Simile(明喻)&Metaphor(暗喻)
英语修辞simile
英语修辞simile曾文婷英本133 1320031301一、基本概念Simile(明喻)是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,与汉语的明喻相似,它指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作对比,表明本体和喻体的关系。
在明喻中,本体和喻体均同时出现在句中,在形式上是相对应的。
注意,用于对比的事物或现象之间的共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
二、基本格式基本格式:本体 + 显著比喻词 + 喻体三、常见标志词Simile的常用标志词有 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
1. 介词:like 等;2. 连词:as, as if, as though, as...so, what等;3. 动词:seem, compare...to, liken...to, bear a resemblance to 等;4. 名词:comparison, resemblance 等;5. 形容词:akin to, similar to, be analogous to 等;6. 短语: as it were, no more...than, be something of, be something like等;7. 句式:As…, so…; As A is to B, so C is to D;A is toB as [what]C is to D等。
四、典型实例■akin to 与……相似(相同)Plagiarism is akin to theft. 剽窃与偷窃性质相同。
They speak a language akin to French. 他们说一种类似法语的语言。
■analogous to [with] 与……相似This proposal was analogous to/with the one we discussed at the last meeting. 这项提案与上次会议上我们讨论过的那份提案相似。
英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句
英语19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句英语中有19种修辞手法,它们分别是:Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、Metonymy 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比,平行、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句,快来学习吧!1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。
例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out ofa fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。
例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
英语中的十九种修辞
1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily like voice。(用视觉形容听觉,鸟落在树上,由它发出的声音联想到百合花)
鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音。
2>.Taste the music of Mozart。(用嗅觉形容听觉)
这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调和的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义。
例如:
1>.No light, but rather darkness visible。没有光亮,黑暗却清晰可见
2>.The state of this house is cheerless welcome。
例如:
1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?
2>.Shall we allow பைடு நூலகம்hose untruths to go unanswered?
15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶
例如:
1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested。
3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
英语修辞术语和简介
7) Euphemism: (委婉)
It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯) expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant. For instance, we refer to "die" as” pass away".
2) Metaphor:(暗喻)
It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. 隐喻(metaphor)这种比喻不通过比喻词进行,而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写,甲乙两事物之
13) Zeugma: (轭式搭配)
It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses. For example, The sun shall not burn you by day, nor the
1、Several years later, word came that Napoleonyh himself was coming to inspect them...
读后续写微技能训练——修辞手法(Simile明喻)
Some patterns of simile ③“as if”pattern He picks out the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it
were spaghetti. 他挑出鞋带,像吃意大利面一样吃。 He tries cutting and chewing the bottom of the shoe as if it were teh finest steak. 他试着割咬鞋底,好像这是最好的牛排。 The woman made him fetch and carry just as if he was a great Newfoundland dog. 这个女人叫他做这做那,简直把他当作一条纽芬兰的 大狗。
We're like two peas in a pod. 我们就像豆荚里的两颗豌豆。
Examples of simile from the textbooks
