Simile
英语修辞simile
英语修辞simile曾文婷英本133 1320031301一、基本概念Simile(明喻)是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,与汉语的明喻相似,它指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作对比,表明本体和喻体的关系。
在明喻中,本体和喻体均同时出现在句中,在形式上是相对应的。
注意,用于对比的事物或现象之间的共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
二、基本格式基本格式:本体 + 显著比喻词 + 喻体三、常见标志词Simile的常用标志词有 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
1. 介词:like 等;2. 连词:as, as if, as though, as...so, what等;3. 动词:seem, compare...to, liken...to, bear a resemblance to 等;4. 名词:comparison, resemblance 等;5. 形容词:akin to, similar to, be analogous to 等;6. 短语: as it were, no more...than, be something of, be something like等;7. 句式:As…, so…; As A is to B, so C is to D;A is toB as [what]C is to D等。
四、典型实例■akin to 与……相似(相同)Plagiarism is akin to theft. 剽窃与偷窃性质相同。
They speak a language akin to French. 他们说一种类似法语的语言。
■analogous to [with] 与……相似This proposal was analogous to/with the one we discussed at the last meeting. 这项提案与上次会议上我们讨论过的那份提案相似。
英语中常见的修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法英语中常见的修辞手法1明喻(Simile)simile -简明英汉词典['sɪməli:]n. (使用like或as等词语的)明喻明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现,其基本格式是“A像B”,常用的比喻词有as, like, as if, as though等。
如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白,使人可见可感可悟,把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。
例如:Like climbing a mountain, we struggle up three feet and fall back two.(正如爬山,我们费力爬上三英尺,又掉下去两英尺。
)(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻,把德国士兵比作蝗虫,因为二者有着共同之处-传播毁灭。
)2暗喻(the metaphor)metaphor -简明英汉词典['metəfə]n. 隐喻暗喻也是一种比喻,但不用比喻词,因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。
它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征,用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式。
本体和喻体之间不用比喻词,只是在暗中打比方,从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理,增强语言的表现力。
例如:I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.(我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。
)(第二册第三单元课文A)Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world.(想想吧,孕育英语的文化土壤也同样为当今世界培育了自由和人权准则。
英语中的十九种修辞
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用视觉形容听觉,鸟落在树上,由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音。
2>.Taste the music of Mozart。(用嗅觉形容听觉)
这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。
例如:
1>.No light, but rather darkness visible。没有光亮,黑暗却清晰可见
2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome。
例如:
1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?
2>.Shall we allow பைடு நூலகம்hose untruths to go unanswered?
15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶
例如:
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
高级英语修辞总结
Rhetorical Devices一、明喻(simile)是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系,两者都在对比中出现。
常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等,例如:1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。
2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit.他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来,像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。
3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动,好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。
