wish虚拟语气

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完整版Wish引导的虚拟语气

完整版Wish引导的虚拟语气

Wish 引导的虚拟语气虚拟语气用在wish 后的宾语从句中,(常常省去连词that ),表示不可 能实现的愿望。

1. 表示与现在事实相反的愿望 构成:主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + 动词过去式 ( be 一律用 were )例如: I wish I knew everything in the world. I wish that the experimentwere a success. We wish we had wi ngs 我们希望有翅膀。

B. knewC. will knowD. have known2. 表示与过去事实相反的愿望 构成:主语 + wish (that) + 从句主语 + would/could + have + 过去分词或 had + 过去分词 例如: I wish that you had called yesterday.I wish that I could have gone with you last night.I didn ' t go to the party, but I do wish I had been there. such a great deal of fuss.Example: I wish itnot so cold outside. A. shall be B. beC. wereD. is I wish I you better.A. know Example: I wish you A. were not causedB. had not causedC. have not causedD. are not causedI wish that you such a bad headache because'I m sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.3.表示将来不大可能实现的愿望构成:主语+ wish (that) + 从句主语+ would/should/could/might + 原形动词例如:I wish that he could try again.I wish that someday I should live on the moon.We wish that they would come soon.with my brother when he flies toEngland next week.练习题:talk2. I wishIhow to operate the machine.a. have knownb. knowc. can knowd. knew3. He is not a millionaire buthehe were.a. wishesb. hopesc. longsd.believes4. I wish thatI visit my uncle the day after tomorrow.a. shallb. havec. wouldd. am goingto5. I wishit spring all the year round.a. will beb. werec. bed.isA. hadn't hadB. hadn'tC. didn't haveD. hadn't haveExample: I wish that weA. could goB. had goneC. will goD. are going1. I wish you like that.a. don ' t talkb. wouldn 'tat lkc. won' t alkd. not to6. I wishI to that university with you yesterday.a. would gob. wentc. did god. had gone7. I left very early last night, butI wish I so early.a. didn 't leavbe. hadn 't left c. haven'tleftd. couldn 't leave8. Nancy sometimes wishes that she in the bigcity.a. was not livingb. did notlivedc. were not livingd. does notlive9. James wishes he the football game instead of thefilm.a. had seenb. sawc. had been seend. see9. While you' rehere, Iwishhave a look around the house.a. you 'llb. you ' vec. you 'dd. you better10. Looking back on it, I wishyou me first.a. askedb. have askedc. askd. had asked11. Doyou want me to lend you some money?”Iwish youa. should12.. I would pay you back nextweek.b. wouldc. didI wished itd.might but itdid.a. had not occurredb. would not occurc. was not occurredd. did not occur13. He didn 't go to her birthday party, but he does wishhethere.a. has beenb. would bec. had beend. would have been14.Thesetypewritten papers are very neat. ”“ Iwish Itype too, but I don know'hotw. ”a. canb. mayc. will d could。

wish虚拟语气

wish虚拟语气

wish虚拟语气“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”、“……就好了”、“悔不该……”、“但愿……”等。

表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用"would(could)+动词原形";表示过去不能实现的愿望,用"had+过去分词"或"(could)would+have+过去分词"。

例如:1). 与现在事实相反 :动词过去式或wereI wish we could go to the seaside today.I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。

I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)I wish I were a pilot.但愿我是个飞行员。

I wish I knew how to operate the machine.我要是会操作这架机器该有多好啊! (= I'm sorry I don't know.)2).与过去事实相反 :主语+wish(that)+主语 + 动词过去完成式We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。

