新托福听力学术讲座背景词汇
托福听力重要背景词汇大汇总
托福听力重要背景词汇大汇总托福听力重要背景词汇大汇总一.租房 RENTING A HOUSE landlord, landlady types dormitory hostel hotel flat,bedsitters surroundingsrural areas, suburb, downtown rooms single room, double bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, and balcony facilities shower, central heater (in), radiators, refrigerator bed central air-conditioning(中央空调)。
e lectric stores(电炉),radiators(暖气)electronic utensil(器具.用具.家庭用具) facilities in bed linen, spread(床罩),pillow, mattress, sheet, blanket, cushion parts entrance hall (lobby, porch)personal information of boarders: pay weekly/monthly lease, utilities, unfurnished/furnished, blackout(停电)guests and hours二. 学校生活 (1)学习篇enrolment 注册 selective/elective/option 选修课required course/pulsory course 必修课 course arrangement课程安排 application form 申请表 letter of remendation 推荐信 program 某一专业的课程总称 school 学院 graduate school 研究生院 undergraduate 本科 postgraduate 研究生school of Arts and Sciences 文理学院 score 成绩 credit 学分 degrees 学位 assessment 对学生的学习情况进行评估handout 上课老师发的印刷品 assignment 作业 presentation 针对某一专题进行的发言 project 需要学生进行独立钻研的课外课题 paper/thesis/dissertation 论文/硕士论文/博士论文essay 短论文 journal 周记/每周要做的作业 participation 出勤 lecture 老师的讲课 tutorial 助教的辅导 TA(Teaching Assistant)助教 office hour 教授与学生面谈的时间 coordinator 课程协调人/班主任 (2)生活篇cus 校园 mon room (英)师生公用的休息室 canteen 餐厅dining hall 食堂 cafeteria 自助小餐厅 acmodation 住宿dorm/dormitory 宿舍 /roommate/ housemate 合租一间宿舍/公寓/房屋的人 parking lot 停车场 parking regulations 停车规定 shopping mall 购物中心 teaching building 教学楼/教室楼lecture theatre 大教室/阶梯教室 administratingoffice/admin office 行政办公室 laboratory/lab 实验室student union 学生会 society 学生社团 club 学生俱乐部student account 银行中的学生帐户 current account 现金帐户checkbook 支票本 withdraw cash 取钱 deposit money in a bank 存钱 (3)课题研究篇research 研究 deadline 最后期限 poll (民意)调查survey 调查 hypothesis 假设 statistics 统计 statistically valid 统计学上有效的 data/datum 数据 investigation 调查quantitative 数量的/定量的 significant difference 显著的差异 interview 访谈 respondents/interviewee 回答调查问题者/被访谈的人 questionnaire 调查问卷 multiple choice questions 选择题 analyze data 分析数据 results 结果conclusion 结论 interpretation 解释/阐释 opinion 观点 (4) 课程篇mathematic, literature, history, psychology, physics, philosophy, anthropology Arts (Humanities/Social) Science/Science (5)PUTER LAB 计算机篇lab rules printer copier fax machine modern Macintosh work, access to the (6)LIBRARY 图书馆篇due, overdue and pay a fine, renew, information desk stacks(书库)open/closed shelves, library card call slip(索书单)catalogue(under titles/authors/subjects), periodical(magazines and journals), reference books, current/ back issues, librarian and reader三. 指路.指示方向 be far from 距离某处很远 be nearby 距离某处很近 go straight across/ to/ through 径直走过/向/过 cross (over)穿过(某条街道) be next to 紧邻 turn left/right 左转/右转 go up/down 向上(北)/向下(南) go back/back/back up 向回走 go east/west/south/north 向东/南/西/北 goon/along…till you meet…沿…一直走,直到… be on sb s left/right 在某人的左边/右边 be the first/second/third from the left/right 从左/右数第一/二/三个 directly opposite 和…相对 be located behind/in front of 坐落在…的前面/后面 be on the corner of A street and B street 在A 和B街交汇的拐角处 be in the corner of 在…的角落里ground floor (英)首层 wing 配楼/建筑的一部分 annex 配楼/建筑的附属建筑 basement 地下室/第一层 step 台阶 wheel chair access 无台阶的/残疾人用 aisle 过道intersection/crossroad 字路口 a fork on the road 分叉路口a T road 丁字路口intersection/crossroads/junction/clover-leaf 立交桥四. 旅游出行 travel agency 旅行社 flight number 航班号 take off 起飞 land 降落 check in 办理登机手续 motel 汽车旅馆 hostel 青年旅社 book the ticket 订票 passport 护照visa 签证 credit card 信用卡 driving license/ licence 驾照 expire v.驾照.护照等过期 platform 站台 museum 博物馆souvenir 纪念品 art gallery 画廊 hiking 徒步旅行 hitch-hike 搭便车旅行 surfing 冲浪 skiing 滑雪 bag-packer 肩背大包进行自助旅行的人 TOEFL Ibt 学术词汇总结1.ASTRONOMY天文学21 astronomical 天文的 astronomical observatory 天文台 astronomical instruments 天文仪器astronomical telescope 天文望远镜 astronomicalobservation 天文观测 astronomical unit 天文单位astronomical almanac (yearbook)天文年历 plaarium 天文馆 astronomer 天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学 astrophysicist 天文物理学家 astro photo graph 天体摄影影图 astrology 占星学 pseudoscience伪科学 hidebound 包紧的;思想狭隘的 pinnacle(peak; summit; apex)巅;顶峰 deviate 偏离 cosmos (universe)宇宙 cosmology 宇宙学 infinite 无限的 cosmic 宇宙的cosmic force 宇宙力 cosmic dust 宇宙尘 cosmic noise 宇宙噪声 cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射 cosmic rays 宇宙射线cosmic speed 宇宙速度 celestial 天的 celestial body (heavenly body)天体 celestial map (sky atlas)天体团 celestial sphere 天球 celestial globe 天球仪terrestrial … 地球仪 celestial mechanics 天体力学celestial navigation (astronavigation)天文导航 stellar 星的 nebula (复数 nebulae 或 nebulas)星云 nebular(nebulous)星云的;星云状的 dwarf (dwarf star)矮星 quasar 类星体;类星射电源 constellation 星座planisphere 平面天球图, 星座图 galaxy (Milky Way) 银河系 observable 可观察到的 cluster 星团 solar 太阳的 solar system 太阳系 solar corona 日冕 solar flare 日辉;太阳耀斑 solar prominence 日珥 solar eclipse 日食solar radiation 太阳辐射 pla 行星 plaoid (asteroid) 小行星 revolve 旋转;绕转 twinkle 闪烁 naked eye 肉眼Mercury 水星 Venus 金星 Earth 地球 Mars 火星 Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星 Uranus 天王星 Neptune 海王星 Pluto 冥王星orbit 轨道 spin 旋转 satellite 卫星 lunar 月球的 lunar eclipse 月蚀 lunar probe 月球探测器 lunar astronaut 登月宇航员 lunar excursion module登月舱 lunar rover (lunar roving vehicle; moon rover)月面车 lunarscape (moonscape)月面景色 phase 月相;阶段 meteor 流星 meteor shower 流星雨 meteoroid 流星体 meteorite 陨石 et 彗星 space (outer space)太空/外层空间 spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船 space capsule 宇宙飞船座舱;航天舱 space lab 太空实验室 spaceman (astronaut; cosmonaut)宇航员;航天员 space suit 宇航服;航天服 spaceshuttle 航天飞机 space telescope 空间望远镜2. GEOGRAPHY地理 geographer 地理学家 hemisphere 半球northern and southern hemispheres 北半球和南半球 eastern and western hemispheres 东半球和西半球 meridian 子午线;经线 parallel 平行圈;纬线 latitude 纬度 high latitudes 高纬度地区 low latitudes 低纬度地区 temperate latitudes 温带地区 longitude 经度 horizon 地平线 equator 赤道Tropics 热带地区 Arctic 北极 Antarctic (Antarctica) 南极 expedition 探险 zone 气候带 time zone 时区topography 地形 plain 平原 plateau (highland)高地 lowland 低地 basin 盆地 cavern (cave)洞穴 terrain 地域 subterranean (underground)地底下 coastland 沿海地区 island 岛屿 continental island 地陆岛 volcano volcanic island 火山岛… eruption coral island 珊瑚岛 islet 小岛 peninsular 半岛 continent大陆 continental shelf 大陆架 ranges 山脉 valley 峡谷canyon (谷底有溪涧流过的)峡谷 channel (strait)海峡 survey 测绘 elevation 海拔 altitude 高度 remote-sensing 遥感的 terrestrial 地球的;陆地的 globeterrestrial heat (geothermal; heat of the earth s interior)地热 terrestrial magism地磁 (geomagism)地磁3.GEOLOGY地质学 geologist 地质学家 geological (geologic)地质学的 geologic age (geological time)地质时代 geologic map 地质图 geological survey 地质调查 geochronology 地质年代学 geoscience (earth science)地球科学 crust 地壳 continental crust 大陆地壳 oceanic crust 海洋地壳 layer (stratum; 复数 strata)地层 mantle 地幔 core 地核 plate 板块 plate tectonics 板块构造论 fault 断层 fault plane 断层面 fault zone 断层带 rift (crack; split)断裂 disintegration (deposition)分解 erosion侵蚀 fossil化石 rock 岩石 igneous rock火成岩sedimentary rock沉积岩 metamorphic rock变质岩 quartz石英limestone石灰岩 marble大理石 granite花岗岩 lithogenqus岩石成的 lithosphere岩石圈 magma岩浆 prospect勘探sounding测探 mine采矿 mineral矿物 ore矿石 deposit矿床platinum白金;铂 copper黄铜 aluminum铝 tin锡 lead铅unleaded zinc锌 nickel镍 mercury (quicksilver)汞;水银gem宝石 diamond钻石 emerald绿宝石 ruby红宝石 glacier冰川 glacial冰川的 glacial epoch (age, period)冰川期glacial drift冰碛 iceberg冰山 (ice)sheet 冰原;冰盖frigid(refrigerated; freezing)寒冷的 plummet (气温)急剧下降 thaw (melt)融化 retreat后退 terminate(end)结束 volcano 火山active volcano活火山 extinct volcano死火山 dormant volcano休眠火山 eruption火山喷发 crater火山口 lava火山岩浆 scoria火山渣 volcanic火山的 volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰 volcanic bombs火山弹 earthquake (quake; tremor; seism)地震 seismology地震学 magnitude震级 epicenter震中 hypocenter (focus)震源 (earthquake; seismic; shock)wave地震波 cataclysm灾变4. ECOLOGY 生态学 ecological 生态的 ecological condition生态环境 ecological disaster生态祸害 ecologist 生态学家 ecosystem生态系统 balance (of nature)自然界生态平衡 ecosphere(biosphere)生态圈 ecocide生态灭绝preservation(对自然区等的)保护 fauna 动物群 flora植物群rain forest雨林 afforestation 植树造林 food chain食物链environment环境 environmental环境的 environmental pollution环境污染 environmental protection环境保护environmental sanitation环境卫生 (environmental)sanitary engineers环卫工人(工程师) environmentalist环境保护主义者 acid rain 酸雨 greenhouse effect温室效应 infrared radiation 红外线辐射 ozone layer (ozonosphere)臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外线辐射 pollution污染 pollution control污染控制 air pollution空气控制 pollution elimination污染消除 pollution index污染指数 pollution indication organism污染指示生物 air pollution空气污染water pollution水污染 noise pollution噪音污染 soil pollution土壤污染 pollution-free无污染 pollutant污染物noxious (toxic)有毒的 fumes(有毒)废气 waste废物 waste heat废热 waste water废水 solid waste固体垃圾sewage(wastewater)污水 domestic sewage生活污水 sewage purification污水净化 sewage disposal污水处理 sewageplant污水处理工厂 decibel(噪音)分贝 abate (reduce) 减少 abound 大量存在补充: air monitoring空气监测air pollution空气污染 alternative n.二中择一, 可供选择的办法, 事物adj.选择性的, 二中择一的 atmosphere 大气, 空气, 气氛 balance (of nature)自然界生态平衡 burning of coal and oil 煤油燃烧carbon 碳, (一张)复写纸 carbon dioxide release二氧化碳排放 dioxide 二氧化物 clean up 清除干净 climate 气候, 风土, 思潮 climatic change长期的气候变化 coal .煤v.加煤coalification煤化 deforest滥伐森林 desertification沙漠化deteriorate 恶化 disposal废物处理 drought干旱 ecologist 生态学家 ecosystem 生态系统el Niño厄尔尼诺现象emission(汽车废气的)排放 energy conservation保护能源energy source 能源资源 solar energy太阳能 tidal energy潮汐能 fuel-efficient节能型的 nonrenewable不可再生的Environmental Awareness Club exhaust fumes废气 fauna 动物群 flora 植物群 food chain食物链 flood洪水 fossil fuel矿物燃料 fuel-efficient节能型的 fumes (有毒)废气garbage垃圾, 废物 gas 气体, 煤气, 毒气, 汽油,[矿]瓦斯 global warming greenhouse effect 温室效应ice-cap 冰帽 industrial sewage工业污水 infrared radiation 红外线辐射 litter/trash garbage垃圾 long-term climatic change长期的气候变化melt 融化 noise pollution 噪音污染non-renewable 不可更新的 noxious (toxic)有毒的 offshore spillage 近海岸溢出 ozone layer (ozonosphere)臭氧层 pollute/pollutant 污染物 pollution control 污染控制 pollution污染 pollution-free 无污染 preservation 保存 process of photo synthesis光合作用 purify净化 rain forest 雨林 recycle回收利用 recycling center再循环利用中心 recycling再循环 resource 能源 rise in sea level 海平面上升 rush hour 高峰期 sewage (wastewater)污水 sewage disposal污水处理 sewage purification 污水净化 sewage污水 soil pollution 土壤污染 solar energy太阳能 solid waste固体废物 soot烟尘 tidal energy潮汐能traffic jam交通堵塞 trash bag垃圾袋 ultraviolet radiation 紫外线辐射 upper atmosphere上层大气 waste 废物wastewater废水 water pollution 水污染 water shortage 水源缺乏 wildness 野生/天然 zero emission 零辐射5. BIOLOGY 生物 evolution进化 Darwinism达尔文学说species物种 specimen 样本,标本 natural selection自然选择 biological vacuum生物演变真空期 survival生存 thwart (block; obstruct)阻碍 reverse逆向;倒退 degeneration (devolution)退化 alga(复数algae)藻类 invertebrate无脊椎动物aquatic (life)水生动物 reptile爬行动物 hibian(hibious animal)两栖动物 dinosaur恐龙 bird鸟类 extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物 primates灵长目动物 class 纲 order 目family 科 genus 属 suborder 亚目 species 种 insect 昆虫antenna (复数 antennae)触须 larva 幼虫,幼体 camouflage 伪装 pest 害虫 worm 虫,蠕虫 hibernate 冬眠 lizard 蜥蜴 chameleon 变色蜥蜴regeneration 再生 turtle 龟 beast 野兽 domesticate 驯养predatory (carnivorous )食肉的 predator 捕食者 prey (动词)捕食(名词)被捕食的动物 scavenger 食腐动物 migrate 迁移 wing 翅膀,翼bill (鸟)嘴 beak (鹰等的)嘴 nest 筑巢 dolphin 海豚whale 鲸鱼 bat 蝙蝠 gorilla 大猩猩 chimpanzee 黑猩猩habitat 栖息地 rodent 啮齿动物(如松鼠) primate 灵长动物plankton 浮游生物 mollusk 软件动物 coelenterate 腔肠动物(如珊瑚) shrimp 小虾 prawn 对虾 lobster 对虾 crab 螃蟹clam 蛤蜊 sponge 海绵 coral 珊瑚 starfish 海星 canary 金丝雀 chirp (鸟,虫的叫声)唧唧 squeak (老鼠等)吱吱porpoise 海豚 sloth 树懒 slothful 懒惰的 hygiene 卫生sanitation 卫生 parasite 寄生虫 moth 蛾 caterpillar 毛虫hordes (昆虫等)群 swarms (昆虫等)群 flock (鸟,羊等)群herd 兽群 bunch (花等)束,捧 beaver 海狸 munity 动物的群落或人的部落 monogamous 一夫一妻的 polygamous一夫多妻的,一雄多雌的 polyandrous 一妻多夫的,一雌多雄的 trapper 诱捕动物者 rhinoceros 犀牛 niche 小生态环境 vestige 退化器官,遗迹 oyster 牡蛎 fertilizer 使…受精 larvae 幼虫tentacle 触角 homotherm 恒温动物 poikilotherm 变温动物metabolism 新陈代谢 baboon 狒狒 breed (名词)品种,(动词)繁殖 multiply (reproduce)繁殖 hatch 孵 spawn (鱼.虾.蛙等)孵 offspring (young)解剖学 anatomy 解剖学 appetite 食欲 creature 生物microbe 微生物 herbivorous 食草的 carnivorous 食肉的omnivorous 杂食的 insect昆虫 antenna(复数antennae)触须pound eye复眼 thorax 胸部 wing翅膀 larva幼虫;幼体camouflage伪装 beneficial有益的 pest害虫pesticide worm 虫;蠕虫 flatworm扁虫(低等蠕虫) roundworm蛔虫;线虫segmented (worm)分节的 parasite寄生虫 snake蛇 viper蝰蛇adder小毒蛇 rattlesnake响尾蛇 cobra眼镜蛇 venom毒液fang毒牙 molt蜕皮 coil盘绕 hibernate冬眠 lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色蜥蜴 caterpillar regeneration再生 crocodile 鳄鱼 alligator美洲鳄 turtle龟 beast野兽 domesticate驯养domestication predatory (carnivorous)食肉的 prey(动词)捕食;(名词)被捕食的动物scavenger食腐动物 falcon隼 migrate迁移 wing翅膀;翼bill(鸟)嘴 beak(鹰等的)嘴 nest筑巢 nestle perch(鸟)飞落;暂栖 flock to habitat molt (鸟)脱羽毛 dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼 bat蝙蝠 echolocation 声波定位 anthropoid ape类人猿 gorilla大猩猩 chimpanzee黑猩猩 baboon primitive(men)原始的 civilized (men)文明的 diversity品种多样 gregarious (social)群居的 habitat栖息地 breed(名词)品种;(动物)繁殖 reproduce繁殖, 复制, 使.在脑海中重现 multiply (reproduce)繁殖 mating交配 hatch孵 spawn(鱼.蛙等)产卵offspring (young)后代 botany植物学 botanist植物学家 botanical (botanic)植物的 plant植物 seed plant种子植物 garden plant园艺植物 tropical plant热带植物 grassland plant草原植物tundra plant冻原植物 desert plant沙漠植物 alpine plant高山植物 marsh plant沼泽植物 aquatic plant水生植物parasitic plant寄生植物host plant root 根 stem meshwork网状结构 canopy树冠层;顶蓬 foliage (leaf)叶 leaflet小叶rosette(叶的)丛生 stem茎 stalk杆 leafstalk叶柄 shoot (sprout)嫩芽;抽枝 flower花 bud花蕾 blossom petal花瓣wilt, fade 枯萎,凋谢 flesh果肉 stone果核 core果心kernel果仁 peel (skin)果皮 shell (硬)果壳 husk (干)果壳;(玉米)苞叶 trunk树干 branch树枝 bough大或粗树枝 twig小树枝 bark树皮 jungle丛林 blade (of grass)一片草叶 tuft一丛草 lawn草坪 meadow草地;牧场prairie 大草原 shrub (bush)灌木 cluster 一簇(灌木) vine藤 liana藤本植物 fern蕨类植物 herb芳草 herbal tea photosynthesis光合作用 symbiosis共生 autotrophic自养的heterotrophic异养的 wither (shrivel; fade)凋谢 wilt dieback顶死;回枯 pollen花粉 pollinate传授花粉pollination传粉;已授粉状态 nectar 花蜜微生物学microbiology bacteria细菌 bacterium(pl.bacteria)细菌disinfection消毒 enzymes酵母 fermentation发酵 inflection 传染(感染)microbe微生物 microorganism微生物 sterilization灭菌toxin毒素 virus病毒生物化学 amino acids氨基酸carbohydrate 碳水化合物 carbon dioxide二氧化碳 glucose 葡萄糖 organism 有机物 oxidation氧化 protein 蛋白质6. SOCIOLOGY社会学 interrelation相互关系(联系)civilization文明 civilized文明的 brute-like野蛮的 munity 社区;社会 organization。
托福听力Lecture 分类词汇完整版
