隧道工程及铁道工程专业词汇

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隧道工程知识点

1、隧道定义：隧道是一种修建在地下的工程建筑物，1970年国际经济合作与发展组织召开的隧道会议综合了各种因素，对隧道所下的定义为：“以某种用途、在地面下作用任何方法规定形状和尺寸修筑的断面积大于2㎡的洞室。

”2、隧道分类：按照穿越障碍和作用的不同，交通线上的隧道可分为铁路隧道，公路隧道，水底隧道，地下铁道隧道。

3、隧道主要用途：“作为地下通道，隧道的主要用途有两方面：即用作交通运输通道和水流通道。

4、隧道工程特点：1）、地质条件对其决定性影响；2）、地处偏远，交通运输不便；3）、工作面小，少，施工速度慢；4）、施工环境差；5）、一旦建成，难以更改，设计和施工应完善；6）、受天气气候影响小。

5、地质勘察工作：隧道通过地段的地质调查测绘是隧道工程地质勘测的核心工作。

6、地质超前预报内容：地区地质分析与宏观地质，预报不良地质及灾害地质超前预报，重大施工地质灾害临警预报。

7、地质超前预报方法有：地质分析法、超前平行导坑预报法、超前水平钻孔法、物探法、特殊灾害地质的预测方法。

8、围岩分级：根据岩体的若干指标，按照稳定性将围岩分成不同的级别。

9、围岩的定义：围岩指的是隧道开挖后产生应力重分布岩体（或土体），或隧道开挖后对其对稳定有影响产生影响的那部分岩体(或土体)。

10、掌握我国铁路隧道的围岩分级方法：我国现行的《铁路隧道设计规范》，明确规定了要采用以围岩稳定性为基础的分级法和按弹性波速度的分级法。

该分级法主要考虑了围岩的结构特征和完整状态、岩石强度和地下水等工程地质中的三方面因素，把围岩分为6级。

11、围岩稳定性的影响因素：三个基本因素：岩性（岩石的强度和变形性质）地质构造（岩体的完整性或结构状态）地下水（地下水发育时，围岩级别应该降低）一个附加因素：初始地应力12、围岩压力的定义：围岩压力是指地下开挖空间周围的岩体和支护结构变形或破坏的作用力。

从狭义上指围岩作用在支护结构上的压力。

13、围岩压力分类：围岩压力按作用力发生的形态，一般可分为如下四种类型：松动压力、形变压力、膨胀压力、冲击压力。

隧道专业英语词汇

铁路词汇铁路；铁道railway railroad铁路线railway line；railroad line铁路网railway network；railroad network铁道科学railway science铁路技术railway technology铁路等级railway classification国有铁路national railway；state railway地方铁路local railway；regional railway私有铁路private railway合资铁路joint investment railway；jointly owned railway标准轨铁路standard-gage railway窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway米轨铁路meter-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway多线铁路multiple track railway重载铁路heavy haul railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路；电力铁路electrified railway；electric railway干线铁路main line railway；trunk railway市郊铁路suburban railway地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground railway工业企业铁路industry railway矿山铁路mine railway轻轨铁路light railway；light rail高架铁路elevated railway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail railway磁浮铁路magnetic levitation railway；maglev森林铁路forest railway山区铁路mountain railway既有铁路existing railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway运营铁路railway in operation；operation；operating railway专用铁路special purpose railway干线trunk line；main line支线branch line铁路专用线railway special line货运专线railway line for freight traffic；freight special line；freight traffic only line客运专线railway line for passenger traffic；passenger special line；passenger traffic only line 客货运混合铁路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operation length of railway；operating distance；revenue length 列车运行图train diagram铁路建筑长度construction length of railway区间section区段district轨距rail gage；rail gauge轮重wheel load轴重axle load最大轴重maximum allowable axle load限制轴重axle load limited限界clearance；gauge限界图clearance diagram铁路建筑限界railway construction clearance；structure clearance for railway；railway struction gauge基本建筑限界fundamental construction clearance；fundamental structure gauge桥梁建筑限界bridge construction clearance；bridge structure gauge隧道建筑界限tunnel construction clearance；tunnel structure gauge铁路机车车辆限界rolling stock clearance for railway；vehicle gauge机车车辆上部限界clearance limit for upper part of rolling stock机车车辆下部限界clearance limit for lower part of rolling stock装载限界loading clearance limit；loading gauge阔大货物限界clearance limit for freight with exceptional dimension；clearance limit for oversize commodities接触网限界clearance limt for overhead contract wire；clearance limit for overhead catenary system；overhead catenary system gauge列车与线路相互作用track-train interaction轮轨关系wheel-rail relation；wheel-rail interaction粘着系数adhesion coefficient车轮滑行wheel sliding；wheel skid车轮空转wheel slipping牵引种类kinds of traction；category of traction牵引方式mode of traction牵引定数tonnage rating；tonnage of traction装载系数loading coefficient速度speed持续速度continuous speed限制速度limited speed；speed restriction均衡速度balancing speed构造速度construction speed；design speed最高速度maximum speed临界速度critical speed重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train超长超重列车exceptionally long and heavy train列车正面冲突train collision列车尾追train tail collision列车尾部防护train rear end protection伸缩运动fore and aft motion蛇行运动hunting；nosing列车压缩train running in列车拉伸train running out列车分离train separation列车颠覆train overturning列车动力学train dynamics列车空气动力学train acrodynamics机车车辆振动vibration of rolling stock纵向振动longitudinal vibration横向振动lateral vibration垂向振动vertical vibration摆滚振动rock-roll vibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling ；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting机车车辆共振resonance of rolling stock机车车辆冲击impact of rolling纵向冲击longitudinal impact横向冲击lateral impact垂向冲击vertical impact货运站综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations at freight station行车指挥自动化automation of traffic control编组场综合作业自动化automation of synthetic operations in marshalling yard铁路运营信息系统railway operation information system铁路数据交换系统railway data exchange system运营系统模拟simulation of operation system铁路法railway law铁道法规railway act铁路条例railway code铁路技术管理规程regulations of railway technical operation综合运输comprehensive transport；multi-mode transport；intermode transport 国际铁路联运international railway through traffic大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinental railway；intercontinental railway；land-railway 国际联运协定agreement of international through traffic国际联运议定书protocol of international through traffic国际铁路联运公约convention of international railway through traffic铁路新线建设newly-built railway construction铁路技术改造technical reform of railway；technical renovation of railway；betterment and improvement of railway铁路主要技术条件main technical standard of railway；main techincal requirement of railway 单位工程unit project分部工程part project分项工程item project预可行性研究pre-feasibility study项目建议书proposed task of project可行性研究feasibility study设计阶段design phase；design stage三阶段设计three-step design；three-phase design两阶段设计two-step design；two-phase design一阶段设计one-step design；one-phase design初步设计preliminary design技术设计technical design扩大初步设计enlarged preliminary design；expanded preliminary design施工图设计construction detail design；working-drawing design变更设计altered design设计概算apporximate estimate of design；budgetary estimate of design个别概算individual approximate estimate综合概算comprehensive approximate estimate总概算sum of approximate estimate；total estimate；summary estimate修正总概算amended sum of approximate estimate；revised general estimate调整总概算adjusted sum of approximate estimate投资检算checking of investment预算定额rating of budget；rating form for budget概算定额rating of approximate estimate；rating form for estimate投资估算investment estimate估算指标index of estimate机械台班定额rating per machine per team；rating per machine-team工程直接费direct expense of project；direct cost of project工程间接费indirect expense of project；indirect cost of project工程预备费reserve fund of project设计鉴定certification of design；appraisal of design竣工决算final accounts of completed project铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railway reconnaissance调查测绘survey and drawing of investigation；investigation survey；investigation surveying and sketching地形调查topographic survey地貌调查topographic feature survey；geomorphologic survey地质调查geologic survey经济调查economic investigation；economic survey水文地质调查hydrogeologic survey土石成分调查survey of soil and rock composition土石物理力学性质physical and mechanical properties of soil and rock土石分类classificaion of soil and rock地基承载力bearing capacity of foundation；bearing capacity of ground；bearing of subgrade 隧道围岩分级classification of tunnel surrounding rock地质图测绘survey and drawing of geological map；surveying and sketching of geological map 勘探exploration；prospecting挖探excavation prospecting钻探boring；exploration drilling物探geophysical prospecting室内测试indoor test；laboratory test原位测试in situ test静力触探static sounding；static probing；cone penetration test动力触探试验dynamic penetration test标准贯入试验standard penetration test区域地质regional geology工程地质engineering geology不良地质unfavorable geology特殊地质special geology工程地质条件engineering geologic；requirement；engineering geologic condition气象资料meteorological data冻结深度freezing depth地震基本烈度basic intensity of earthquake；seismic basic intensity工程地质图engineering geological map地层柱状图column diagram of stratum；graphic logs of strata；drill log of stratum洪水调查flood survey河道调查river course survey冰凌调查ice floe survey；frazil ice survey汇水区流域特征调查survey of catchment basin characteristics水文断面hydrologic sectional drawing；dydrologic section；hydrologic cross-section主河槽main river channel设计流速design current velocity设计高程；设计标高design elevation河流比降slope of river；comparable horizon of river历史洪水位historic flood level最高水位highest water level；HWL通航水位navigation water level；NWL桥涵水文hydrology of bridge and culvert水利半径hydraulic radius桥前壅水高度backwater height in front of bridge；top water level in front of bridge桥渡勘测设计survey and design of bridge crossing水面坡度slope of water surface水文测量hydrological survey泥石流流域catchment basin of debris flow分水岭watershed；dividing ridge汇水面积catchment area；water collecting area；drainage area洪水频率flood frequency设计流量design discharge设计水位design water level施工水位construction level；construction water level；working water level 设计洪水过程线designed flood hydrograph容许冲刷allowable scour一般冲刷general scour局部冲刷local scour；partial scour铁路测量railway survey线路踏勘；草测route reconnaissance初测preliminary survey定测location survey；alignment；final location survey导线测量traversing；traverse survey光电导线photoelectric traverse地形测量topographical survey横断面测量cross leveling；cross-section survey；cross-section leveling线路测量route survey；profile survey；longitudinal survey既有线测量；旧线测量survey of existing railway线路复测repetition survey of existing railway；resurvey of existing railway 测量精度survey precision；precision of survey均方差；中误差mean square error最大误差；极限误差maximum error；limiting error中线测量center line survey中线桩center line stake加桩additional stake；plus stake外移桩shift out stake；stake outward；offset stake水准点高程测量benchmark leveling中桩高程测量；中平center stake leveling曲线控制点curve control point放线setting-out of route；lay out of route交点intersection point副交点auxiliary intersection point转向角deflection angle分转向角auxiliary deflection angle坐标方位角plane-coordinate azimuth象限角quadrantal angle经纬距plane rectangular coordinate断链broken chain投影断链projection of broken chain断高broken height铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railway aerial photogrammetry铁路航空勘测railway aerial surveying航带设计flight strip design；design of flight strip铁路工程地质遥感remote sensing of railway engineering geology测段segment of survey航测选线aerial surveying alignment航测外控点field control point of aerophotogrammetry全球定位系统global positioning system；GPS像片索引图index of photography三角测量trigonometric survey；triangulation精密导线测量precise traverse survey；accurate traverse survey三角高程测量trigonometric leveling隧道洞外控制测量ouside tunnel control survey隧道洞内控制测量in tunnel control survey；through survey隧道洞口投点horizontal point of tunnel portal；geodetic control point of portal location of adit桥轴线测量survey of bridge axis铁路选线railway location；approximate railway location；location of railway route selection 平原地区选线location in plain region；plain location越岭选线location of mountain line；location of line in mountain region；location over mountain山区河谷选线mountain and valley region location；location of line of in mountain and valley region丘陵地段选线hilly land location；location of line on hilly land工程地质选线engineering geoligic location of line线间距distance between centers of tracks；midway between tracks车站分布distribution of stations方案比选scheme comparison；route alternative投资回收期repayment period of capital cost纸上定线paper location of line缓坡地段section of easy grade；section of gentle slope紧坡地段section of sufficient grade非紧坡地段section of unsufficient grade；section fo insufficient grade导向线leading line；alignment guiding line拔起高度；克服高度height of lifting；lifting height；ascent of elevation横断面选线cross-section method of railway location；location with cross-section method；cross-section method for location of line展线extension of line；development of line；line development展线系数coefficient of extension line；coefficient of development line套线overlapping line线路平面图track plan；line plan线路纵断面图track profile；line profile站坪长度length of station site站坪坡度grade of station site控制区间control section；controlling section最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve圆曲线circular curve单曲线simple curve缓和曲线transition curve；easement curve；spiral transition curve缓和曲线半截变更率rate of easement curvature；rate of transition curve复曲线compound curve同向曲线curves of same sense；adjacent curves in one direction反向曲线reverse curve；curve of opposite sense夹直线intermediate straight line；tangent between curves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡double spur grade限制坡度ruling grade；limiting grade加力牵引坡度pusher grade；assisting grade最大坡度maximum grade临界坡度critical grade长大坡度long steep grade；long heavy grade动力坡度momentum grade均衡坡度balanced grade有害地段harmful district无害地段harmless district变坡点point of gradient change；breake in grade坡段grade section坡段长度length of grade section坡度差algebraic difference between adjacent gradients竖曲线vertical curve分坡平段level stretch between opposite sign gradient缓和坡度slight grade；flat grade；easy grade起动缓坡flat gradient for starting加速缓坡easy gradient for acceleration；accelerating grade坡度折减compensation of gradient；gradient compensation；grade compensation 曲线折减compensation of curve；curve compesation隧道坡度折减compensation of gradient in tunnel；compensation grade in tunnel绕行地段detouring section；round section换侧；换边change side of double line容许应力设计法allowable stress design method破损阶段设计法plastic stage design method极限状态设计法limit state design method概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisatic limit state design method地震系数法seismic coefficient method路基subgrade；road bed；formation subgrade岩石路基rock subgrade渗水土路基permeable soil subgrade；pervious embankment非渗水土路基non-permeable soil subgrade；impervious embankment特殊土路基subgrade of special soil软土地区路基subgrade in soft soil zone；subgrade in soft；clay region泥沼地区路基subgrade in bog zone；subgrade in morass region；subgrade in swampland 膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgrade in swelling soil zone；subgrade in expansive soil region盐渍土地区路基subgrade in salty soil zone；subgrade in saline