2015年下教师资格证高级英语真题答案
2015-教师招聘英语真题及答案
Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed it to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought 31 . It was only a few days before Christmas and he was watching for a miracle (奇迹).This farmhouse had been 32 too long. It needed a family. Zigfried’s33 made a noise. He realized that he hadn’t eaten anything since yesterday. He jumped from the windowsill (窗沿), grabbed a 34 from his home, and went next door to Farmer Mike’s. Farmer Mike’s house had been a great place for the little mouse 35 the farmer married a wife who had a cat. Zigfried 36 when he thought of it. He looked around cautiously as he 37 into the room where grain was stored and was quite 38 as he filled his bag with wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he 39 a hot breath about his ear. His heart beat 40 , and without thinking he started to run and luckily 41 the cat’s paws (爪子).The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news: a 42 family would be moving into the farmhouse soon. Zigfried’s granny would arrive on Christmas Eve to43 with him. He hoped that the family would come before his granny came. Before long, a car came 44 the road leading to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate. Zigfried’s Christmas miracle did arrive!The house came 45 the next few days. Zigfried 46 every single hour of them. 47 , the day before Christmas when he was drinking hot chocolate with a 48 smile at the door of his home, he heard the 49 of the children of the family about what they might get for Christmas. What? A cat? The 50 froze on his face; his mouth fell wide open. After a long while, he at last found his voice: “Hey! Whose Christmas miracle is this?”31. A. carefully B. excitedly C. hopefully D. proudly32. A. shabby B. noisy C. messy D. empty33. A. mouth B. nose C. stomach D. throat34. A. bag B. stick C. bowl D. coat35. A. although B. until C. whereas D. unless36. A. leapt B. sniffed C. trembled D. withdrew37. A. broke B. marched C. paced D. stole38. A. curious B. nervous C. pitiful D. sensible39. A. took B. released C. felt D. drew40. A. strongly B. irregularly C. slowly D. wildly41. A. escaped B. seized C. rubbed D. scratched42. A. close B. happy C. new D. young43. A. celebrate B. communicate C. compete D. compromise44. A. across B. from C. off D. up45. A. alive B. loose C. open D. still46. A. counted B. enjoyed C. missed D. wasted47. A. However B. Instead C. Moreover D. Therefore48. A. bitter B. forced C. polite D. satisfied49. A. introduction B. discussion C. comment D. debate50. A. blood B. smile C. tear D. sweat31. C 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. Bs the compulsive overeating. 25. What can bingeing do to people? A. It keeps them free from stress. B. It causes them serious problems. C. It makes them feel good for a long time. D. It helps cure people of compulsive overeating. 26. We can infer from the second paragraph that compulsive overeating ______. A. can disappear after a time B. shouldn’t be taken seriously C. is usually caused by stress D. often goes into a bad pattern 27. The third paragraph mainly deals with ______. A. some symptoms of compulsive overeating B. the emotional reasons of compulsive overeating C. the health problems caused by compulsive overeating D. the development process of compulsive overeating 28. According to the last paragraph, strict dieting ______. A. helps people keep fit B. can be helpful in some way C. will benefit people in the long run D. works better than living by inflexible standards of eating 答案是bdabYou’ve probably heard the old saying “The grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.”你肯定听过这样一句谚语：“篱笆外的草总是分外绿”，别人的似乎总比我们好。
教师资格认定考试高级中学英语真题2015年下半年
教师资格认定考试高级中学英语真题2015年下半年一、单项选择题1. In English, the aspirated [p h] and the unaspirated [p] are ______. A（江南博哥）.minimal pairsB.in phonemic contrastC.two distinctive phonemesD.in complementary distribution正确答案：D[考点] 考查音系学知识。
[解析] 同一个音位在不同语音环境中的不同实现方式被称为该语音的音位变体。
不送气的音位变体[p]只出现在[s]后，送气的音位变体[p h]只出现在其他位置，它们从不出现在相同的环境中，因此它们处于互补分布(complementary distribution)状态。
2. [s] and [θ] can be distinguished by ______.A.manner of articulationB.place of articulationC.vibration of the vocal cordsD.aspiration of articulation正确答案：B[考点] 考查语音学中辅音的分类。
[解析] 辅音的描述方式主要有：发音方式和发音部位。
二者的区别在于发音部位。
[s]属于齿龈音，而[θ]属于齿间音。
3. You'll find this Travel Guide to be of great ______ in helping you and your children to get around Malaysia.A.costB.priceC.valueD.expenditure正确答案：C[考点] 考查名词辨析。
[解析] cost“费用，代价”，price“价格”，value“价值，重要性”，expenditure“支出，经费”。
2015年下半年中学教师资格认定考试(高级英语学科知识与教学能力)真题试卷
2015年下半年中学教师资格认定考试（高级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷(总分：66.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.In English, the aspirated[p h ]and the unaspirated[p]are______.A.minimal pairsB.in phonemic contrastC.two distinctive phonemesD.in complementary distribution √解析：解析：考查音系学知识。
此题句意是：在英语中，送气音位变体[p h ]和不送气的音位变体[p]是什么关系?在英语中，送气音[p h ]和不送气音[p]之间的区别不是音位性的，他们都属于同一个音位／p／，只是在不同的位置条件下表现为不同的语音。
[p h ]和[p]是两个不同的音子，即音位／p／的变化形式，叫作同一音位／p／的音位变体。
这两个音位变体处于互补分布状态，它们从不出现在相同的环境中。
故选D。
2./s/ and /θ/ can be distinguished by______.A.manner of articulationB.place of articulation √C.vibration of the vocal cordsD.aspiration of articulation解析：解析：考查辅音的分类。
按照发音方式，／s／和／θ／均属于擦音；按照发音部位(place of articulation)，／s／是齿龈音，／θ／是齿间音；二者都是清辅音且都送气。
故选B。
3.You'll find this Travel Guide to be of great______in helping you and your children to get around Malaysia.A.costB.priceC.value √D.expenditure解析：解析：考查名词辨析。
2015下教师资格证高中英语真题
B.Blacken.C.Oxen.He instantly became my hero as I was mired in difficult negotiations with my ten-year-old daughter over one. And frankly, she was winning. Was it possible to say no to my daughter, as CK suggested? I hadn't even known I was allowed to, if the guinea pigs, the dogs, and things for her doll Molly were any indication. CK rationalized, "I am not raising the children. I'm raising the grown-ups that they are going to be. So just because the other stupid kids have phones doesn't mean that my kid has to be stupid." Now I knew I didn't want my kid to grow up stupid like her friends. I needed to explain this to her. This is what CK told Conan and me.Cell phones are "toxic, especially for kids," he said, because they don't help them learn em-pathy, one of the nicer human emotions. When we text, we don't see or hear a visceral reaction.The response we get is cold and hard text-message. "Why are kids mean?" He asked. "Because they're trying it out. They look at another kid and say, 'You're fat.' Then they see the kid's face scrunch up and think that doesn't feel good." Texting "you're fat" allows you to bypass the pain.CK went on to explain that smart phones rob us of our ability to be alone. Kids use smart phones to occupy their time: Must text! Must play game! Must look up more tiny socks online for Molly CK asked, what happened to zoning out? After all, one of the joys of being human is allowing our minds to wander, with cell phones, kids are always preoccupied. They never daydream, except in class. And here's something else we're missing: our right to be miserable. This was a right I hadn't realized I desired until CK pointed out that it's another essential human emotion. CK gave the example of driving by yourself and suddenly realizing