《新发展研究生英语一》答案课文翻译

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【新发展研究方案生英语一】答案解析课文翻译

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives; (8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

新发展研究生英语综合教程课文内容及翻译

G r o w i n g U p1 Fifty years ago parents still asked boys if they wanted to grow up to be president, and asked it not jokingly but seriously. Many parents who were hardly more than paupers still believed their sons could do it. Abraham Lincoln had done it. We were only sixty-five years from Lincoln. Many of grandfather who walked among us could remeber Lincoln. Men of grandfatherly age were the worst for asking if you wanted to grow up to be president. A surprising number of little boys said yes and meant it.五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统，问这话时一本正经，并非开玩笑。

许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。

亚伯拉罕?林肯就做到了。

我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差65年。

依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。

就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。

回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人，而且他们是当真的。

2 I was asked many times myself. No, I didn’t want to grow up to be president. My mother was present during one of these interrogations. An elderly uncle, having posed the usual question and exposed my lack of interest in the presidency, asked, “Well, what do you want to be when you grow up.我就曾经被问过多次。

新发展研究生英语1翻译+答案

新发展研究生英语第一册翻译及课后习题Unit 1 Human Reflections婚姻为什么会失败安妮·洛芙安妮·洛芙是美国女权主义作家，因《主妇狂想曲》、《恩慈》等小说而著名。

她的作品探讨了追求家庭生活与追求事业和自主之间的冲突，因此很值得一读。

1如今有太多的婚姻以离婚而告终，我们最神圣的誓言不再鸣发出真理的回响。

“幸福美满”、“至死不渝”这类表达方式似乎越来越不合时宜了。

为什么夫妻之间变得如此难以相处呢？究竟什么地方出了差错？我们怎么了以至于几乎一半的夫妇注定要走向离婚法庭？我们怎么创造了这样一个社会，竟有42%的儿童要生活在单亲家庭中？如果统计学能够衡量孤独、后悔、痛苦、自信心的丧失及对未来的恐惧的话，那么这样的统计数字恐怕将难以计算。

2虽然每个破裂的家庭都有其独特的情况，但我们仍然可以发现其共同的危险：即人们对婚姻感到绝望的共同原因。

每个婚姻都有危机点，每个婚姻都是对耐久力，即对夫妻间亲密及变化的承受能力的考验。

外界的压力如失业、疾病、不孕、孩子的问题、照料年迈的父母以及生活中的其它麻烦都冲击着婚姻，就像飓风猛烈袭击海岸一样。

有些婚姻在这些暴风雨中得以生存，而有些却经不住这些风浪。

但是，婚姻失败不纯粹是因为外界天气的影响，更是因为内部气候变得太冷或太热、太动荡不安或太冷淡麻木。

3当我们着眼于我们如何选择伴侣以及在温柔的爱情初期有何期望的时候，某些婚姻失败的原因就变得相当清晰了。

我们都无意识却又准确地选择一个伴侣，他（她）们会和我们共同创建我们第一个家的感情模式。

威斯康星大学婚姻问题专家及精神病学荣誉教授卡尔·A ·威特克博士解释说：“从童年的早期开始，我们每一个人都会具备婚姻、女性的温柔、男子汉气概、为父之道、为母之道以及家庭其他成员角色的模式。

”我们每个人都会爱上具有自己父母品质的人，来帮助我们重新发现过去生活中的喜怒哀乐。

我们或许以为我们找到的人并不像父亲，但是之后我们发现他开始酗酒或吸毒，或者一次又一次地失去工作或默默地坐在电视机前，同父亲如出一辙；一个男人可能选择的女人就像他的母亲一样也不喜欢小孩子或者像母亲一样因为赌博把家里的积蓄输得精光。

新发展研究生英语综合教程1课后参考答案汇总

新发展研究生英语综合教程1课后参考答案汇总Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities (1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful;(7) arrives;(8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. B (1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) tough Part A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to havefar-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show peopl e’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

新发展研究生英语1 学生用语UNIT8 SOLITUDE 翻译

Emerson says, "Now and then a man exquisitely made can live alone, and must; but coop up most men and you undo them." Solitude tries a man in a way society does not; it throws him upon his own resources, and if these resources be meager, if the ground he occupies in and of himself be poor and narrow, he will have a sorry time of it.爱默生说“有时候，一个至精之人能够也必须独孤地生活，但是孤独禁锢了多数人而却得不到解脱”，有别于社会，孤独用另一种方式试探一个人。

它让人诉诸于自身的资源，如果人的这些资源寥寥，如果他所拥有或掌控的范围狭小匮乏，孤独将会带给他悲伤的时光。

Hence we readily attribute some extra virtue to those persons who voluntarily embrace solitude, who live alone in the country or in the woods, or in the mountains, and find life sweet. We know they cannot live without converse, without society of some sort, and we credit them with the power of invoking it from themselves, or else of finding more companionship with dumb things than ordinary mortals.因此，那些自愿拥抱孤独的人，他们或独居于乡村，或隐迹于树林山涧而甘之如饴，我们乐意把他们归之于某些高风亮节。

(完整word版)新发展研究生英语综合教程第一册课后习题答案

新发展研究生英语综合教程第一册课后习题答案Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.（1) crush；（2）lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; （5) right；(6) grateful; （7）arrives; （8) assurance; （9) return; (10）content Ⅱ . Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded； 2。

emeritus； 3。

erode; 4. wondrous； 5。

yearning；6. shackled；7. salvation;8. nibble；9. imperfection； 10。

eruptPart B 1. B 2。

C 3. A 4。

D 5。

A 6. B 7。

C 8。

A 9。

D 10。

BBank—Cloze（1） bored；（2） affiliate； (3) conducted； (4) valid; (5) ranging（6) fulfilling; (7) revealed； (8） tended; (9) Pressure； (10） toughTranslationPart A1.For some， marriage is the grave of love， while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life。

2.Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3.All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4.If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart。

《新发展研究生英语一》答案+课文翻译

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives;(8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusV ocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people’s yearning for a bet ter life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfec tions in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

新发展研究生英语第一单元课前问题及课文译文

Pre-reading Activities2. Discuss the following questions.1. Do you know of marriages that have failed?回答：Yes, I do. 或No, I don’t.If so, what do you think people have suffered from their failed marriages and what were the possible causes? (你认为人们从他们失败的婚姻中遭遇了什么？造成这种婚姻失败的原因是什么？)回答：I think that people in failed marriages suffer unsuccessful career, because of bad mood of their failed marriages, their career is influenced. What’s more, they can become unconfident and lonely. (我认为失败婚姻中的人们会遭遇失败的事业，因为失败婚姻带来的坏情绪会影响他们的事业。

另外，他们会变得不自信和孤独)回答：（造成这种婚姻失败的原因是什么？）I think that the possible causes are couple’s qualities and their moral character. If the couples’qualities are fit each other, their marriage is happy. If the couples both have moral character, they don’t love others and they can be loyal for their spouse. So I think that couple’s qualities and their moral character are important for marriage. (我认为造成婚姻失败的可能原因是夫妻双方的个性和他们的品质。