soil region多年冻土路基subgrade in permafrost soil zone特殊条件下的路基subgrade under special condition河滩路堤embankment on plain river beach滨河路堤embankment on river bank水库路基subgrade in reservoir；embankment crossing reservoir崩塌地段路基subgrade in rock fall district；subgrade in collapse zone岩堆地段路基subgrade in rock deposit zone；subgrade in talus zone；subgrade in scree zone 滑坡地段路基subgrade in slide岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基subgrade in karst zone洞穴地段路基subgrade in cavity zone；subgrade in cavern zone风沙地段路基subgrade in windy and sandy zone；subgrade in desert雪害地段路基subgrade in snow damage zone；subgrade in snow disaster zone泥石流地段路基subgrade in debris flow zone路基横断面subgrade cross-section路基面subgrade surface；formation路基面宽度width of the subgrade surface；formation width路拱road crown；subgrade crown路肩Road shoulder；subgrade shoulder路肩高程formation level；shoulder level路堤embankment；fill路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cut and part-fill section；cut and fill section基床subgrade bed；formation基床表层surface layer of subgrade bed；formation top layer；surface layer of subgrade基床表层bottom layer of subgrade；formation base layer；bottom layer of subgrade bed 一般路基general subgrade；ordinary subgrade最小填筑高度minimum fill height of subgrade；minimum height of fill临界高度critical height基底foundation base；base路堤边坡side slope of embankment；fill slope talus坡脚toe of side slope护道berm取土坑borrow pit路堤填料embankment fill material；embankment filler；filling material of embankment填料分类classification of filling material岩块填料rock block filler；rock filler；rock fill粗粒土填料coarse-grained soil filler；coarse-grained soil fill细粒土填料fine-grained soil filler；fine-grained soil fill压实标准compacting criteria相对密度relative density压实系数compacting factor；compacting coefficient最佳含水量optimum moisture content；best moisture content最佳密度optimum density；best density核子密度湿度测定determination of nuclear density-moisture路基承载板测定determination of bearing slab of subgrade预留沉落量reserve settlement；settlement allowance反压护道berm with superloading；berm for back pressure；counter swelling berm石灰砂桩lime sand pile换土change soil；soil replacement爆破排淤blasting discharging sedimentation；silt arresting by explosion；discharge of sedimentation by blasting抛石挤淤throwing stones to packing sedimentation；packing sedimentation by throwing stones；packing up sedimentation by dumping stones路堑石方爆破rock cutting blasting；rock blasting in cut定向爆破directional blasting浅孔爆破shallow hole blasting深孔爆破deep hole blasting洞室药包爆破chamber explosive package blasting；chamher blasting扬弃爆破abandoned blasting；abandonment blasting抛掷爆破pin-point blasting松动爆破blasting for loosening rock药壶爆破pot hole blasting裸露腰包爆破adobe blasting；contact blasting路堑边坡cutting slope；side slope of cut堑顶top of cutting slope；top of cutting路堑平台platform of cutting；berm in cutting弃土堆waste bank；bankette；spoil bank挡土墙retaining wall重力式挡土墙gravity retaining wall衡重式挡土墙balance weight retaining wall；gravity retaining wall with relieving platform；balanced type retaining wall锚定板挡土墙anchored retaining wall by tie rods；anchored bulkhead retaining wall；anchored plate retaining wall加筋土挡土墙reinforced earth retaining wall；reinforced soil retaining wall锚杆挡墙anchored bolt retaining wall；anchoraged retaining wall by tie rods管柱挡墙cylindrical shaft retaining wall沉井挡墙caisson retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile；counter-sliding pile护墙guard wall护坡slope protection；revertment；pitching排水沟weep drain；drainage ditch；drain ditch边沟；侧沟side ditch天沟gutter；overhead ditch；intercepting ditch吊沟suspended ditch跌水hydraulic drop截水沟intercepting ditch；catch-drain急流槽chute排水槽drainage channel渗水暗沟blind drain渗水隧洞leak tunnel；permeable tunnel；drainage tunnel渗井leaching well；seepage well渗管leaky pipe平孔排水horizontal hole drainage反滤层reverse filtration layer；inverted filter；protective filter 检查井inspection well；manhole砂井；排水砂井sand drain隔断层insulating course；insulating layer透水路堤pervious embankment；permeable embankment渗水路堤immerseable embankment排水砂垫层sand filled drainage layer；drainage sand blanker坡面防护slope protection护岸revetment；shore protection导流堤diversion dike拦石墙stone cut off wall；stone falling wall；buttree落石槽stone falling channel；trough for catching falling rocks柴排firewood raft；mattress；willow fascine固沙造林stabilization for sands by afforestation挡风墙wind-break wall防风栅栏wind break fence砂土液化sand liquefaction中-活载CR-live loading；China railway standard loading桥梁标准活载standard live load for bridge桥梁荷载谱bridge load spectrum换算均布活载equivalent uniform live load设计荷载design load主力principal load恒载dead load土压力earth load静水压力hydrostatic pressure浮力buoyancy列车活载live load of train列车离心力centrifugal force of train列车冲击力；冲击荷载impact force of train冲击系数ceofficient of impact人行道荷载sidewalk loading附加力subsidiary load；secondary load列车制动力braking force of train列车牵引力tractive force of train风荷载wind load列车横向摇摆力lateral swaying force of train流水压力pressure of water flow冰压力ice pressure冻胀力frost heaving force特殊荷载particular load船只或排筏的撞击力collision force of ship or raft地震力seismic force地震烈度earthquake intensity地震震级earthquake magnitude施工荷载constructional loading荷载组合loading conbination铁路桥railway bridge公铁两用桥combined bridge；combined highway and railway bridge；combined rail-cum-road bridge跨线桥；立交桥overpass bridge；grade separation bridge；flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥dry bridge人行桥foot bridge；pedestrian bridge圬工桥masonry bridge钢桥steel bridge铆接钢桥riveted steel bridge栓焊钢桥bolted and welded steel bridge全焊钢桥all welded steel bridge摩擦结合式高强度螺栓high strength friction grip bolt扭剪式高强度螺栓torshear type high strength blot螺栓示功扳手bolt wrench with indicator混凝土桥concrete bridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforced concrete bridge预应力混凝土桥prestressed concrete bridge先张法预应力梁pretensioned prestressed concrete girder后张法预应力梁post-tensioned prestressed concrete girder部分预应力混凝土桥partially prestressed concrete bridge结合梁桥composite beam bridge低高度梁shallow girder无碴无枕梁girder without ballast and sleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girder with rolled steel section encased in concrete；skeleton reinforced concrete girder简支梁桥simply supported beam bridge连续梁桥continuous beam bridge悬臂梁桥cantilever beam bridge板桥slab bridge空心板桥hollow slab bridge板梁plate girder工形梁I-beam箱形梁box girder槽形梁trough girder桁架truss拆装式桁架demountable truss刚架桥；刚构桥rigid frame bridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥strutted beam bridge；slant-legged rigid frame bridge悬板桥；悬带桥stressed ribbon bridge悬索桥；吊桥suspension bridge斜拉桥cable-stayed bridge浮桥pontoon bridge；floating bridge；bateau bridge拱桥arch bridge固端拱；无铰拱fixed-end arch双铰拱two-hinged arch三铰拱three-hinged arch实腹拱spandrel-filled arch；solid-spandrel arch空腹拱open-spandrel arch双曲拱two-way curved arch；cross-curved arch系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tied arch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langer bridge；flexible arch bridge with rigid tie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohse bridge；rigid arch bridge with rigid tie and vertical sespenders尼尔森桥Nielsen systen bridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥Nielsen type Lhse bridge；rigid arch bridge with fighd tie and inclined suspenders活动桥movable bridge竖旋桥bascule bridge平旋桥swing bridge升降桥lift bridge正交桥right bridge斜交桥skew bridge曲线桥curved bridge曲梁curved beam特大桥super maior bridge大桥major bridge中桥medium bridge小桥minor bridge单线桥single track bridge双线桥double track bridge多线桥multi-track bridge正桥；主桥main bridge引桥approach spans上承式桥deck bridge半穿式桥；中承式half through bridge；midheight deck bridge 下承式桥through bridge双层桥double-deck bridge永久性桥permanent bridge临时性桥；便桥temporary bridge跨径；跨度span净跨clear spam桥梁全长overall length of bridge桥下净空underneath clearance主梁中心距center to center distance between main girder节间长度panel length梁高depth of girder拱度camber挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchor span悬跨；吊孔suspended span桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板web plate翼缘flange翼缘板flange plate弦杆chord member腹杆web member斜杆diagonal member竖杆vertical member吊杆suspender hanger加劲杆stiffener节点panel point节点板gusset plate拼接板splice plate缀条lacing bar缀板stay plate；tie plate侧向水平联结系lateral bracing横联sway bracing制动撑架braking bracing桥门架portal frame纵梁stringer横梁floor beam；transverse beam桥面系floor system端横梁end floor beam起重横梁jacking floor beam梁端缓冲梁auxiliary girder for controlling angle change应变时效strain ageing碳当量carbon equivalent钢丝steel wire钢丝束bundled steel wires钢绞线steel strand钢筋reinforcement；steel bar箍筋stirrup纵向钢筋longitudinal reinforcement弯起钢筋bent-up bar架立钢筋erection bar构造钢筋constructional reinforcement预应力筋tendon套管sheath梁腋haunch拱圈arch ring拱肋arch rib拱顶rach crown拱矢rise of arch起拱点springing拱腹soffit拱腹线intrados拱背钱extrados桥塔bridge tower；pylon索平面cable plane缆索cable斜缆stay cable；inclined cable吊缆suspension cable索鞍cable saddle索夹cable band；cable clamp锚座socket锚碇anchorage明桥面open deck；ballastless deck；open floor 桥梁道碴槽ballast trough道碴桥面ballasted deck；ballasted floor桥梁护轨guard rall of bridge桥梁护木guard timber of bridge桥枕bridge tie；bridge sleeper桥上人行道sidewalk on bridge步行板foot plank避车台refuge platform伸缩缝expansion joint正交异性板orthotropic plate栏杆railing；handrail；handrailing泻水孔drainage opening直结轨道track fastened directly to steel girders抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shear connector支座bearing固定支座fixed bearing活动支座expension bearing；movable bearing平板支座plate bearing摇轴芝座rocker bearing滚轴支座roller bearing球面支座spherical bearing板式橡胶支座laminated rubber bearing盆式橡胶支座pot rubber bearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylene bearing；PTFE bearing涡流激振wortex-excited oscillation弛振galloping颤振flutter扰流板spoiler风嘴wind fairing桥梁自振周期natural vibration period of bridge浮运架桥法bridge erection by floating架桥机架设法erection by bridge girder erecting equipment顶推式架设法erection by incremental launching拖拉架设法launching method赝架式架设法erection with scaffolding悬臂架设法catilever erection；erection by protrusion悬臂灌注法cast-in-place cantilever construction；free cantilever segmental concreting with suspended formwork悬臂拼装法cantilevered assembling constrution；free cantilever erection with segments of precast concrete预制混凝土构件precast concrete units；precast concrete members活动模架逐跨施工法segmental span-by-span construction using form traveller桥梁合龙closure就地贯注法cast-in-place method；cast-in-situ method活动吊篮travelling cradle顶进法jack-in method旋转法施工；转体施工erection by swing method液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulic tensioning jack桥梁下部结构substructure桥台abutment重力式桥台gravity abutment埋置式桥台buried abutment锚定板式桥台anchor slab abutmentU形桥台U-shaped abutment耳墙式桥台abutment with cantilevered retaining wall台身abutment body前墙front wall台帽abutment coping翼墙wing wall锥体护坡quadrant revetment；truncated cone banking台后填方filling behind abutment桥墩pier空心桥墩hollow pier实体桥墩solid pier重力式桥墩gravity pier柔性桥墩flexible pier拼装式桥墩assembly pier；pier constructed with precast units制动墩braking pier柱式桥墩column pierV形桥墩V-shaped pier圆端形桥墩round-ended pier圆形桥墩circular pier矩形桥墩rectangular pier排架式桥墩pile bent pier墩身pier body；pier shaft墩帽pier coping围栏railing around coping of pier or abutment承台bearing platform破冰体ice apron；ice-breaking cutwater；ice guard地基foundation；foundation soil；subgrade加固地基improved foundation；improved ground天然地基natural foundation；natural ground桥梁基础bridge foundation扩大基础spread foundation明挖基础open-cut foundation；open excavation foundation沉井基础open caisson foundation浮式沉井基础floating caisson foundation沉井刃脚cutting edge of open caisson围堰cofferdam双壁钢围堰钻孔基础double wall steel cofferdam bored foundation 预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricated steel shell bored foundation泥浆套沉井法slurry jacket method for sinking caisson空气幕沉井法air curtain method for sinking caisson沉箱基础pneumatic caisson foundation管柱基础tubular column foundation桩基础pile foundation预制桩precast pile就地灌注桩cast-in-place concrete pile；cast-in-situ concrete pile 螺旋喷射桩auger injected pile摩擦桩friction pile支承桩bearing pile钻孔桩bored pile挖孔桩dug pile钢桩steel pile钢管桩steel pipe pile钢板桩steel sheet pile板桩sheet pile木桩timber pile钢筋混凝土桩reinforced concrete pile砂桩sand pile挤密砂桩sand conpaction pile流砂quick sand；drift sand送桩pile follower试桩test pile斜桩batter pile；raking pile；spur pile护筒pile casting重锤夯实法heavy tamping method灰土换填夯实法mothod of lime-soil replacement and tamping灌注水下混凝土underwater concreting；concreting with tremie method 导流建筑物regulating structure丁坝；挑水坝spur dike顺坝longitudinal dam河床铺砌river bed paving码头wharf排架bent脚手架scaffold悬空脚手架hanging stage；hanging scaffold铁路涵洞railway culvert涵洞孔径aperture of culvert管涵pipe culvert箱涵box culvert拱涵arch culvert盖板涵slab culvert无压力涵洞inlet unsubmerged culvert压力式涵洞outlet submerged culvert半压力式涵洞inlet submerged culvert明渠open channel；open ditch；open drain倒虹吸管inverted siphon潮汐河流tidal river淤积silting；siltation流冰ice drift铁路轮渡railway car ferries轮渡站ferry station轮渡栈桥ferry trestle bridge渡轮ferry boat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferry slip铁路隧道railway tunnel山岭隧道mountain tunnel越岭隧道over mountain line tunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueous tunnel；underwater tunnel地铁隧道subway tunne；underground railway tunnel浅埋隧道shallow tunnel；shallow-depth tunnel；shallow burying tunnel 深埋隧道deep tunnel；deep-depth tunnel；deep burying tunnel单线隧道single track tunnel双线隧道double track tunnel多线隧道multiple track tunnel车站隧道station tunnel地铁车站subway station；metro station特长隧道super long tunnel长隧道long tunnel中长隧道medium tunnel短隧道short tunnel隧道群tunnel group地铁工程subway engineering；metro engineering洞口tunne ladit；tunnel opening隧道进口tunnel entrance隧道出口tunnel exit迎坡；正面坡front slope洞门tunnel portal洞门框tunnel portal frame端墙式洞门end wall tunnel portal柱式洞门post tunnel portal翼墙式洞门wing wall tunnel portal耳墙式洞门ear wall tunnel portal台阶式洞门bench tunnel portal正洞门orthonormal tunnel portal；straight tunnel portal斜洞门skew tunnel portal明洞门open-cut-tunnel portal；gallery portal衬砌lining拱圈arch边墙side wall仰拱invert；inverted arch底板floor整体式衬砌integral lining装配式衬砌precast lining；prefabricated lining模筑衬砌moulded lining洞口段衬砌lining of tunnel portal section偏压衬砌unsymmetrically loading lining；eccentrically compressed lining 组合衬砌；复合衬砌composite lining初期支护primary support。