I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)I wish he hadn't gone.他要是没走该多好!(= I'm sorry he has gone.)We wish you had come to our New Year's party.我们真希望你来参加我们的新年联欢会。

wish虚拟语气的用法归纳

wish虚拟语气的用法归纳

wish虚拟语气的用法归纳
Wish后面的宾语从句是虚拟语气的一种。

这种用法表示与事实相反的情况,或者表示祝愿或假设。

具体用法如下:
1. 与现在相反,主句的谓语用could或would(第二、三人称)加动词原形,从句的谓语用过去式(be动词用were)。

例如:
I wish I were as strong as you. 但愿我和你一样健壮。

2. 与过去事实相反,主句谓语用could或would加have+过去分词,从句谓语用had+过去分词。

例如:
I wish I had known the answer yesterday. 我希望昨天我知道答案。

3. 与将来事实相反,主句谓语用could或would加动词原形,从句谓语用动词过去式。

例如:
I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨。

总结起来,虚拟语气用于表示愿望、假设或理想状态等。

具体的使用可以根据实际情况来决定,比如要根据所描述的对象和所希望的事情来进行适当的语气表达。

以上仅供参考,建议咨询英汉双向翻译者以获取准确翻译。

动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气

动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气

虚拟语气与习题1.动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气2.1) 用wish表示现在的祝愿和抱歉。

3.其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语be用were(was),实义动词用过去式。

例:I wish they were at home this time.4.2) 用wish表示对过去事情的遗憾。

5.其句子结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时,或could+现在完成时。

例:I wishI hadn' t hurt him so much。

6.3) 用wish表示对将来事情的愿望。

其句子结构为宾语从句的结构,谓语为would/could/might+动词原形。

例:I wish I might be able to come tomorrow。

7. 2. 用在一般虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气8.1) 表示与现在、过去、将来事实相反的假设9.①与此刻事实相反的假设。

10.其句子结构为:11.从句:if+主语+动词的过去式(be变were)+其他12.主句:主语+would(should, could, might)+动词原形+其他13.例:If I were you, I would go with him.14.②与过去事实相反的假设。

15.其句子结构为:16.从句:If+主语+过去完成时+其他17.主句:主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他。

18.例:If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed the exam.③表示对未来事实实现的可能性不大的假设。

其句子结构为:从句:If+主语+should (were to )+动词原形+其他主句:主语+would (could, should, might)+动词原形例:If he were to go tomorrow, he might tell you.2.) 从句和主句要根据各自发所生的时间选用符合具体时间的虚拟语气形式①从句表示过去,主句表示此刻。

wish的用法虚拟语气

wish的用法虚拟语气

wish的用法虚拟语气
wish 是表示祝愿或为愿望的及物动词,一般来说用于虚拟语气都是要用“had+过去分词”的结构,表示假设发生的不可能的事情,或者表示一种个人内心的渴望。

经典的虚拟句结构,就是 wish + had/were + 过去分词。

如:I wish I had studied harder. “我希望我曾经好好学习过。

” 或者I wish I were younger. “我真希望自己还年轻。


虚拟语气使用wish的另外一种形式,就是 if only 结构。

如: If only I had a little more time, I could do the job properly. “如果只要我有一点点更多的时间,就能好好地完成这个工作了。


此外,使用wish结构的另一种形式叫做“wish + sb. + 不定式”,这是表达改变别人行为的愿望,如:I wish he would stop smoking. “我希望他停止吸烟。


还有就是“wish + 从句”。

如:I wish it would rain tomorrow. “我要是明天能下雨就好了。


总之,使用wish的句式要谨记以上几种形式,可以应用于虚拟语气,为我们日常表达提供了更加精准、丰富的选择,让表达更多样化、更有感染力。

wish虚拟语气

wish虚拟语气

虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中,表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。

通常有三种形式:主语+wish+从句主语+would(could,might)+动词原形;主语+wish(that)+从句主语+动词过去式等。

句式①对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望:主语+wish+从句主语+would(could,might)+动词原形eg:I wish she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。

②表示与现在事实相反的愿望:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+动词过去式eg:I wish I wasn’t leaving my son.我希望我没离开我儿子。

③对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+would/could have/had+过去分词eg:I wish you had come to my birthday party.你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。

*从句的时态只与从句所指的时间有关,与wish的时态无关。

常见用法1.wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事如:I wish you to help me with this.我希望你能在这件事上帮助我。