Lecture分类词汇完整版1.生物学antibody抗体toxin毒素immunity免疫immunology免疫学vaccine疫苗fungus真菌bacteria细菌fermentation发酵inflection传染/感染microorganism / microbe微生物virus病毒disfection消毒sterilization灭菌biology生物学marine biology海洋生物学entomology昆虫学ornithology鸟类学microbiology微生物学genetics遗传学speciology物种学parasitology寄生虫学paleontology古生物学paleontologist古生物学家dinosaur恐龙dieout/extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物carnivore食肉动物rodent啮齿类动物underwater水下的marine海洋的scuba水下呼吸器diving潜水/跳水one-celled organism单细胞有机体tissue(动植物细胞的)组织protective camouflage保护色predator捕猎者oceanicsnail蜗牛animal adaptation动物适应性survival of the fittest适者生存origin of species物种起源wild environment野生环境insecticide杀虫剂prenatal care产后护理habitat 栖息地tentacle触须prey捕食navigate导航tinyreceptor接收器nerve/specimen 物种amphibian两栖类动物decline in the number数量减少gene基因genetic基因的,遗传的endangeredspecies濒危动物survival活着的transition转变/过渡microbe微生物yeast酵母(菌)bacteria细菌single-cell单细胞reptile爬行类动物hatch孵化incubation孵化nest巢offspring子孙chewup咀嚼unfertilizedeggs 未受精卵nutrient营养品nourishment营养品/食物feed喂养cannibalism同类相食respiration呼吸ingestion摄食digestion消化digestive enzyme消化酶cell细胞nucleus细胞核cytoplasm细胞质plasmalemma / cell membrane细胞膜cell wall细胞壁protein蛋白质amino acid核酸plankton浮游生物heredity遗传mutation of species物种变异chromosome染色体genetic engineering遗传工程solitary独居social群居bio-diversity生物多样性metamorphosis变态/变形mutation变种variation变异2.动物学zoology动物学Darwinism达尔文学说natural selection自然选择phylum门class纲order目suborder亚目family科genus属species种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic life水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian/amphibiousanimal两栖动物protozoa原生动物rodent啮齿动物ruminant反刍动物parasiticanimal寄生动物primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物coelenterate腔肠动物(如水母、海蜇、珊瑚等)herbivore食草动物mammal哺乳动物homotherm恒温动物cold-blooded animal冷血动物poikilotherm变温动物scavenger食腐动物carnivorous食肉的herbivorous食草的omnivorous杂食的bird鸟类camouflage伪装hibernate冬眠;蛰伏regeneration 再生predatory / carnivore食肉的predator捕食者prey捕食hordes/swarms(昆虫等)群flock(牛、羊等)群community动物的群落或人的部落population种群herd兽群hygiene卫生sanitation公共卫生;卫生设施monogamous一夫一妻的/一雌一雄的polygamous一夫多妻的/一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的/一雌多雄的nomadic游牧的;流浪的trapper诱捕动物者niche小生态环境vestige 退化器fertilizer使受精metabolism新陈代谢breed(名词)品种;(动词)繁殖multiply/reproduce繁殖spawn(鱼、虾、蛙等)孵anatomy解剖学appetite 食欲creature生物scales鳞feathers羽毛armor甲spinal cord脊椎digestivesystem消化系统excretorysystem排泄系统reproductivesystem生殖系统circulatorysystem循环系统respiratory system呼吸系统hormonal system内分泌系统digestive duct消化管esophagus食管stomach胃smallintestine小肠largeintestine大肠anus肛门digestive gland消化腺salivary gland唾液腺liver肝gallbladder胆pancreas胰squirrel松鼠marten貂bat蝙蝠squeak(老鼠等)吱吱otter水獭antelope羚羊gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩baboon狒狒hyena 鬣狗moose驼鹿beaver海狸elk麋鹿reindeer驯鹿giraffe长颈鹿rhinoceros犀牛hippo河马sloth树懒slothful懒惰的frog青蛙tadpole蝌蚪salamander蝾螈scorpion蝎子turtle龟lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色龙caymen / crocodile鳄鱼centipede蜈蚣robin知更鸟owl猫头鹰barnacle北极鹅penguin企鹅canary金丝雀chirp(鸟、虫的叫声)vulture秃鹫crane鹤stork鹳ptarmigan雷鸟migrate迁移plumage羽体camouflage伪装wing翅膀bill(鸟)嘴beak(鹰等的)嘴insect昆虫wasp黄蜂hornet大黄蜂spider蜘蛛pest害虫worm虫/蠕虫cicada蝉mantis螳螂cockroach蟑螂earthworm蚯蚓antenna / tentacle触须larva幼虫3.海洋生物学jellyfish水母nettlefish海蜇coral珊瑚dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster龙虾crab螃蟹mussel贻贝;蚌类clam蛤蜊oyster牡蛎sponge海绵starfish海星squid鱿鱼;乌贼burro / octopus章鱼sole鳎;鳎目鱼plaice鲽,红斑比目鱼4.植物学botany植物学botanical / botanic植物学的horticulture园艺学aquaticplant 水生植物parasite plant寄生植物root根canopy树冠层/顶棚foliage/leaf叶leaflet小叶rosette(叶的)丛生stem茎stalk杆leafstalk叶柄shoot / sprout嫩芽/抽枝flower花bud花蕾petal花瓣peel / skin果皮shell(硬)果壳husk (干)果壳/(玉米)苞叶trunk树干bark树皮branch树枝bough大或者粗的树枝twig小树枝jungle丛林lawn草坪meadow草地/牧场prairie大草原mosses苔藓shrub / bush灌木cluster一簇(灌木)fern蕨类植物horsetails木贼类植物club mosses石松类植物herb草photosynthesis光合作用chlorophyll叶绿素symbiosis共生symbiotic共生的wither/shrivel/fade凋谢blossom花pollen花粉pollinate传授花粉petal花瓣nectar花蜜tissue组织organ器官system系统seeds种子everlasting永久的crossbreed杂交root pressure根压bore腔/肠cohesion-tension凝聚压力column花柱necrosis坏死barren贫瘠的;不生育的futile无用的carbohydrate (starch)碳水化合物(淀粉)glucose葡萄糖starch淀粉fat脂肪protein蛋白质vitamin维他命malnourished营养不良的nutrition营养perennial多年一生的annual一年一生的verdant绿油油的,嫩绿的,翠绿的evergreen常青树conifertree针叶树larch落叶松pine松树spruce云杉juniper刺柏;杜松sequoia红杉elm榆树walnut核桃树redwood红木树plumblossom梅花orchid兰花chrysanthemum菊花water lily荷花/莲花rhododendron杜鹃花rose玫瑰carnation康乃馨lily百合jasmine茉莉花helianthus/heliotrope/sunflower向日葵camellia茶花corn/maize/mealie玉米pumpkin南瓜tomato番茄lettuce莴苣cabbage卷心菜wheat小麦rye黑麦barley大麦oats燕麦5.气象学meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家meteorologicalstation气象站forecast/predict预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层stratosphere平流层mesosphere中间层ionosphere电离层exosphere逸散层cold front冷锋warmairmass热气团current(气)流moisture潮湿,水气spell某种天气持续一段时间vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp / moist / humid潮湿humidity 湿度moisture潮湿/水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog / mist雾smog烟雾droplet小水condense浓缩crystal水晶体sheet(水、冰、雪的)一层downpour / torrential rain大雨tempest (storm) / torrential rain暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard / snowstorm暴风雪avalanche / snow slide雪崩precipitation (雨、露、雪等)降水thunder雷breeze微风sandstorm沙暴monsoon季风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado / twister / cyclone 龙卷风wind scale风级tsunami / seismic sea wave海啸tidal wave潮汐;浪潮upper atmosphere上层大气funnel漏斗云disaster/calamity/catastrophe灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没drought旱灾convection对流wind velocity风速wind direction风向long-rangeforecast长期预报numerical weather prediction数值天气预报nephanalysis云层分析;卫星云图6.地质学crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continental crust大陆地壳oceanic crust海洋地壳layer /stratum地层stratigraphy地层学fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift/crack / split断裂disintegration / decomposition分解erosion 腐蚀fossil化石igneous rock火成岩sedimentary rock沉积岩metamorphic rock变质岩limestone石灰岩granite花岗岩marble大理石lithosphere岩石圈magma / molten lava岩浆quartz石英mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床rubble碎石debris残骸platinum白金/铂金silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞/水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacial epoch / age /period冰川期glacial drift冰渍moraines冰碛iceberg冰山volcano火山activevolcano活火山extinct volcano死火山dormant volcano休眠火山(sloping) shield volcano盾状火山(平缓)(steep-sided)conevolcano锥状火山(陡峭)eruption火山喷发crater火山口caldera(开口较大的)火山口depression洼地,凹陷处;盆地lava火山岩浆volcanic dust火山尘volcanic ash火山灰geyser间歇喷泉hot spring温泉earthquake/quake/tremor/seism地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismicintensityscale震烈度seismic wave地震波transversewave 横波longitudinalwave纵波epicenter震中epicentral distance震中距aftershock 余震cataclysm灾变tsunami / tidal / force海啸undersea landslide海底山崩melt global warming全球逐渐变暖aquifer蓄水层swamp沼泽peat bog泥炭沼泽Great Canyon大峡谷Nile River尼罗河Colorado river科罗拉多河crumples zones 地质缓冲地带bedrock岩床bulge凸起物7.考古学archaeology考古学paleontology古生物学anthropolog人类学archaeologist 人类学家pale-anthropologist古人类学家ecologicalanthropologist生态人类学家psychologicalanthropologist心理人类学家originate起源于ancestor祖先hominid 人(科)homogeneous同以种族(种类)的tribe部落clan氏族excavation挖掘excavate/unearth挖掘ruins遗迹/废墟remains遗产/遗骸artifact手工艺品relic 遗物/文物antique古物/古董antiquity古代/古老Stone Age石器时代Bronze Age 青铜器时代IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的morphology形态学skull颅骨cranial颅骨的fossil化石ancientcivilization古代文明caveman山顶洞人cultural relics文物rock painting岩画8.地理学hemisphere半球meridian子午线/经线parallel平行圈latitude纬线longitude经线/经度elevation海拔altitude高度/海拔horizon地平线equator赤道temperaturelatitudes温带地区tropics热带地区Arctic / the North Pole北极Antarctic/Antarctica南极theAntarctic Continent南极洲the Antarctic Circle南极圈the Arctic Circle北极圈aurora极光tropics of Cancer北回归线tropics of Capricorn 南回归线international date line国际日期变更线time difference时差time zone 时区topography地形/地形学plain平原plateau/ highland高地lowland低地basin盆地oasis绿洲enclave飞地peak山峰cordillera/ranges山脉carven / cave 洞穴terrain地域subterranean地底下coastland沿海地区coastline海岸线watershed分水岭upper reaches上游lowerreaches下游tributary支流deposit沉积spring / fountain泉水iceberg冰山riverbed河床gulf / bay海湾waterfall瀑布cascade小瀑布;喷流reef暗礁tide湖水torrent水的急流tropical rain forest热带雨林continental island大陆岛volcanic island火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛archipelago群岛delta三角洲landlocked area内陆inland waterway内陆河subcontinent次大陆cliff山崖valley山谷hillside/mountainslope 山坡continentalshelf大陆架canyon / gorge峡谷channel / strait海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的/陆地的terrestrial heat / geothermal地热terrestrial magnetism地磁continental drift大陆漂移学sea-floor spreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的frostheaving冻胀现象tundra苔原,冻原fieldstone卵石theMediterraneanSea地中海theprimevalforest原始森林Scandinavia斯堪的纳维亚(半岛)(瑞典、挪威、丹麦、冰岛的泛称)fjord峡湾coral reef珊瑚礁Chalk白垩纪cataclysm大洪水ridge山脊;分水岭abyss深渊territory版图;领土地域Pyrenees比利牛斯山脉Carpathians喀尔巴阡山脉Vesuvius维苏威火山Pompeii庞贝precipice悬崖eon世;纪;代glacier冰河Pangaea盘古大陆dune沙丘Lagoon咸水湖9.天文学astronomy天文学astronomical observatory天文台planetarium天文馆astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos / universe 宇宙cosmology宇宙infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmic radiation宇宙辐射cosmic rays宇宙射线celestial天体的celestial body / heavenly body天体celestial map / sky atlas天体图celestial sphere天球dwarf / dwarf star矮星quasar类星体constellation星座galaxy / Milky Way银河系starcluster星团asterism星群solarsystem太阳系solarcorona日冕solareclipse日食solar radiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid / asteroid小行星revolve旋转twinkle闪烁naked eye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的meteor流星meteor shower流星雨star恒星meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space / outer space太空,外层空间spacecraft / spaceship宇宙飞船space shuttle航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜astronaut / spaceman宇航员space suit宇航服stellar恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云space debris太空垃圾ammonia氨photosphere光球;光球层chromospheres色球;色球层日冕层sunspot太阳黑子(发生在光球层)flare耀斑(发生在色球层)solar prominence 日珥(发生在色球层)convection zone对流层vacuum真空infrared ray红外线absolutemagnitude绝对量级emission发射/散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪,干涉仪illusive object幻影体faint微弱的image影像gravitational force吸引力molten融化的leap year闰年rotation自传revolution公转black hole黑洞ultraviolet ray紫外线luminosity光度light year光年10.环保相关ecology生态学ecosystem生态系统balance of nature自然界生态平衡fauna 动物群flora植物群rain forest雨林food chain食物链acidrain酸雨greenhouse 温室效应infrared radiation红外线辐射ozone layer / ozonosphere臭氧层ultraviolet radiation紫外辐射pollution control污染控制air pollution空气控制water pollution水污染noxious / toxic有毒的fumes(有毒的)废气waste废物solidwaste固体废物sewage/wastewater污水sewage purification污水净化swage disposal污水处理decibel(噪音)分贝11.能源相关fossil fuel矿物燃料process of photo synthesis光合作用solar energy太阳能nonrenewable不可再生的energyconservation保护能源resource资源energysource能源资源tidalenergy潮汐能fuel-efficient节能型的rush hour高峰期zero emission零辐射wildness野生/天然preservation保护atmosphere大气carbon碳dioxide二氧化物burningofcoaland oil煤油燃烧global warming全球变暖greenhouse effect温室效应rise in sea level海平面上升long-term climatic change长期的气候变化environmental recycling center再循环利用中心litter/trash garbage垃圾pollutant污染物desertification沙漠化deforest滥伐森林drought干旱water shortage水源缺乏offshore spillage近海岸溢出carbondioxiderelease二氧化碳排放industrial sewage工业污水recycling再循环purify净化deteriorate恶化acid rain酸雨sewage disposal污水处理environmentprotection环境保护ozone layer臭氧层waste disposal废物处理emission(汽车废气的)排放soot烟尘El Niño厄尔尼诺现象12.新技术发明相关13.人类学artist艺术家choreographer舞蹈编排家critic批评家satirist讽刺作家inventor发明家biographer自传作家sculptor雕塑家feminist女权主义者humanitarian人道主义者imagist意象派诗人philanthropist慈善家proprietor业主mortal犯人precursor先驱figurehead名誉领袖disciple学徒apprentice学徒mechanic机械工minimalist简单抽象派艺术家avant-garde前卫派territory领域genre风格/体裁eccentric古怪的odd怪诞的/奇数的erratic奇怪的weird怪异的/不可思议的romantic浪漫的innocent天真的/无罪的lovelorn相思病苦的emotional情绪的/情感的sentimental感伤的/多愁善感的cheerless无精打采的/无生命力的patriarchal家长的/族长的rigid僵化的spare简朴的clumsy笨拙的zigzag曲折的contemporary当代的acclaimed受欢迎的preeminent杰出的versatile(人)多才多艺的/(物)多功能的household家庭的/家喻户晓的genuine真正的authentic逼真的/原汁原味的symbolic象征性的immortal不朽的/神nostalgia怀旧主义/思乡emotive感人的prodigious巨大的classic经典的posthumous死后的14.发展史文学pose散文diary日记autobiography传记editorial社论narrativeprose叙述性descriptiveprose描写性essay随笔poetry诗歌ballad民谣lullaby催眠曲fiction 小说allegory寓言fairy tale童话legend传说proverb谚语model人物原型leadingcharacter主人公main plot主要情节prelude序曲prologue序言epilogue 尾声literarycriticism文学批评literarystudies文学研究schoolsofliterature文学流派comparativeliterature比较文学realism现实主义surrealism超现实主义futurism未来主义modernism现代主义aestheticism唯美主义音乐musical instrument乐器orchestra(管弦)乐队shook rattle摇拨浪鼓pound dru击鼓foot beat跺脚note音符score乐谱movement乐章fanatical狂热的hillbillymusic乡村音乐folkmusic民间音乐popmusic流行音乐classicalmusic古典音乐Jazz爵士乐symphony交响乐rock and roll摇滚乐band music / wind music 管乐string弦乐violin小提琴viola中提琴cello大提琴harp竖琴horn号;喇叭clarinet单簧管oboe双簧管keyboard instrument键盘乐器percussion震荡/打击乐器vocal music声乐concerto协奏曲sonata奏鸣曲serenade小夜曲solo独奏/独唱duet二重唱conducting指挥podium指挥台accompaniment伴奏quality音质volume音量chord和弦harmony和声rest休止time节拍lullaby催眠曲prelude政治经济序曲epilogue尾声subsistence存活,生活subsistence wage刚够养家糊口的工资subsistence level收支平衡的生活水平kinship亲属关系,血缘关系commodity商品check支票;收据;账单bank loan银行贷款interest利息withdraw从银行账户中提款honor (a cheque/bill/draft)承兑a run ona bank挤兑the Great Depression大萧条consumerism消费主义(认为高消费对个人和社会有利的看法);保护消费者权益主义affluence富裕,富足sophisticated世故的,老练的;复杂的,尖端的建筑architecture建筑学architect建筑学家construct结构wing辐楼/侧楼design 设计elevator电梯skyscraper摩天大楼designelement设计元素logstructure原木结构cabin小木屋beam梁prototype原型building technique建筑工艺new material新材料metal-frame金属结构repairperson修理工planetarium天文馆aquarium水族馆archives档案馆officebuilding写字楼cathedral大教堂mosque 清真寺thestatueofliberty自由女神像thetriumphal arch凯旋门sphinx狮身人面像pyramid金字塔castle城堡美术fine arts美术oil painting油画water color水彩画tempera蛋彩画sketch速写/素描pastel彩色蜡笔画poster海报/招贴画charcoaldrawing木炭画muralpainting/fresco壁画engraving版画lithograph石板画landscape painting风景画still life静物画portrait肖像画caricature漫画pigment颜色,色素canvas油画布brush画笔drawingboard画板perspective透视画法original原作copy临本reproduction / replica复制品genuine真的fake假的gallery美术馆autograph真迹panorama全景画calligraphy书法paste裱糊impressionistic style印象派风格framing装框sculpture雕塑sculptor雕塑家figurine小雕像bust半身雕塑像statue塑像unique唯一的/独特的animator漫画家saxophonist萨克斯风管吹奏者indigo靛蓝purple紫色。
新托福听力学术讲座背景词汇
1?地理?GEOGRAPHYgeography?地理?geographer?地理学家?hemisphere?半球?meridian?子午线,经线?parallel?平行圈,纬线?latitude?经度?longitude? 度?elevation?海拔?altitude?高度?horizon?地平线?equator?赤道?tropics?热带地区?Arctic?北极?Antarctic(Antarctica)?南极?expedition?探险?time?zone?时区?topography?地形,地形学?plain?平原?plateau?(highland)?高地?lowland?低地?basin?盆地?cavern?(cave)?洞穴?terrain?地域?subterranean?(?underground)?地底下?coastland?沿海地区?island?岛屿?continental?island?大陆岛?volcanic?island?火山岛?coral?island?珊瑚岛?? 当你消沉时,不要寻找任何人,自己去解决。