that you're alone. Not "Oh,guess I can't use thelane" alone. Dark, brooding sadness causes so many drivers to grab that smart phone and reach out to another living soul."Everybody's murdering each other with their cars" as they text because they dread being alone. Too bad--they're missing out on a life-affirming experience."I was in my car one time, and Bruce Springsteen's 'Jungle land' came on. He sounds so far away, making me really sad. And I think I've got to get the phone and write hi to 50 people. I was reaching for the phone, and I thought, don't! Just be sad."So CK pulled over and allowed himself to sob like a little girl denied a nice thing for her American Girl doll. "It was beautiful. Sadness is poetic. You're lucky to live sad moments," he said. Because he didn't fight it and allowed himself to be miserable, his body released endorphins. "Happiness rushed in to meet the sadness. I was grateful to feel sad, and then I met it with true profound happiness. The thing is, because we don't want that first bit of sad, we push it away with that little phone. So you never feel completely sad or completely happy. You just feel kind of satis-fied. And then you die. That's why I don't want to get phones for my kids".B.Cell phones have made children's life at school colorful and exciting.C.Experiencing loneliness or sadness is as beneficial as enjoying happiness.D.Cell phones may offer people the quickest way to findthemselves occupy rather spacious residences--ignore the squalor and lack of privacy to be found in Kinshasa, Mumbai or the other crowded cities of the poor world. Many of them are far too dense for dignified living, and need to spread out.The Western suburbs to which so many aspire are healthier than their detractors say. The modern Stepfords are no longer white monocultures, but that is progress. For every Ferguson there are many American suburbs that have quietly become black, Hispanic or Asian, or a blend of every-one. Picaresque accounts of decay overlook the fact that America's suburbs are half as criminal and a little more than half as poor as central cities. Even as urban centers revive, more Americans move from city centre to suburb than go the other way.But the West has also made mistakes, from which the rest of the world can learn. The first lesson is that suburban sprawl imposes costs on everyone. Suburbanites tend to use more roads and consume more carbon than urbanites (though perhaps not as much as distant commuters forced out by green belts). But this damage can be alleviated by a carbon tax, by toll roads and by charging for parking. Many cities in the emerging world have followed the foolish American practice of re-quiring property developers to provide a certain number of parking spaces for every building--something that makes commuting by car much more attractive than it would be otherwise. Scrap-ping them would give public transport a chance.The second is that it is foolish to try to stop the spread of suburbs. Green belts, the most ef-fective method for doing this, push up property prices and encourage long-distance commuting. The cost of housing in London, already astronomical, went up by 19% in the past year, reflectingnot just the city's strong economy but also the impossibility of building on its edges. The insistence on big minimum lot sizes in some American suburbs and rural areas has much the same effect. Cities that try to prevent growth through green belts often end up weakening themselves, as Seoul has done.A wiser policy would be to plan for huge expansion. Acquire strips of land for roads and rail-ways, and chunks for parks, before the city sprawls into them. New York's 19th-century governors decided where Central Park was going to go long before the city reached it. New York went on to develop in a way that they could not have imagined, but the park isstill there. This is not the state control of the new-town planner--that confident soul who believes he knows where people will want to live and work, and how they will get from one to the other. It is the realism needed to manage the inevitable. A model of living that has broadly worked well in the West is spreading, adapting to local conditions as it goes. We should all look forward to the time when Chinese and Indian teenagers write sulky songs about theC.Local conditions should be taken into account in suburbanization.D.Americans prefer to live in suburbs regardless of urbanteaching contentskey and difficult pointsmajor steps and time allocationactivities and justifications教学时间：20分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中二年级第一学期学生，班级人数40人。
2015下半年高中《英语学科知识》教师资格证考试统考真题和答案解析
完美 WORD 格式2014 年下半年高中《英语学科知识》教师资格证考试统考真题及答案一、选择题（本大题共30 小题，每小题 2 分，共60 分）在每小题列出的四个备选选项中选择一个最佳答案，请用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案字母按要求涂黑。
错选、多选或未选均无分。
1.which of the following is the proper pronunciation of “ have to“as a result of assimilation?A. ／ hef tu ／B. ／ hev tu ／C. ／ h?f tu ／D.／ h? v tu ／2.which of the following shows the proper rhythmical pattern of the sentence?A. ′ Come to ′ see us at our ′ new a`partmentB.`Come to`see us at`our new`apartmentC.`Come to`see us`at our`new`apartmentD.`Come to`see us`at our`new a`parement3.He came to dinner and my mom fixed a roast,prime rib,pie,yohurt,dri nks,and that kind of ＿,and it was really good.A.meatB.stuffC.staffD.Dish4.Unlike her ＿sister,Judith is a shy,unsociable person who dislike to go to parties or to make new friends.A.charmingB.friendlyC.graciousD.Gregarious5.He pledged support for “＿ care ”，where youngsters were looked after be close relatives like aunts or uncles,but not parents.A.familyB.kinshipC.siblingD.Relative6.I will never know all that was in his head at the time,＿ .A.nor will anyone elseB.nor anyone else willC.nor won′ t anyone elseD.nor anyone else won′ t7.She doesn′t want to work right now because she thinks that if she＿a job she probably wouldn ′t be able to visit her friends very often.A.has to getB.were to getC.had gotD.could have got8.What is the correct way to read the decimal “ 106.16 ” in English?A.One hundred and six point one sixB.One hundred and six point six teenC.One hundred and six points one sixD.One hundred and six points s ixteen9.When any of the maxims under the Cooperative Principle is floutedon purpose,might arise.A.ambiguous structureB.contradictory propositionC.mutual understandingD.conversational implicature10.Indian English is a＿ variety of the English language.A.socialB.regionalC.historicD.Situational11.In teaching pronunciation,the teacher should tell the students that＿can be used to convey more important messages.A.rhymeB.stressC.devoicingD.Rhythm12.When a teacher asks students to discuss how the writer ˊs ideas are organized in the text,he/she intends to develop studentsˊskill of ＿ .13.Which of the following focus(es)on accuracy in teaching grammar?A.simulationB.substitution drillsC.role playD.Discussion14.When a teacher says“Next,please pay attention to the time of arrival and departure ofthe planes in the recording.”,he ／ she intends to develop students＇skill of ＿ .A.predictingB.getting the general pictureC.distinguishing soundsD.getting specific information15.If a teacher asks students to list as many ways as they can to tell someone to open the door and list