，下等的mean particle diameter 平均粒径measured day work 计时日工（计量的一日工作量）measurement 测定，量度measuring flask 容量瓶meat processing waste water 肉类加工废水meat-packing waste 肉类包装废水mechanism 机构，机构学，机理，机制membrane separation 膜分离mesh 网眼mesophilic 中温的，嗜温的metabolic respiration 新陈代谢的呼吸metabolism 新陈代谢metal processing and finishing 金属加工及修饰metatrophic 间营养的，介营养的（介于营养与非营养之间）methane 甲烷，沼气method of images 源象法micellae (micelle) 胶束microfiltration 微（孔过）滤microscope 显微镜micro-strainer 微滤机milling 研磨mineral acid 无机酸mineral matter 矿物质mineralization 矿化作用，（有机物的）无机化（作用）mining waste 采矿废水miscellaneous （混）杂的，杂项的，各种各样的，多方面的；其他mist 轻雾mixing impeller 搅拌叶轮model 模式，模型model test 模型试验，小规模试验modification 改变，改进modified 改变的，改良的，修改的modified starch 改性淀粉molecular sieve 分子筛moor 荒野，沼morbidity 发病率，每十万人的病例数morphology 形态学mortality 致命性moss 沼泽MPN (most probable number) 最概然数，最可能的数（目）mud 污泥，泥浆muffler 消声器，减声器multimedia 多种介质的，多种手段的，多种方式的multipurposeuse of waste 废物综合利用municipal 城市的，市政的municipal refuse 城市垃圾municipal sewage 城市污水mutagenesis 致突变作用mutagenic 诱变的，致突变的mutation 突变Nnascent oxygen 初生氧，新生氧natural circulation 自然环流natural conservation 自然保护neck 颈，颈部niche 小生境，适当的位置，适当的场所nightsoil 人粪尿，粪便nitrate nitrogen 硝酸盐氮nitric acid 硝酸nitrification (氮的) 硝化（作用）nitrifying bacteria 硝化菌nitrite nitrogen 亚硝酸盐氮Nitrobacter 硝化杆菌nitrogeneous compound 含氮化合物Nitrosomonas 亚硝化毛杆菌（使氨氧化为亚硝酸盐）noise elimination 噪声消除noise level 噪声级noise silencer 噪声抑制器nomogram 列线图，诺模图non-ferrous metals 非铁金属, 有色金属normal solution 当量溶液noxious 有害的nuisance 讨厌物，公害nuisanceless technology 无公害工艺nutrient 营养物，养料Oobjectionable 讨厌的，不适合的，不能采用的，不好的，有害的objectionable impurity 有害杂质obligate aerobes 专性需氧菌，专性好氧菌obnoxious 讨厌的occupational disease 职业病ocean disposal 向海洋排放ocean dumping 向海洋投弃，向海洋倾倒odor (odour) 臭味，气味（指香味和臭味）odor and taste 臭味和水味odorant (odorous substance) 恶臭物质of interest 值得注意的，有关的，重要的offensive industry 有毒工业，有害工业offscum 脱浮渣oil separate tank 隔油池oil separator 分油器，油水分离器，隔油池oil-and-water trap 油水收集器，油水阱olfaction 嗅觉olfactory sense 嗅觉oligotrophic 贫营养的on-site treatment systems 就地处理系统open channel flow 明渠流open ditch 明渠operating rules 操作规程operation manual （产品）使用说明书operational research 运筹学opposing reaction 对抗反应，对峙反应order of magnitude 数量级order of reaction 反应级数ordinance 法令，条例ordinary pressure 常压organic carbon(OC) 有机碳organic polyelectrolyte 有机高分子电解质organic polymer 有机聚合物organism 有机体，生物体organometallic compound 有机金属化合物orifice column 筛板塔original concentration 原始浓度ORP (oxidation。
环境工程专业英语重点
环境工程专业英语重点总结名词解释：①Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us；that which we can see, hear,touch,smell,and taste.环境是围绕在我们周围物质生命的栖息地,在那里我们可以看到,听到,触到,闻到和品尝到;②System, a set or arrangement of things so related or connected as to form a unit or organic whole. 系统” 一组或一系列能形成一个整体或者有机整体的相互关联的事物;③Pollution, an undesirable change in the physical,chemical,or biological characteristics of the air,water,or land that can harmfully affect the health,survival,or activities of humans or other living organisms. 污染有害影响健康,生存,活动的人或其它生物体的空气生物体的空气,或土地的物理,化学,或生物特性的不应该有的变化;④Source reduction: Any action that reduces the amount of waste exiting a process. 资源减量化: 减少在于一个过程中的大量废物的任何行为;⑤Waste minimization: The reduction to the extent feasible, of waste that is generated or subsequently treated, stored, or disposed of. 废物最少化” 产生的废物最大程度减少,然后处理,存储,或者处置;Unit 1: Environmental Engineering 环境工程①In an agrarian society, people lived essentially in harmony with mature, raising food, gathering firewood, and making clothing and tools from the land.在农业社会,人们基本上能与自然和谐地相处,他们在陆地上种植食物,收集木材,做衣服和工具;②The wastes from animals and humans were returned to the soil as fertilizer. Few, if any, problems of water, land, or air pollution occurred.动物和人类排放的废物作为肥料又返到土地中;很少有水污染、土地污染、和空气污染问题产生; Unit 2: Historical Overview of Hazardous Substance Disposal in theUSA 回顾美国处置危险物品的历史a result, industries that generated large quantities of these waste materials now had to ensure that the materials were disposed of in the a manner that was safe for the environment.结果导致产生大量废物的企业现在不得不确保这些物以一种对环境更安全的处置方式处理;sufficient legislation is now in place to solve the problem of hazardous waste disposal, it is unlikely that a true solution will be achieved for 20 years or longer.尽管现在有足够的法规来解决有害物质的处理问题,但是在二十年或更长的时间内是不可能真正的解决的;through interaction between industry scientists, and government regulators will true solutions be finally realized.只有通过工业界,科学家和政府部门的共同努力,才能最终得到解决;Unit 5: Type and Sources of Air Pollutants空气污染物的类型和来源geographic location of some heavily populated cities, such as Los Angeles and Mexico City, makes them particularly susceptible to frequent air stagnation and pollution buildup.一些人口稠密的城市的地理位置,例如洛杉矶和墨西哥城,他们特别容易受到频繁的空气停滞和空气污染累积的影响;themselves , measured concentrations tell us nothing about the danger caused by pollutants, because threshold levels, synergy, and biological magnification are also determining factors.通过测出的浓度自身并不能告知我们有关污染物所带来的危险的信息,因为临界浓度、协同作用还有生物放大效应都是决定因素;Unit 6: Effects on Climate and Ecological Environment气候和生态环境的影响induced global warming would be melting of 1. The most sever consequence of CO2the polar ice caps and the subsequent rise of ocean levels and inundation of coastal plains. 二氧化碳引起全球变暖最严重的后果是,极地冰川融化、海平面上升,沿海平原将被淹没;2. Although global warming from the already elevated levels of atmospheric CO2has been predicted by most climatic models, such a warming has not been empirically observed. 虽然很多气候模型预言了大气中二氧化碳水平的升高会引起全球变暖,但是这种变暖并没有实际观察到;3. Confirmation of the effect of CO2on climate has been confounded by the natural fluctuations in climate and average global surface temperatures. 自然气候和全球平均地表温度的波动一直干扰着二氧化碳对气候影响的证实;4. Although they indicate trends in average surface temperatures and climate, they unfortunately coincide with increased industrialization and pollution. 虽然这些记录表明了平均表面温度和气候的发展趋势,遗憾的是,这些记录又碰巧与工业化的增加和污染重合了;uncertainties associated with sink mechanisms considerable complicate the problem of determining the world carbon budget and prediction of future atmosphereCO2 levels.吸收机制的不确定性相当大程度地使世界碳量平衡和预计未来大气 CO2水平问题复杂化;Unit 8: New Technologies of Air Pollution Control大气污染控制的新技术1. Moreover, while bioremediation techniques are now being applied successfully for the treatment of soil and groundwater contaminated by synthetic organics, at present there is very little practical experience with biological systems for the control of air contaminants among environmental professionals in the U S. 而且,生物除污技术在土壤和地下水得到了成功的应用,现在, 美国环保专业人员中,生物学系统在控制大气污染物方面只有很少的实践经验;2. In fact, few environmental professionals in this country appear to be aware that “biofiltration” ., the biological removal of air contaminants from off-gas streams in a solid phase reactor, is now a well established air pollution control APC technology in several European countries, most notably The Netherlands and Germany.实际上,这个国家几乎没有环境的专家似乎意识到在好几个欧洲国家最显着的是荷兰和德国“生物过滤” 即从固相反应器气流中空气污染物的生物去除法是一种充分确立的空气污染控制技术;3. The experiences in Europe have demonstrated that biofiltration has economic and other advantages over existing APC technologies, particularly if applied to off-gas streams that contain only low concentrations typically less than 1000 ppm as methane of air pollutants that are easily biodegraded.欧洲的经验已经证明,生物过滤较已有的空气污染技术有着经济的和其他方面的优越性,特别是用于仅含有低浓度{ 1000ppm}易生物降解的空气污染物的尾气;4. The principal reasons why biofiltration is not presently well recognized in the ., and has been applied in only a few cases, appear to be a lack of regulatory programs, little governmental support for research and development, and lack of descriptions written in the English language. 对于那些为什么生物过滤法如今在美国还不是很好地被认识和只应用于仅仅很少的一些情况的道理,可以认为是缺少控制的计划、来自政府对此技术研究和发展支持,更是缺少用英语写成的有关这些技术的文献;5. While soil beds have been shown to control certain types of odors and VOC efficiently and fairly low and operating cost, their use in the . has been limited by the low biodegradation capacity of soils and the correspondingly large space requirements for the beds. 虽然已经证实土壤床可用想到低的投资和操作费用来控制某些类型的臭味和挥发性有机化合物,但是,土壤的低生物降解能力和相当大的占地要求限制了土壤床在美国的应用;Unit 10: Water Pollution and Pollutants 水污染及其污染源for the few pathogens that might be present are difficult and time consuming, and standard practice is to test for other more plentiful organisms that are always present in the billions in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including human.对可能存在的病菌的检测不仅有难度并且很耗时,并且标准的实施是对其他许多存在于包括人类在内的热血动物肠道内德有机体进行的检测; 老是强调进行的检测;2. VSS can be an indicator of the organic content of raw wastes and can also providea measure of the active microbial population in biological processes. 挥发性悬浮固体可作为原废物的有机,并为在生物过程活微生物数量提供一个测量方法;3. TOC is determined by measuring the amount of COproduced when the organic carbon2in the sample is oxidized by a strong oxidizer and comparing it with the amount in a standard of known TOC. 总有机碳是通过测量样品中的有机碳在一种强氧化剂的氧化作用下产生的二氧化碳的量,并与已知的总有机碳的标准对比而测得的;Unit 13: Water Treatment Processes 水处理过程1. Coagulation/flocculation is a chemical-physical procedure whereby particles too small for practical removal by plain sedimentation are destabilized and clustered together for faster settling. 混凝/絮凝法是一种化学物理过程, 混凝/絮凝法是一种化学物理过程,那些太小的用普通沉降法不能去除的颗粒具有在这个过程中失去稳定性能成团的特点, 而能较快地沉淀; NOTES 程中失去稳定性能成团的特点,从而能较快地沉淀;Unit 18: Sources and Types of Solid Wastes固体废弃物的来源和种类1. Although any number of source classifications can be developed, the following categories have been found useful.虽然已有许多废物来源的分类法,但以下的分类是很有价值的;2. As a basis for subsequent discussions, it will be helpful to define the various types of solid wastes that are generated.作为以下讨论的基础,定义所产生的各种固体废物是有帮助的;3. The most important characteristic of these waste is that they are highly putrescible and will decompose rapidly, especially in warm weather. 饮食废物的重要特点在于它具有易腐烂性, 尤其在温暖的天气里,会极快地腐烂;4. In addition to the amounts of food wastes generated at residences, considerable amounts are generated at cafeterias and restaurants, large institutional facilities such as hospitals and prisons, and facilities associated with the marketing of foods, including wholesale and retail stores and markets. 除了在家庭产生饮食废物外,在自助食堂、饭馆、医院和监狱等机构,以及诸如批发、零售等食品市场,均会产生大量的饮食废物;Unit 20: Methods of Waste Disposal 废弃物处理方法1. Waste can be pretreated by pulverizing, or mechanically breaking it down intosmall particle sizes, which can reduce the bulk by up to 33% by volume. 废物可以通过粉碎加以预处理,或者把废物粉碎成碎块可以使其体积减少33% 左右;2. In this survey, 72% of waste was tipped on land, 16% of the intractable and dangerous waste was dumped at sea in sealed containers, and % was buried. Only about 3% of the waste was disposed of by the alternative methods of incineration or discharge into sewers. 在这项调查中,72%的废弃物被倾倒在陆地上,16%棘手和危险的废弃物装在密封的容器被倾倒在海里,并%的废弃物被填埋,只有大约 3%的废弃物被焚烧或排入下水沟的选择性方法处理;专业名词：hazardous substance disposal 危险物品处置Resource Conservation and Recovery Act RCRA资源回收保护法Environmental Protection Agency EPA 环境保护署hazardous waste 有害废弃物waste Reduction 废物减量waste Minimization 废物最少化chlorofluoro carbon 含氯氟烃primary air pollution 初级空气污染secondary air pollution 次生空气污染次生空气污染threshold levels 临界浓度synergy 协同作用biological magnification 生物放大效应carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon oxides 碳氧化物sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫sulfur oxides 硫氧化物nitric oxide 一氧化氮nitrogen oxides 氮氧化物methane 甲烷hydrocarbons碳氢化合物photochemical oxidants光化学氧化剂Radioactive substances放射性物fossil fuels化石燃料ozone 臭氧without adequate 适当的ventilation 通风aerosol 气溶胶thermal energy 热能emissivity 发射率,辐射系数发射率average global surface temperatures 全球平均地表温度trace gases 痕量气体the centrifugal force 离心力cyclones 旋风分离器fabric filters 布袋过滤器wet scrubbers 湿式洗涤器electrostatic precipitators 静电除尘器impingement plate tower 冲击式板式塔biodegradation 生物降解bioremediation 生物修复volatile organic compounds VOC 挥发性有机化合物sulfur and nitrogen oxides 硫和氮氧化物hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢biodegradable 可生物降解的microorganisms 微生物solids 固体inorganic constituents 无机成分organic matter 有机物质purification 净化。
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇必备
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇必备Quality is the life of an enterprise. December 2, 2022环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类;环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology 环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis环境保护environmental protection 环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification环境效应environmental effect环境容量environmental capacity环境演化evolution of environment 环境舒适度environmental comfort 环境背景值本底值environmental background value环境保护产业环保产业environmental production industry 环境壁垒绿色壁垒environmental barrier绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题社会环境问题the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant全球性污染global pollution 排污收费pollution charge可更新资源renewable resources不可更新资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial waste water矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water 草原退化grassland degeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection “三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二恶英公害dioxine nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora 伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地面水地表水surface water 水位water level下渗入渗sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout含水层aquifer隔水层不透水层aquiclude透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水有压层间水confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水喀斯特水karst water径流runoff flow地表径流runoff地下水ground water流域保护water basin protection淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失土壤侵蚀soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物底质或底泥benthal deposit总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids 河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮红潮red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater 海底沉积物sea bottom sediment海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区水质功能区functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification 土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化土壤盐碱化soil salination土壤酸化soil acidification母质土壤母质或成土母质parent material土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action 缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soil aggregate 土壤退化土壤贫瘠化soil degeneration土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度precipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity事后评价afterwards assessment烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion烟羽烟流或羽流plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance 最小因子定律law of minimum 生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress 生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth 互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide防腐剂preservative杀鼠剂rodenticide无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation 世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎渔期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom 原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model 防护林带shelter belt沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors 边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration 恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide植物生长调节剂growth regulator 化学致癌物chemical carcinogen 表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH催化催化作用catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog 大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry 降水化学precipitation chemistry 气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate 总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulatesTSP飘尘可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘airborne particle降尘落尘dustfall；falling dust气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand 生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式氧垂曲线oxygen balance model吸收剂吸附剂absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant 有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant中和法neutralization反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane 硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration 微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis水质分析water quality analysis 比色分析colorimetric analysis沉降分析sedimentation analysis 自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry 原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter 水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring 过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant总固体total solids可吸入微粒可吸入尘和飘尘inhale particles浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality conrol空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性重现性reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry 重量分析gravimetric analysis内标法internal marker method定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis相关系数correlation coefficient 系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution 水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge超临界流体supercritical fluid土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射光visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏亏氧量oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved 无污染燃料pollution-free fuel 燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio 烟气分析analysis of flue gas煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal脱硫desulfurization 除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失压力降pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector 重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning静电除尘electrostatic precipitator ESP 电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器两段式电除尘器two-stage electrostatic precipitator 湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber 中心喷雾旋风洗涤器cyclone spray scrubber泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber 文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst 催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization FGD湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control of NOx by absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NOxby absorption process with alkali吸附法控制氮氧化物control of NOx by adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NOxby adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NOxby adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal生物脱臭biotreatment of oder集气罩capture hood 烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emmission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant 污水处理厂wastewater treatment给水污水处理构筑物water sewagetreatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank 重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank 斜板斜管沉淀池sloping plankpipesettling tank辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank 平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment 絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation 气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressuredissolved-air floatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process 压力过滤法pressure filtration process真空过滤法vacuum filtration process快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter双层滤料滤池double layer filter 无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process 反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane 电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis 离子交换膜ion exchange membrane 萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method废水好氧/厌氧处理biological aerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio 污泥容积指数sludge velum index 污泥负荷volume loading普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process 分段曝气法step aeration method 延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surface aerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biologicalfiler生物转盘biological rotating disc 生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter 化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification 污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pond ICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tankintermittent aeration tank system需氧池－间歇池A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop process Bardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox process UCT工艺university of cape town VIP工艺Virginia initiative plant 厌氧生物滤池AFanaerobic filter厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludge blanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorizationdisinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine 液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual 化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint 过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank 污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes 城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system 余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cementsolidification石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphaltsolidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes筛分screening of solid wastes风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene 环境毒理学environmental toxicology口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease慢性毒性chronic toxicity急性毒性acute toxicity 致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ 致突变作用mutagenesis 致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissible concentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethal concentrationLD50剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship 恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit valueTLV 高危人群population at high risk 易感人群susceptible populatio环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmentalquality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning环境决策分析environmental decision analysis总量控制total discharge control of pollutant浓度控制concentration control排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education环境意识environmental consciousness 环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system环境监测environment monitoring 环境标志environmental label清洁生产cleaner production 环境审计environmental audit 产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard“三同时”制度three simultaneity system排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent限期治理制度system ofeliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system of environmental pollution accident reporting中华人民共和国环境保护法Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China中华人民共和国水污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution中华人民共和国大气污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China全国生态环境建设规划nationaleco-environmental construction plan全国生态环境保护纲要national compendium on eco-environmental protection地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economytype牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3Rreducing, reusing, recycling生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management集约经营intensive management自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier国民生产总值gross national productionGNP国民生产净值net national productionNNP国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban population ratio of used gas城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit 成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint 环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/discharge coefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate 人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education 中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school 环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china。
环境工程专业英语考试重点词汇
精品文档.Environmental quality 环境质量 Acid rain 酸雨Sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 Nitrogen oxide 氧化氮 Automobile exhausts 汽车尾气 Infectious diseases 传染病 Waterborne diseases 通过水传播的疾病Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 Environmental disturbance 环境破坏Aquatic life 水生物 Detection limits 检出限 Qualitative 定性的 Quantitative 定量的Characterization 表征 性能描写 Unpleasant odors 难闻的气味 Trace l level 痕量 微量 Carbon oxide 碳化物 Carbon monoxide 一氧化碳 Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 Sulfur oxide 硫化物 Sulfur dioxide 二氧化硫 Sulfur trioxide 三氧化硫 Nitrogen oxide 氮化物 Nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮 Nitric oxide 一氧化氮 Nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮 Ethane 乙烷 Propane 丙烷Photochemical oxidants 光氧化剂 Ozone 臭氧 Aldehydes 乙醛 Sulfate salts 硫酸盐 Hydrogen sulfide 硫化氢 Ammonia 氨气 Sulfur acids 硫酸 Nitric acid 硝酸Primary air pollutant 一次污染物 Second air pollutant 二次污染物 Biofiltration 生物过滤Volatile organic compounds 挥发性化合物Trickling filter 滴滤器 Municipalsewagetreatmentplant 市政污水处理厂Wastewater treatment plant 污水处理厂Rendering plant 炼油厂 Ethanol 乙醇Biodegradation 生物降解 Bioremediation 生物治理 Suspended solid （SS ） 悬浮颗粒物Volatile suspended solid(VSS) 挥发性悬浮颗粒物 Biochemicaloxygendemand(BOD)生化需氧量 Heavy mental 重金属 Domestic sewage 生活废水 Chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量 Sewage 污水、废水 Microorganism 微生物 Microbe 微生物 Bacteria(复数) Bacterium(单数)细菌 Oxidizer 氧化剂 Oxidant 氧化剂 Dissolved oxygen 溶解氧 Residence time 停留时间 Eutrophic lake 富营养化的湖泊 Sanitary sewage 生活污水 Aeration tank 曝气池 Sedimentation tank 沉淀池 Eutrophication 富营养化 Adsorption 吸附 Activated carbon 活性炭 Activated sludge 活性污泥 Coagulation 絮凝、凝固 Flocculation 混凝 Sedimentation 沉淀、沉积 Hydrophilic 亲水的、吸水的 Oxidizing agent 氧化剂 Reverse osmosis 反向渗透 Membrane 膜 Groundwater 地下水Surface water 地表水 Aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝 Screening （用拦污栅）隔离 Turbidity 浊度，浑浊性 Colloidal 胶体Chlorine dioxide 二氧化氯 Ultraviolet light 紫外线 Limestone 石灰石 Incinerator 焚烧炉 Hazardous waste 危险废物 Refuse 垃圾、废物Environmental protection agency 环保部Hydrogen sulfide 硫化物 Decontamination 净化，消除……的污染 Aerobic 需氧的 Anaerobic 厌氧的 Decibel meter 分贝仪 Subsonic 亚声速的 Supersonic 超声速的 Muffler 消声器Ecological disruptions 生态破坏 Aquatic ecosystem 水环境系统 Environmental impactassessments 环境影响评价Kinetics 动力学 Steady-state 稳态的Point source discharge 点源排放 Receiving water 收纳水体 Nitrogen oxide 氮氧化物 Photochemical oxidant 光化学氧化剂Carbon monoxide 一氧化碳 Coliform bacteria 大肠杆菌。
环境工程英语词汇汇总
环境工程英语词汇汇总环境工程英语词汇汇总环境工程专业学生主要学习普通化学、工程力学、测量学、工程制图、环境微生物学、水力学、学、环境监测、环境工程学科的根本理论和根本知识，受到外语、计算机技术及绘图、污染物监测和分析、工程设计、管理及规划方面的.根本训练，具有环境科学技术和给水排水工程领域的科学研究、工程设计和管理规划方面的根本能力。
以下是关于环境工程专业的汇总，希望大家喜欢。
Atmospheric position大气组成Seismic monitoring地震监测Atmospheric particulates大气颗粒物Carbon dioxide二氧化碳Greenhouse gases温室气体Wind erosion风蚀Contaminated land污染的土地Land carrying capacity土地承载能力Land use classification土地使用分类Sedimentation沉淀, 沉降Chlorofluorocarbons氯氟碳Deposited particulate matter沉降的颗粒物Desertification沙漠化Microclimate effects微气候影响Solid Earth固态地球Afforestation植树造林Forest conservation森林保护Grass fires草地火灾Greenbelts绿化带Ecological balance生态平衡Temperate woodlands温带林地Ecological balance生态平衡Food chain食物链Parasites寄生生物National parks国家公园Reptiles爬行动物Cloning无性繁殖Municipal water distribution systems城市配水系统River pollution河流污染Resources management资源管理Air quality空气质量Atmospheric chemistry大气化学Air-water interaction空气-水相互作用Atmospheric circulation大气环流Atmospheric precipitation大气降水Carbon cycle碳循环Evaporation蒸发作用Precipitation enhancement降水增加Solar radiation太阳辐射Transpiration蒸腾作用Acid rain酸雨Air pollutants空气污染物Fly ash飞灰Haze薄烟Climatic issues气候问题Climatic change气候变化Climatic zones气候带Drought干旱, 缺乏Global warming全球变暖Humidity湿度Sea level rise海平面上升Agricultural lan农用土地Contaminated land污染的土地Gravel pits沙坑Heath lands荒地Land pollution土地污染Marginal lands边缘土地Water erosion水蚀Soil capabilities土壤潜力Soil contamination土壤污染Desertification(土壤)荒漠化，沙漠化Drought control抗旱Dry farming旱作Biotopes群落生境Tropical forests热带森林Endangered plant species濒危植物物种Temperate forests温带森林Tropical ecosystems热带生态系统Tropical forests热带森林Antarctic region南极地区Arctic ecosystems北极生态系统Arctic region北极地区Cold zone ecosystems寒带生态系统Grassland ecosystems草地生态系统Permafrost ecosystems永久冻土生态系统Polar ecosystems极地生态系统Temperate ecosystems温带生态系统Mountain ecosystems山地生态系统Highland ecosystems高原生态系统Watershed management流域管理Waterside development水边开发Amphibians两栖动物Animal behaviour动物习性Animal resources动物资源Arthropods节肢动物Biological diversity生物多样性。
环境工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
环境工程专业英语词汇(整理版)环境污染 (Environmental Pollution)大气污染 (Air Pollution)- 空气质量指数 (Air Quality Index, AQI)- 酸雨 (Acid Rain)- 二氧化硫 (Sulfur Dioxide, SO2)- 氮氧化物 (Nitrogen Oxides, NOx)- 悬浮颗粒物 (Particulate Matter, PM)- 光化学烟雾 (Photochemical Smog)- 臭氧层破坏 (Ozone Depletion)- 温室效应 (Greenhouse Effect)水污染 (Water Pollution)- 水质标准 (Water Quality Standards)- 水体富营养化 (Eutrophication)- 水生生物 (Aquatic Organisms)- 重金属污染 (Heavy Metal Pollution)- 悬浮物 (Suspended Solids)- 生活污水 (Domestic Wastewater)- 工业废水 (Industrial Wastewater)- 河流富营养化 (River Eutrophication)- 水下沉积物 (Sediment)- 藻类水华 (Algal Blooms)土壤污染 (Soil Pollution)- 土壤污染物 (Soil Pollutants)- 农药残留 (Pesticide Residues)- 有机污染物 (Organic Pollutants)- 重金属污染 (Heavy Metal Pollution)- 土壤酸化 (Soil Acidification)- 土壤侵蚀 (Soil Erosion)环境保护法律 (Environmental Protection Laws)大气污染防治法 (Air Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 大气污染物排放控制 (Air Pollutant Emission Control)- 大气污染责任追究 (Air Pollution Liability)水污染防治法 (Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 水污染排放标准 (Water Pollutant Discharge Standards)- 水污染控制区划 (Water Pollution Control Zones)- 水污染防治设施 (Water Pollution Control Facilities)土壤污染防治法 (Soil Pollution Prevention and Control Law) - 土壤环境质量标准 (Soil Environmental Quality Standards)- 土壤污染调查与评价 (Soil Pollution Investigation and Assessment)> 注意：以上仅为部分词汇和法律名称示例，更多内容可根据需要进行扩展和更新。
环境科学与工程专业英语词汇汇总