土木工程专业英语词汇表

土木工程工程地质engineering geology原位测试in-situ test初步勘查preliminary exploration 详细勘查detailed exploration地质调查geological survey地质勘查geological exploration地质测绘geological mapping矿物mineral[ˈmɪnərəl]地质构造geological structure岩石结构rock structure节理joint[dʒɔɪnt]裂隙fissure[ˈfɪʃə(r)]岩浆岩magmatic rock沉积岩sedimentary rock风化weathering[ˈweðərɪŋ]地质年代geological time褶皱fold[fəʊld]断裂构造fault structure断层fault[fɔ:lt]地震earthquake[ˈɜ:θkweɪk]纵波longitudinal wave横波shear wave岩体rock mass结构体structure body结构面structural plane软弱夹层soft interlayer潜水层phreatic stratum承压水层artesian aquifer岩溶karst[kɑ:st]煤层coal seam滑坡landslide [ˈlændslaɪd]泥石流debris flow崩塌collapse[kəˈlæps]边坡slope [sləʊp]抗滑桩anti-slide pile挡土墙retaining wall钻孔，钻探drilling挖探excavation prospecting 专业英语词汇结晶crystallization [ˌkrɪstəlaɪ'zeɪʃn]石英quartz[kwɔ:ts]云母mica [ˈmaɪkə]千枚岩phyllite['fɪlaɪt]花岗岩granite[ˈgrænɪt]玄武岩basalt[ˈbæsɔ:lt]石灰岩limestone[ˈlaɪmstəʊn]大理岩griotte[ɡ'rɪət]///marble[ˈmɑ:bl]冲积层alluvium[əˈlu:viəm]残积层eluvium[ɪ'lu:vɪəm]洪积层diluvium[daɪ'lu:vɪəm]第四纪松散沉积物quaternary unconsolidated sediments冰水沉积物fluvioglacial deposit冰渍glacial drift水平构造horizontal tectonic倾斜构造dipping structure震源source [sɔ:s]震级magnitude[ˈmægnɪtju:d]震中epicenter['epɪsentə]烈度intensity[ɪnˈtensəti]河流侵蚀river erosion河流阶地river terrace地球物理勘探Geophysical exploration 河谷valley[ˈvæli]三角洲delta [ˈdeltə]平原地貌plain landform丘陵地貌hilly topography山岭地貌topographic features of mountain ridges垭口pass area上层滞水perched water可行性研究阶段feasibility study stage载荷试验load test静力触探cone penetration test无侧限抗压强度试验unconfined compressive strength test十字板剪切试验vane shear test标准贯入试验standard penetration test 旁压试验lateral pressure test水压致裂法hydraulic fracturing technique公路Highway高速公路Expressway水泥混凝土路面cement concrete pavement 沥青混凝土路面asphalt concrete pavement 柔性路面flexible pavement刚性路面rigid pavement土基Subgrade挖方路基（路堑）Cutting填方路基（路堤）Embankment基层Base course垫层bed course磨耗层Wearing surface/wearing course刚性基层rigid base ['rɪdʒɪd]柔性基层flexible base ['flɛksəbl]道路选线Selection of Highway Route平面线形horizontal alignment [ə'laɪnmənt] 圆曲线circular curve ['sɝkjəlɚ][kɝv]缓和曲线transition curve地面标高ground elevation里程桩mile stake [maɪl] [stek]排水沟Drain[dren]截水沟Intercepting [ɪntɚ'sɛpt]中央分隔带median divider路缘Curb [kɝb]细集料fine aggregate[faɪn]['æɡrɪɡət]混合料Mixture['mɪkstʃɚ]配合比设计mixture ratio design摊铺Pave[pev]碾压Compaction[kəm'pækʃən]压实度degree of compaction胀缝expansion joint缩缝coarctation joint车辙ruts [rʌt] 主干路 major road ['medʒɚ] [rod]次干路sub-arterial road[ɑr'tɪrɪəl]支路branch way[bræntʃ] [we]最大纵坡longitudinal grade龄期Instar['ɪnstɑː]减水剂water reducer引气剂air entraining agent早强剂early strength agent矿粉mineral powder粉煤灰fly ash[flaɪ] [æʃ]石灰Lime[laɪm]火山灰Ash[æʃ]矿渣Slag[slæɡ]改性沥青modified asphalt粘度Viscosity[vɪs'kɑsəti]延度ductility[dʌk'tɪləti]针入度needle penetration软化点softening point['sɔfnɪŋ] [pɔɪnt]级配砂砾（碎石）Graded gravel施工缝construction joint水泥稳定粒料cement stabilized aggregate 热、冷拌法Hot/cold mixing method 热、冷铺法Hot/cold laid method抗滑性skid resistance[skɪd] [rɪ'zɪstəns]耐磨性wear resistance[wɛr][rɪ'zɪstəns]耐久性Durability[,djʊrə'bɪləti]防水层Waterproofer['wɔtə,prʊfɚ]防渗层impermeable layer路拱横坡crown slope[kraʊn] [slop]横断面cross section[krɔs] ['sɛkʃən]盲沟blind ditch[blaɪnd] [dɪtʃ]渗井seepage well['sipɪdʒ] [wɛl]弯沉deflection[dɪ'flɛkʃən]坡面防护slope protection裂缝防治crack control平面交叉 grade crossingfly-over crossing跨度Span [spæn]上部结构Superstructure ['supɚstrʌktʃɚ] 下部结构Substructure ['sʌbstrʌktʃə]桥墩Pier [pɪr]桥台Abutment [ə'bʌtmənt]承台Pile cap[kæp] / bearing platform桥面Bridge deck [dek]净空Clearance ['klɪrəns]钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete预应力混凝土Pre-stressed concrete钢管混凝土concrete filled steel [stil] tube 正常使用极限状态normal use ultimate ['ʌltəmət] state承载能力极限状态limit status ofbearing capability立交桥，高架公路Flyover ['flaɪovɚ] /overpass ['ovɚpæs]梁桥Beam [bim] bridge拱桥Arch [ɑrtʃ] bridge板桥Slab [slæb] bridge刚构桥Rigid ['rɪdʒɪd] frame [frem] bridge桁架桥Truss [trʌs] bridge悬索桥Suspension [sə'spɛnʃən] bridge斜拉桥Cable-stayed bridge伸缩缝Expansion [ɪk'spænʃən] and contraction [kən'trækʃən] joint先张法Pre-tensioning method后张法Post-tensioning method拱圈Arch [ɑrtʃ] ring腹拱Spandrel ['spændrəl] arch支座Bearing ['bɛrɪŋ]索塔Cable ['kebl] bent tower锚碇Anchorage ['æŋkərɪdʒ]围堰cofferdam ['kɔfɚ,dæm]纵梁Girder ['ɡədɚ]横梁Floor beam [bim]箱梁Box girder['ɡədɚ]简支梁Simple supported beam连续梁Continuous [kən'tɪnjʊəs] beam上（中、下）承式桥Deck/half-through/through bridge 主桥Main [meɪn] bridge引桥Approach [ə'protʃ] span保护层厚度protective[prə'tɛktɪv] cover thickness[ˈθɪknɪs]配筋率reinforcement [,riɪn'fɔrsmənt] ratio 双曲拱桥Two-way curved [kɝvd] arch bridge空腹拱Open spandrel ['spændrəl] arch实腹拱Filled spandrel['spændrəl] arch系杆拱Bowstring ['bostrɪŋ] archT形刚构 T-shaped rigid [ˈrɪdʒɪd]frame连续刚构Continuous rigid[ˈrɪdʒɪd] frame 合拢Closure ['kloʒɚ]缆索吊装法Erection [ɪ'rɛkʃən] by protrusion [pro'truʒn]悬臂浇筑法Cast-in-place cantilever ['kæntɪlivɚ] method浮运架桥法Erection by floating转体架桥法Construction by swing [swɪŋ]顶推法Incremental [ɪnkrə'məntl] launching method恒载/静载Dead [dɛd] load活载Live load持续荷载Sustained [sə'stend] load短期瞬时荷载Short-term transient load 荷载组合Loading combinations 偶然荷载Accidental ['vɛrɪəbl] load可变荷载Variable ['vɛrɪəbl] load长期荷载Long-term load临界荷载Critical ['krɪtɪkl] load悬臂梁Cantilever ['kæntɪlivɚ] beam拱架arch [ɑrtʃ]centre索鞍Cable saddle ['sædl]浮桥Pontoon [pɑn'tun] bridge组合体系桥Combined [kəm'baɪnd] system bridge围岩surrounding rock初始地应力场initial ground stress掌子面working face围岩分级rock mass classification喷射混凝土Shotcrete模板台车model board trolley初期支护primary lining二次衬砌Lining仰拱inverted arch锚杆anchor bolt钢拱架steel frame钢筋网steel fabric小导管注浆little tremie grouting锁脚锚杆feet-lock bolt管棚Pipe shed出渣slag tapping隧道照明tunnel lighting隧道通风ventilation射流风机jet fan轴流风机axial-fan竖井shaft斜井inclined shaft消防设施fire control facility隧道火灾tunnel fire塌方collapse岩爆Rock burst涌水water gushing岩溶karst瓦斯gas盾构Shield超前地质预报advance geology forecast 洞门portal明洞opencut tunnel 连拱隧道arch tunnel偏压隧道unsymmetrically loading tunnel 小净距隧道small spacing tunnel大断面隧道large cross-section tunnel断层破碎带fault fracture zone钻爆法drilling and blasting新奥法new Austrian tunneling method(NATM)全断面掘进机TBM(Tunnel boring machine)沉管法Immersed tunnel台阶法bench cut method环形开挖留核心土法Ring excavation reserving core soil method单侧壁导坑unilateral pilot双侧壁导坑twin side heading中隔壁法（CD法）center diagram交叉中隔壁法（CRD法）center cross diagram锚杆拉拔力pulling force of bolt地表下沉surface subsidence拱顶下沉vault crown settlement净空收敛clearance convergence地质雷达geology radar激光断面仪laser profiler光面爆破smooth blasting预裂爆破pre-splitting blasting铁道工程railway engineering准轨铁路standard-gage railway单线铁路single track railway双线铁路double track railway重载铁路heavy haul [hɔl] railway高速铁路high speed railway电气化铁路electric [ɪ'lɛktrɪk] railway磁浮铁路maglev干线trunk [trʌŋk] line, main line支线branch [bræntʃ] line货运专线freight line客运专线passenger special line轨距rail gauge [gedʒ]轴重axle ['æksl] load限界clearance牵引模式mode of traction设计速度construction speed, design speed 重载列车heavy haul train高速列车high speed train最小曲线半径minimum radius of curve 圆曲线circular ['sɝkjəlɚ] curve缓和曲线spiral ['spaɪrəl] transition curve坡度gradient ['ɡredɪənt]路堤embankment [ɪm'bæŋkmənt]路堑road cutting路肩road shoulder基床subgrade bed [fɔr'meʃən]挡土墙retaining [rɪ'tenɪŋ] wall护坡slope protection有碴轨道ballasted track无碴轨道ballastless track有缝线路jointed track无缝线路jointless ['dʒɔɪntlɪs] track轨缝，又称“接头缝”rail gap轨枕cross tie道床ballast ['bæləst] bed道碴ballast 铁路线railway line铁路网railway network铁路等级railway classification多线铁路multiple ['mʌltəpl] track railway即有铁路existing [ɪɡ'zɪstɪŋ] railway新建铁路newly-built railway改建铁路reconstructed railway专用铁路special purpose railway工业企业铁路industry railway运营铁路railway in operation, operating railway铁路专用线railway special line客货运混合线路railway line for mixed passenger and freight traffic窄轨铁路narrow-gage railway宽轨铁路broad-gage railway轨道变形track deformation轨道方向track alignment [ə'lainmənt] 运营里程operating length of railway, operating distance, revenue length最高速度maximum speed限制速度limited speed,[rɪ'strɪkʃən]最大轴重maximum allowable axle load 列车运行图train diagram ['daɪəɡræm]区间section ['sɛkʃən]限制坡度ruling grade转辙器switch proper ['prɔpə]翼轨wing rail心轨point rail, nose rail辙叉frog [frɔɡ]基本轨stock [stɔk] rail基底foundation base道岔turnout ['tɝnaʊt]尖轨switch rail岩土工程geotechnical engineering基础工程foundation [faʊn'deʃən] engineering土力学soil [sɔɪl]mechanics [mə'kænɪks]干密度dry density ['dɛnsəti]饱和度Saturation [ˌsætʃə'reɪʃn]孔隙率porosity [pɔ'rɑsəti]孔隙比void ratio ['reʃɪo]塑限Plastic ['plæstɪk] Limit液限Liquid Limit剪切模量shear modulus ['mɑdʒələs]粘土clay [klei]粉质粘土silty clay粉土silt [sɪlt]淤泥土mucky ['mʌki]soil饱和土saturated ['sætʃəretɪd] soil特殊土special soil软土soft clay膨胀土expansive (swelling ['swɛlɪŋ] ) soil季节性冻土seasonal frozen soil砂土液化sand liquefaction [,lɪkwɪ'fækʃən]渗透性permeability [,pɝmɪə'bɪləti]地基容许承载力load-bearingcapacity [kə'pæsəti]极限荷载ultimate ['ʌltəmət] load临界荷载critical ['krɪtɪkl] load塑性区plastic zone边坡稳定slope stability [stə'bɪləti]孔隙水压力pore water pressure有效应力effective stress压缩compressibility [kəm,prɛsə'bɪləti]直剪试验direct shear experiment三轴实验triaxial [traɪ'æksɪəl] test固结沉降consolidation [kən,sɑlə'deʃən] settlement抗剪强度shearing strength粘聚力cohesion [ko'hiʒən]内摩擦角Internal friction ['frɪkʃən] angle 强度理论strength theory静止土压力static earth pressure相对密实度Relative Density 剪胀dilatation [,daɪlə'teʃən]漂石boulder ['boldɚ]卵石pebble ['pɛbl]级配良好的土well-graded soil级配不良土poorly-graded soil粉砂silty ['sɪlti] sand非饱和土Unsaturated [ʌn'sætʃə'retɪd] soil 湿陷性黄土collapsible[kə'læpsəbl] loess 多年冻土permafrost ['pɝməfrɔst]冻胀frost-heaving冻融循环freeze-thaw [θɔ] cycle碎石detritus [dɪ'traɪtəs]砾石Gravel ['ɡrævl]粗砂coarse [kɔrs] sand中砂medium sand细砂fine sand盐渍土salinized ['sælɪnaɪz] soils红土red clay管涌piping渗透（流）seepage ['sipɪdʒ]渗透压力seepage pressure循环荷载cyclic ['saɪklɪk] loading瞬时沉降immediate [ɪ'midɪət] settlement ['sɛtlmənt]次固结沉降secondary consolidation [kən,s ɑlə'deʃən] settlement.最终沉降Final settlement强度指标strength index土工格栅geogrid土工织物Geotextile[,dʒiəu'tekstail]加筋土reinforced earth[,riɪn'fɔrst] [ɝθ]换填Replacement[rɪ'plesmənt]固结度degree of consolidation超固结土Over consolidated soil正常固结土normally consolidated soil欠固结土Under consolidated soil应力路径stress path塑性指数plastic index液性指数liquidity [lɪ'kwɪdəti] index土动力学soil dynamics主动土压力active earth pressure被动土压力passive earth pressure建筑学architecture['ɑrkə'tɛktʃɚ]建筑红线building lines建筑设计building design建筑物平面图building layout ['leaʊt] 建筑物的三面图elevation[,ɛlɪ'veʃən]摩天大楼skyscraper ['skaɪ'skrepɚ]公寓楼block of flats [flæts]高层建筑high-rise buildings支承柱bearing ['bɛrɪŋ] post柱column ['kɑləm]泵送混凝土pump [pʌmp] concrete混凝土配合比Concrete mix proportion[prə'pɔrʃən]水泥砂浆Cement grout/ cement mortar['mɔrtɚ]水灰比water-cement ratio钢结构steel structure木结构timber ['tɪmbɚ]construction圬工结构mason ['mesn] structure板柱结构slab-column system框架结构frame structure剪力墙shear wall structure承重墙结构the wall bearing structure 型钢profile['profaɪl] steel钢板steel plate角钢angle ['æŋɡl] iron楼板floors回填backfill刚性节点Rigid joint [dʒɔɪnt]铰接，销钉连接Pin joint浅基础Shallow ['ʃælo] foundation深基础Deep foundation浮筏基础buoyancy['bɔɪənsi] raft条形基础strip footing箱形基础box foundation刚性扩大基础rigid spread foundation 桩基础pile [paɪl] foundation钢支撑steel shotcrete ['ʃɒtkriːt] 词义词汇市政建筑Municipal[mju'nɪsɪpl] building 天然采光natural['nætʃrəl] lighting热风供暖warm air heating原材料raw material[mə'tɪrɪəl]防水材料waterproofing['wɔtə,prʊfɪŋ] materials粘结剂Binder ['baɪndɚ]碱-集反应Alkali-aggregate ['æɡrɪɡət] reaction约束梁Restrained[rɪ'strend] members搅拌机Mixer ['mɪksɚ]框架—剪力墙结构frame-shear wall structure筒中筒结构Tube-in-tube structures悬挂结构suspended structure柱间墙，填充墙Filler wall折板结构folded-plate structure悬索结构cable-suspended structure内墙和外墙inner and outer walls基准点datum['detəm] mark基线base line脚手架scaffold['skæfold]露台balcony['bælkəni]扶手、栏杆balustrade [,bælə'stred]对接缝butt joint/seam弹性地基梁beam on elastic [ɪ'læstɪk] foundation区间隧道interzone tunnel地铁车站subway station明挖法cut-and-cover method/open excavated method/open cut method盖挖法cover-excavation method冠梁（围檩）beam at the top水平横撑horizontal brace井点降水dewatering止水帷幕waterstop curtain钢板桩steel sheet pile钢管桩steel pipe pile灌注桩bored concrete pile护筒pile casting泥浆slurrySMW工法桩smw pile construction method 搅拌桩mixing pile旋喷桩jet grouting pile渗透注浆permeating grouting地表注浆surface grouting冻结法freezing method地下连续墙diaphram wall钢筋笼steel reinforcement cage打入桩driven pile静力压桩static pressuring pile沉管灌注桩sinking pipe cast-in-place piles 钻孔灌注桩cast-in-place pile基坑隆起foundation pit resilience盾构选型selection of shield泥水盾构slurry shield machine土压平衡盾构earth pressure balance shield复合式盾构Compound shield始发井Originating well接收井receiving well沉井open caisson管片Segments地表沉降settlement of ground surface 浅埋暗挖shallow-buried excavation 枢纽站junction station换乘站transfer station终点站terminal station井壁sidewall刃脚foot blade紧固螺栓fastening bolt刀盘cutter head滚刀cutter切刀cutter刮刀scraper仿形刀Copying tool破岩机理rock breaking mechanism 壁后注浆grouting behind segment同步注浆synchronous grouting掘进控制tunneling control中洞法center drift method侧洞法side drifts-support method柱洞法pioneer heading-column method 洞柱法central drifts-column method劈裂注浆fracturing grouting压密注浆pressure grouting应力Stress[stres]应变Strain [streɪn]位移Displacement[dis’pleismənt] 虚功Virtual [və:tjuəl] work拉Tension['tensaɪl]/ pull压Compression [kəm'preʃn]弯曲Bend [bend]扭转Twist [twɪst]弯矩Bending moment剪力Shear [ʃiə] force阻力Resistance [rɪˈzɪstəns]摩擦Friction [ˈfrɪkʃn]重力Gravity [ˈgrævəti]浮力Buoyancy ['bɔɪənsɪ]强度Strength [streŋθ]屈服Yield [ji:ld]刚度Stiffness [stɪfnəs]稳定性Stability [stəˈbɪləti]均布荷载Uniform load/ even load 可变荷载Variable [ˈvɛəriəbl] load集中荷载Concentrated load梯度Gradient [greɪdi:ənt]平面杆系Bar system/ frame system 板Board [bɔ:d]壳Shell [ʃel]桁架Truss [trʌs]钢架/构Rigid [ridʒid] frame铰Hinge [hɪndʒ]波Wave [weɪv]加速度Accelerated velocity[ækˈseləreitd vilɔsiti]振动Vibration [vaɪˈbreɪʃn]阻尼Damp [dæmp]弹性的Elastic [ɪˈlæstɪk]塑性的Plastic [ˈplæstɪk]粘性的Viscous [ˈvɪskəs]固体力学Solid mechanic [miˈkænik] 流体力学Fluid [flu:] mechanic连续介质Continuous medium[kənˈtinjuəs ˈmi:djəm]变形协调Deformation compatibility [ˌdi:fɔ:ˈmeɪʃən kəmˌpætəˈbɪlətɪ]边界条件Boundary condition [ˈbaundəri kənˈdiʃən]自由度Degree of freedom约束Constraint [kənˈstreɪnt]平衡方程Equilibrium equation[ˌi:kwəˈlɪbri:əm iˈkweiʃən]相容方程Compatible equation[kəmˈpætəbl iˈkweiʃən]直角坐标Orthogonal coordinate / rectangular [rekˈtæŋɡjulə] coordinate极坐标Polar [ˈpəulə] coordinate影响线Influence element包络图Envelope diagram挠度Deflection [di’flekʃən]蠕变Creep [kri:p] vt﹠n松弛slack [slæk]疲劳Fatigue [fəˈti:g]断裂Fracture [ˈfræktʃə(r)]应力状态Stress state强度理论Strength theory[偏心受压Eccentric compression[ikˈsentrik kəmˈpreʃən]惯性力Inertia force[iˈnə:ʃjəfɔ:s]冲击荷载Impact load[ˈimpækt ləud]刚片Rigid member[ˈridʒid ˈmembə]角位移Angular displacement[ˈæŋgjələdɪsˈpleɪsmənt]线位移Linear [ˈlɪniə(r)] displacement几何约束Geometrical constraint[dʒɪəˈmetrɪkəl kənˈstreint]应力函数Stress function[stres ˈfʌŋkʃən] 应变能Strain energy[strein ˈenədʒi]超静定的Indeterminate [ˌɪndɪˈtɜ:mɪnət] 安全系数safety factor[ˈseifti ˈfæktə]许用应力Allowable [əˈlaʊəbl] stress应力集中Stress concentration[stres ˌkɔnsənˈtreiʃən]压杆稳定stability of compressed bar惯性矩Inertia[iˈnə:ʃjə] moment机械能Mechanical [məˈkænɪkl] energy水头高度water head height层流laminar ['læmɪnə] flow紊流turbulent [ˈtɜ:bjələns] flow转动刚度Rotation stiffness[rəʊˈteɪʃən stɪfnɪs]项目管理project management工程咨询engineering consulting可行性研究feasibility study初步设计preliminary design施工图设计construction drawing design 招投标bidding['bɪdɪŋ]合同contract['kɑntrækt]业主employer[ɪm'plɔɪɚ]设计单位design unit施工单位construction unit监理工程师supervision engineer项目计划project plan项目进度project schedule施工组织设计construction organization design竣工图completion drawing剖面图sectional drawing平面图plain view drawing变更variation[,vɛrɪ'eʃən]索赔claim[klem]联合体joint venture项目部project department施工图预算working drawing budget现场管理site management施工管理construction management 质量管理quality management验收acceptance[ək'sɛptəns]竣工completion [kəm'pliʃən]采购procurement[prə'kjʊrmənt]供货商supplier [sə'plaɪɚ]临时工程temporary work延误或拖期delay[dɪ'le]成本cost[kɔst]风险risk[rɪsk]规范specification['spɛsəfə'keʃən]施工图construction drawing预算budget详细设计detailed design 项目决策project decision招标公告tender announcement招标代理bidding agency要约offer ['ɔfɚ]承诺promise['prɑmɪs]投标保证金tender deposit中标acceptance of the bid标书bid [bɪd]设计施工总承包Engineering--Procurement--Construction(EPC) 总承包商general contractor分包商subcontractor[sʌb'kɑntræktɚ]转包subcontract[,sʌbkən'trækt]总价合同lump sum contract单价合同unit price contract成本加酬金合同reimbursement cost plus fees contract总图general drawing融资租赁financial leasing报表statement['stetmənt]项目组织project organization项目结构project structure监督Superintendence [,sʊprɪn'tɛndəns] 调解mediation[midɪ'eʃən]仲裁arbitration [,ɑrbɪ'treʃən]诉讼litigation ['lɪtə'geʃən]行政复议administrative reconsideration 会议纪要conference summary工作日志log book交货期delivery time海关清关customs clearance(甘特图)横道图Gantt chart/bar chart网络图network['nɛtwɝk]进展速度rate of progress进度计划programme['prəʊgræm]指定分包商nominated subcontractor不可抗力force majeure进度管理schedule management人力资源管理human resources management总承包管理general contract management 监理单位supervision unit国际惯例international practice预付款advance payment工期管理project time management成本管理cost management质量安全管理quality-safetymanagement风险管理risk management分部工程branch engineering分项工程subentry engineering竣工检验Tests on Completion安全措施safety measures现场数据site data保险insurance设计概算design estimate竣工结算completion settlement保函guarantee[,ɡærən'ti]履约performance[pɚ'fɔrməns]违约default[dɪ'fɔlt]施工作业construction operation台班one-shift工期控制time limit control工程量清单bill of quanities第11 页。

工程专业术语大全

工程专业术语大全1、建筑工程（building engineering）为新建、改建或扩建房屋建筑物和附属构筑物设施所进行的规划、勘察、设计和施工、竣工等各项技术工作和完成的工程实体。

2、建筑工程质量（quality of building engineering）反映建筑工程满足相关标准规定或合同约定的要求，包括其在安全、使用功能及其在耐久性能、环境保护等方面所有明显的隐含能力的特性总和。

3、验收（acceptance）建筑工程在施工单位自行质量检查评定的基础上，参与建设活动的有关单位共同对检验批、分项、分部、单位工程的质量进行抽样复验，根据相关标准以书面形式对工程质量达到合格与否做出确认。

4、进场验收（site acceptance）对进入施工现场的材料、构配件、设备等按相关标准规定要求进行检验，对产品达到合格与否做出确认。

5、检验批（inspection lot）按同一的生产条件或按规定的方式汇总起来供检验用的，由一定数量样本组成的检验体。

6、检验（inspection）对检验项目中的性能进行量测、检查、试验等，并将结果与标准规定要求进行比较，以确定每项性能是否合格所进行的活动。

7、见证取样检测（evidential testing）在监理单位或建设单位监督下，由施工单位有关人员现场取样，并送至具备相应资质的检测单位所进行的检测。

8、交接检验（handing over inspection）由施工的承接方与完成方经双方检查并对可否继续施工做出确认的活动。

9、主控项目（dominant item）建筑工程中的对安全、卫生、环境保护和公众利益起决定性作用的检验项目。

10、一般项目（general item）除主控项目以外的检验项目。

11、抽样检验（sampling inspection）按照规定的抽样方案，随机地从进场的材料、构配件、设备或建筑工程检验项目中，按检验批抽取一定数量的样本所进行的检验。