the possible functions ofa sentence in different contexts.he／she is probably trying to highlight＿.16.The teacher would use＿to help students communicate in teaching speaking.A.substitution drillsB.group discussionC.listening and actingD.reading aloud17. ＿assessment is used to measure how the performance of a particular st udent or group of students compares with that of another.A.Criterion-referencedB.Norm-referencedC.FormativeD.Summative18.Which of the following teacher＇s instruction could serve the purpose of eliciting ideas?A.Shall we move on?B.Read after me,everyoneC.What can you see in this pictureD.What does the world“ quickly”mean?19.Which of the following is an example of teachers ＇indirect corrective feedback?A.Say “ went ” instead of “go”B.We never use “ at ” that wayC.Choice A is not the right answerD.Who can help him with this se ntence?20.Total Physical Response as a TEFL method is more often used for teaching＿.A.childrenB.adultsC.ESP courseD.GE course请阅读 passage1, 完成第21～25小题Passage1Unless you spend much time sitting in a college classroom or browsin g through certain areas of the Internet,it＇s possible that you had not heard of trigger warnings until a few weeks ago,when they made an appearance in the Times.The newspaper exp lained that the term refers to preemptive alters,issued by a professo r or an class might be sufficiently graphic to spark symptoms of po st-traumatic-stress disorder.The term seems to have originated in online feminist forums,where tri gger warnings have for some years been used to flag discussion of r ape or other sexual violence.The Times piece,which was skeptically tit led“warnings are moving from the online fringes to the classroom,and mi ght be more broadly applied to highlight in advance the distress or offense that a work of literature might cause. “ Huckleberry Finn ”would come with a warning for those who have experienced racism;The Merchant of Venice would have an anti-Semitism warning attached.The ca ll from students for trigger warnings was spreading on campuses such as Oberlin,where a proposal was drafted that would advise professors to“be aware of racism,classism,sexism,and other issues of privilege and oppression”in devising their syllabi;and Rutgers,where a student argued in the c ampus newspaper that trigger warnings would contribute to preserving t he classroom as a“ safe space ” for students.Online discussion of trigger warnings has sometimes been guardedly sym pathetic,sometimes critical.Jessica Valenti has noted on The Nation ＇s website that potential triggers for trauma are so manifold as tobe beyond the possibility of cataloguing:“There is no triggers for warning for living your life.”Some have suggested that a professor＇s ability to teach would be compromised should it become commonplace for“ The Great Gatsby ”to hear a trigger warning alerting readers to the disgusting characte rs and incidents within its pages.Others have worried that trigger-warning advocates,in seeking to protect the vulnerable,run the risk of d isempowering them instead,“Bending the world to accommodate our personal frailties does not he lp us overcome them” ,Jenny Jarvie wrote on The New Republic＇s online site.Jarvie＇s piece,like many others on the subject,cited the University of Calif ornia,Santa Barbara,as a campus where champions of trigger warnings ha ve made significant progress.Earlier this year,students at U.C.S.B.agree d upon a resolution recommending that such warnings be issued in ins tances where classroom materials might touch upon“rape,sexual assault,abuse,self-injurious behavior,suicide,and graphic vio lence ” .The resolution was brought by a literature student who said t hat,as a past victim of sexual violence,she had been shocked when a teacher showed a movie in class which depicted rape,without giving advance notice of the content.The student hoped to spare others the possibility of experiencing a post-traumatic-stress reaction.The trigger-warning debate may,by comparison,seem hard to understand;but express a large cultural preoccupation with achieving safety,and a f ear of living in its absence.The hope that safety might be found,asin a therapist＇s office,in a classroom where literature is being taught is in direc t contradiction to one purpose of literature,which is to give express ion through art to difficult and difficult and uncomfortable ideas,and thereby to enlarge safe space,nor,probably,should it be.But it＇s difficult to fault those who hope that it might be,when the outsi de world constantly proves itself pervasively hostile,as well as,on oc casion,horrifically violent.21.Which of the following groups of people are most in favor of “trigger warning ” ?A.StudentsB.ReportersC.FeministsD.Professors22.Which of the following might be a possible change to be brought about by trigger warning to literature teaching?A.Teachers will abandon materials related to racism,sexism,violence,etc.B.Teachers will ignore students＇ s requests for a“ safe space ”in designing their syllabi.C.Teachers will give students advance notice of the content that is likely to distress or offend them.D.Teachers will allow students to express different and uncomfortable ideas to enlarge their experience.23.What does the author mean by“ compromised ” in PARAGRAPH3?A.QuestionedB.ImprovedC.ChallengedD.Weakened24.What does“ them” in PARAGRAPH3refer to?A.RisksB.FrailtiesC.TraumasD.Possibilities25.Which of the following can be the negative impact that trigger wa rning exerts on literature teaching according to the writer?A.It may highlight the purpose of literature teaching.B.It may expose students to the dark side of the world.C.It may deprive students of their intellectual growth.D.It may cause students to experience a post-traumatic-stress disorder.请阅读 passage2, 完成 26～30小题。
2015年职称英语综合A真题及答案汇总
2015综合A真题及答案第一部分词汇选项1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my classa. controlb. observec. regulated. accept2 .she showed a natural aptitude for the work.a. senseb. talentc. flavord. taste3. most people find rejection hard to accept.a.Excuseb. clientc. refusald. destiny4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.a.Pleasedb. powerfulc. braved. sensible5. They were locked in mortal combat.a.Deadlyb. openc. actuald. active6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.a.Amountb. supplyc. temptd. sum7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.a.Clearb. necessaryc. speciald. correct8. The stock exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.a.Serviceb. dangerc. disorderd. threat9 .He believed that Europe must change or it will perish.A.Survive b. last c. die d. move10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.a.Fairb. fullc. coexistingd. public11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.a.Policyb. valuec. equalityd. integration12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.a.Principalb. officialc. simpled. legal13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation.a.Silenceb. praisec. assured. complain14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear.a.Emotionalb. nervousc. terribled. continuous15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.monb. unexpectedc. unforgettabled. pitiful第二部分阅读判断缺第三部分概括大意与完成句子缺第四部分阅读理解第1篇Is There a Way to Keep the Britain’s Economy Growing?