新发展研究生英语一 Unit1.text Book 1

Unit1Human ReflectionsMarriage is an institution in which a man loses his Bachelor’s degree and woman gets her Master’s.婚姻是一座学校, 男人会失去单身汉的地位, 而女人会获得征服者的地位.---Socrates, Greek philosopher Men marry because they are tired, women because they are curious, both are disappointed.男人结婚, 因为他们厌倦了,女人结婚, 因为她们好奇, 结果两人都大失所望.---Oscar Wilde, British writerPre-reading Activities1.Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.It takes only a minute to get a __________(1) on someone, an hour to like someone, and a day to love someone. But it takes a ___________(2) to forget someone. Don’t go for looks; they can __________ (3). Don’t go for wealth; even that fades away. Go for someone who makes you __________(4) Because it only takes a smile to make a dark day seem bright. Find the one that makes your heart smile. Maybe God wants us to meet a few __________(5) people before meeting the right one. So that when we finally meet the right person, we will know how to be ___________ (6) for the gift. It’s true that we don’t know what we’ve got until we lose it, but it’s also true that we don’t know what we’ve been missing until it ___________ (7).Giving someone all your love will not provide ___________ (8) that they will love you back. Don’t expect love in _________(9): just wait for it to grow in their hearts. But it doesn’t, be ___________ (10).It grew in yours.Why Marriages failAnne Roiphe is an American feminist author known for such novels as Up the Sandbox and Lovingkindness. Her work is noteworthy for its examination of the conflict between the desire for family and relationship and that for career and self-determination.1These days so many marriages end in divorce that our most sacred vows no longer ring with truth. “ Happily ever after”and “Till death us do part” are expressions that seem on the way to becoming obsolete. Why has it become so hard for couples to stay together? What goes wrong? What has happened to us that close to one half of all marriages are destined for the divorce courts? How could we have created a society in which 42 percent of our children will grow up in single-parent homes? If statistics could only measure loneliness, regret, pain , lose of self-confidence, and fear of the future, the numbers would be beyond quantifying.2 Even though each broken marriage is unique, we can still find common perils,common cause of marital despair. Each marriage has a crisis point and each marriage tests endurance, the capacity for both intimacy and change. Outsidepressures such as job loss, illness, infertility, trouble with a child, care of aging parents, and all the other plagues of life hit marriages the way hurricanes blast our shores. Some marriages survive these storms, and others don’t. Marriages fail , however, not simply because of the outside weather but because the inner climate becomes too hot or too cold, too turbulent or too stupefying.3 When we look at how we choose our partners and what expectations exist at the tender beginning of romance, some of the reasons for the disaster become quite clear. We all select with unconscious accuracy a mate who will recreate with us the emotional pattern of our first homes. Dr. Cart A. Whitaker, a marital therapist and emeritus professor of psychiatry at the University of Wisconsin, explains, “From early childhood on, each of us carried models for marriage, femininity,masculinity, motherhood, father hood and all the other family roles. “ Each of us falls in love with a mate who has qualities of our parents, who will help us rediscover both the psychological happiness and miseries of our past lives. We may think we have found a man unlike Dad, but the he turns to drink or drugs, or lose his job over and over again, or sits silently in front of the TV just the way Dad did. A man many choose a woman who doesn’t like kids just like his mother, or who gambles ways the family saving just like his mother, or he may choose a slender wife who seems unlike his obese mother but hen turns out to have other addictions that destroy their mutual happiness.4 A man and a woman bring to their marriage bed a blended concoction of conscious and unconscious memories of their parents’ lives together. The human way is to compulsively repeat and recreate the patterns of the past. Sigmund Freud so well described the unhappy design that many of us get trapped in: the unmet needs of childhood, the angry feelings left over from frustration of long ago, the limits of trust, and the reoccurrence of old fears. Once an individual senses this entrapment, there may follow a yearning to escape, and the result could be a broken, splintered marriage.5 Of course people can overcome the habits and attitudes that developed in childhood. We all have hidden strengths and amazing capacities for growth and creative change. Change, however, requires work---observing your part in a rotten pattern, bringing difficulties out into the open--- and work runs counter to the basic myth of marriage: “When I wed this person all my problems will be over. I will have achieved success and I will become the center of life for this other person and this person will be my center, and we will mean everything to each other forever.” This myth, which every marriage relies on, is soon exposed. The coming of children, the pull and tugs of their demands on affection and time, place a considerable strain on that basic myth of meaning everything to each other, ofmerging together and solving all of life’s problems.6 Concern and tension about money take each partner away from the other. Obligations to demanding parents or still-depended-upon parents create further strain. Couples today must also deal with all the cultural changes brought on in recent years by the women’s movement and the sexual revolution. The altering of roles and the shifting of responsibilities have been extremely trying for many marriages.7 These and other realities of life erode the visions of marital bless the way sandstorms eat at rock and the ocean nibbles away at the dunes. Those euphoric, grand feelings that accompany romantic love are really self-delusions, self-hypnotic dreams that enable us to forge a relationship. Real life, failure at work, disappointments, exhaustion, bad smells, bad colds and hard times all puncture the dream and leave us stranded with our mate, with our childhood patterns pushing us this way and that, and with our unfulfilled expectations.8 The struggle to survive in marriage requires adaptability, flexibility, genuine love and kindness, and an imagination strong enough to feel what the other is feeling. Many marriages fall apart because either partner cannot imagine what the other wants or cannot communicated what he or she needs or feels. Anger builds until it erupts into a volcanic burst that buries the marriage in ash.9 If we sense from our mate a need for too much intimacy, we tend to push him or her away, fearing that we may lose our identities in the merging of marriage. One partner may suffocate the other partner in a childlike dependency. A good marriage means growing as a couple but also growing as individuals. This isn’t easy. Richard gives up his interest in carpentry because his wife, Helen, is jealous of the time he spends away from her. Karen quite the choir group because her husband dislikes the friends she makes there. Each pair clings to each other and is angry with each other as life closes in on them. This kind of marital balance is easily thrown as one or the other pulls away and divorce follows.10 Marriage takes some kind of sacrifice, not dreadful self-sacrifice of the soul, but some level of compromise. Some of one’s fantasies, some of one’s legitimate desires have to be given up for the value of the marriage itself. “While all marital partners feel shackled at times, it is they who really choose to make the marital ties into confining chains or supporting bonds, “says Dr. Whitaker. Marriage requires sexual, financial, and emotional discipline. A man and a womancannot follow every impulse, cannot allow themselves to stop growing or changing.11 Divorce is not an evil act. Sometimes it provides salvation for people who have grown hopelessly apart or were frozen in patterns of pain or mutual unhappiness. Divorce can be, despite its initial devastation, like the first cut of the surgeon’s knife, a step toward new health and a good life. On the other hand, if the partner can stay past the breaking-up of the romantic myths into the development of real love and intimacy, they have achieved a work as amazing as the greatest cathedrals of the world. Marriages that do not fail but improve, that persist despite imperfections, are not only rare these days