建筑专业英语词汇（U-Z）_建筑英语词汇

u bend u 型管u stirrup u 形箍筋ultimate bearing capacity 极限承载量ultimate bending moment 极限弯矩ultimate compressive strength 极限抗压强度ultimate design 极限设计ultimate design resisting moment 极限设计抗力矩ultimate factor of safety 极限安全系数ultimate limit state 极限状态ultimate load 极限荷载ultimate load analysis 极限荷载设计ultimate load design 极限荷载设计ultimate loading 极限加荷重ultimate moment 临界矩ultimate resistance 极限强度ultimate shear stress 极限剪应力ultimate shrinkage 极限收缩量ultimate strength 极限强度ultimate strength method 破坏强度设计法ultimate stress 极限应力ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉应力ultra high strength concrete 超高强度混凝土ultrasonic pulse velocity method 超声脉冲速度法ultrasonic sounding 超声波测深测ultrasound 超声波ultraviolet rays 紫外线umbrella roof 伞形屋顶unbalanced load 不平衡负载unbalanced moment 不平衡力矩unbonded member 未粘结后张预应力构件unbonded post tensioning 无束缚后加拉力unbonded tendon 未粘合的预应力钢筋unbuilt area 未建区unburnt brick 未烧透砖uncased pile 无壳套桩unconfined groundwater 非承压地下水uncontrolled ventilation 无控制通风uncoursed rubble masonry 乱砌毛石under river tunnel 河底隧道underbed 底架underbrush 小试undercoat 底漆undercrossing 下穿交叉underdrainage 地下排水underfloor duct 地板下管道underfloor heating 地板下供暖underfloor heating cable 地板下供暖电缆underflow 地下水流underground 地下underground car park 地下停车站underground concrete 地下混凝土underground construction 地下工程underground garage 地下车库underground palace 地下官殿underground pipeline 地下管道underground railway 地下铁道underground run off 排水暗沟underground shelter 地下防空洞underground structures 地下构造物underground tank 地下储罐underground water 地下水underground water head 地下水水头underlayer 垫层underpinning 加固基础undersanded concrete 少砂混凝土混合料underwater concrete 水下混凝土underwater concreting 水下灌注混凝土underwater structures 水下结构undistorted ground 原壮土undisturbed sample 原状土试样undisturbed soil 原壮土undreground works 地下构造物undressed timber 未刨光木料unframed door 无骨架门扇unglazed tile 滞光瓷砖ungrading 筛分析unhardened concrete 未硬结混凝土uniform beam 等截面粱uniform grading 均匀粒径uniform load 均匀荷载uniform settlement 均匀沉陷uniform stress 均布应力uniformity 均匀性uniformly distributed load 均布载荷union 管接头union flange 管接法兰unique construction 特种结构unit 单位unit air conditioner 单位空气第机unit air heater 空气加热机组unit area 单位面积unit construction 构件组合unit cooler 单位冷却机组unit cost 单价unit deformation 单位变形unit generalized load 广义单位荷载unit heater 热风机unit lateral strain 单位横向应变unit load 单位荷载unit of area 面积单位unit pressure 单位压力unit producing yard 部件预制场unit strain 单位应变unit volume expansion 单位体积膨胀unloaded chord 不载荷弦unprotected metal construction 无保护层金属构造unrammed spread concrete 未夯实混凝土unreactive aggregate 惰性集料unreinforced concrete 无钢筋混凝土unrestrained member 无约束部件unset concrete 未凝结混凝土unsound aggregate 劣质骨料unsound cement 不坚固水泥unsound plaster 劣质不安定灰泥unstability 不稳定性unstable ground 不稳定地面unstable soil 不安定土壤unsteamed concrete 非蒸养混凝土unstiffened member 未加劲构件unsymmetrical beam 不对称梁unsymmetrical bending 不对称弯曲untensioned reinforcement 无受力钢筋unusual structure 异常结构unworkable concrete 难灌筑混凝土up feed heating system 上给下分式供暖系统up ligthing 向上照明up to date technics 现代化的技术upkeep cost 维持费uplift pressure 浮力upper chord 上弦杆upper layer 上层upper reinforcement 上部钢筋upper yield point 上屈服点upright 立柱upright course 竖立砌层upstanding beams slab 上肋形板urban area 城市地区urban art 城市美术urban center 市中心区urban communications 城市交通urban community 城市居住区urban conservation 市区保存urban construction 城市工程urban decoration 市区装饰urban development 城市发展urban dwelling 市区住宅urban environment 城市环境urban form 城市形式urban freeway 城市高速道路urban growth 市区扩展urban hygiene 市区卫生urban morphology 城市形态urban park 市区公园urban patteren 城市形式urban planning 城镇规划urban renewal 市区改建urban sprawl 城市扩展urbanist 城市规划者urinal 小便器usable floor area 可用地板面积use 使用use district 特殊建设区域useful capacity 有效容量useful cross section 有效截面useful load 有效荷载usefull space 有效空间utensil sink 厨房用洗涤盆utilities 城市管理服务行业utility core 公用事业中心utility gas 日用煤气utility shaft 工程设施网用竖井utility structures 公用事业建筑utilization 利用v beam sheeting v 形截面钢护墙板v brick v 形砖v joint v 形缝vacancy area 空地vacuum 真空vacuum concrete 真空混凝土vacuum core 真空采样器vacuum dewatering plant 真空脱水装置vacuum filter 真空过滤机vacuum filtration 真空过滤vacuum form 真空模板vacuum heating system 真空加热系统vacuum lifting equipment 真空提升设备vacuum mat 真空吸垫vacuum method wellpoint 真空预压法井点vacuum mold 真空模板vacuum pad 真空垫vacuum treated concrete 真空处理混凝土valley 谷valley breeze 谷风valley gutter 斜沟槽valley jack 屋顶斜构处撑杆valley rafter 屋顶斜构处椽valley roof 带斜沟屋顶value 值valve 阀valve bag 自封袋vanishing point 灭点vapor 汽vapor lock 汽封vaporization 蒸发vapour 汽variable air volume system 可变空气量系统variable concentrated load 可变集中荷载variable furniture 可变家具variation 变化varnish 清漆varnish brush 清漆刷varnish color 清漆涂料varnish paint 清漆涂料varying load 变动负荷vault 穹窿vault abatment 穹窿支座vault bay 拱顶跨度vault construction 拱顶结构vault rib 穹窿拱肋vault thrust 穹窿推力vaulting tile 穹形中空陶瓷块vav system 可变空气量系统vebe apparatus 贝氏振动式稠度计vector 失量vee gutter v形排水槽vehicle 运输工具;媒液velocity 速度veneer 胶合板veneer partition 镶板间壁veneer tie 镶面板系材veneered construction 贴面结构veneered door 镶胶合板veneered plywood 饰面胶合板veneered wall 镶面墙vent sash 楣窗vent shaft 通风井vented form 有通气孔模板ventilating duct 通风管道ventilating pipe 通气管ventilating shaft 通风井ventilating skylight 通风天窗ventilation 换气ventilation brick 通风砖ventilation cavity 通风穴ventilation heat loss 通风热损失ventilation installation 通风装置ventilation load 换气负荷ventilation opening 通风口ventilation plant room 通风装置室ventilation rate 换气次数ventilation system 通风系统ventilator 送风机ventlight 楣窗veranda 阳台verdurization 绿化verge board 挡风板verge cutter 边缘切割机verge fillet 檐口瓦嵌条vermex concrete 隔声混凝土vermiculite aggregate 蛭石骨料vermiculite concrete 蛭石混凝土vermiculite mortar 蛭石灰浆vertex 顶点vertical alignment 竖向定线vertical bar 竖杆vertical displacement 垂直位移vertical links 垂直连杆vertical meeting rail 窗扇盖缝条vertical pivoting window 竖轴转窗vertical plan 垂直面图vertical sash 竖拉窗vertical shoring 托换基础vertical sliding window 竖拉窗vertical strip door 垂直条幅木板门vertical ties 垂直系材vertical tiling 竖墙贴砖vertical web member 垂直桁材very light aggregate concrete 特殊轻质骨料混凝土very light concrete 特殊轻质混凝土vessel 容器vest pocket park 小型公园vestibule 门厅vets housing 老手住宅viaduct 高架桥vibrated concrete 振实混凝土vibrating beam 震捣梁vibrating chute 抖动式滑槽vibrating circular pipe line circular 振动输送管vibrating conveyor 振动式输送机vibrating float 振动抹子vibrating grizzly 振动筛vibrating mold 振动模vibrating pebble mill 振动砾磨机vibrating plate 振动板vibrating roller 振动辊vibrating screed 震捣梁vibrating screen 振动筛vibrating stressing bed 振动张拉台座vibrating table 振动台vibrating tamper 振动压实机vibration 振动vibration control 振动控制vibration isolation 振动控制vibration limit 振动限度vibrator 振动器vibrator cylinder 圆筒振捣器vibratory bullfloat 振动抹子vibratory compactor 振动压实机vibratory pile hammer 振动打桩机vibratory spiral elevator 振动螺旋升降机vibro driver 振动打桩机vibrofinisher 振动轧平机vibrofloat machine 振浮压实器vibroflotation soil compaction 振浮压实土壤vibrolithic concrete 分割浇注混凝土vibromill 振动磨vibromold 振动模vibropile 振动灌注桩vibropiling 振动打桩vibroplatform 振动台vibroroller 振动滚轧vibrorolling 振动压延vibrosieve 振动筛vibrotrunk 振动滑槽vice 虎钳vierendeel girder 带上下桁条的梁view 情景villa 别墅village 乡村vinyl asbestostiles 石棉尸铺板vinyl tiles 乙烯基板viscoelastic strain 粘弹性变形viscometer 粘度计viscosity 粘度viscosity factor 粘度系数visibility 能见度visibility factor 视度系数vision 视界visionproof glass 毛玻璃vista 远景visual concrete 外露混凝土vitrified brick 玻璃砖void 空隙void cement ratio 隙灰比void filler 填隙料void formers 制孔机void pockets 气窝voids 空隙voids content 孔隙含量voids ratio 空穴系数voids volume 孔隙体积volcano 火山volt 伏特voltage 电压voltmeter 电压电量计volume 容积volume batcher 按体积比配料器volume batching 按体积比配合volume expansion 体积膨胀volume ratio 容积比volumetric analysis 容积分析volumetric batch plant 容积计量设备volumetric batcher 按体积比配料器volumetric change 体积变化vortex 涡旋vortex air supply panel 旋涡空气分配板vortex reactor 涡动反应器vortex tube 涡淋voussoir 拱楔块voussoir arch 楔形块拱wa ce cretor 水灰计量装置waffle slab 格子板wages 工资wagner fineness 瓦格纳细度wagon 货车wagon ceiling 拱形顶棚wainscot 护壁镶板waisted specimen 缩腰的试件waiting room 等待室walk up building 无电梯的公寓walked on roof covering 有步行道的屋顶walks 搭板walkway 跳板wall 墙wall absorption 墙吸水wall air conditioner 墙挂式空碟wall anchor 墙锚wall base 墙座wall beam 墙托梁wall bearing construction 墙承重的结构wall bed 壁床wall bracket 墙托座wall brick 墙砖wall cabinet 嵌墙绸wall chase 墙槽wall column 墙柱wall component 墙装配件wall crane 墙上起重机wall facing 墙饰面wall footing 墙基脚wall form 墙模板wall handrail 墙上扶手wall heatiing panel 散热墙板wall hung water closet 墙挂式自洗便器wall in trench 壕沟墙wall iron 墙上管夹wall line 墙外围线wall luminaire 壁照描备wall mounted heater 壁装式加热器wall opening 墙洞wall panel 护墙板wall paper 墙纸wall plate 承梁板wall pointing machine 墙勾缝机wall run 暂时的墙洞wall skin 地下室墙防水wall string 墙楼梯斜梁wall tie 系墙铁wall tile 墙面贴砖wall urinal 墙挂式小便器wall wash lumunaire 筑入墙的照眠wallboard 墙板waller's hammer 石垛工锤walling 墙wallpapering work 贴墙纸warm air curtain 热风幕warm air duct 热空气管warm air heating 热风供暖warm air heating unit 热风供暖装置warm water method 温水法warning system 警报系统warp 翘曲warren girder 瓦伦大梁warren truss 瓦伦大梁wash 洗wash basin 洗脸盆wash fountain 公用洗涤池wash house 餐具洗涤室wash primer 洗涤底漆wash water trough 洗涤排水沟washing and screening plant 洗选装置washing screen 洗矿筛washing screw 螺旋洗涤机waste disposal unit 废物处理装置waste heat 废热waste heat utilization 废热利用waste heating 废热供暖wasted energy 损失的能量watch room 警卫室water 水water air heating system 水气供热系统water basin 硫water bearing ground 含水地层water boiler 热水锅炉water booster system 加压装置water borne dumper 砾石倾卸船water boundary 水界water cement 水硬水泥water cement ratio 水灰比water circulation 水循环water closet 抽水马桶water conservation 水源保护water consumption 水消耗water contained in aggregates 骨料的自然湿度water cured concrete 水熟混凝土water curing 水养护water demand rate 水消耗定额water filled roof 充水屋顶water filled steel framed structure 充水钢框架结构water filter 滤水器water filtration plant 水过滤场water fittings 给排水管配件water front construction 沿岸建筑物water gallery 排水坑道water glass 水玻璃water glass color 硅酸盐颜料water glass paint 水玻璃颜料water hammer 水锤water hardness 水硬度water heater 水加热器water holding capacity 含水能力water jet pump 喷射泵water jetting 水冲法water level 水位water main 给水干管water management 用水管理water meter 量水器water monitoring 水监测water of hydration 结合水water paint 水性漆water pipe 给水管water post 给水站water power dam 水电站坝water pressure 水压water protection zone 水源保护区域water putty 防水油灰water reducing admixture 减水外加剂water reducing agent 减水剂water repellent facing 防水饰面water resistance 耐水性water resistance paint 耐水漆water retaining admixture 保持水外加剂water retaining capacity 保水能力water retaining structure 挡水建筑物water retentive portland cement 保水性波特兰水泥water service 给水water service pipe 给水管water softening plant 软水设备water storage tank 贮水箱water strainer 滤水器water supply 给水water supply engineering 给水工程water supply facilities 给水设备water supply fittings 给水管零件water supply network 给水管网water supply reservoir 给水用贮水池water supply scheme 给水系统water supply system 给水系统water tight concrete 防水混凝土water to water heater 水水加热器water to water system 水水系统water tower 给水塔water treatment plant 净水厂water treatment works 净水厂water tube boiler 水管式锅炉water vapor 水汽water works 自来水厂water works engineering 给水工程water/binder ratio 水灰比waterfall 瀑布waterline network 给水管网waterlogged soils 浸饱水的土壤waterproof agent 防水剂waterproof canvas 防水帆布waterproof cement 防水水泥waterproof concrete 防水混凝土waterproof construction 防水构造物waterproof mortar 防水灰浆waterproof paint 防水漆waterproof plaster 防水抹灰waterproofing 防水waterproofing admixture 防水外加剂waterproofing compound 防水化合物waterproofing course 防水层waterproofing emulsion 防水乳剂waterproofing felt 防水毛毡waterproofing materials 防水材料waterproofing work 防水处理waterrepellent cement 援性水泥waterrepellent concrete 援性混凝土waterrepelling admixture 援外加剂watersphere 球状水压式贮水器watertight core 防渗心墙waterway 水路watery city 水上城市wave 波wave erosion 波蚀wave force 波力wave generator 波形信号发生器wave impact 波浪冲击wave load 波浪荷载wave pressure 波浪压力wavy line 波形线wax 蜡wax emulsion 蜡乳化液way 道wc and bathroom unit 厕所浴室设备单元wc flushing cistern 冲洗水箱wc pan 抽水马桶wc suite 厕所套间weak concrete 低标号混凝土wear 磨耗;磨耗wearing course 磨耗层wearing layer 磨耗层weather 天气weather boarding 安装风雨板weather groove 泻水槽weather resistance 抗风化weather resistant concrete 抗风化混凝土weathering 风化web 腹板web member 腹杆web plate 腹板web splice 腹板搭接web stiffener 腹板加劲件wedge 楔wedge anchor 楔锚固装置wedge anchorage 插楔wedge of failure 楔形滑坍wedge valve 楔形阀wedging 楔固weigh batch plant 重量配料设备weigh batching 按重量配料weigh box 计量箱weigh hopper 秤料斗weighing apparatus 秤weighing batchbox 重量配料器weighing batcher 重量计量器weight 重量weight ratio 重量比weighted cement 重水泥weir 堰weld 焊weld crete 混凝土粘结剂weld decay 焊缝腐烂welded construction 焊接结构welded reinforcement 焊接钢筋welded steel structure 焊接钢结构welded wire fabric 焊接钢筋网welding 焊接welding arc 焊弧welding goggles 焊工护目镜welding helmet 焊工面罩weldment 焊件well 井well burned brick 烧透砖well cementing 钻孔灌浆well foundation 井筒基础well interference 井间干扰wet concrete 塑性混凝土wet consistency 塑性稠度wet construction 湿式施工wet mix shotcrete 湿拌喷射水泥灰浆wet mortar 湿灰浆wet screed 抹灰刮板wet screening 湿筛wettest stable consistency 塑性混凝土稳定稠度wetting agent 润湿剂wharf 码头wheel 轮whetstone 磨石white brick 白砖white cement 白水泥white lead 铅白white portland cement 白色硅酸盐水泥whitewash 石灰水whole brick wall 一砖墙wibdow fastener 窗闩销wide flange beam 宽翼缘梁wimble 手摇钻winch 绞盘wind 风wind bracing 抗风支撑wind deflection 风力偏移wind effect 风力影响wind girder 风障梁wind load 风荷载wind pressure 风压wind pressure coefficient 风力系数wind protection screen 防风板wind speed alarm 风速警报器wind uplift 风浮力wind vibration 风振windbreak 防风林winder 斜踏步winding 线圈winding machine 缠绕机window 窗window air conditioner 窗式空调window back 窗腰window band 带形窗window bar 窗闩window board 窗舌板window box garden 窗台花坛window butt 窗铰链window catch 窗钩window fittings 窗配件window frame 窗框window glass 窗玻璃window guards 窗铁栅window hangings 窗帘window head 窗框上槛window lintel 窗过梁window mullion 窗框的中框window opening 窗口window panel 带窗口板件window pier 窗间壁window reveal 窗帮window schedule 窗一览表window sill 窗盘window space 窗户玻璃面积window unit 窗单元window wall 玻璃墙windowless building 无窗房屋windward side 迎风面wing 耳房wing pile 翼状桩winter 冬季winter building construction 建筑物冬季施工winter building techiniques 冬季施工法winter concreting 冬季浇筑混凝土winter garden 冬景花园winterized concrete plant 冬季制造混凝土工厂wire 金属线wire anchorage 铁丝锚固wire brushing 钢丝刷清理wire cable 钢索钢丝绳wire cloth 金属丝布wire construction 钢酸构wire dam 石框坝wire fabric 铁丝网wire fence 铁丝栅栏wire glass 夹丝玻璃wire lath 金属网wire mesh reinforced concrete 钢丝网配筋混凝土wire reinforced concrete 钢丝配筋混凝土wire rope 钢丝绳wire rope sling 钢丝绳吊索wire tie 铁丝系材wiree gauze 铁丝网wireless tower 天线塔wiring 配线wiring diagram 配线图withe 烟囱隔板wobble coefficient 摆动系数wood 木wood block 木块wood brick 木砖wood cement concrete 木屑混凝土wood chipboard 碎木板wood chisel 木凿wood construction 木结构wood fiber 木纤维wood fiber board 木纤维板wood fiber concrete 木丝混凝土wood fiber slab 木纤维板wood fibered insulation 木纤维绝热wood fibered plaster 木纤维灰浆wood float 木抹子wood flooring 木地板wood flour 木屑wood frame construction 木框架结构wood frame house 木框架房屋wood laminated arch 木制叠层拱wood lath 木板条wood panel construction 木板结构wood screw 木螺钉wood stave pipe 木条拼成的水管wood structure 木结构wood wool 木丝wood wool cement slab 木丝水泥平板wood wool concrete 木丝混凝土wood wool slab 木丝平板wooden apartment 木质公寓wooden barrack 木质工棚wooden construction 木结构wooden door 木门wooden form 木模板wooden furniture 木制家具wooden shingle 木板瓦wooden turned baluster 精制木质栏杆小柱wooden weir 木堰woodwork 木制品woodworker's vise 木工虎钳woodworking industry 木制品工业woodworking machinery 木工机械wool 羊毛work as executed drawing 实测图work cubes 混凝土方体work in progress 过程进行中的工作work level 工捉台work progress 施工过程workability 可加工性workability admixture 增塑外加剂workable concrete 有和易性混凝土workable weather 做活适合天气worker 工人working 椎working area 工住地working chamber 工滓working crew 椎队working deck 工专working design 施工设计working drawing 工准working load 使用负载working load limit 极限工咨载working place 工住所working plan 工灼划working platform 工专working platform of a scaffold 脚手架工捉台working pressure 工坠力working range 工锥围working stress 工爪力working stress design 许用应力设计法working width 工醉度working zone 工坐域workmanship 工资量workmen's shelter 工人临时生活设施works 结构物works beam test 就地梁试验works cube strength 实际小方块强度workshop 工厂;修理厂wrench 扳钳x ray analysis x射线分析x ray examination x射线检查x ray intensity monitor x光强度检验x ray shielding concrete x线屏蔽混凝土x ray test x射线检查xunderground plant 地下工厂xylograph 木板画xylolite 菱苦土木屑板y branch y 形支管y junction y形接头yard 庭院yard drainage 庭院排水yard gulley 庭院排水沟year round air conditioning 全年式空气第yellow 黄色yellow ocher 羝yield 屈服yield point 怜点yield range 屈服区域yield strength 屈服强度yield stress 屈服应力yielding 屈服yielding ground 松软土地yielding support 可缩性支座yoke 轭状物young's modulus of elasticity 杨氏模量youth center 青年厅堂zenith 顶点zero end of survey 路线测量的起点桩zero line 零位线zero moment 零力矩zero moment method 零力矩法zero slump concrete 坍落度为零的混凝土zinc 锌zinc white 锌白zonal ventilation 区域通风zone 带zoning 分地带zoning plan 分区规划zoo 动物园zoological garden 动物园zoological park 动物园。