【有促进英国经济增长的办法吗?】【出自综合教材概完第11篇】In today's knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank1 says the UK's four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses.Instead, they're hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keepthe British economy going? The British government thinks it can.Although the country's trade deficit was more than ￡60 billion in 2006, UK's largest in the postwarperiod, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-classpharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services —accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge2 ofthe knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock “n” roll3 is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by theircutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UK's exports of goods and services. Theindustries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowment for Science,Technology and the Arts4. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in"innovation activities", 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) andSweden (47 percent).In fact, it might be better to call Britain a "servant" economy — there are at least 4 million people "inservice". The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of theirchildren. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector — in shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.第2篇 The Sandwich Generation【三明治一代】【出自综合教材补全第14篇】Today people often look forward to their middle age as a time when they will be able to take things easier. After their children are grown, they expect to enjoy the life they have worked hard to create. However the reality is often very different.In middle age, many people discover that they have two ongoing responsibilities1: one is to look after their aging parents,and the other is to help their young adult children deal with the pressures of life. Around the world, there are millions of people who are “sandwiched”in between the older and the younger generations. Sometimes there may be two or three generations living in the same household — a situation that is common in many Asian countries and in some parts of Europe. In other cases, a couple may be taking care of parents and children, but they do not live with them.There are two important reasons for the rise of the sandwich generation. First, people are living longer than they used to. In the early nineteenth century, the average life expectancy for adults in the United States，for example，was about 40，whereas today people live to an average age of 75. Therefore, children are taking care of their parents over a longer period of time. The second reason is that these days, young adults often live with their parents for a longer time than they did in the past. This is often for fin ancial reasons. It’s also more common for today’s young adults to return home during or after college if they need financial or emotional support.2People who take care of elderly parents often face difficult issues. They may have to cover expenses that th eir parents cannot. They may have to manage their parents’ financial and legal affairs. They may have to prepare for their parents’ future needs, such as special medical care or a move to a nursing home. This can be a traumatic experience for everyone.Caring for adult children presents challenges as well, and caregivers have to resolve important questions; How can financial responsibilities be shared among members of the household? How can household chores be shared? What is the best way to ensure everyone’s privacy? Successfully coping with these issues can avoid a lot of stress for the whole family.The financial and emotional pressures on the sandwich generation can be overwhelming. However, this time in life also has its rewards. It can be a time to rediscover the special qualities of one’s parents or children.It can also provide a valuable opportunity to spend more time with them. However, in order to survive this difficult period in their lives, the members of the sandwich generation must remember that they also need to pay attention to their own needs and look after the quality of their own lives. They can’t be totally selfless.第3篇缺第五部分补全短文缺第六部分完形填空The Beginning of American Literature【美洲文学的开端】【出自综合教材阅读第49篇】American has always been a land of beginnings. After Europeans “ discovered” America in the fifteenth century, the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life, an escape from poverty and persecution, a chance to start again. We can say that, as nation, America begins with that hope. When, however, does American literature begin?American literature begins with American experiences. Long before the first colonists arrived, before Christopher Columbus, before the Northmen who found America about year 1,000, Native Americans lived here. Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land. Another kind of experience, one filled with fear and excitement, found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, French and English. In addition, the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness' tell unforgettable tales of hard end sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.Experience, then, is the key to early American literature. The New World provided a great variety of experiences, and experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers. These writers included John Smith, who spent only two-and-a-half year: on the American, continent. They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd，who thought of themselves as British subjects, never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own. American Indians, explorers, Puritan ministers, frontier wives, plantation owner一they are all the creators of the first American literature.。
参考答案与解析_2015年职称英语考试历年真题详解及全真模拟试卷（理工类）_[共6页]
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1.【答案】D 【解析】句意为：带一些备用的衣服 , 以防你淋湿了。spare“多余的”，四个选项：A. fine，好的； B. winter，冬天的；C. outdoor，户外的；D. extra，额外的。 2.【答案】D 【解析】句意为：后来只有一种失望的感觉。let-down“失望”，四个选项：A. excitement，兴奋； B. anger，愤怒；C. calm，平静；D. disappointment，失望。 3.【答案】A 【解析】句意为：艾滋病大会将在格拉斯哥举行。convention“大会”，四个选项：A. conference， 会议；B. party，派对；C. celebration，庆祝；D. union，联盟，协会。 4.【答案】C 【解析】句意为：这项新服务帮助税前利润提高 10%。boost，“提高，增强”，四个选项：A. return， 返回；B. realize，实现；C. increase，增加；D. double，翻番。 5.【答案】A 【解析】句意为：一些评论在自找麻烦。invite“邀请”，四个选项：A. asking for，请求，寻找；B. keeping out of，置身于外；C. getting into，进入，陷入；D. suffering from，遭受。 6.【答案】C 【解析】句意为：他的法语知识是还不错的。fair，在口语中有“不错，说得过去”的意思，四个 选项：A. very useful，非常有用的；B. very limited，非常有限的；C. quite good，非常好的；D. rather special，相当特殊的。 7.【答案】D 【解析】句意为：这本书引起了风暴般的争议。controversy“争议”，四个选项：A. damage，破坏； B. voice，声音；C. doubt，怀疑，疑问；D. argument，争论。 8.【答案】B 【 解 析 】 句 意 为： 我 主 要 担 心 的 是 快 速 完 成 工 作。principal“ 首 要 的， 主 要 的 ”， 四 个 选 项：A. serious，认真的，严肃的；B. main，主要的；C. deep，深入的；D. particular，特别的。 9.【答案】D 【 解 析 】 句 意 为： 空 间 的 缺 乏 禁 止 了 这 一 话 题 的 进 一 步 处 理。forbid“ 禁 止 ”， 四 个 选 项：A. receives，收到；B. deserves，值得；C. accepts，接受；D. prevents，阻止。 10.【答案】A 【解析】句意为：他关于食物做了许多的粗略的标记。remark“评论”，四个选项：A. comments， 评论；B. signs，标记；C. manners，方式；D. noises，噪声。 11.【答案】B 【解析】句意为：他们正试图确定当前系统出了什么问题。identity，“确定”，四个选项：A. prove， 证明；B. discover，发现；C. consider，考虑；D. imagine，想象。 12.【答案】B 【解析】句意为：当他看到她时他的心突然跳了。leap，“跳跃”，四个选项：A. hope，希望；B.
