Eotwixe新托福听力课讲义
最新出炉的英文版IBT听力讲义（七）
8. Scene VIII: registration and applicationØ Registration dateØ DifficultiesØ Other materialsØ Example 1: RegistrationWhat is the main topic of the conversation?A The traffic accident.B How to enter the university.C How to register in courses and pay tuition.D How to register and use a credit card.A: Hello, are you Karen Beauchamp?S: Yes, I am. I am sorry I’m late for my appointment but there was an incident on the bridge and traffic was backed up.A: That’s okay. I am Rodney Caldwell. How may I help you?S: How are my registration date and time determined?A: Fist year students are mailed a designated date and specific time with their admission letter. For continuing students the dates and time for registration are determined by the average from the previous winter session and by the year that the student is in. Are you a first year student?S: Yes, I am.A: Have you received your admission letter?S: Yes, I have, but I also have some questions on how to pay for the courses. How do I pay if I don’t use a credit card? A: Other options are, by going to a bank and paying the teller the amount on your course confirmation slip, or by coming to the campus and paying in-person at the Student Services Building on the third floor.Ø Example 2: Registration Date1. When should the man check with Student Services to ensure the change of registration date?A When all of the senior students register in courses.B Twenty-four hours before the registration date.C Seven days before the designated registration date.D Twenty-four days before the registration date.2. What will happen if the man does not receive his financial aid?A It will be simply impossible for him to register.B It may still be possible to register if he gets a letter from the university financial officer.C He will make arrangements with the Registrar after registration.D He can still register but he will have to wait until the registration of senior students is over.S: Will my registration date change?A: For newly admitted students and undergraduates who are juniors or sophomores, the date could change as returning students at the senior level are given priority. You should check with Students Services one week prior to your registration date to ensure that there has been no change.S: Should I pay attention to the time?A: Yes, it is best to register on your date at the designated time. You cannot register before that date.S: What if I am unable to register at that time?A: You can register after that time but the chances are you will have less of a chance getting into the courses that you want at the times that you want.S: When do the fees have to be paid?A: Fees must be received within 24hours of registering.S: If I haven’t received the financial aid I am expecting, is it possible for me to register anyway?A: In special circumstances, a letter from the university financial officer or a sponsor’s authorization letter may be considered. Under those conditions, arrangements must be made with the Registrar prior to your on-line registration.9. Scene IX: transfer and school selectionØ School reputationØ Size of classØ TuitionØ Qualification of teacherØ Location of schoolØ Top student or notØ application10. Scene X: plan for holidayØ plan for summerØ preparationØ informationØ difficultiesØ Example 1: Summer Break1. What is the main topic of the conversation?A How to have fun in summer.B How to make money during summer break.C How to keep the family business during summer break.D Tentative plans for summer break.2. What is the woman’s main dilemma?A Going to Italy vs. helping her mother.B Going to Nepal vs. joining the Air Force.C Having fun vs. making money.D Doing the family duty vs. improving her engineering skills.A: Hi, Wendy.B: Hi, Sven.A: Only two more weeks of classes, eight school days actually, then exams start.B: Yes, I will be glad when exams are over. I get panicky and very stressed at exam time. I find myself eating constantly and I don’t seem to find any time to exercise.A: Exams don’t bother me that much. This year most of the marks for my courses were based on assignments and research projects. I only have two exams.B: You are lucky. I have five. I also need to get good marks, over 80 percent, or I won’t be able to keep my scholarship.A: What are you doing for summer break?B: I would like to Italy and work at a restaurant in Florence. My uncle owns a restaurant specializing in seafood and he offered me a job for the summer. In Italy, there are lots of English speaking tourists, so he would like to have someone fluent in English. It would also be an excellent opportunity for me to practice my Italian. I hope to be a translator one day, so I need to be fluent in several languages.A: That would be a wonderful summer.B: Yes, I know. I really want to go. The problem is my father had a heart attack three weeks ago. He is out of the hospital now and not in too much danger, but he