二建专业词汇总结重点词汇归纳

二建专业词汇总结重点词汇归纳二建专业（即二级建造师专业）是指从事建筑工程和土木工程技术管理的人员，通过国家组织的考试合格后取得的职业资格证书。

二建考试是经过多年积累和实践总结的，其中涉及了大量的专业术语和词汇。

本文将对二建专业的重点词汇进行归纳和总结，以供学习者参考。

一、建筑工程词汇1. 地基工程：土方开挖、基坑支护、地面处理等。

地基工程是建筑工程的基础，关系到整个建筑物的稳定性和安全性。

2. 结构工程：梁、柱、板、墙等承重构件的设计和施工。

结构工程是建筑物的骨架，主要承受荷载并传递到地基。

3. 建筑装饰工程：墙面、天花板、地面、门窗等装饰材料的施工和安装。

建筑装饰工程主要是为了美化室内和室外环境。

4. 暖通工程：供热、通风、空调、给排水等系统的设计和施工。

暖通工程是为了提供舒适的居住和工作环境。

二、土木工程词汇1. 混凝土工程：混泥土的配制、浇筑、养护等。

混凝土是土木工程中常用的材料之一。

2. 施工工艺：施工过程中的步骤、方法和要求。

施工工艺是保证土木工程质量的关键。

3. 岩土工程：土壤力学、地基处理、地下水处理等。

岩土工程是土木工程中处理土壤和岩石的专业领域。

4. 路基工程：公路、铁路等的路面和基础建设。

路基工程是交通基础设施建设的重要部分。

三、通用课程词汇1. 工程经济学：投资、成本、收益等方面的分析和决策。

工程经济学是进行建筑和土木工程投资评估的基础。

2. 工程管理：工期、成本、质量等方面的控制和协调。

工程管理能够有效地组织和管理建筑和土木工程。

3. 法律法规：建筑法规、安全生产法等建筑和土木工程方面的相关法律法规。

遵守法律法规是建筑和土木工程人员的基本要求。

4. 资料编制：施工图、质量验收记录、进度计划等相关的文档和资料的编制。

资料编制是建筑和土木工程过程中的重要工作，关系到项目的顺利进行。

以上仅是二建专业词汇中的一部分重点词汇，还有很多其他专业术语和词汇需要大家不断学习和掌握。

通过积极学习和实践，不断提升自身的专业水平，才能在建筑和土木工程领域中取得更好的成绩。

专业英语-隧道施工专业名词

隧道工程相关专业英语词汇隧道tunnel 隧道工程tunnel engineering 铁道隧道railway tunnel 公路隧道highway tunnel 地铁隧道subway tunnel ; underground railway tunnel; metro tunnel 人行隧道pedestrian tunnel 水工隧洞;输水隧道hydraulic tunnel 山岭隧道mountain tunnel 水下隧道subaqueous tunnel 海底隧道;水下隧道submarine tunnel;underwater tunnel 土质隧道earth tunnel 岩石隧道rock tunnel 浅埋隧道shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel ; shallow burying tunnel 深埋隧道deep tunnel;deep-depth tunnel ; deep burying tunnel 偏压隧道unsymmetrical loading tunnel 马蹄形隧道;拱形隧道horse-shoe tunnel ; arch tunnel 圆形隧道circular tunnel矩形隧道rectangular section tunnel 大断面隧道largecross-section tunnel 长隧道long tunnel双线隧道twin-track tunnel ; double track tunnel 曲线隧道curved tunnel 明洞open tunnel;open cut tunnel;tunnel without cover;gallery 隧道施工方法tunnel construction method 钻爆法drilling and blasting method 新奥法natm;new austrian tunnelling method 盾构法shield driving method;shield method 顶进法pipe jacking method ; jack-in method 浅埋暗挖法sallow buried-tunnelling method 明挖法cut and covertunneling;opencut method 地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method; underground wall method 冻结法freezing method 沉埋法immersed tube method 管棚法pipe-shed method隧道勘测tunnel survey超前探测drift boring 工程地质勘测;工程地质勘探engineering geological prospecting 隧道测量tunnel survey 施工测量construction survey 断面测量section survey 隧道设计tunnel design 隧道断面tunnel section 安全系数safety coefficient 隧道力学tunnel mechanics隧道结构tunnel structure隧道洞口设施facilities of tunnel portal 边墙side wall 拱顶arch crown 拱圈tunnel arch 仰拱inverted arch 底板base plate;floor 隧道埋深depth of tunnel 隧道群tunnel group隧道施工tunnel construction隧道开挖tunnel excavation分部开挖partial excavation大断面开挖large cross-section excavation 全断面开挖full face tunnelling 开挖面excavated surface围岩压力ground pressure;surrounding rock pressure 围岩变形surrounding rock deformation 围岩破坏surrounding rock failure 软弱围岩weak surrounding rock支护support锚喷支护anchor bolt-spray support锚杆支护anchor bolt-support;anchor bolt support 喷射混凝土支护;喷射砼支护shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support 配筋喷射混凝土支护;配筋喷射砼支护reinforced sprayed concrete support 钢架喷射混凝土支护;钢架喷射砼支护rigid-frame shotcrete support掘进工作面支护excavation face support 超前支护advance support 管棚支护pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support 胶结型锚杆adhesive anchor bolt 砂浆锚杆mortar bolt 树脂锚杆resin anchored bolt 摩擦型锚杆friction anchor bolt 楔缝式锚杆slit wedge type rock bolt 涨壳式锚杆expansion typeanchor bolt 机械型锚杆mechanical anchor bolt 预应力锚杆prestressed anchor bolt 土层锚杆soil bolt 岩石锚杆rock bolt衬砌lining整体式衬砌integral tunnel lining;integral lining 拼装式衬砌precast lining 组合衬砌composite lining挤压混凝土衬砌shotcrete tunnel lining ; extruding concrete tunnel lining 混凝土衬砌;砼衬砌concrete lining 喷锚衬砌shotcrete and bolt lining;shotcrete bolt lining隧道通风tunnel ventilation施工通风construction ventilation运营通风operation ventilation机械通风mechanical ventilation自然通风natural ventilation隧道射流式通风efflux ventilation for tunnel ;tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation 隧道通风帘幕curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain 通风设备ventilation equipment隧道照明tunnel illuminationtunnel lighting照明设备lighting equipment隧道防水tunnel waterproofing;waterproofing of tunnel防水板waterproofing board;waterproof board;waterproof sheet防水材料waterproof material隧道排水tunnel drainage排水设备drainage facilites隧道病害tunnel defect衬砌裂损lining split;隧道漏水water leakage of tunnel;tunnel leak坍方landslide;slip地面塌陷land yielding涌水gushing water隧道养护tunnel maintenance堵漏leaking stoppage注浆grouting化学注浆chemical grouting防寒cold-proof整治regulation限界检查clearance examination;checking of clearance;clearance check measurement 隧道管理系统tunnelling management system 隧道环境tunnel environment隧道试验;隧道实验tunnel test试验段;实验段test section隧道监控量测;隧道监控测量tunnel monitoring measurement 收敛convergence隧道安全tunnel safety隧道防火tunnel fire proofing火灾fire hazard 消防fire fighting 隧道防灾设施tunneldisaster prevention equipment; tunnel anti-disaster equipment 报警装置;报警器alarming device;warning device 通过隧道passing tunnel 避车洞refuge hole 避难洞;避车洞refugerecess;refuge hole电气化铁道工程; 电气化铁路工程electrified railway construction直流电气化铁道dc electrified railway交流电气化铁道;交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway 低频电气化铁道low frequency electrified railway 工频电气化铁路industry frequency electrified railway 电压制voltage system电流制current system。

隧道工程期末考复习重点-第三版-朱永全宋玉香-石家庄铁道大学

第一章隧道的分类：按地质条件：土质隧道和石质的隧道。

按埋置深度：浅埋和深埋按位置：山岭隧道、水底隧道、城市隧道按用途,分为交通隧道(1、铁路隧道2、公路隧道3、水底隧道4、地下铁道5、航运隧道6、人行地道）、水工隧道(1、引水隧道2、尾水隧道3、导流隧道或泄洪隧道4、排沙隧道）、市政隧道（1、给水隧道2、污水隧道3、管道隧道4、线路隧道5、人防隧道）、矿山隧道（1、运输巷道2、给水巷道3、通风巷道）第二章岩体的基本工程性质：1、岩体处于一定的天然应力作用之下（重力应力场和构造应力场）；2、岩体物理力学性质的不均匀性（相同的天然岩体其物理力学性质随在岩体中所测点的空间位置不同而有差异，呈现出岩体的不均匀性）；3、岩体是由结构面分割的多裂隙体（结构面分为：原生结构面、构造结构面、次生结构面)；4、岩体具有各向异性;5、岩体具有可变性；6、单向应力状态下岩石的变形特征；7、三轴压缩下岩石的强度和变形特征;8、裂隙岩体的强度性质地应力：任何物体均受着地心引力的作用,因而处于受力状态之中。

对于地壳岩体来说,他经历了长期的地壳运动，自然处于更为复杂的受力状态.这种应力状态是指岩体在天然状态下所具有的内在应力，可称之为岩体的初始应力，也叫地应力.围岩：是指隧道开挖后其周围产生应力重分布范围内的岩体,或指隧道开挖后对其稳定性产生影响的那部分岩体围岩分级目的：作为选择施工方法的依据;进行科学管理及正确评价经济效益；确定结构上的荷载；给出衬砌结构的类型及其尺寸；制定劳动定额、材料消耗标准的基础。

围岩分级依据：1、准确客观，有定量指标,尽量减少因人而异的随机性;2、便于操作使用，适于一般勘测单位所具备的技术装备水平;3、最好在挖开地面前得到结论.围岩分级方法：1、以岩石强度或岩石的物理指标为代表的分级方法（以岩石强度为基础的分级方法、以岩石的物理指标为基础的分级方法）2、以岩体构造、岩体特征为代表的分级方法(泰沙基分级法、以岩体综合物性为指标的分级方法）3、余地质勘探手段相联系的分级方法（按弹性波(纵波）速度的分级方法、以岩石质量为指标的分级方法（RQD方法））所谓的岩石质量指标RQD是指钻探时岩芯复原率，或称岩芯采取率。

铁路专业词汇字典

1通类电气装置
2铁道工程建设客车及铁路用车
铁路新线建设货车及特种车
铁路勘测车辆性能及特性参数
铁路选线车辆检修
路基工程6铁道运输管理与运输经济
桥涵工程铁路运价综合
隧道工程铁路客运组织
施工计划及施工组织铁路货运组织
施工机械铁路行车组织
施工安全与质量铁路站场与枢纽
3铁道工务铁路集装箱、托盘及运输包装工务机构与工种铁路装卸
线路及其养护铁路运输安全
道岔铁路运输经济
线路机构与机具7铁道通信
路基养护铁道通信综合
桥隧养护长途通信
房屋维修地区通信
4铁道牵引动力地段站场通信
牵引动力综合光纤通信
牵引与制动无线通信
机车运用与维修电报、数据通信
电力机车8铁道信号
内燃机车铁道信号综合
蒸汽机车信号
电力牵引供电连锁
燃气轮机车与磁悬浮列车闭塞
5铁道车辆驼峰
铁道车辆综合机车信号与列车自动控制
车辆各大系统道口、桥梁、隧道的防护设备制动装置摇控、通信、遥测
车体控制、监测与基础设备
车钩缓冲信号设备的运营与维修
采暖、通风、空调、冷藏、给水装置。

土木工程英语证书(PEC)考试-隧道专业术语

土木工程英语证书(PEC)考试-隧道专业术语隧道工程tunnel engineering,隧道tunnel,铁路隧道;铁道隧道railway tunnel,公路隧道highway tunnel,地铁隧道subway tunnel;underground railway tunnel;metro tunnel,人行隧道pedestrian tunnel,水工隧洞;输水隧道hydraulic tunnel,山岭隧道mountain tunnel,水下隧道subaqueous tunnel,海底隧道;水下隧道submarine tunnel;underwater tunnel,土质隧道earth tunnel,岩石隧道rock tunnel,浅埋隧道shallow tunnel;shallow-depth tunnel;shallow burying tunnel,深埋隧道deep tunnel;deep-depth tunnel;deep burying tunnel,偏压隧道unsymmetrical loading tunnel,马蹄形隧道;拱形隧道horse-shoe tunnel;arch tunnel,圆形隧道circular tunnel,矩形隧道rectangular section tunnel,大断面隧道largecross-section tunnel,长隧道long tunnel,双线隧道twin-track tunnel;double track tunnel,曲线隧道curved tunnel,明洞open tunnel;open cut tunnel;tunnel without cover;gallery,隧道勘测tunnel survey,超前探测drift boring,工程地质勘测;工程地质勘探engineering geological prospecting,隧道测量tunnel survey,施工测量construction survey,断面测量section survey,隧道设计tunnel design,隧道断面tunnel section,安全系数safety coefficient,隧道力学tunnel mechanics,隧道结构tunnel structure,隧道洞口设施facilities of tunnel portal,边墙side wall,拱顶arch crown,拱圈tunnel arch,仰拱inverted arch,底板base plate;floor,隧道埋深depth of tunnel,隧道群tunnel group,隧道施工tunnel construction,隧道开挖tunnel excavation,分部开挖partial excavation,大断面开挖large cross-section excavation,全断面开挖full face tunnelling,开挖面excavated surface,隧道施工方法tunnel construction method,钻爆法drilling and blasting method,新奥法natm;new austrian tunnelling method,盾构法shield driving method;shield method,顶进法pipe jacking method;jack-in method,浅埋暗挖法sallow buried-tunnelling method,明挖法cut and cover tunneling;open cut method,地下连续墙法underground diaphragm wall method;underground wall method, 冻结法freezing method,沉埋法immersed tube method,管棚法pipe-shed method,综合机械化掘进comprehensive mechanized excavation,辅助坑道auxiliary adit;service gallery,平行坑道parallel adit,竖井shaft,斜井sloping shaft;inclined shaft,导坑heading,衬砌工艺lining process,喷锚;锚喷anchor bolt spray;anchor bolt-spray,管段tube section,接缝joint,地层加固reinforcing of natural ground,弃碴ballast piling,施工监控construction monitor control,超挖overbreak,欠挖underbreak,施工进度construction progress,隧道贯通tunnel holing-through,工期work period,隧道施工机械tunnel construction machinery,隧道掘进机tunnelling machine;tunnel boring machine;tbm,单臂掘进机single cantilever tunnelling machine,全断面掘进机full face tunnel boring machine,隧道钻眼爆破机械machine for tunnel drilling and blasting operation,装碴运输机械loading-conveying ballast equipment,衬砌机械lining mechanism,钢模板steel form,模板台车formworking jumbo,混凝土喷射机;砼喷射机concrete sprayer,盾构shield,泥水盾构slurry shield,气压盾构air pressure shield,挤压闭胸盾构shotcrete closed shield,土压平衡盾构soil pressure balancing shield,注浆机械grouting machine,凿岩机rock drilling machine;air hammer drill,凿岩台车drill jumbo;rock drilling jumbo,围岩surrounding rock,围岩分类surrounding rock classification,围岩加固surrounding rock consolidation,围岩稳定surrounding rock stability,围岩应力surrounding rock stress,围岩压力pressure of surrounding rock,山体压力;围岩压力ground pressure;surrounding rock pressure,围岩变形surrounding rock deformation,围岩破坏surrounding rock failure,软弱围岩weak surrounding rock,支护support,锚喷支护anchor bolt-spray support,锚杆支护anchor bolt-support;anchor bolt support,喷射混凝土支护;喷射砼支护shotcrete support;sprayed concrete support,配筋喷射混凝土支护;配筋喷射砼支护reinforced sprayed concrete support, 钢架喷射混凝土支护;钢架喷射砼支护rigid-frame shotcrete support,掘进工作面支护excavation face support,超前支护advance support,管棚支护pipe-shed support;pipe roofing support,胶结型锚杆adhesive anchor bolt,砂浆锚杆mortar bolt,树脂锚杆resin anchored bolt,摩擦型锚杆friction anchor bolt,楔缝式锚杆slit wedge type rock bolt,涨壳式锚杆expansion type anchor bolt,机械型锚杆mechanical anchor bolt,预应力锚杆prestressed anchor bolt,土层锚杆soil bolt,岩石锚杆rock bolt,衬砌lining,整体式衬砌integral tunnel lining;integral lining,拼装式衬砌precast lining,组合衬砌composite lining,挤压混凝土衬砌;挤压砼衬砌shotcrete tunnel lining;extruding concrete tunnel lining,混凝土衬砌;砼衬砌concrete lining,喷锚衬砌shotcrete and bolt lining;shotcrete bolt lining,隧道通风tunnel ventilation,施工通风construction ventilation,运营通风operation ventilation,机械通风mechanical ventilation,自然通风natural ventilation,隧道射流式通风;隧道射流通风efflux ventilation for tunnel;tunnel efflux ventilation;tunnel injector type ventilation,隧道通风帘幕curtain for tunnel ventilation;ventilation curtain,通风设备ventilation equipment,隧道照明tunnel illumination;tunnel lighting,照明设备lighting equipment,隧道防水tunnel waterproofing;waterproofing of tunnel,防水板waterproofing board;waterproof board;waterproof sheet,防水材料waterproof material,隧道排水tunnel drainage,排水设备drainage facilites,隧道病害tunnel defect,衬砌裂损lining split;lining **ing,隧道漏水water leakage of tunnel;tunnel leak,坍方landslide;slip,地面塌陷land yielding,涌水gushing water,隧道养护tunnel maintenance,堵漏leaking stoppage,注浆grouting,化学注浆chemical grouting,防寒cold-proof,整治regulation,限界检查clearance examination;checking of clearance;clearance check measurement,隧道管理系统tunnelling management system,隧道环境tunnel environment,隧道试验;隧道实验tunnel test,试验段;实验段test section,隧道监控量测;隧道监控测量tunnel monitoring measurement,收敛convergence,隧道安全tunnel safety,隧道防火tunnel fire proofing,火灾fire hazard,消防fire fighting,隧道防灾设施tunnel disaster prevention equipment;tunnel anti-disaster equipment,报警装置;报警器alarming device;warning device,通过隧道passing tunnel,避车洞refuge hole,避难洞;避车洞refuge recess;refuge hole,电气化铁道工程;电气化铁路工程electrified railway construction,电气化铁道;电气化铁路electrified railway,直流电气化铁道dc electrified railway,交流电气化铁道;交流电气化铁路 a.c.electrification railway,低频电气化铁道low frequency electrified railway,工频电气化铁道;工频电气化铁路industry frequency electrified railway, 电压制voltage system,电流制current system。