2015下半年教师资格证考试初级中学《英语学科知识与教学能力》真题及答案
2015年11月1日教师资格证考试初级中学《英语学科知识与教学能力》真题及答案1.Which of the following correctly describes the English phoneme/θ/？A A voiceless dental fricativeB A voiceless alveolar fricativeC A voiceless dental plosiveD A voiceless alveolar plosive [答案] A2.Which of the following consonant clusters may not serve as the beginning of a word?A /spr/B /skw/C /str/D /swt/[答案] D3.The gold medal was ____ to MS Barrette for her excellent performance in the drama.A distributedB contributedC awardedD rewarded[答案] C4.The visitors had made so much ____that Mr. Water had to spend several days to cleaning up afterwards.A troubleB disturbanceC damageD mess[答案] D5.How many morphemes does the w ord “telecommunication” contain?A 1B 2C 3D 4[答案] D6.In the foreign languages bookstore ____to be found books in various languages.A isB is beenC areD are been[答案] C7.A person needs to know who he/she is before being able to know what____ makes him or her happy.A is it thatB it is thatC is it whichD it is which[答案] B8.There____ nothing more for discussion, the conference to an end 20 minutes earlier.A beB to beC beingD to have been[答案] C9.Which of the following is an entailment of the utterance “Annie broke the window”?A Annie was carelessB Annie was disruptiveC Annie did something to the windowD It is Annie who broke the window [答案] D10.The following conversation clearly violates the____.A: How do you finally go to school?B: The bus is so fast so I got to school very early.A Maxim of QuantityB Maxim of RelationC Maxim of QualityD Maxim of Manner[答案] B11.Which of the following statements about a lesson plan is inappropriate?A It is a teaching guide.B It is a blueprint to be strictly followed.C It takes into account syllabus and students.D It describes in advance what and how to teach.[答案] B12.Skilled-integrated activities allow teachers to build in more____ intoa lesson, for the range of activities will be wider.A certainlyB simplicityC varietyD accuracy [答案] C13.A language proficiency test that only consists of multiple-choice questions lacks____.A construct validityB content validityC test reliabilityD scorer reliability[答案] A14.When a teacher asks students to rearrange a set of sentences into a logical paragraph he/she is trying to draw their attention to____.A grammerB vocabularyC sentence patternsD textual coherence [答案] D15.Which of the following activities would help students develop the skill of extracting specific information?A Infering meaning from the contextB Reco gnizing the author’s belief and attitudesC Using information in the reading passage to make hypothesesD Listening to the flight information to see if the plane is on time [答案] D16.Which of the following activities can be used to check students’s understanding of difficult sentences in the text?A ParaphrasingB Blank-fillingC Story-tellingD Summarizing [答案] A17.When a teacher organizes group work, which of the following might be of the Least Concern?A Increasing peer interactionB Increasing individual practiceC Developing language accuracyD Providing variety and dynamics[答案] C18.If a teacher asks students to collect, compare and analyze certain sentence patterns, he/she aims at developing students’____.A discourse awarenessB cultural awarenessC strategic competenceD linguistic competence[答案] D19.When a teacher says to the whole class, “stand up and act out the dialogue ”, he/she is playing the role of a(n)____.A monitorB organizerC assessorD prompter[答案] B20.Which of the following may better check students’s ability of usinga grammatical structure ?A Having them work out the ruleB Having them give some examplesC Having them explain the meaningD Having them explain the structure[答案] BPassage 1FROM James Moriarty to Ernst Stavro Blofeld, the idea of the evil genius has been a staple of storytelling. But is it true? Or, to put the matter less starkly, is there a connection between creativity and dishonesty in real people who are not bent on world domination, as well as in fictional supervillains? Writing in Psychological Science, Francesca Gino of Harvard University and Scott Wiltermuth of the University of Southern California suggest that there is—and that cheating actually increases creativity.Dr Gino and Dr Wiltermuth tested the honesty of 153 volunteers with a task that involved adding up numbers for a cash reward, which was presented in a way that seemed to them to allow them to cheat undetected (though the researchers knew when they did). This was sandwiched between two tests for creativity, one of which was to work out how to fix a candle to a cardboard wall with a box of drawing pins*, and the other aword-association test. This combination showed not only that creative people cheat more, but also that cheating seems to encourage creativity—for those who cheated in the adding-up test were even better at word association than their candle-test results predicted.That result was confirmed by a second set of experiments, in which some people were given many opportunities to cheat and others few. The crucial predictor of creativity, the researchers confirmed, was the actual amount of cheating, not any propensity to cheat.A third experiment tested the idea that this is because both creativity and dishonesty require, as it were, a flexible attitude to rules. In this experiment volunteers were asked about their attitude to bossy signs, such as “no cycling” and “no diving” notices, after being allowed to cheat (again, in a way transparent to the experimenters) on a coin-tossing test. Cheats, it turned out, were less constrained to obey such signs.It is, it goes without saying, a long way from such acts of petty defiance to building a lair inside an extinct volcano and threatening Washington from it—or even to non-fictional acts of serious crime. But some sortof link exists, so this research does indeed suggest that Arthur Conan Doyle and Ian Fleming were on to something.21.What can be concluded from the passage about Janves Moriaty and Ernst Stavro Blofield?A They are two evil geniuses.B They are two psychologists.C They are two story-tellers.D They are two researchers.[答案] A22.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase ”were on to something” in the last paragraph?A were inspired by somethingB were going to do somethingC were worried about somethingD were aware of the nature[答案] D23.Which of the following describes the sequence of Dr. Wiltermuth’s research?A candle test, word assoviation test, adding-up testB candle test, word association test, adding-up testC adding-up test, candle test, word association testD adding-up test, word association test, candle test24.What does the underlined words “ the other” in paragraph 2 refer to ?A The trickB The testC The rewardD The combination [答案] B25.What conclusion can be drawn from this passage?A The more a person cheats, the more creative he is .B Cheating is likely to encourage creativity to some extent.C A person who cheats is more creative than a person who doesn’tD A person who is creative cheats more than A person who is less creative. [答案] BPassage 2While in Rome a few years ago my family and I made a point of eating pizza. 简答题31.请说明精听与泛听的区别，并分别简述教师应该如何指导学生进行精听与泛听的训练。
2015年下高中英语科目三真题word 完整版