二、隐喻(metaphor)这种比喻不通过比喻词进行,而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写,甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。
1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets...德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。
2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store.钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。
三、Allusion(暗引)其特点是不注明来源和出处,一般多引用人们熟知的关键词或词组,将其融合编织在作者的话语中。
引用的东西包括典故、谚语、成语、格言和俗语等。
英语引用最多的是源出《圣经》故事以及希腊、罗马神话、《伊索寓言》和那些源远流长的谚语、格言等。
例如:1、Grammar may be his heel of Achilles.语法是他的大弱点。
读后续写微技能训练——修辞手法(Simile明喻)
Some patterns of simile ③“as if”pattern He picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it
were spaghetti. 他挑出鞋带,像吃意大利面一样吃。 He tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe as if it were teh finest steak. 他试着割咬鞋底,好像这是最好的牛排。 The woman made him fetch and carry just as if he was a great Newfoundland dog. 这个女人叫他做这做那,简直把他当作一条纽芬兰的 大狗。
We're like two peas in a pod. 我们就像豆荚里的两颗豌豆。
Examples of simile from the textbooks
1. It seemed as if the world was at an end. (M1U4) 2. Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice. (M1U3) 3. The lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful. (M1U3) 4. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. (M1U4) 5. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. (M3U1) 6. Why, look at him. He eats like a wolf. (M3U3) 7. Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. (M4U2)
simile and metaphor(明喻和暗喻的区别及举例)
Simile明喻直喻:是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。
明喻的表达方法是:A像B。
明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.Myheartislikeasingingbird.Aswhiteassnow.Iwanderedlonelyasacloud.ascoolasacucumber极为冷静的(像黄瓜一样冷静)aseasyasapie极容易(像馅饼一样容易)asfussyasahenwithonechick在小事上瞎操心ashardasthenethermillstone铁石心肠(像下层的磨石坚硬)ashungryasahunter非常饥饿(像猎人一样饥饿)aslivelyasacricket极活泼(像蟋蟀一样活泼)asmadasawethen非常生气(像弄湿的母鸡一样生气)asmildasadove非常温和(像鸽子一样温和)asplainasthenoseinyourface一清二楚(像你脸上的鼻子一样清楚)aspoorasachurchmouse赤贫的(像教堂的老鼠一样穷)asproudasapeacock极骄傲(骄傲得像只孔雀)asstrongasahorse健壮如牛asstupidasanowl极愚蠢(像猫头鹰一样愚蠢)asthinasawafer极薄(像糯米纸一样薄)astrueassteel绝对可靠(像钢一样可靠)Metaphor隐喻是和明喻不同,不用like或as表示出来,而是进行隐藏的比较的这样一种修辞手段。
隐喻又称暗喻。
表达方法:A是B。
喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.1.Heisapig.他简直是头猪。
(比喻:他是一个象猪一般的人,指肮脏,贪吃的人。
)2.Sheisawomanwithastonyheart.她是一个铁石心肠的女人。
(比喻:这个女人冷酷无情。
明喻和暗喻Simile & Metaphor
英音:['simili]美音:['sɪmə,lɪ]
definition
• 1.A simile is an expressed likeness • 2.the simplest and most direct way of connoting an idea with something else.
嗅老鼠一样闻出他的味道来。 嗅老鼠一样闻出他的味道来。
F .seem, resemble, treat, compare to, remind of, be similar to , so to speak/ as it were 等等
He treats his child as the apple in the eye.他把孩子当成
缩了的明喻).
Element
2. Structure of metaphor
Ontology (本体) 被比喻的事物或情境 Metaphors (喻体) 打比方的事物或情境 Pre-figurative word (喻词) 表示比喻关系的词语
3. Types of metaphor
1."noun" pattern名词型 A is B 名词型: 名词型 (1). Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 (2). Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. 没有德行的美丽好比没有芬芳的玫。 (3). Some people think that marriage is a lottery. 有些人认为婚姻是缘分。 (4). He is the eyes and ears of the manager. 他是经理的耳目。 (5). Greece was the cradle of Western culture. 希腊是西方文化的发源地/摇篮。 (6). The old man's face is a map of time. 那老人脸就是岁月的写照。