1. It seemed as if the world was at an end. (M1U4) 2. Our legs were so heavy and cold that they felt like blocks of ice. (M1U3) 3. The lakes shone like glass in the setting sun and looked wonderful. (M1U3) 4. Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves. (M1U4) 5. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. (M3U1) 6. Why, look at him. He eats like a wolf. (M3U3) 7. Long ago Dr Yuan had a dream about rice plants as tall as sorghum. Each ear of rice was as big as an ear of corn and each grain of rice was as huge as a peanut. (M4U2)
simile(明喻)
生动形象的Simile (明喻)英语辞格simile (明喻)是一种最简单、最常用的修辞方法,也是运用最为广泛的一种修辞手段。
在文学作品中尤其如此。
明喻是一种表现一事物像另一事物的修辞格。
说得通俗点,也就是打比方,即把要描述的事物——本体(A)用比喻词与另一种具有鲜明的同一特征的事物——喻体(B)联系起来。
常用的比喻词有as(如),like(像),seem(似乎),as if(好像),as though(好像),such as(像……一样)等。
其基本格式是“A is like B”或“A is as…as B”。
Simile在英语中应用得很广泛,用以状物、写景、抒情、喻理,可收到生动形象、简单明了、新鲜有趣的修辞效果。
The cheque fluttered to the floor like a bird with a broken wing. (Book 1, Unit 3)支票像只断了翅膀的小鸟似的飘落在地板上。
一位孤苦伶仃的老人在生日那天,满心欢喜地期待她的女儿来给她祝寿,至少给她寄一份生日礼物,最终等到的却是一张冷冰冰的支票。
此句形象地描述了老人收到支票后的心情——她多么失望,就让那张令她伤心的支票随它去吧!这个明喻的比喻词是like。
Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit we cannot flower and grow without it. (Book 2, Unit 10)对于人的精神来说,赞扬就像阳光一样:没有它我们便不能开花生长。
作者借助明喻形象地说明了赞扬的作用,赞扬对于人的精神如阳光对于生命一样重要,对于我们来说是不可或缺的。
此句的比喻词也是like。
英语中有许多谚语包含着美妙的明喻,闪烁着语言艺术的光彩。
这些谚语多数以like和as作比喻词。
例如:Wit without learning is like a tree without fruit.有天资而无学识,好比树木不结果实。
英语修辞手法的解释和例句
英语修辞手法的解释和例句1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来,借联想引起感觉转移,“以感觉写感觉”。
英语中的明喻
SIMILE
关于英语Simile,有两点须加以说明: ,有两点须加以说明: 关于英语 一、Simile(明喻)通常由三部分构成,即本体 (明喻)通常由三部分构成, (tenor或subject)、喻体(vehicle或reference)和比 或 、喻体 或 和比 喻词(comparative word) 或(indicator of 喻词 resemblance)。可图示如下: 。可图示如下: Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: ↓ ↓ ↓ (tenor) (comparative word) (vehicle) those who are without want to get in, and those within want to get out. ( P. M. Quitard)
( 2 ) 连词 (犹如 ,what (犹如 ,as if, as 连词as 犹如 犹如), 犹如), 犹如 though, than, and, the way 等。
Air is to man as water is to fish. 人离不开空气,犹如鱼离不开水。 人离不开空气,犹如鱼离不开水。 Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. (Sir Richard Steel ) 读书对于思想,好比运动对于身体一样重要。 读书对于思想,好比运动对于身体一样重要。
( 4 ) 词组 词组may/might as well…(as)(做…就好像 / ( ) 做 就好像 做…),no more/less…than/not any , / / more…than(如同 一样 ,so speak/as it were 如同…一样 如同 一样) / (可以说,可以比喻地说 。 可以说, 可以说 可以比喻地说)。 He never listens—you might as well talk to a brick (as talk to him). 他根本不听— 同他讲话就好像同一堵墙讲话一样。 他根本不听 同他讲话就好像同一堵墙讲话一样。 A home without love is no more than a body without a soul. 没有爱的家庭无异于一个没有灵魂的躯体。 没有爱的家庭无异于一个没有灵魂的躯体。
种修辞手法的解释和例句(my)
《高级英语》中常见种修辞手法的解释和例句1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>. Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.cavern of a room/ a caverous roomthe room is like a cavern,e.g. a fairyland of dancing flashesIn the maze of vaulted streetsa mountain of wavesa storm of applauseA little shrimp of a fellowA hello Kitty of a girlThread one’s way3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻Tin Pan Alley __the center of pop musicLet the heart to rule the head借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.(整体代部分)这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.1.Outside,(there is) a sea of faces.外面街上,是人的海洋。
英语常见修辞
英语中有19种修辞手法,它们分别是:Simile明喻、Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻、Metonymy 借喻,转喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉、Personification 拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Parallelism 排比,平行、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法、Allegory 讽喻,比方、Irony 反语、Pun 双关、Parody 仿拟、Rhetorical question 修辞疑问、Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶、Paradox 隽语、Oxymoron 反意法,逆喻、Climax 渐进法,层进法、Anticlimax 渐降法。