【完全版】法语工程分类词汇

1、路基路面1）通用词汇项目projet工程；施工travaux cléen main交钥匙工程travaux de démolition拆除工程travaux de réparation高速公路autoroute国道route nationale省道chaussée de wilaya乡村道chemin rural小客车véhicule légère小货车（小型卡车）camionnettes公共汽车bus中货车（轻型载重汽车）camions légère中货车（重型载重汽车）camions lourds拖挂车semi-remorques，总平面plan de masse平面plan立面élévation剖面coupe（道路）平面tracéen plan纵断面profil en long横段面profil en travers视距distance de visibilité"停车视距（d）distance d'arrêt超高dévers桥隧工程（oa）ouvrage d'art重型车（辆）（pl）poids-lourd比例：échelle1：1000un millième（口语中可说成millième）模型（手工）：maquette透视图：perspective[尺度les traces et mesures伸缩缝joint护栏garde corps分隔墩séparateur béton交通量débit通行能力capacité隧道tunnel通风ventilation排风dilution照明éclairage供电alimentation électrique安全sécurité监控contrôle车流量监控contrôle de la circulation消防protection contre l’incendie长度longueur(厚度épaisseur宽度largeur计算书note de calcul工程纲要programme项目草案（ap）avant projet（项目）备忘录（dpc）dossier de prise en considération土地使用规划（pos）@plan d'occupation des sols半径r rayon r（r）紧急呼叫系统（rau）réseau d'appel d'urgence公共交通（公交）（tc）transports collectifs设计车速vitesse de référence （vr）a型道路/具有高速路特征的道路voie de typa a / voie àcaractéristique autoroutièreu型道路/不具有高速路特征的道路|voie de typa u/ voie ànon caractéristique autoroutière 城市快速道路voie rapide urbaine （vru）工业区zone industrielle （zl）过境运输trafic de transit安全防护栏glissière集散型立体交叉diffuseur结点型立体交叉noeud系统控制onde verte&年平均日交通量tjma封闭路section courante柏油路route asphaltée无交通指挥道路route (àcirculation) libre贸易路线route commerciale直航向route corrigée引[桥]route d'accès疏导高速公路route de dégagement丝绸之路route de la soie干线公路route de liaison岸边林阴大道route de ravage分隔行驶道路route divisée地方道路route départementale封闭道路route fermée临时便道route intérimaire无分隔带道路route non divisée—风景优美道路route pittoresque刚性路面公路route rigide弯曲道路route sinueuse高架桥route surélevée市区高速公路route urbaine双向行车道路route àdeux sens硬路面公路route àrevêtement dur专用道路chemin (de desserte, privé) ]引道chemin d'accès公用道路chemin d'intérêt commun铁道，铁路chemin de fer窄轨铁路chemin de fer àvoie étroite 电气铁路chemin de fer électrique侵入途径chemin de l'invasion人行道chemin de piétons导轨；滚道chemin de roulement\便道chemin de service近道chemin de traverse迂回路由chemin détourné土路chemin en terre林间道路chemin forestier马道chemin muleteer光程chemin optique大车道chemin pour cavaliers(农用道路chaussée agricole双向行车道路chaussée bidirectionnelle 拱形路面chaussée bombée集散车道chaussée collectrice让车道chaussée d'évitement人行道rue piétonnière单行街；单行线rue àsens unique人行横道passage (pour piétons, clouté)平交道，平交交叉口passage (àniveau, de chemin)直流式passage (à) direct进坞修理passage au basin天桥passage aérien过街人行道passage clouté水道passage d'eau缆绳通道passage d'élingues(液道passage de fluide卫星经过区passage de satellite重车通行passage des (poid lourds, véhicules lourds)换档passage des vitesses自动换档passage des vitesses automatique 有负荷换档passage des vitesses en charge无负荷换档passage des vitesses sans charge ￥鼻隧passage du nez公路跨线桥passage en dessus (route sur voie ferrée)海关放行passage en douane禁止通行passage interdit水道桥跨passage pour canalization上通道passage supérieur无看守十字路口passage àniveau non gardé【过零passage àzero2)路基、路面专业词汇路面相关车行道；路面；铺筑面chaussée f.路面结构类型structures type de chaussée路面设计手册manuel de conception des chaussée高速路路面chaussée autoroutière}面层couche de roulement基层couche de base底基层couche de fondation垫层couche de forme粘层couche d’accrochage透层couche d’impregnatzon行车道chaussée路肩accotement土路肩berme中间带plein central中央分隔带bande médane左路缘带右路缘带紧急停车带车道voie人行道trottoir…沥青bitume混凝土béton砾石grave轧碎砾石concassée直径diamètre防水面层chape étanch沥青毡chape souple loitumineuse累积的交通量trafic cumulé）表面层chaussée àfaible trafic层间接触条件condition d’interface沥青混合料bbsg模量module沥青碎石graves-bitume薄层沥青混凝土béton bitumineux minces排水性路面béton bitumineux drainant冷拌沥青混凝土béton bitumineux àfroid…沥青灌入式béton bitumineux cloutés计算年限内重载数量nplnombre de poid lourds pendant la periode累计当量轴载nombre d’essieux équivalents 乳化沥青émulsion de bitumes胶体物goudron purs改性沥青goudron modifiés液体沥青bitume fluxés、精制沥青asphalte (épuré, raffiné)真空精制沥青asphalte concentré溶剂沥青asphalte fluxé集料granulat旋转压实compactage àla presse àcisaillement giratoire 反射裂缝temps de remontée des fissures连续配筋混凝土bac沥青混凝土bb透水沥青混凝土bbdr薄层沥青混凝土bbma级薄层沥青混凝土bbma高模量沥青混凝土bbme轻交通路面沥青混凝土bbs特薄层沥青混凝土bbtmi级水泥混凝土bci》透水层cd（表）面层cs粉煤灰cvi级高模量沥青混合料emeii级沥青碎石gbi水硬性炉渣碎石gch水泥碎石gci石灰硅铝粉煤灰碎石gcv！水硬性结合料碎石gh材料等级gi和si粒状矿渣碎石glg预研磨矿渣碎石glp路用结合料稳定碎石glr未处置碎石（bi类强度cj级）gnt-grave non traitée(bicj)重组加湿碎砾石grh&沥青材料mb石灰水泥稳定粉土ltcc水硬性结合料稳定材料mtlhi级水泥稳定砂sci水硬性结合料稳定砂sh填料矿粉filleri级矿渣（预研磨）稳定砂sli(slpi)水泥混凝土路面chaussées en béton（粒料层couche granulaire天然碎石graves non traitées粉煤灰laitier综合稳定碎石graves-laitier-cendre volantes –chaux天然材料matériaux de chaussée non traites 火山灰粉煤灰gendre volantes hydrauliques 硅铝粉煤灰gendre volantes silico-alumineuse双轮车（2r）deux-roues夜间高峰期（hps）heure de pointe de soi 高峰小时交通量（td）trafic de dimensionnemen轻交通量faible trafic小汽车换算车辆数（uvp）unitéde voitures particulière轻型车辆véhicule léger （vl）/柏油碎石路asphalte macadam油灰沥青asphalte mastic天然沥青，岩沥青asphalte naturel电缆油asphalte pour câble石板路面chaussée dallée砖砌路面chaussée de briques木块路面chaussée en bois土路面chaussée en terre！焦油路面chaussée goudronnée富油路面chaussée grasse易冻路面c haussée gélive防冻路面chaussée hors gel便道chaussée latérale潮湿路面chaussée mouillée粗糙路面chaussée rugueuse狭窄路面chaussée rétrécie`柔性路面chaussée souple结冰路面chaussée verglacée硬面路route dure碎石路面公路route en gravier图例légende带band边缘bourrelet泄水口déversoir】轴线，中心线axe道路红线ligne rouge层couche钢筋acier砂浆mortier光面钢筋barre lisse螺纹钢筋barre en spirale混凝土béton钢筋混凝土béton armé素混凝土béton non armé后预应力混凝土béton armépostcontrainte 预应力钢筋混凝土béton arméprécontrainte 预制混凝土béton armépréfabrique防水混凝土béton étanche素混凝土béton non armé砾石沥青混凝土~béton asphaltique de gravillon标准混凝土béton standard现浇注钢筋混凝土béton armécoulésur place水泥ciment硅酸盐水泥ciment de silicate粉煤灰水泥ciment aux cendre volantes高强度水泥ciment àhaute résistance<早强水泥ciment àrésistance initinale快硬水泥ciment vapide传力杆goujons横向缩缝joint transversaux de retrait横向胀缝joint transversaux de dilatation模板支架coffrage交通量trafic retenu使用寿命durée de service）材料matériau路基相关（1）岩土名称岩石roche硬质岩石roche dure软质岩石roche molle极软岩石roche extréme molle砂sable/风化程度dégre d’alteration全风化alteration complete强分化alteration intense弱风化alrteration faible微风化alteration légère泥灰岩marne石灰岩calcaire白云岩dolomite）粘土岩（泥岩）argillites页岩schist砂岩grés砾岩congelomerate玄武岩凝灰岩集块岩basalt闪长岩diorite花岗岩granite伟晶岩pegmatite—辉绿岩diabase辉长岩gabbros板岩ardoise千枚岩serpentinite云母片岩mica schiste大理岩marbres片麻岩gneisis沉积岩roche sedimentaire!岩浆岩roche magmatique火山岩roche volcanique变质岩roche metamophique土壤sol粘土粉土argile砂（细砂、粗砂）sable中砂sable moyen细砂sable fin~粗砂s able fort河砂sable de rivière镁砂sable quartzeux级配砂砾sable et gravier àgranulométrie 塑性élastique线性的linéaire各向同性的isotrope均质的homogène《砾石gravier砾石质gravieleuse碎石caillou碎石质caillouteuse卵石漂石galet钙质结核concrétion calcaire钙板carapace calcaire泉华tuf calcaire（湿陷性黄土limon àtassement软土耕植土sol molle膨胀性岩土sol gonflantes盐渍土sol saumatre冻土sol gél（2）粘性土状态液限limite de liquide液性指数lndice de liquide|阿太堡界限limite de attenberg流塑liquide很软trés molle软塑molle硬塑raide坚硬trés raide（3）粗粒土密实度松散lache#中密consolidation moyenne密实consolidation dense极密实consolidation trés dense（4）土方工程主体pst层pst-partie supériere des terrassements 承台路床plate –forme路堤remblais路堑déblais…整平层rabotage de chaussée土层couche du sol路堤填料matériaux pour remblais填土sol remblai素填土sol remblai pur杂填土sol remblais mélange淤泥vase辅助auxiliaire【征地界limite d’expropriation土方量volume de terrassement借方emprunts弃方dépôts膨胀土层couche du sol de diatable砾质土，砾石料graveleux砾石，砂砾gravier砂岩grès|压实serrage钻探forage采掘abattage土方工程terrassement土方整平terrassement en surface试验报告rapport d’essayage勘察报告rapports des édudes石灰处理traitéchaux,石灰+水泥处理traitéchaux +ciment运输transport反滤层couche filtranle气候climatique最佳含水量teneur en eau optimum天然含水量teneur naturelle en eau料场gites emprunt土工薄膜géo membrane-土工布géotextile土工格栅géo grille挡土墙mur de soutènement驻地建设logistique du chantier工地实验室laboratoire de chantier工程准备travaux prépavatoires清理场地dégagement灌木清除débroussaillage)砍树abattage des arbres松土及压实scarification et compactage 路基土方与基层terrassements et couches de forme耕植土terre végétale耕植土清表décapage de terre végétale 被土的恢复与使用reprise et mise en service terre végétable |3、排水工程相关词汇水eau地表水eau àciel ouvert(eau de surface)侵蚀性水eau agressive地下水eau du sol （eau souterraine）降水eau de chute边沟、排水沟caniveau】排水沟canal de décharge路堑边沟caniveau de déblai暗沟（带盖板）caniveau courert涵洞圆管buse进口，上游amont出口，下游aval基础、地基、防水层radier石砌护坡perré》砌、修补maçonnes引水渠、渡槽aqueduc防冲刷无石基础enrochement急流槽arrivée descente水簸箕écoulement沟、渠fossé倒虹吸siphon renversé防滑块blocs brise chute~槛seuil墙mur翼墙mur en aile管运conduit纵剖面coupe longitudinale混凝土加固bétonné入口进口arrivée连接liaison!朝、向、在……里面dans涂层enduit表面的superficiel汇水collecteur水平面、基准面niveau梯子échelon栅栏grille保护层enrobage/混凝土砌块aggloméré入孔、检查口trou d’entrer排水drainage降雨强度和历时intensitéet darée de la pluie排水构造物ourages d’évacuation降雨量统计statique pluviométrique预埋管tuyau moyé干管tuyau principal【有盖板的边沟caniveau couvert雨水池bassin d’eau de pluie盲沟drain souterrain明沟caniveau àciel ouvert4、试验、检测相关词汇试验essay现场试验essai sur place室内试验essais laboratoire~土工试验essais géotechnique土工试验室laboratoire d’essais géotechnique 物理试验essais physique天然含水量teneur en l`eau密度densité干容重densitéàpoid sec容重densitéapparente干容重poids volumiaue séche）天然容重poids volumique比重densitérelalive粒度测定（筛分）granulométrie颗粒级配composition granulométrique颗粒分析（颗分）essais de tamisage粘粒含量teneur d’argiles筛分试验essais de sedimentation粉粒含量teneur de limon#砂粒含量teneur de sable砾粒含量teneur de gravel不均匀系数coefficente de hétérogénéité曲率系数coefficente de courbure相对密度densite relative阿太堡（atterberg）极限limites d’atterberg 塑限含水量limite de plasticite塑性指数indice de plasticité《液限含水量limite de liquide液性指数indice de liquide自由膨胀率taux de gonflement libre有机质含量teneur en matiers organique力学试验essais mécanique击实试验essai proctor击实试验理想状态标准值击实试验理想状态修正值*cbr试验essai cbr压缩（简单压力）试验essai de compression simple 压缩试验essai oedométrique压缩系数indice de compression压缩模量module de compression固结系数indice de consolidation前期固结压力(pc)press de consol压缩指数(ct)coeff de tassem》回弹指数(cg)coeff de gonfle直接剪切试验essai de cisaillement rectiligne三轴剪切试验essai cisaillement triaxial粘聚力la cohesion内摩擦角angulaire de frottement intern岩石单轴抗压强度试验essais de resistance àpression uniaxiale岩石抗拉强度试验essais de resistance àtraction岩石抗剪强度试验essais de resistance àcisaillement水质分析analyse d’eau水质简分析analyse d’eau simple水质全分析analyse d’eau complété侵蚀性分析analyse d’aggresivicité化学分析analyse chimique通过率passants'道路材料试验essais de materiaux routière沥青粘附性试验essai d’adhésivitévialit细度模数modale de finesse洛杉矶磨耗essai los angelesmd实验micro deval道瑞磨耗试验essai deval土壤压实性试验caractèristiques de compactage d’un sol]劈裂试验essai de fendage集料加速磨光值coefficient de polissage accélérédes gravillons车辙试验essai d’orniérage棱角系数coefficient d’aplatissement现场路面透水性试验essai au drainomètre de chantier空隙率pourcentage de vides!抗滑性能coefficient de frottement弯沉déflexion混凝土成分及最佳配比试验essai de composition et de résistance optimale de béton 亚甲蓝试验essai au bleu de méthylène采集场材料试验essai de formulation de tout-venant de carrière路梁偏斜试验essai de déflexion àla poutre…有机物含量试验teneur en matière oragnique（残留强度）试验essai durizedurize模数试验及直线性损失试验essais de module et essais de perte linéaire土质特性propriétéde sol压强单位（=100kpa）bars地基允许承载力（单位bars）qam度en degrés。

铁路工程部分名词解释

1. 衬砌指的是为防止围岩变形或坍塌，沿隧道洞身周边用钢筋混凝土等材料修建的永久性支护结构。

衬砌技术通常是应用于隧道工程、水利渠道中。

衬砌简单说来就是内衬，常见的就是用砌块衬砌，可以是预应力高压灌浆素混凝土衬砌。

二次衬砌和初期支护相对而言，指在隧道已经进行初期支护的条件下，用混凝土等材料修建的内层衬砌，以达到加固支护、优化路线防排水系统、美化外观、方便设置通讯、照明、监测等设施的作用，以适应现代化高速道路隧道建设的要求2.中心里程：无论公路、铁路的桥梁、隧道都是有里程标的。

有公里标，百米标。

它是从始发车站中心处量取计算的，如k204+200表示距始发站中心204公里零200米。

桥梁、隧道是有一定长度的，以桥梁、隧道中心点距始发站中心点的距离表示桥梁、隧道的里程。

也就是桥梁、隧道的中心里程3. “二衬”是坑道施工中的一个术语。

在坑道开挖时沿着掌子面向前开进，而其后已挖成的坑道四面则需要加固。

“二衬”即是指经加固后的坑道四周仍需继续二次加固来做的工作。

通常来说，根据围岩情况以及初支、二衬受力情况，隧道支护可以分为两种：1、初支完全受力，等围岩变形稳定、初支完全受力的情况下再施作二衬，这种方法也是一般理论和现阶段最流行的说法。

2、初支与二衬共同受力，这种说法基于围岩压力特大以及一些特殊围岩的特殊处理时用。

按照新奥法的深意，一般要等到围岩变形完成了再施作二衬。

4.仰拱是为改善上部支护结构受力条件而设置在隧道底部的反向拱形结构，是隧道结构的主要组成部分之一，它一方面要将隧道上部的地层压力通过隧道边墙结构或将路面上的荷载有效的传递到地下，而且还有效的抵抗隧道下部地层传来的反力。