英语中所有19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句
英语中所有19种修辞⼿法的全部解释和例句英语中所有19种修辞⼿法的全部解释和例句:Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、Monotony 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉、Personification 拟⼈、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排⽐, 平⾏、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,⽐⽅、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照,对⽐,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
快来学习吧!1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对⽐.这种共性存在于⼈们的⼼⾥,⽽不是事物的⾃然属性.标志词常⽤like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某⼀事物的名称⽤于另⼀事物,通过⽐较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Monotony 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,⽽使⽤另⼀个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. ⽔开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋⼈安静地坐着.II.以资料.⼯具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎⼠⽐亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有⼒⽓,他们就⽤我的⼒⽓赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻⽤部分代替全体,或⽤全体代替部分,或特殊代替⼀般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的⼚⾥约有100名⼯⼈.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代⼀般)他是本世纪的⽜顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)这狐⽪围脖与你的帽⼦很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来,借联想引起感觉转移,“以感觉写感觉”。
高级英语修辞手法simile
1、生动形象的Simile (明喻)英语辞格simile (明喻)是一种最简单、最常用的修辞方法,也是运用最为广泛的一种修辞手段。
在文学作品中尤其如此。
《文学词汇词典》(A Dictionary of Literary Terms)对明喻是这样定义的:A f igure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is explicit comparison (as opposed to the metaphor where comparison is implicit) recognizable by the use of words “like” or “as”.这个定义对明喻的界定既有权威性又有普遍性,许多论述英语修辞的书籍或文章在讲到明喻时,其叙述都没有超出这个概念。
根据定义,明喻是一种表现一事物像另一事物的修辞格。
说得通俗点,也就是打比方,即把要描述的事物——本体(A)用比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特征的事物——喻体(B)联系起来。
常用的比喻词有 as(如), like(像), seem(似乎), as if (好像), as though(好像), such as(像……一样)等。
其基本格式是“A is like B”或“A is as…as B”。
Simile在英语中应用得很广泛,用以状物、写景、抒情、喻理,可收到生动形象,简单明了,新鲜有趣的修辞效果。
先看引自《大学英语·精读》(笔者按:系指董亚芬总主编的大学英语系列教材(College English)中的《精读(Intensiv e Reading 1-6册)》[修订本],上海外语教育出版社,1997。
下同)中的几个例子。
The cheque f luttered to the f loor like a bird with a broken wing. (Book 1, Unit 3)支票像只断了翅膀的小鸟似的飘落在地板上。
(完整word版)Metaphor和Simile
Metaphora way of describing something by referring to it as something different and suggesting that it has similar qualities to that thingSimilean expression that describes something by comparing it with something else, using the words 'as' or 'like', for example 'as white as snow'Metaphor(隐喻):用一个词来指代与该词本来所指事物有相似特点的另一种事物的方法。
这也是一种比较,不过这个比较是暗含的,且没有用like 或as 等指出。
如果把例句:“My girlfriend is like a sweet watermelon.”,去掉了like 这个描述词,这便是隐喻用法而不是明喻了。
因为在改了的这个句子里面,虽然也把My girlfriend 比作 a sweet watermelon,但却没有一个词指出这个比较,因而watermelon 此处是隐喻用法。
隐喻通常和be 动词连用,但是句子中的名词、动词、形容词或副词都可以有隐喻用法。
(1) A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man. (Art and Architecture, SEFC 2A, P.21)鸟巢对于鸟而言,正如房子对于人一样。
本句话的语言结构:“A is to B whatC is to D”为隐喻结构,意为“A 对B 而言正如C 对D 一样。
”(2) There were a few lordly poplars before the house.有一排白杨像贵族一样矗立在房子前。
英语中的明喻
SIMILE