but offer a wondrous shelter in which the face of our mutual humanity can safely show itself.NotesDr. Cart A. Whitaker: A pioneer therapist and emeritus professor of psychiatry at University of Wisconsin.University of Wisconsin: A famous university in the state of Wisconsin, founder in 1848. It is one of the most excellent public universities in America and is recognized as national leader in teaching and research excellence.Sigmund Freud(1856-1939): An Austrian psychiatrist who founded the psychoanalytic school of psychology. Freud is best known for his theories of the unconscious mind and the defense mechanism of repression and for creating the clinical practice of psychoanalysis of curing psychopathology through dialogue between a patient and a psychoanalyst. The Interpretation of Dreams is one of his best-know works.New Wordsobsolete a. no longer used; out of date 过时的; 废弃的peril n. serous danger(esp, of death) 严重危险(尤指死亡的) infertility n. the state of being unable to produce offspring; barrenness不孕症,贫瘠marital a. of a husband or wife; of marriage 婚姻的turbulent a. in a state of commotion or unrest; disturbed 不安宁的; 动荡的stupefying a. dull or senseless 神志不清的; 失去知觉的; 麻木不仁的therapist n. specialist in a particular type of therapy 治疗专家emeritus a. ( of a university teacher, esp. a professor) retired, but keeping his title as an honor (指大学教师, 尤指教授) 退休而保留头衔的,荣誉的femininity n. properties characteristic of the female sex 女性气质masculinity n. properties characteristic of the male sex男性气质obese a. ( of people) very fat 过度肥胖的concoction n. a combination of various ingredients 混合reoccurrence n. rehappening (事情的) 再次发生entrapment n. being caught in a trap 陷入圈套;诱捕yearning n. strong desire; tender loving 渴望, 热望splintered a. breaking into pieces 裂成碎片的merge v. come together and combine 合并erode v. destroy or wear (sth) away gradually 侵蚀, 腐蚀nibble v . take tiny bites of sth. 小口咬某物dune n. mound of loose dry sand formed by the wind 沙丘euphoric a. happy and excited 愉快的, 兴奋的self-delusion n. the act of deceiving oneself, or the state of being so deceived自欺self-hypnotic a. of or producing a state that resembles sleep but that is induced by suggestion or a similar condition to oneself.自我催眠的strand v. leave in difficulties 陷入困境unfulfilled a. not completed or achieved: dissatisfied未实现的; 未得到满足的erupt v. break out suddenly and violently 突然发生volcanic a. (似)火山的, 来自火山的shackle v. prevent sb. From acting or speaking freely 束缚(某人) salvation n. saving of a person’s soul form sin and its consequences; the state of being saved in this way 拯救, 超度devastation n. the state of being destroyed 毁灭imperfection n. a fault of defect 不完美wondrous a. wonderful 令人惊奇的; 意想不到的; 极好的Useful Expressionbe destined for have a future which has been decided or plannedbeforehand 命中注定, 注定; 预定gamble away lose sth. by gambling 赌博输掉counter to in the opposite direction to sth; in opposition to sth与某事物的方向相反bring on cause sth. ( usu. Unpleasant) to happen to oneself/sb.else 使(通常为不愉快的) 某事发生在自己(别人)身上fall apart break; fall to pieces; disintegrate 破裂, 破碎:散开be jealous of be envious of 嫉妒的;羡慕的cling to hold on tightly to sb./sth.紧抓住close in on surround or envelop sb./sth 围绕或笼罩ExercisesText ComprehensionRead the text and answer the following questions.1.How to you understand the two expressions “ Happily ever after” and “ Tilldeath us do part” in paragraph 1?2.What do broken marriages have in common?3.In this text, Dr. Whitaker says, “ From early childhood on, each of us carriedmodels for marriage, femininity, masculinity, motherhood, fatherhood and all the other family roles.” How do you understand his words?4.According to Sigmund Freud, what leads to a broken, splintered marriages?5.What is the myth on which every marriage relies according to the text?6.What are listed as the trying cause of broken marriages?7.What does the author mean by saying “The struggle to survive in marriagerequires an imagination strong enough to feel what the other is feeling”in paragraph 8?8.What do you learn from the stories of Richard and Karen in paragraph 9?9.According to paragraph 10, what is necessary for marriage success?10.What is the author’s attitude towards divorce according to the last paragraph? VocabularyPart A Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessarywondrous peril emeritus yearning erode nibblestrand erupt shackle salvation devastation imperfection1. During the Gulf War, the Chinese Embassy helped Taiwanese labor servicepersonnel _____________ in Kuwait pull out of dangerous places safely.2. G.. Wilson Knight, ________ Professor at the University of Leeds, has had along and prolific career as a critic.3. While conventional wisdom holds that conflicts in a relationship slowly_______ the bonds that hold partners together, couples who are happy in the long term turn out to have plenty of conflicts, too.4. She let her joyous eyes rest upon him without speaking, as upon some_________ thing she had created out of chaos.5. She drew him toward her with all her might, seeking to know him in thedepths of his heart, with a(n) _________________ to lose herself in him.6. Many Americans have misunderstanding about China, believing it’s a closedcountry and that the people’s thinking is _________ .7. Government loans have been the _________ of several shaky businesscompanies.8. Her teeth having all dropped out, Granny Li could only _______ away at her food.9. If you aim at __________, there are some chances of your getting it; whereasif you aim at perfection, there is none.10. Some of his peer were convinced that the early stage of the illness manifestedthemselves in graduate school, but the full-blown symptoms did not __________ until he was 50.Part B. Choose the word or phrase that is closed in meaning to the italicized part of each sentence.1.It is becoming increasingly clear that an many as 80 percent of people who areobese are predisposed genetically.A thin B. fat C. crazy D lazy2. The IT industry is developing so fast that an advanced computer program today may be obsolete next week.A. desiredB. qualifiedC. outdatedD. frightened3. In such dry weather, if a forest fire cannot be extinguished, devastation is sure to ensure.A. destructionB. salvationC. associationD. communication4. I should like to put forward a proposal: merge the two firms into a big one.A. interrelateB. associateC. defineD. combine5. Utilization of the land which leaves it in an infertile condition is consideredpollution.A. sterileB. richC. productiveD. destructive6. Don’t cling to your old ideas. Be ready to entertain some new ones, otherwiseyou will always lag behind others.A. put forward toB. hold on toC. run toD. put up with7. In modern society, the world’s transport systems would fall apart without a s supply of electricity.A. come upB. step upC. split upD. warm up8. Coming from a theatrical family, I was destined for a career on the stage---Iwas expected to be an actor.A. fated to beB. up to beC. made up forD. derived from9. We don’t think he is a dependable person because he acted counter to hispromise.A. similar toB. according toC. up toD. contrary to10. In order to finish the task in time, he was out in the rain all and this broughton a bad cold.A. resulted fromB. resulted inC. brought upD. gave upClozeRead the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase given below to fill in each blank. Change the form where necessarytend strand tough bored conduct fulfillingaffiliate reveal pressure condition ranging valid.A recent survey of women in 20 large and medium-sized cities across the country revealed that about half of the respondents were happy with their marriages and relationships, while nearly 30 percent said they were _________(1) and 3.4 percent they were in agony. 3 percent said they were worried about their relationships and 12 percent said they did not know how to describe their mixed feelings. The Huakun Women Survey Center, an ___________ (2) of the All-China Women’s Federation, ____________ (3) the survey of 2000 women aged between 20 and 60 at the end of last year. Altogether 1955 ________ (4) questionnaires were collected. The average age of the surveyed women was 35, and 70 percent were married. About 57 percent of the respondents had monthly incomes ________ (5) from 1000 yuan to 3000 yuan. Women in Shanghai seemed to have the most __________ (6) love lives, with more than 70 percent saying they felt happy. They were followed by women in Beijing, Qingdao, Ningbo and Tianjin in terms of fulfillment. The survey also _______ (7) that marriages _______ (8) to get less happy the longer they lasted. _________ (9) from work, problems with their children’s education and _________ (10) personal relationships were the main causes of tension, according to the results of survey.11。