peninsular?半岛?continent?大陆?continental?shelf?大陆架?ranges?山脉?valley?峡谷?canyon?峡谷?channel?(strait)?海峡?terrestrial?地球的,陆地的?terrestrial?heat?(geothermal)?地热?continental?drift?大陆漂移学说???ocean?bottom?海床?sediment?沉淀物,沉积物?tropical?热带的?temperate?温带的?frigid?寒带的?formation?形成?fieldstone?卵石?2地质类geology?地质学?geologist?地质学家?crust?地壳?mantle?地幔?core?地核?continental?crust?大陆地壳? oceanic?crust?海洋地壳?layer?(stratum,复数strata)?地层? plate?板块?fault?断层?fault?plane?断层面?fault?zone?断层带?rift?(crack;?split)?断裂? disintegration?(decomposition)?分解? erosion?腐蚀?fossil?化石?igneous?rock?火成岩?sedimentary?rock?沉积岩? metamorphic?rock?变质岩?quartz?石英?limestone?石灰岩?marble?大理石?granite?花岗岩?mineral?矿物?ore?矿石?deposit?矿床?platinum?白金,铂?silver?银?copper?黄铜?aluminum?铝?tin?锡?lead?铅?zinc?锌?nickel?镍?mercury?汞,水银?sodium?钠?gem?宝石?diamond?钻石?glacier?冰川?glacial?冰川的?glacial?epoch?(?age,?period)?冰川期? iceberg?冰山?volcano?火山?active?volcano?活火山?extinct?volcano?死火山?dormant?volcano?休眠火山?eruption?火山喷发?crater?火山口?lava?火山岩浆?volcanic?火山的?volcanic?dust?火山尘?earthquake?(?quake;?tremor;? seism)?地震?seismic?地震的?seismology?地震学?magnitude?震级?seismic?wave?地震波?3天文类astronomy?天文学?astronomical?天文的?astronomical?observatory?天文台? astronomer?天文学家?astrophysics?天文物理学?astrology?占星学?pseudoscience?伪科学?cosmos(universe)?宇宙?cosmology?宇宙学?infinite?无限的?cosmic?宇宙的?cosmic?radiation?宇宙辐射?cosmic?rays?宇宙射线?celestial?天的?celestial?body?(heavenly?body)?天体? celestial?map?(sky?atlas)?天体图? celestial?sphere?天球? constellation?星座?cluster?星团?solar?system?太阳系?solar?radiation?太阳辐射?planet?行星?planetoid?(asteroid)?小行星?revolve?旋转,绕转?twinkle?闪烁?Mercury?水星?Venus?金星?Earth?地球?Mars?火星?Jupiter?木星?Saturn?土星?Uranus?天王星?Neptune?海王星?Pluto?冥王星?orbit?轨道?spin?旋转?satellite?卫星?lunar?月球的?meteor?流星?meteor?shower流星雨?meteoroid?流星体?meteorite?陨石?comet?彗星?space?(outer?space)?太空,外层空间? spacecraft?(spaceship)?宇宙飞船?space?shuttle?航天飞机?space?telescope空间望远镜?astronaut?宇航员?star?恒星?stellar?恒星的?interstellar?恒星间的?interplanetary?行星间的?asteroid?小行星?nebula?星云?corona?日冕?vacuum?真空?infrared?ray?红外线?radiation?辐射?emission?发射,散发?4.考古,人类anthropologist?人类学家? paleoanthropologist?古人类学家? ecological?anthropologist?生态人类学家? psychological?anthropologist?心理人类学家? origin?起源?originate?起源于?ancestor?祖先?homogeneous?同一种族(种类)的? tribe?部落?clan?氏族?archeologist?考古学家?excavation?挖掘?excavate?(unearth)?挖掘?ruins?遗迹,废墟?remains?遗迹,遗骸?relic?遗物,文物?antique?古物,古董?antiquity?古代,古老?Stone?Age?石器时代?Bronze?Age?(青)铜器时代?Iron?Age?铁器时代?Paleolithic?旧石器时代的? Mesolithic?中石器时代的?Neolithic?新石器时代的? archaeology?考古学?anthropology?人类学?morphology?形态学??5.生态类ECOLOGY?生态学ecologist?生态学家?ecosystem?生态系统?balance?(of?nature)?自然界生态平衡? fauna?动物群?flora?植物群?rain?forest?雨林?food?chain?食物链?acid?rain?酸雨?greenhouse?effect?温室效应? infrared?radiation?红外线辐射? ozone?layer?(ozonosphere)?臭氧层? ultraviolet?radiation?紫外辐射? pollution?污染?pollution?control?污染控制?air?pollution?空气污染?water?pollution?水污染?noise?pollution?噪音污染?soil?pollution?土壤污染?pollution-free?无污染?pollutant?污染物?noxious?(toxic)?有毒的?fumes?(有毒)废气?waste?废物?solid?waste?固体垃圾?sewage?(wastewater)?污水?sewage?purification?污水净化? sewage?disposal?污水处理?decibel?(噪音)分贝?6气象类?Meteorology?气象?meteorology?气象?meteorologist?气象学家?forecast?(predict)?预报?climate?气候?atmosphere?大气层?troposphere?对流层?current?(气)流?vapor?蒸汽?evaporate?蒸发?damp?(wet;?moist;?humid)?潮湿的? humidity?湿度?moisture?潮湿;水分?saturate?饱和?dew?露?frost?霜?fog?(mist)?雾?smog?烟雾?droplet?小水珠?condense?浓缩?crystal?水晶体?downpour?(torrential?rain)?大雨? tempest?(storm)?暴风雨?drizzle?细雨?shower?阵雨?hail?冰雹?blizzard?(snowstorm)?暴风雪? avalanche?(snowslide)?雪崩? precipitation??(雨、露、雪等)降水? breeze?微风?gale?大风?whirlwind?旋风?typhoon?台风?hurricane?飓风?tornado?(twister,?cyclone)?龙卷风? drought?旱灾?7化学类chemistry?化学chemical?property?化学特性,化学性质chemical?agent?化学试剂chemical?reaction?化学反应chemical?change?化学变化chemical?bond?化学键chemical?apparatus?化学器械substance?(matter;?material)?物质element?元素periodic?table?周期表hydrogen?氢oxygen?氧nitrogen?氮helium?氦carbon?碳calcium?钙silicon?硅sulfur?硫iodine?碘compound?化合物hydrocarbon?碳氢化合物derivative?衍生物alchemy?炼金术petroleum?(oil)?石油petroleum?products?石油产品crude?oil?原油refine?提炼,精炼gasoline?汽油methane?甲烷solution?溶液dissolve?溶解solvent?溶剂cohesive?聚合力adhesive?粘合力atom?原子nucleus?原子核electron?电子neutron?中子proton?质子molecule?分子particle?粒子ion?离子particle?accelerator?粒子加速器catalysis?(复数catalyses)?催化作用catalyst?催化剂artificial?人造的synthetic?合成的synthetic?fiber?人造纤维polymer?聚合物polymerization?聚合作用plastic?塑料dye?染料cosmetics?化妆品8物理类?PHYSICS 物理?physics?物理?mechanics?力学?thermodynamics?热力学?acoustics?声学? electromagnetism?电磁学?optics?光学?dynamics?动力学?force?力?velocity?速度?acceleration?加速度?equilibrium?平衡?motion?运动?inertia?惯性?gravitation?引力?relativity?相对?gravity?地心引力?vibration?震动?frequency?频率?wavelength?波长?pitch?音高?intensity?强度?echo?回声?resonance?回声,洪亮?sonar?声纳?ultrasonics?超声学?electricity?电?static?electricity?静电? magnetism?磁性,磁力?magnet?磁体?electromagnet?电磁?magnetic?field?磁场?electric?current?电流?direct?current?(DC)?直流电? alternating?current?(AC)?交流电? electric?circuit?电路?electric?charge?电荷?electric?voltage?电压?electric?shock?触电?electric?appliance?电器?conductor?导体?insulator?绝缘体?semiconductor?半导体?battery?(cell)?电池?dry?battery?干电池?storage?battery?蓄电池?electronics?电子学?electronic?电子的?electronic?component?(part)?电子零件? integrated?circuit?集成电路?chip?集成电器片,集成块?electron?tube?电子管?vacuum?tube?真空管?transistor?晶体管?amplification?(名词)放大?amplify?(动词)放大?amplifier?放大器,扬声器?oscillation?震荡?optical?光(学)的?optical?fiber?光学纤维?lens?透镜,镜片?convex?凸透镜?concave?凹透镜?microscope?显微镜?telescope?望远镜?magnifier?放大镜?spectrum?光谱?ultraviolet?紫外线?X?rays??X射线?Gamma?rays??γ射线?infrared?rays?红外线? microwaves?微波?dispersion?色散? transparent?透明? translucent?半透明?opaque?不透明的9.动物ANIMALDarvinism?达尔文学说? natural?selection?自然选择? class?纲?order?目?family?科?genus?属?suborder?亚目?species?种?invertebrate?无脊椎动物? vertebrate?脊椎动物?aquatic(?life)?水生动物? reptile?爬行动物? amphibian?(amphibious? animal)?两栖动物?dinosaur?恐龙?bird?鸟类?extinction?灭绝?mammal?哺乳动物?primates?灵长目动物?insect?昆虫?antenna?(复数?antennae)?触须? larva?幼虫,幼体? camouflage?伪装?pest?害虫?worm?虫,蠕虫?hibernate?冬眠? regeneration?再生? domesticate?驯养?predator?捕食者?prey?(动词)捕食? scavenger?食腐动物?migrate?迁移?wing?翅膀,翼?bill?(鸟)嘴?beak?(鹰等的)嘴?nest?筑巢?habitat?栖息地?rodent?啮齿动物(如松鼠)? primate?灵长动物?plankton?浮游生物?mollusk?软体动物?coelenterate?腔肠动物(如珊瑚)? chirp?(鸟,虫的叫声)唧唧?squeak?(老鼠等)吱吱?slothful?懒惰的?hygiene?卫生?sanitation?卫生?parasite?寄生虫?hordes?(昆虫等)群?swarms?(昆虫等)群?flock?(鸟,羊等)群?community?动物的群落或人的部落? herd?兽群?bunch?(花等)束,捧? monogamous?一夫一妻的,一雄一雌的? polygamous一夫多妻的,一雄多雌的? polyandrous?一妻多夫的,一雌多雄的? trapper?诱捕动物者?niche?小生态环境?vestige?退化器官,遗迹?fertilizer?使…受精?larvae?幼虫?tentacle?触角?homotherm?恒温动物?poikilotherm?变温动物? metabolism?新陈代谢?baboon?狒狒?breed?(名词)品种,(动词)繁殖? multiply?(reproduce)繁殖?hatch?孵?spawn?(鱼、虾、蛙等)孵?offspring?(young)?解剖学? anatomy?解剖学?appetite?食欲?creature?生物?microbe?微生物?herbivorous?食草的?carnivorous?食肉的?omnivorous?杂事的10?植物PLANTbotany?植物学?botanist?植物学家?botanical?(botanic)?植物的? plant?植物?aquatic?plant?水生植物? parasite?plant?寄生植物? root?根?canopy?树冠层,顶棚?foliage?(leaf)?叶?leaflet?小叶?rosette?(叶的)丛生?stem?茎?stalk?杆?leafstalk?叶柄?shoot嫩芽,抽枝?flower?花?bud?花蕾?petal?花瓣?peel(skin)?果皮?shell?(硬)?果壳?husk?(干)果壳;(玉米)苞叶? trunk?树干?branch?树枝?bough?大或者粗的树枝?twig?小树枝?bark?树皮?jungle?丛林?lawn?草坪?meadow?草地,牧场?prairie?大草原?shrub?(bush)?灌木?cluster?一簇(灌木)?fern?蕨类植物?herb?草?photosynthesis?光合作用? symbiosis?共生?wither?(shrivel,?fade)?凋谢? pollen?花粉?pollinate?传授花粉? pollination?授粉?cell?细胞?tissue?组织?organ?器官?system?系统?seeds?种子?everlasting?永久的?orchid?兰花?pollinate?授粉?crossbreed?杂交?shrub?灌木?sequoia?红杉?root?pressure?根压?cohesion-tension?凝聚压力?bore?腔,肠?column?花柱?symbiotic?共生的?immunity?免疫?organism?生物,有机物?necrosis?坏死?barren?贫瘠?futile?无用的?carbohydrate?(starch)?碳水化合物(淀粉),糖类? glucose?葡萄糖?starch?淀粉?fat?脂肪?protein?蛋白质?vitamin?维他命?calorie?卡路里(热量单位)?malnourished?营养不良的?nutrition?营养??11教育类EDUCATION?教育?educator?教育家?higher?education?高等教育?moral?character?道德品质?domain?领域?faculty?全体教员?alumni?校友?treasurer?生活委员,财务大臣?elective?system?选课制度?curriculum?课程(总称)?discipline?学科,管理?learn?by?rote?死记硬背12音乐MUSICmusical?instrument?乐器?orchestra?乐队?string?弦乐?wind?管乐?shook?rattle?摇拨浪鼓? pound?drum?击鼓?footbeat?点脚,跺脚? percussion?震荡,打击乐器? note?音符?score?乐谱?movement?乐章?fanatical?狂热的?hillbilly?music?乡村音乐? folk?music?民间音乐?pop?music?流行音乐? classical?music?古典音乐? Jazz?爵士乐?13.农业AGRICULTUREagriculture (farming) 农业agricultural 农业的land (soil) 土壤;土地soil conservation 土壤保护soil erosion 泥土流失silt 粉砂,泥沙clay 黏土,湿土clod 土块agrarian 土地的,农业的pilot (experimental ) 试验性的harrow( rake) 耙,耙土ridge 田埂furrow 犁沟plot (patch)小块地ranch 农场,牧场plantation 种植园orchard 果园nursery 苗圃seedbed 苗床sickle 镰刀spade 铲,锹shovel (平头) 铲pick 稿tractor 拖拉机cultivate (till) 耕作sow(seed) 播种harvest 收割weed 除草irrigate 灌溉manure(fertilizer) 肥料spray 喷洒(农药)insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest 害虫rust 锈病grain (cereal) 谷物,谷粒granary(grain store) 粮仓mill 碾,磨wheat 小麦corn 玉米rice 大米barley 大麦sorghum 高粱oats燕麦rye 黑麦millet 粟,小米vegetable 蔬菜horticulture 园艺学hydroponics 水栽法,营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed) 温室cabbage 洋白菜lettuce 生菜mustard 芥菜spinach 菠菜broccoli 花椰菜cucumber 黄瓜eggplant 茄子pepper 辣椒pumpkin 南瓜tomato 西红柿beet 甜菜carrot 胡萝卜radish 小红萝卜pea 豌豆soybean 大豆celery 芹菜garlic 大蒜leek 韭菜onion 洋葱头potato 土豆peanut 花生sesame 芝麻cotton 棉花husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业pasture 牧场livestock 家畜fowl (poultry) 家禽cattle 牛,家畜buffalo 野牛dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛dairy farm 乳牛场hay (作饲料用)干草haystack 干草堆fodder (feed) 饲料trough 饲料槽barn(shed) 牲口槽stable 厩,马厩cowshed 牛棚pigpen (hog pen, pigsty) 猪圈sheepfold (sheep pen) 羊栏roost (hen house) 鸡舍fish farm 养鱼场aquaculture 水产养殖14. 政治POLITICS ?constitution 宪法legislation 立法Democrats 民主党Republicans 共和党Amendment 修正案Congress 美国国会Senate 参议院House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制anarchism 无政府主义federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal 市的,市政的metropolitan 大都市的centralized 中央集权的ideology 意识形态maneuver 擦略tariff 关税immigrant 移民institutionalize 机构化election 选举vote 投票officeholding 任职veto 否决American Revolution 美国革命/独立战争Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国内战radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的independent 独立的breathtaking 激动人心的military 军事的colonize 拓殖,殖民per capita 人均treason 叛国conspiracy 阴谋imprisonment 监禁release 释放pardon 特赦accusation 谴责,指控welfare 福利patronage 资助,赞助unionization 联合,结合15.学科类Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogics 教育学,教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学16. 教师称号?professor?教授?lecturer?=?instructor?讲师?teaching?assistant?=?TA?助教? research?assistant?=?RA?助研? counselor,?adviser?咨询者,顾问?.?(Bachelor?of?Arts)?文学士??(degree?of?Master?of?Arts)?文学硕士? .?(Master?of?Science)?理硕士?.?(Doctor?of?Medicine)?医学博士?.?(Doctor?of?Philosophy)?(哲学)博士? president?大学校长?teacher/faculty?教师?student's?advisor?学生顾问?physicist?物理学家?mathematician?数学家?chemist?化学家?historian?历史学家?statistician?统计学家?17.正评价?fascinating?=?fantastic?精彩的? thought?provoking?发人深思的? stimulating?令人兴奋的?sense?of?humor?幽默感?负评价?boring?无聊的?drop?off?to?sleep?睡着了?doze?off?打瞌睡?drowsy?昏昏欲睡的?clock?watcher?不断看表的人?make?no?sense?毫无意义?。
托福听力对话场景词汇
新托福IBT对话场景dormitory n.宿舍入学:auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall enrollment 登记, 注册assembly n集.合,集会hallopening ceremony n开.业典礼, 仪式computer lab 计算实验室,机房commencement ceremony毕业典礼dining hall 食堂convocation n.正式会议〔可指简单的毕选课业典礼〕学科orientation meeting开学说明会major 主修minor 副修staff n.全体职员science理科, arts文科, engineering 工freshman 〔大学〕一年级学生科sophomore 〔大学〕二年级学生Mathematics 数学junior 〔大学〕三年级学生physics 物理senior 〔大学〕四年级学生chemistry 化学tuition, fee 费用biology 生物学placement test开学测试geography 地理学excellent 出色的electronics 电子学average 平均的,一般的computer science计算机科学below average 低于平均水平的,差的astronomy 天文学构造及称谓: electronics engineering 电子工程学university- president 大学,校长botany 植物学chancellor 名誉校长psychology 心理学college 学院zoology 动物学school 学院architecture 建筑学dean 院长oceanography 海洋学principal 中学校长ecology 生态学professor 教授medical science 医学associate professor副教授archaeology 考古学assistant professor助理教授history 历史学coordinator 班主任,协调人linguistics 语言学counselor 辅导员pedagogies 教育学,教学法advisor 指导教师anthropology 人类学instructor 讲师economics 经济学tutor 个人辅导statistics 统计学supervisor 管理人accounting 会计学undergraduate本科philosophy 哲学graduate 研究生类型建筑物buildings: required、compulsory course 必修课canteen餐.厅selective/optional course选修课cafeteria.自助餐厅elective course 选修课administration building 行政大楼lecture 讲座main building 主楼seminar 高级研讨性课wing/annex 配楼colloquium n.报告课teaching building 教学楼tutorial 个人辅导课程1workshop 专题课程historian 历史学家级别statistician 统计学家Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental初级作业:Intermediate, secondary中级assignment 作业Advanced 高级homework = coursework = schoolwork Prerequisite 先修课程= studies 作业上课:lab report 实验报告Attend class 上课book report 读书报告Miss class 缺课project 作业Skip class逃课presentation 发言Syllabus 教学大纲term paper 学期论文〔research pape〕r Required textbook 要求的课本thesis/essay/dissertation论文Attendance 出勤journal 学术期刊Grading system 打分体系social investigation 社会调查Class participation 课堂参与survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷杂observation n.观察semester/term学期quarter小学期interview vt.n.采访course guideline 课程纲要collect data 收集数据major 主修broad (论文等)内容广泛minor 副修narrow down (论文等)缩小X围exemption 免修source 〔写论文的〕参考资料syllabus 教学大纲critical thinking 评判性思维Professor ’s signat教u re授的签字〔用于lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法注册课程〕deadline n.最终期限Course cap课程容量〔可以招收的学生extension 延期数〕, due date/time期限openings 〔可供注册的名额〕outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap)Take选〔课〕, drop 退〔课〕bibliography n 书目, 参考书目Late registration晚注册reference 参考Deregistration 注销plagiarism n. 抄袭教师称号revise v. 修改professor 教授rewrite v. 重写lecturer = instructor 讲师final draft 完成稿teaching assistant = TA助教speech n演.讲research assistant = RA助研presentation 演讲,陈述counselor, adviser咨询者,参谋eye contact 目光接触president 大学校长intonation 音调teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生参谋考试:physicist 物理学家mid-term exam 期中考mathematician 数学家final exams = finals 期末考chemist 化学家cumulative final 总结性考试2WORD格式take-home exam〔拿回家的开卷考试,circulation desk 借书处一般有限定的时间〕reserved books馆藏书〔只能在图书馆open-book exam 开卷考试内借阅〕subjective test 主观性测试library card 借书证objective test 客观性测试overdue fine 过期罚金pop quiz 抽查式测验periodical reading room 期刊阅览室blue book 答题本online journal 在线期刊assessment n估价video tape 录像带appraisal n评.价, 估价back issue 过期杂志make up for补考, current issue 近期杂志resit, retake重考archive 档案grade 〔mark 、score〕分数non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说成绩:copier 复印机perfect grade 优异成绩check out 办理〔借、还〕手续low grade 低分renew 续借high mark 高分overdue过期passing grade及格分interlibrary service 馆际效劳failing grade 不及格分局部名称full marks 总分值information desk n.效劳台straight A's 全A delivery/circulation desk 借书台be all A's and B's 全是A 和B shelf n.书架B plus B 加photocopy room复印室A minus A 减return area 还书处pass the iexam with flying colors 以优students locker 学生存储间异成绩通过考试reference section参考书部graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业科研过程diploma, degree, certificate 文凭,学Hypothesis位,证书Alternative hypothesis择一假说考试问题:分析成绩低的原因,给出Null hypothesis 无效假说, 零假说解决方法Collect dataSurvey, questionnaire图书馆:Experimentlibrary 图书馆Interfere, influencelibrarian 图书管理员Observationpublication 出版物Analyze dataperiodical 期刊Interpret datamagazine 杂志Analysisbook catalogue 图书目录Analyticalclassified catalogue 分类目录Subjectbibliography 参考书目Sampletitle index 书目索引Treatment groupalphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索Non-treatment引Control group3tenant 房客校内工作,课外活动patio n.阳台,sliding door n.推拉门及寻找经济援助:single room 单人房Letter of reference/recommendation twin room 双人房Competitive two-bedroom apartmentBenefit future career house key 房锁匙Field research 床上用品: Collect data for paperspillow n. 枕头Waiter, waitress,Babysitter bed linen n. 床上用品Work at the library sheet n. 被单Qualification 资格, qualified 合格的mattress n床.垫Resume, CV blanket n.毯子financial aid 经济援助towel n.手巾, 毛巾Scholarship Fellowship quilt n.棉被Teaching assistantship助教奖学金Research assistantship研究奖学金电器类Grant 助学金electric appliance(instrument; Loan 贷款equipment) 电器Need-based以需求为根底heater, furnace加热器,炉子Merit-based 以优秀为根底heating unit 暖气片Student union 学生会air conditioner 空调设备Clubs 俱乐部stove 炉子Membership 成员资格microwave oven 微波炉Career service washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机〔laundry 洗衣店〕住宿:utensil 器皿;用具宿舍:kitchen utensil 炊具accommodation n住.处, 膳宿oven 烤箱;烤炉residence hall宿舍range 煤气灶suite 套间dishwasher 洗碟机studio 工作室,独立套间washing machine 洗衣机village 村落〔校内一栋一栋的房子,(hot-water) heater 热水器可以用做宿舍〕coffeepot 咖啡壶lounge n.公共大厅〔可以用做娱乐〕refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那vacuum cleaner 吸尘器种tape player 录音机roommate同屋者,室友CD player CD 机corridor n. 走廊,过道,Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修,保养租房家具类lease n租.借, 租约furniture 家具landlord 房东bookshelf 书架landlady 女房东bookcase 书柜rent 租金couch 沙发4WORD格式chest 柜子;橱;箱子dresser (bureau)梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱;储藏柜;陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture 〔房屋〕固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产get insurance for personalpossessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/waste n垃. 圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key 丢钥匙break in 闯入5WORD格式6。