Why2015下半年中小学教师资格证考试英语学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）一、单项选择题1.In English,the aspirated[p h ]and the uaspirated [p] are_______ .A.mininal pairsB.in phonemic contrastC.two distinctive phonenesD.in complementary distribution[答案]D2.[s]and[θ]can be distinguished by______ .A.manner of articulationB.place of articulationC.vibration of the vocal cordsD.aspiration of articulation[答案]B3.You’ll find this Travel Guide to be of great________ in helping you and your children to get around Malaysia.A.costB.priceC.valueD.expenditure[答案]C4.When the train _______ all the school students were surprised too see that the Carlisle team had one man only.A.pulled downB.pulled onC.pulled offD.pulled in[答案]D5.Which of the following words contains an inflectional morpheme?A.DisappearB.BlackenC.OxenD.Anti-pollution[答案]C6.Reading is to the mind ______ food is to the body.A.thatB.whichC.asD.what[答案]D7.He had no time and energy to play with his children or shop with his wife,but he ________ home a regular salary.A.did bringB.does bringC.did getD.does get[答案]A8.In fact,they would rather have left for London _______ in Birmingham.A.to stayB.in order to stayC.than have stayedD.instead of having stayed[答案]C9._______ makes it possible for language users to overcome the limitations of time and space in communication.A.ArbitrarinessB.DualityC.ProductivityD.Displacement[答案]D10.The sense relation of the following pair of sentences is that______.X:Marry’s pet cat was stolen.Y:Marry’s has a pet catA.X entails YB.X presupposes YC.X is inconsistent with YD.X is synonymous with Y [答案]B11.Which of the following statements about a lesson plan is inappropriate?A.It is a teaching guide.B.It is a blueprint to be strictly followed.C.It takes into account syllabus and students.D.It describes in advance what and how to teach.[答案]B12.Still-integrated activities allow teachers to build in more ______ into alesson, for the range of activities will be wider.A.certaintyB.simplicityC.varietyD.accuracy[答案]C13.A language proficiency test that only consists of multiple-choice questions lacks______.A.construct validityB.content validityC.test reliabilityD.scorer reliability[答案]A14.When a teacher asks students to rearrange a set of sentences into alogical paragraph,he/she is trying to draw their attention to__________.A.GrammarB.vocabularyC.sentence patternsD.textual coherence [答案]D15.Which of the following activities would help students develop the skill of extracting specific information ?A.Infcrrig meaning from the context.B.Recognizing the author’s belefs and attitudesing information in the reading passage to make hypotheses.D.Listening to the flight information to see if the plance is on time.[答案]D16.Which of the following activities can be used to check students’understanding of difficult sentences in the text?A.PataphrasingB.Blank-fillingC.Story-tellingD.Summarizing[答案]A17.When a teacher organizes group work,which of the following might be of the lassar concern?A.Increasing peer interaction.B.Increasing individual practice.C.Developing language accuracy.D.Providing variety and dynamics.[答案]C18.If a teacher asks students to collect,compare and analyze certain sentence patterns,he/she aims at developing students’________.A.monitoranizerC.assessorD.prompter[答案]D19.When a teacher says to the whole class,“Stand up and act out the dialogue”,he/she is playing the role of a(n)________.A.moitoranizerC.assessorD.prompter[答案]B20.Which of the following may better check students’ability of using a grammatical structure?A.Having them work out the rule.B.Having them give some examples.C.Having them explain the meaning.D.Having them explain the structure.[答案]BPassage 1When asked by Conan if his daughters had smart phones eomedian Louis CK explained that he had successfully fended them off by simply replying.“No,you cannot have it.It is bad for you .”He instantly became my hero as I was mired in difficult negotiations with my tee-year-old daughter over one.And frankly,she was winning.Was it possible to say no to my daughter,as CK suggested ?I had not even known I was allowed to,if the guinea pigs,the dogs,and things for her doll Molly were any indiedtion.CK rationalized,“I am not raising the children .I am raising the grown-ups that they are going to be.So just because the other stupid kids have phones does not mean that my kid has to stupid.”Now I knew I did not want my kid to grow up stupid like her friends.I needed to explain this to her.This is what CK told Conan and me.Cell phones are“toxic,especially for kids”,he said,because they don’t help them learn empathy,one of the nicer human emotions.When we text,we do not see or hear a visceral reaction .The response we get is in cold,hard text-speak.Why are kids mean he asked.“Because they’re trying it out.They look at another kid and go.‘You’re fat.’Then they see the kid’s face scrunch up and think that doesn’t feel good.”Texting “you’re fat”allows you to bypass the pain.CK went on to explain to us that smart phones rob us of our ability to be alone.Kids use smart phones to occupy their time:Must text! Must play game!Must look up more tiny American Girls socks online for Molly!!!CK asked,what happened to zoningout?After all,one of the joys of being human is allowing our minds to wander.With cell phones,kids are always preoccupied.They never daydream,expect in class.And here’s something else we’re missing :our right to be miserable.This was a right I hadn’t realized I desired until CK pointed out that it’s yet another of the essentail human emotions.CK gave the example of driving by yourself and auddenly realizing that you’re alone.Not “Oh,guess I can’t use the lane.”alone.Dark,brooding sadness causes so mangy drivers to grab smart phone and reach out to another living soul.“Everybody’s murdering each other with their cars”as they text because they dread being alone.Too bad-they’re missing out on a life-affirming experience.“I was in my car one time,and Bruce Springsteen’s ‘Jungleland’came on.He sounds so far away,making me really sad.And I think ,I’ve got to get the phone and write hi to 50 people.I was reaching for the phone,and I thought ,don’t !Just be sad.”So CK pulled over and allowed himself to sob like a little girl denicd a nice thing for her American Girl doll.“It was beautiful. Sadness is poetic.You’re lucky to live sad moments,”he said.Because he didn’t fight and allowed himself to be sadness I was grateful to feel sad,and then I met it with true profound happiness.The thing is,because we don’t want that first bit of sad,we push it away with that little phone.So you never feel complectly sad or completcly happy.You just feel kind of satisfied.And then you die.That’s why I don’t want to get phones for my kids”.And I suppose I don’t either.21.Why did the author CK as her hero?A.CK was a good father and a very brave comedian in her eyes.B.CK didn’t agree to by smart phones for his young daughters.C.She was very impressed by his solution to the smart phone problem.D.She was encouraged by him not to make any compromises to her daughter.[答案]C22.What does the underlined word “one”in PARAGRAPH TWO refer to?A.A dogB.A dollC.A guinea pigD.A smart phone[答案]D23.Why did CK refuse to buy his kids cell phones?A.He didn’t like cell phones at all and thought they were poisonous,especially,for kids.B.He believed that cell phones were ruining kids’ abilities to experience their own lives.C.He worried that his kids would play their phones in class and absent-minded.D.He was a different kind of father who would like to raise his kids in a different way.24.