仰拱与二次衬砌构成隧道整体，增加结构稳定性。

通俗解释为向上仰的拱，即右图放钢筋的地方。

仰拱为一般由钢筋混凝土结构。

仰拱的作用：与二次衬砌构成隧道整体。

防水，增加结构稳定性。

5.掌子面：是坑道施工中的一个术语，即开挖坑道（采煤、采矿或隧道工程中）不断向前推进的工作面，也可以叫做“掌(礃)子面” ，不是一个固定的面，开挖面有掌子面、边墙面和拱顶面，确切地说是正对着您的那个不断向前移动的工作面，英文叫heading6.环水保：环境保护、水土保持K是 kilometer 的简写，一般用在铁路竣工后的里程标示；DK对应指的是施工里程，即施工中使用的里程表示；YDK则是特殊铁路的标示，估计可能是右线的施工里程，即：Y是右的声母，这个我不是很确定，当然这个也不是死标准。

铁道工程技术专业《隧道简介1》

• 按隧道内铁路线路数分，有单线隧道、双线隧道和多线隧道等。
第七页，共八页。
内容总结
第一章绪论。广义定义：以某种用途，在地面下用任何方法按规定形状和尺寸修筑的断面积大于2m2的洞室。按不同的分类方式不同的分类方法：。1特长隧道： L>3000 m〔 L>10000m 〕。2长隧道：3000 m ≥L>1000 m 〔10000m≥L＞3000m〕。3中长隧道：1000 m ≥L>500 m 〔 3000m≥L＞500m〕。4短隧道： L≤500 m 〔 L ≤ 500m 〕。其它分类
按公路、铁路隧道长度
1特长隧道： L>3000 m〔 L>10000m 〕
2长隧道：3000 m ≥L>1000 m 〔10000m≥L＞3000m〕
3中长隧道：1000 m ≥L>500 m 〔3000m≥L＞500m〕
4短隧道： L≤500 m 〔 L ≤ 500m 〕按断面面积分 1特大断面隧道：断面积在100m2 以上
2大断面隧道：断面积在50~100m2 之间 3中等断面隧道：断面积在10~50m2 之间 4小断面隧道：断面积在3~10m2 之间
5极小断面隧道：断面积在3 m2 以下
第六页，共八页。
第一章绪论
其它分类
• 按断面形状分，有圆形隧道、拱形隧隧道、卵蛋形隧道、矩形隧道等；
• 按衬砌结构分，有直墙式衬砌隧道、曲墙式衬砌隧道等；
按所处的地理位置：水底隧道城市隧道
第四页，共八页。
第一章绪论
交通类隧道
水工隧道
按用途分类
市政隧道
矿山隧道
铁路隧道公路隧道
水底隧道

申报资质技术职称人员专业解释

建筑资质办理时，你需要知道——申报资质技术职称人员专业解释很多企业在准备建筑资质办理时都不是很清楚申报资质技术职称人员专业，以下是申报资质技术职称人员专业解释。

1．建筑工程施工总承包资质:结构专业：土木工程、工民建、结构、建筑施工、建筑工程，土建、房建工程、土木建筑。

给排水专业：给排水、建筑水电、建筑环境与设备、环境工程、管道工程。

暖通专业：管道工程、建筑环境与设备、环境工程、暖通、供热通风与空调、制冷与空调、水暖、采暖通风、暖通空调、公用设备安装。

电气专业：名称中含有“电气”、“机电”或“电力”的，发电、输变电、供配电、工企自动化、自控、建筑环境与设备、计算机应用。

2．公路工程施工总承包资质：公路工程相关专业：公路工程、桥梁工程、公路与桥梁工程、交通土建、隧道（地下结构）工程、交通工程，路桥、桥梁、桥隧、隧道、道路桥梁、公路与城市道路建设、土木工程（路桥方向）。

3．铁路工程施工总承包资质：铁道工程相关专业：铁道工程、桥梁工程、隧道工程、铁路线路、站场、路基、轨道，名称中含有“铁路”或“铁道”的，路桥、桥隧、高速动车组检修技术、高速动车组驾驶、动车组技术、高速动车组驾驶与维修。

4．港口与航道工程施工总承包资质：港口与航道专业：港口与航道、港口航道与海岸、港口海岸及治河、水工钢筋混凝土结构学、航道整治、港口规划与布置、港口水工建筑物、水运工程。

机械专业：名称中含有“机械”或“机电”的，汽车拖拉机运用与修理、焊接工艺与设备、汽车工程、材料成型及控制工程、工业设计、过程装备与控制工程、车辆工程、汽车服务工程、汽车运用工程、物流装备。

电气专业：名称中含有“电气”、“机电”或“电力”的，发电、输变电、供配电、工企自动化、自控、建筑环境与设备、计算机应用。

5．水利水电工程施工总承包资质：水利水电工程相关专业：水利水电工程建筑、水利工程施工、农田水利工程、水电站动力设备、电力系统及自动化、水力学及河流动力学、水文与水资源、工程地质及水文地质、水利机械。

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Hand rig 手风钻力矩扳手torque wrench静荷载static load 动荷载traveling load贯通（隧道的贯通）breakthrough松动爆破loosening blasting挂篮free cantilever格栅拱架steel arches (lattice arch)连通洞connection gallery (chamber)洞室(gallery; chamber, e.g. SOS chamber; EN chamber; PP chamber消防洞室)锚垫板anchor bearing plate锚筋anchor bars锚固体anchored body水泥净浆Pure cement mortar起始里程Starting Kilometerage防水板waterproofing board拆模stripping水沟电缆槽Drain ditch and cable trench单口掘进single-port tunneling全断面液压钢模衬砌台车full-section hydraulic steel-form lining jumbos正台阶七部开挖法heading-and-bench seven-part excavation method压注浆系统锚杆挂网喷砼支护pressure grouting system anchor rods with hung nets and sprayed concrete will be used for propping预裂、微震动爆破pre-splitting and micro-vibration blasting格栅锚杆挂网喷砼支护"Support with lattice girder, anchor rods, meshes and shotcrete "中壁法(光面爆破) middle wall method (smooth blasting)模筑混凝土moulded concrete注浆锚杆grouted anchor rods塑料导爆管微差毫秒雷管Plastic detonating tubes and millisecond detonator砼输送车concrete tanker长距离压入式通风long-distance blowing ventilation“套拱法”sheath arch method套拱段sheath arch section刷坡线sweep-slope line基底抗滑锚杆foundation base anti-slide anchor rods基础墙foot walls隔水粘土层claypan 人工打眼浅孔震动爆破manual drilling and shallow-hole vibrating blasting超前小导管、超前管棚"Advanced mini-ducts, advanced pipe shed"明拱暗墙法open-arch and hidden-wall method碎石盲沟gravel blind drains坡面浆砌网格预制块mortar precast grid blocks on the slope surface端墙式和倒削竹式(洞门) endwall- and reversely-cut-bamboo-type上部弧形导坑Upper arc-headings挂网喷锚支护"Support with meshes, shotcrete and anchor rods "“W”型水幕降尘器W-type water-curtain duster2#岩石硝铵炸药#2 ammonium nitrate explosive for rocks塑料导爆管非电起爆系统Plastic detonating tubes and non-electric detonation systems毫秒微差有序起爆millisecond sequential detonation钻孔台车drilling jumbo加强掏槽爆破enhanced undercut blasting周边光爆孔peripheral smooth-surface blasting holes 内圈眼Inner-Ring Hole掘进眼Tunneling Hole底眼Bottom Hole比钻眼数Specific Number of Drilled Holes比钻眼量Specific Length of Drilled Holes比装药量Specific Explosive Quantity扩槽眼Expansion Hole进口洞口段inlet sections出口洞口段outlet section管距pipe spacing外缘线the outer line坑道galleries带孔小导管perforated ducts外插角Extrapolation angle模数2.4 module 2.4孔口阀Orifice Valve钻进式注浆锚杆chisel-in grouted anchor rods水平仪挂钩式钢尺水准尺"Gradienter, Steel Rule, and Levelling Rod"断面间距Section Spacing断面里程section chainage无钉孔铺设工艺Tack-hole-free laying process模喷混凝土mould-sprayed concrete淋水地段water-tricking segments风量2400m3/min air-flow rate: 2400m3/min通风管Ventilation pipe衬砌作业面lining face顺坡施工constructed downhills集水坑collecting sumps引、填、越、绕"diversion, filling, overshooting, by pass"节理面裂缝Fissures on the joint plane拱脚skewbacks一次开挖进尺one-time excavation footage(路面为20cm厚C30混凝土)基层base layer.路面摊铺机整平机spreaders and eveners真空吸水工艺vacuum water absorption process.水平平缝顺边墙铺砌be laid along side walls with horizontal flat joints连拱隧道twin tunnel自然沟natural gutter双口施工to be built from double outlets边仰坡side and inverted slopes明洞施做open tunnel construction分离隧道：separated tunnel千枚岩中隔墙center separation wall中导坑center pilot tunnel正洞开挖Tunnel body excavation钻孔台车drilling jumbos风动凿岩机Pneumatic drill扒碴机slag-pushing machines正台阶开挖Heading-and bench excavation全断面开挖Full-face excavation隧道单洞single caves of a tunnel洞内爆破均采用塑料导爆管微差毫秒雷管光面爆破技术，周边眼采用小直径卷间隔装药。