新发展研究生英语一Unit2.text Book 1

Unit 2Economic SocietyThe consumer isn’t a moron: she is your wife. You insult herintelligence if you assume that a mere slogan and a fewvapid adjectives will persuade her to by anything..消费者不是傻瓜, 她是你的妻子. 如果你认为仅凭一句口号, 几个乏味的形容词就能使她掏腰包买任何东西的话, 那么你就亵渎了她的智。

----David Ogilvy, American advertisement managerThere is no resting place for an enterprise in a competitiveeconomy.在竞争的经济中, 没有企业休息的地方。

---Alfred P. Sloan, American businessmanPre-reading ActivitiesFill in the blanks with words you hear.Decide how the business will operate. You should describe how the business will be managed, and the _____ (1) and organization structure that will be in place. There are three further parts that go together to make a ______________ (2) business plan:A __________ (3) plan: it includes location, method of selling, _____________ (4), pricing and so on. You must be aware of consumer _______ (5) to make sure that your business does not become outdated or irrelevant.An operation plan: it describes the day-to-day running of business, You should include supply sources, cost and quantities of material, _____________(6),equipment and methods of _________ (7) the service or products offered.A financial plan, which is a master budget for the operation and includes cash flow forecast, balance _________ (8), profit and lost statement, _____________ (9) of finance and sales forecast and target.The financial aspects of the plan are the most important and you should develop or ________ (10) financial skill to make sure this part of your plan is accurate and realistic, Don’t forget set-up costs and the money needed to see you through and initial period of low cash flowwhen calculating your first year’s budget.Good Things Come to Those Who Actively WaitDonald Sull is a professor of management Practice in Strategic and International Management and Faculty Director of Executive Education at London business School where he designed, directs and teaches an intensive week-long “ boot-camp” to help senior executives thrive in turbulent markets.1In Highly volatile markets, a company’s success or failure is often attributed to luck.Turbulent markets throw out opportunities whose timing, nature and magnitude managers can neither predict nor control. The same holds true for threats. In such a competitive casino, you place your bets and hope for the best. It is better to be lucky than good.2 For the past six years I have studied more than 20 pairs of comparable companies inunpredictable industries such as telecommunications, airlines and enterprise software in countries such as China and Brazil. By pairing similar companies, I showed how they responded differently to the some unforeseen threats and opportunities.3 I found the more successful companies were luckier, in the sense that time and again theyresponded more effectively to unexpected shifts in regulation, technology, competition, macroeconomics or other volatile factors. Such luck is too important to leave to chance. The most successful companies exemplified “active waiting”, an approach to strategy in highly unpredictable markets that consists of anticipating and preparing for opportunities and threats that executives can neither fully predict nor control.4 A chief executive is sometimes likened to a ship’s captain, peering into the distant horizonand setting a course. In many markets that future is foggy and finding a clear view nearly impossible. In the telecommunications industry, for example, shifting regulations, continuous technological change, entry by non-traditional rivals such as Skype and shifts in consumer preferences throw out a steady stream of unforeseen opportunities and threats. Demands for cars in China, for example, arose from the confluence of increased disposable income, government investment in infrastructure,rising middle-class aspirations, easy credit and the demise of employer-provided housing near the workplace5 But all opportunities are not equal. In volatile markets, companies face countless small andmid-sized opportunities and the periodic golden opportunity--- a chance to create value disproportionate to resources invested in a short period of time. Typical golden opportunities include acquisition of NatWest; explosive demand in an emerging market such as China or India; or pioneering a new product or service such as the iPod.6 Golden opportunities occur only when external circumstances throw open several windowsof opportunity at the same time. Consider the opportunity for middleware—software that links a company’s applications---which IBM and BEA converted into billion-dollar businesses. Several developments occurred at once: the Internet created demand for software that could get applications to talk to one another; available technology was up to the task; early leaders such as NCR and Novell were distracted by other markets and the paucity of venture capital funding prevented many start-ups chasing the same market.7 Timing is everything in these circumstances. Had IBM and BEA entered the market a yearor two earlier, customers’ pain would have been less acute and the technology fix less developed, A few years later, new entrants flush with venture capital cash might have established a lead.8 Managers can neither predict nor control golden opportunities. But they can prepare theircompanies to capitalize on one when it arrives. The trick lies not in heroic efforts in the middle of a golden opportunity, but in the quiet actions taken during periods of relative calm between the storms.9 Keep the priorities clear: In unpredictable markets, managers often try to hedge againstevery possible contingency. by running countless experiments and launching a flurry of new initiatives. This is a big mistake. Employees and managers are overwhelmed by multiple, often conflicting, priorities. In attempting to pursue too many priorities simultaneously,executives dissipate resources and hinder co-ordination across units. Managers must exercise ruthless discipline in choosing a small number of objectives to pursue first, putting other valid concern to one side for the time being. Equally important, they must decide what to stop doing to free up time, attention and resources to make sure the truly critical objectives are met.10 Conduct reconnaissance into the future: Prudent executives will consciously take stepsto investigate a foggy future. First, they should send out probes in a few directions to broaden the search for opportunities rather than staking everything on a single way forward. Exploratory forays include investing in or partnering with start-ups, or running small-scale experiments to test the market. Second, when conducting reconnaissance, managers must remain alert to anomalies---new information that surprises them or conflicts with expectations. In turbulent markets, a manager’s mental map quickly becomes outdated, and anomalies provide clues as to where the map is wrong.11 Reconnaissance can be pictured as a process of probing along a wall of resistance looking for gaps. Most of the time, a company encounters hard surfaces: competitors who won’t get out ofthe way, customers who don’t want to buy or technologies that won’t work. Executives should probe for gaps in the market when they find one, they should swarm it, pulling other resources in their wake.12 Keep a reserve: During periods of relative calm, executives should build a war chest ofcash to deploy quickly when a golden opportunity emerges. This requires restraint. Spreading a company’s chips across too many probes or doubling down on too many bets at the same time leave little cash in reserve when a big opportunity comes along, To avoid this risk, senior executives should scrutinize the company’s resource allocation process, cap the number of probes, and increase investment only after explicit evaluation.13Keep the troops battle ready: During periods of active waiting executives must pushthrough operational improvements—cutting costs, strengthening distribution, improving products. More efficient rivals can survive storms that drown rivals. Operation improvements during the lulls contribute to the war chest, but also build the credibility required to seize the golden opportunity. The Royal Bank of Scotland, for example, won NatWest because the Scottish bank’s track record of execution convinced the capital markets that it was the buyer most likely to make the deal work..14 Declare the main effort: One of the greatest challenges in active waiting is deciding when to commit reserves and go for broke.15 Periodically, executives encounter an opportunity or threat so important that it demandsthe company’s full focus. Declaring it the main effort creates a sense of urgency, focuses the organization, priorities resource allocation and lays the groundwork for coordinated effort. Yet many executives say that this was the most difficult decision they ever made. Playing it safe in the short term can prove hazardous in the long term. Companies that pass on every golden opportunity will eventually find themselves eclipse by player that can both wait actively and strike decisively.16 Leading a company into the fog of the future remains risky. By waiting actively during periods of relative calm. However, executives can increase their chances of success.17 Fortune favors the well-prepared: In unpredictable markets, good luck is too important toleave to chance. By actively waiting in the lulls between major opportunities and threats, managers can increase their odds of seizing the moment.18 Keep your priorities clear to avoid dissipating energy and resources.19 Conduct reconnaissance into the future to identify gaps in the market.20 Keep a reserve of cash to fund major opportunities when they emerge.21 Keep the troops battle-ready during lulls in the storm.22 Declare that an opportunity is your company’s main effort in order to seize it faster thanrivals.Notes1.Skype:The software that allows users to make telephone calls over the Internet.The Skype Group has its headquarters in Luxembourge, with offices in London, Tallinn, Tartu, Stockholm, Prague, and San Jose. Skype is the most popular voice communication serve in the world.2.NatWest : Short for National Westminster Bank, which was a personal banking andwas established in 1968, but was acquired by The Royal Bank of Scotland in 2000.3.IBM:Short for International Business Machines Corporation, the largest computercompany in the world. IBM started in 1911 as a producer of punch card tabulating machines . In 1953, it produced its first computer, During the 1960’s and 1970’s, IBM came to dominate the new field of mainframe and minicomputers. In 1981, IBM launched its first personal computer, called the IBM PC, which quickly became the standard.4.BEA: A leading provider of enterprise application infrastructure software. BEAprovides a complementary best-in-class middleware portfolio that spans Java Application Servers.5.NCR:A technology company specializing in products for the retail and financialsectors. Its man products are point-of-sale terminals, automatic teller machines, check processing systems, barcode scanner, and business consumables. It is also one of the largest provides of IT maintenance support services.6.Novell: A company that offers enterprise infrastructure software and services. NovellData systems began life in 1979 as a computer operating system manufacturer and was later incorporated in 1983 as Novell Inc. Today Novell is one of the leading providers of networking operating systems and networking solutions.New Wordsvolatile a.