新托福听力场景词汇
CONVERSATION1. 课程相关事务场景♦D iscussion讨论, presentation 发言topic题目, lecture演讲slide滑过,幻灯片library图书馆, collection聚集,收藏品,check in 报到,记录check out借,结账离开librarian图书管理员♦R eport报道, office hour办公时间,师生互动时间, submit上交on disk在磁盘上hard copy纸质版, soft copy电子文件, print打印, computer lab电脑室♦P roject课题,理科生作业tons of大量, cover 包括,写过,报导re-write 重写, research data研究数据database数据库, input输入output输出, , complete完成♦T erm paper,期末论文grade成绩, complicated复杂的, terrible mistake严重的错误, edited version编辑过的版本, overtired过于劳累的, rushing against the clock争分夺秒, mark标记,成绩, draft草稿, print打印, final paper,期末论文maintaining average维持平均, application申请, drop放弃re-take再上一遍, extension延期, discuss讨论, check back查阅记录, re-reading重读, submission服从,提交(物),投降♦e xam schedule考试日程表, term术语,学期(mid-term期中考试), date日期, book,预定department部门,系, invigilator监考人, sign up注册, sheet纸张,单bulletin board公告栏faculty lounge老师休息室, square广场, draft,草稿dean院系主任, review复习,评论, draw up起草, manually用手,手动的, consult商量,请教, register登记♦P hysiology 生理学, sophomore大二学生, junior student大三学生,senior student 大四学生,second year course大二课程, first year student一年级学生, transfer转学, begin my first lecture开始我的第一堂讲课, introduce介绍, approach接近,方法, laws of physics and chemistry物理和化学定理, process of life生命的过程, vital force生命力, philosophical approach哲学方法, scientific experimentation科学实验♦F inal exam期末考试, midterm期中考试, multiple choice question多选题, essay question问答题,论述题comprehensive exam综合题, subject科目, textbook教科书, class note课堂笔记the final will count for 50% of your grade期末成绩将占你总成绩的50%,research project研究科目, run into problems遭遇问题♦S chool bulletin board学校公告栏, required course 必修课,first year student一年级学生, third year student3年级学生, research paper研究论文, final format最终格式, hand in上交, assignment作业, final grade期末成绩♦different concept不同的观念, hand in上交, issue发出,发行,问题revision 修正,复习, proposed topics所推荐的题目make comment作出评论the most frequent problem很多频繁的问题, broad宽的, preliminary outline最初的纲要, schedule时间表, available可利用的, appointment约定, final outline 最终的大纲, no more than two pages long不超过2个页长,thesis statement 论文观点, precise statement明确的观点, conclusion结论♦W orkshop研讨会, intensive加强的, techniques and skills技术和技能, personal attention 个人的注意力, advantage优势♦C onsecutive summer接下来的夏季, community center社区中心, workshop 研讨会, beginning students初学生, advanced students高学生, last four weeks前四个星期, credit(学分,积分)is awarded给予学分, spring break 美国各大学的春季休息,春假♦D iscuss讨论, administer管理, attendance出席, optional class选修课2. 相关事务+专业讨论场景♦C ourse课程, summer session暑假课程, elective n.选修课程, bird course容易的课程, splendor光彩,显赫, lecture hall,演讲厅lab实验室, tough decision艰难的问题, pick选择,挖, choose选择, relaxed放松, advice劝告♦E nquiry询问, credit course学分课程, off-campus在校外, program课程, remote远程, access使用,进入, internet因特网, degree学位distance education远程教育, diploma毕业证书, requirement要求, format格式, printed materials打印材料, audio-tapes磁带, video视频, teleconferencing 电话对话的, deliver投递, cost花费, fixed date固定日期, history历史,历史学♦D rop降低,退(课)fail,不及格flunk不及格math 数学, rough粗糙的, test,试验med school医学院♦U se your advice使用你的建议, premed医学预科生, introductory course介绍课程, non-science major主修科学, be weak in在某一方面是弱项, do poorly in在某些方面较弱, meet at the same time遇见在同一时间, modern drama course现代戏剧课程♦S emester学期, enroll in登记, 注册graduate course研究生课程, qualified 有资格的, hard time keeping up有困难跟上, favorite interest喜欢的兴趣, challenging反对,挑战的,要求, easy grade 容易混学分的课程♦P ermission to register允许注册, take the prerequisite先决条件, the beginning course课程开始, catalog目录, instructor教员,指导书, previous experience以前的经验, formal training正式的培训, decision决定♦S ignature信号,签名, schedule card选课卡, advisor’s approval导师赞同, quite a heavy load相当沉重的负担, drop the course放弃课程, seminar讨论会♦S ign up for a noncredit course报名没有学分的课程, intermediate level中级的水平, regular meeting定期的会议♦T ransfer转学, bachelor’s degree学士学位, associate degree, selectives选择性的, letters of recommendation推荐信♦H ard course艰难的进程rehearsal练习,训练, extra time额外的时间, once a week一星期一次♦F light program飞行计划,license执照, excellent reputation极好的声望3. 迟到旷课场景♦f eel good感觉好, point out指出, chapter章,回textbook课本, divide分开, project课题, focus重点, due到期的show up显示出, transcribe抄写,email电子信函♦o versleep睡过头, talk about谈论关于♦l ecture series讲座系列, attend出席,照顾,致力于, admission允许,录取♦f ill me in something: to tell sb about recent events,esp because they havebeen away from a place♦e g. You’d better fill me in on what’s been happening.dentist牙科医生, emergency紧急情况,非常时刻, missed somebody’s lecture错过某人的演讲, note笔记,记录,注意, make sense能说的通sense of humor/achievement/responsibility幽默感/成就感/责任感4. 转学场景♦g rad school 研究生院,public university公立的大学, private university私人的大学, community college社区学院, reputation名声class size班级大小, personal attention个人注意力, individual attention特别, interact互相影响, group discussion讨论团体, tuition学费,讲授, expense消费,开支, cost 花费, afford提供, affordable负担的起, location位置, environment环境, large city大城市, small town小城镇, college town学院城镇, top student顶尖学生, application申请,应用, experience经历,经验, special特别的,专车,特刊5. 实验室场景♦L aboratory实验室, research procedure研究程序, lab assistant实验室助手, retrieve information恢复信息, track the course追踪进程, monitor班长,监控,监视器, track the progress跟踪进度♦L ab instructor实验室教员, lab experience实验室经验, setup计划,设置,机构, equipment设备, result结果,产生, grade成绩, lab notebook实验室手册, proper precautions预先措施, protective goggles护目镜, toxic effect of chemicals化学品有毒的影响, lab procedure实验室程序, heavy metal重金属♦W orkbook工作手册,练习本, material重要的,材料, experiment尝试, available可利用的,有效的6. 图书馆场景♦L ibrary图书馆, spread out伸展出去, focus焦点, jam拥挤,果酱, spot地点,认出,恰巧, crowd人群,拥挤, comfy舒服的,轻松的,comfirm证实,far away 遥远的♦f inish完成,结束, renew更新,重申,renew a book续借, library card图书馆卡, late最近的,晚的;晚, mixed up使混合, request请求, fine罚款, overdue 过期的, pay工资,付, process处理,过程, sign符号,签名, suspend推迟,使暂停, privilege优待borrowing privilege借书特权(延长借书的时间)♦L ibrarian图书管理员, facilities设备, reference room资料室, reference material参考资料, dictionary字典, bibliography参考书目, literature guide文学指南, telephone book电话本, periodical room期刊室, newspaper报纸, magazine杂志, academic journal学术期刊, current issue现期刊物, back issue过期发行物, card catalog卡片目录, listed by title通过标题列出, by author and by topic依据作家和题目, call number电话号码♦R eturn返回,报答, shelves架子,check out借, reserve book预定书籍, overnight use 只出借一夜(的书)♦s econdhand bookstore二手书的书店, inscription题词,刻印, front cover封面,机壳前盖, signature签名,信号, poetry book诗卷♦p aperback section平装部分, index索引搜索♦e xit gate大门出口reserve预订,储备, additional copy额外的副本, article 物品,文章7. 课堂内容讨论场景♦b ursary大学奖学金,财务办公室, department部门,系, financial aid财政的援助, monetary财政的, grant授予,同意, determine决定, committee委员会, donor捐赠者, apply for申请,请求, financially金融上, in need在需要, consider认为, out-of-town城外的, requirement要求, website网站, on-line 上线, official官方的,官员, document文件, in person亲自,外貌上♦S cholarship学问,奖学金, available可利用的,有效的, maintain维持, average平均的, mark标记, apply for申请,请求, applicant申请人, committee委员会, honor信用,荣誉, award奖品, candidate候选人, weight 重量, guarantee担保, grade point average (GPA)平均分数, percent百分比, website网站, address地址, rigorous严格的, extra-curricular课外, hardship 困苦, achievement成就,完成, letter of recommendation推荐信, fill满足,被充满, time consuming job耗时的工作, recommend推荐, eligibility合格,适任, enrollment入学,注册8. 论文场景♦O rganize组织, essay小论文topic题目, chosen选择,精选的, broad宽的, narrow it down沿着狭窄的, compare比较, focused专心的,聚焦, interested 感兴趣的, begin开始,首先, discussion讨论, opinion意见,主张, fact实际, support支持, check检查, statistics统计学, percentage百分率, include包括, words语言,字, rough draft草稿, break down打断, subtopic小标题, reference 引用,参考,证明, material题目,主题,一般规则♦R esearch paper研究论文, discuss讨论, theory理论,推测, work progress工作进度♦R eport报告, subject科目, catalog目录, published source已发布的资料, gather material收集材料♦I nformation信息, plagiarize抄袭, failing grade失败的成绩, gather收集, assimilate the information thoroughly彻底地吸收信息, paraphrase释义, capture the mian idea获得主意, quote directly直接地应用, finalize the research paper完成研究论文♦D raft草稿, clear up the problem澄清这一问题9. 实地考查场景♦L ist列表, supply供给, on site, kit装备,工具箱, notebook笔记本, axe斧, glove 手套, instrument工具, measure测量,程度,尺寸, clean使干净,打扫, cancel 取消, weather天气,露天的, clothes衣服, outside外部的,在…范围之外, food 食物, snack小吃, transportation运输, transport运输, dig挖♦T rip leader旅行领袖, participate参与,分享,分担, report报告, field trip野外旅行10. 体育运动场景♦S pring cycling season春天骑自行车的时节, regular hobby一般嗜好, physical fitness routine日常健身例行要做的事, bicyclist骑脚踏车的人, expert riders熟练的骑手♦E ndurance test忍耐力测验, recreational cyclists娱乐骑自行车的人, racers比赛者♦S ki patrol滑雪巡逻队, ski patroller滑雪巡逻员, safety安全♦P hysical education class 体育课, rock climbing攀登岩石, rope绳, belt地带, buckle扣住, safety equipment安全设备,游玩场景♦B reak休息,打破,突变, racket球拍, reserve a court预定一个球场♦R ock concert摇滚音乐会, vacation假期,搬出, weather天气,露天的,风化11. 打工场景♦S ummer break暑假, excellent opportunity极好的机会, practice练习, dilemma 困境, difficult decision困难的决定, plan计划, volunteer志愿者, NGO (nongovernmenal organization)民间组织, chance可能性,机会, share分享, interesting有趣的, spend花费, accept同意, program程序, interview面试, company公司, application申请, apply for申请, money钱, advice建议♦T ough艰苦的, stressed有压力的,紧张的, dread可怕的, cram for the exam 临时抱佛脚(为准备考试)part-time兼职, balance平衡, hit the book k书, energy活力, tired疲倦的, sconsolation安慰, get through到达,做完, fondness爱好♦A nnouncement通告, hire租金,工钱,出租, part-time assistant兼职助理, experience经历, daily每日的♦L aboratory assistant研究室助手, fill out an application填一张申请表, fit into my schedule(将某事)安排进我的时间表♦V ariety of job opportunities多样的工作机会, responsible for有责任的, volunteer志愿者, service服务,维修, postions are open空缺的职位, link of service维修环节, career training职业培训, demand physical endurance需要身体的忍耐力, receive no salary没有薪水收到, pay for living expense支付生活开销, housing and food allowance住房和伙食补助, additional information 额外的信息♦I nternship实习, career opportunities事业机会, working experience工作经历, short term experience简短的学期经验, permanent employment永久就业full-time专职的,全日制的, academic credit学分, supervise管理,指导,监督, hand out分发, career advisory service职业咨询服务, living expense生活开销♦R un奔跑,管理,经营, marathon马拉松赛跑, motivator动力, inspire鼓舞, positive积极的, sponsor保证人,赞助, tons of money许多钱,♦I ntroduce介绍, volunteer志愿者, salary薪水, ceremony典礼, alumni男校友12. 报到注册场景♦R egistration注册,登记,挂号, time时间, determine决定, first year student 一年级学生, mail邮件, designated date指定的日期, specific time特定的时间, admission letter 录取信(通知), average平均, previous以前的, session会议,学期,开会, pay支付, credit card信用卡, bank银行,岸, teller讲述者,计票员, confirmation slip确认错误, in person亲自♦R egistration注册, date日期,约会, newly admitted student最近承认的学生, undergraduate大学生, junior晚辈,大三学生, sophomore大二年级生, returning student回归生, senior高级的,年长的, check检查, pay attention专心, time时间,定期的, register注册,记录,登记, designated time指定的时间, pay支付, fee小费, financial aid财政的援助, financial officer财政的公务员, sponsor保证人,赞助, authorization letter认可信, on-line上线13. 校园生活场景♦m eal ticket 饭票,student card 学生卡,cafeteria 自助餐厅,move迁居,移动, accent口音,pod豆荚, international group国际团体, major主要的,成年人,主修, lucky幸运的, excellent极好的, booklet小册子, regulation规则,管理, rule规则,统治, conductive传导的, self-policed自身的治安, problem难题, allow允许, smoke烟, cook煮, plug插头, dryer烘干机, voltage电压, alarm警报, kitchen厨房, leftover残余物, clean-up day打扫日, hot water热水, meter 公尺, washroom洗手间, laundry facility洗熨设备, basement地下室, conserving energy保存能力, lounge area休息室, heat高温,压力, air-conditioning空气调节, storage area仓库, permit允许, hallway门厅, community space社区空间, prior notification优先的告示, safe安全的,保险箱, valuable有价值的, housekeeper管家, vacuum cleaner吸尘器, lock锁, key 钥匙, fire prevention equipment炉火预防设备, arrange安排, in advance预先,提前, religious propaganda宗教的宣传, dorm宿舍, furnishing:an article of furniture for the interior of a building, park公园,停放♦R oommate室友, dormitory宿舍,住宅的, unpacking our things取出用品, neat 优雅的,平滑的,齐整的♦H ousing office住宿办公室, living off campus在校外住宿, cost花费, rent租金,出租,租借, utilities实用工具, need a car to commute用一辆车的交换, noisy 响声,嘈杂的, peace and quiet安静♦W inter break寒假, dean院长,系主任, vacation arrangement假期准备, fill up the forms填满表格, heating cost暖气费,temporary accommodation暂时的住处♦H ousing director住宿主管, checkout procedure借出手续, leave for vacation 动身去度假, return your key归还你的钥匙, maintenance crew 物业, residence advisor宿舍舍监, pass around大约经过♦A partment公寓, dump倾倒,倒垃圾, functional功能的, noisy响声,嘈杂的14. 医院场景♦D iagnose诊断, patient’s illness患者的疾病, painful痛苦的, technological advance先行的技术, blood and tissue sample血液和组织样本, diagnostic techniques诊断的技术, detect diseases发现疾病, X rays X射线, side effect 副作用, uncomfortable不安的, endure pain忍耐疼痛♦M edical clinic and infirmary医院, nursing staff护理人员, get sick生病, a really bad cold重感冒, develop terrible coughs发生很糟糕的咳嗽, pneumonia肺炎, stay in the infirmary呆在医院, don’t feel well身体不好, rest more and skip a few classes休息和翘一些课, have medical excuse 请病假, emergency number紧急号码♦M odern medical facility近代的医学设施, health needs健康需要, dental clinic 牙医诊所, maternity ward产科病房, operating room(外科)手术室, special sugery特殊手术, surgeons外科医生♦S tudent Health Services学生健康检查部门, blood pressure(生理)血压, university nutritionists大学营养学家, processed foods加工食品, universityhospital大学医院♦P ain疼痛, discharge排放, slight earache轻微的耳痛, take it easy放轻松♦P revention阻止, symptoms症状, cough咳嗽, fever发热, chill寒心, flu流感, influenza流行性感冒, overtired累过头的, stressed out压得,累得喘不过气, virus病毒, sneeze打喷嚏,喷嚏, airborne virus靠空气传播的病毒, body’s resistance 身体抵抗力, ward off the flu避开流感, immune system免疫系统, fight off illness击退疾病, immunized免疫的,使免疫, vaccine疫苗,疫苗的, university health center大学健康中心。
TOEFL托福IBT听力场景词汇简洁版