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined phrase“zoning out” in PARAGRAPH FOUR?A.Losing concentrationB.Being aloneC.Buying things on line.D.Playing games.[答案]A25.Which of the following os true according to the article?A.Text message have allowed children to learn and feel empathy.B.Cell phones have made children’s life at school colorful and exciting.C.Experiencing loneliness or sadness is as beneficial as enjoying happiness.D.Cell phones may offer people the quickest way to find someone to talk to. [答案]CPassage 2Until a decade or two ago,the center of many Western cities were emptying while their edges were spreding.This was not for the reasons normally cited.Neither the car nor the motorway caused suburban sprawl,although they sped it up:cities were spreading before either came along.Nor was the flight to the suburbs caused by racism.Whites fled inner-city neighborhoods that were becoming black,but they also fled ones that were not.Planning and zoning rules encouraged sprawl,as did tax breaks for home ownership- but cities spread regardless of these.The real cause was mass affluence.As people grew richer,they demanded more privacy and space.Only a few could afford that in city centers;the rest moved out.The same process is now occurring in the developing world,but much more quickly.The population density of metropolitan Beijing has collapsed since 1970,falling from 425 people per hectare to 65.Indian cities are following;Brazil’s are ahead. And suburbanization has a long way to run.Beijing is now about as crowded as metropolitan Chicago was at its most closely packed,in the 1920s. Since then Chicago’s density has fallen by almost three-quarters.This is welcome.Romantic notions of sociable,high-density living-notions pushed ,for the most part ,by people who themselves occupy rather spacious residences-ignore the squalor and lack of privacy to be found in Kinshasa,Mumbai or the other crowded cities of the poor world.Many of them are far too dense for dignified living,and need to spread out.Could not imaginede,but the park is still there.This is not the state control of the plannera-- that confident soul who believes he knows where people will want to live and work,and how they will get from one to the other.It is the realize needed to manage the inevitable.A model of living that has broadly worked well in the Web is spreading,adapting to local conditions as if goes.We should all look forward to the time when Indian teenagers write sulky songs about the appalling______of_____.26.For which of the following reasons did the west move out of cities?A.They did not need to pay higher taxes when living in suburbs.B.Car industry rapidly developed and motorways swiftly emerged.C.They discriminated against the black people living in city centers.D.The richer they grew,the more demand they had on privacy an apace.[答案]D27.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “detractors”in PARAGRAPH FOUR ?A.UrbanitesB.ProponentsC.OpponentsD.Suburbanites[答案]C28.What does the underlined word “them”in PARAGEAPHFIVE refer to ?A.Paking spacesB.Green beltsC.Distant commutersD.Property developers [答案]A29.Which of the following best reflects the author’s view of suburbanization?A.Measures should be taken to prevent the growth of suburbsB.The expansion of suburban areas should be planned in advanceC.The West had made of few mistakes on its way to suburbanizationD.Planners should be mentally prepared for its negative consequences[答案]B30.Which of the following statements CANNOT be inferred from the passage?A.Public transport should be encouraged in suburbanizationB.People from poor countries are living with privacy and dignityC.Local conditions should be taken into account in suburbanizationD.American prefer to live in suburbs regardless of urban development[答案]B二、简答题31.推理（inferring）是阅读理解的基本技能之一。
[职业资格类试卷]2015年下半年中学教师资格认定考试(高级英语学科知识与教学能力)真题试卷.doc
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[职业资格类试卷]2015年下半年中学教师资格认定考试（高级英语学科知识与教学能力）真题试卷一、单项选择题1 In English, the aspirated[p h]and the unaspirated[p]are______.（A）minimal pairs（B）in phonemic contrast（C）two distinctive phonemes（D）in complementary distribution2 /s/ and /θ/ can be distin guished by______.（A）manner of articulation（B）place of articulation（C）vibration of the vocal cords（D）aspiration of articulation3 You'll find this Travel Guide to be of great______in helping you and your children to get around Malaysia.（A）cost（B）price（D）expenditure4 When the train______, all the school students were surprised to see that the Carlisle team had one man only.（A）pulled down（B）pulled on（C）pulled off（D）pulled in5 Which of the following words contains an inflectional morpheme?（A）Disappear.（B）Blacken.（C）Oxen.（D）Anti-pollution.6 Reading is to the mind______ food is to the body.（A）that（B）which（C）as7 He had no time and energy to play with his children or shop with his wife, but he ______ home a regular salary.（A）did bring（B）does bring（C）did get（D）does get8 In fact, they would rather have left for London______ in Birmingham.（A）to stay（B）in order to stay（C）than have stayed（D）instead of having stayed9 _____makes it possible for language users to overcome the limitations of time and space in communication.（A）Arbitrariness（B）Duality（C）Productivity（D）Displacement10 The sense relation of the following pair of sentences is that______. X: Mary's pet cat was stolen. Y: Marry has a pet cat.（A）X entails Y（B）X presupposes Y（C）X is inconsistent with Y（D）X is synonymous with Y11 Which of the following statements about a lesson plan is inappropriate?（A）It is a teaching guide.（B）It is a blueprint to be strictly followed.（C）It takes into account syllabus and students.（D）It describes in advance what and how to teach.12 Skill-integrated activities allow teachers to build in more______ into a lesson, for the range of activities will be wider.（A）certainty（B）simplicity（C）variety（D）accuracy13 A language proficiency test that only consists of multiple-choice questionslacks______.（A）construct validity（B）content validity（C）test reliability（D）scorer reliability14 When a teacher asks students to rearrange a set of sentences into a logical paragraph, he/ she is trying to draw their attention to______.（A）grammar（B）vocabulary（C）sentence patterns（D）textual coherence15 Which of the following activities would help students develop the skill of extracting specific information?（A）Inferring meaning from the context.（B）Recognizing the author's beliefs and attitudes.（C）Using information in the reading passage to make hypotheses.（D）Listening to the flight information to see if the plane is on time.16 Which of the following activities can be used to check students' understanding of difficult sentences in the text?（A）Paraphrasing.（B）Blank-filling.（C）Story-telling.（D）Summarizing.17 When a teacher organizes group work, which of the following might be of the least concern?（A）Increasing peer interaction.（B）Increasing individual practice.（C）Developing language accuracy.（D）Providing variety and dynamics.18 If a teacher asks students to collect, compare and analyze certain sentence patterns, he/she aims at developing students' ______.（A）discourse awareness（B）cultural awareness（C）strategic competence（D）linguistic competence19 When a teacher says to the whole class, "Stand up and act out the dialogue", he/she is playing the role of a(n)______.（A）monitor（B）organizer（C）assessor（D）prompter20 Which of the following may better check students' ability of using a grammatical structure?（A）Having them work out the rule.（B）Having them give some examples.（C）Having them explain the meaning.（D）Having them explain the structure.二、简答题21 推理(inferring)是阅读理解的基本技能之一。