( of trading conditions, etc.) likely to change suddenly or sharply;unstable (指商情等) 很可能急剧波动的, 不稳定的magnitude n. (degree of ) importance 重要,重要性, 重要程度casino n. public building or room for gambling and other amusements赌场;娱乐场macroeconomics n. 宏观经济学liken v. show the resemblance between one thing and another显示两事物的相象confluence n. coming together, joining together 汇集, 汇合infrastructure n. the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for thefunctioning of a country or area基础设施, 基础结构demise n. the end or failure (of an enterprise or institution)终止, 崩溃periodic a. occurring or appearing at (esp. regular) intervals定期的,周期的disproportionate a. relatively too large or too small in size, shape, or amount过大或过小; 不成比例middleware n. 中间设备, 中间件paucity n. smallness of number or quantity 少量, 少许, 少数entrant n. person or animal that enters, esp. for a race, a competition or anexamination; person who enters a profession新参加者,(尤指比赛,竞赛或考试) ; 参加某行业的人flush a. having a lot of(sth.), esp. money; well supplied很多的;(尤指金钱); 充裕的capitalize v. use (sth.) to gain some advantage从…..中获利, 利用contingency n. event that may or may not occur; event that happens by chance可能或可能不发生的事情; 偶发事件flurry n. sudden burst of intense activity (一阵) 忙乱, 很乱simultaneous a. happening or done at the same time(as sth.)同时的,同时发生的,同时做出的~ly adv.dissipate v. waste(time, money, etc.) foolishly 浪费(时间’金钱等)hinder v. prevent the progress of(sb./sth.) 阻碍,妨碍ruthless a. extremely ambitious, and at the same time having or showing nopity for others 无情的,坚定的reconnaissance n. (patrol, flight, etc. that carries out an ) exploration or a survey ofan area, esp. for military purposes() 对某地区的侦察或观测(尤指为军事目的的)prudent a. acting with or showing care and foresight; showing goodjudgment 审慎的; 有先见之明的; 判断力强的foray n. brief but vigorous attempt to be involved in a different activity(对一新的活动,行业等)短暂而积极的改换尝试anomaly n. one that is peculiar, irregular, abnormal, or difficult to classify;irregularity 异常的事物; 不合规则deploy v. bring into effective action; utilize 采取有效行动, 使用; 部署scrutinize v. look at or examine(sth.) carefully or thoroughly仔细或彻底检查allocation n. action of distributing according to plan配给,分配,拨出lull n. interval of quiet or inactivity 间歇,稍息,暂停hazardous a. dangerous; risky 危险的, 冒险的eclipse v. make(sb./sth.) appear dull by campare; outshine使(某人或某事) 相形见绌. 使黯然失色Useful Expressionsbe likened to be compared to 把……比作……convert to change into 转变hedge against do(sth.) that will protect you from(sth.) harmful 防备in one’s wake after 在……之后remains alert to keep attentive to 对……保持警惕come along happen or appear 出现,发生ExercisesPost-reading ActivitiesText ComprehensionRead the text and answer the following questions.1.What does “active waiting” mean in the economic sense?2.The author compare a chief executive to a ship’s captain. Why does the author use theanalogy?3.What kind of opportunities are called “ golden opportunities”?4.What are the typical examples mentioned in the text to indicate the importance of seizing a“golden opportunity” ?5.“ Golden opportunities” are periodic. When do “ golden opportunities” come along?6.How can managers prepare their companies to take advantages of “ golden opportunities”?7.According to the text, the particular technique of capitalizing on “ golden opportunities” lies“not in heroic efforts in the middle of golden opportunity, but in the quiet actions taken during periods of relative calm between the storms”What do the “storms”and “heroic efforts”refer to in the text?8.In paragraph 13, the author states the significance of operating improvement during theperiods of “active waiting”. What is it?9.What is one of the greatest challenges in “active waiting”? Why ?10.What is the author’s opinion of “active waiting”?Language FocusV ocabularyPart A Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.volatile lull confluence scrutinize eclipse contingency magnitude demise allocationanomaly disproportionate simultaneously1.Internationally, the world economic situation can be described as “ups and downs,complicated and _____________”.2.Problems of urbanization are widely noted and studies, not only because of their absolute__________ but also because of their visibility.3.In the competitive market, we must always be prepared for every _______ in order tosurvive every difficulty and crisis.4.Younger buyers and others who have been on the leading edge of trends continue toprefer .Japanese cars in ____________ numbers.5.The technology of modern mass communication results from the ________ of many typesof inventions and discoveries.6.The achievements of civilized man, although very great and remarkable, are neverthelessvery far from sufficient to __________ the works of man as a barbarian.7.There is an interesting and unexplained _________ in tamarack (美洲落叶松) from thenorthern localities in the west central part of Canada.8.Top athletes _____________ both success and failure with their coach to extract lessonsfrom them, but they are never distracted from longer-term goals.9.The development of marine resources and the protection of the marine environment shouldbe planned and implemented ______________ .10.They ran to a safe place during a _________ in the storm and stayed there for the wholenight.Part BChoose the word or phrase that is closed in meaning to the italicized part of each sentence.1.The play shows that Americans have an embarrassment of riches and a paucity ofspirituality and morality, focusing on the disillusionment of the American Dream.A deficiency B. scarcity C. inadequacy D deficit2. Putting,55, is enormously popular in Russia, presiding over a reviving economy flush withrevenue from oil and natural gas.A. well-suppliedB. growingC. blushfulD. overflowing3. A lot of people gathered at the airport waiting for the famous film star, and when he arrived a flurry of excitement went round the crowd.A. ruffleB. burstC. flowD. flood4. Economic growth has been at the core of American success: despite periodic depressions or recessions, the US economy over time has continue to grow.A. prospectiveB. persistentC. ordinaryD. occasional5. Moves to change the way key resources should be allocated have sparked a rise in turf battles, which could hinder the Internet’s growth as a global information infrastructure.A. controlB. retardC. obstructD. decrease6. The results of many studies show that they dissipated a lot of money when they carried outthe so-called effective plans.A. dispersedB. dispelledC. exhaustedD. wasted7. I was now in such a state of nervous resentment that I thought it prudent to check myself atpresent from further demonstrations.A. carelessB. consciousC. sensibleD. logical8. The company experienced rapid commercial growth with its foray into the wholesalemarket and its decision to narrow down its range of products.A. entranceB. raidC. actionD. attempt9. For more than a century, economics was largely concerned with problems others than growth,chiefly efficient allocation at the margin.A assignment B. assignation C. allotment D. design10. Investment is hazardous business in the highly volatile market; even those who are in theswim sometimes come a cropper.A. riskyB. questioning C .partial D. wondrousClozeRead the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase given below to fill in each blank. Change the form where necessary.slimly integrity eliminate slightlydisproportionally loyal spending recessionlure niche hinder accessibleAs 2009 shapes us up to be the most challenging year in more than a generation for luxury items, some marketers’ plans are suddenly “ out”. According to a panel at the Wharton Marketing Conference, what’s now “in” for marketing luxury in this difficult ear is pampering the wealthiest and most loyal ___________ (1) customers with everything. Some panelists said the rapidly evolving financial turmoil could ________ (2) some of their ambitious ideas. Many experts believe the economic pain of deepening __________ (3) could fall __________ (4 ) on these marketers of luxury items. But several panelists noted that the truly wealthy may cut back some on their discretionary __________ (5) but will not ____________ (6) luxury purchases altogether, suggesting that consumers are likely to see some moves aimed at selling high-end products at a(n) ___________(7) lower cost. For example, one obvious step would be to sell L’Oreal’s fragrances in smaller containers, as long as the actual product is not diluted. It can still maintain the brand ____________ (8), but the product is sold at a price point that’s more _______(9) for the consumers. Good management weathers good times and difficult times, and fashion doesn’t change. For luxury goods, the business plan places trust in the artistic vision of a designer---and hopes that will _________ (10) customers。