TOEFL IBT听力场景词汇对话场景词汇(Page1-9)●入学:enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议(可指简单的毕业典礼)orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman (大学)一年级学生sophomore (大学)二年级学生junior (大学)三年级学生senior (大学)四年级学生tuition, fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的,一般的below average 低于平均水平的,差的●结构及称谓: university- president 大学,校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任,协调人counselor 辅导员advisor 指导老师instructor 讲师tutor 辅导老师supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生●建筑物:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly n.集合,集会hall computer lab 计算实验室,机房dining hall 食堂选课/学科major 主修minor 副修science理科,arts文科,engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学,教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学●课程类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程●课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程Attend class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲;课程表Professor’s signature 教授的签字(用于注册课程)Course cap课程容量(可以招收的学生数),openings (可供注册的名额)Take选(课), drop 退(课)Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销●职位professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者,顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家作业assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言;演示;展示term paper 学期论文(research paper)thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt. n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source (写论文的)参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲,陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调●考试mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam(拿回家的开卷考试,一般有限定的时间)open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade (mark 、score)分数●成绩perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭,学位,证书考试问题:分析成绩低的原因,给出解决办法●图书馆library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书(只能在图书馆内借阅)library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理(借、还)手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部●科研HypothesisAlternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect data收集数据Survey, questionnaire 调查;问卷调查Experiment实验Interfere, influence干扰;影响Observation 观察Analyze data 分析数据Interpret data 解读数据Analysis 分析Analytical 分析的,分析性的Subject 主体,研究对象Sample 样本Treatment group 实验组Control group 对照组●校内工作,课外活动Letter of reference/recommendation介绍信,推荐信Competitive 有竞争力的Benefit future career 对未来职业有益Field research 田野调查Collect data for papers 收集数据Waiter, waitress,Babysitter 服务生;保姆Qualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CV 个人简历financial aid经济援助Scholarship 奖学金Grant 助学金Teaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础的Merit-based 以优异表现为基础的Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部;社团Membership 成员资格Career service 职业规划服务●住宿accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室,独立套间village 村落(校内一栋一栋的房子,可以用做宿舍)lounge n.公共大厅(可以用做娱乐)home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道,lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.露台sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartment 两室公寓house key 房锁匙pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器,炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机(laundry 洗衣店)utensil 器皿;用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱;烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修,保养●家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子;橱;箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱;储藏柜;陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture (房屋)固定装置furnishings 室内陈设●日常生活/问题:personal possessions/property/belongings 个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.入室盗窃者leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入讲座场景词汇(Page10-31) Geology地质学Slide n. 滑坡Landslide n.山体滑坡Mud泥土, soil土壤Earth n. 土Sink v.下沉Ground water 地下水Irrigation n. 灌溉Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻Melt v.融化moltenGravity n.重心Aggravate v.加重Lean v.倾斜Slope n.斜坡Steep adj.陡峭Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀Fossil n.化石Dinosaur n.恐龙Sediment, deposit 沉淀物Marble 大理石granite 花岗岩Ore 矿石Stalactite 钟乳石Refine v. 提炼Platinum v. 铂金Seismology 地震学Vibration, tremor, 震动Wave 波动Volcano, volcanic 火山,火山的Volcanic eruption 火山喷发Magnitude 级数Collision n.碰撞Active adj.积极的Dormant adj.休眠的Extinct adj. 熄灭的Magma n.岩浆Lava n.岩浆Erupt v.喷发explode v.爆炸(explosion) boom n.爆炸Blast n.爆炸Avalanche n.雪崩地球科学Earth’s interior 地球的内部Seismic waves地震波Compression 压缩Reflect 反射Depth深度Density 密度Boundary边界Mantle地幔Crust地壳Core地心Continental plate 大陆板块Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块Continental drift 大陆漂移Layer, strata 层Stratify 分层Crack 裂缝Molten lava 融化的岩浆Climatic shift=Climatic changes气候变化Consistent pattern 统一的,始终一致的Solar energy太阳能Radiate 发射,放射Crude approximation 大概的猜测Speculation猜测Cooling down冷却Mechanism 机制Length of the dayPhysical force 体力Imaginary line虚拟线Artificial reservoir 人工水库Latitude 纬度Redistribute再分配,再分布Spin 快速旋转Minerals 矿物质Diverse 多样的Specimen,Sample样品Abundant 丰富的Glassy像玻璃的Amazon stones天河石Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽Wipe out 根除,彻底消灭Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰Elevation 海拔,海拔增高Precise measurement精确的测量Global Positioning System全球定位系统Longitude 经度Latitude 维度Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源Gas hydrate气体水合物Trap 困住Flame 火焰Potential 潜在的Model 模式Geological fault地质断层Crack 裂缝seismic gap地震活动空白地带postulate 假设chunk 大块cylinder 圆柱cylindrical 圆柱形的ground tilt measurement地倾斜观测evacuate 撤出sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的accumulate 积累商业Insurance 保险Note 注意Contract合约Verbal agreement口头协议Repay 偿还Interest 利息Merchant 商人Cautious 谨慎的Paramount 极为重要的Manufacture 制造Label 标签Contention 所持观点Inform 告知Cost成本Profit利润loss损失Net净的,gross粗略的Supply and demand供求Supply chain供应链Fluctuation 浮动Recession 衰退Depression 萧条Marketing strategies市场营销策略Survey 调查Surplus 剩余Shipment 运输Distribution 分布Retail 零售Whole sale 批发Franchise特许经营Budget预算哲学Socrates 苏格拉底Plato 柏拉图Aristotle 亚里士多德Theme 主题Logic 逻辑Rhetoric 修辞Fundamental causes 基本原因Principles of the universe 宇宙的原则Perceive 看待,观察Perception 观点Sense 感觉Soul 灵魂spiritElement 组成成分;元素Reasoning 推理Ration理性, rational有理性的Contemplation 沉思,思考Judgment判断Just公正的,justice公正Justify证明, justification 合理的理由Explicit 明确的Ethics道德规范Ethical theory 伦理理论Moral 有道德的Ultimate truth终极真理Universal 普遍的Search for truth 追求真理Vary v.不相同Intrinsic 内部的Extrinsic 外部的Critic 评论家Old-fashioned 过时的Valuable 有价值的Survive 生存,存活Conservative 保守的Liberal 开放的Impractical不实际的Empirical经验主义的Cognitive 认知的Weaken 削弱Diminish (影响力)减小Medieval 中世纪Renaissance 文艺复兴Doctrine教义,主义,学说Idealism 唯心论,理想主义Epistemology n. 认识论Metaphysics形而上学,玄学Reconcile和解,调停天文学astronomy constellation 星座zodiac (星象学的星座)planet 行星sun 恒星Jupiter 木星Pluto 冥王星Saturn 土星Mercury 水星Mars 火星Venus金星Neptune海王星Uranus天王星Ceres 谷神星(the largest asteroid and the first discovered)White dwarf 白矮星Big Dipper 北斗七星Asteroid belt 小行星带Milky Way 银河系Galaxy n.星系orbit v.运行n.轨道rotate v. 转Axis n.轴track n. 轨道outer space外太空gravity n.重力equator n.赤道tropical 热带的brightness n.亮度dimension n.维度distance n. 距离Eclipse (日月食)Wane, diminish v. 逐渐变小Centripetal 向心Centrifugal 离心Nebula 星云(an immense cloud of gas (mainly hydrogen) and dust in interstellar space)Nebulous adj. 星云的Gas 气体(rock, ice, hydrogen, oxygen)Particle 微粒Polar light 极光Astronomical 天文的Astrophysics 天文物理学Black hole 黑洞Celestial天体的Celestial map 天体图Centrifugal force 离心力Chondrite 球粒状陨石Chromosphere太阳的色球层Clockwise 顺时针Cluster 星团,一群星星Comet 彗星Cosmos宇宙,cosmetic宇宙的Cosmology宇宙学Emission 排放物,发射Faint 微弱的Feeble 微弱的Gaseous bodies 气态包Gravitational force 吸引力Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间High resolution 高清晰度Ignite 引燃Illusive object 幻影物体Image 影响,形象Infinite 无限的Infrared ray 红外射线Interferometer 干扰仪Intergalactic 星系间的International date line 国际日期变更线Interplanetary 星球间的Interstellar星际的Leap year 闰年Light year光年(距离单位) Luminosity光亮度Lunar阴历的,月亮的Massive 巨大的Meteor流星Meteor shower 流星雨Meteorite陨石Meteoroid流星体Molten 融化的Naked eye 裸眼Observatory 天文台Photosphere 光球层Planetarium 天文馆Planetoid 小行星Polestar 北极星Pseudoscience 伪科学Quasar类星体Radiation 辐射Revolution 旋转Rotation 旋转Satellite 卫星Sky atlas天体图Solar corona日冕Space debris 太空垃圾Space shuttle 太空飞船Space suit 太空服Spin 快速旋转Star cluster 星群,星团Stellar 星星的Sunspot 太阳黑子Time difference 时差Time zone 时区 表演艺术(舞蹈,电影,音乐etc.)Genre 艺术分类; 流派Performing art 表演艺术modern dance piece现代舞concert 音乐会play话剧; 戏剧opera歌剧film 电影camera 照相机;摄影机camera shot 摄影镜头analytical 分析的parallel 平行的ballet芭蕾舞choreographer 舞蹈编排者;舞蹈指导Fine/visual arts 视觉艺术Abstract art抽象艺术landscape风景photography摄影exposure 曝光develop film 冲洗胶卷negative n. 底片portrait(portray v. )肖像, 人像、still life静物sculpture雕塑statue 人物雕像lifelike 逼真的vividanthem 国歌Critic 评论家Criticism 批评,评论Review n.评论Masterpiece 杰作Have aesthetic value 有美学价值Aesthetic appeal 美学吸引力Feature 特点Characteristics 特点Distinct adj.与众不同的Unique 独一无二的Style 风格Technique 技巧Gallery n.画馆Edition n.专辑Release v. 发行Debut n.首映Impressionist 印象主义者Impressionism 印象派Perspective 透视法Angle 角度Press/Publishing house出版社Acclaim v. 盛赞mirage 海市蜃楼prolific 多产Preserve v. 保存Extinct adj.灭绝的,消失的文学Literature 文学Poetry诗歌biography传记autobiography 自传detective stories 侦探小说drama戏剧novel小说Novelist 小说家collection of short stories短篇小说集Allegory寓言Comparative literature比较文学Diary 日记Editorial 社论,重要评论Fiction 小说Aestheticism 唯美Autobiography 自传Descriptive prose 描述散文Fairy tale 童话Futurism 未来派Legend 传说Literary studies 文学研究Narrative prose 叙述性散文Podium 讲台Prose 散文Realism 现实主义School of literature 文学派别Leading character 主要角色Literary criticism 文学评论Literary studies 文学学习Modernism 现代主义Plot 情节Poetry 诗歌Prologue前言Proverb谚语Surrealism 超现实主义美术Art gallery艺廊Calligraphy书法Imitating模仿Landscape painting风景画Oil painting油画Paste粘贴Crayon 蜡笔,粉笔,颜料Pigmentation/pigment 颜料Canvas 帆布Wax 蜡Spectrum 光谱Perspective透视画法Poster海报Portrait肖像Model模式,模特mural 壁画Panorama全景Pastel drawing蜡笔画Sketch草图Autograph手稿建筑Architecture建筑学Architect建筑师Architectural style建筑风格Art deco 装饰艺术Art moderne Geometric patterns 几何图形Arch 拱门Castle 城堡Cathedral大教堂Framing结构Lobby n. 大厅(entrance hall) Elevator n. 电梯Façade n. 正面Stairs 楼梯Interior 内部的Exterior 外部的Impressionistic style印象派风格Mosque清真寺Pyramid金字塔Revival 复活Renaissance 文艺复兴Medieval中世纪Byzantine architecture 527 (Sofia)-1520 拜占庭式建筑音乐Accompaniment 伴奏Audition 试听,试表演Band music 乐队音乐Chord弦乐,弦Classical music古典音乐Concerto 协奏曲Lullaby 催眠曲Duet 二重奏Harmony 和弦,和谐Rock and roll 摇滚Serenade 小夜曲Solo 独奏Sonata 奏鸣曲Symphony 交响乐Ballad歌谣Folk music 民间音乐Prelude 前奏Epilogue 尾声Score 乐谱Note 音符Notation 乐谱,记号法Chord symbol和弦符号Lyrics 歌词Tempo 节奏Melody 主旋律Rhythm节奏Tune 旋律Conduct 指挥Violin 小提琴Viola 中提琴Cello大提琴Oboe双簧管Clarinet单簧管krummhorn['krʌmhɔ:n]n. 变号(一种古双簧乐器)Harp 竖琴考古anthropologist 人类学家ecological 生态的anthropologist 生态人类学家archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学Ancient civilization 古代文明origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先hominid 人(科)homogeneous 同一种族(种类)的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘Scoop铲子ruins 遗迹,废墟remains 遗迹,遗骸artifact 手工艺品pottery 陶器(potter) Porcelain瓷器fossil 化石relic 遗物,文物Rock painting 岩石画antique 古物,古董antiquity 古代,古老skull 颅骨Cranial颅骨的Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age (青)铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的Exhume 挖掘Paleoanthropology 古人类学Prehistoric史前的Primitive原始的微生物Amino acid 氨基酸Antibody 抗体Bacterium 细菌Biotical agency Calcium钙Carbohydrate 碳水化合物Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Cell细胞Chromosome 染色体Disinfection 消毒Enzymes 酶Fatigue 疲惫Fermentation 发酵Fungus 菌类Gene基因Genetic engineering 基因工程学Glucose 葡萄糖Immunology免疫学Incubation 孵蛋Inflection传染Malaria 疟疾Microbe 微生物Nucleus 细胞核One-celled单细胞的Oxidation氧化Parasitic animal 寄生动物Parasite disease 寄生虫病Parasitology 寄生虫学Pathogen 病菌,病原体Protozoa 原生动物Sanitation 卫生Schistosomiaisis 血吸虫病Starch 淀粉Sterilization 消毒Toxin 毒素Vaccine 疫苗Virus 病毒Yeast 酵母动物living organism 生物bacterium(pl.bacteria) 细菌algae海藻coral珊瑚rodent 啮齿类动物primate 灵长类动物ape 猿chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩gorilla 大猩猩monkey n. 猴子mammal 哺乳类动物dinosaur n.恐龙bat (ecolotion) 蝙蝠(声波定位)snowshoe hare 雪兔子raccoon 浣熊polar bear 北极熊snout (动物的)口鼻部;reptile 爬行类动物snake, cobra眼镜蛇, rattle snake 响尾蛇lizard蜥蜴,snail 蜗牛amphibian adj. 两栖动物crocodile 鳄鱼frog n. 青蛙tadpole 蝌蚪toad 蟾蜍pond 池塘puddle 水坑insect n.昆虫mosquito 蚊子fly 苍蝇cricket 蟋蟀grasshopper 蚱蜢honey bee蜜蜂monarch butterfly 大花蝶egg 卵larvae 幼虫caterpillar 毛虫pupa/ chrysalis 茧termite n. 白蚁marine adj. 海洋的beaver 狸whale 鲸shark 鲨鱼dolphin 海豚penguin 企鹅predator n. 捕食者prey n. 被捕食者aquatic adj.水生的shrimp 虾lobster 龙虾clam 蚌crab 螃蟹bird, humming bird artery 动脉scale 鳞片claw爪, paw爪子horn 角hormone 荷尔蒙intestine 肠hive 蜂巢pollen n. 花粉pollinate v.授粉hibernate 冬眠migrate v. 迁徙communicate v. 交流camouflage 伪装evolve 进化evolution n. 进化endotherm n.温血动物,恒温动物poikilotherm n. 冷血动物beak 鸟喙;鸟嘴enzymes 酶secretion(n.) secrete(v.) 分泌pancreas 胰腺odor 气味(还有aroma fragrance scent smell) gland 腺体chromosome 染色体植物botany植物学botanist 植物学家tundra苔原;冻土地带,冻原fungus(pl. fungi ) 菌类laurel 月桂chestnut tree 栗子树root 根branch 枝stem 茎algae(pl. alga) 海藻organism 有机物birch tree (bark) 桦树crops 谷物corn 玉米maize 玉米chlorophyll 叶绿素amino acids 氨基酸protein 蛋白质nitrogen 氮photosynthetic(adj.) 光合作用的photosynthesis(n.) 光合作用lichen 地衣,苔藓squash 南瓜bean 豆类植物nectar花蜜flower花floral 花的petal 花瓣bloom 开花blossom 花pollen花粉moss 苔藓herbicide 除草剂herb 草本植物herbivorous 食草的classification 分类hierarchy 社会等级; 等级制hazardous 有毒害的Meteorology 气象学meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层Convection 对流Stratosphere 同温层Barometer 气压计current (气)流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿;水分saturate 饱和absorb 吸收dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 凝结; 冷凝crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩; 山体滑坡precipitation (雨、露、雪等)降水Thunder 雷Lightening 闪电breeze 微风Blast 大风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风Cyclone 旋风,飓风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风Monsoon 季风Sandstorm沙尘暴Dust storm沙尘暴tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风Tropical depression热带低气压Wind direction 风向Wind velocity 风速Wind scale 风力funnel 漏斗,漏斗云cumulonimbus 积雨云disaster (calamity, catastrophe) 灾难devastation 破坏submerge 淹没overwhelm v. 淹没drought 干旱Avalanche雪崩; 山体滑坡Balmy 温和的Chilly寒冷的Frigid僵硬的,严格的Heat-wave热浪Tepid adj.微温的环境科学environmental protection 环境保护environmentally-friendly 环保的preserve v.保护,保存pollute 污染v.pollution, 污染n.pollutant 污染物contaminant n.污染物contaminate v.污染ecosystem生态系统ecology n.生态学antiseptic adj.防腐的atmospheric pollution大气污染垃圾: rubbish, garbage, trash, waste, litter 处理: dispose of, burn, bury (landfill),回收: recycle, reuse,Dump 倾倒(垃圾);排放(污水)milk carton牛奶盒,tyre 轮胎aluminum cans铝罐,plastic bags, rubbish bags塑料袋;垃圾袋biodegradable packaging可降解包装, throwaway 可丢弃的disposable 可丢弃的discourage v. 不鼓励none-renewable 不可再生的fossil fuels化石燃料crude oil; oil 原油;石油natural gas 天然气coal 煤petroleum; gas 汽油limited/finite natural resources 有限的自然资源alternative energy替代能源,replace=substitute v.取代wind power, hydropower水电,solar (lunar) power太阳能,nuclear power核能radioactivity n. 辐射性use up, deplete, exhaust v. 用光,耗尽conserve v. 节省,节约,water pollution 水污染air pollution 空气污染soil pollution土壤污染,noise pollution 噪声污染light pollution光污染soil erosion 土壤侵蚀; 水土流失soil pollution土壤污染stain n.污染,污点,玷污stink v.发出臭味tar n.焦油toxic chemical 有毒的化学物品fume n.烟,气味refuse废物sewage污水pesticide n.杀虫剂chemical waste化学废料congest v.使充满poaching非法打猎,盗猎,damage natural habitat破坏自然栖息地, rare breed稀有物种,endangered species濒危物种,extinct adj.灭绝(die out, disappear), animal rights activist动物权益保护者,natural reserve(giant panda大熊猫)自然保护区,protect wild life保护野生动物,preserve v.保护disastrous灾难性的, devastation破坏,have disastrous effect on…对。
新托福听力学术讲座背景词汇
1 地理GEOGRAPHYgeography 地理geographer 地理学家hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线,经线parallel 平行圈,纬线latitude 经度longitude 度elevation 海拔altitude 高度horizon 地平线equator 赤道tropics 热带地区Arctic 北极Antarctic(Antarctica) 南极expedition 探险time zone 时区topography 地形,地形学plain 平原plateau (highland) 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地cavern (cave) 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean ( underground) 地底下coastland 沿海地区island 岛屿continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛当你消沉时,不要寻找任何人,自己去解决。