环境科学专业英语》专业词汇unit 1 ：1. 环境科学与工程environmental engineering and science ；2. 排污权交易pollution discharge right trade ；3. 修复技术restoration technique ；4. 臭氧消耗物质ozone consumption material ；5. 地下水subsurface water ；6. 人口增长population growth ；7. 卫生设施与基础设施health facilities and infrastructure ;8.环境健康风险environmental health risk ；9. IPCC政府间气候变化专门委员会Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change；10. CFCs 氯氟烃chlorofluorocarbon ；11. 安全的饮用水safe drinking water ；12. 温室气体greenhouse gas；13. 酸雨acid rain ；14. 城市化urbanization ；15. 工业废弃地derelict in dustrial land ; 16.臭氧层chemosphere； 17.全球大气污染the global air pollution ；18.全球变暖的趋势the trend of global warming；19. 污染物的传输contaminant transport ；20. 污染预防pollution prevention unit 4 ：1. 完整性和可持续性integrity and sustainability ；2. 退化与受损的生态系统the ecosystem has been degraded and damaged ；3. 生态系统的结构、组成和功能the ecosystem's structure,composition and functioning ；4. 恢复原始的景观recover its predisturbance state ；5. 文化信仰与习俗cultural beliefs and customs；6. indigenous species 本土物种；7. opportunist species 优势种；8. 自然作用the function of nature ；9. 火山爆发volcanic eruption ；10. 历史轨迹historic trajectory ；11. 基础的生态学数据baseline ecological data ；12. 预测模型predictive models ；13. 外来入侵物种alien invasive species ；14. 生态修复Ecological Restoration ；15. 恢复生态学Restoration Ecology ；16. 全球变化global changing ；17. 监控方法the monitoring function ；18. 在干扰之前in predisturbanee ；19.根据…制图be charted from ；20.集体的决定collective decisionUnit 7:1、案头研究与野外调查相结合的办法 A combined method of desk study and field study2、法定限值statutory threshold value ；3、地图、表格、曲线与照片的利用The use of maps,graphs/charts,tables and photographs ；4、环境影响评价法The law of Environmental impact assessment ；5、影响预测impact prediction ；6、减缓措施mitigation measures ；7、背景研究baselinestudies ；8 、环境要素与环境受体environmental components and environmental receptors 9、项目说明书project specification ；10、累积影响cumulative impacts ；11 、环境影响报告书Environmental Impact Statement ；12、ERAEnvironmental risk assessment；13、residual impacts 潜在的影响；14、项目施工期constrution phase ；15、可替代的生产技术的选择Selection of alternative production techniques ；16、定性分析与定量分析相结合Combineof qualitative assessment and quantitative assessment; 17、基础方案base case 18、监控程序monitoring procedures ; 19、流程图分析flow chart analysis ；20、事件树分析event tree analysis ；Unit 12:1. 城市污水的处理深度; treatment levels of municipal sewage ;2. 排放许可pischarge permits ;3. 单元操作; unit oprations ;4. 单元过程; unit process ;5. 污水预处理; preliminary tereatment of sewage;6. 污水一级处理; primary treatment of sewage;7. 污水二级处理; secondary treatment of sewage;8. 污水三级处理; tertizry treatment of sewage;9. 污水高级处理; advanced treatment of sweage ; 10. 生物营养物去除; biological nu trie nt removal ;11. 氮和磷；n itroge n and phosphorus ；12. BODbiological oxygen demand；13. TSS total suspended solids ；14. 污水消毒；sweage disinfection ；15. VOC volation organic compound 挥发性有机物；16. 紫外线消毒；UV radiation disinfection ；17. 下水道溢流；sewer verflow ；18. 大肠菌；colliform bacteria ；19. 回流returnflow ；20. 过滤filtration ；21. 城市污水处理厂municipal sewage plants ；22. 市政工程municipal engineering ；23. 生物处理系统biological treatment systems ；24. 有机物organic matter ；25. 工程决断engineering judgement ；26. 当地法规local regulations ；27. 沉降作用sedimentation ；28. 可沉淀的颗粒物settleable particles ；29. 反渗透reverse osmosis ；30. 膜生物反应器membrane bioreactors ；31. 涡流分流器vortex separators ；32. 污水净化sewageclarification ；33. 超滤ultrafiltration ；34. 出水水质water quality of effluent ；35. 富营养化nutrientenrichment/eutrophication ；36. 点源污染point source pollution ；37. 面源污染（非点源污染）nonpoint source pollution ；38. 老化的基础设施aging infrastructure ；39. 紫外灯UV lamp；40. 土地处理过程land treatment process。
环境工程专业重点英语单词
环境工程专业重点英语单词1. Environment (n): The natural world and the surroundings in which people, animals, and plants live.Example: We need to protect the environment for future generations.2. Engineering (n): The branch of science and technology concerned with the design, building, and use of engines, machines, and structures.Example: He studied engineering at university.3. Pollution (n): The presence or introduction into the environment of substances or energy that cause harm or discomfort to living organisms. Example: Air pollution is a major problem in many cities.4. Sustainable (adj): Able to be maintained at a certain rate or level over time.Example: The company is committed to sustainable development.5. Waste (n): Material that is not wanted; the act of using or expending something carelessly, extravagantly, or to no purpose.Example: We need to find a better way to dispose of waste.6. Treatment (n): The application of medical or therapeutic measures to a patient.Example: The water treatment plant ensures clean drinking water for the community.7. Contamination (n): The presence of harmful or unwanted substances in an environment or substance.Example: The contamination of the river has caused the fish population to decline.8. Conservation (n): The act of preserving, protecting, or restoring the natural environment, natural ecosystems, vegetation, and wildlife. Example: The national park is dedicated to the conservation of endangered species.9. Renewable (adj): Capable of being replenished or replaced by natural processes within a human lifetime.Example: Solar energy is a renewable source of power.10. Emission (n): The production and discharge of something, especially gas or radiation.Example: The factory's emissions are contributing to air pollution.11. Remediation (n): The action of remedying something, in particular of reversing or stopping environmental damage.Example: The soil remediation process will remove contaminants from the site.12. Efficiency (n): The state or quality of being efficient, in which maximum productivity is achieved with minimum wasted effort or expense.Example: The new lighting system improves energy efficiency.13. Sanitation (n): The provision of clean drinking water and adequate sewage disposal to promote public health.Example: Access to proper sanitation facilities is essential for preventing disease.14. Biodegradable (adj): Capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms.Example: It is important to use biodegradable products to reduce waste.15. Conservationist (n): A person who advocates or acts for the protection and preservation of the environment and wildlife.Example: Jane Goodall is a well-known conservationist.16. Hazardous (adj): Involving risk or danger, especially to someone's health or safety.Example: The storage of hazardous materials requires special precautions.17. Renewable energy (n): Energy collected from resources that are naturally replenished, such as sunlight, wind, and water.Example: Many countries are investing in renewable energy sources to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.18. Ecosystem (n): A biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.Example: The destruction of forests has a negative impact on the ecosystem.19. Biodiversity (n): The variety and variability of life forms within a given area.Example: Protecting biodiversity is crucial for maintaining a healthy planet.20. Toxic (adj): Poisonous; harmful to living organisms.Example: Industrial waste often contains toxic chemicals.21. Effluent (n): Liquid waste or sewage discharged into a river or the sea. Example: The treatment plant ensures that effluent is properly treated before being released.22. Conservationism (n): The philosophy and movement advocating for the protection of the environment and natural resources.Example: Conservationism aims to balance human needs with the preservation of nature.23. Remedial action (n): Steps taken to correct or mitigate a problem or damage.Example: The company implemented remedial actions to address the environmental contamination.24. Greenhouse effect (n): The trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's atmosphere due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases.Example: The greenhouse effect is causing global warming.25. Incineration (n): The process of burning waste materials, often for the purpose of generating energy.Example: Incineration can be an effective method of waste disposal when done properly.26. Acid rain (n): Rainfall that has been made acidic by pollution, especially from the combustion of fossil fuels.Example: Acid rain can have detrimental effects on ecosystems and infrastructure.27. Biomass (n): Organic matter, such as plant material and animal waste, that can be used as a source of energy.Example: Biomass can be converted into biofuel for power generation.28. Soil erosion (n): The removal of soil by wind or water, often caused by human activities or natural processes.Example: Deforestation contributes to soil erosion.29. Ecological footprint (n): The impact of human activities on theenvironment, measured in terms of the amount of land and resources required to sustainably support those activities.Example: By reducing our ecological footprint, we can minimize our impact on the planet.30. Waste management (n): The collection, transportation, processing, recycling, and disposal of waste materials.Example: Proper waste management is essential for protecting the environment and public health.31. Landfill (n): A site for the disposal of waste materials by burying them under layers of earth.Example: Recycling reduces the amount of waste sent to landfills.32. Air quality (n): The degree to which the air is free from pollutants, contaminants, and odors.Example: Monitoring air quality is crucial for public health.33. Environmental impact assessment (n): The evaluation of the likely environmental consequences of a proposed project or action.Example: An environmental impact assessment is required before starting construction on a new development.34. Ozone depletion (n): The reduction in the concentration of ozone in the Earth's ozone layer, primarily caused by the release of certain chemicals into the atmosphere.Example: The Montreal Protocol was established to address ozone depletion.35. Land degradation (n): The decline in the quality of land, often caused by human activities such as deforestation and agriculture.Example: Land degradation can lead to desertification.36. Wastewater treatment (n): The process of removing contaminants from wastewater before it is discharged back into the environment.Example: Wastewater treatment plants play a crucial role in protecting water resources.37. Marine pollution (n): The contamination of the marine environment, usually by human activities such as oil spills and dumping of waste.Example: Marine pollution can have devastating effects on marine ecosystems.38. Noise pollution (n): Excessive or constant noise that is disruptive or harmful to humans and animals.Example: Noise pollution from traffic can negatively impact human health.39. Ecosystem services (n): The benefits that people obtain from ecosystems, such as clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation.Example: Preserving forests is important for maintaining ecosystem services.40. Industrial waste (n): Waste generated by industrial processes, often containing hazardous substances.Example: Proper disposal of industrial waste is crucial for preventing environmental contamination.41. Emission control (n): Measures taken to reduce the discharge of pollutants into the environment.Example: Stricter emission control regulations have led to cleaner air in many cities.42. Nonrenewable (adj): Not capable of being replenished or replaced within a reasonable time frame.Example: Fossil fuels are nonrenewable resources.43. Waste reduction (n): The act of minimizing the amount of waste generated through source reduction, recycling, and reuse.Example: Waste reduction strategies aim to reduce landfill waste.44. Environmental ethics (n): A branch of philosophy that considers the moral obligations humans have towards the environment and non-human living entities. Example: Environmental ethics advocate for the rights of animals and the preservation of natural habitats.45. Water scarcity (n): The lack of sufficient water resources to meet the needs of a population or region.Example: Climate change is exacerbating water scarcity in many parts of the world.46. Renewable resource (n): A natural resource that can be replenished or replaced by natural processes within a human lifetime.Example: Solar power is derived from a renewable resource.47. Environmental impact (n): The effect of human activities on theenvironment, including both positive and negative consequences.Example: A construction project must consider its environmental impact.48. Acidification (n): The process of becoming more acidic, often caused by increased carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.Example: Ocean acidification poses a threat to marine life.49. Ecotourism (n): Tourism that involves responsible travel to natural areas, with an emphasis on conserving the environment and improving the well-being of local communities.Example: Ecotourism promotes sustainable tourism practices.50. E-waste (n): Electronic waste, such as obsolete computers, mobile phones, and televisions, that is discarded by consumers.Example: It is important to properly dispose of e-waste to prevent environmental contamination.。
（完整版）环境科学与工程-专业英语词汇
（完整版）环境科学与工程-专业英语词汇环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类。
环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry 环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis环境保护environmental protection环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification环境效应environmental effect环境容量environmental capacity环境演化evolution of environment环境舒适度environmental comfort环境背景值（本底值）environmental background value环境保护产业（环保产业）environmental production industry 环境壁垒（绿色壁垒）environmental barrier 绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题（社会环境问题）the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant全球性污染global pollution排污收费pollution charge 可再生资源renewable resources不可再生资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial wastewater矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water草原退化grassland degeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二噁英公害dioxin nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley 多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地表水surface water水位water level下渗（入渗）sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout 含水层aquifer 隔水层（不透水层）aquiclude 透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水（有压层间水）confined water 或自流水artesian water 孔隙水void water岩溶水（喀斯特水）karst water径流runoff flow地表径流land runoff地下水groundwater流域保护water basin protection淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失（土壤侵蚀）soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物（底质或底泥）benthal deposit 总固体total solids 悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation 湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮（红潮）red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater海底沉积物sea bottom sediment海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation 河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollutiontoxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区（水质功能区）functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化（土壤盐碱化）soil salination土壤酸化soil acidification母质（土壤母质或成土母质）parent material 土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soil aggregate土壤退化（土壤贫瘠化）soil degeneration 土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度p recipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity 事后评价afterwards assessment烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion烟羽（烟流或羽流）plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance最小因子定律law of minimum生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide杀鼠剂rodenticide防腐剂preservative无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎（渔）期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test 稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism 耐污种tolerantspecies生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model防护林带shelter belt沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide 氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide 拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide 植物生长调节剂growth regulator化学致癌物chemical carcinogen表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs 多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH 催化（催化作用）catalysis 臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN 干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry降水化学precipitation chemistry气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulates(TSP)飘尘（可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘）airborne particle降尘（落尘）dustfall；falling dust气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential 溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式（氧垂曲线）oxygen balance model吸收剂(吸附剂)absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant 中和法neutralization 反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis水质分析water quality analysis比色分析colorimetric analysis沉降分析sedimentation analysis自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry 原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer 原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography 高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph 气相色谱分析gas chromatography气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index 城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard 总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant总固体total solids可吸入微粒(可吸入尘和飘尘)inhale particles 浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality control空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性(重现性)reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry 重量分析gravimetric analysis内标法internal marker method定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis相关系数correlation coefficient系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge超临界流体supercritical fluid土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射(光)visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning 稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏(亏氧量)oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve 饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved无污染燃料pollution-free fuel燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio烟气分析analysis of flue gas煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal 脱硫desulfurization除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失（压力降）pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning 脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning静电除尘electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes 电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator 湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器（两段式电除尘器）two-stage electrostatic precipitator 湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber 旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber中心喷雾旋风洗涤器]cyclone spray scrubber 泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization (FGD)湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with acid 碱吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with alkali吸附法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal生物脱臭biotreatment of odor集气罩capture hood烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant污水处理厂wastewater treatment给水（污水）处理构筑物water （sewage）treatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank 重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank斜板（斜管）沉淀池sloping plank(pipe)settling tank辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank 颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment 絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation 拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressure dissolved-airfloatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process 压力过滤法pressure filtration process 真空过滤法vacuum filtration process 快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter双层滤料滤池double layer filter无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration 微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter 滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material 斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis离子交换膜ion exchange membrane萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method 废水好氧/厌氧处理biological aerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio污泥容积指数sludge velum index污泥负荷volume loading 普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process分段曝气法step aeration method延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator 扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator 机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surface aerator 曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process 污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter 水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biological filer生物转盘biological rotating disc生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system 氧化塘oxidation pond 好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pondICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tank intermittent aeration tank system(需氧池－间歇池)A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop processBardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox processUCT工艺university of cape townVIP工艺Virginia initiative plant厌氧生物滤池(AF)anaerobic filter厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludgeblanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorization disinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder 紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays 加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine 液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter 板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press 带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge 中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation 污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes 城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cement solidification石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphalt solidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes筛分screening of solid wastes风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene 环境毒理学environmental toxicology 口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease慢性毒性chronic toxicity急性毒性acute toxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissibleconcentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethal concentration(LD50)剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit value(TLV)高危人群population at high risk易感人群susceptible population环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmental quality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning环境决策分析environmental decision analysis 总量控制total discharge control of pollutant 浓度控制concentration control 排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education环境意识environmental consciousness 环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system 环境监测environment monitoring环境标志environmental label 清洁生产cleaner production环境审计environmental audit产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard “三同时”制度three simultaneity system排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent限期治理制度system of eliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system of environmental pollution accident reporting 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution 《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution《中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China《全国生态环境建设规划》national eco-environmental construction plan《全国生态环境保护纲要》national compendium on eco-environmental protection 地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard 大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economy type牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3R(reducing, reusing, recycling)生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management 集约经营intensive management自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations 绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier国民生产总值gross national production(GNP) 国民生产净值net national production(NNP)国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban population ratio of used gas 城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security 代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control 公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutantgeneration/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/discharge coefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education 跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china。
环境工程英语专业词汇
环境工程专业词汇 A aqueduct arable Aquaticlife aggregationAuthenticity渠，水管渠，水管 可耕的可耕的水生物水生物 凝聚凝聚 可靠性可靠性 aquifer Asbestos ammonia arid augmentation 蓄水层蓄水层 石棉石棉 [化]氨, , 氨氨水NH3 干旱的干旱的, , , 贫瘠的贫瘠的贫瘠的 增加增加 AdverseActivated SludgeAerobic pondAnaerobic pond Anaerobicdigestion(Sludgedigestion) 的不利的, , 敌对的, , 相反的相反的相反的 活性污泥活性污泥 好氧塘好氧塘厌氧塘厌氧塘厌氧消化（污泥消化）消化） Acidogenic phase Anaerobic Sequencing BatchReactor （ASBR ASBR））Activated carbon(AC)Activatedcarbon fiber (ACF) A/O A/O 工艺工艺工艺产酸阶段产酸阶段 厌氧序批式反应器反应器 活性炭活性炭 活性炭纤维活性炭纤维 硝前置反硝化化脱氮工艺氮工艺 AdvancedOxidationProcess （AOP AOP））高级氧化工艺高级氧化工艺Bbiodegradabil itybutane benzeneBiota baghouse 生物降解能力生物降解能力 丁烷，丁烷，C4H10 C4H10 苯, C6H6 生物群生物群 布袋布袋 Be laden with BiologicalFluidised Bed充满充满 生物流化床生物流化床CCarbon dioxide colloid coagulatio ncharacterizati on caustic 二氧化碳二氧化碳 胶体胶体 混凝混凝 表征表征 腐蚀性的腐蚀性的, , Carcinogenic Cyanide criterion 致癌物致癌物 氰化物氰化物(批评判断的)标准, 准据准据, , , 规范规范规范compositeCarbon monoxideconfirmati onconfound contend的合成的, , 复合的一氧化碳一氧化碳 证实证实, , , 确认确认确认 使混淆使混淆, , 斗争斗争, , , 竞争竞争竞争, ,counteract convention alcyclone conical centrifugal 中和中和 惯例的惯例的, , , 常常规的规的, , 旋风旋风, [, [, [气气]气旋气旋圆锥形的圆锥形的离心的离心的 cement conjunctio ncompartment 水泥，接合剂水泥，接合剂联合, 关联, , 连接词连接词连接词 （过滤）单元（过滤）单元 DDischarge decomposition dilute distribution droplet 排出，排出物排出，排出物 分解分解冲淡冲淡,,稀释稀释 分布状态分布状态 液滴液滴derive deleterious deforestation Dewatering dehydrate 起源起源 有害的有害的, , , 有有毒的毒的森林开伐森林开伐 脱水脱水 (使)脱水脱水 detergent Dehydrator Disinfection清洁剂清洁剂 脱水器脱水器 消毒消毒EEnvironmental disturbanceexcavationevaluation employ 环境破坏环境破坏 挖掘挖掘, , , 发掘发掘发掘 估计，评价估计，评价 使用使用empiricalethanol EcologicalFactors经验主义的, [化]实验式实验式 乙醇乙醇 生态因子生态因子Fflocculation formationfiltration FlotationthickeningFacultative Pond 絮凝絮凝 形成形成, , , 构成构成构成 过滤过滤 气浮浓缩气浮浓缩 兼性塘兼性塘fiberglass Fabric filter Fermentati onFat acidFluidized-bed 玻璃纤维玻璃纤维,,玻璃丝 布袋过滤器布袋过滤器 发酵发酵 脂肪酸脂肪酸 流化床流化床GGenerating station granular Granular sludge Granular activatedcarbon (GAC)发电站发电站 粒状的粒状的 颗粒污泥颗粒污泥 粒状活性炭粒状活性炭Hheterogeneity hydrogensulfide humusHigh-rate Filterdesiccation异种, 异质, 不同成分不同成分 氢化硫H2S 腐殖质腐殖质 高负荷生物滤池高负荷生物滤池 干燥干燥 Hopper Hydrolysis 漏斗漏斗 水解水解IImpounding ion insulation infrared isotope 积水的，蓄水的蓄水的 离子离子 绝缘绝缘 红外线的红外线的 红外线红外线[化]同位素同位素 Ion Exchange Incinerati on inlet Impingement plate tower离子交换离子交换 焚化焚化 进口，入口进口，入口 冲击式板式塔冲击式板式塔 K Kiln窑LlyophiliclyophobicLimeSoftening Process Lime-Soda Softening ProcessLiquid film亲液亲液 憎液憎液石灰软化法（除硬度时用的）用的）石灰——苏打法（除硬度时用的）的） 液膜液膜 M manipulati on multivaria te Methane mechanism处理处理, , , 操作操作操作 [统][][数数]多元的元的甲烷甲烷 械机械装置装置, , 机构, , 机制机制机制 Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids （MLSS MLSS））Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids （MLSS MLSS））migrate Methanogenic phaseMethanogens混合液悬浮固体浓度，混合液污泥浓度污泥浓度 混合液挥发性悬浮固体浓度浓度 移动移动 产甲烷阶段产甲烷阶段 产甲烷菌产甲烷菌NNitrogen oxide Nitrogen dioxide Nitric oxide Nitrous oxide Nitric acid 氧化氮氧化氮 二氧化氮二氧化氮 一氧化氮一氧化氮 一氧化二氮一氧化二氮 硝酸硝酸 OoxidantOxidation pondORP氧化剂氧化剂 氧化塘氧化塘氧化还原电位Ppercolate particle proportion Pre-concentrat ion过滤过滤,,滤液滤液 颗粒颗粒 比例比例, , 预选预选, , , 预富集预富集预富集, , 预浓缩预浓缩perturbationperipheryplug Packed tower Powderedactivated carbon (PAC)动摇动摇, , , 混乱混乱混乱外围外围插栓插栓填料塔填料塔 粉末活性炭粉末活性炭 Qqualitative analysis quantitati ve ve analysis analysis 定性分析定性分析 定量分析定量分析R Real-timeretentionReverseOsmosis Desalinati on[计] ] 实时的实时的实时的保持力保持力 反渗透除盐反渗透除盐SSmelter Sulfur dioxide SolState of matter substitute 熔炉，冶金厂，冶炼者冶炼者 二氧化硫二氧化硫胶体溶液或溶胶溶胶物态物态替代品替代品 Sewer Stringent statistic spectroscopystagnation污水道，下水道下水道严厉的严厉的, , , 迫迫切的切的, , 统计量统计量 统计的统计的, , , 统统计学的计学的[物]光谱学光谱学, , , 波波谱学谱学, , , 分光镜使分光镜使用停滞停滞soot sulfate Sulfur Sulfur acid acid synergySemi-arid煤烟煤烟, , , 烟灰烟灰烟灰 [化] 硫酸盐硫酸硫酸协同（作用）协同（作用） 半干旱的半干旱的 Sluggish settling tank SettlingVelocity（SV SV））SettlingVelocity Index （SVI SVI））Stabilization懒惰的，缓慢的缓慢的 沉淀池沉淀池 污泥沉降比污泥沉降比 污泥容积指数污泥容积指数 稳定稳定 Stabilization pond/lagoonScrubber Spray Spray tower tower Sulfate-reduci ngbacteria(SRB) STR（稳定塘（氧氧化塘）塘）洗涤器洗涤器 喷雾塔喷雾塔 硫酸盐还原细菌硫酸盐还原细菌 污泥龄，固体停留时间留时间 Synthetical Organic Submerged Biofilmchemicals (SOCs)Reactor 人工合成有机物 生物接触氧化法（淹没式生物滤池）池）TTubular reactor TracelevelstabularThreshold levelthermal 管式反应器管式反应器微量，痕量微量，痕量 制成表的, 扁平的扁平的, , , 表表格式的格式的临界浓度临界浓度热的热的, , , 热量的热量的热量的 terrestrial Trickling Filter Thickeningtangential 陆地陆地普通生物滤池浓缩浓缩 切线的切线的 Total organic carbon (TOC) Total Nitrogen (TN) Total KjeldahlNitrogen(TKN)总有机炭总有机炭总氮（有机氮和无机氮的总合）的总合） 总凯式氮（氨氮和有机氮之和）机氮之和）UUASB （Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Blanket））UV升流式厌氧污泥层泥层 紫外线紫外线 V value Volatileorganic compounds (VOCs)值 挥发性有机物WWaterborne diseases水传染的疾病水传染的疾病。
(完整版)环境科学与工程-专业英语词汇
环境科学与工程专业词汇包括环境学总论、环境地学、环境生物学、环境化学、环境物理学、环境工程学、环境医学、环境经济学、环境管理学、环境法学、环境教育等11大类。