2.wish to do 希望做某事如:I wish to go swimming tomorrow。

我希望明天去游泳。

3.wish+ sb+sth 用于节日祝福如:We wish you a merry christmas and a happy new year!我们祝你圣诞快乐,新年愉快!4.wish+that,也就是后接宾语从句,在这个结构里一般使用虚拟语气,也就是把从句里面的谓语动词提前一个时态,一般表示不可能实现的愿望,属于幻想。

wish后虚拟语气的用法

wish后虚拟语气的用法

wish后虚拟语气的用法[Wish后虚拟语气的用法]虚拟语气是英语语法中的一个重要概念,用于表达假设、愿望、建议、命令等非真实情况。

其中,wish后的虚拟语气是一种常见用法,用于表达对现在或过去情况的遗憾、不满或希望状况与实际相反的愿望。

那么,如何正确运用wish后的虚拟语气呢?本文将一步一步解释。

第一步:了解wish后虚拟语气的基本规则在使用wish后的虚拟语气时,我们需要掌握以下基本规则:1. 当表达对现在情况的遗憾或不满时,wish后的虚拟语气需要使用过去时态。

例如:I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。

)2. 当表达对现在情况的希望,即与现实情况相反时,我们需要使用现在时态。

例如:I wish I didn't have to work on weekends.(我希望周末不用工作。

)3. 当表达对过去情况的遗憾或不满时,虚拟语气需要使用过去完成时态。

例如:I wish I had studied harder for the exams.(我希望我为考试更用功。

)4. 当表达对过去事实的虚构愿望时,我们需要使用过去完成时态的虚拟语气的间接语序。

例如:He wishes he had won the lottery.(他希望自己中了彩票。

)第二步:使用wish后虚拟语气表达对现在情况的遗憾或不满现在,让我们以对现在情况的遗憾或不满为主题来展开文章。

假设我们要表达的是对现在不喜欢自己的工作。

我们可以写下以下句子:I wish I had a more fulfilling job.(我希望我有一份更有意义的工作。

)I wish I didn't have to work long hours every day.(我希望我不用每天工作那么长时间。

)I wish I could work in a more creative environment.(我希望我能在一个更有创意的环境中工作。

wish从句中的虚拟语气

wish从句中的虚拟语气

wish从句中的虚拟语气介绍
在英语中,wish从句经常使用虚拟语气,用来表达一种假设、愿望、不可能实现的情况或与事实相反的情况。

以下是关于wish从句中虚拟语气的介绍:
1. 一般现在时的虚拟语气:
- I wish I were taller.(我希望我更高。


- She wishes she had more free time.(她希望她有更多的空闲时间。


在一般现在时的wish从句中,谓语动词常常用过去式(were,had)来表示一种虚拟或不可能的情况。

2. 一般过去时的虚拟语气:
- I wish I had studied harder for the test.(我希望我当时更用功复习考试。


在一般过去时的wish从句中,谓语动词常常用过去完成时来表示对过去事情的遗憾或不满。

3. 将来时的虚拟语气:
- I wish I could visit Paris next year.(我希望明年能去巴黎。


在将来时的wish从句中,常使用could来表示愿望,但也可以使用其他情态动词如might、should等。

4. 虚拟语气的用途:
-表达对现实中不存在或不可能实现的愿望。

-表达对过去已经发生的事情的遗憾或不满。

-表达对将来可能出现的情况的希望或担忧。

要注意,虚拟语气在wish从句中的使用是英语中的一种语法现象,它用来表达一种假设情况,通常与事实相反。

因此,掌握虚拟语气对于准确表达愿望、遗憾或假设情况是非常重要的。

wish 虚拟语气

wish 虚拟语气

虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用1. wish 引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气wish + objective clause 与现在事实相反:主语+did (were)与过去事实相反:主语+had done主语+would /could+have done …表示将来无把握或不太可能实现-表命令等语气-:Would/should/could/might+doI wish I knew what was going to happen.I wish I had more time.I wish I were young again .My father wishes he had gone to university.I wish you wouldn’t be so noisy.(但愿)I wish she might do better next time.e.g. ---you have made some mistakes.--- I wish I _____ mistakes every day.A don’t make B. haven’ made C. wouldn’t have made D. didn’t made I wish I ____longer this morning , but I had to get up and come to class.A.could have sleptB. sleptC. might have sleptD. have slept2. would rather(had rather/just as soon/would sooner)与现在事实相反:主语+did与过去事实相反:主语+had done表愿望等语气:主语+would doI’d rather you told me the truth.I’d sooner you didn’t ask me that question.I had rather you did it .I’d