peninsular 半岛continent 大陆continental shelf 大陆架ranges 山脉valley 峡谷canyon 峡谷channel (strait) 海峡terrestrial 地球的,陆地的terrestrial heat (geothermal) 地热continental drift 大陆漂移学说ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉淀物,沉积物tropical 热带的temperate 温带的frigid 寒带的formation 形成fieldstone 卵石2地质类geology 地质学geologist 地质学家crust 地壳mantle 地幔core 地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust 海洋地壳layer (stratum,复数strata) 地层plate 板块fault 断层fault plane 断层面fault zone 断层带rift (crack; split) 断裂disintegration (decomposition) 分解erosion 腐蚀fossil 化石igneous rock 火成岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩quartz 石英limestone 石灰岩marble 石granite 花岗岩mineral 矿物ore 矿石deposit 矿床platinum 白金,铂silver 银copper 黄铜aluminum 铝tin 锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury 汞,水银sodium 钠gem 宝石diamond 钻石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch ( age, period) 冰川期iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山eruption 火山喷发crater 火山口lava 火山岩浆volcanic 火山的volcanic dust 火山尘earthquake ( quake; tremor;seism) 地震seismic 地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic wave 地震波3天文类astronomy 天文学astronomical 天文的astronomical observatory 天文台astronomer 天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学astrology 占星学pseudoscience 伪科学cosmos(universe) 宇宙cosmology 宇宙学infinite 无限的cosmic 宇宙的cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线celestial 天的celestial body (heavenly body) 天体celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图celestial sphere 天球constellation 星座cluster 星团solar system 太阳系solar radiation 太阳辐射planet 行星planetoid (asteroid) 小行星revolve 旋转,绕转twinkle 闪烁Mercury 水星Venus 金星Earth 地球Mars 火星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星Uranus 天王星Neptune 海王星Pluto 冥王星orbit 轨道spin 旋转satellite 卫星lunar 月球的meteor 流星meteor shower流星雨meteoroid 流星体meteorite 陨石comet 彗星space (outer space) 太空,外层空间spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船space shuttle 航天飞机space telescope空间望远镜astronaut 宇航员star 恒星stellar 恒星的interstellar 恒星间的interplanetary 行星间的asteroid 小行星nebula 星云corona 日冕vacuum 真空infrared ray 红外线radiation 辐射emission 发射,散发4.考古,人类anthropologist 人类学家paleoanthropologist 古人类学家ecological anthropologist 生态人类学家psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家origin 起源originate 起源于ancestor 祖先homogeneous 同一种族(种类)的tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘ruins 遗迹,废墟remains 遗迹,遗骸relic 遗物,文物antique 古物,古董antiquity 古代,古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age (青)铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学5.生态类ECOLOGY 生态学ecologist 生态学家ecosystem 生态系统balance (of nature) 自然界生态平衡fauna 动物群flora 植物群rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effect 温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射ozone layer (ozonosphere) 臭氧层ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution 污染pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气污染water pollution 水污染noise pollution 噪音污染soil pollution 土壤污染pollution-free 无污染pollutant 污染物noxious (toxic) 有毒的fumes (有毒)废气waste 废物solid waste 固体垃圾sewage (wastewater) 污水sewage purification 污水净化sewage disposal 污水处理decibel (噪音)分贝6气象类Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层current (气)流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿;水分saturate 饱和dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation (雨、露、雪等)降水breeze 微风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风hurricane 飓风tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风drought 旱灾7化学类chemistry 化学chemical property 化学特性,化学性质chemical agent 化学试剂chemical reaction 化学反应chemical change 化学变化chemical bond 化学键chemical apparatus 化学器械substance (matter; material) 物质element 元素periodic table 周期表hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧nitrogen 氮helium 氦carbon 碳calcium 钙silicon 硅sulfur 硫iodine 碘compound 化合物hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物derivative 衍生物alchemy 炼金术petroleum (oil) 石油petroleum products 石油产品crude oil 原油refine 提炼,精炼gasoline 汽油methane 甲烷solution 溶液dissolve 溶解solvent 溶剂cohesive 聚合力adhesive 粘合力atom 原子nucleus 原子核electron 电子neutron 中子proton 质子molecule 分子particle 粒子ion 离子particle accelerator 粒子加速器catalysis (复数catalyses)催化作用catalyst 催化剂artificial 人造的synthetic 合成的synthetic fiber 人造纤维polymer 聚合物polymerization 聚合作用plastic 塑料dye 染料cosmetics 化妆品8物理类PHYSICS 物理physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilibrium 平衡motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声,洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性,磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电alternating current (AC) 交流电electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片,集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词)放大amplify (动词)放大amplifier 放大器,扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光(学)的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜,镜片convex 凸透镜concave 凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet 紫外线X rays X射线Gamma rays γ射线infrared rays 红外线microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的9.动物ANIMALDarvinism 达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择class 纲order 目family 科genus 属suborder 亚目species 种invertebrate 无脊椎动物vertebrate 脊椎动物aquatic( life) 水生动物reptile 爬行动物amphibian (amphibious animal) 两栖动物dinosaur 恐龙bird 鸟类extinction 灭绝mammal 哺乳动物primates 灵长目动物insect 昆虫antenna (复数antennae) 触须larva 幼虫,幼体camouflage 伪装pest 害虫worm 虫,蠕虫hibernate 冬眠regeneration 再生domesticate 驯养predator 捕食者prey (动词)捕食scavenger 食腐动物migrate 迁移wing 翅膀,翼bill (鸟)嘴beak (鹰等的)嘴nest 筑巢habitat 栖息地rodent 啮齿动物(如松鼠)primate 灵长动物plankton 浮游生物mollusk 软体动物coelenterate 腔肠动物(如珊瑚)chirp (鸟,虫的叫声)唧唧squeak (老鼠等)吱吱slothful 懒惰的hygiene 卫生sanitation 卫生parasite 寄生虫hordes (昆虫等)群swarms (昆虫等)群flock (鸟,羊等)群community 动物的群落或人的部落herd 兽群bunch (花等)束,捧monogamous 一夫一妻的,一雄一雌的polygamous一夫多妻的,一雄多雌的polyandrous 一妻多夫的,一雌多雄的trapper 诱捕动物者niche 小生态环境vestige 退化器官,遗迹fertilizer 使…受精larvae 幼虫tentacle 触角homotherm 恒温动物poikilotherm 变温动物metabolism 新代谢baboon 狒狒breed (名词)品种,(动词)繁殖multiply (reproduce)繁殖hatch 孵spawn (鱼、虾、蛙等)孵offspring (young) 解剖学anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物microbe 微生物herbivorous 食草的carnivorous 食肉的omnivorous 杂事的10 植物PLANTbotany 植物学botanist 植物学家botanical (botanic) 植物的plant 植物aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root 根canopy 树冠层,顶棚foliage (leaf) 叶leaflet 小叶rosette (叶的)丛生stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk 叶柄shoot嫩芽,抽枝flower 花bud 花蕾petal 花瓣peel(skin) 果皮shell (硬) 果壳husk (干)果壳;(玉米)苞叶trunk 树干branch 树枝bough 大或者粗的树枝twig 小树枝bark 树皮jungle 丛林lawn 草坪meadow 草地,牧场prairie 大草原shrub (bush) 灌木cluster 一簇(灌木)fern 蕨类植物herb 草photosynthesis 光合作用symbiosis 共生wither (shrivel, fade) 凋谢pollen 花粉pollinate 传授花粉pollination 授粉cell 细胞tissue 组织organ 器官system 系统seeds 种子everlasting 永久的orchid 兰花pollinate 授粉crossbreed 杂交shrub 灌木sequoia 红杉root pressure 根压cohesion-tension 凝聚压力bore 腔,肠column 花柱symbiotic 共生的immunity 免疫organism 生物,有机物necrosis 坏死barren 贫瘠futile 无用的carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物(淀粉),糖类glucose 葡萄糖starch 淀粉fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维他命calorie 卡路里(热量单位)malnourished 营养不良的nutrition 营养11教育类EDUCATION 教育educator 教育家higher education 高等教育moral character 道德品质domain 领域faculty 全体教员alumni 校友treasurer 生活委员,财务大臣elective system 选课制度curriculum 课程(总称)discipline 学科,管理learn by rote 死记硬背12音乐MUSICmusical instrument 乐器orchestra 乐队string 弦乐wind 管乐shook rattle 摇拨浪鼓pound drum 击鼓footbeat 点脚,跺脚percussion 震荡,打击乐器note 音符score 乐谱movement 乐章fanatical 狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music 民间音乐pop music 流行音乐classical music 古典音乐Jazz 爵士乐13.农业AGRICULTUREagriculture (farming) 农业agricultural 农业的land (soil) 土壤;土地soil conservation 土壤保护soil erosion 泥土流失silt 粉砂,泥沙clay 黏土,湿土clod 土块agrarian 土地的,农业的pilot (experimental ) 试验性的harrow( rake) 耙,耙土ridge 田埂furrow 犁沟plot (patch)小块地ranch 农场,牧场plantation 种植园orchard 果园nursery 苗圃seedbed 苗床sickle 镰刀spade 铲,锹shovel (平头) 铲pick 稿tractor 拖拉机cultivate (till) 耕作sow(seed) 播种harvest 收割weed 除草irrigate 灌溉manure(fertilizer) 肥料spray 喷洒(农药)insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest 害虫rust 锈病grain (cereal) 谷物,谷粒granary(grain store) 粮仓mill 碾,磨wheat 小麦corn 玉米rice 大米barley 大麦sorghum 高粱oats燕麦rye 黑麦millet 粟,小米vegetable 蔬菜horticulture 园艺学hydroponics 水栽法,营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse, hotbed) 温室cabbage 洋白菜lettuce 生菜mustard 芥菜spinach 菠菜broccoli 花椰菜cucumber 黄瓜eggplant 茄子pepper 辣椒pumpkin 南瓜tomato 西红柿beet 甜菜carrot 萝卜radish 小红萝卜pea 豌豆soybean 大豆celery 芹菜garlic 大蒜leek 韭菜onion 洋葱头potato 土豆peanut 花生sesame 芝麻cotton 棉花husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业pasture 牧场livestock 家畜fowl (poultry) 家禽cattle 牛,家畜buffalo 野牛dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛dairy farm 乳牛场hay (作饲料用)干草haystack 干草堆fodder (feed) 饲料trough 饲料槽barn(shed) 牲口槽stable 厩,马厩cowshed 牛棚pigpen (hog pen, pigsty) 猪圈sheepfold (sheep pen) 羊栏roost (hen house) 鸡舍fish farm 养鱼场aquaculture 水产养殖14. 政治POLITICSconstitution 宪法legislation 立法Democrats 民主党Republicans 党Amendment 修正案Congress 美国国会Senate 参议院House of Representatives 众议院monarchy 君主制anarchism 无政府主义federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal 市的,市政的metropolitan 大都市的centralized 中央集权的ideology 意识形态maneuver 擦略tariff 关税immigrant 移民institutionalize 机构化election 选举vote 投票officeholding 任职veto 否决American Revolution 美国革命/独立战争Independence War 美国独立战争American Civil War 美国战radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的independent 独立的breathtaking 激动人心的military 军事的colonize 拓殖,殖民per capita 人均treason 叛国conspiracy 阴谋imprisonment 监禁release 释放pardon 特赦accusation 谴责,指控welfare 福利patronage 资助,赞助unionization 联合,结合15.学科类Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogics 教育学,教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学16. 教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者,顾问B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) 文学士M.A (degree of Master of Arts) 文学硕士M.S. (Master of Science) 理硕士M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) 医学博士Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) (哲学)博士president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家17.正评价fascinating = fantastic 精彩的thought provoking 发人深思的stimulating 令人兴奋的sense of humor 幽默感负评价boring 无聊的drop off to sleep 睡着了doze off 打瞌睡drowsy 昏昏欲睡的clock watcher 不断看表的人make no sense 毫无意义。
托福听力对话部分背景词汇
很多时候不了解一个国家的文化是很囧的事情,那么比如说在听力中听到了,却只凭自己的感觉和所学的书面知识去理解,这是很片面的。
一起来看一下为同学们整理的托福听力对话部分背景词汇,希望对大家有所帮助。
1.orientation meeting/session [.?:rien'tei??n] 新生情况介绍会Ex: The University has arranged an orientation session.2.professor’s office hour 教授答疑时间Ex: Many freshmen are uncertain or shy about utilizing a professor’s office hours.3.lecture ['lekt??] n. 演讲,讲课Ex: Several hundred people are expected to attend the lecture.4.lecture hall n. 讲堂,讲演厅,报告厅Ex: The lecture hall was jammed when the professor arrived at the very last moment.5.tutorial [tju:'t?:ri?l] n. 个别指导Ex: Small group tutorials are used to discuss problems which come up in lectures.6. deadline ['dedlain] n. 最后期限,截止时间Ex: There's no way I can meet that deadline.7. overdue ['?uv?'dju:] adj. 过期的Ex: I must take these books back to the library - they're overdue.There is a fine if the reserved library books are even one hour overdue.8. schedule ['sked?ul] n. 时间表,计划 v. 安排,计划,Ex: According to the schedule, the first lecture begins at 9.00 amThe test is scheduled to begin in one hour.9. time slot [sl?t] 时间空档Ex: If you have two final exams scheduled at the same time, you will have to move one exam to another time slot10.signature ['signit??] n. 签字,签名Ex: Each child must obtain the signature of his or her parents11.thesis ['θi:sis] n. 毕业论文Ex: a master's/doctoral thesis on the effects of global warming12.dissertation [.dis?'tei??n] n. 论文Ex: He wrote his dissertation on an obscure 16th-century poet.13.course [k?:s] n. 课程Ex: compulsory/required/mandatory course; elective course, optional course;foundation course, introductory course, intermediate level course, advanced course13.elective [i'lektiv] n. 选修科目Ex: She took three electives last term.14. option ['?p??n] n. 选修科目Ex: She is taking French as an option next year14.assignment [?'sainm?nt] n. 功课,任务Ex: I have a lot of reading assignments to complete before the end of term.15.presentation [.prezen'tei??n] n. (国外学生在课堂上所做的)演讲Ex: The speaker gave an interesting presentation on urban transport.16. field work 野外考察实地考察Ex:Offered by most departments for academic credit, field work enables students to examine the way the theories and the practical experiences of a particular discipline interact.17. attendance [?'tend?ns] n. 出勤,上课Ex: Attendance at lectures is compulsory.18.skip/miss classes 缺课,旷课Ex: He skipped chemistry class three times last month19. tuition fees 学费Ex: Many students will not have to pay tuition fees if their financial situation is below a certain level.20. course syllabus ['sil?b?s] 课程大纲Ex: Course syllabus lists the course objectives, required reading assignments, examination dates, and other course requirements such as attendance21. handout ['h?ndaut] n. 讲义Ex: I e-mailed you about getting the handouts from the class I missed the other day.22. semester=term [si'mest?] n. 学期Ex: How many subjects are you studying this semester23. practicum ['pr?ktik?m] n. 实习科目,实习课Ex: A practicum is a college course, often in a specialized field of study, that is designed to give students supervised practical application of a previously or concurrently studied theory.24. placement service 就业办公室Ex: Placement service is a campus office that provides job listings from local or campus employees and assists students in finding full-time jobs after graduation is a/an25.take on a part-time job 找兼职工作Ex: He had taken a part-time job selling all-natural products.26.transfer [tr?ns'f?:] v 转班,转学Ex: I was able to transfer my credits from summer school 27.extension [iks'ten??n] n. 延期Ex: Donald's been given an extension to finish his thesis 28.examination [ig.z?mi'nei??n] n. 考试Ex: The examination results will be announced in September.29.pop quiz 突击考试Ex: We have a history quiz every Monday.30.mid-term exam 期中考试Ex: Alison has a history midterm next week.31.final exam 期末考试Ex: The final exam for this class will be on May 21st. When is your chemistry/French/algebra final?。
最新托福听力场景学科分类词汇大全