环境学总论原生环境primary environment次生环境secondary environment生态示范区ecological demonstrate area环境地质学environmental geology环境地球化学environmental geo-chemistry 环境土壤学environmental soil science环境微生物学environmental microbiology环境危机environmental crisis环境保护environmental protection环境预测environmental forecasting环境自净environmental self-purification环境效应environmental effect环境容量environmental capacity环境演化evolution of environment环境舒适度environmental comfort环境背景值（本底值）environmental background value环境保护产业（环保产业）environmental production industry环境壁垒（绿色壁垒）environmental barrier 绿色革命green revolution可持续发展sustainable development第三类环境问题（社会环境问题）the third environmental problem悬浮物suspended solids一次污染物primary pollutant二次污染物secondary pollutant全球性污染global pollution排污收费pollution charge 可再生资源renewable resources不可再生资源non-renewable resources自然保护区natural reserve area防护林protection forest公害public nuisance矿山公害mining nuisance工业废水industrial wastewater矿山废水mining drainage生活饮用水domestic potable water草原退化grassland degeneration沙漠化desertification人口压力population pressure人口净增率rate of population全球环境监测系统global environment monitoring system GEMS中国环境保护工作方针Chinese policy for environment protection“三同时”原则principle of “the three at the same time”二噁英公害dioxin nuisance马斯河谷烟雾事件disaster in Meuse Valley 多诺拉烟雾事件disaster in Donora伦敦烟雾事件disaster in London水俣病事件minamata disease incident骨痛病事件itai-itai disaster incident洛杉矶光化学烟雾事件Los Angeles photochemical smog episode四日市哮喘事件Yokkaichi asthma episode米糠油事件Yusho disease incident环境地学水圈hydrosphere水循环water circulation地表水surface water水位water level下渗（入渗）sinking蒸发evaporation最高水位highest water level 最低水位lowest water level 平均水位average water level 警戒水位warning water level 流速flow velocity流量discharge洪水期flood season枯水期low-water season冲刷washout 含水层aquifer 隔水层（不透水层）aquiclude 透水层permeable stratum层间水interlayer water承压水（有压层间水）confined water 或自流水artesian water孔隙水void water岩溶水（喀斯特水）karst water径流runoff flow地表径流land runoff地下水groundwater流域保护water basin protection淡水fresh water咸水saltwater降水precipitation沉淀降水量amount of precipitation降水强度intensity of precipitation水环境容量carrying capacity of water environment水土流失（土壤侵蚀）soil and water loss点源污染point source pollution面源污染non-point source pollution扩散diffusion涡流eddy current涡流扩散eddy diffusion富营养化废水eutrophic waste-water污水sewage漫灌flood irritation水底沉积物（底质或底泥）benthal deposit 总固体total solids悬浮固体suspended solids总溶解固体total dissolved solids河流复氧常数constant of river reoxygenation 湖泊酸化lake acidification富营养化eutrophication富营养湖eutrophic lake中营养湖mesotrophic lake贫营养湖oligotrophic lake水库reservoir海洋处置sea disposal海底采样sea floor sample赤潮（红潮）red tide海水淡化desalination of seawater海底沉积物sea bottom sediment海洋倾倒ocean dumping水质water quality水资源综合利用water resource integrated utilization水土保持soil and water conservation 河道整治channel improvement水污染毒性生物评价biological assessment of water pollution toxicity水利工程hydro-engineering水体自净self-purification of water body水环境保护功能区（水质功能区）functional district of water environment土地处理系统land treatment system土地沙漠化land desertification土壤肥力soil fertility土壤酸碱度soil acidity and alkalinity土壤污染防治prevention and treatment of soil pollution土壤盐渍化（土壤盐碱化）soil salination土壤酸化soil acidification母质（土壤母质或成土母质）parent material 土壤剖面soil profile腐殖质化humification淋溶作用leaching土壤改良soil improvement土壤粒级soil separate土壤质地soil texture缓冲作用buffering/buffer action缓冲剂buffering agent/buffer缓冲容量buffer capacity盐基饱和度base saturation percentage灌溉irrigation富里酸fuvic acid胡敏素humin土壤团聚体soil aggregate土壤退化（土壤贫瘠化）soil degeneration 土壤地带性soil zonality污水灌溉wastewater irrigation臭氧层ozone layer降水precipitation降水量rainfall降水强度p recipitation intensity大气环境容量atmospheric environmental capacity事后评价afterwards assessment烟尘消除elimination of smoke and dust温室效应greenhouse effect大气扩散atmospheric diffusion烟羽（烟流或羽流）plume逆温inversion环境生物学生境habitat耐受极限limits of tolerance最小因子定律law of minimum生物检测bioassay环境胁迫environmental stress生物多样性bio-diversity生态位niche生命周期life cycle生态型ecotype自养生物autotrophy异养生物heterotroph指数增长exponential growth互利共生mutualism偏利共生commensalisms寄生parasitism衍生物derivative杀虫剂insecticide杀菌剂fungicide除草剂herbicide杀鼠剂rodenticide防腐剂preservative无残留农药non-persistent pesticide植物性农药phytopesticide污水灌溉sewage irrigation世界自然历史遗产保护地world natural and historical heritage site储量stock过度捕获over-hunting; over-fishing猎（渔）期open season农业残渣agricultural dregs赤潮red tide藻花algae bloom/水花water bloom原生污染物primary pollutant次生污染物secondary pollutant急性毒性实验acute toxicity test 慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity test预备实验screening test; range-finding test; preliminary test稀释dilution归宿fate生物积累bioaccumulation生物浓缩bioconcentration生物放大biomagnification生物降解biological degradation; biodegradation生物营养物质biotic nutrient多污生物带polysaprobic zone中污生物带mesosaprobic zone寡污生物带oligosaprobic zone敏感种sensitive species; intolerant organism 耐污种tolerant species生物滤池biological filter净化塘/氧化塘/生物塘purification pond生物膜biomembrane; biological film轮作crop rotation间作intercropping套种interplanting基塘模式farm land and fish pond model防护林带shelter belt沼气marsh gas农家肥farm manure堆肥piled manure城市热岛效应urban heat island effect城市生态规划urban ecological planning环境激素endocrine disrupting chemicals; endocrine disruptors边缘效应edge effect生态恢复ecological restoration恢复生态学restoration ecological环境化学甲基汞methyl mercury镉米cadmium rice农药残留pesticide residue有机氯农药organochlorine pesticide有机磷农药organophosphorous pesticide 氨基甲酸酯杀虫剂carbamate insecticide 拟除虫菊酯杀虫剂pyrethroid insecticide 植物生长调节剂growth regulator化学致癌物chemical carcinogen表面活性剂surfactant多氯联苯类polychlorinated biphenyls;PCBs 多环芳烃类polyaromtic hydrocarbon; PAH 催化（催化作用）catalysis臭氧化ozonization光化学氧化剂photochemical oxidant过氧乙酰硝酸酯peroxyacetyl nitrate；PAN 干沉降dry deposition湿沉降wet deposition光化学烟雾photochemical smog大气光化学atmospheric photochemistry降水化学precipitation chemistry气溶胶化学aerosol chemistry悬浮颗粒物suspended particulate总悬浮颗粒物total suspended particulates(TSP)飘尘（可吸入颗粒物或可吸入尘）airborne particle降尘（落尘）dustfall；falling dust气溶胶aerosol水质water quality盐度salinity氧化还原电位oxidation-reduction potential；redox potential溶解氧dissolved oxygen化学需氧量chemical oxygen demand生化需氧量biochemical oxygen demand总有机碳total organic carbon溶解度solubility聚集aggregation絮凝flocculation凝聚coagulation离子交换ion exchange萃取extraction缓冲溶液buffer solution氧平衡模式（氧垂曲线）oxygen balance model吸收剂(吸附剂)absorbent活性炭active carbon氧化剂oxidant还原剂reductant胶团micelle胶体溶液colloidal solution脱硫剂desulfurization agent电渗析electrodialysis萃取剂extracting agent过滤filter絮凝剂flocculant；flocculating agent无机絮凝剂inorganic flocculant有机高分子絮凝剂organic polymer flocculant 中和法neutralization 反渗透膜reverse osmosis membrane硅胶silica gel蒸汽蒸馏steam distillation超滤膜ultrafilter membrane灵敏度sensitivity准确度accuracy精密度precision可靠性reliability检测限detection limit相对误差relative error绝对误差absolute error偶然误差accidental error平均偏差mean deviation采样误差sampling error标准溶液standard solution标准物质standard substance允许误差allowable error允许浓度allowable concentration微量分析microanalysis痕量分析trace analysis现场分析in-situ analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis水质分析water quality analysis比色分析colorimetric analysis沉降分析sedimentation analysis自动分析automatic analysis原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度计atomic absorption spectrophotometer原子荧光光谱法atomic fluorescence spectrometry原子荧光光谱仪atomic fluorescence spectrometer电化学分析法electrochemical method高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography高效液相色谱仪high performance liquid chromatograph气相色谱分析gas chromatography气相色谱仪gas chromatograph采样器sampler大气采样器air sampler底泥采样器sediment samplerpH计pH meter湿度计hygrometer固定大气污染源stationary sources of air pollution移动大气污染源mobile sources of air pollution固定式水污染源stationary sources of water pollution移动式水污染源mobile sources of water pollution污染负荷pollution load污染源调查survey of pollution sources无污染工艺pollution-free technology无污染装置pollution-free installation污染物总量控制total amount control of pollution水质参数water quality parameter水温water temperature色度color index透明度transparency混浊度turbidity硬度hardness感官污染指标sensuous pollution index毒理学污染指标physical pollution index化学污染指标chemical pollution index细菌学污染指标bacteriological pollution index毒理学污染指标toxicological pollution index 城市污水municipal sewage生活污水domestic sewage工业废水industrial wastewater常规分析指标index of routine analysis环境监测environmental monitoring过程监测course monitoring污染物排放标准pollution discharge standard 总量排放标准total amount of pollution discharge standard优先监测priority monitoring环境优先污染物environmental priority pollutant总固体total solids可吸入微粒(可吸入尘和飘尘)inhale particles 浊度计turbidimeter实验室质量控制laboratory quality control空白实验值blank value平行样duplicate samples再现性(重现性)reproducibility重复性repeatability回收率recovery rate检出限detection limit冷原子吸收法cold-vapor atomic absorption method紫外吸收光谱法ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry重量分析gravimetric analysis内标法internal marker method定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitive analysis试样前处理pre-treatment均值mean value标准差standard error方差variation回归分析regression analysis相关分析correlation analysis相关系数correlation coefficient系统误差systematic error随机误差random error有效数字valid figure农药残留分析pesticide residue analysis排污收费effluent charge室内空气污染indoor air pollution水体自净self-purification of water body水土保持soil and water conservation水土流失soil erosion土壤修复soil-remediation生物修复bioremediation光降解photodegradation温室气体greenhouse gases总量收费total quantity charge超临界流体supercritical fluid土壤采样soil pollution环境物理学光辐射(光)visible radiation 红外线infrared ray紫外线ultraviolet ray灭菌灯bactericidal lamp 光污染light pollution噪声污染noise pollution 混响reverberation听力损失hearing loss绝对湿度absolute humidity相对湿度relative humidity饱和度saturation ratio冷凝condensation露点温度dew point temperature热辐射thermal radiation比热specific heat空气调节air conditioning通风ventilation环境工程学环境污染综合防治integrated prevention and control of pollution环境功能区划environmental function zoning 稀释比dilution ratio迁移transfer紊流扩散turbulent diffusion氧亏(亏氧量)oxygen deficit复氧reaeration溶解氧下垂曲线dissolved-oxygen sag curve 饱和溶解氧saturated dissolved无污染燃料pollution-free fuel燃烧combustion空气－燃料比air-to-fuel ratio烟气分析analysis of flue gas煤的综合利用comprehensive utilization of coal 脱硫desulfurization除尘效率particle collection efficiency分割粒径cut diameter for particles压力损失（压力降）pressure drop机械除尘器mechanical collector重力沉降室gravity settling chamber惯性除尘器inertial dust separator旋风除尘器cyclone collector回流式旋风除尘器reverse-flow cyclone collector直流旋风除尘器straight-through cyclone collector多管旋风除尘器multiple cyclone collector过滤除尘器filter袋式除尘器bag house滤料filtration media气布比air-to-cloth ratio机械振动清灰袋式除尘器bag house with shake cleaning逆气流清灰袋式除尘器bag house with reverse-flow cleaning脉冲喷吹清灰袋式除尘器bag house with pulse-jet cleaning静电除尘electrostatic precipitator (ESP) 电晕放电corona discharge驱进速度drift velocity集尘极collecting electrode板间距distance between collecting electrodes 电极清灰removal of collected particle from electrodes宽间距静电除尘器wide space electrostatic precipitator高压脉冲静电除尘器pulse charging electrostatic precipitator湿式静电除尘器wet electrostatic precipitator 双区静电除尘器（两段式电除尘器）two-stage electrostatic precipitator湿式除尘器wet collector of particulates重力喷雾洗涤器gravitational spray scrubber 旋风洗涤器centrifugal scrubber中心喷雾旋风洗涤器]cyclone spray scrubber 泡沫洗涤塔foam tower scrubber填料床洗涤器packed bed scrubber文丘里洗涤器venturi scrubber双膜理论two-film theory气膜控制gas film control液膜控制liquid film control穿透曲线break through curve催化剂catalyst催化剂中毒poisoning of catalyst 烟气脱硫flue gas desulfurization (FGD)湿法脱硫wet process of FGD石灰－石灰石法脱硫desulfurization by lime and limestone氨吸收法脱硫ammonia process of FGD干法脱硫dry process FGD吸收法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by absorption水吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with water酸吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with acid碱吸收法脱氮control of NO x by absorption process with alkali吸附法控制氮氧化物control of NO x by adsorption分子筛吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with molecular sieve硅胶吸附法脱氮control of NO x by adsorption process with silica gel气体生物净化biotreatment of gaseous pollutant生物过滤器biofilter汽车尾气污染pollution of automobile exhaust gal生物脱臭biotreatment of odor集气罩capture hood烟囱有效排放高度effective height of emission清洁生产cleaner production矿山废水mining drainage电镀废水electroplating wastewater给水处理厂water treatment plant污水处理厂wastewater treatment给水（污水）处理构筑物water （sewage）treatment structure污水集水井swage joining well废水调节池wastewater flow equalization basin格栅grill筛网grid screen沉砂池grit settling tank曝气沉砂池aeration grit settling tank平流式沉砂池horizontal grit settling tank立式圆形沉砂池vertical circular grit settling tank圆形周边运动沉砂池circular perimeter flow grit settling tank重力排砂grit discharge by gravity水力提升排砂grit discharge with hydraulic elevator水力旋流器hydraulic cyclone沉淀池settling tank重力沉淀池gravity settling tank 浓缩式沉淀池thickening settling tank斜板（斜管）沉淀池sloping plank(pipe)settling tank辐流式沉淀池radial settling tank平流式沉淀池horizontal settling tank竖流式沉淀池vertical settling tank悬浮污泥澄清池suspended sludge clarifier脉冲澄清池pulse clarifier水力循环澄清池hydraulic circulating clarifier竖流折板絮凝池vertical table flap flocculating tank机械搅拌絮凝池mechanical mixing flocculating tank 颗粒自由沉降particle free sediment 絮凝沉降flocculation sedimentation 拥挤沉降hindered sedimentation气浮池floatation basin加压溶气气浮法pressure dissolved-airfloatation微电解法micro electroanalysis过滤池filter重力过滤法gravity filtration process 压力过滤法pressure filtration process 真空过滤法vacuum filtration process 快滤池rapid filtration慢滤池slow filtration接触滤池contact filter双向滤池bidirectional filter双层滤料滤池double layer filter无阀滤池non-valve filter虹吸滤池siphon filter压力滤池pressure filterV型滤池aquazur V-filter砂滤sand filtration 微滤机microstrainer滤池冲洗强度backwashing intensity of filter 滤层filter material layer滤料承托层holding layer for filter material 斜板隔油沉淀池oil trap with slope plank冷却塔cooling tower湿式氧化法wet oxidation process反应池reaction basin叶轮搅拌器turbine mixer膜分离法membrane separation method半渗透膜semi-permeable membrane电渗析electrodialysis反渗透reverse osmosis离子交换膜ion exchange membrane萃取extraction汽提stripping吹脱法blow-off method臭氧氧化法ozonation臭氧发生器ozonator磁分离法magnetic isolation method光催化氧化optical catalysis oxidation软化水处理softening water treatment石灰－纯碱软化法lime-sodium carbonate softening method 废水好氧/厌氧处理biological aerobic/anaerobic treatment of wastewater微生物内源代谢microorganism intrinsic metabolism微生物合成代谢microorganism synthetic metabolism基质分解代谢substrate degradation metabolism活性污泥法activated sludge process回流污泥return sludge剩余污泥surplus sludge初次沉淀池primary sedimentation basin 曝气池aeration推流式曝气池plug-flow aeration basin完全混合曝气池completely mixed aeration basin二次沉淀池secondary sedimentation basin污泥沉降比sludge settling ratio污泥容积指数sludge velum index污泥负荷volume loading 普通活性污泥法conventional activated sludge process分段曝气法step aeration method延时曝气法extended aeration method加速曝气法accelerant aeration method深井曝气法deep well aeration method纯氧曝气法oxygen aeration method 鼓风曝气装置blast aerator 扩散曝气设备diffusion aerator 射流曝气设备efflux aerator 机械曝气装置mechanical aerator 表面曝气装置surface aerator曝气时间aeration time污泥龄sludge age活性污泥培养activated sludge culture活性污泥驯化domestication of activated sludge粉末炭活性炭法powdered carbon activated sludge process污泥膨胀sludge bulking生物滤池biological filter高负荷生物滤池high-loading biological filter 水力负荷hydraulic loading有机负荷organic loading塔式生物滤池tower biological filer生物转盘biological rotating disc生物流化床biological fluidized bed活性生物滤池activated biofilter化粪池septic tank污水硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitrification污水反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by denitrification污水硝化—反硝化脱氮处理nitrogen removal from wastewater by nitridenitrification土地处理系统land treatment system 氧化塘oxidation pond好氧塘aerobic pond兼性塘facultative pond厌氧塘anaerobic pond曝气氧化塘aerated oxidation pondICEAS intermittent cyclic extended aeration system间歇循环延时曝气活性污泥法DAT-IAT工艺demand aeration tank intermittent aeration tank system(需氧池－间歇池)A1/O工艺anoxic/ oxicA2/O工艺anaerobic oxicPhostrip工艺phostriop processBardenpho工艺Bardenpho process Phoredox工艺Phoredox processUCT工艺university of cape townVIP工艺Virginia initiative plant厌氧生物滤池(AF)anaerobic filter厌氧接触法anaerobic contact process厌氧生物转盘anaerobic biological rotating disc两相厌氧消化two-phase anaerobic digest序批式间歇反应器series batch reactor氧化沟oxidation ditch上流式厌氧污泥床upflow anaerobic sludgeblanketMSBR modified sequencing batch reactor消毒disinfection灭菌sterilization加氯机chlorinator氯化消毒chlorization disinfection漂白粉消毒disinfection by bleaching powder 紫外线消毒disinfection with ultraviolet rays 加氯消毒disinfection by chlorine液氯liquified chlorine gas需氯量chlorine demand余氯chlorine residual游离性余氯free chlorine residual化合性余氯combined chlorine residual折点加氯chlorination breakpoint过氧化氢消毒disinfection by hydrogen peroxide除味taste removal除臭odor removal脱色decoloration生污泥undigested sludge熟污泥digested sludge污泥处置disposal of sludge污泥综合利用comprehensive utilization of sludge真空过滤法vacuum flotation process污泥浓缩sludge thickening污泥消化sludge digestion污泥脱水sludge dewatering污泥干化sludge drying污泥焚烧sludge incineration真空过滤机脱水dewatering by vacuum filter 板框压滤机脱水dewatering by plate frame press filter辊轧式脱水机脱水dewatering by roll press 带式压滤机脱水dewatering by belt press filter离心式脱水机脱水dewatering by centrifuge 中温消化处理middle temperature digestive treatment高温消化处理high temperature digestive treatment污泥堆肥发酵处理sludge composting and fermentation 污泥浓缩池sludge thickener污泥消化池sludge digestion tank污泥产气率gas production rate of sludge污泥干化场sludge drying bed固体废物solid wastes城市生活垃圾municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾堆放处置法dumping of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾卫生填埋法sanitary landfilling of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾焚烧法incineration of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾分类sorting of municipal solid wastes城市生活垃圾收集collection of municipal solid wastes垃圾收费refuse taxing废电池used battery有毒有害工业固体废物toxic industrial wastes医疗废物health care