Unit 4 Sharing 语法案 导学案-人教选修7精品

Unit 4 Sharing

语法案

导学案

教学目标

1、复习定语从句(The attributive clause)

2、正确使用关系代词和关系副词

课前练习

1. Fill in the blanks using that / which / whose

This is the ship _________ name is also Titanic.

Titanic is the ship _______________ sank after hitting an iceberg in 1894.

Titanic is the ship ______________ a terrible disaster happened to.

Titanic is the ship to ___________ a terrible disaster happened.

2. Combine each pair of sentences using when / where.

I was born in Shanghai.Shanghai is a beautiful city.

Shanghai, ______/________ I was born, is a beautiful city.

I still remember the day.I first came to the school on the day.

I still remember the day _______/__________I first came to the school.

自主学习

定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰的词后面。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“先行词”。

引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：

1.引导定语从句。

2.代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。

关系词作用

which

that

who

whom

when成分

where

why

重点一：用“代入法”解析定语从句,大概有如下几个步骤：

1：通读全句,找出先行词:(即定语从句所修饰的词)。

2：判定先行词的属性：是人,是物,还是人物皆有。

3：把先行词代入后面的定语从句中,分析其所作成分。

4：确定引导词。

注意：四个步骤中,第三点中的“分析成分”就是解释并确定定语从句的引导词的关键Example:

★1949 was the year ______ New China was founded.

★1949 was the year____________ the Chinese people can’t forget.

第一步：确定先行词：两句话的先行词皆为the year

第二步：判定先行词的属性,是物,(先排除who, whom的可能性)

第三步：把先行词代入定语从句中:

★New China was founded the year 1949.(in the year 1949)时间状语

The Chinese people can’t forget the year 1949. (宾语)

第四步：确定引导词。

重点二：关系代词的用法注意事项：

1.只用that的情况

①先行词是不定代词(如：all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much, few 等)或先行词被all,only, every, no, some, any, little, few, very(恰好,正是)等修饰时。

Eg: Everything that can be done is done.

He is the very man that they are looking for.

②在there be句型中。

There’s still a seat that is still free in the corner.

③先行词既有人又有物时。

He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.

④先行词是序数词,形容词的最高级或被序数词,形容词的最高级(包括first, last)修饰时。

The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan.

This is the best book that I have read this year.

⑤系代词在定语从句中作表语时。

Our village is no longer the place that it used to be.

⑥主句是以who / which开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是疑问代词who时(以免重复)。

Which is the room that Mr. Wang lives in?

Who that has seen his works doesn’t admire him?

⑦被same修饰的先行词后可用that而不用which.

Yesterday I met the same scientist that you met last year.

2.不用that的情况

①引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语且置于该介词之后时,先行词如果是人用whom,先行词如果是物则用which,(介词后的关系词不可以省略)。

The person at whom the boys are laughing is my brother.

The room in which we live is very clean.

说明:将介词移至定语从句中或句尾时,whom可换用who或that也可省去；which可换用that也可省去。

The person (whom / that ) the boys are laughing at is my brother.

The room (which / that)we live in is very clean.

在非限制性定语从句中

The sun, which is very hot, gives a lot of energy to man.

③先行词是that时(以免重复)

What’s that which is moving on the table?

先行词为those, he, she, anyone等代词表“人”时,关系代词用who,一般不用thatThose who want to go there must be at the school gate by 7:00 p.m.

He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man。

whose