sooner she painted the wall green next time/I’d rather you hadn’t told me about that .3. would rather… than…would … rather than..I would rather die than ( that) he should know the secret.He’d do anything rather than he should live with such a shameless woman.4. It’s (high/about) time that.. did …..It’s time we went.It is high time you got a job and settled down.It’s already 5 o’clock now. Don’t you think it’s about time____?A.we were going homeB. we go home c. we went home D. we can go home5.lest /for fear that 引起的状语从句The mad man was put in the soft padded cell lest he ___ himself .A.injureB. had injuredC.injuredD. would injured6. if onlyIf only I could speak several languages!If only he were (was) more cautious.If only she had known where to fond you.7.imagineWere….Had done ….Imagine that we were on a desolate island now.Imagine that she had not taken those measures, what would have happened?8. as if /as though与现在事实相反:主语+did (were)与过去事实相反:主语+had done主语+would /could+have done …表示将来无把握或不太可能实现:Would/could/might+doHe talks as if he knew all about it.She looks as though she were sick.I feel as if we ____ each other for years.Know have known were to know had knownIt looks as if it _____ rain/Were is going to were to might9. if it … not for…If it were not for the rain, the crops should become withered.If it had not been for your timely help, I would have gone bankrupt. 10. whether it (he) be… or省略结构必须到装;be it (he)… orEvery day he takes a walk in the park in the evening, whether it be fine orraining.Be it true or not, I will see myself.be he what he may, he must be punished.11 or /or else/otherwise/or otherwise/elseMake more effort, or you will fail.He can’t be so irresponsible, or they wouldn’t have allowed him to do that.--- where have you been?--- I got caught in traffic; ____ I would have been here sooner. However although anyway otherwise。

wish的虚拟语气的用法的三种时态

wish的虚拟语气的用法的三种时态

wish的虚拟语气的用法的三种时态一、wish的虚拟语气的用法1. 一般现在时:在使用一般现在时时,wish后面要用“would+动词原形”来表达虚拟,但是句子中间要用“if”连接,以便表达虚拟的情况,如:I wish I could fly. 我希望我能够飞。

2. 一般过去时:在使用一般过去时时,wish后面要用“would have+过去分词”来表达虚拟,但是句子中间还是要用“if”连接,以便表达虚拟的情况,如:I wish I had taken the bus. 我希望我乘公交车了。

3.过去完成时:在使用过去完成时,wish后面要用“had+过去分词”来表达虚拟,但是句子中间还是要用“if”连接,以便表达虚拟的情况,如:I wish I had seen you before. 我希望在以前见到你。

二、wish的虚拟语气在日常生活中的应用1. 一般现在时在日常生活中,我们会用wish的虚拟语气来表达对一些事情的遗憾,或者对某种状态的不满,例如:I wish it would stopraining. 我希望雨停了。

2. 一般过去时我们在日常生活中,也经常会用wish的虚拟语气来表达对某件事情的重视,或者是对某件事情的怀念,例如:I wish I had invited him to the party. 我希望我当时邀请他参加聚会。

3. 过去完成时在日常生活中,我们也经常用wish的虚拟语气来表达改变某件事情的后果,例如:I wish I had thought it through before making a decision. 我希望我在做出决定之前仔细思考过。

总之,wish的虚拟语气在日常生活中十分普遍。

它不仅可以用来表达不满,也可以用来表达重视,而且还可以用来表达改变后果,甚至可以用来表达愿望。

因此,在日常生活中,灵活运用wish的虚拟语气可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的思想。