wastes堆肥composting填埋场landfill渗滤液leachate treatment焚烧炉incineration furnaces助燃空气系统air injection system余热利用heat utilization焚烧灰渣ash水泥固化技术cement solidification石灰固化lime solidification沥青固化技术asphalt solidification固体废物预处理preliminary treatment of solid wastes破碎crushing of solid wastes筛分screening of solid wastes风力分选wind separation放射性固体废物radioactive solid waste声级计sound level meter消声室anechoic room; anechoic chamber; dead room混响室reverberation room隔声sound insulation吸声muffler环境医学环境卫生学environmental hygiene 环境毒理学environmental toxicology 口蹄疫foot-and-mouth disease流行病学epidemiology地方病endemic disease氟斑牙dental fluorosis职业病occupational disease慢性毒性chronic toxicity急性毒性acute toxicity致癌物carcinogen变异variation病原体pathogen抗体antibody抗原antigen突变mutation病毒virus蓄积器官storage organ致突变作用mutagenesis致畸作用teratogenesis致癌作用carcinogensis摄入量intake dose吸收量absorbed dose卫生标准health standard最高容许浓度maximum permissibleconcentration致死量lethal dose半致死浓度median lethal concentration(LD50)剂量－反应关系dose-response relationship恶臭offensive odor协同作用synergism拮抗作用antagonism因果关系cause-effect relationship相关关系correlation阈限值threshold limit value(TLV)高危人群population at high risk易感人群susceptible population环境管理学环境管理学environmental management science环境伦理学environmental ethics环境质量管理management of environmental quality环境适宜度environmental suitability环境区划environmental zoning环境预测environmental forecasting环境质量评价environmental quality evaluation环境影响评价environmental impact assessment环境规划environmental planning环境决策分析environmental decision analysis 总量控制total discharge control of pollutant 浓度控制concentration control排污收费effluent charge排污申报登记declaration and registration of pollutant discharge排污许可证permit for pollutant discharge生物安全biosafety环境监察environmental supervision and management环境宣传教育environmental propaganda and education环境意识environmental consciousness 环境质量报告书report on environmental quality环境影响评价报告书report on environmental impact assessment公众意见听证会public hearing循环经济cyclic economy预防为主、防治结合、综合治理原则principle of giving priority to pollution prevention, combining prevention and control, and integrated control全面现划、合理布局原则principle of overall planning and rational layout谁污染谁治理polluter-treats综合利用、化害为利原则principle of comprehensive utilization and turning harm into good谁开发谁保护explorer-protects协调发展原则principle of coordinated development国家环境保护模范城市national environmental protection model city全国生态示范区national ecological demonstration area环境信息environmental information环境管理信息系统information system for environmental management环境专家系统environmental expert system 环境监测environment monitoring环境标志environmental label 清洁生产cleaner production环境审计environmental audit产品生命周期life cycle of product环境法学环境法学science of environmental law环境保护法environmental protection law公害法public nuisance law环境行政法规administrative regulations of environment环境部门规章departmental rules of environment污染物排放标准pollutant discharge standard “三同时”制度three simultaneity system排污审报登记制度declaration and registration system of pollution discharge排污许可证制度permit system of pollutant discharge排污收费制度system of effluent限期治理制度system of eliminating and controlling environmental pollution within a prescribed time现场检查制度system of on-site inspection环境污染事故报告制度system of environmental pollution accident reporting 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》Environmental Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of water pollution《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of atmospheric pollution《中华人民共和国环境噪声污染防治法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of pollution from environmental noise《中华人民共和国固体废物污染环境法》law of the People’s Republic of China on prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》marine environment protection law of the People’s Republic of China《全国生态环境建设规划》national eco-environmental construction plan《全国生态环境保护纲要》national compendium on eco-environmental protection 地表水环境质量标准environmental quality standard for surface water地下水质量标准quality standard for ground water农业灌溉水质标准standard for irrigation water quality污水综合排放标准integrated wastewater discharge standard大气污染物综合排放标准integrated emission standard of air pollutants环境经济学循环经济模式circular economy type牧童经济the shepherd economy3R原则the rules of 3R(reducing, reusing, recycling)生态经济学eco-economics共有资源common resources外部经济性external economics外部不经济性external diseconomics外部成本external cost边际效用marginal utility边际收益marginal benefit粗放经营extensive management集约经营intensive management自然资本natural capital公平equity代际补偿compensation between generations绿色国民帐户green national account可持续发展sustainable development公共物品public goods环境保护贸易政策trade policy for environmental protection绿色壁垒green tariff barrier国民生产总值gross national production(GNP) 国民生产净值net national production(NNP)11国民收入national income环境污染弹性系数environmental pollution elasticity回收率reuse rate物质平衡material balance物料衡算material balance counting影子价格shadow price现行价格present price贴现discount机会成本opportunity cost运行费用operation cost城市气化率urban population ratio of used gas 城市绿化覆盖率urban green cover ratio环境效益environmental benefit成本效益分析cost and benefit analysis环境费用environmental cost排污权交易marketable pollution permits生态足迹the ecological footprint环境税environmental tax资源资产assets of resource资源产权property right of resource最低安全标准minimum standard of security 代际公平equality between generation末端控制terminal control 公地的悲剧tragedy of the public pasture中间产品intermediate product最终产品final product直接污染物产生/排放系数direct pollutant generation/discharge coefficient累积污染物产生/排放系数cumulate pollutant generation/discharge coefficient排污收费charge from discharge pollutant污染者负担原则polluter pay principle资源税resource tax人口出生率population birth rate人口死亡率population mortality rate人口自然增长率population nature growth rate人口计划生育率population planning fertility rate平均寿命average life人口年龄金字塔population age pyramid人口老化population aging人口过剩over-population人口爆炸population explosion计划生育family planning人口统计population statistics人口普查population census环境教育环境教育目标objectives of environmental education多学科环境教育课程模式multi-disciplinary model of environmental education 跨学科环境教育模式inter-disciplinary model of environmental education中学环境教育大纲environmental education standard for secondary school环境教育活动的设计design of environmental education activity野外环境教育基地environmental education field base公众参与public participation环境意识environmental awareness中国中小学绿色教育行动environmental educators initiative of china12。
环境工程专业英语词汇
专业术语：environmental science环境科学environmental engineering环境工程waste reduction废物减量化air pollution control大气污染控制wastewater treatment污水处理solid waste treatment and disposal固体废物处理与处置soil erosion水土流失thermal pollution热污染biological communities生物群落ecosystem生态系统green science and technology绿色科技和技术primary pollutant:一次污染物secondary pollutant:二次污染物carbon dioxide:二氧化碳methane:甲烷fossil fuel:化石（矿物）燃料power plant:电厂hydroelectric power:水力发电clean energy:清洁能源renewable energy:可再生能源automobile exhaust(emission):汽车尾气greenhouse effect(gas):温室效应（气体）air pollution control engineering:大气污染控制工程cyclone:旋风除尘器pressure drop:压力损失，压力降baghouse:袋式除尘器operating temperature:操作温度spray tower:喷淋塔sanitary landfill:卫生填埋municipal wastewater=sewage=domestic sewage=sanitary sewage:市政污水，生活污水point source:点源non-point source:非点源（面源）pretreatment:预处理primary treatment:初（一）级处理secondary treatment:二级处理tertiary or advanced treatment:三级处理，深度处理trickling filter:滴滤池activated sludge:活性污泥bar rack or screen:格栅grit chamber:沉砂池equalization tank:调节池primary settling tank:初沉池secondary settling tank:二沉池sustainable development:可持续发展recycling economy:循环经济the sources and sinks of pollutants:污染物的源与汇aeration tank:曝气池aerator:曝气池，曝气器sedimentation tank:沉淀池disinfection:消毒eutrophication:富营养化oxidation ditch:氧化沟aerobic decomposition好氧分解anoxic decomposition缺氧分解anaerobic decomposition厌氧分解hydraulic retention time:（水力）停留时间flue gas:烟气biodegradable:可生物降解的refractory:难降解的（常用）nondegradable:不可降解的acoustical material:声学材料soil conditioner:土壤改良剂extreme temperature:极端温度environmental quality:环境质量Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water地表水环境质量标准Ambient Air Quality Standards环境空气质量标准Environmental Quality Standards for Noise声环境质量标准缩略词：EIA:Environmental Impact Assessment,环境影响评价SS：Suspended Solid悬浮物BOD：Biochemical Oxygen Demand生化需氧量COD:Chemical Oxygen Demand化学需氧量TOC:Total Organic Carbon总有机碳WWTP:Wastewater Treatment Plant污水处理厂SBR:Sequencing Batch Reactor序批式反应池RBC:Rotating Biological Contactor生物转盘SRT:Sludge Retention Time污泥龄（污泥停留时间）EPA:Environmental Protection Agency环境保护署ISO:International Standardization Organization国际标准化组织EMS:Environmental Management System环境管理系统RS:Remote Sensing遥感GPS:Global Positioning System全球定位系统GIS:Geographic Information System地理信息系统TSP:Total Suspended Particulates总悬浮颗粒物欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。
环境工程专业英语部分词汇
专业英语环境：environment 环境工程：environmental engineering环境保护：environmental protection 环境意识：environmental consciousness/awareness 环境问题：environmental issue/problem 环境效应：environmental effect环境污染：environmental pollution 环境要素：environmental elements环境因子：environmental factors 环境化学：environmental chemistry环境生态学：environmental ecology 环境质量：environmental quality环境自净作用：environmental self-purification生物圈：biosphere 生态学：ecology生态系统：ecosystem 生态平衡：ecological balance生态破坏：ecological disruption生物群落：biocoenosis猎食者：predator 食物链：food chain被猎食者：prey 营养级：trophic level物质循环：circulation of materials信息反馈：message feedback能量传递：energy tra fer物质不灭定律：law of conservation of matter能量守恒定律：law of conservation of energy物料平衡定律：Mass balance law水环境：watershed 水体：water body流域：watershed 水质：water quality水资源：water resources 供水：water supply废水：waste water 水处理：water treatment物理性水质指标：physical indicate of water quality 水污染物：water pollutant生物性水质指标：Biological indicate of water quality 水质标准：water quality standard化学性水质指标：Chemical indicate of water qualityDS：dissolved solids BOD：biochemical oxygen demand TDS：total dissolved solids COD：chemical oxygen demand TSS：total suspended solids DO：dissolved oxygenTOC：total organic carbon PH值：TN：TP：Zn：zinc Cu：CopperAs：arsenic Cd：CadmiumCr：chromium Ni：NickelHg：mercury Pb：plumbum物理处理：physical treatment 过滤：screening生物处理：biological treatment 沉淀：sedimentation化学处理：chemical treatment 气浮：flotation物理化学处理：physical-chemical treatment蒸发：evaporation稀释：thinning扩散：dispersion 吹脱：blowing好氧处理：aerobic treatment 生物膜法：biomembrance process厌氧处理：anaerobic treatment 生物滤池：trickling filters活性污泥法：activated sludge process 生物接触氧化：contact oxidation SBR：UASB（流式厌氧污泥床）：upflow anaerobic sludge blanket活性污泥：activated sludge 改进型：modification一级处理：primary treatment二级处理：secondary treatment三级处理：tertiary treatment高级氧化处理：advanced treatment生活污水：domestic sewage生产废水：industrial wastewater城市生活污水：Urban sewage电镀废水：metalplating plants印染废水：pulp and paper industries wastewater浊度：turbidity硬度：hardness水质净化：water purification混凝沉淀：Precipitation and coagulation活性炭吸附：activated carbon adsorption隔油池：Oil separetion中和池：Neutralization调节池：Equalization生物反应池：biological reaction tank加药设备：physical equipment沉淀池：Sedimentation初沉池：primary Sedimentation二沉池：secondary Sedimentation絮凝剂：flocculant混凝剂：coagulant生物降解：biodegradation生物累积：biologicalaccumulation大气环境：airshed 气体净化：gas purification对流层：troposphere 摩擦层：frictional layer？平流层：stratosphere 中间层：mesosphere热层：thermosphere 臭氧层：ozonosphere粉尘：dust 气溶胶：aerocolloid烟雾：smoke 降尘：dustfall飘尘：floating dust可吸入颗粒物：Inhalable Particles能见度：visibility酸雨：acid rain一次污染物：primary pollutant二次污染物：secondary pollutant氮氧化物：nitriogen oxides 硫氧化物：sulfur oxides硫化氢：hydrogen sulfide 碳氧化物：carbon oxides硝酸：nitric acid 盐酸：chlorhydric acid硫酸：sulfuric acid 二氧化硫：sulfur dioxide除尘工艺：dedusting process吸收：absorption吸附：adsorptionGAC（颗粒活性炭）：granular a c tivated carbonPAC（粉末活性炭）：powdered a c tivated carbonACF（活性炭纤维）：a c tivated carbon fiber静电除尘：electrostatic cleaning重力除尘：gravitational settling臭氧：ozone光化学烟雾：photochemical smog喷淋（洗涤）：scavenging凝聚：flocculation植物吸收：Phytoaccumulation植物吸附：Plant adsorption生物降解：biodegradation土壤：soil 热污染：temperature change/thermal pollution 噪声：noise 放射性：radioactivity光辐射：ray radiation光合成：photosynthesis易燃性：ignitability易爆性：explosion hazard反应性：reactivity传染性：infectivity腐蚀性：corrosivityEIA：CAD（计算机辅助设计）：computer aided design大气污染控制工程：air pollution control水污染控制工程：water pollution control固体废物污染控制工程：solid waste management污染物：pollutant污染源：pollution source同化作用：assimilation 固体废物：solid wastes消纳作用：危险废物：hazardous wastes城市生活垃圾：municipal wastes化学污泥：chemical sludge生物污泥：biological sludge工业固废：industrial wastes 分选处理：separation treatment矿业固废:mining wastes 破碎处理：cracking treatment农业固废：Agricultural wastes 压实处理：redustion in volume污泥脱水：disposal of the sludge ？污泥浓缩：sludge concentration带式压滤：pressure离心脱水：whirling筛分：fractionating堆肥和堆肥化：compost and composting沼气和沼气化：gas and gasing热解与焚烧：Pyrolysis and incineration生物转化作用：Biological transformation function热化学转化作用：thermo-chemical ?固化和稳定化作用：solidification and stabilization资源化：reclamation减量化：reducing quantity无害化：harmless固体废物全过程控制：solid waste integrated control固体废物污染控制：Solid waste pollution control固体废物处理：solid waste treatment处置：treatment物质回收：materials recovery 物质转化：material conversion能量回收：energy recovery 能量转化：energy conversion1.Environmental engineering has been defined as the branch of engineering that is concernedwith protecting the environment from the potential, deleterious effects of human activity, protecting human populations from the effects of adverse environmental factors, and improving environmental quality for human health and well-being.（2页）环境工程学是环境工程的分支学科，其研究内容包括①保护环境免受人类活动改造形成的潜在和不利影响②保护人类免受不利环境因素的影响③持续改善环境质量，以造福于人类健康与福祉。
(完整)环境工程专业英语词汇表
(完整)环境工程专业英语词汇表APPENDIXSelected English Words and Expressions for Environmental SubjectAabacterial 无菌的abatement 减少，减小,取消，消除abnormal blooming of plankton 浮游生物异常繁殖absolute alcohol 无水酒精absolute temperature 绝对温度absorb 吸收absorbent 吸收剂；吸收性的absorption 吸收abundant precipitation 过量降水abysmal deposit 深海沉积物accelerator 加速澄清池，机械澄清池，加速器access 接近，（出）入口，使用或接近的方法、机会或门路，捷径accessory 附件，附属品accidental error 偶然误差acclimate 服水土，适应环境，适应气候acclimatization 驯化，（对环境条件的）适应accommodate 使适应,调节，接纳，容纳，供应，提供acetic acid 醋酸acetone 丙酮acetylene 乙炔acid fog 酸雾acidify 酸化（作用)acidity 酸度,酸性acid-proof material 耐酸材料acoustic construction 隔声构造acoustic fatigue 声致疲劳acquisition 获得，取得，采集acrid 辛辣的，腐蚀性的act 法规，法案,条例，行为，动作activated biofilter 活性生物滤池activated carbon 活性碳activated silica 活性硅土activated sludge 活性污泥activation 活化,激活active chlorine 活性氯activity 活性，活度，放射性，功率adaptable species 适应性强的物种adaptation 适应，匹配，采用，改编（本），修改，适应性,适应力additive 附加物，添加剂;加成的adherence 粘附adhesion 粘附力adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却adjustment 调节，调准，控制，安装admixture 掺合物，杂质adsorbate 被吸附物，吸附质adsorbent 吸附剂;吸附的adsorber 吸附器，吸附剂adsorption isotherm 吸附等温线advanced treatment 高级处理,深度处理aerated contact bed （submerged contact aerator) 曝气接触床（淹没式接触曝气池）aerated lagoon 曝气氧化渠aerated spiral—flow grit channel 曝气螺旋流沉砂槽aeration 曝气aeration blower 曝气鼓风机aerobic 好氧的,好气的，需氧的,有氧的aerobic biological treatment process 好氧生物处理法,需氧生物处理法aerobic decomposition 好氧分解，需氧分解aerosol 气溶胶(完整)环境工程专业英语词汇表aesthetically 从审美角度看affinity 亲和力，亲和势affluent 支流afforestation 造林（计划），绿化after burner 火舌燃烧炉，后燃烧装置，补燃器agar 琼脂agglomerate 使聚集，使成团aggressive pathogen 侵袭性病原体air compressor 空压机,压气机air conditioner 空调器air gauge 气压计air hammer 气压锤air header 空气干管air inflow 进气量air intake 进气孔air mass 气团air polluntant emission inventory 空气污染物排放清单air pollution surveillance 空气污染监视air release valve 放气阀，释压阀air relief installation 排气设备air sparger 曝气器air stripping 气提airborne 空气中的，空降的,空运的airborne pathongenic organism 空气致病生物体air—lift pump 空气升水泵,气提泵airview 鸟瞰,鸟瞰图alcohol 乙醇,酒精aldehyde 醛algae 藻类algal bloom 水藻繁盛alignment 成直线,调准，准线,直线性，结盟，联合alkali consumption 碱消耗（量) alkali earth 碱土alkaline 碱性的alkalinity 碱度alkalization 碱化alkyl benzene sulfonate (ABS）烷基苯磺酸盐alluvial deposit 冲积物，冲积层alum 矾，明矾aluminate 铝酸盐aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient noise 环境噪声amine 胺amino acid 氨基酸ammonia nitrogen 氨氮ammonia stripping 氨的气提，气提法除氨ammonification 氨化作用，加氨ammonium 铵amphoteric ion exchange resin 两性离子交换树脂anabolism 合成代谢，组成代谢anaerobic 厌氧的，厌气的，无溶解氧的anaerobic—anoxic—oxic process厌氧-缺氧-好氧法analysis of variance 方差分析analytical balance 分析天平anemometer 风力计,风速计anemoscope 风向仪anhydrous 无水的animal community 动物群落anion 阴离子，负离子anionic surface active agent 阴离子表面活性剂annual depreciation 年折旧annual precipitation 年降水量anode 阳极,正极anodize 阳极氧化,阳极处理anoxic 缺氧的antagonism 对抗（作用)，拮抗（作用）antibiotics 抗菌素，抗生素antifreezing agent 防冻剂aperture 孔径，隙缝，小孔apparatus 仪器，装置apparent activation energy 表观活(完整)环境工程专业英语词汇表化能appreciable 明显的，相当可观的appurtenance (常用pl。