新托福IBT听力场景词汇对话场景选课学科major 主修minor 副修science理科, arts文科, engineering 工科Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogies 教育学,教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学类型required、compulsory course 必修课selective/optional course选修课elective course 选修课lecture 讲座seminar 高级研讨性课colloquium n.报告课tutorial 个人辅导课程workshop 专题课程级别Introductory 入门级elementary, fundamental 初级Intermediate, secondary 中级Advanced 高级Prerequisite 先修课程上课:Attend class 上课Miss class 缺课Skip class逃课Syllabus 教学大纲Required textbook 要求的课本Attendance 出勤Grading system 打分体系Class participation 课堂参与杂semester/term 学期quarter小学期course guideline 课程纲要major 主修minor 副修exemption 免修syllabus 教学大纲Professor’s signature 教授的签字(用于注册课程)Course cap课程容量(可以招收的学生数),openings (可供注册的名额)Take选(课), drop 退(课)Late registration晚注册Deregistration 注销教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者,顾问president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家作业、论文assignment 作业homework = coursework = schoolwork = studies 作业lab report 实验报告book report 读书报告project 作业presentation 发言term paper 学期论文(research paper)thesis/essay/dissertation 论文journal 学术期刊social investigation 社会调查survey 调查questionnaire n.调查表, 问卷observation n.观察interview vt.n.采访collect data 收集数据broad (论文等)内容宽泛narrow down (论文等)缩小范围source (写论文的)参考资料critical thinking 评判性思维lack your own ideas缺少自己的想法deadline n.最终期限extension 延期due date/time期限outline n.大纲, 提纲(roadmap) bibliography n书目, 参考书目reference 参考plagiarism n. 抄袭revise v. 修改rewrite v. 重写final draft 完成稿speech n.演讲presentation 演讲,陈述eye contact 目光接触intonation 音调考试mid-term exam 期中考final exams = finals 期末考cumulative final 总结性考试take-home exam(拿回家的开卷考试,一般有限定的时间)open-book exam 开卷考试subjective test 主观性测试objective test 客观性测试pop quiz 抽查式测验blue book 答题本assessment n估价appraisal n.评价, 估价make up for补考,resit, retake重考grade (mark 、score)分数成绩:perfect grade 优异成绩low grade 低分high mark 高分passing grade 及格分failing grade 不及格分full marks 满分straight A's 全Abe all A's and B's 全是A和BB plus B加A minus A减pass the iexam with flying colors 以优异成绩通过考试graduate with honors 以荣誉毕业diploma, degree, certificate 文凭,学位,证书考试问题:分析成绩低的原因,给出解决办法图书馆library图书馆librarian图书管理员publication 出版物periodical 期刊magazine 杂志book catalogue 图书目录classified catalogue 分类目录bibliography 参考书目title index 书目索引alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引circulation desk借书处reserved books 馆藏书(只能在图书馆内借阅)library card 借书证overdue fine 过期罚金periodical reading room 期刊阅览室online journal 在线期刊video tape 录像带back issue 过期杂志current issue 近期杂志archive 档案non-fiction 非小说类文学作品science-fiction 科幻小说copier 复印机check out 办理(借、还)手续renew 续借overdue过期interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称information desk n.服务台delivery/circulation desk借书台shelf n.书架photocopy room复印室return area 还书处students locker 学生存储间reference section 参考书部科研过程HypothesisAlternative hypothesis择一假说Null hypothesis无效假说, 零假说Collect dataSurvey, questionnaireExperimentInterfere, influenceObservationAnalyze dataInterpret dataAnalysisAnalyticalSubjectSampleTreatment groupNon-treatmentControl group校内工作,课外活动及寻找经济援助Letter of reference/recommendation CompetitiveBenefit future careerField researchCollect data for papersWaiter, waitress,BabysitterWork at the libraryQualification资格, qualified 合格的Resume, CVfinancial aid经济援助Scholarship FellowshipTeaching assistantship 助教奖学金Research assistantship 研究奖学金Grant 助学金Loan 贷款Need-based以需求为基础Merit-based 以优秀为基础Student union 学生会Clubs 俱乐部Membership 成员资格Career service入学enrollment 登记, 注册opening ceremony n.开业典礼, 仪式commencement ceremony 毕业典礼convocation n.正式会议(可指简单的毕业典礼)orientation meeting开学说明会staff n.全体职员freshman (大学)一年级学生sophomore (大学)二年级学生junior (大学)三年级学生senior (大学)四年级学生tuition, fee 费用placement test 开学测试excellent 出色的average 平均的,一般的below average 低于平均水平的,差的结构及称谓:university- president 大学,校长chancellor 名誉校长college 学院school 学院dean 院长principal 中学校长professor 教授associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授coordinator 班主任,协调人counselor 辅导员advisor 指导老师instructor 讲师tutor 个人辅导supervisor 管理人undergraduate 本科graduate 研究生建筑物buildings:canteen.餐厅cafeteria.自助餐厅administration building 行政大楼main building主楼wing/annex 配楼teaching building教学楼dormitory n.宿舍auditorium n.会堂, 礼堂=lecture hall assembly n.集合,集会hall computer lab 计算实验室,机房dining hall 食堂住宿宿舍:accommodation n.住处, 膳宿residence hall宿舍suite 套间studio 工作室,独立套间village 村落(校内一栋一栋的房子,可以用做宿舍)lounge n.公共大厅(可以用做娱乐)home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种roommate同屋者,室友corridor n. 走廊,过道,租房lease n.租借, 租约landlord 房东landlady女房东rent租金tenant 房客patio n.阳台,sliding door n.推拉门single room 单人房twin room 双人房two-bedroom apartmenthouse key 房锁匙床上用品:pillow n.枕头bed linen n. 床上用品sheet n. 被单mattress n.床垫blanket n.毯子towel n.手巾, 毛巾quilt n.棉被电器类electric appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器heater, furnace 加热器,炉子heating unit 暖气片air conditioner 空调设备stove 炉子microwave oven 微波炉washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机(laundry 洗衣店)utensil 器皿;用具kitchen utensil 炊具oven 烤箱;烤炉range 煤气灶dishwasher 洗碟机washing machine 洗衣机(hot-water) heater 热水器coffeepot 咖啡壶refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱vacuum cleaner 吸尘器tape player 录音机CD player CD机Laundromat 自动洗衣店maintenance 维修,保养家具类furniture 家具bookshelf 书架bookcase 书柜couch 沙发chest 柜子;橱;箱子dresser (bureau) 梳妆台cabinet (电视机等)机箱;储藏柜;陈列柜cupboard (closet) 碗橱storage wall 壁橱rug 小地毯carpet 地毯curtain 窗帘bathtub 浴缸fixture (房屋)固定装置furnishings 室内陈设日常生活/问题:personalpossessions/property/belongings个人财产get insurance for personal possessions/property/belongsgarbage/rubbish/waste n.垃圾dispose v. 处理gas meter煤气表insect n.昆虫burglar n.夜贼leaking/leakage n. 泄漏lost key丢钥匙break in 闯入【小站托福TPO】iPad版•Practice模式下,可以逐题突破,对照注解、原文及翻译;长按原文单词,可以开启字典查词功能,也可加入生词本,每日反复背诵加强;Test模式下,可高度模拟真实考试,为考试做好充分准备。
托福校园听力背景词汇精选
Academic advisor: 导师Ace:得到A等成绩Admissions office:招生办公室All-nighter:通宵自习Article:论文Assignment:作业Assistant professor: 助理教授Assistantship: 研究生助教奖学金Associate professor:副教授Audit:旁听Bear:难以对付的课程Be behind:迟到;课业负担重Bike:自行车Bike rack:停自行车用的金属架子Blackboard:黑板Book:书本Book bag:书包Bookstore:书店Break:休息Bring up:提高Cafeteria:自助餐馆Call on:指定某人发言Call the roll:点名Campus:校园Campus security:校警Carrel:个人阅读座位Chapter:章Cheat:作弊Cheating:作弊行为Check out:借Class:教室,课程Class discussion:课堂讨论Closed out:被某门课拒绝Coed:男女同校College:学院Commencement:毕业典礼Committee:学术委员会Computer:计算机Computer disk :磁盘Counselor:顾问Course:课程Course request (form):课程申请表Cram:仓促的准备即将到来的考试(临时抱佛脚)Credit:学分Credit hour:学分时Curve:基于正常成绩分布曲线的评分方法Cut class:逃课Dean:院长Dean’s list:优秀生名单Declare:选择专业Degree:学位Department:系Department chair:系主任Diploma: 学位证,毕业文凭Dissertation:(博士学位)论文Distance learning:远程学习Division:(大学的)部(由几个系组成) Doctorate:博士学位Dorm:宿舍Draft:草稿Drop:放弃某个科目Drop out:退学Due:到期的Elective (course):选修课Enroll:(为某课程)注册Essay:论说文Exam:考试Excused absence:请假Expel:开除Extension:延期Faculty member:全体教职员工Fail:不及格Fee:收费Field trip:实地考察旅行Fill-in-the-blank:填空题Final (exam):末期考试Fine:罚款Fraternity:(男生的)同学会Fraternity row:有许多同学会房屋的街道Freshman:大一新生Full-time:全日制的Get behind:落后或迟到Get caught up:补偿(以前落下的课程)G.P.A.:总平均成绩Grade point average:总平均成绩Grades:成绩Graduate school:研究生院Graduate student:研究生Grant:研究基金Group project:要求集体合作完成的任务Hand back:返还(作业)Handout:讲义Head resident:宿舍顾问Health center:健康中心Health insurance:健康保险Hit the books:努力学习Homework:家庭作业Honors:成绩优异的,优等的Housing office:住房部Incomplete:某门课中允许学生下学期达到要求即可的评分Instructor:讲师Interactive television (course):互动式电视教学Interlibrary loan:馆际互借Internship:实习Junior:大三学生Keep grades up:保持较好的总平均成绩Lab:实验室Lab assistant:实验室助理Laboratory:实验室Lab report:实验报告Learning assistance center:学习辅导中心Lecture: 授课,讲座Lecturer:讲师Library:图书馆Library card:借书证Library fine:过期罚款Lost and found:失物招领处Lower-division (course):基础课Major:专业Makeup test:补考Married student housing:已婚学生公寓Mickey Mouse course:很简单的课程Midterm:期中考试Minor:辅修专业Miss (class):缺课Multiple-choice test: 多项选择题Notebook:笔记本Notebook computer:笔记本电脑Notes:笔记Objective test:客观题Off campus:校外的Office:办公室Office hours:答疑时间Online course:网上课程On probation:处于留校察看期On reserve:在图书馆的特定位置保留Open-book test:开卷考试Orientation:向新生介绍学校情况的活动(新生宣讲会)Override:允许不符合要求的学生进入课堂Paper:研究报告Parking garage:车库Parking lot:停车场Parking permit:(在某处)停车许可Paring space:停车位Parking ticket:违章停车罚款单Part-time:兼职的Pass back:返还(试卷或作业)Placement office:就业办公室Plagiarize/ plagiarizing:剽窃Pop quiz:突击考试Post (grade):发表Prerequisite:先修课程Presentation:讲座,演讲,或在课堂上展示Professor:教授Program of study:培养计划Project:(需要运用已学知识的)作业Quarter:为期10-12周的学期Quiz:小测试Registrar:注册主任Registration:注册Report:实验或研究报告Research:研究Research assistant:研究助理Research paper:研究报告Resident advisor:宿舍顾问Review session:复习课Room and board:食宿费Roommate: 室友Schedule:课程表Scholarship :奖学金Section:同一门课的不同选择Semester:为期15-18周的学期Senior:大四学生Short-essay test:论述题测试Shuttle:校车Sign up (for a class):报名Skip class:旷课Snack bar:快餐店Social security number:(九位数)的社会保险号Sophomore:大二学生Sorority:女生联谊会Spring break:成绩学期间的短假期Stacks:(图书馆)阅览区Student:学生Student I.D. number:作为身份证据的学号,一般就是社会保险号Student services:学生服务中心(负责学习以外的事物)Student union:学生会Studies:研究,调查Study:学习Study date:以学习为节目的约会Study lounge:宿舍中供学习之用的地方(学习休息室?)Subject:科目Summer school:夏季学期T.A.:助教Teaching assistant:助教Tenure:终身职务Term:学期Test:测试Textbook:课本Thesis:毕业论文Transcript:成绩单Transfer:转校,转系Tuition:学费Tuition hike:学费增长Turn in:提交作业Tutor:家庭教师Tutoring:家庭辅导Undergrad:本科生Undergraduate (student):本科生Upper-division (course):(三、四年级学生上的)专业课程Withdraw:退学Work-study:勤工俭学Xerox (machine):复印机。
托福听力讲座英语词汇
托福听力讲座英语词汇托福听力讲座英语词汇新托福听力是一般是两个部分,每个部分由一段对话和两个讲座,讲座涉及很多学术词汇。
为了帮助大家,店铺分享了一些托福听力词汇,欢迎阅读!cosmos(universe) [ˈkɒzmɒs]宇宙Infinite [ˈɪnfɪnɪt] 无限的Cosmic [‘kɔzmik] adj.宇宙的Cosmic radiation [ˌreɪdɪˈeɪʃən] 宇宙辐射Space [speis] n.太空Space debris [ˈdeɪbrɪˈdɛbrɪ] 太空垃圾Celestial body (heavenly body) 天体Solar system [ˈsəulə] [ˈsistəm] n.太阳系Constellation [ˌkɔnstəˈleiʃən] n.星座Galaxy (MilkyWay) [ˈgæləksɪ] n.星系Intergalactic [ˌɪntəgəˈlæktɪk] adj.星系间的Cluster [ˈklʌstə] n.星团Nebula [ˈnɛbjʊlə] n.星云Star [stɑ:] n.恒星Stellar [ˈstɛlə] adj.恒星的Interstellar [ˌɪntəˈstɛlə] adj.恒星间的.Interstellar matter [‘intə(:)’stelə-'mætə] n.恒星间物质Dwarf (dwarfstar) [dwɔːf] 矮星Black hole 黑洞Vocalization [,vəukəlaizʃən,-li'z-] n.发声Echolocation [ˌekəuləu'keiʃən] n.回声定位Acoustic [əˈku:stik]a.声学,听觉的Ground clutter [graund][ˈklʌtə] n.地面杂乱回波Acoustic spectrum [əˈku:stik] [ˈspektrəm] n.声谱High frequency sounds [hai] [ˈfri:kwənsi] [saundz] n.频率Sound waves [saund][ˈweivz]n.声波率Infrasound ['infrəsaund] n.次声Ultrasonic pulse [ðə,ði:] [ˌʌltrə'sɔnik][pʌlsiz] n.脉冲Ultrasound ['ʌltrəsaund]n.超声波.Vision [ˈviʒən]n.视力Reflection [riˈflekʃən]n.反射philosophy [fi'lɔsəfi,fə-]n. 哲学;哲理;人生观Aristotle’s ethical theory [ˈæristɔtlz] [ˈeθikəl] [ˈθiəri]n. 伦理学Ancient Greek philosopher [ˈein ʃə nt] [gri:k] [fiˈl ɔ səfə]n.古希腊哲学家 Socrates[ˈsɔkrəti:z]苏格拉底;Plato [ˈpleitəu]柏拉图;Aristotle [ˈæristɔtl]亚里士多德ideology [ˌaɪdɪˈɒlədʒɪ]意识形态intellect ['intəlekt]n. 智力,理解力;知识分子;思维逻辑领悟力;智力高的happiness [ˈhæpinis]n.幸福fame [feim]n. 名声,名望external [ik'stə:nəl]adj. 外部的;表面的optimism ['ɔptimizəm] n. 乐观;乐观主义。
托福听力背景词汇总结
托福听力背景词汇总结participation 出勤lecture 老师的讲课tutorial 助教的辅导TA(Teaching Assistant) 助教office hour 教授与学生面谈的时间coordinator 课程协调人/班主任(2) 生活篇campus 校园common room (英)师生公用的休息室canteen 餐厅dining hall 食堂cafeteria 自助小餐厅accommodation 住宿dorm/dormitory 宿舍dormmate/roommate/flatmate/housemate 合租一间宿舍/公寓/房屋的人 parking lot 停车场parking regulations 停车规定shopping mall 购物中心teaching building 教学楼/教室楼lecture theatre 大教室/阶梯教室administrating office/admin office 行政办公室laboratory/lab 实验室student union 学生会society 学生社团club 学生俱乐部student account 银行中的学生帐户current account 现金帐户chequebook/checkbook 支票本withdraw cash 取钱deposit money in a bank 存钱(3) 课题研究篇research 研究deadline 最后期限poll (民意)调查survey 调查hypothesis 假设statistics 统计statistically valid 统计学上有效的data/datum 数据investigation 调查quantitative 数量的/定量的significant difference 显著的差异interview 访谈respondents/interviewee 答复调查问题者/被访谈的人 questionnaire 调查问卷multiple choice questions 选择题analyze/analyse data 分析数据results 结果conclusion 结论interpretation 解释/阐释opinion 观点(4) 课程篇mathematic,literature,history,psychology,physics,philosophy,anthropologyArts(Humanities/Social)Science/Science(5) R LAB 计算机篇lab rulesprintercopierfax machinemodermMacintoshnetwork, access to the net(6) 图书馆篇due, overdue and pay a fine, renew,information desk stacks(书库) open/closed shelves,library cardcall slip(索书单)catalogue(under titles/authors/subjects),periodical(magazines and journals), reference books,current/ back issues,librarian and reader·小编推荐·三、指路、指示方向be far from 距离某处很远be nearby 距离某处很近go straight across/to/through 径直走过/向/过cross (over) 穿过(某条街道)be next to 紧邻turn left/right 左转/右转go up/down 向上(北)/向下(南)go back/back/back up 向回走go east/west/south/north 向东/南/西/北go on/along…till you meet…沿…一直走,直到…be on sb’s left/right 在某人的左边/右边be the first/second/third from the left/right 从左/右数第一/二/三个directly opposite 和…相对be located behind/in front of 坐落在…的前面/后面be on the corner of A street and B street 在A和B街交汇的拐角处 be in the corner of 在…的角落里ground floor (英)首层wing 配楼/建筑的一局部annex 配楼/建筑的附属建筑basement 地下室/第一层step 台阶wheel chair access 无台阶的/残疾人用aisle 过道intersection/crossroad 十字路口a fork on the road 分叉路口a T road 丁字路口intersection/crossroads/junction/clover-leaf 立交桥四、旅游出行travel agency 旅行社flight number 航班号take off 起飞land 降落check in 办理登机手续motel 汽车旅馆hostel 青年旅社book the ticket 订票passport 护照visa 签证credit card 信用卡driving license/licence 驾照expire v.驾照、护照等过期platform 站台museum 博物馆souvenir 纪念品art gallery 画廊hiking 徒步旅行hitch-hike 搭便车旅行surfing 冲浪skiing 滑雪bag-packer 肩背大包进行自助旅行的人。
托福听力LECTURE学术词汇
Lecture vocabulary Anthropology人类学Anthropologist人类学家Barbarism野蛮状态Burial埋葬Celebrate庆祝Ceremony仪式CharityCivilizationConscienceCourteousDemographyDescendentDignityDivineEraEthnicEthnographyHereditaryHierarchyHumaneMagnificent MajesticMercyMoral Obedient PictographRiteRitual Sedentary SincereSolemn SplendidStatusSublime Subsistence UprisingVirtueWeaveWorship慈善团体文明良心有礼貌的人口统计学后代尊严神的,神圣的时代,年代种族的,部落的人种论世袭的,遗传的等级制度仁慈的,人道的壮丽的,宏伟的威严的宽容,怜悯道德的顺从的,服从的象形文字仪式,典礼(宗教)仪式作着的,(人群)固定不迁移的真心实意的庄重的,隆重的壮丽的,辉煌的状况,身份超群的,令人赞叹的生计,生存起义,暴动美德,优点,长处编,织崇拜,崇敬Archaeology考古学Aborigine土著居民Animism万物有灵论,泛灵论Artifact人工制品,手工艺品Conservation保存,保护Corpse尸体Date确定(或推定)。
的年代Excavate挖出,发掘ExtinctFlourishHominoidInciseMedievalMuralPrehistoric Preserve Primeval Primitive Provenience Radiocarbon dating RelicRuinsSpecimen Architecture AbbeyAntiqueArchAisle Asymmetrical AtriumBlueprint CanopyCellarColumnCryptDomeEdificeEngravingFrameLandlord灭绝的,绝种的繁荣,兴旺人科的动物,类人动物雕中古时期的,中世纪的壁画史前的保护,维持的原始的原始的,上古的起源地,出处放射性碳年代测定遗迹,遗物(复数)废墟标本建筑学大修道院,古董,古董的拱顶,拱形物过道,通道不匀称的,不对称的(高楼大厦的)中庭,天井蓝图,计划华盖地下储藏室,地窖柱,圆柱教堂地下室圆屋顶建筑(尤指宏伟的建筑)雕刻工作框架,构架房东Marble大理石Monument纪念碑Mosaic马赛克Occupancy占有,占用Pagoda塔Patio露台,平台Picturesque生动的,风景如画的Pillar柱子,房柱Property财产,房地产Pyramid Renovation Residence SanctuarySpaciousSpatial Specification Sublime SymmetricalTenantUrbanVaultZoningArtAbstractAbstract Expressionism AdornArrayArtisticAspectAuthenticBeadCarveCastCharacter Conspicuous CounterfeitCraftCubismDuplicateEmbedEminent金字塔修复,装修居住,住宅圣所,庇护所宽敞的空间的,关于空间的规格(说明),明细规范超群的,令人赞叹的对称的,匀称的房客城市的分区制,分区布局艺术抽象的抽象表现主义装饰排列,陈列艺术的神态,面貌真实的,可靠地水珠,珠子雕刻铸造特征,性格显眼的,显著地防止,伪造,工艺,手艺立体派(20世纪的一种艺术流派)复制把。
托福对话讲座场景词汇