新发展研究生英语1-4-6-7课文翻译

拉塞尔・贝克拉塞尔・贝克是美国专栏评论家、幽默作家和政论家。

他的作品以其幽默诙谐的语言对社会、政治等进行了强而有力地评论。

1五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统问这话时一本正经并非开玩笑。

许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。

亚伯拉罕・林肯就做到了。

我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差年。

依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。

就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。

回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人而且他们是当真的。

2我就曾经被问过多次。

我会回答说不我长大后不想当总统。

有一个年纪大的叔叔当着母亲的面向我提出这个问烂了的问题发现了我对当总统不感兴趣他就接着又问 “那你长大了想干什么呢 ”3我那时喜欢到垃圾堆上去拣东西收集空瓶子、有漂亮标签的罐子和废弃的杂志。

世界上最吸引我的工作立刻浮现在我的脑子里。

“我想当一个垃圾工。

”我说道。

4叔叔听后笑了而母亲却觉察到了我那呆头呆脑的苗头不免伤心。

“有点上进心吧拉塞尔。

”她说道。

她叫我“拉塞尔”表明她不高兴因为她夸我的时候总是叫我“小家伙”。

5 转眼间我长到了八岁她觉得我得找个工作开始踏上那条让我自己成就点什么的道路而不能再四平八稳地坐失良机了。

“巴迪” 有一天她跟我说 “今天放学后马上回家。

有人要来我要你见见他。

”6那天下午我冲进家门的时候她正在客厅里跟柯蒂斯出版公司的一个负责人谈话。

他把我介绍给他。

他弯下腰和我握了握手问我是不是像母亲说的那样渴望获得进入商界的机会。

7母亲在一旁忙说我决意要使自己成为一个有所成就的人。

8“是的。

”我低声说。

9“那么你是否具备在商业上获得成功所需要的刚强、勇气和绝不放弃的精神呢 ”10母亲回答说我当然具备。

11“是的。

”我说。

12他盯着我好一会儿默不作声似乎在掂量着我是否值得他的信任然后和我坦率地谈了起来。

他说在走出关键性的一步之前他得提醒我年轻人为柯蒂斯出版公司工作要承担巨大的责任。

新发展研究生英语综合教程第一册Units1-8答案

2018年12月31日星期一Unit1Vocabulary Part AFill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.Wondrous peril emeritus yearning erode nibble strand erupt shackle salvation devastation imperfection1. During the Gulf War, the Chinese Embassy helped Taiwanese labour service personnel strandedin Kuwait pull out of dangerous places safely.海湾战争期间，中国驻科威特使馆帮助滞留在科威特的台湾劳务人员安全撤离危险地区。