关于英语Simile,有两点须加以说明: ,有两点须加以说明: 关于英语 一、Simile(明喻)通常由三部分构成,即本体 (明喻)通常由三部分构成, (tenor或subject)、喻体(vehicle或reference)和比 或 、喻体 或 和比 喻词(comparative word) 或(indicator of 喻词 resemblance)。可图示如下: 。可图示如下: Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: ↓ ↓ ↓ (tenor) (comparative word) (vehicle) those who are without want to get in, and those within want to get out. ( P. M. Quitard)
( 2 ) 连词 (犹如 ,what (犹如 ,as if, as 连词as 犹如 犹如), 犹如), 犹如 though, than, and, the way 等。
Air is to man as water is to fish. 人离不开空气,犹如鱼离不开水。 人离不开空气,犹如鱼离不开水。 Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. (Sir Richard Steel ) 读书对于思想,好比运动对于身体一样重要。 读书对于思想,好比运动对于身体一样重要。
( 4 ) 词组 词组may/might as well…(as)(做…就好像 / ( ) 做 就好像 做…),no more/less…than/not any , / / more…than(如同 一样 ,so speak/as it were 如同…一样 如同 一样) / (可以说,可以比喻地说 。 可以说, 可以说 可以比喻地说)。 He never listens—you might as well talk to a brick (as talk to him). 他根本不听— 同他讲话就好像同一堵墙讲话一样。 他根本不听 同他讲话就好像同一堵墙讲话一样。 A home without love is no more than a body without a soul. 没有爱的家庭无异于一个没有灵魂的躯体。 没有爱的家庭无异于一个没有灵魂的躯体。
英语常见修辞
英语中有19种修辞手法,它们分别是:Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、Metonymy 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比,平行、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句,快来学习吧!1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。
例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to bechewed and digested。
Simile(明喻)
example
• • • • 他的女人脑子不太好使。 His daughter is rather weak in the head. 用weak in the head 来回避stupid or foolish. 讳饰就是用委婉的词句来回避令人不愉快 的语句。
As….as 明喻大可直译
• • • • • • 坚如磐石:as hard as a rock 像蜜蜂一样忙碌:as busy as a bee 像云雀一样快活:as cheerful as a lark 有的却不能从字面上翻译 As cool as a cucumber 非常冷静 as sharp as a needle 十分精明
讳饰的分类:
• “讳饰”一般可分为美饰和掩饰两种。 一美饰就是因犯忌怕说而改用别的加以装饰美化。 • 下午两点三刻,当代最伟大的思想家停止思想了。 让他一个人留在房里还不到两分钟,等我们再进 去的时候,便发现他在安乐椅上安静地睡着—— 但已经是永远地睡着了。(《在马克思墓前的讲 话》) • 句中的“停止思想”、“安静的睡着”、“永远 地睡着”,都是指“死”。对于马克思的死,恩 格斯不忍心直接说出,因而用了讳饰手法。这样 既把自己的心情委婉而含蓄地表达出来,又符合 全世界劳动人民的心愿。
例
二掩饰就是遇到犯触讳的事改用一种模糊的 说法去掩盖。 • Eg:“祥林嫂?怎么了? __“老了”(《祝 福》) • 句中的“老了”即“死了”。因鲁府的忌 • 讳颇多,那些不吉利的话不可直说。为了 • 避讳,短工们把祥林嫂的死说成“老了”。
example
• 成千上万的人涌进医院,瞻仰这位伟大的 影星的遗容。 • Thousands of people flocked to the hospital to pay their respects to the remains of the great film star.
Simile
5. 用形容词比较级引导
The ruby shall be redder than a red rose. 红宝石比玫瑰还要红。
6. 用并列连词and引导
Love and cough can not be hid. 爱情象咳嗽一样是掩盖不 了的。
Comparison between metaphor and simile
wood when it is turned. 木头一样。
当螺旋桨转动时它推动轮船前进,就像木钻转动 A farm lay quite visible, like a white stone in
water.
农庄清晰可辨犹如白石映在水中。 2)(as) … as… The sapphire shall be as blue as the great sea. 蓝宝石象大海一样蓝。
2. 用介词短语引导: 常为表示 所属关系的of-phase
They crowed around the two strangers and the flood of questions came. 他们围住了两个陌生人, 问题如潮水般涌来。
3. 用从属连接词引导
1)as或like When the propeller turns, it pushes the ship forward as a wood-screw goes into a piece of
4. 用what引导 A is to B what C is to D. What C is to D, A is to B. The pen is to a writer what the gun
is to a fighter. 作家的笔犹如战士的枪。 What sculpture is to a block of marble, education is to the soul. 教育之于心灵犹如雕刻之于大理石。
英语修辞手法
1.明喻(Simile)明喻(Simile),是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。
明喻的表达方法是:A像B。
以两件基本上不相同的事物作比喻的修辞手段。
比喻的一种,明显地用另外的事物来比拟某事物,表示两者之间的相似关系。
常用“如”、“像”、“似”、“好像”、“像…似的”、“如同”、“好比”等比喻词。
通常有三部分构成:本体、喻体、比喻词例如:My heart is like a singing bird.(我的心像一只歌唱的小鸟。
