强调句型

强调句型

强调句型是英语中常见句子结构，又是高考中的常见考点，其基本结构为“It + be + 被强调部分+ that／who+句子其余部分”，具体用法如下：

1．强调句型可强调的句子成分通常为主语、状语、宾语等，不能用来强调谓语动词、表语(主语补语)、让步状语、条件状语等；如：

It was in the park that I met my old teacher yesterday．(强调地点状语)

It was yesterday that I met my old teacher in the park．(强调时间状语)

It was my old teacher that I met in the park yesterday．(强调宾语)

It is Mr Smith who／that thinks Tom is a clever boy．(强调主语)

2．在强调句型中，连接词一般用that。如被强调的部分指人时，可用who(m)／that，其他一律用that，不能用which，where，when等。如：

It was at the gate that we met the inspectors this morning．

It is our parents，that／whom we often turn to for help．

3．在强调结构中，无论被强调的是人还是物，是单数还是复数，be动词一律用is／was形式，如果原句的谓语动词是一般过去时，就用was；如果是一般现在时，就用is。也可以用“情态动词+be”形式。如：

It is the monitor who wins the first prize in the exam．

It was the farmers who／that lived a hard life be fore liberation．

It might be yesterday that John bought a book for Mary．

It will be Xiao Wang who go with you．

4．强调句型也有疑问句形式。一般疑问句的强调形式，只需将is／was提前，移至句首即可，即：“Is／Was it…that…”。特殊疑问句的强调形式，须将陈述句变成一般疑问句，再在句首加上疑问词，即“疑问词(被强调部分)+is／was + it + that + 句子其余部分”。如：

Was it last year that the building was completed?

How was it that he went to school?

Where was it that you met your English teacher?

It was the day before yesterday that you lost the money，wasn’t it?

5．not…until…结构在强调句型中的运用：until引导的时间状语从句中可以用在强调句型中，其结构为“It is／was not until…that…”。如：

It was not until the class began that he came in．

It was not until last Friday that he finished reading the book．

6．当强调的是主语时，其谓语动词应和被强调的人和物保持人称、数的一致。如果被强调的主语是人称、代词，宜用主格，但有时也可用宾格。如：

It is who am going to attend the meeting．

It is Tom who often helps me with my English．

It was I／me who cleaned the classroom．

7．强调结构还常常出现在谚语里，表示“无论怎样……都不……”，是—种反语式的强调用法。这类句子往往含有一定的哲理性，故常用一般现在时。例如：

It’s a wise father who knows his own child。无论多聪明的父亲也不见得了解自己的孩子。

It’s an ill wind that blows nobody(any)good．此失则彼得(没有使所有的人都受害的坏事)。8．强调句型与定语从句、主语从句和状语从句的区别：一般说来，如果把句子中的“It is ／was…that”去掉，稍加调整语序，能还原成完整句子，且句子意思依然完整，则为强调句型；否则，应为其他句式。如：

It was a small house that I used to live in．(定语从句)

It was at the school gate that I met an old friend of mine．(强调句型)

It was seven o’clock when we reached the mountain village．(时间状语从句)

It was at seven o’clock that we reached the mountain village．(强调句型)

It is a pity that you didn’t see the film yesterday evening．(主语从句)

It is a good idea that we will have a swim this Sunday．(主语从句)

二、实例分析

例1：It was __________ it was raining so hard that we had to stay at home all day．

A．since B．for C．as D．because

[析]答案D项。强调句型只可以强调由because引导的原因状语从句，as／since／for引导的句子不能用在强调句中。

例2：I can't quite remember __________ I was taken to Beijing。

A．that it was when B．when it was that

C．when was it that D．that was it when

[析]答案为B项。可以这样来分析：

假设原句为：I was taken to Beijing when I was a child．对时间状语进行强调，变成：It was when I was a child that I was taken to Beijing．再变成特殊疑问句：When was it that I was taken to Beijing?再放到宾语从句中：I can’t remember when it was that I was taken to Beijing。

例3：It was the training __________ he had as a young man __________ made him such a good engineer．

A．what；that B．that；what C．that；which D．which；that [析]答案为D项。本句强调的是主语the training，其后又服which引导的定语从句，还原后应为：The training which he had as a young man made him a good engineer．

例4：It was __________ he said and something he did __________ disappointed me at that time. A．what；that；that B．that；what；that

C．what；what；that D．what；that；what

[析]答案为A项。此题的强调部分则为what引导的主语从句和something，而something后带有that引导的定语从句。

例5：Was it through the teacher __________ you came to realize the importance of learning English?

A．who B．whom C．how D．that

[析]答案为D项。此题强调的是介词短语through the teacher，而不是名词teacher。故A、B 项具有很强的迷惑性。

例6：It is the young man __________ looked for __________ caught the murderer．

A．that；who B．that；they C．they；that D．they；which

[析]答案为C项。本题考查了定语从句和强调句式。they looked for 前省略了关系代词that，that一方面引导定语从句，同时又在从句中做looked for的宾语，强调句为：It is the young man who／that caught the muderer．本句意思是“是那个他们在寻找的年轻人抓住了杀人犯”。

例7：Was it seven o'clock __________ you finished your task?

A．when B．that C．then D．which

[析]答案为A项。此题是含有when引导的时间状语从句，不是强调句型。

例8：She told us that it was a small mountain village __________ she lived with her grandparents．

A．that B．which C．where D．when

[析]答案为C项。此题中，where引导定语从句，同时又在从句中作状语。