正洞出碴采用侧卸装载机装碴"For in-cave blasts, the smooth blast should be practiced with plastic detonating tubes and millisecond detonators. For blasts of surrounding holes, small-diameter cartridges and alternate charging should be practiced. For slag clearance in tunnel body, side-dumping loaders are employed "喷锚Shotcreting and meshing湿喷机Wet-spraying machines 三臂凿岩台车three-boom rock drilling jumbos轴流式通风机axial ventilator先按设计要求修筑C25钢筋混凝土套拱作长管棚导向墙进行管棚施工"first build the C25 according to the design, and then build the guide walls for the long-pipe shed "台阶分部开挖法sectional bench excavation method进口管棚entrance pipe-shed上部弧形导坑upper arc-shaped pilot tunnel下台阶lower bench核心土core earth上弧导预留核心法upper arc pilot tunnel with core-reserving method挖装机excavation and charging machines正台阶法施工Heading-and-bench mehtod喷水水幕Water-spraying curtain地质钻机geological drilling rigs大管棚施工Large Pipe Shed开挖面后方的钢拱架steel centering at the back of the excavation face预支护体系pre-shoring system无水松散地层For water-free loose stratum双液水泥—水玻璃浆double-liquid cement and water glass mortar中埋式DW-5D止水带 Median-embedding DW-5D waterstop透水软管Permeable duct模喷混凝土Form spray concrete橡塑防水板rubber and plastic waterproof boards模筑衬砌Moulded lining仰拱大样板Inverted arch bulk samples岩质破碎带、褶皱节理等情况Geological fracture zone and folding浅埋地表shallow-overburden land surface成孔Hole-forming墩柱台"Pier, column and abutment"盖梁Coping桥面系Bridge deck预制安装队Precast & Erection Team1#梁场Beam Yard No.1分项工程Itemized works平地机graders坐台式设备Stand-type equipment主要工程数量Main Work山谷落差valley drop height挖土方Earth excavation挖石方Stone (rock) excavation路基挖方Subgrade excavation利用土方Utilization of earth挡土墙台背回填Backfill for abutment back of retaining walls桥涵台背回填Backfill for abutment back of bridges and culverts砂垫层、砂砾垫层Sand Cushion & sand-gravel cushion预压和超载预压Prepressing & Overload Prepressing内业和外业internal-business and external-business 调试与计量标定debugging and measurement calibration料场material yards填方路堤及挖方路堑filled embankment and excavated cutting半填半挖及填挖交界加筋路基、陡坡路堤路基、高路堤路基、错台路基及路堑高边坡路基"cut-and-fill and boundary reinforced subgrade, steep-slope embankment subgrades, high embankment subgrade, slab staggering subgrade and high-slope subgrade"改路、改河、改渠"The road, river and channel changing"进行交接桩Acceptance of stakes环刀法the cutting ring method爆破块度the lumpiness of blasting虚铺厚度Thickness of Weak Laying重型击实试验Heavy compaction Test深路堑边坡deep-cutting side slopes低填路基low-filled subgrade超挖或欠挖Overbreak or underbreak原地面线original groundline路槽trough反滤土工布包级配碎石inverted-filtering geotextile packets will be built with gravels横向渗沟Transverse sewers（horizontal纵向的）正好相反！护脚bankets高挡墙加筋路基High Retaining Wall Reinforced Subgrade两面三刀边Double-side and triple-edge borders 边口side opening平缝压槽工艺"the flat-joint, rolling-groove process"现浇砼Cast-in-place concrete骨架坑槽Pit for the skeleton坡率slope ratio三维植物网3D vegetation nets砂浆砌缝masonry joints钢筋骨架箍筋Rebar skeleton stirrups锚钉anchoring bolt培植土厚度depth of banking框架锚索Frame Anchor Cable桩身孔Pile body holes锚孔钻造Anchor-hole drilling塌孔缩孔Holes collapsing and holes shrinking固壁注浆处理Wall consolidation and grouting导向架guide frame单液注浆泵Single-liquid grouting pumps早期支护early shoringBureau 12-11部分：互通主线桥Main line bridge of interchanges匝道ramp路基填方Subgrade fill盖板涵和通道涵Slab culverts and passage culverts联拱Twin arch拱涵Arched culverts砼预制块Precasted concrete block边沟Side ditch季节性排洪沟或同属山区雨源型河流ditches for seasonal flood-draining or rivers of congeneric mountain rain sources.砂砾Sand and gravel平板拖车flat bed trailer墩台身及帽梁墩台身pier and abutment收尾配套工程Finishing and matching works灌砂法sand-filling method平地机精平Fine leveling with grader核子密度仪nuclear densimeters拖式振动压路机trailing vibration rollers水袋法“water- bag”method后张预应力砼空心板梁Post-tensioning prestressed concrete voided slab beams砼箱梁concrete box beams满堂红碗扣式满堂基础raft foundation 满堂支架full framing孔内不得放大炮blasting executed inside the hole should not be too forceful放坡开挖Sloping excavation大块定型钢模large-piece shaped steel form钢框胶合模板Steel-framed veneer forms分跨整体立模separate-span integral forms砼垫块concrete washers底板，腹板和顶板"bottom slab, middle slab and top slab."架桥机Bridge erector一联多跨的连续箱梁multi-span continuous box beam焊接定位网片Weld and position the meshes倒链reverse chains反拱reverse arches整平，收浆leveling and mortar clearing低松弛钢绞线Lower-loosen steel strand台后搭板behind-abutment approach slab现浇梁Cast-in-place beam二次衬砌Secondary lining厂制Factory-made伸缩缝Expansion joint自稳性Self-stability破碎带fracture zone周边收敛、位移Perimeter convergence and displacement湖北省十漫公路项目Hubei Shiman Highway project十漫高速公路Shiman Expressway承包人Contractor办公作业区Office and working area接头套筒Connecting sheath下脚料Bits定位架立钢筋Spacer bar围堰Cofferdam木笼Crib便桥Detour bridge土壤自动压实仪automatic soil compaction kit土壤液限测定仪soild liquid limit testing apparatus土壤液限塑限联合测定仪composite soil liquid/plastic limit testing apparatus 土壤含水量快速测定仪soil moisture content quick testing apparatus标贯仪standard penetrometer比重计hydrometer水泥流动度测定仪cement fluidity testing gauge万能试验机universal testing machine压力试验机compression testing machine混凝土振动台concrete vibrating stand千分表引伸计dial gauge extensimeter洛氏硬度计rockwell hardness tester沥青含量快速测定仪bitumen content quick tester沥青含量抽提分析仪bitumen content extraction anaylzer沥青延伸度测定仪bitumen extension tester沥青针入度测定仪bitumen penetrometer沥青软化点测定仪bitumen softening pint tester马歇尔测试仪Marshall testing apparatus石料加速磨光机rock quick polishing machine自动摇筛机automatic sieve shaker洛杉矶磨耗机Los Angeles rattler石料磨平机rock surface polishing machine应变观测设备strain (stress) observation instrument变位（位移）观测设备deformation (displacement) observation instrument预应力筋辅具、夹具prestressed bar spreading device and fixtures拱圈封拱合龙arch ring closing拱上结构砌筑spandrel structure laying劲性骨架浇筑拱圈rigid framework arch ring拱肋接头arch rib connector吊杆suspender系杆tie bar扣索knotted rope转盘turntable锚碇（梁）anchorage (beam)挂篮悬浇pouring with suspension basket抗风振anti-windshock拉索guy cables导爆管nonels毫秒雷管millisecond detonator周边眼periphery hole复合式衬砌composite liners石砌护坡stone patched slope protection护面墙facing wall挡土墙retaining wall抗滑桩anti-slide pile锥坡conic slope开挖excavation回填backfill路基土石方subgrade earth and rock works推土机单齿松动器single tooth ripper of bulldozer "钢楔, 大锤" "steel wedge, ram"模板forms支架falsework地界桩boundary stakes坡脚foot of slope路堑堑顶road cut top截水沟cut-off drain边沟side ditch护坡道berm取土坑borrow pit弃土堆spoil area勾缝和养护pointing and curing碎石路面crushed stone pavement砌体结构masonry structures零填及路堑上路床zero fill and ct upper road bed压实度degree of compaction路堤embankment上路床upper road bed下路床lower road bed上路堤upper embankment下路堤lower embankment弯沉值deflection纵断面高程profile elevation中线偏差centerline deviation平整度evenness横坡transverse slope边坡side slope经纬仪theodolite水准仪level gage平顺度smoothness层厚layer thickness碾压遍数passes of rolling高填方路堤high-filled embankment路基填、挖交界（纵、横）地段路堤填方"embankment filling at the function of subgrade cut and fill (longitudinal, transverse)"台背路基填土subgrade filling at the abutment back挖台阶、摊平、正型"benching, spreading, trimming"借方borrowed earth and stone土工布geotextile土工格栅geograte跌水与急流槽water drop and chute浆砌圬工结构mortared masonry structure喷播spray-seeding钢护手steel guards细集料fine aggregate护轮带（帽石）marginal strip (curb)土工带geotechnical strip锚杆拔力pull-out force of anchor rod三角网基点桩traverse points水准基点桩bench marks posts桥梁中心位置桩bridge axial line stakes气孔及夹渣gas holes and inclusions锥螺纹接头tapered screw joints丝头加工thread end processing通端螺纹环规through-end thread ring gauge止端螺纹环规stop-end thread ring gauge光面轴用量规plain axle gauge卡尺或专用量具caliper rule or specialized measuring device牙形、牙顶thread teeth and teeth top钢筋的套丝、弯曲threading and bending基桩foundation pile缓凝外掺剂retarding additive坍落度slump推钻冲抓rolling-push boring percussion grab boring含砂率sand content rate胶体率colloidal rate失水率water loss rate泥皮厚clay scale thickness静切力static shear嵌岩桩rock-embedded pile清孔cleaning of hole排架桩bent piles群桩group piles挖孔灌注桩cast-in-place concrete dug pile筛眼sieve size级配grading外加剂admixture防水剂waterproof agernt膨胀剂expansion agent引气剂air-causing agent减水剂water-reducing agent沸石粉zeolite powder砖坯粉silicon powder抗冻混凝土frost resisting concrete插入式振动器internal vibrator附着式振动器form vibrator不锈钢球型堵头stainless steel ball type bulkhead防撞护栏collision guardrail片石混凝土rubble concrete养生剂curing agent玛蒂脂mastic拱箱接头arch box connection倾角inclined angle经纬仪theodolite支撑梁strut beam桩基承台pile cap桩基系梁pile tie beam承台混凝土footing concrete重力式U型桥台gravity type U shape abutment肋板式桥台rib plate type abutment桩柱式桥台column type abutment薄壁式桥墩thin-wall pier十字型桥墩"""+"" shape concrete pier"箱型连续梁box continuous beam连续空心板continuous voided slab简支空心板simply supported voided slab拱上建筑spandrel construction钢筋混凝土板拱R.C. slab arch桥面板deck slab横隔板transverse diaphragm湿接缝混凝土wet joint concrete桥头搭板approach slab支座垫层bearing bedding course枕梁、抗震挡块"sleeper beam, earthquake-resistance blocks"拔丝模孔为盘条的0.9 the mould hole for wire drawing shall be 0.9 of the coil rod波纹管corrugate pipe锚圈female cone 夹片male tongs喇叭管trumpet-shaped pipe螺旋钢筋spiral rebar焊接welding张拉tensioning压浆grouting封锚enclosure concrete for anchorage拱肋arch rib扣架hoisting frame腹拱spandrel arch缘石curbs块石rubble ashlar拱石arch stone片石rubble角隅石corner stones镶面石face stones帮衬石backing stones腹石core stones楔块wedge blocks砂筒sand cylinder拱架centering喷射、抛丸sand or grit blasting漆面无淌滴、漆珠、微孔和发裂"without runs, beads, pinholes or crazing"热浸镀锌hot dip galvanizing coat焊渣weld spatter矿渣slag石油沥青油毡petroleum bituminous felt沥青玻璃布油毡asphalt glass cloth felt再生胶油毡recycled rubber felt纸胎油毡paper felt涂料防水层coating waterproof layer湿固型乳化沥青wet-solidified coating阳离子氯丁橡胶乳化沥青positive ion neoprene emulsified bitumen亲水性涂料hydrophilic coating板式橡胶支座laminated elastomeric bearings盆式橡胶支座pot type elastomeric bearings球形支座spherical bearings拉伸强度tensile strength扯断伸长率elongation at break脆性温度brittlenss temperature耐臭氧老化ozone resistance behavior抗压弹性模量compressive elastic modulus抗剪弹性模量shear elastic modulus热浇接缝填料hot poured joint filler针入度penetration拉伸量tensile elongation灌入稠度pour consistency失稠时间time of viscosity loss复原率restoring rate流动度fluidity热空气老化试验aging test in hot air粘结剥离强度binding and stripping strength耐水性增重率water tolerance weight increase rate 耐油污性膨胀率oil smear tolerance expansion rate 模数式伸缩装置module type expansion joint毛勒缝maurer joint异型钢special shaped steel管涵pipe culver倒虹吸管inverted siphon pipe竖井shaft帽石coping stone一字墙straight end wall八字墙wing wall跌水井drop well急流槽\消力坎chute \baffle sill盖板涵slab culvert箱涵box culvert沉降缝settlement joint蜂窝honeycomb麻面bug holes离析segregation坑洞pitting破角broken angle台身abutment台帽abutment cap梯坎涵trapezoidal culvert连拱隧道multi-arch tunnel小间距隧道small spacing tunnel分离式隧道separated tunnel分离式双洞separated twin tunnel明洞open-cut tunel仰坡frontal slope土路肩和碎落台earth road shoulder and the berm at foot of cutting slope浆砌片石mortared rubble masonry网喷混凝土shotcrete种植草皮turfing浮渣loose muck 危岩dangerous rock仰拱inverted arch拱架centering泄水孔weep hole砂浆勾缝、抹平"mortar pointing, trowel finishing" 弃方超运overhauling of spoil光圆钢筋plain round rebar带肋钢筋ribbed rebar钢绞线锚索strand anchor cable注浆小导管grouting duct浆砌料石mortared ashlar花岗岩贴面granite slab inlaid光面爆破smooth surface blast预裂爆破pre-spitting blast钻爆drilling and blasting早强剂early strength agent速凝剂setting accelerator喷射机shooter水箱water tank风包wind box注浆机grouter钢架支护steel frame propping斜井inclined shaft出渣spoil removal支撑bracing超前支护leading propping工字钢I-bar喷锚支护steel bolt support with shotcrete中空注浆锚杆voided grouted anchor rod格栅钢拱架grid steel centering自进式锚杆self-propelled anchor rod精扎螺纹预应力筋precise-rolled threaded rebar 片石混凝土rubble stone concrete埋板混凝土embeded plate concrete素混凝土plain concrete行人横洞洞门transverse gallery for pedestrians行车横洞洞门transverse gallery for vehicles断层破碎带fault fracture zone Shattered fault zone 始发launching "Launching, originating, initial activation"管片segment Duct piece反力架trust frame Counterforce rack泥水平衡slurry balance Mud-water balanced working conditions泥水室slurry chamber Mud-water compart风镐Air hammer air pick掌子面working face Tunnel surface套井caisson case Shaft guide-wall井筒pitshaft shaft盾构掘进机shield machine Shield excavator抵抗板Supporting board盾构(为盾构掘进机的简称因此拼法一样) shield 始发层launching stratum Initial stratum到达层arriving stratum Final stratum旋喷桩jet column "rotary churning pile, jet grouting pile"后配套设备backup gantry Auxiliarypost-equipments安装机erector Mounting plate推力千斤顶pushing jack Pusher jack推力油缸pushing cylinder Push action cylinder 衬垫washer Backing strap渗水量water seepage volume Water percolating capacity排泥泵slurry pump sludge pump静水Still water碴土muck Residue earth井身Shaft body刃脚Blade foot钢靴Steel-toed shoe垫架Skid beam涌砂sand gushing Sand boiling冒泥soil gushing Earth emission斜撑inclined support I nclined shore穿行架breathing frame Pulling on frame竖井shaft管片segment刀盘Cutter head盾构机shield模具Mould泥水舱slurry chamber始发洞门launching portal盾构始发反力架trust frame泥水盾构slurry shield复合式泥水平衡盾构composite slurry balanced shield造浆池mortar proportioning tank钻孔桩围护结构+旋喷桩止水帷幕drill-hole pile enclosure structure + jet column water-stopping curtain 外层套井caisson case内层沉井caisson套井井筒pitshaft of caisson case 套井承台制作→竖井的沉井部分制作及下沉→沉井封底→置换壁后泥浆→套井和竖井之间空隙用砼充填pipe cap of the shaft guide-walls→building and sinking the sinking-well portion of the shaft→bottoming the sinking well→replacing slurry behind the walls→filling the spacing between the shaft guide-walls and the sinking well with concrete竖井端头Shaft End旋喷注浆jet grouting碴仓muck chamber隧道出口管线pipeline of tunnel outlet每环管片each ring菠萝庙Bo Luo Miao江心洲Jiangxin Island珠江Zhujiang River水道waterway主航道main channel广州二环高速路大桥Guangzhou Erhuan Expressway Bridge强/中/微风化strong/medium/slight-weatheredPreliminaries 准备事项Preliminaries section 准备事项部分Preliminary item 准备项目Description 说明Ref 参考号Main Contractor Contractor 主承包商Employer O wner 雇主Engineer 工程师Exhibit A Appendix A 附件Aextension of time Delay 延期Provisional Sum 备用款leveling screed 整平板excavation 开挖backfill 回填grouting 灌浆default 不履行责任possession and completion Mobilization and completion 进驻和完工liquidated damage 已清偿损失费monthly statement 每月报表retention money 保留款Special Conditions of Contract 特殊合同条件General Conditions of Contract 一般合同条件Schedule of Rates Price list 价目表bill of quantities 数量证书Specification 规范Cash flow estimate 现金流估算Letter of acceptance Notification of award 中标通知书Structure General Report (1) Structure Construction General Description 结构工程总说明（一）Mat Structure Plan (1) Mat Reinforcing Steel Bar Arrangement Plan (1) 筏板结构布置图（一）筏板配筋图（一）Pit Section & Detail 地坑剖面及详图Column Plan 柱平面图2nd Floor Beam Reinforcing Steel Bar Arrangement Plan 二层梁配筋图Bracing Elevation Plan 支撑布置立面图Joint Detail (1) 节点详图（一）M1 Column Reinforcing Steel Bar Arrangement Plan M1 柱配筋图M1 6.3 m Level Frame Beam Plan & Reinforcing Steel Bar Arrangement Plan M1 标高6.30m框架梁平面整体配筋图Pipe Trench Pile Plan 管道地沟桩位平面布置图Pipe Trench Mat Structure Plan & Pipe Trench Top Slab Structure Plan 管道地沟底板结构图管道地沟顶板结构图Basement Wall Reinforcing Steel Bar Arrangemnt & Joint Detail 地下室侧壁配筋及节点详图Pipe Cap Detail & Part Column Reinforcing Steel Bar Arrangement Plan 承台详图及部分柱配筋图1-1~5-5 Section 1-1~5-5剖面图Roof Beam Reinforcing Steel Bar Arrangement Plan 屋面梁配筋图后浇带混凝土Post-cast band concrete Post-placed band concrete横道图Bar diagram Transverse line diagram网络图Network diagram斜道图Inclined line diagram单机试运行Single-unit trial run（混凝土）导管漏斗管Tremie超欠挖excessive or lacking excavation雷管脚线Foot rule火雷管Blasting cap钎尾Bit shank双液电动注浆机Two-fluids electric injector测角中误差Error in angle survey 边长中误差Error in traverse side length（个）测回Surveying round水平角Horizontal angle引测Stretching survey长边导线Long side traverse顶头（钢管用专用顶头顶进）Push bit毛面Rough face顺层Vertical stratum地表坍塌Terrene collapse接缝错开To offset joints挂线To hang string纵波波速Longitudinal wave velocity(栅格) 拱架Arch grids电毫秒雷管爆Electric millisecond detonator blast 刷方sweep volume串联cascade网孔（炮孔布置）Blast hole net组合钢模、立模"Composite steel form board, to set (erect) form boards"精密导线环Precision traverse loop精密大地四边形Precision geodetic quadrilateral导线闭合差Traverse misclosure容积升Volume measure针片状规准仪Needle-chip gauging device钢筋标准打点仪Rebar standard dotting device土壤比重瓶Soil gravity bottle (pycnometer)泥浆失水量计Grout moisture loss meter斜眼掏槽Angling snubbing hole???对拉锚杆Opposite stretching anchor bar过轨梁Overpass-rail beam精密导线环Precision traverse loop精密三角环Precision triangle loop测距精度Range accuracy串桶Tremietub潜孔钻机Down-the-hole drill徕卡TC1800全站仪Laika TC1800 All station gauge水泥药卷Cement cartridge截排水沟Intercepting dike and drain刷坡Sweep slope护拱Protection arch revetment arch盲沟Blind drain拱圈Arch ring坡度顺直Smooth and straight gradient大样板Bulk sample帽石Cap stone电毫秒微差导爆管Electrical millisecond detonating fuse圬工结构Masonry structure渡线Transit line拱座凿毛Arch seat chisel沉井: caisson Sinking well围堰Cofferdam平面控制测量网plane control survey net Horizontal control survey net贯通误差breakthrough tolerance Piercing error主副导线闭合环Primary and secondary traverse closure loop导线边长Traverse side length导线网Traverse net导线平差Traverse adjustment测量误差survey tolerance Survey error向角Angle of direction接(触)角 Contact angle延伸导线Extend leading wire导线点Traverse point引测Stretching survey短进尺Short footage超前防护Lead support protection框图Block diagram灌注、灌筑Pour暗洞Concealed tunnel明洞Open tunnel循环进尺Circulatory footage爆破器材Blasting device and materials坚固性系数Soundness coefficient间距Spacing间隔装药Spaced loading空气柱Air column引爆、起爆"Detonate, detonatoion"集束Cluster导火索Fuse跳段（雷管引爆）Skipping a period地震动Earthquake motion震波叠加Seism summed up串联Cascade钻杆Bore rod胶泥Puddle箍(缠绑) hoop麻筋Hemp cut会让（错车）站Lay-by station 增压泵Booster pump炸药库Powder magazine自养和大机养Self-curing and curing with machine护轮Pulley站前工程Pre-laying works工程指挥部Project Executive Office车站站场Station yard承发包合同contract of project contracting and awarding工务段Maintenance working team桥面柔护转（轮）轨Flexible rolling wheel验标Acceptance standard避车台Relief platform步行板Walking plate中复车站Zhongfu Station预支护Pre-supporting喷锚网spraying anchor net区间路基Section subgrade中铁隧道局二处"Erchu Co., Ltd. of China Railway Tunnel Group"铁道部隧道局China Railway Tunnel Group水泥砂浆Cement mortar地基Foundation base承载力Bearing capacity垫层Cushion摊铺Spread承载试验Bearing test预制Precast涵体Culvert body台帽stand and bonnet涵体Culvert body沉降缝Settlement joint防水层Waterproof layer基坑Foundation pit钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete内模Inner form外模Outer form摇头扒杆Standing derrick衬墙Chemise衬砌拱Lining arch基槽Foundation trench基础垫层Foundation bed框架涵Framed culvert圆形涵Circular culvert盖板涵slab culvert Cover slat culvert翼墙wing wall aliform虚土Virtual earth填土Earth filling电瓶车battery rail car Storage battery car 梭式矿车shutter tramcar Shuttle car转渣台Slag transshipping platform错车道Turn out lane模板台车template jumbo Form jackplane 仰拱invert Inverted arch风管Air duct洞内Inside tunnel栈桥Trestle道叉Switch轨枕Sleeper轨距拉杆Gage tie止水带water-stopping strip Water stop路堑Chasm排灌系统Irrigation and drainage system 放样Setting out地表水Surface water导线测量法Polygonal method导线测量Polygonometry导线边Traverse side水面高程Water-surface elevation石灰土Limestone soil片石flag Ragstone砂砾Gravel基座base Foundation bed预留Reserved承载能力Bearing capacity涵台Culvert stand涵帽Culvert bonnet铅丝Galvanized wire设计强度Design strength台阶式挖掘Bench excavation边仰坡Side inverted slope天沟gutter Rain gutter表层坡Top slope积土heaped-up earth Overburden layer风钻air driller Air drill张拉锚杆Stretching anchor bar桥涵Bridge and culvert下档墙Lower retaining wall超拱线Springing line暗洞Concealed culvert常规方法Conventional method 测量放线Survey setting out洞门Culvert portal明洞施工Open culvert construction通缝Straight joint拱背Arch back干砌Dry masonry乳化炸药Emulsified explosive炮孔Blasting hole楔形掏槽眼Wedge cut hole辅助眼Relief hole周边眼Perimeter hole底板眼Lifter hole单孔装药Charging per hole炮眼Blast hole雷管段数Delay of detonator钻爆Drill and blast掌子面围岩Surrounding rock of working face区段移交Section handover全站仪All station gauge轨轮叉车后翻式车装岩机Rail fork lift rear-dump mucking machine地材Local materials轨式钻架台车Rail-mounted drilling Jumbo边顶拱砼衬砌Lining of side / top arch底拱砼衬砌Lining of bottom arch全圆自行针梁式衬砌台车All-round self-propelled needle beam lining Jumbo导爆索Detonating fuse交接桩复测Job site turnover resurvey高压变电系统High-tension converting system临建工程施工人员Construction labors for temporary facilities电源终端Power-supply terminal中铁十三局集团有限公司"China Railway No. 13 Bureau Group Co., Ltd."营区Camp沟埋管开挖Excavation of embedded pipe洞身开挖Excavation of tunnel body底拱衬砌（含观测仪器埋设）Lining of bottom arch (including observation instruments embedding)洞口及沟埋管土石开挖支护Excavation and support of earth and rock for tunnel portal and embedded pipe检修支洞施工Construction of service tunnel支洞回填Backfill of adit支洞封堵Adit blocking临时便道Temporary access road沟埋管砼浇注Concrete placing of embedded pipe自卸车Dump truck履带式推土机Caterpillar bulldozer装载车Charging carriage履带式挖掘机Caterpillar excavating machine空压机Air compressor凿岩机Rock drill潜孔钻Down-hole drill污水泵Sewage pump压路机Road roller蛙式打夯机Frog rammer轨式钻架车Rail-based drill carriage轨轮铲车后卸式装岩机Rail fork lift rear-dump mucking machine转载机Transshiping machine轨式牵引机车Rail-based traction engine轨式出渣矿车Rail drag-out slag car空压机Air compressor凿岩机Rock drill轴流通风机Axial fan液压锻钎机Hydraulic jackmill风镐Air hammer污水泵Sewage pump降尘雾器Dust-setting tank电动多级泵Electric multistage pump照明变压器Illumination transformer轨式砼喷射机Rail concrete jetter注浆泵Grout pump汽车起重机Truck crane汽车平板车Flat bed trailer电动扭矩板手Electric torque wrench手动扭矩板手Manual torque wrench手动葫芦Manual chain hoist液压千斤顶hydraulic jack Hydraulic电焊机Arc welding machine气割设备Gas cutting machine平板车Flat bed trailer卷板机Lapping machine剪板机Clipper衬砌台车Lining jumbo 砼输送泵Concrete transfer pump轨式砼罐车Rail concrete tank car砼拌合站Concrete mixing station砼拌合站Concrete mixing station钢筋切割机Bar cutter弯筋机Bender弧焊机Arc welder气割设备Gas cutting machine附养式振捣器Attached vibrator插入式振捣器Push-in type vibrator灰浆搅拌机Mortar mixing machine灌浆机Grout injector地质钻机Geological drilling rig万能材料试验机Universal material testing machine压力试验机Compression tester石标准筛Stone standard screen砂子标准筛Sand standard screen砂浆抗渗仪Mortar anti-penetration instrument振动筛Jigging screen电烘箱Electric oven混凝土试模Concrete die setting砂浆试模Mortar die setting砼试件标养箱Standard curing box for concrete sample水泥稠度及凝结时间Concrete density and coagulating time台称Platform balance煮沸箱Boiling tank坍落度筒Slump cone位移计Displacement gauge钢筋计Re-bar meter应变计Strain gauge无应力计Non-stress meter测缝计Joint gauge人工采集计Manual collection gauge水位计Fluviograph流速测试系统Flow velocity testing system温度计Thermometer含砂量分析仪Sand content analyser经纬仪Theodolite全站仪All station instrument测振器Vibration meter水准仪Level gauge收敛仪Convergence indicator。

隧道工程及铁道工程专业词汇

隧道工程知识点

隧道专业英语词汇

土木工程专业英语词汇表

工程专业术语大全

建筑专业英语词汇（U-Z）_建筑英语词汇

二建专业词汇总结重点词汇归纳

专业英语-隧道施工专业名词

隧道工程期末考复习重点-第三版-朱永全 宋玉香-石家庄铁道大学

铁路专业词汇字典

土木工程英语证书(PEC)考试-隧道专业术语

【完全版】法语工程分类词汇

铁路工程部分名词解释

铁道工程技术专业《隧道简介1》

申报资质技术职称人员专业解释

隧道工程期末考复习重点-第三版-朱永全宋玉香-石家庄铁道大学