2. G. Wilson Knight, emeritus Professor at the University of Leeds, has had a long and prolific career as a critic.G 。

利兹大学(University of Leeds)名誉教授威尔逊?奈特(Wilson Knight)作为一名评论家，有着漫长而多产的职业生涯。

3. While conventional wisdom holds that conflicts in a relationship slowlyerodethe bonds that hold partners together, couples who are happy in the long term turn out to have plenty of conflicts, too.虽然传统观点认为，夫妻关系中的冲突会慢慢侵蚀维系伴侣的纽带，但长期幸福的夫妻也会有很多冲突。

新发展研究生英语1综合教程1-6单元翻译

Unit 1 Human ReflectionsTranslationPart A1.对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤单生活的人的好办法。

新编研究生英语教材 Unit 1课文翻译及答案

新编研究生英语教材Unit 1课文翻译及答案Answers for Text A and Text BText A: Why teach research ethics?II word study(1) Choose an appropriate word or phrase from the list above for each blank. Make changes when necessa ry.1.meticulous2. protocol3. albeit4. embroiled5. plagiarism6.efficacy7.adjudicates8. infringement9. incorporated 10. sanctionIII. Cloze1.B2. A3. A4. D5. C6. A7. C8. C9. A 10. C 11.A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15.A 16. B 17. B 18. A 19. C 20.C IV. Translation1.学术不端并不是能够简单评价的问题。

其中一个重要问题是，在科学领域里，对于什么样的行为有违伦理规范，应当受到惩罚，仍然模棱两可。

工程，法律，和医学领域对道德行为的定义有明确的书面指导原则。

虽然某些特别复杂的案例会挑战这些原则的底线，但多数原则具有指导意义。

科学研究也并不提供书面的行为准则。

联邦政府和私人机构一直试图阐明学术不端行为的裁定标准，比如一些描述科研不端行为的核心定义，包括编造，篡改和等等。

然而这些行为容易与包含“可疑行为”在内的其他不太确定的类别相互混淆。

这些混淆的定义让学生和教职人员也不是很清楚他们到底承担哪些责任和义务？2.Researchers should tell every participant about all the characteristics and details of the study, though such an act may affect the willingness of subjects. Researchers should also try to answer or explain any question about the experiment from subjects. Frankness and sincerity are supposed to be essential to the relationship between researchers and subjects. When researchers have to hide from or deceive subjects for methodological reasons, they need to have subjects understand the reasons for doing so and try to recover their original relationships.Researchers should respect the subjects’rights and freedom to refuse or terminate their participation in the study at any time. This point is even more salient when researchers have higher power-relationship than subjects. As regards the moral acceptability of experimental procedures and measures, there must be a clear and fair agreement reached by researchers and subjects at the outset in order to clarify each other’s responsibility. Researchers have a responsibility to abide by and comply with the provisions of commitments and obligations in the agreement.译文：Text A为什么要教科研伦理朱迪·E·斯特恩丹妮·艾略特1. 最近，我们当中的一员有机会与一名医科学生谈论她正计划要做的一个实验室轮转项目。

新发展研究生英语综合教程第一册课后习题答案

新发展研究生英语综合教程第一册课后习题答案新发展研究生英语综合教程第一册课后习题答案Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives; (8) assurance; (9) return; (10) content Ⅱ . Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1.For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2.Blessed with a great historical responsibility, theConference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3.All of these show pe ople’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4.If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5.The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

新发展研究生英语综合教程课文翻译

新发展研究生英语综合教程课文翻译集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]U n i t1w h y m a r r i a g e s f a i l1这些日子，许多婚姻以离婚结束，我们最神圣的誓言不再与真理联系在一起了。

“幸运地”和“直到死亡我们做了一部分”是表面上看起来已经过时了。

为什么夫妻一起呆在一起变得如此困难？出了什么问题？我们发生了什么事，接近一半的婚姻注定离婚法庭？我们如何创造一个社会，其中42％的孩子将在单亲家庭中长大？如果统计数据只能衡量孤独，遗憾，痛苦，失去自信和对未来的恐惧，数字将超出量化。

2即使每一个破碎的婚姻是独一无二的，我们仍然可以找到共同的危险，婚姻绝望的共同原因。

每个婚姻都有一个危机点，每个婚姻都测试耐力，亲密和变化的能力。

外部压力，如工作失调，疾病，不育，与孩子的麻烦，照顾老化的父母，和所有其他生命的瘟疫飓风爆炸我们的海岸的方式。

有些婚姻在这些暴风雨中生存下来，其他婚姻却没有。

然而，婚姻失败，不仅仅是因为外部天气，而是因为内部气候变得太热或太冷，太湍急或太吝啬。

3当我们看看我们如何选择我们的合作伙伴，并在浪漫的开始有什么期望存在，一些灾难的原因变得相当清楚。

我们都选择无意识的准确性，将与我们重新创建我们的第一个家的情感模式的伴侣。

威斯康星大学婚姻治疗师和精神病学荣誉教授Carl A. Whitaker博士解释说：“从幼年时代起，我们每个人都携带婚姻，女性气质，男性气质，母性，父亲和所有其他家庭角色的模式。

“我们每个人都爱上一个有我们父母品质的伴侣，他们将帮助我们重新发现我们过去生活的心理幸福和痛苦。

我们可能认为我们发现了一个不像爸爸的男人，但随后他回到喝酒或毒品，或者一次又一次地失去了他的工作，或者像爸爸那样默默地坐在电视机前面。

一个男人可以选择一个不喜欢孩子的女人，就像他的母亲，或者像他的母亲一样赌了家庭储蓄。

或者他可以选择一个苗条的妻子，似乎不像他的肥胖母亲，但后来发现有其他的瘾，摧毁他们的相互幸福。

新发展研究生英语第一册部分课后习题答案

新发展研究生英语第一册部分课后习题答案Unit11. 对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤独单调生活的人的好办法。

（salvation）For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. 此次会议肩负着重大的历史责任，必然将对该组织的发展产生深远（be destined to do sth）Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the developm ent of the organization.3. 所有这些都寄寓着人们对美好生活的向往，因此得以代代相传。

（yearning）All of these show peoples yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generati on.4. 总统警告说，如果国会现在通过这一法案，那么他一直努力维护的脆弱的和平进程可能就会破裂。

（fall apart）If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. 夫妻之间必须能够容忍彼此性格上的一些瑕疵，否则的话他们的婚姻很可能会以离婚而告终。

