中考专题：时间状语从句和条件状语从句学案

中考专题：时间状语从句和条件状语从句学案

Lead-in:

Q1:什么是状语？

通过一个简单例句的拓展，看看状语是什么

1.She bought a present.

主 + 谓 + 宾（无状语）

2. She bought a present hurriedly at the train station when the train was coming.

方式状语地点状语时间状语

3. She would buy a present at the train station if she had enough time.

地点状语条件状语

4. She bought a present at the train station with a lot of luggage in her arms.

地点状语伴随状语

5.She bought a present hurriedly at the train station because the train was coming.

方式状语地点状语原因状语

A:状语是说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式和伴随状况等的一种句子成分。

Q2:什么是状语从句？

根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句，比较状语从句，地点状语从句

本节课主要学习时间状从和条件状从。

一、时间状语从句（时间状语从句是由when, as, while, after, before, since, until, as soon as 等从属连词引导的状语从句。）

1.when用法

观察：①When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.

②When we arrived at the scene and see blood everywhere., we called an ambulance.

小结：表示“当(在)……时候”时，when相当于at that time或during that time，既指时间点，也可指一段时间，引导的从句可用瞬间动词，也可用延续性动词(相当于while) ；与主句所表达的动作有先后，也可同时进行。

翻译：我正要出去时电话响了。

My grandparents wrote letters to keep in touch with others they were young.

A.when

B. since

C. after

D. before

The manager of the hotel was waiting at the gate the guests arrived.

A.while

B. when

C. unless

D. after

2.while用法

while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从句一般用的是进行时，而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。

例：1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.

2. While they were talking, the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。

Mr. Black walked around and offered help we were doing an experiment.

A. while

B. although C .until D. unless

【注意】while 也可用作并列连词, 译为“然而，可是”，表示一种强烈的转折对比关系。例：We thought there were 35 students in the dining hall, in fact, there were 40.

I’d like to study law at university my cousin prefers geography.

3.as用法

1）as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。as 从句一般可以翻译成“边……边……”。as 从句用的一般不用进行时，而用一般过去时。

例如：The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔记。

2）as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as 只是一个次要的时间说明，不像while 从句有强调 while 动作本身的意思。因此，as 常常翻译成“随着……”之意。例：1. As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕。

2. As years go by，China is getting stronger and richer.

when, while, as 的互换

如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as 可以互换使用。

1. When /While /As we were dancing, a stranger came in. [dance 为延续性动词]

2. When /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter. [make为延续

比较while, when, as