2015年下教资《高中英语》解析
2015年下半年教师资格证考试《高中英语》（精选试题）答案1.答案： D同一个音位在不同语音环境中的实现方式被称为该语音的音位变体。
A项：minimal pairs（最小对立体），当两个词除了出现在同一位置上的一个音外，其余的音都相同，那么这两个词就构成了最小对立体。
题干中所讲的是[p]位置的不同造成送气的差别。
与题干明显不符，排除。
B项：in phonemic contrast （音位对立）如果最小对立体中的两个音位出现在同一位置并且能够区别意义，那么这两个词就构成了音位对立。
题干中所讲的是同一个音位在不同位置，明显不符，排除。
C项：two distinctive phonemes（两个有区别的音位）题干中所讲的是同一个音位，与题干明显不符，排除。
D项：in complementary distribution （互补分布）不送气的音位变体[p]只出现在[s]后，送气音位变体[p ] 只出现在其他位置，它们从不出现在相同的环境中，因此处于互补分布（in complementary distribution ）故正确答案为D。
2.答案：B本题主要考查语音学中的辅音分类。
辅音分类标准有三种，分别为发音方式（manner of articulation ）、发音部位（place of articulation）和声带性（voicing）A项：manner of articulation 发音方式，指完成发音过程的方法，也就是发音器官节制气流的方法。
题干中未提到发音器官，只是区分两个辅音，排除。
B项：place of articulation发音部位，指发音的位置。
/s/属于齿龈音，而θ/属于齿间音。
与题干相符合。
C项：vibration of the vocal cords 声带的活动，也可以作为辅音分类标准的一种，但是题干中两者都属于摩擦音。
声带活动并不能体现出区别，排除。
D项：aspiration of articulation发音气息，这并不是辅音分类的一种，排除。
2015年下教师资格证高级英语真题答案
2015年下半年中小学教师资格考试英语学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）参考答案及解析一、单项选择题1．【答案】D。
解析：考查音系学知识。
此题句意是：在英语中，送气音位变体[p h]和不送气的音位变体[p]是（）。
在英语中，送气音[p h]和不送气音[p]之间的区别不是音位性的，它们都属于同一个音位/p/,只是在不同的位置条件下表现为不同的语音。
[p h]和[p]是两个不同的音子，即音位/p/的变化形式，叫作同一音位/p/的音位变体。
这两个音位变体处于互补分布状态，它们从不出现在相同的环境中。
故选D。
2．【答案】B。
解析：考查辅音的分类。
按照发音方式,/s/和/θ/均属于擦音；按照发音部位（place of articulation）,/s/是齿龈音,/θ/是齿间音；二者都是清辅音且都送气，故选B。
3．【答案】C。
解析：考查名词辨析。
句意为“你会发现《旅行指南》这本书在帮助你和你的孩子游览马来西亚这方面是（）”。
“be of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，be of value（=valuable）表示“很有价值”，故C正确。
cost“花费”，price“价格”，expenditure“开支，费用”。
4．【答案】D。
解析：考查动词短语辨析。
句意为“当火车（），学校所有的学生都惊讶地看到Carlisle队只有一个男生”。
pull down“拆毁，毁坏”，pull on“牵，拉”,pull off做成某事”，pull in“（指火车）进站”。
根据句意可知D正确。
5．【答案】C。
解析：考查形态学知识。
语素（morpheme）是最小的、有意义的语言单位和语法单位，包括自由语素（free morpheme）和黏着语素（bound morpheme）。
黏着语素又分为屈折语素（inflectional morpheme）和派生语素（derivational morpheme）。
屈折语素表明各种不同的语法关系或语法范畴，如：数、时态、形容词和副词的级和格。
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2015年下半年中小学教师资格考试英语学科知识与教学能力试题（高级中学）参考答案及解析一、单项选择题1．【答案】D。
解析：考查音系学知识。
此题句意是：在英语中，送气音位变体[p h]和不送气的音位变体[p]是（）。
在英语中，送气音[p h]和不送气音[p]之间的区别不是音位性的，它们都属于同一个音位/p/,只是在不同的位置条件下表现为不同的语音。
[p h]和[p]是两个不同的音子，即音位/p/的变化形式，叫作同一音位/p/的音位变体。
这两个音位变体处于互补分布状态，它们从不出现在相同的环境中。
故选D。
2．【答案】B。
解析：考查辅音的分类。
按照发音方式,/s/和/θ/均属于擦音；按照发音部位（place of articulation）,/s/是齿龈音,/θ/是齿间音；二者都是清辅音且都送气，故选B。
3．【答案】C。
解析：考查名词辨析。
句意为“你会发现《旅行指南》这本书在帮助你和你的孩子游览马来西亚这方面是（）”。
“be of+抽象名词”相当于形容词，be of value（=valuable）表示“很有价值”，故C正确。
cost“花费”，price“价格”，expenditure“开支，费用”。
4．【答案】D。
解析：考查动词短语辨析。
句意为“当火车（），学校所有的学生都惊讶地看到Carlisle队只有一个男生”。
pull down“拆毁，毁坏”，pull on“牵，拉”,pull off做成某事”，pull in“（指火车）进站”。
根据句意可知D正确。
5．【答案】C。
解析：考查形态学知识。
语素（morpheme）是最小的、有意义的语言单位和语法单位，包括自由语素（free morpheme）和黏着语素（bound morpheme）。
黏着语素又分为屈折语素（inflectional morpheme）和派生语素（derivational morpheme）。
屈折语素表明各种不同的语法关系或语法范畴，如：数、时态、形容词和副词的级和格。
oxen是ox（牛）的复数形式，所以C正确。
6．【答案】D。
解析：考查固定结构。
句意为“阅读之于思维犹如食物之于人体”。
A is to B what C is to D意思是“A之于B犹如C之于D”。
故此题D正确。
7．【答案】A。
解析：考查强调和词义辨析。
句意为“他没有时间陪他的孩子玩，也没有时间陪妻子购物，但是他会定期给家里钱”。
根据but可知前后时态应该一致，故排除B和D。
助动词did用来表示强调，有“确实，的确；一定”之意。
根据句意可知应表示“带给家里钱”，故A正确。
8．【答案】C。
解析：考查固定结构。
句意为“事实上，他们宁愿已经去了伦敦而不是待在伯明翰”。
固定结构would rather do A than do B表示“宁愿做A也不愿意做B”。
故C正确。
9．【答案】D。
解析：考查语言的结构特征。
此题句意是：（）能够使语言的使用者在交流中克服时间和空间的局限性。
语言的移位性（Displacement）是指人类语言可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间上和空间上不可及的物体、时间和观点。
故D正确。
10．【答案】B。
解析：考查语句之间的涵义关系。
B项表示预设关系，预设通常被认为是一种背景信息，也就是说话者假设听者已经知道的信息。
该题中Y（玛丽有只宠物猫）是X（玛丽的宠物猫被偷了）的预设（即前提条件），预设信息是玛丽有只宠物猫。
故答案选B。
A项表示蕴含关系，C项表示反义关系，D项表示同义关系。
11．【答案】B。
解析：考查教案的内涵。
此题是问：下列关于教案的表述，哪个是不恰当的？A项意为“它是一项教学指导”；B项意为“它是一项必须严格遵照的计划”;C项意为“它需要考虑到教学大纲和学生”；D项意为“它事先描述了要教什么和怎么教”。
A、C、D项分别体现了教案的性质、要求和内容，但教案只是一份教学计划，在实际过程中会因为一些突发状况而随时进行调整，所以B项说“需要严格遵照执行”是不准确的。
故选B。
12．【答案】C。
解析：考查教学活动。
此题是问：综合技能活动允许老师在课程中融入更多（），因为活动范围会更加广泛。
A项意为“确定性”，B项意为“简单性”，C项意为“多样性”,D项意为“准确性”。
从题干当中的integrated和wider等词可以判断出，只有使课堂活动更加多样，才能适应活动范围的扩大。
故选C。
13．【答案】A。
解析：考查语言测试标准。
此题是问：一个只有多项选择题的语言水平测试缺乏（）。
A项意为“结构效度”,B项意为“内容效度”,C项意为“测试信度”，D项意为“评分者信度”。
多项选择题成为最普遍的测试手段的主要原因在于它较高的表面效度和信度，但其实并不是真正有效的。
多项选择题只能测试学生的语言输入能力，如听和读，而不能测试学生的语言输出能力，如说和写。
因此，仅以多项选择题构成的语言测试缺乏结构效度。
故选A。
14．【答案】D。
解析：考查教师教学。
此题是问：当一名老师让学生将一组句子重新排列成一个有逻辑的段落，那么他/她是想让学生注意（）。
A项“语法”，B项“词汇”,C项“句型”,D 项“语篇连贯”。
既然老师是让学生重排句子成段，所以强调的是句子间的逻辑性，故选D。
15．【答案】D。
解析：考查阅读策略与技巧。
此题是问：下列哪项活动可以帮助学生提高提炼具体信息的能力。
A项意为“通过上下文推断含义”,B项意为“识别作者的看法和态度”,C项意为“利用阅读文章中的信息做出假设”,D项意为“听取航班信息判断飞机是否准时”。
由此可知，A、B、C三项都是侧重对学生推理判断能力的锻炼，只有D项是通过听力练习，让学生注意细节信息（如飞机航班时间），来训练学生提取细节信息能力。
故选D。
16.【答案】A。
解析：考查教学活动。
此题是问：下列哪项活动可以被用来检查学生对于文章中难句的理解。
A项意为“释义”，B项意为“填空”,C项意为“讲故事”，D项意为“总结”。
如果想考查学生对于难句是否理解，可以通过让他们用自己的话进行重新解释来判断。
其他几项只涉及对具体信息或文章大意的把握。
故选A。
17．【答案】C。
解析：考查小组活动。
此题是问：当老师组织小组活动时，下列哪项可以予以最少关注。
A项意为“增加同伴间的互动”,B项意为“增加个人练习”，C项意为“提高语言准确性”，D项意为“提供多样性和动力”。
组织小组活动的目的一般是调动学生学习兴趣，培养学生的参与、合作等能力，锻炼他们的实际语言运用能力。
基于这样的目的，在小组活动中，老师可以适当忽略对于语言准确性的要求。
故选C。
18．【答案】D。
解析：考查教师组织活动的意图。
此题是问：如果老师让学生去收集、比较和分析某些句型，他/她旨在发展学生的（）。
A项意为“语篇意识”，B项意为“文化意识”,C项意为“策略能力”，D项意为“语言能力”。
由题干可以看出，老师组织的活动主要是针对句型结构，进一步而言，实际体现的是对语言能力的训练。
故选D。
19．【答案】B。
解析：考查教师的角色。
此题是问：当老师对全班同学说“站起来，把这个对话表演出来”,那么他/她扮演的角色是（）。
A项意为“调控者”，指老师对活动的进程进行把握，保证其开展得顺利有效；B项意为“组织者”，指教师对课堂教学活动进行组织，使课堂有序进行;C 项意为“评价者”，指老师对学生的表现进行评价；D项意为“提示者”，常指老师在学生不知道要做什么说什么时给予适当的提示。
在该题中，老师让学生进行一项具体活动，体现了对于课堂活动的设计组织，所以扮演的是组织者的角色。
故选B。
20．【答案】B。
解析：考查语法教学技能。
此题是问：下列哪一项可以更好地检测学生运用语法结构的能力？A项意为“让他们找出规律”，B项意为“让他们给出一些例子”,C项意为“让他们解释含义”,D项意为“让他们说明结构”。
通过让学生给出一些相同语法结构的例句，可以更准确地判断出他们对于该句法结构的把握。
故选B。
Passage121．【答案】C。
解析：推断题。
通过阅读文章中第一及第二段，可知作者认为CK是她的英雄，因为CK在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，因此作者对他的处理方法印象深刻。
故本题的正确答案为C。
22．【答案】D。
解析：指代题。
根据文章中第二段可知，CK是作者的英雄，因为CK在对孩子是否可以使用智能手机这个问题的时候知道如何处理，但是当作者面对同样的问题时，她却没有处理好这个问题，最终给自己的女儿买了智能手机。
故本题的正确答案为D。
23．【答案】A。
解析：推断题。
根据文章第三段第一句话，得知手机是有毒的，特别是对孩子而言，可知A选项正确。
24．【答案】A。
解析：词义题。
根据文章第四段，可知手机剥夺了孩子独立的能力。
因为智能手机已占据了孩子们所有的时间。
CK问“what happened to zoning out?”,后面给出了答案，有一个关键词wander“游离，走神”，可推测zoning out应该是和wander一样的意思，故选A。
25．【答案】C。
解析：细节题。
根据文章中第三段，可知A选项错误；通过阅读整篇文章，可得知孩子们玩智能手机对他们有很多不利，故B选项错误;C选项表明经历孤独寂寞和悲伤有益于享受快乐，可根据文章的第七、八段得出答案；D选项说明手机也许是找人谈话的最快的方式，文章中并没有出现，D选项错误，故本题的正确答案为C。
Passage226．【答案】D。
解析：判断题。
题干：下列哪项是西方人们退离城市的原因。
根据题干“the west move out of cities”可以定位到文章第一段的最后一部分“the real cause was mass affluence.As people grew richer,they demanded more privacy and space.”真正的原因还是人们富裕起来了，随着人们经济上宽裕起来，他们对隐私和空间的要求也越来越高。
只有D项与此相符。
27．【答案】C。
解析：词义题。
A选项urbanites意为“都市人”；B选项proponents意为“支持者”;C选项opponents意为“反对者”;D选项suburbanites意为“郊区人”。
文中detractors出现在第四段的第一句话“The Western suburbs to which so many aspire are healthier than their detractors say.”可以推测出detractors的含义是与aspire与healthier这两个正面的词汇意思相反的，由此可以推出该题正确答案为C。
28．【答案】A。
解析：指代题。
第五段中them出现在最后一句，具体的指代内容应该在其前面，前面一句有提到“American practice of requiring property developers to provide a certain number of parking spaces for every building”美国人惯常的做法是让开发商在每幢建筑都留有一定的停车位，由此可知“them”指的是parking spaces停车位。