英语重点词汇wish虚拟语气用法详解

英语重点词汇wish虚拟语气用法详解

英语重点词汇wish虚拟语气用法详解从宾语从句角度看wish虚拟语气:1) 用wish表示现在的祝愿以及抱歉。

句子基本结构为:宾语从句的谓语be用were(was),实义动词则用过去式。

例句:I wish my parents were at home this time.2) 用wish表示对过去的事情的遗憾。

句子基本结构为:宾语从句的谓语用过去完成时或者could+现在完成时。

例句:I wish I hadn' t hurt him so much。

3) 用wish表示对将来的事情的愿望。

句子基本结构为宾语从句的结构,谓语为would/could/might+动词的原形。

例句:I wish I might be able to come tomorrow。

1.prefer+名词——Would you like meat or fish?——I'd prefer meat,please.2.prefer+动名词Do you prefer cooling for yourself or eating in a restaurant?自己做饭还是喜欢下馆子?—Do you like swimming?你喜欢游泳吗?—Yes, but I prefer sailing.喜欢,但我更喜欢驾驶帆船。

3.prefer+不定式Do you prefer to cook for yourself, or to eat in a restaurant?I prefer to spend the weekend at home. 我喜欢在家里度周末。

I would prefer to stay at home tonight.She prefers to be alone.4.Prefer sb. to do sth.Their father prefers them to be home early. 他们的父亲宁愿他们早点回家。

英语语法:wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气

英语语法:wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气

英语语法:wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气wish后宾语从句用虚拟语气一、用法说明动词wish后接宾语从句时,从句谓语要用虚拟语气。

若要表示与现在事实相反的愿望,从句谓语用一般过去时或过去实行时;若表示与过去相反的愿望,从句谓语用过去完成时或would / could+have +过去分词;若表示将来没有把握或不太可能实现的愿望,用would (could)+动词原形。

如:I wish I were not so busy. 但愿我不那样忙碌。

I wish I were [was] better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。

She wished she had stayed at home. 她后悔的是她当时要是留在家里就好了。

I wish you would go with us tomorrow. 要是你明天同我们一起去就好了。

I wish you wouldn’t look down on this kind of work. 我希望你不要看不起这种工作。

This watch has gone wrong. I wish I had bought a better make. 这只表坏了,我真愿意我买的是好一点的牌子。

I wish you wouldn’t smoke any more. 我希望你不再抽烟了。

I wish you would be more respectful to your father. 我希望你对你父亲更尊敬些。

I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有什么用处。

二、特别注意从句的时态只与从句所指的时间相关,而与wish的时态无关,比较:I wish I were rich. 要是我现在有钱就好了。

I wish I had been rich. 要是那时我有钱就好了。

I wished I were rich. 当时我后悔自己没有钱。

虚拟语气常见句型

虚拟语气常见句型

一、wish从句中的虚拟语气wish +从句表示一种愿望或希望。

是要。

就好了!1. 从句动词用“过去式” ,表示从句动作与wish同时存在或发生。

例如:I wish I knew as much as you do. 要是我知道的与你一样多就好了。

I wish I were a PLA man .我希望我是一名中国人民解放军。

2. 从句动词用“had+过去分词,表示从句动作在wish之前存在或发生。

例如:I wish I had been at the club yesterday. 要是我昨天在俱乐部就好了。

3. 从句动词用“would/could+动词原形”,表示从句动作在wish之后存在或发生。

例如:I wish it would stop raining tomorrow. 我希望明天雨能停。

二、as if 从句中的虚拟语气“as if/as though +从句”,表示方式。

从句中动词的用法与wish从句中的动词类似。

例如:1. She looks as if she were ten years younger. 她看起来好像年轻了十岁。

(从句动作与主句同时存在或发生)2. The village looks as though it had been deserted f or years. 这个村子看起来好像很多年没人住了。