下面和大家分享一下这19种修辞手法的全部解释和例句,快来学习吧!1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比。
这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow。
2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。
例如:1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper。
2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to bechewed and digested。
修辞
1. 明喻SIMILE1.定义英语的明喻是英语中最常用、最简便的修辞格之一,在文学作品中尤其如此。
它根据人们的联想,利用不同事物之间的相似点,借助比喻词(如like,as等)起连接作用,清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物Rhetoric In Practice (《英文实用修辞学》)一书这样来解释明喻:“A simile is an expressed 1ikeness.The simplest and most direct way of connoting an idea with something else is by means of using similes.Simile is the neuter singular of the Latin adjective …similis,‟ meaning like.”Simile(明喻)运用广泛,可借以状物、写景、抒情、喻理,使表达生动形象,明白易懂,新鲜有趣。
关于英语Simile,有两点须加以说明:一、Simile(明喻)通常由三部分构成,即本体(tenor或subject)、喻体(vehicle或reference)和比喻词(comparative word或indicator of resemblance)。
可图示如下:Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: those who are without want to get in,↓↓↓(tenor) (comparative word) (vehicle)and those within want to get out. ( P. M. Quitard)二、本体与喻体一般为两个不同事物(如属同类也应具不同性质或特征),比喻方可成立。
例如:①Peter is as tall as his father.②Peter is as tall as a Maypole.稍加分析可以看出,例①不算明喻,只是一个比较句,因为Peter及其father同属人类;而例②才是比喻句,因为Peter与Maypole分属人与物。
英语中常见的修辞手法
英语中常见的修辞手法1明喻(Simile) simile -简明英汉词典[’sɪməli:]n。
(使用like或as等词语的)明喻明喻是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法,是以两种具有共同特征的事物或现象进行对比,表明本体和喻体的关系,两者都在对比中出现,其基本格式是“A像B”,常用的比喻词有as, like,as if,as though等。
如果使用得当可以把深奥的道理说得通俗、浅显、明白,使人可见可感可悟,把简单的事物表达的更为形象更为生动。
例如:Like climbing a mountain,we struggle up three feet and fall back two。
(正如爬山,我们费力爬上三英尺,又掉下去两英尺。
)(大学英语第一册第三单元课文B)I see also the dull,drilled,docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery blodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.(丘吉尔在此使用了一个恰当的比喻,把德国士兵比作蝗虫,因为二者有着共同之处—传播毁灭.)2暗喻(the metaphor) metaphor -简明英汉词典[’metəfə]n。
隐喻暗喻也是一种比喻,但不用比喻词,因此被称作缩减了的明喻(a compressed simile)。
它是根据两个事物间的某些共同的特征,用一事物去暗示另一事物的比喻方式.本体和喻体之间不用比喻词,只是在暗中打比方,从而更生动、更深刻地说明事理,增强语言的表现力.例如:I will do anything I can to help him through life's dangerous sea.(我将全力帮助他穿越人生的惊涛骇浪。
)(第二册第三单元课文A)Consider that the same cultural soil producing the English language also nourished the great principles of freedom and right of man in the modern world。
Simile(明喻)
example
• • • • 他的女人脑子不太好使。 His daughter is rather weak in the head. 用weak in the head 来回避stupid or foolish. 讳饰就是用委婉的词句来回避令人不愉快 的语句。
As….as 明喻大可直译
• • • • • • 坚如磐石:as hard as a rock 像蜜蜂一样忙碌:as busy as a bee 像云雀一样快活:as cheerful as a lark 有的却不能从字面上翻译 As cool as a cucumber 非常冷静 as sharp as a needle 十分精明
讳饰的分类:
• “讳饰”一般可分为美饰和掩饰两种。 一美饰就是因犯忌怕说而改用别的加以装饰美化。 • 下午两点三刻,当代最伟大的思想家停止思想了。 让他一个人留在房里还不到两分钟,等我们再进 去的时候,便发现他在安乐椅上安静地睡着—— 但已经是永远地睡着了。(《在马克思墓前的讲 话》) • 句中的“停止思想”、“安静的睡着”、“永远 地睡着”,都是指“死”。对于马克思的死,恩 格斯不忍心直接说出,因而用了讳饰手法。这样 既把自己的心情委婉而含蓄地表达出来,又符合 全世界劳动人民的心愿。
例
二掩饰就是遇到犯触讳的事改用一种模糊的 说法去掩盖。 • Eg:“祥林嫂?怎么了? __“老了”(《祝 福》) • 句中的“老了”即“死了”。因鲁府的忌 • 讳颇多,那些不吉利的话不可直说。为了 • 避讳,短工们把祥林嫂的死说成“老了”。
example
• 成千上万的人涌进医院,瞻仰这位伟大的 影星的遗容。 • Thousands of people flocked to the hospital to pay their respects to the remains of the great film star.
明喻
说明型:通过简单具体的形象说明复杂、抽象的 概念或过程。 Carlos Lehder was to cocaine transportation what Henry Ford to cars. (卡洛斯 雷德与可卡因贩运的关系,正如亨利 福 特与汽车的关系。) Many retirees are couch potatoes who like popping cold beers and relaxing in front of their $2500 wide-screen, high definition television set. Its big picture will be as rich and detailed as 35milimeter photograph.