环境工程专业英语词汇
环境工程专业英语词汇AAQS 环境空气质量标准AARS 机载观测资料自动发送系统abatement 减低; 降低; 减少abiotic 无生命的; 非生物的ABL 大气边界层abrasive 磨料; 磨蚀剂; 有磨蚀作用的absorber (of long-wave radiation) 长波辐射吸收剂absorber vessel 吸收器; 吸收装置absorbing ability 吸收能力absorption 吸收作用absorptive complex 吸收性复合体abundance 丰度ACCAD 世界气候应用及资料计划咨询委员会acceptable daily intake 容许日摄入量acceptance test 验收试验accident management 事故管理accidental spill 事故性溢漏acetate moiety 乙酸根; 乙酸基acetylene dichloride 对称二氯乙烯acid fallout 酸性沈降物acid fog 酸雾acid mist 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acid sulphate soils 酸性硫酸盐土; 热带沼泽林土acid(ic)deposit(ion) 酸性沈积物acid(ic) precipitation 酸性降水acid(ic) snow 酸雪acid-affected 受酸影响的; 受酸危害的acid-causing substance 致酸物质acid-forming substance 成酸物质acidifying substance 酸化物质acidogenic bactria 产酸细菌acid-producing bacteria 产酸细菌ACMAD 非洲气象学应用促进发展中心acrylonitrile vapour 丙烯腈蒸气action area 行动区域; 预定自然保护区action level 触发行动水平; 行动阈值Action Plan for the Biosphere Reserves 生物圈保护区行动计划Action Plan for the Programme of Studies 气候对人类影响研究计划的行动计划Action Plan for the Protection of the Atmosphere 保护大气行动计划环境工程action spectrum 作用光谱activated carbon 活性炭activated sludge 活性污泥activation of a response plan 实行应急计划active 活性的active solar energy system 现用的太阳能系统acyclic 无环的acyl nitrite 亚硝酸酰基酯acyl radical 酰基Ad Hoc Group of Legal Experts on Dumping 倾弃问题特设法律专家组add-on hardware 添加硬件add-on technology 增添技术ADI 容许日摄入量adiabatic process 绝热过程administrative charges 管理费ADR 欧洲危险货物国际公路运输协定adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adverse climate change 不利的气候变化adverse effect 不利效应; 不利影响adverse environment effect 对环境不利的影响adverse health effect 对健康不利的影响adverse impact 不利影响Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会（海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会（海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases 致温室效应气体问题咨询小组aeronautical climatology 航空气候学Aeronautical Meteorology Programme 航空气象学计划aerosol 气溶胶; 烟雾体aerosol (spray-)can 喷雾罐; 气溶胶喷罐aerosol dispenser 气溶胶喷罐; 气溶胶发生器aerosol load 气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量AFBC 常压流化床燃烧AFC 区域预报中心afforestation 造林; 绿化aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲部长级环境会议African NGO Environment Network 非洲非政府组织环境网after-care of disposal sites 垃圾堆置场的使用后管理aftershock 余震AGCM 大气环流模型Agricultural Meteorology Programme 农业气象学计划环境工程agrochemicals 农用化学品agroclimatic 农业气候的agroclimatological zoning 农业气候分区agrometeorology 农业气象学A-horizon 淋溶层; A层air barrier 气障; 气泡阻挡层; 气泡屏蔽air chemistry 大气化学air column 气柱air current 气流air injection system 空气喷射系统air intrusion 气流侵袭air mass 气团air monitoring 大气监测air parcel 气块air pollutant 空气污染物air pollution 空气污染air pollution control 空气污染控制air pollution load 空气污染物浓度; 空气污染物含量air shed 大气补给分界线air shower 大气中宇宙线的簇射air surveillance 空气污染监视airborne contaminant 气载污染物airborne emissions 空气中的排放物airborne fraction of carbon 空气中的碳化合物馏分airborne particulates 空气中的悬浮微粒; 气载微粒airborne pollutant concentration 气载污染物浓度如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http;//airborne pollution 大气污染; 空气污染airborne system 机载系统airborne transport 大气输运aircraft(-based) observations 机上观测airflow 气流air-fuel ratio 空气燃油比air-sea boundary layer 大气海洋边界层; 海-气边界层air-sea interaction 大气海洋相互作用; 海-气相互作用air-sea interface 大气海洋界面; 海-气界面albedo 反照率; 反射率albedo radiation 反照辐射algae control 藻类控制algal bloom 水华; 藻华; 藻类大量繁殖alicyclic 脂环族的aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alkadiene 链二烯环境工程alkali metal 碱金属alkaline-earth metal 碱土金属alkalinization 碱化; 碱化作用alkane 烷; 链烷烃alkene 烯; 链烯烃alkyd resins 醇酸树脂alkyl aluminium halide 卤化烷基铝alkyl nitrate 硝酸烷基酯alkyl nitrite 亚硝酸烷基酯alkylphosphonothio dihalide 烷基硫代膦酰二卤alkyne 炔; 链炔烃alleviating measures 缓和措施; 减轻措施allowable daily intake 容许日摄入量alluvial deposit 冲积物; 冲积层alluviation 冲积; 冲积作用allyl chlorocarbonate 氯甲酸烯丙酯alterant 备用方案alternative development 可选择的发展alternative fuel 代用燃料alternative technology 可选择的技术altitude distribution 高度分布; 垂直方向分布ambient air 环境大气; 环境空气ambient air monitor 环境空气监测ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient quality standard 环境质量标准ambient standard 环境标准AMCEN 非洲部长级环境会议amenities of the countryside 乡村的舒适amenity rights 舒适环境的权利; 舒适权amine ring 氨基环ammonia (NH3) 氨ammonia solution (NH4OH) 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵; 氨水ammonia water 氨水; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵ammonium hydrogen sulphite (__) 亚硫酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵; 氨溶液; 氨水ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4) 硫酸铵ammonium superphosphate 过磷酸铵ammonolysis 氨解作用ammoxidation 氨解氧化作用; 氨氧化反应作用amplification factor 放大因子anaerobic conditions 缺氧情况ANEN 非洲非政府组织环境网animal density 动物密度anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂环境工程anomalous fluctuations 反常起伏; 反常波动anomaly 反常; 异常Antarctic Circle 南极圈Antarctic ozone hole 南极臭氧层空洞Antarctic springtime ozone depletion 南极春季臭氧消耗Antarctic stratospheric circumpolar vortex 南极平流层环极涡旋anthropogenic 源于人类活动的; 人为的anticipatory environmental action 防患未然的环保行动anti-desertification programme 防止沙漠化计划antioxidant 抗氧化剂; 防老化剂anti-trade 反信风APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备appliance labelling 电器用品贴上标签如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http;//Applications of Meteorology Programme 气象学应用计划applied cloud physics 应用云物理学approved facility (处理危险或其他废物的)合格设施aqua ammonia 氨水; 氢氧化氨; 氨溶液aquatic acidification 水的酸化aquatic biota 水生生物区系; 水生生物群aquatic food web 水生食物链; 水生食物网Arctic Cercle 北极圈Arctic ozone hole 北极臭氧层空洞area (emission) source 区域污染源Area Forcast System (AFS) 区域预报系统area meteorological watch 区域气象监视area of environmental stress 环境受到威胁地区area pollution 区域污染aromatic 芳族的; 芳香的; 芳香剂artificial structure 人工建筑物; 人工结构ASAP 自动化船载高空探测计划ascending chromatography 上行色谱法ASP 过磷酸铵assessment panel 评估小组Atlas mooring 阿特拉斯式系泊装置atmosphere-ocean-land-ice system 大气-海洋-陆地-冰雪体系; 气海陆冰体系atmospheric absorption 大气吸收atmospheric abundance(s) 例如二氧化碳在大气中的丰度; 成分atmospheric acidity 大气酸度atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) 大气边界层atmospheric change 大气变化atmospheric chemist 大气化学家环境工程atmospheric chemistry 大气化学atmospheric chlorine 大气氯atmospheric chlorine build-up 大气氯累积; 大气氯蓄积atmospheric circulation pattern 大气环流模式atmospheric climate 大气气候atmospheric column 大气气柱atmospheric composition 大气成分atmospheric constituent 大气组分; 大气组元atmospheric deposition 排入大气atmospheric disturbance 大气扰动atmospheric dynamics 大气动力学atmospheric environment 大气环境atmospheric fallout 大气沈降物atmospheric flow pattern 大气气流模式atmospheric fluidized bed combustion 常压流化床燃烧atmospheric forcing 大气外力作用atmospheric free radical 大气游离基Atmospheric General Circulation Model 大气环流模型atmospheric input (of pollutants) 污染物的排入大气atmospheric inversion 大气逆变; 大气逆温atmospheric layer 大气层atmospheric life (of a substance) 一种物质在大气中存在的时间atmospheric loading (of e.g. chlorine) 例如氯在大气中的浓度; 含量; 负荷atmospheric microphysics 大气微观物理学atmospheric model 大气模型atmospheric modeller 大气模型家atmospheric movements (of e.g. nitrogen oxides) 例如氧化氮在大气中的移动atmospheric ozone 大气臭氧atmospheric ozone column 大气臭氧气柱atmospheric physicist 大气物理学家atmospheric pollution network 大气污染监视网atmospheric radical 大气游离基atmospheric recovery time 大气复原时间atmospheric region 大气层Atmospheric Research and Remote Sensing Plane 大气研究和遥感研究专机atmospheric researcher 大气研究者atmospheric residence time 在大气中停留时间atmospheric sciences 大气科学atmospheric scientist 大气科学家atmospheric shell 大气层atmospheric sounder 大气探测器atmospheric transfer 大气输运atmospheric transformation product 使大气变性的产物atmospheric transport 大气输运环境工程atmospheric transport-chemistry model 大气输运和化学反应模型atmospheric turbidity 大气浑浊度atmospherics detection station 天电检测站auctionable emission rights 可拍卖的排放权利austral spring 南半球春季austral winter 南半球冬季Automated Shipboard Aerological Programme 自动化船载高空探测计划Automatic Aircraft Reporting System 机载观测资料自动发送系统automative air conditioning 汽车空调; 汽车空气调节autophyte 自养植物autotroph 自养生物autotrophic 自养的autotrophy 自养available (chlorine, oxygen, etc.) 有效氯，氧等average total amount of ozone 臭氧平均总量average total ozone 臭氧平均总量awarwness-building 建立意识azeotrope 共沸混合物B2O5 N2O5; 五氧化二氮(一般不译)Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network 气象组织本底空气污染监测网Background Air Pollution Monitoring Network (BAPMoN) 本底空气污染监测网background atmosphere composition network 本底大气成分监测网background concentration 本底污染浓度background measurement 本底测量background monitoring station 本底监测站background ozone 本底臭氧backgroung (ambient air) pollution 本底污染backscattered radiation 后向散射的辐射backscattered ultraviolet radiation (BUV radiation) 后向散射的紫外辐射backscattering 后向散射back-up 支持; 支持物; 备分BACT 可得的最佳控制污染技术bag house 袋滤室balance 平衡balance line system 平衡管道系统balance of nature 自然生态平衡balance vapour recovery system 平衡管道蒸气回收系统balancing line system 平衡管道系统balks 未耕地balloon ozone sounding 气球臭氧探测balloon-borne instrument 气球运载仪器; 球载仪器Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission 波罗的海海洋环境保护委员会ban 禁止使用BAPMoN 本底空气污染监测网环境工程BAPMoN site 本底空气污染监测网站basal layer of epidermis 表皮基层base cations 碱阳离子base metal 贱金属baseline case 基线案例baseline data 基线数据baseline observing station [GAW] 基线观测站basic active 碱活性basic metal 碱性金属basic obligations 基本义务basic reaction 碱性反应basic solution 碱性溶液basin 流域; 盆地bearing capacity 承载能力bedrock 基岩behaviour of ozone 臭氧特性belt skimmer 带式撇油器benthic 底栖的; 海底的benthos 底栖生物; 水底生物Bergen Conference 卑尔根会议Bern Convention 伯尔尼公约best available control technology (BACT) 可得的最佳控制污染技术best practicable means 最可行的方法best practicable technology 最可行的技术BFCs 溴氟碳化合物B-horizon 淀积层; B层biennial oscillation 两年振荡bio(-)indicator 对环境有指示作用的生物指示品种bioaccumulation 生物累积bioassay 生物测定; 活体检定biocenose 生物群落biocenosis 生物群落biochemical action 生化作用; 生物化学作用biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 生化需氧量bioclimatic changes 生物气候变化bioclimatology 生物气候学biocoenose 生物群落bio-data 生物数据biodegradation rate 生物降解速率biodiversity 生物多样性biofilter 生物过滤器; 生物滤池biogenic chlorine 源于生物的氯; 生物产生的氯biogenic gas 源于生物的气体biogeochemical cycle 生物地球化学循环环境工程biological action 生物作用biological action spectrum 生物作用光谱biological amplification factor 生物放大因数biological assay 生物鉴定; 生物测定; 活体检定biological balance 生物平衡biological control 生物控制biological cycle 生物循环; 生物周期biological energy conversion 生物能量转换biological exposure indicator 生物性曝露指示装置biological half-life 生物半衰期biological indicator species 对环境有指示作用的生物指示品种biological magnification factor 生物放大因数biological oxygen demand 生物需氧量biological treatment (BT) 生物处理biologically active ultraviolet radiation 具有生物活性的紫外辐射biologically effective ultraviolet radiation 具有生物效应的紫外辐射biomagnification 生物富集biome 生物群落biomonitoring 生物监测biosafety 生物技术安全biosphere reserve 生物圈保护区biospheric balance 生物圈平衡biota 生物区系; 生物相; 区域生物群biotechnological safety 生物技术安全biotechnology 生物技术; 生物工艺学biotic control 生物控制biotope 群落生境; 生活小区biphenyl 联苯biradical 二基团的bitrate radical 硝酸根bloom 大量繁殖blowing agent 发泡剂BOD 生化需氧量BOD strength 生化需氧量大小BOD(x) _的生化需氧量body of water 水体body tissue 体组织Bonn Convention 波恩公约border effect 边行效应; 边行影响boron (B) 硼bottom-living fish 底栖鱼类bound nitrogen 固氮boundary layer 边界层bowl 盆地; 区域环境工程Br 溴; (一般不译)breakdown 分解breeding ground 繁殖区; 产卵区Brewer instrument 布鲁尔检测仪Brewer-Mast electrochemical sonde 布鲁尔-马斯特电化学探空仪bridge technology 过渡性技术bromic ether 溴代乙烷; 乙基溴bromide 溴化; 溴化物brominated species 含溴产品bromination 溴化作用; 溴化处理bromine(-containing) substance 含溴物质bromochlorodifluoromethane 二氟氯溴甲烷bromoethane 溴乙烷; 乙基溴bromofluorocarbons (BFCs) 溴氟碳化合物bromoform (CHBr3) 溴仿; 三溴甲烷bromomethane 溴甲烷; 甲基溴bromotrifluoromethane (CBrF3) 三氟溴甲烷brown coal 褐煤Brundtland Report 布伦特兰报告bubble concept 气泡概念bubble tower 鼓泡塔bubbler 起泡器bubbling 起泡; 冒泡; 鼓泡bubbling fluidized bed combustion 沸腾式流化床燃烧budget 预算; 平衡; 收支buffer solution 缓冲溶液buffer(ing) capacity 缓冲能力; 缓冲容量building climatology 建筑气候学build-up (of pollutants) 污染物的累积; 积累bulk deposition 大量堆积; 大量沈积buoy boat 航标敷设艇burnt lime 煅石灰; 氧化钙; 生石灰bush fire 灌丛火灾; 灌木林火BUV radiation 后向散射的紫外辐射C2Cl2F4 四氟二氯乙烷C2Cl3F3 三氟三氯乙烷C2Cl4F2 四氯二氟乙烷C2Cl6 六氯乙烷C2ClF5 五氟氯乙烷环境工程C2H3Cl3 C2H3Cl3 三氯乙烷C2H4F2 C2H4F2 (1,1-二氟乙烷C2H4O2 C2H4O2 甲酸甲酯C2H5Br C2H5Br 乙基溴C2H5Cl C2H5Cl 乙基氯C2HCl5 C2HCl5 五氯乙烷C4F8 C4F8 八氟环丁烷C4H4O C4H4O 呋喃C5H10 C5H10 戊烯Cadmium pollution 镉污染Cairo Guidelines and Principles 关于危险废物的环境无害管理开罗准则和原则calibrated fluxes 校准流量; 校准通量calibration 校准Campaign for the Conservation of the Water's Edge 保护河海边缘运动Canadian Environmental Protection Act 加拿大环境保护法canopy 林冠; 树冠canopy density 林冠郁闭度canopy manipulation 林冠修整; 林冠控制can-type precipitation gauge 罐式雨量计cap (on production, consumption) 生产或消费限额; 限度carbide 碳化; 碳化物; 碳化钙carbon canister 活性碳罐carbon cycle 碳循环carbon dioxide (CO2) 二氧化碳carbon dioxide ice 固态二氧化碳carbon disulphide 二硫化碳carbon families 碳族化合物carbon hexachloride 六氯乙烷carbon material 碳材料carbon monoxide (CO) 一氧化碳carbon oxygen sulphide (COS) 氧硫化碳; 碳酰硫carbon oxysulphide 氧硫化碳carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) 四氯化碳carbon tetrafluoride 四氟化碳carbonic acid (H2CO3) 碳酸carbonic acid gas 碳酸气; 二氧化碳carbonic oxide 一氧化碳carbonyl sulphide 氧硫化碳; 碳酰硫carrying capacity 容纳量; 装载量; 负荷量; 负担能力CAS 化学文摘社; 大气科学委员会cascade impactor 阶式碰撞采样器cascade shower 级联簇射catalysis 催化作用catalyst 催化剂环境工程catalyst-equipped passenger car 装有催化净化废气系统的小客车catalytic chain 催化循环catalytic converter 催化转化器catalytic cycle 催化循环catalytic exhaust system 排气催化系统catalytic ozone destruction cycle 臭氧的催化分解循环catchment 汇水; 集水cation exchange capacity 阳离子交换能力cation exchanger 阳离子交换剂; 阳离子交换器CBrF3 三氟溴甲烷CCCO 气候变化与海洋委员会CCl2F2 二氟二氯甲烷CCl2FCCl2F 对称四氯二氟乙烷CCl3CHCl2 五氯乙烷CCl3F 三氯氟甲烷CCl4 四氯化碳，四氯甲烷CClF2CClF2 对称四氟二氯乙烷CClF2CF3 五氟氯乙烷CClF3 三氟氯甲烷ceiling value 最高值; 最高额cell line 细胞株; 细胞系cell methode 分格法cellular plastic 泡沫塑料__ 南美地震学区域中心certification requirements 获得许可的必要条件资格CF2ClCCl2H CF2ClCCl2H (1,1,2-三氯-2,2-二氟乙烷CF3CF3 CF3CF3 六氟乙烷CF4 CF4 四氟甲烷，四氟化碳CFC 氯氟碳化合物; 含氯氟烃CFC 10 CFC 10 四氯化碳，四氯甲烷CFC 11 CFC 11 三氯氟甲烷CFC 110 CFC 110 六氯乙烷CFC 112 CFC 112 四氯二氟乙烷CFC 113 CFC 113 三氟三氯乙烷CFC 114 CFC 114 四氟二氯乙烷CFC 115 CFC 115 五氟氯乙烷CFC 116 CFC 116 六氟乙烷CFC 12 CFC 12 二氟二氯甲烷CFC 120 CFC 120 五氯乙烷CFC 122 CFC 122 三氯二氟乙烷CFC 13 CFC 13 三氟氯甲烷CFC 13B1 CFC 13B1 三氟溴甲烷CFC 14 CFC 14 四氟甲烷CFC 140a CFC 140a (1,1,1-三氯乙烷环境工程CFC 142b CFC 142b (1,1-二氟-1-氯乙烷CFC 152a CFC 152a (1,1-二氟乙烷CFC 160 CFC 160 乙基氯CFC 160B CFC 160B 乙基溴CFC 20 CFC 20 三溴甲烷CFC 21 CFC 21 二氯氟甲烷CFC 22 CFC 22 二氟氯甲烷CFC 23 CFC 23 三氟甲烷CFC 32 CFC 32 二氟甲烷CFC 40 CFC 40 甲基氯CFC 40 B CFC 40 B 甲基溴CFC 500 CFC 500 (500制冷剂CFC 502 CFC 502 (502制冷剂CFC 503 CFC 503 (503制冷剂CFC 504 CFC 504 (504制冷剂CFC 611 CFC 611 甲酸甲酯CFC C318 CFC C318 八氟环丁烷CFC refrigerant 氯氟碳化合物制冷剂CFC refrigeration fluid 氯氟碳化合物制冷液CFC release rate 氯氟碳化合物的排放速度CFM 氟氯甲烷CH2=CHCl CH2=CHCl 氯乙烯CH2Cl2 CH2Cl2 二氯甲烷CH2ClCH2Cl CH2ClCH2Cl 对称二氯乙烷CH2F2 CH2F2 二氟甲烷CH3Br CH3Br 甲基溴CH3CCl3 CH3CCl3 (1,1,1-三氯乙烷CH3CClF2 CH3CClF2 (1,1-二氟-1-氯乙烷CH3CH(Cl)CH2Cl CH3CH(Cl)CH2Cl (1,2-二氯丙烷__r __r 乙基溴__HCl2 __HCl2 (1,1-二氯丙烷CH3CHCl2 CH3CHCl2 (1,1-二氯乙烷__ __ (1,1-二氟乙烷CH3Cl CH3Cl 甲基氯CH4 CH4 甲烷change in consumer attitudes 消费者态度的变化change in weather pattern 天气模式的变化; 天气型的变化changes of acitity 酸度的变化changing atmosphere 变化中的大气; 大气变化changing composition (of the atmosphere) 大气成分的变化charge 费charges on water pollution 水污染费Charter on Ground Water Management 地下水管理章程CHBr3 CHBr3 三溴甲烷环境工程CHCl=CCl2 CHCl=Cl2 三氯乙烯CHCl2CCl3 CHCl2CCl3 五氯乙烷CHCl2CH2Cl CHCl2CH2Cl (1,1,2-三氯乙烷CHCl2F CHCl2F 二氯氟甲烷CHCl3 CHCl3 三氯甲烷CHClF2 CHClF2 二氟氯甲烷Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) 化学文摘社chemical barrier 化学屏蔽chemical burn 化学性灼伤chemical change 化学变化chemical cleaning of coal 煤的化学净化chemical conversion 化学转化Chemical Co-ordinating Centre 化学问题协调中心chemical dump 化学废料chemical emergency 化学紧急事故chemical intermediate 化学中间产品; 化学半成品chemical name 化学名chemical oxygen demand (COD) 化学需氧量chemical poisoning 化学品中毒chemical reactivity 化学反应性chemical residence time 化学品停留时间; 化学品存在时间chemical safety 化学安全chemical specialities 化学的各种专业chemical substitute 化学代用品; 化学替代物质chemical theory 化学理论chemical trace constituent 化学痕量成分chemical transformation 化学变化chemical transmitter 化学传递介质chemically inert 不起化学作用的; 化学惰性的chemically reactive substance 化学活性物质chemically-fixed energy 化学能; 化学固定能chemistry of atmosphere 大气化学chemo... 