（imperfection）The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each others character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Wondrous peril emeritus yearning erode nibble strandErupt shackle salvation devastation imperfection1. During the Gulf War, the Chinese Embassy helped Taiwanese labour service personnel stranded in Kuwait pull out of dan gerous places safety.2. While conventional wisdom-holds that conflicts in a relationship slowly erode-the bonds that hold partners together, co uples who are happy in the long term turn out to have plenty of conflicts, too.3. G. Wilson Knight,emeritus Professor at the University of Leeds, has had a long and prolific career as a critic.4. She let her joyous eyes rest upon him without speaking, as upon some wondrous thing she had created out of chaos.5. She drew him towards her with all her might, seeking to know him in the depths of his heart, with a(an) yearning to lose herself in him.6. Many Americans have misunderstandings about China, believing its a closed country and that the people’s thinking is shackled.7. Government loans have been the salvation of several shaky business companies.8. Her teeth having all dropped out, Granny Li could only nibble away at her food.9.If_you_aim_at_imperfection, there are some chances of your getting it; whereas if you aim at perfection, there is none.10. Some of his peers were convinced that the early stages of the illness manifested themselves in graduate school, but the full-blown symptoms did not erupt until he was 30.1. It is becoming increasingly clear that as many as 80 percent of people who are obese are predisposed genetically.A. ThinB. fatD. lazy2. The IT industry is developing so fast that an advanced computer program today may be obsolete next week.A. DesiredB. qualifiedC. outdatedD. frightened3. In such dry weather, if a forest fire cannot be extinguished ,devastation is sure to ensue.A. DestructionB. salvationC. associationD. communication4. I should like to put forward a proposal; merge the two firms into a big one.A. InterrelateB. associateC. defineD. combine5. Utilization of the land which leaves it in an infertile condnition is considered pollution.A. SterileB. richC. productiveD. destructive6. Dont cling to you old ideas. Be ready to entertain some new ones, otherwise you will always lag behind others.A. Put forward toB. hold on toD. put up with7. In modern society, the world’s transport systems would fall apart without a supply ofelectricity.A. Come upB. step upC. split upD. warm up8. Coming from a theatrical family, I was destined for a career on the stage--- I was expected to be an actor.A. Fated to beB. up to beC. made up forD. derived from9. We don’t think he is a dependable person because he acted counter to his promise.A. Similar toB. according toC. up toD. contrary to10. In order to finish the task in time, he wat out in the rain all day and this brought on a bad cold.A. Resulted fromB. resulted inC. brought upD. gave up.Tend strand tough bored conduct fulfillingaffiliate reveal pressure condition ranging validA recent survey of woman in 20 large and medium-ized cities across the country revealed that about half of the respo ndents were happy with their marriages and relationships, while nearly 30_percent_said_they_were_bored_and 3.4perce nt they were in agony. 3percent said they were worried about their relationships and 12percent said they did not know ho w to describe their mixed_feelings.The_Huakun_Woman_Survey_Center,_a(n)_affiliat e_of the All-China Womens Federati on,_conducted_the survey of 2,000 women aged between 20 and 40 at the end of last year, Altogether_1,955_valid_quest ionnaires were collected. The average age of the surveyed woman was 35, and 70percent were married. About 57percent of the respondents had monthly incomes ranging-from 1,000yuan to 3,000yuan. Woman in Shanghai seemed to have the most-fulfilling-love lives, with more than 70 percent saying they felt happy. They were followed by woman in Beijing, Qing dao, Ningbo and Tianjin in terms of fulfillment. The survey also-revealed-that_marriages_tend_to_get_less_happy_the_longer_they_lasted .Pressure from work, problems with their childrens education and tough personal relationships were t he main causes of tension, according to the results of the survey.Unit 21. 因为对文化和艺术的热爱，让我们通过提高中文水平来利用我们的文化遗产吧。

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Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives;(8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation forthose who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reachingimpact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people ’ys e arning for a better life, so they have been carried forwardgeneration after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he istrying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfec tions in each other ’s character, otherwise theirmarriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。

因此，我们经常错过另一端传来的温馨的甜蜜。

爱情这部电话机通常不是程控的，也不是直拨的。

并非纯粹说声“喂”便可立即得到回音，更不是一个电话就能深深打动你爱人的心。

它通常需要人工转换，你得耐心等待。

命运是这部电话的接线员，她总是缺乏责任心，又爱搞恶作剧，或许有意无意地捉弄你一生。

Writing ProjectTask One1. James repeatedly failed the math quizzes, so he decided to drop the course.2. After we turned all the lights off, we locked the office door. / Before we locked the office door,we turned all the lights off.3. The concept that disposable plastic bags cause great environmental problems is taking rootamong the public.4. I have no idea when( 或that) she will be back.5. The power went off for an hour during the night, so all the clocks in the house must be reset.6. Most Americans love Chinese food, which is cooked in a different way from western food.7. The house which stands on top of the hill was built last year.8. I know the school where my nephew is learning English.9. Whenever you tell a lie, you do so at the expense of your reputation.10. It has been three years since I moved into this apartment.Further ReadingReading Comprehension1. Because Whitman had experienced hardships in life. He knew what life was but still held o ntothe belief that where there is life, there is beauty.2. To most of us, life has its bright side as well as dark side. Sometimes, life is full of hope, butthere are moments when we are deserted by it.3. Everyone in life has moments of joy.4. Because grumbling denies the existence of wonderful moments in life.5. The Beauty of Life means different things to different people. Everyone has his own definitionof the Beauty of Life. As long as we are cheerful and courageous, we average men can also find it everywhere in life.Unit 6 Why So Much Is Beyond WordsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) obvious; (2) the use of words; (3) non-verbal communication;(4) sending and receiving; (5) gesture; (6) object communication; (7) voice quality; (8) Likewise; (9) face-to-face interaction; (10) classifiedⅡ. Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. give off;2. superfluous;3. manipulate;4. meander;5. embrace;6. garrulous;7. dizzy;8. mimic;9. odor; 10. epochPart B1. primer;2. dazzling;3. marvel;4. commune;5. overt;6. quirky;7. prop;8. anonymous;9. duplicitous; 10. MysticalBank-Cloze(1) observations; (2) universal; (3) contract; (4) regardless of; (5) identify;(6) by and large; (7) set; (8) interpret; (9) imitate; (10) spontaneousTranslationPart A1. It is very hard to get across the cultural factors in their communications with local people toforeign visitors.2. The method of management in the past time of industry economy is doomed to be substitutedby new digital integration.3. Ambitious coaches cannot be so foolish as to indulge in sports at the expense of their schoolstudents.4. Sometimes people can ’t communicate successfully with each other just because they fall shortof utilizing appropriate facial expressions and gestures.5. The warranty does not hold good for any damage to the machine caused by accident orimproper use.Part B当美国人在谈话时，他们期望别人对其所讲的内容有所响应。

对他们来说，有礼貌的谈话者应该靠表现出的惊喜、讨厌、吃惊或悲哀的表情来与别人进行心灵的沟通。

人们会用怀疑的眼光看待将感情隐藏于毫无表情的、带着一张“扑克脸”的人。

美国人在谈话中也会以扬眉、点头、有礼貌的微笑以及保持适度的目光接触来表示他们对谈话者的注意。