• 综上所述,比喻的构成须具备两个基本 条件,即在进行类比的两名词项之间, 不仅须有语义特征的明显分离,同时还 要有类比词项的兼容属性或起码的类比 语义联系。
明喻类型
(范家材)
描写型:通过鲜明的形象,简洁的措辞,生 动地描写人物、事件等。 He is something of a political chamelion.(他有点像政治上的变色龙) Too many professional prepared resume read like a pitch from an old-time snake-oil pedlar. (雇佣职业枪手代写的履历念起来往往都带 有老式江湖郎中的推销口吻。)
英语比喻的构成
• 三例中,John分别与robot, horse和 slave构成三对类比词项,它们的语义特 征可作如下的对比描写:
英语比喻的构成
• 其中John与robot的语义特征分离程度 最大,与horse的分离程度次之,而与 slave的分离程度最小。为直观起见, Glaser曾就这种名词项语义特征分离情 况作过类似下面的图解说明:
英文常见修辞方法
1. Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比,这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性。
标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。
例如:1. I wandered lonely as a stay dog.2. Einstein likes to put a cloak on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2. Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成。
例如:1. Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2. Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3. Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I. 以容器代替内容,例如:1. The kettle boils. 水开了。
2. The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着。
II. 以资料、工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说。
III. 以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI. 以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱。
4. Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般。
例如:1. There are about 100 hands working in his factory. 他的厂里约有100名工人。
英语修辞手法
1.明喻(Simile)明喻(Simile),是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物连接起来的一种修辞手法。
明喻的表达方法是:A像B。
以两件基本上不相同的事物作比喻的修辞手段。
比喻的一种,明显地用另外的事物来比拟某事物,表示两者之间的相似关系。
常用“如”、“像”、“似”、“好像”、“像…似的”、“如同”、“好比”等比喻词。
通常有三部分构成:本体、喻体、比喻词例如:My heart is like a singing bird.(我的心像一只歌唱的小鸟。
)O my love's like a red, red rose,That's newly sprung in June;That's sweetly played in tune.2.隐喻,暗喻(Metaphor)隐喻也称暗喻,是用一个词来指代与该词本来所指事物有相似特点的另一个事物的方法。
隐喻是和明喻不同,不用like或as表示出来,而是进行隐藏的比较的这样一种修辞手段。
隐喻又称暗喻。
表达方法:A是B。
隐喻是一种比喻,用一种事物暗喻另一种事物。
隐喻是在彼类事物的暗示之下感知、体验、想象、理解、谈论此类事物的心理行为、语言行为和文化行为。
就本体和喻体的关系而言,隐喻比明喻更为紧密。
从语意的角度分析,隐喻比明喻深奥、更形象、更有喻示性和渗透力。
名词、动词、形容词和副词都可以有隐喻用法。
例如: 1.He is a pig.他简直是头猪。
(比喻:他是一个像猪一般的人,指肮脏,贪吃的人。
)2.She is a woman with a stony heart.她是一个铁石心肠的女人。
(比喻:这个女人冷酷无情。
)3.Mark Twain is a mirror of America.马克·吐温是美国的一面镜子。
(用镜子比喻美国的现实,很贴切。
)在一篇描绘中东市场的文章中,作者在描绘其中的铜器市场中燃烧着的木炭时这样写道: “the red of the live coals glowing,bright and then dimming rhythmically to the strokes of the bellows”。
英语的明喻是英语中最常用
1. 明喻SIMILE1.定义英语的明喻是英语中最常用、最简便的修辞格之一,在文学作品中尤其如此。
它根据人们的联想,利用不同事物之间的相似点,借助比喻词(如like,as等)起连接作用,清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物Rhetoric In Practice (《英文实用修辞学》)一书这样来解释明喻:“A simile is an expressed 1ikeness.The simplest and most direct way of connoting an idea with something else is by means of using similes.Simile is the neuter singular of the Latin adjective ‘similis,’ meaning like.”Simile(明喻)运用广泛,可借以状物、写景、抒情、喻理,使表达生动形象,明白易懂,新鲜有趣。
关于英语Simile,有两点须加以说明:一、Simile(明喻)通常由三部分构成,即本体(tenor或subject)、喻体(vehicle或reference)和比喻词(comparative word或indicator of resemblance)。
可图示如下:Marriage is like a beleaguered fortress: those who are without want to get in,↓↓↓(tenor) (comparative word) (vehicle)and those within want to get out. ( P. M. Quitard)二、本体与喻体一般为两个不同事物(如属同类也应具不同性质或特征),比喻方可成立。
例如:①Peter is as tall as his father.②Peter is as tall as a Maypole.稍加分析可以看出,例①不算明喻,只是一个比较句,因为Peter及其father同属人类;而例②才是比喻句,因为Peter与Maypole分属人与物。
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“Than” Pattern
A home without love is no more than a body without a soul.