)O my love's like a red, red rose,That's newly sprung in June;That's sweetly played in tune.2.隐喻,暗喻(Metaphor)隐喻也称暗喻,是用一个词来指代与该词本来所指事物有相似特点的另一个事物的方法。
隐喻是和明喻不同,不用like或as表示出来,而是进行隐藏的比较的这样一种修辞手段。
隐喻又称暗喻。
表达方法:A是B。
隐喻是一种比喻,用一种事物暗喻另一种事物。
隐喻是在彼类事物的暗示之下感知、体验、想象、理解、谈论此类事物的心理行为、语言行为和文化行为。
就本体和喻体的关系而言,隐喻比明喻更为紧密。
从语意的角度分析,隐喻比明喻深奥、更形象、更有喻示性和渗透力。
名词、动词、形容词和副词都可以有隐喻用法。
例如: 1.He is a pig.他简直是头猪。
(比喻:他是一个像猪一般的人,指肮脏,贪吃的人。
)2.She is a woman with a stony heart.她是一个铁石心肠的女人。
(比喻:这个女人冷酷无情。
)3.Mark Twain is a mirror of America.马克·吐温是美国的一面镜子。
(用镜子比喻美国的现实,很贴切。
)在一篇描绘中东市场的文章中,作者在描绘其中的铜器市场中燃烧着的木炭时这样写道: “the red of the live coals glowing,bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows”。
英语中所有19种修辞手法的
16.Paradox 隽语
隽语 这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深 长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法.. 例如: 1>.More haste, less speed.欲速则不达 2>.The child is the father to the man.(童年 时代可决定人之未来)三岁看大,四岁看老。
14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问(反 问)
它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问 为手段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定, 而否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的. 例如: 1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note? 2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered? 3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.
13.Parody 仿拟
这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分
词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞. 例如: 1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year. 2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.
11.Irony 反语
反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在 指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则 近乎责难的说法. 例如: 1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning. 早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊(真实含义是 应该明确早上的时间观念) 2>"Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you. "the waiter said to the beggar.
修辞翻译
修辞翻译作业20111100347 孙洋一、明喻(simile)1、英语明喻(simile)明喻就是把要加以描写刻画的事物,比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特点的事物联系起来,从而更形象、更深刻地说明事理。
例如:(1)Light as breeze, soft as cloud.轻柔如风,柔软如云。
(衣服广告)(2)With a copy of “the Globe” in your hand, the world unfolds before you so grand.一册在手,纵览全球(环球杂志)(3)Fly ThaiFly smoothSmooth as silk is Thai.(泰国航空公司)飞行平稳,光滑如丝。
2、汉语明喻汉语明喻的基本格式和英语simile完全相同,即“甲事物像乙事物”。
汉语的比喻词有“像、如、犹如、如同、比、好比、似乎、似的、仿佛、犹、若、一样、一般”等等。
例如:(1)爱情就像UFO,都只是听说过,但没人见过。
Love is just like the UFO, people only hear it, but nobody sees it. (2)妈咪依赖Kool-Aid果乐,就像孩子依赖妈咪。
Mom depends on Kool-Aid like kids depend on Moms.二、隐喻(metaphor)1、英语隐喻(metaphor)英语隐喻是明喻进一步的比喻:它不表露比喻的痕迹,本体和喻体同时出现,即把本体隐藏在喻体内。
例如:(1)T he most sensational place to wear stain on your lips.这种口红涂在唇上这个最富有激情的地方,好似穿上了光滑柔亮、细薄透亮的绸缎一般。
(口红广告)(2)S omething within you is Dior.(Christian Dior)毒药香水广告(3)N o one would notice me with your insistent caterwauling.你没完没了的哭就不会有人注意到我了。
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3. Sometimes our fate resembles a fruit tree in winter. Who would think that those branches would turn green again and bloom? But we hope it, we know it.
Question:
1. Which sentence is acceptable to native English speakers?
2. when working out an example of simile, what factor has to be considered?