(从句动作在主句之前存在或发生)3. They talked and talked as if they would never mee t again. 他们意犹未尽地谈着,好像将来再也不见面一样。

(从句动作在主句之后存在或发生)He looks as if he were ill .他看起来好象是生病了。

(2)Tom looks as if nothing had happened to him .汤姆看起来啥事都没有发生似的。

注意:从句表示的内容若为事实或可能为事实,也可用陈述语气。

wish在虚拟语气中的用法_概述及解释说明

wish在虚拟语气中的用法_概述及解释说明

wish在虚拟语气中的用法概述及解释说明1. 引言1.1 概述:在英语语法中,虚拟语气是一种用来表达非真实情况和幻想的语法形式。

它通过使用特定的动词形式来表示对过去、现在和将来的假设、愿望和建议等。

其中,wish是使用虚拟语气时经常使用的重要词汇之一。

1.2 文章结构:本文将全面介绍在虚拟语气中wish的用法。

首先我们将了解wish的基本含义和用法,包括表达个人愿望和遗憾的方式。

其次,我们将深入探讨wish与过去时态和现在时态之间的关系,并分析它们在不同句子结构中的应用。

接着,我们会介绍一些特殊句型中wish的用法,如带有宾语从句和条件从句的句型。

然后,本文还会提及一些常见错误和注意事项, 如何正确使用wish来表达不可能实现的愿望以及区分hope与wish之间的差异性等。

最后,在结论部分将总结并强调wish在虚拟语气中的重要性及应用范围。

1.3 目的:本文旨在为读者提供关于wish在虚拟语气中的详尽说明,并帮助读者更好地理解和运用这一语法概念。

通过本文的阅读,读者将能够掌握wish的基本用法,学会在不同句型中运用wish来表达各种虚拟情况,并避免常见错误和误用。

我们希望通过这篇文章能够帮助读者提升他们的英语写作和口语表达能力,进一步丰富自己的语言技巧。

2. 虚拟语气中的wish用法:2.1 wish的基本含义和用法:Wish是一个常见的动词,表示希望、期望或遗憾。

在虚拟语气中,wish常用于表达对现状或过去情况的不满或假设。

具体来说,wish可用于以下几种情况:- 表达对当前情况的不满或希望与现实相反:例如,I wish I had more free time. (我希望我有更多的空闲时间。

)- 表示对过去某个动作或事件的后悔:例如,I wish I hadn't said that. (要是能够回到过去,我就不会说那话了。

)2.2 wish表示虚拟情况的用法:Wish可以表示对一些虚拟情况或不可能实现的愿望。

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wish虚拟语气
“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,汉语可译为“可惜……”、“……就好了”、“悔不该……”、“但愿……”等。

表示现在不能实现的愿望,从句的谓语动词用过去式;表示将来不能实现的愿望,用"would(could)+动词原形";表示过去不能实现的愿望,用"had+过去分词"或"(could)would+have+过去分词"。

例如:
1). 与现在事实相反:动词过去式或were
I wish we could go to the seaside today.
I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。

I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)
I wish I were a pilot.但愿我是个飞行员。

I wish I knew how to operate the machine.我要是会操作这架机器该有多好啊! (= I'm sorry I don't know.)
2).与过去事实相反:主语+wish(that)+主语+ 动词过去完成式
We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.
He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。

I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)
I wish he hadn't gone.他要是没走该多好!(= I'm sorry he has gone.)
We wish you had come to our New Year's party.我们真希望你来参加我们的新年联欢会。

(= but you did not)
3).与将来事实相反:助动词过去式+动词原形
I wish they’d let us get some sleep.
I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。

一)wish+ 主语+ 虚拟过去时
A
wish(that)+ 主语+ 过去时,这一结构用于对目前的情况表示遗憾:
I wish hs was coming with us.
我多希望他能跟我们一起来。