目录场景一:托福听力对话场景 (3)对话一:办公时间 (3)论文场景 (3)选课场景 (3)学术场景 (4)对话二:服务咨询 (5)兼职实习场景 (5)组织活动场景 (5)咨询管理场景 (6)图书馆场景 (7)广播室场景 (8)宿舍场景 (8)场景二:托福听力讲座场景 (9)讲座一:社会科学 (9)历史学 (9)经济学 (10)技术类 (10)心理学 (11)讲座二:生命科学 (12)微生物 (12)动物 (12)植物 (13)生物组织 (13)讲座三:自然科学 (13)考古 (13)天文学 (14)地质学 (14)物理 (15)环境科学 (15)讲座四:艺术 (16)艺术形式 (16)艺术理论&艺术家 (16)文学 (16)建筑 (17)场景一:托福听力对话场景对话一:办公时间论文场景场景特点:学生和教授讨论论文相关事项常见套路:(1)学生要延期提交论文或者答辩时间(2)教授让学生重写论文(3)教授就论文指出修改意见,教授给出指导方向(4)教授提供论文所需资料或者讲解某个内容场景词汇:organize;essay;topic;chosen;broad;narrow it down(缩小);rough draft(草稿);outline;break down;subtopic;office hour;reference;material;Research paper;discuss;topic;recommend;theory;work progress(工程进度)Information;plagiarize(剽窃,抄袭);failing grade(不及格);paraphrase;capture the main idea(捕获主要想法);quote directly(直接引用);draft;pass it out in our classes;clear up(解决)the problem;term paper学期论文;thesis statement论文陈述;selecting topic选择性题目;wander off topic跑题;research data 调查数据;research project调查项目;preliminary outline初步提纲;final outline最终提纲;first draft初稿;draft version草拟版本;look over a draft version检查草拟版本;final copy最后打印版;final format最终格式;design plan设计方案;draw up得出结论;reference section 参考部分;fixed date固定日期;submission提交选课场景场景特点:学生选课、改课或者是转专业常见套路:(1)已经选择其他课,想要再选一门(2)选不上该门课程(3)学生转专业,面临再次选课(4)学生建议学校增设某课程(5)课程晦涩难懂,学生想要放弃场景词汇:course;semester;summer session(暑期辅导,暑期班);elective;bird course;splendor;lecture hall(大讲堂,演讲厅);lab;tough decision(艰难的决定);pick;choose;grade;diploma (证书);requirement;format;print materials;audio-tapes;video;teleconferencing;deliver;cost;fixed date(指定日期,固定日期);use your advice;do premed;introductory course;non-science major;be weak in;do poorly in;meet at the same time;modern drama course;qualified(能胜任);hard time keep up;favorite interest;challenging;easy grade;permissionto register;take the prerequisite;the beginning course;catalog;instructor;previousexperience;formal training;decision;signature;schedule card;advisor’s approval;quite a heavy load;drop the course;seminar;sign up for a noncredit course;intermediate level(中级);grade;regular meeting;transfer(转学,调任);bachelor’s degree;associate;selective;letters of recommendation(推荐信)学术场景场景特点:学生报告、论文或者作业需要教授指导;搜集材料;或者是就课堂问题讨论常见套路:(1)课堂问题1老师课堂讲解没明白,追问探讨2课堂讲解理论亲自试验,教授给出建议3学生作业中出现的问题点,给出建议4学生参加某个活动后,教授给出相关指导(2)学术研究1向老师搜集报告所需资料2针对自己研究的课题,教授给出指导意见3实验室课题研究场景词汇:discussion;presentation;topic;lecture;good choice;slide(幻灯片);library;collection;check;librarian;office hour;submit(提交);on disk;hard copy(复印件);soft copy;computer;print;computer lab;cover;re-write;research data;information;input;presentation;complete;term paper(学期报告);grade;complicated;edited version(剪接的版本);overtired(劳累过度);stressed;rushing against the clock(分秒必争);mark;draft(草稿);final paper;maintaining average;application;drop;extension;;check back(查阅记录,核对);re-reading;submission(提交物);exam schedule;invigilator(监考人);sign up(注册);sheet;bulletin board(布告牌);faculty lounge(教师休息室);dean(院长,系主任);review;draw up(起草);manually(手动地);consult(请教,查阅);register;workshop(研讨会,讲习班);intensive(加强);techniques and skills;personal attention;register;advantage;lab instructor (辅导员);lab experience;setup;equipment;result;grade;lab notebook;proper precautions;protective goggles(防护镜);toxic effect of chemicals;lab;procedure;heavy metal;available 对话二:服务咨询兼职实习场景场景特点:一类是学生和教授之间的工作交流;一类是学生找工作的场景。
托福听力LECTURE学术词汇-
Lecture vocabulary Anthropology 人类学Anthropologist 人类学家Barbarism 野蛮状态Burial 埋葬Celebrate 庆祝Ceremony 仪式Charity 慈善团体Civilization 文明Conscience 良心Courteous 有礼貌的Demography 人口统计学Descendent 后代Dignity 尊严Divine 神的,神圣的Era 时代,年代Ethnic 种族的,部落的Ethnography 人种论Hereditary 世袭的,遗传的Hierarchy 等级制度Humane 仁慈的,人道的Magnificent 壮丽的,宏伟的Majestic 威严的Mercy 宽容,怜悯Moral 道德的Obedient 顺从的,服从的Pictograph 象形文字Rite 仪式,典礼Ritual (宗教仪式Sedentary 作着的,(人群固定不迁移的Sincere 真心实意的Solemn 庄重的,隆重的Splendid 壮丽的,辉煌的Status 状况,身份Sublime 超群的,令人赞叹的Subsistence 生计,生存Uprising 起义,暴动Virtue 美德,优点,长处Weave 编,织Worship 崇拜,崇敬Archaeology 考古学Aborigine 土著居民Animism 万物有灵论,泛灵论Artifact 人工制品,手工艺品Conservation 保存,保护Corpse 尸体Date 确定(或推定。
的年代Excavate 挖出,发掘Extinct 灭绝的,绝种的Flourish 繁荣,兴旺Hominoid 人科的动物,类人动物Incise 雕Medieval 中古时期的,中世纪的Mural 壁画Prehistoric 史前的Preserve 保护,维持的Primeval 原始的Primitive 原始的,上古的Provenience 起源地,出处Radiocarbon dating 放射性碳年代测定Relic 遗迹,遗物Ruins (复数废墟Specimen 标本Architecture 建筑学Abbey 大修道院,Antique 古董,古董的Arch 拱顶,拱形物Aisle 过道,通道Asymmetrical 不匀称的,不对称的Atrium (高楼大厦的中庭,天井Blueprint 蓝图,计划Canopy 华盖Cellar 地下储藏室,地窖Column 柱,圆柱Crypt 教堂地下室Dome 圆屋顶Edifice 建筑(尤指宏伟的建筑 Engraving 雕刻工作Frame 框架,构架Landlord 房东Marble 大理石Monument 纪念碑Mosaic 马赛克Occupancy 占有,占用Pagoda 塔Patio 露台,平台Picturesque 生动的,风景如画的Pillar 柱子,房柱Property 财产,房地产Pyramid 金字塔Renovation 修复,装修Residence 居住,住宅Sanctuary 圣所,庇护所Spacious 宽敞的Spatial 空间的,关于空间的Specification 规格(说明,明细规范Sublime 超群的,令人赞叹的Symmetrical 对称的,匀称的Tenant 房客Urban 城市的Vault (教堂的拱顶Zoning 分区制,分区布局Art 艺术Abstract 抽象的Abstract Expressionism 抽象表现主义Adorn 装饰Array 排列,陈列Artistic 艺术的Aspect 神态,面貌Authentic 真实的,可靠地Bead 水珠,珠子Carve 雕刻Cast 铸造Character 特征,性格Conspicuous 显眼的,显著地Counterfeit 防止,伪造,Craft 工艺,手艺Cubism 立体派(20世纪的一种艺术流派 Duplicate 复制Embed 把。
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11 地理 GEOGRAPHYgeography 地理geographer 地理学家hemisphere 半球meridian 子午线,经线parallel 平行圈,纬线latitude 经度longitude 度elevation 海拔altitude 高度horizon 地平线equator 赤道tropics 热带地区Arctic 北极Antarctic(Antarctica) 南极expedition 探险time zone 时区topography 地形,地形学plain 平原plateau (highland) 高地lowland 低地basin 盆地cavern (cave) 洞穴terrain 地域subterranean ( underground) 地底下coastland 沿海地区island 岛屿continental island 大陆岛volcanic island 火山岛coral island 珊瑚岛 当你消沉时,不要寻找任何人,自己去解决。
peninsular 半岛continent 大陆continental shelf 大陆架ranges 山脉valley 峡谷canyon 峡谷channel (strait) 海峡terrestrial 地球的,陆地的terrestrial heat (geothermal) 地热continental drift 大陆漂移学说ocean bottom 海床sediment 沉淀物,沉积物tropical 热带的2temperate 温带的frigid 寒带的formation 形成fieldstone 卵石2地质类geology 地质学geologist 地质学家crust 地壳mantle 地幔core 地核continental crust 大陆地壳oceanic crust 海洋地壳layer (stratum,复数strata) 地层plate 板块fault 断层fault plane 断层面fault zone 断层带rift (crack; split) 断裂disintegration (decomposition) 分解 erosion 腐蚀fossil 化石igneous rock 火成岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩metamorphic rock 变质岩quartz 石英limestone 石灰岩marble 大理石granite 花岗岩mineral 矿物ore 矿石deposit 矿床platinum 白金,铂silver 银copper 黄铜aluminum 铝tin 锡lead 铅zinc 锌nickel 镍mercury 汞,水银sodium 钠gem 宝石3diamond 钻石glacier 冰川glacial 冰川的glacial epoch ( age, period) 冰川期 iceberg 冰山volcano 火山active volcano 活火山extinct volcano 死火山dormant volcano 休眠火山eruption 火山喷发crater 火山口lava 火山岩浆volcanic 火山的volcanic dust 火山尘earthquake ( quake; tremor;seism) 地震seismic 地震的seismology 地震学magnitude 震级seismic wave 地震波3天文类astronomy 天文学astronomical 天文的astronomical observatory 天文台astronomer 天文学家astrophysics 天文物理学astrology 占星学pseudoscience 伪科学cosmos(universe) 宇宙cosmology 宇宙学infinite 无限的cosmic 宇宙的cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射cosmic rays 宇宙射线celestial 天的celestial body (heavenly body) 天体 celestial map (sky atlas) 天体图celestial sphere 天球constellation 星座cluster 星团solar system 太阳系solar radiation 太阳辐射planet 行星4planetoid (asteroid) 小行星revolve 旋转,绕转 twinkle 闪烁Mercury 水星Venus 金星Earth 地球Mars 火星Jupiter 木星Saturn 土星Uranus 天王星Neptune 海王星Pluto 冥王星orbit 轨道spin 旋转satellite 卫星lunar 月球的meteor 流星meteor shower 流星雨meteoroid 流星体meteorite 陨石comet 彗星space (outer space) 太空,外层空间 spacecraft (spaceship) 宇宙飞船space shuttle 航天飞机space telescope 空间望远镜astronaut 宇航员star 恒星stellar 恒星的interstellar 恒星间的interplanetary 行星间的asteroid 小行星nebula 星云corona 日冕vacuum 真空infrared ray 红外线radiation 辐射emission 发射,散发4.考古,人类anthropologist 人类学家paleoanthropologist 古人类学家ecological anthropologist 生态人类学家 psychological anthropologist 心理人类学家 origin 起源5originate 起源于ancestor 祖先homogeneous 同一种族(种类)的 tribe 部落clan 氏族archeologist 考古学家excavation 挖掘excavate (unearth) 挖掘ruins 遗迹,废墟remains 遗迹,遗骸relic 遗物,文物antique 古物,古董antiquity 古代,古老Stone Age 石器时代Bronze Age (青)铜器时代Iron Age 铁器时代Paleolithic 旧石器时代的Mesolithic 中石器时代的Neolithic 新石器时代的archaeology 考古学anthropology 人类学morphology 形态学5.生态类ECOLOGY 生态学ecologist 生态学家ecosystem 生态系统 balance (of nature) 自然界生态平衡 fauna 动物群flora 植物群rain forest 雨林food chain 食物链acid rain 酸雨greenhouse effect 温室效应infrared radiation 红外线辐射ozone layer (ozonosphere) 臭氧层 ultraviolet radiation 紫外辐射pollution 污染pollution control 污染控制air pollution 空气污染water pollution 水污染noise pollution 噪音污染soil pollution 土壤污染pollution-free 无污染6pollutant 污染物noxious (toxic) 有毒的fumes (有毒)废气waste 废物solid waste 固体垃圾sewage (wastewater) 污水sewage purification 污水净化sewage disposal 污水处理decibel (噪音)分贝6气象类Meteorology 气象meteorology 气象meteorologist 气象学家forecast (predict) 预报climate 气候atmosphere 大气层troposphere 对流层current (气)流vapor 蒸汽evaporate 蒸发damp (wet; moist; humid) 潮湿的 humidity 湿度moisture 潮湿;水分saturate 饱和dew 露frost 霜fog (mist) 雾smog 烟雾droplet 小水珠condense 浓缩crystal 水晶体downpour (torrential rain) 大雨 tempest (storm) 暴风雨drizzle 细雨shower 阵雨hail 冰雹blizzard (snowstorm) 暴风雪avalanche (snowslide) 雪崩precipitation (雨、露、雪等)降水 breeze 微风gale 大风whirlwind 旋风typhoon 台风7hurricane 飓风tornado (twister, cyclone) 龙卷风 drought 旱灾7化学类chemistry 化学chemical property 化学特性,化学性质 chemical agent 化学试剂chemical reaction 化学反应chemical change 化学变化chemical bond 化学键chemical apparatus 化学器械substance (matter; material) 物质 element 元素periodic table 周期表hydrogen 氢oxygen 氧nitrogen 氮helium 氦carbon 碳calcium 钙silicon 硅sulfur 硫iodine 碘compound 化合物hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物derivative 衍生物alchemy 炼金术petroleum (oil) 石油petroleum products 石油产品crude oil 原油refine 提炼,精炼gasoline 汽油methane 甲烷solution 溶液dissolve 溶解solvent 溶剂cohesive 聚合力adhesive 粘合力atom 原子nucleus 原子核electron 电子neutron 中子8proton 质子molecule 分子particle 粒子ion 离子particle accelerator 粒子加速器catalysis (复数catalyses ) 催化作用 catalyst 催化剂artificial 人造的synthetic 合成的synthetic fiber 人造纤维polymer 聚合物polymerization 聚合作用plastic 塑料dye 染料cosmetics 化妆品8物理类PHYSICS 物理physics 物理mechanics 力学thermodynamics 热力学acoustics 声学electromagnetism 电磁学optics 光学dynamics 动力学force 力velocity 速度acceleration 加速度equilibrium 平衡motion 运动inertia 惯性gravitation 引力relativity 相对gravity 地心引力vibration 震动frequency 频率wavelength 波长pitch 音高intensity 强度echo 回声resonance 回声,洪亮sonar 声纳ultrasonics 超声学9electricity 电static electricity 静电magnetism 磁性,磁力magnet 磁体electromagnet 电磁magnetic field 磁场electric current 电流direct current (DC) 直流电alternating current (AC) 交流电 electric circuit 电路electric charge 电荷electric voltage 电压electric shock 触电electric appliance 电器conductor 导体insulator 绝缘体semiconductor 半导体battery (cell) 电池dry battery 干电池storage battery 蓄电池electronics 电子学electronic 电子的electronic component (part) 电子零件 integrated circuit 集成电路chip 集成电器片,集成块electron tube 电子管vacuum tube 真空管transistor 晶体管amplification (名词)放大amplify (动词)放大amplifier 放大器,扬声器oscillation 震荡optical 光(学)的optical fiber 光学纤维lens 透镜,镜片convex 凸透镜concave 凹透镜microscope 显微镜telescope 望远镜magnifier 放大镜spectrum 光谱ultraviolet 紫外线X rays X 射线Gamma rays γ射线10 infrared rays 红外线microwaves 微波dispersion 色散transparent 透明translucent 半透明opaque 不透明的9.动物ANIMALDarvinism 达尔文学说natural selection 自然选择 class 纲order 目family 科genus 属suborder 亚目species 种invertebrate 无脊椎动物 vertebrate 脊椎动物aquatic( life) 水生动物 reptile 爬行动物amphibian (amphibious animal) 两栖动物dinosaur 恐龙bird 鸟类extinction 灭绝mammal 哺乳动物primates 灵长目动物 insect 昆虫antenna (复数 antennae) 触须 larva 幼虫,幼体camouflage 伪装pest 害虫worm 虫,蠕虫hibernate 冬眠regeneration 再生domesticate 驯养predator 捕食者prey (动词)捕食scavenger 食腐动物migrate 迁移wing 翅膀,翼bill (鸟)嘴beak (鹰等的)嘴nest 筑巢11habitat 栖息地rodent 啮齿动物(如松鼠)primate 灵长动物plankton 浮游生物mollusk 软体动物coelenterate 腔肠动物(如珊瑚)chirp (鸟,虫的叫声)唧唧squeak (老鼠等)吱吱slothful 懒惰的hygiene 卫生sanitation 卫生parasite 寄生虫hordes (昆虫等)群swarms (昆虫等)群flock (鸟,羊等)群community 动物的群落或人的部落herd 兽群bunch (花等)束,捧monogamous 一夫一妻的,一雄一雌的polygamous 一夫多妻的,一雄多雌的polyandrous 一妻多夫的,一雌多雄的trapper 诱捕动物者niche 小生态环境vestige 退化器官,遗迹fertilizer 使…受精larvae 幼虫tentacle 触角homotherm 恒温动物poikilotherm 变温动物metabolism 新陈代谢baboon 狒狒breed (名词)品种,(动词)繁殖multiply (reproduce )繁殖hatch 孵spawn (鱼、虾、蛙等)孵offspring (young) 解剖学anatomy 解剖学appetite 食欲creature 生物microbe 微生物herbivorous 食草的carnivorous 食肉的omnivorous 杂事的1210 植物PLANTbotanist 植物学家botanical (botanic) 植物的plant 植物aquatic plant 水生植物parasite plant 寄生植物root 根canopy 树冠层,顶棚foliage (leaf) 叶leaflet 小叶rosette (叶的)丛生stem 茎stalk 杆leafstalk 叶柄shoot 嫩芽,抽枝flower 花bud 花蕾petal 花瓣peel(skin) 果皮shell (硬) 果壳husk (干)果壳;(玉米)苞叶trunk 树干branch 树枝bough 大或者粗的树枝twig 小树枝bark 树皮jungle 丛林lawn 草坪meadow 草地,牧场prairie 大草原shrub (bush) 灌木cluster 一簇(灌木)fern 蕨类植物herb 草photosynthesis 光合作用symbiosis 共生wither (shrivel, fade) 凋谢pollen 花粉pollinate 传授花粉pollination 授粉cell 细胞tissue 组织organ 器官13system 系统seeds 种子everlasting 永久的orchid 兰花pollinate 授粉crossbreed 杂交shrub 灌木sequoia 红杉root pressure 根压cohesion-tension 凝聚压力bore 腔,肠column 花柱symbiotic 共生的immunity 免疫organism 生物,有机物necrosis 坏死barren 贫瘠futile 无用的carbohydrate (starch) 碳水化合物(淀粉),糖类 glucose 葡萄糖starch 淀粉fat 脂肪protein 蛋白质vitamin 维他命calorie 卡路里(热量单位)malnourished 营养不良的nutrition 营养11教育类EDUCATION 教育educator 教育家higher education 高等教育moral character 道德品质domain 领域faculty 全体教员alumni 校友treasurer 生活委员,财务大臣elective system 选课制度curriculum 课程(总称)discipline 学科,管理learn by rote 死记硬背12音乐MUSICmusical instrument 乐器14orchestra 乐队string 弦乐wind 管乐shook rattle 摇拨浪鼓pound drum 击鼓footbeat 点脚,跺脚percussion 震荡,打击乐器note 音符score 乐谱movement 乐章fanatical 狂热的hillbilly music 乡村音乐folk music 民间音乐pop music 流行音乐classical music 古典音乐Jazz 爵士乐13.农业AGRICULTUREagriculture (farming) 农业agricultural 农业的land (soil) 土壤;土地soil conservation 土壤保护soil erosion 泥土流失silt 粉砂,泥沙clay 黏土,湿土clod 土块agrarian 土地的,农业的pilot (experimental ) 试验性的harrow( rake) 耙,耙土ridge 田埂furrow 犁沟plot (patch )小块地ranch 农场,牧场plantation 种植园orchard 果园nursery 苗圃seedbed 苗床sickle 镰刀spade 铲,锹shovel (平头) 铲pick 稿tractor 拖拉机cultivate (till) 耕作15sow(seed) 播种harvest 收割weed 除草irrigate 灌溉manure(fertilizer) 肥料spray 喷洒(农药)insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest 害虫rust 锈病grain (cereal) 谷物,谷粒granary(grain store) 粮仓mill 碾,磨wheat 小麦corn 玉米rice 大米barley 大麦sorghum 高粱oats 燕麦rye 黑麦millet 粟,小米vegetable 蔬菜horticulture 园艺学hydroponics 水栽法,营养液栽培法 greenhouse(glasshouse,hotbed) 温室cabbage 洋白菜lettuce 生菜mustard 芥菜spinach 菠菜broccoli 花椰菜cucumber 黄瓜eggplant 茄子pepper 辣椒pumpkin 南瓜tomato 西红柿beet 甜菜carrot 胡萝卜radish 小红萝卜pea 豌豆soybean 大豆celery 芹菜garlic 大蒜leek 韭菜onion 洋葱头16potato 土豆peanut 花生sesame 芝麻cotton 棉花husbandry (animal husbandry) 畜牧业 pasture 牧场livestock 家畜fowl (poultry) 家禽cattle 牛,家畜buffalo 野牛dairy (dairy cattle) 奶牛dairy farm 乳牛场hay (作饲料用)干草haystack 干草堆fodder (feed) 饲料trough 饲料槽barn(shed) 牲口槽stable 厩,马厩cowshed 牛棚pigpen (hog pen, pigsty) 猪圈sheepfold (sheep pen) 羊栏roost (hen house) 鸡舍fish farm 养鱼场aquaculture 水产养殖14. 政治POLITICSconstitution 宪法legislation 立法Democrats 民主党Republicans 共和党Amendment 修正案Congress 美国国会Senate 参议院House of Representatives 众议院 monarchy 君主制anarchism 无政府主义federal system 联邦制presidential system 总统制municipal 市的,市政的metropolitan 大都市的centralized 中央集权的ideology 意识形态maneuver 擦略17tariff 关税immigrant 移民institutionalize 机构化election 选举vote 投票officeholding 任职veto 否决American Revolution 美国革命/独立战争 Independence War 美国独立战争 American Civil War 美国内战radical 激进的,根本的overturning 颠覆性的independent 独立的breathtaking 激动人心的military 军事的colonize 拓殖,殖民per capita 人均treason 叛国conspiracy 阴谋imprisonment 监禁release 释放pardon 特赦accusation 谴责,指控welfare 福利patronage 资助,赞助unionization 联合,结合15.学科类Mathematics 数学physics 物理chemistry 化学biology 生物学geography 地理学electronics 电子学computer science 计算机科学astronomy 天文学electronics engineering 电子工程学 botany 植物学psychology 心理学zoology 动物学architecture 建筑学oceanography 海洋学ecology 生态学medical science 医学archaeology 考古学history 历史学linguistics 语言学pedagogics 教育学,教学法anthropology 人类学economics 经济学statistics 统计学accounting 会计学philosophy 哲学16. 教师称号professor 教授lecturer = instructor 讲师teaching assistant = TA 助教research assistant = RA 助研counselor, adviser 咨询者,顾问B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) 文学士M.A (degree of Master of Arts) 文学硕士M.S. (Master of Science) 理硕士M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) 医学博士Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) (哲学)博士president 大学校长teacher/faculty 教师student's advisor 学生顾问physicist 物理学家mathematician 数学家chemist 化学家historian 历史学家statistician 统计学家17.正评价fascinating = fantastic 精彩的thought provoking 发人深思的stimulating 令人兴奋的sense of humor 幽默感负评价boring 无聊的drop off to sleep 睡着了doze off 打瞌睡drowsy 昏昏欲睡的clock watcher 不断看表的人make no sense 毫无意义18。