现在完成时与一般过去时专项练习

现在完成时与一般过去时专项练习

每日一句 God helps those who help themselves.

Review

单项选择题

1.Mother _____ me a new coat yesterday. I _______ it on. It fits me well.

A. had made…have tried

B. made…have tried

C. has made…tried

D. made…tried

2 “He ____to draw horses already”. “When ______ he ?” “ Last year “

A. learned...has B. learned (i)

C. has learned...has D. has learned (i)

3.Tom _____up into the tree. Look, he ____ high up there !

A. has got…is

B. has climbed…was

C. got …was

D. climbed…is

4.____ you _____ the text yet ? Yes, we ____ it two hours ago.

A. Did…copy…did

B. Have…copied…have

C. Have…copied…did

D. Did …copy…had

5. “Why ______ she _______ angry ?” “Because he _____ at her just now .”

A. did…get…shouted

B. has…got…shouted

C. di d…get…has shouted

D. has…got…has shouted

6. ______you __________ the film before ? Where _____ you ____ it ?

A. Have …seen…did…see

B. Did …see…did…watch

C. Have…seen…have…seen

D. Did …see…have…seen

7.You ____ me waiting for two hours. I ____ for you since five.

A. kept…waited

B. have kept…waited

C. kept…have waited

D. have kept…have waited

8.Where ______ John _______ ? To the library. He _________ there for an hour.

A.has…been…has gone

B. has…gone…has been

C. did…go…went

D. did…be…went

9.______ the baby still _____ ? No, it _______ crying.

A. Has…cried…has stopped

B. Is…crying…stopped

C. Did …cry…stopped

D. Is…crying…has stopped

10. I _______ the way. I ________ here for quite many years.

A. knew...have lived B. kne w (iv)

C. know...have lived D. know (iv)

Summary

现在完成时与一般过去时的比较

（一）一般过去时态和现在完成时态的概念

一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作常与yesterday, yesterday afternoon, last year, in 1965, a moment ago等表示过去的时间状语连用, 例如：

He came here yesterday.

现在完成时表示过去的动作（或状态）对现在产生的_________, 例如：

He has broken his bottle.

(二)一般过去时态和现在完成时的区别：

１）现在完成时是表示___________与________的联系，主要说明的是现在的情况和状态；而一般过去时则强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系, 例如：

We haven't seen him since last year.我们自从去年以来一直未见到他。（现在还未见到）

We didn't see him last year.我们去年没见到他。（现在不一定未见到）

２）现在完成时表示从过去发生一直持续到现在（包括现在）的某个动作或状态，与现在有关的时间状语连用，一般过去时表示过去某一特定（与现在无关）的时间，与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用, 例如：

He has lived here since he was born.自他出生以来一直居住在这儿。（since自从…以来与现在有关，说明还居住在这儿。）

Liumei went to see her grandmother last night.刘梅昨晚去看了她外婆。（只说明昨晚）

（三）值得注意的几个问题：

1）动作发生在过去，一直持续到说话的时候，并且还在延续时，要用现在完成时，例如：

We have studied English for two years.我们学英语两年了。

2）指过去的经历，但没有表示过去的时间状语，要用现在完成时，例如：

I have been to Shanghai twice.我曾去过上海两次。

3）以when开头的特殊疑问句，要用一般过去时，例如：

When did you lose your pen ?你什么时候丢了钢笔？

4）_______ (刚刚)与现在完成时连用，________ (刚才)与一般过去时连用，例如：The train has just gone.火车刚刚离开。

5）since作介词，后面跟时间名词一起作状语时，句子要用现在完成时；since 作连词，引导状语从句时，主句用_________时，从句用_________时。

He has worked in this factory since 1996.

I have known him since he was a child.

6）so far，in the last / past ……与现在完成时连用，例如：

So far, many countries have sent up satellites into space.In the last 30 years , our lives have changed a lot.

（四）学习现在完成时应注意的三个区别

1）延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别

2）since 和for 的区别。

3）have / has gone to 、have / has been to、have / has been in的区别。

（五）、短暂性动词和延续性动词转换归纳。

A leave—________buy—______borrow—______

die—_______get up—________put on—_______

come / get back—_______go to town—be in town

______—be missing catch a cold—______ a cold

close—_______open—be ______

fall ill / asleep— _________ begin /start—_________

get /receive a letter from—have a letter from

B、come to —be here / there

arrive in （at）/ get to / reach——be at/in

join the army-------be in the army/ be a soldier

join the League-----_____________________________

Exercises