没有爱的家好比一具没有灵魂的躯体
“And” Pattern
Love and cough can not be hid.
恋爱如同咳嗽一样是掩藏不住的
“Something of” Pattern
“What” Pattern
What C is to D, (that) A is to B.
A is to B what C is to D. / A is for B what C is for D
Soap opera is for TV what the popular novel is for books. 肥皂剧之于电视,犹 如通俗小说之于书籍。 Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. 阅读之于思想,犹如 锻炼之于身体。 The man who cannot be trusted to society what a bit of rotten timber is to a house. 不能信赖的人之于社 会,犹如朽木之于住 宅。
"-of-" phrase pattern: A policeman waved me out of the snake of traffic and flagged me to stop. 一位警察招手要我从长蛇般的车流中出来,并挥旗叫我停下 We have come a long way since then, in part as a fruit of his labors. 从那以后,我们取得了巨大进展,其中一部分是他努力的结 果。 They tied pillows on top of their heads as protection against the shower of rocks. 他们把枕头绑在头上以防倾泻而下的岩 石。 "idiom" pattern: We mended our fences. 我们重修旧好。
• 在驾驶考试之前,他紧张得像热锅 上的蚂蚁。 • Soccer is spreading like wildfire through all the States. • 足球像野火一样迅速传遍美国。 • Jenny and I was like peas and carrots. 我和珍妮形影不离。
"verb" pattern动词型: Snow clothes the ground. 雪覆盖了大地。 The case snowballed into one of the most famous trials in U.S. history. 这个案子像滚雪球似地最终成了美国历史上最著名的审判之一。 He doesn't have any idea of his own. He just parrots what other people say. 他没有自己的观点,只会鹦鹉学舌。
What blood vessel is to a man's body, that railway is to transportation. 铁路之于运输,犹如血管之 于人体。 What salt is to food, that wit and humour are to conversation and literature. 风趣与幽默之于对话与文学, 犹如盐之于食物一样。 ( When “what” is put at the beginning of the sentence in this structure, the main clause must be introduced by “that”, and “that” can be omitted. “what” 置于句首时,后 面的主句一般须由that连接, 但that也可省去。)
He is something of a political chameleon
他有点像政治上的变色龙.
METAPHOR
分类 定义 [暗喻] METAPHOR
• A metaphor is a figure of speech where comparison is implied. It is also a comparison between two unlike elements with a similar quality. • 说话人不直接点明两个事 物之间的相似
NOTES:
* The difference between simile and metaphor is that simile points out the similarity between two compared things directly, while metaphor does not do like that and its meaning is implied, you have to read between the lines.
Classification
Six patterns of simile & Examples
“Something
of”
Pattern
“And”
PaWhat” Pattern
“Than”
Pattern
“Like”
Pattern
“Like” Pattern
• He was like a cat on hot bricks before his driving test.
THANKS
"adjective" pattern形容词型: The mountainous waves swallowed up the ship. 山一般的巨浪吞没了那艘船。 I was all smiles, looking forward to a pleasant, homey evening. 我满心欢喜,盼望度过一个家庭般舒适的夜晚。 He gave Blakey a wintry smile. 他给布莱基一个冷笑。
"noun" pattern名词 型: A is B
"verb" pattern动词 型
"adjective" pattern形容 词型
"-of-" phrase pattern
"idiom" pattern
"noun" pattern名词型: A is B Time is money. 时间就是金钱。 Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. 没有德行的美丽好比没有芬芳的玫瑰。 The old man's face is a map of time. 那老人脸就是岁月的写照。
• I„m as poor as a church mouse. 我一贫如洗。 • Men fear death, as children fear to go in the dark. (Francis Bacon)人恐惧死亡犹如儿童恐 惧黑暗。 • As lungs are to the animals, so leaves are to the plants.叶 子之于植物,犹如肺之于动物。 (As C is to D, so A is to B.) • Jeff looked as if he had seen a ghost. 杰夫的神情就好像见 到鬼似的。 • You might as well throw your money into the sea as lend it to him.你把钱借给他好比/还不 如把钱扔进海里。
SIMILE & METAPHOR
明喻&暗喻 By Vicky #2012级4班
Contents
Simile Metaphor Definition Classification
SIMILE
分类 定义 [明喻]SIMILE
• A simile is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common. • [like], [as]
“As” Pattern
as + adj. + as + n.
" may / might as well +V… as + V… " pattern
as + S + V
as if / as though 好像, 仿佛
as…, so…(the main clause introduced by so)