化学...chemoautotroph 化学自养生物chemosphere 光化层CHF3 CHF3 三氟甲烷chlorethyl 乙基氯chlorhydrogenation 氯氢化作用chloride 氯化; 氯化物chloride prescrubber 氯化物预洗净气剂chlorinated 氯化的chlorinated alkane 氯化烷烃chlorinated hydrocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物chlorinated hydrocarbon refrigerant 氯化碳氢化合物制冷剂环境工程chlorinated paraffin 氯化石蜡; 氯化烷烃chlorination 氯化作用; 在水中加氯chlorine catalysis 氯的催化作用chlorine chemistry 氯化学chlorine dioxide (ClO2) 二氧化氯chlorine monoxide (Cl2O) 氧化氯chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) 硝酸氯chlorine oxide radical 氧化氯游离基chlorine oxides (ClOx) 氯的氧化物chlorine peroxide 过氧化氯chlorine radicals 氯游离基chlorine reservoir 氯的吸收库chlorine sink 氯的吸收汇chlorine system 氯的化学系统; 氯的化学循环chlorine theory 氯理论chlorine(-containing) substance 含氯物质chlorine-bearing compound 含氯物质chlorine-bearing reservoir 氯的吸收库chlorinolysis 氯解chloroalkane 氯化烷烃chlorocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物chlorocarbon refrigerant 氯化碳氢化合物制冷剂chlorodifluoromethane (CHClF2) 二氟氯甲烷chloroethane 氯乙烷chloroethylene 二氯化乙烯chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) 氯氟碳化合物; 含氯氟烃chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant 氯氟碳化合物制冷剂chlorofluoroethane 氟氯乙烷chlorofluoromethane (CFM) 氟氯甲烷chloroform (CHCl3) 氯仿; 三氯甲烷chlorohydrocarbon 氯化碳氢化合物chloromethane 氯甲烷chloropentafluoroethane (C2ClF5) 五氟氯乙烷chlorophenols 氯酚chlorotrifluoromethane (CClF3) 三氟氯甲烷C-horizon 母质层; C层chromatophore cell 色素细胞CIDIE 国际发展机构环境委员会circle of latitude 纬度圈circulating fluidized bed combustor 循环流化床燃烧室circulation pattern of the atmosphere 大气环流模式circumpolar vortex 环极涡旋; 绕极涡旋CITES 濒危野生动植物物种国际贸易公约Cl Cl 氯; 氯原子环境工程Cl2 Cl2 氯分子Cl2C=CCl2 Cl2C=CCl2 四氯乙烯Cl2O Cl2O 氧化氯Cl3CCCl3 Cl3CCCl3 六氯乙烷classified facility 按可能引起污染的程度被定级设施clean air 清洁空气; 新鲜空气Clean Air Act 空气清洁法clean atmosphere 天然大气; 洁净大气clean rain 干净的雨; 没有被污染的雨clean technologies 不引起污染的技术; 干净的技术clean use of coal 煤的干净用法cleaner technologies 清洁技术; 净化技术cleaning solvent 洗涤液; 洗涤溶剂cleanup activities 清洁活动; 净化活动clear sky 晴空clearing-house mechanism [UNEP] 资料交换所机制体制CLICOM CLICOM 不译CLICOM facility [WMO] CLICOM设施climagram 气候图CLIMAT broadcast CLIMAT广播CLIMAT reporting station [WWW] CLIMAT报告站CLIMAT TEMP reporting system [WWW] CLIMAT TEMP报告系统climate alert 气候警报climate applications 气候应用Climate Applications Referral System 气候应用检索系统climate change 气候变化Climate Change Detection Project 气候变化检测计划Climate Computing (CLICOM) CLICOM (不译)climate control 气候控制climate data centre 气候资料中心climate data management 气候资料管理climate diagnostic 气候分析climate forcing 气候作用力climate indicator 气候指示物climate information 气候资料climate model 气候模型climate modelling 建立气候模型climate monitoring 气候监测climate observing station 气候观测站climate process 气候过程climate record 气候记录climate science 气候科学climate sensitivity 气候敏感性climate system monitoring (CSM) 气候系统监测环境工程climate trend 气候趋势climate variation 气候变化climate warming 气候变暖; 气温升高climate watch 气候监视climate-sensitive activity 影响气候的活动; 对气候敏感的活动climatic anomaly 气候异常; 气候距平climatic atlas 气候图集climatic change 气候变化climatic control 气候控制climatic cycles 气候循环; 气候周期climatic data 气候资料climatic divide 气候分界climatic effects 气候效应climatic element 气候要素climatic event 气候现象; 气候事件climatic facilities 气候治疗设施climatic factors 气候因子climatic forecast 气候预报; 气候展望climatic hazard 不测风云的危险性; 气候异常的危险性climatic model 气候模型climatic optimum 气候适宜期climatic record 气候记录climatic region 气候区climatic scourge 气候灾害climatic shift 气候改变climatic stress 气候限制; 气候压力climatic upheaval 气候激烈变化climatic variability 气候的可变性如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http;//climatic variation 气候变化climatic zone 气候带climatography 气候志climatological chart 气候图climatological forecast 以气候学方法预报climatological station 气候站climatologist 气候学家climatology 气候学ClNO2 ClNO2 硝酰氯ClO2 ClO2 过氧化氯ClONO2 ClONO2 硝酸氯closed forest 密生林; 郁闭林closed-cup test 闭杯法试验closed-loop control (of fuel metering) 燃料计量的闭回路控制环境工程cloud albedo 云的反照率cloud amount 云量cloud climatology 云气候学cloud cover 云量cloud droplets 云滴cloud field 云区cloud physics 云物理学cloud process 成云过程; 云形成过程cloud system 云系cloudiness 云量cloud-radiation feedback 云和辐射相互作用; 云-辐射反馈作用cloud-top height 云顶高度cloud-top temperature 云顶温度cloudy 多云ClOx ClOx 氯的氧化物CMM 海洋气象学委会CO2 equivalent 二氧化碳当量CO2-induced changes (of climate) 二氧化碳引起的气候变化coal beneficiation 选煤coal cleaning plant 选煤厂coal washing 洗煤COARE 海洋大气耦合响应实验Coast Earth Station 海岸地面站coastal area 沿海区; 海岸区coastal climate 沿海气候coastal development 滨海地区的发展coastal evolution 海岸的演变coastal fog 岸边的雾; 岸雾coastal ocean 海洋边缘; 近岸海洋coastal protected area 沿海保护区coastal sea 海洋边缘; 近岸海洋coastal shelf 沿海大陆架coastal waters 水体边缘; 近岸水体COD 化学需氧量COH 雾系数cold start emissions 冷起动时排出的废气collection of household refuse 家庭垃圾的收集colonizing species 群居物种column content of ozone 大气气柱中的臭氧含量column of ozone 大气气柱中的臭氧column of the atmosphere 大气气柱combating climate change 防备气候变化combustion emissions 燃烧废气combustion plant 燃烧设施; 燃烧车间环境工程combustion source 火源; 火箱; 燃烧室combustor 燃烧室; 燃烧器commercial applications 商业应用commercial lead time 商品从开始设计到投入市场所需的时间commercially available substitute 可在市场上买到的代用品Commission for Aeronautical Meteorology 航空气象学委员会Commission for Agricultural Meteorology 农业气象学委员会Commission for Atmospheric Sciences 大气科学委员会Commission for Basic Systems (CBS) 基本系统委员会Commission for Climatology (CCl) 气候学委员会Commission for Marine Meteorology 海洋气象学委员会Commission for Special Applications ofMeteorology.. 气象学和气候学特殊应用委员会Commission Initiative in the Field ofthe Environ.. 欧洲共同体委员会环境领域计划Committee for Climate Changes and the Ocean 气候变化和海洋委员会Committee of International Development 国际发展机构环境委员会Committee of International Development 国际发展机构环境委员会Committee of the Whole 全体委员会common name 通用名称compacted soil 紧实土Compendium on Low- and Non-waste Technologies 低废和无废技术概要completely halogenated 全氯化的compliance 遵守compliance delay 延期遵守; 延期执行component 成分; 组分composition of CFCs 氯氟碳化合物的成分compound organic matter 复合有机物compressed natural gas 压缩天然气compression ratio 压缩比compressive resistance 抗压强度; 压应力; 抗压力compulsory measures 强制性措施concentration basin 浓缩池; 选矿槽concentration factor 浓缩系数; 富集系数concentration level 浓缩水平; 富集水平condensate 冷凝; 冷凝液Conference of Experts on Climate and Mankind 气候和人类问题专家会议Conference on Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas 气候变化和致温室效应气体问题会议Conference on Environment and Development 环境与发展会议(环发会议)conservation 保护; 保养; 养护; 维护conservation area 保护区conservation of biological diversity 维护生物的多样性conservation of cilmate 保护气候conservation of genetical diversity 维护遗传的多样性conservation of landscape 保护风景; 保护景观conservation of nature 保护自然; 自然保护。
环境工程专业英语常用词汇表
环境工程专业英语常用词汇表AAQS 环境空气质量标准AARS 机载观测资料自动发送系统ABL 大气边界层ACCAD 世界气候应用及资料计划咨询委员会ACMAD 非洲气象学应用促进发展中心ADI 容许日摄入量ADR 欧洲危险货物国际公路运输协定abatement 减低；降低；减少abiotic 无生命的；非生物的abrasive 磨料; 磨蚀剂; 有磨蚀作用的absorber （of long-wave radiation) 长波辐射吸收剂absorber vessel 吸收器; 吸收装置absorbing ability 吸收能力absorption 吸收作用absorptive complex 吸收性复合体abundance 丰度acceptable daily intake 容许日摄入量acceptance test 验收试验accident management 事故管理accidental spill 事故性溢漏acetate moiety 乙酸根；乙酸基acetylene dichloride 对称二氯乙烯acid fallout 酸性沈降物acid fog 酸雾acid mist 酸雾acid rain 酸雨acid sulphate soils 酸性硫酸盐土；热带沼泽林土acid(ic)deposit（ion) 酸性沈积物acid(ic) precipitation 酸性降水acid（ic）snow 酸雪acid-affected 受酸影响的；受酸危害的acid—causing substance 致酸物质acid-forming substance 成酸物质acidifying substance 酸化物质acidogenic bactria 产酸细菌acid-producing bacteria 产酸细菌acrylonitrile vapour 丙烯腈蒸气action area 行动区域；预定自然保护区action level 触发行动水平; 行动阈值Action Plan for the Biosphere Reserves 生物圈保护区行动计划Action Plan for the Programme of Studies 气候对人类影响研究计划的行动计划Action Plan for the Protection of the Atmosphere 保护大气行动计划action spectrum 作用光谱activated carbon 活性炭activated sludge 活性污泥activation of a response plan 实行应急计划active 活性的active solar energy system 现用的太阳能系统acyclic 无环的acyl nitrite 亚硝酸酰基酯acyl radical 酰基Ad Hoc Group of Legal Experts on Dumping 倾弃问题特设法律专家组add—on hardware 添加硬件add-on technology 增添技术adiabatic process 绝热过程administrative charges 管理费adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附作用adverse climate change 不利的气候变化adverse effect 不利效应; 不利影响adverse environment effect 对环境不利的影响adverse health effect 对健康不利的影响adverse impact 不利影响Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会（海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Committee on Marine Pollution 海洋污染咨询委员会(海洋污染咨委会）Advisory Group on Greenhouse Gases 致温室效应气体问题咨询小组aeronautical climatology 航空气候学Aeronautical Meteorology Programme 航空气象学计划aerosol 气溶胶; 烟雾体aerosol （spray—）can 喷雾罐；气溶胶喷罐aerosol dispenser 气溶胶喷罐；气溶胶发生器aerosol load 气溶胶浓度; 气溶胶含量AFBC 常压流化床燃烧AFC 区域预报中心afforestation 造林；绿化aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲环境问题部长级会议African Ministerial Conference on Environment 非洲部长级环境会议African NGO Environment Network 非洲非政府组织环境网after-care of disposal sites 垃圾堆置场的使用后管理aftershock 余震AGCM 大气环流模型Agricultural Meteorology Programme 农业气象学计划agrochemicals 农用化学品agroclimatic 农业气候的agroclimatological zoning 农业气候分区agrometeorology 农业气象学A-horizon 淋溶层; A层air barrier 气障；气泡阻挡层；气泡屏蔽air chemistry 大气化学air column 气柱air current 气流air injection system 空气喷射系统air intrusion 气流侵袭air mass 气团air monitoring 大气监测air parcel 气块air pollutant 空气污染物air pollution 空气污染air pollution control 空气污染控制air pollution load 空气污染物浓度; 空气污染物含量air shed 大气补给分界线air shower 大气中宇宙线的簇射air surveillance 空气污染监视airborne contaminant 气载污染物airborne emissions 空气中的排放物airborne fraction of carbon 空气中的碳化合物馏分airborne particulates 空气中的悬浮微粒; 气载微粒airborne pollutant concentration 气载污染物浓度如需转载,请注明来自:FanE『翻译中国』http；// airborne pollution 大气污染；空气污染airborne system 机载系统airborne transport 大气输运aircraft(—based）observations 机上观测airflow 气流air—fuel ratio 空气燃油比air-sea boundary layer 大气海洋边界层；海-气边界层air—sea interaction 大气海洋相互作用；海-气相互作用air—sea interface 大气海洋界面；海—气界面albedo 反照率；反射率albedo radiation 反照辐射algae control 藻类控制algal bloom 水华；藻华；藻类大量繁殖alicyclic 脂环族的aliphatic compound 脂族化合物alkadiene 链二烯alkali metal 碱金属alkaline—earth metal 碱土金属alkalinization 碱化; 碱化作用alkane 烷; 链烷烃alkene 烯；链烯烃alkyd resins 醇酸树脂alkyl aluminium halide 卤化烷基铝alkyl nitrate 硝酸烷基酯alkyl nitrite 亚硝酸烷基酯alkylphosphonothio dihalide 烷基硫代膦酰二卤alkyne 炔; 链炔烃alleviating measures 缓和措施；减轻措施allowable daily intake 容许日摄入量alluvial deposit 冲积物; 冲积层alluviation 冲积；冲积作用allyl chlorocarbonate 氯甲酸烯丙酯alterant 备用方案alternative development 可选择的发展alternative fuel 代用燃料alternative technology 可选择的技术altitude distribution 高度分布；垂直方向分布ambient air 环境大气；环境空气ambient air monitor 环境空气监测ambient air quality standard 环境空气质量标准ambient quality standard 环境质量标准ambient standard 环境标准AMCEN 非洲部长级环境会议amenities of the countryside 乡村的舒适amenity rights 舒适环境的权利；舒适权amine ring 氨基环ammonia (NH3）氨ammonia solution (NH4OH) 氨溶液；氢氧化铵；氨水ammonia water 氨水; 氨溶液; 氢氧化铵ammonium hydrogen sulphite （NH4HSO3) 亚硫酸氢铵ammonium hydroxide 氢氧化铵；氨溶液；氨水ammonium sulphate (（NH4)2SO4) 硫酸铵ammonium superphosphate 过磷酸铵ammonolysis 氨解作用ammoxidation 氨解氧化作用；氨氧化反应作用amplification factor 放大因子anaerobic conditions 缺氧情况ANEN 非洲非政府组织环境网animal density 动物密度anion exchanger 阴离子交换剂anomalous fluctuations 反常起伏；反常波动anomaly 反常；异常Antarctic Circle 南极圈Antarctic ozone hole 南极臭氧层空洞Antarctic springtime ozone depletion 南极春季臭氧消耗Antarctic stratospheric circumpolar vortex 南极平流层环极涡旋anthropogenic 源于人类活动的; 人为的anticipatory environmental action 防患未然的环保行动anti—desertification programme 防止沙漠化计划antioxidant 抗氧化剂；防老化剂anti-trade 反信风APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备APELL 在地方一级知道和作好工业事故的准备appliance labelling 电器用品贴上标签如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http；//www。
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环境工程专业英语考试
重点词汇
集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
Environmental quality 环境质量Acid rain酸雨Sulfur dioxide二氧化硫
Nitrogen oxide 氧化氮
Automobile exhausts 汽车尾气
Infectious diseases 传染病
Waterborne diseases 通过水传播的疾病Carbon dioxide二氧化碳
Environmental disturbance环境破坏
Aquatic life 水生物Detection limits 检出限
Qualitative 定性的Quantitative定量的
Characterization 表
征性能描写
Unpleasant odors 难
闻的气味
Trace l level 痕量
微量
Carbon oxide碳化物
Carbon monoxide 一
氧化碳
Carbon dioxide 二氧
化碳
Sulfur oxide 硫化物
Sulfur dioxide二氧
化硫
Sulfur trioxide 三
氧化硫
Nitrogen oxide 氮化
物
Nitrous oxide一氧
化二氮
Nitric oxide一氧化
氮
Nitrogen dioxide 二
氧化氮
Ethane 乙烷
Propane 丙烷
Photochemical
oxidants 光氧化剂
Ozone臭氧
Aldehydes 乙醛
Sulfate salts硫酸
盐
Hydrogen sulfide 硫
化氢
Ammonia氨气
Sulfur acids 硫酸
Nitric acid 硝酸
Primary air
pollutant一次污染
物
Second air pollutant二次污染物
Biofiltration生物过滤
Volatile organic compounds挥发性化合物
Trickling filter滴滤器
Municipal sewage treatment plant市政污水处理厂Wastewater treatment plant污水处理厂
Rendering plant 炼油厂
Ethanol 乙醇Biodegradation 生物降解Bioremediation 生物
治理
Suspended solid
（SS）悬浮颗粒物
Volatile suspended
solid(VSS) 挥发性悬
浮颗粒物
Biochemical oxygen
demand (BOD)生化需
氧量
Heavy mental重金属
Domestic sewage 生
活废水
Chemical oxygen
demand (COD) 化学需
氧量
Sewage 污水、废水
Microorganism微生
物
Microbe微生物
Bacteria(复数)
Bacterium(单数)细菌
Oxidizer氧化剂
Oxidant氧化剂
Dissolved oxygen溶
解氧
Residence time 停留
时间
Eutrophic lake富营
养化的湖泊
Sanitary sewage 生
活污水
Aeration tank 曝气
池
Sedimentation tank
沉淀池
Eutrophication 富营
养化
Adsorption 吸附
Activated carbon 活
性炭
Activated sludge活
性污泥
Coagulation 絮凝、凝固
Flocculation 混凝Sedimentation 沉淀、沉积Hydrophilic 亲水的、吸水的Oxidizing agent 氧化剂
Reverse osmosis 反向渗透
Membrane膜Groundwater地下水Surface water 地表水
Aluminum sulfate 硫酸铝
Screening （用拦污栅）隔离
Turbidity 浊度，浑浊性
Colloidal胶体Chlorine dioxide 二
氧化氯
Ultraviolet light
紫外线
Limestone 石灰石
Incinerator 焚烧炉
Hazardous waste 危
险废物
Refuse垃圾、废物
Environmental
protection agency
环保部
Hydrogen sulfide 硫
化物
Decontamination 净
化，消除……的污染
Aerobic 需氧的
Anaerobic 厌氧的
Decibel meter 分贝
仪
Subsonic 亚声速的
Supersonic 超声速的
Muffler消声器
Ecological
disruptions 生态破
坏
Aquatic ecosystem
水环境系统
Environmental
impact assessments
环境影响评价
Kinetics 动力学
Steady-state 稳态的
Point source
discharge点源排放
Receiving water收
纳水体
Nitrogen oxide 氮氧
化物
Photochemical
oxidant 光化学氧化
剂
Carbon monoxide一
氧化碳
Coliform bacteria 大肠杆菌。