相当于:
I’m sorry he isn’t coming with us.
真遗憾他不能跟我们一起来。

wish可用在过去时中而不改变虚拟的意思:
He wished he knew the address.
他多希望他知道那个地址。

相当于:
He was sorry he didn’t know the address.
他感到遗憾他不知道那个地址。

在间接引语中,虚拟过去时形式不用变化:
‘I wish I lived nearer my work,’he said.
“但愿我住得离工作地再近点,”他说。

相当于:
He said he wished he lived nearer his work.
他说但愿他能住得离工作地再近点。

B
wish(that)+ 主语+ 过去完成时(虚拟语气)表示对过去的情况表示遗憾:
I wish you had written to him.
但愿你给他写过信就好了。

相当于:
I’m sorry you didn’t write to him.
真遗憾你没有给他写信。

wished可代替wish而不改变虚拟的意思:
I wished I hadn’t spent so much money.相当于:
I was sorry I had spent so much money.
(译文同上。


变为间接引语时,这些动词不用变化:
‘I wished I had taken his advice,’she said.
“但愿我当时听了他的劝告就好了,”她说。

相当于:
She(said she)wished she had taken his advice.
她(说她)但愿当时听了他的劝告就好了。

二)wish(that)+主语+would
A
wish+主语+过去时态可以表示对现在的情况表示遗憾:
I wish that he wrote more regularly.
我多希望他能勤来信。

相当于:
I’m sorry he doesn’t write more regularly.
我很遗憾他来信不勤。

B
wish+ 主语+ would的意思与上面所说的相似,但是它所表示的动作是从句的主语所能控制的。

即:只要某人愿意,这种动作是可以改变的。

wish+ would可表示主语现在愿意或不愿意进行某个动作,这常常是一种习惯性动作。

I wish he would write more often.
我多希望他肯常写信来。

相当于:
I’m sorry he isn’t willing to write more often.
很遗憾,他不愿意常写信来。

I wish he would wear a coat.
我多希望他肯穿件外衣。

相当于:
I’m sorry he refused to wear a coat.
可惜他不想穿外衣。

wish与would不能使用同一个主语,否则句子就会不符合逻辑。

因此不能出现I wish+ I would这种结构。

C
wish+ 主语+would也可表示对目前情况的不满以及希望能有所改变:
I wish he would answer my letter.
但愿他能给我写回信(我等他的回信已经很久了)
I wish they would change the menu.
我希望他们的饭菜能变变花样(我吃香肠吃腻了)
I wish they would stop making bombs.
我希望他们能停止制造炸弹
但说话人通常是对发生他所要求的变化不抱有多大希望。

上面的第三个例句表示完全没有希望。

如同在上面B中一样,wish+主语+ would在这里限于表示有可能事情有所改变。

wish 和would同样不能使用同一个主语
如果从句的主语是人,动作应该能受主语控制,句中仍然存在着愿意或不愿意的意思。

但有时wish+主语+would结构中从句的主语不是指人而是指物。

这时就不能表示愿意或不愿意:I wish it would stop raining.
我希望雨停下来
I wish the sun would come out.
我希望出太阳
I wish prices would come down.
我希望物价能降下来
I wish the train would come.
我希望火车会来
wish+主语+would在这里与would like非常相似。

但would like不限于表示事情有可能改变,也不含有对目前情况不满的意思。

同时,would like结构也不暗示没有希望:
I would like Jack to study art.
我想让杰克学艺术。

(我让他学艺术。

/我希望他今后学习艺术)
I wish Peter would study art.
我多希望彼得肯学习艺术(彼得大概已拒绝学习艺术)
D
I wish you would也可以用来表示请求。

这里不表示说话人已感到对方会拒绝请求,但它暗示对方在某个方面使说话人感到恼火或失望。

I wish you would help me常含有你本该已提出帮我的意思。

I wish you would stop humming/interrupting/ asking silly questions表示说话人为哼歌曲声/打断/所问的愚蠢的问题而恼火。

但是I wish you would结构可用来表示对别人主动提出的帮助做出的反应,这时不含有不满意的意思:
—Shall I help you check the accounts?
—I wish you would.
—我帮你查对账目好吗?
—我希望你能这样做(你要能帮我,我会非常高兴)。

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