-- acceptable to native English speakers -- word-for-word translation from Chinese into English; -- give rise to; -- barrier; failure in communication
– William M. Thackeray
愚人不能自知其愚,犹如其不能自视其耳。
• We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume wealth without producing it.
Illustrative simile
Catch-22: A triumph, a classic of this era.” (Los Angeles Mirror);
• Some reviews of the book can be found on the back part of the jacket. The reviews are always positive, because they’re just like the ads for the books.
有时候我们的命运就像冬天里的一株果树,谁会相信那些树枝 还会变绿开花呢?但我们知道,我们仍抱着希望。
Descriptive simile
Fill in the blanks with the Compare the following
words dam & wall.
sentences with the ones in the left.
Chapter 1 Simile 明喻
Objectives of Learning Simile
• To know what simile is. • To know the classifications of simile. • To know that simile is cultural specific.
day exercise broke like a day exercise broke, and
___ giving way to a flood, she laughed with them,
and she laughed with
comforted those who
them, comforted those cried with relief.
belong to the same
domain.
Simile
1.2 What is simile composed of?
• A is like B. -- A is the subject (本体). -- B is the reference (喻体). -- the simile marker (比喻词):
• I never walked into my own tailor’s without feeling apologetic. I know I am unworthy of their efforts. It is as if a man without an ear for music should be invited to spend an evening
domains.
the train.
• -The child is like a man.
•
These four sentences are not simile, because the
•
-The one standing there
two things involved
looks like a beggar.
• 游泳池里人太多,水太脏,在里面游 泳简直就像芝麻酱里煮饺子。
Sentence 2: The water of the pool was too dirty, and what was more, the swimmers were packed like sardines.
• 游泳池塞得像沙丁鱼罐头一样拥挤不
-- “How to Grow Old”
1.6 The particular sentence structures in which similes are used: The what structure
• Personality is to man what perfume is to a flower. 人格之于人,犹如芳香之于花。
1.7.2 English idioms VS Chinese idioms
• to eat like a horse • to drink like a fish • like a drowned rat • like a peacock among
1.5 Assignment on simile: Read the paragraph written by Bertrand Russell.
• Read the paragraph with the simile “An individual human existence should be like a river.”
Simile
1.1 What is simile? Simile or not?
• Simile is a
• -John looks like his
comparison between brother Billy.
two unlike things from different
• -My car runs as fast as
1. He was a man who never 1’. He was a man who
smiled, and whose face never smiled, and who
was as blank as a
has a blank face.
whitewashed ___.
2. The tensions of the two- 2. The tensions of the two-
as, be like, seem, be similar to, be akin to , as if / though, such as, compare… to, treat… as, regard… as;
1.3 The classifications of simile:
The examples of simile can be • descriptive (描述型); • illustrative (说明型) – to explain; • illuminative (启发型) – to give light to.
with the Lener Quartet (四重奏).
Illustrative simile
• 研究术数,不妨换一下去研究文辞,再反 复去讲求经义,探究名理,这样循环不停, 最终一定会有心得收获,这就等于挑担子 不断换肩。一尺长的木棍,每天截取它的 一半,终身用不完,专心一个方面,没有 变化,兴趣固然容易枯竭,力量也容易感 到不足。
Illuminative simile
• If you have no aim in your life, you will drift.
Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
“Your mind is like this water, my friend, when it is agitated, it becomes difficult to see, but if you allow it to settle, the answer becomes clear.” – Lines from Kongfu Panda
who cried with relief.
Descriptive simile
Question: What is the feature of descriptive simile? We can see in our mind’s eye the vivid pictures of what is being talked about, thus enhancing our understanding of the sentences.
• Question: What is the purpose of using
1.4 Discussion
Discussion:
In what way can we say simile is inspiring?
• The comparison involved in simile shows the author’s intuitive insight into the comparability of the two things. And we as readers, can perceive the hidden similarity, or the ignored similarity, and have a better understanding of the things being talked about.