cannot do much around the house. My brother is overseas with the Air Force, so I am the only one to help my mother around the house. It is such a dilemma. I don’t know what to do.A: Yes, I could see that would be a very difficult decision… You are only young once, though, and a chance to go to Florence for the summer, sounds like the opportunity of a lifetime.B: I am leaning towards going to Italy, but I just feel so guilty. What about you, Sven? What are your plans for the summer?A: Well, I have a dilemma, too. I would love to go to Nepal and volunteer with an NGO that could use me to instruct local residents in engineering skills. It would be a chance to share what I already know and I think it would be really interesting to spend four months in Nepal. However, I don’t find out until next week whether or not I have been accepted into the program. If I do get accepted, I won’t be making any money and I need money to return to university for my final year in September.B: If you don’t go to Nepal, where would you work?A: I don’t know. I have had some interviews with some construction companies. There are a lot of new high-rises and hotel going up on the south side of the city. There were three companies that thought they would have a place for me to do manual labor and the pay is good. None of the three companies are unionized, but they all pay union wages. I would prefer an office job where I could use the engineering skills I have already acquired. I have applied to several companies for inside work, but only two ever responded to my applications and neither seemed very promising. It would look much better on my resume after I graduate, if I have work experience in my field. Also, many engineering students get hired after they graduate by the company they worked for the previous summer.B: I can see your problem. If I get the opportunity to go to Nepal, I would probably go. Can’t you borrow money from financial aid for your final year?A: Probably, but I hate to start off with a lot of debt. Engineering fees are rising by 10 percent next year. It is not an inexpensive faculty to be in.B: No, but if you have the opportunity to go to an interesting job in Nepal, and be of service ,I think that would be wonderful.A: You are probably right. I appreciate your advice.。
新托福强化听力讲义
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial useConversation 高频单词1作业extra credit assignment/project/homework / assignment sheetpresentation / thesis proposal 论文开题报告/essay /report / research / literature review读后感/ journal 学术杂志/ record / chart / info / senior researcher /fair share/ deadline/ drain排水/ junk mail / positive feedback2 课程•required course/curriculum课程表/lecture/class/ compulsory course, requirement必修的•optional/elective/selective/unrequired course选修课•introduction, introductory, intro初级•mid, medium level, intermediate中级•advanced高级•preliminary预备级•seminar / graduation form/ academic record/ field experience实习/heavy schedule/ course load课业负担重/ hammer courses on your own 锤炼3 图书馆•library/study room→learning (resource) center / video library / inter-library loan service 馆际借阅服务•reference section/ reference stack参考书库/ electronic sources电子资源/ entertainment section•check out/ return/ fill out the form/a form to fill out / extended borrowing privileges 延长的借阅优先4 论文•Paper/ topic/ material /dissertation / a draft version/ first draft 第一稿•bibliography 参考书目录/ citation 引用/ plagiarism 作弊•display the abstract摘要/ summary总结/ narrow…down / access /electronic sources 电子资源•published/ unpublished data / bulletin board 布告栏5 考试Exam/ mid-term exam /final exam / quiz /pop quiz /grade / score /pass /passing grade /failing grade /GPA / make up exam /cheat语言标记•Discourse Markers•Introducing•In my talk today•My topic today is•Today, we are going to discuss•Today, I’ll go over•The purpose of my talk today is•Today we are going to look at•Giving background Information•It is clear•It goes without saying•It is understood•As we know•As we have all read•Defining•X can be defined as•X is known as•X is a type of•X is actually•Just what is meant by•Listing•First•First and foremost•Next•Another•To begin with•Second•The next point I’d like to cover•finally•Showing a connection•Pertaining to in connection with •Classifying•There are X types/ categories/ varieties of •X can be divided into•Giving examples•For example•For instance•X is a case in point•Take X for instance•Take X, for example•The following are some common examples •Let me give you some specific examples •Emphasizing•The crucial point•I’d like to emphasize•We should bear in mind that •Fundamentally•I want to stress•Furthermore•What’s more•This goes to show that•In effect•Least we forget•It is worth mentioning that•It follows, then•Clarifying•In other words•That is to say•Basically•If we put it another way•i.e.•What I mean to say is•Let me put it anther way •Parenthetically speaking Shifting subtopics •Now•All right•OK•Let’s now look at it•Now, I’d like to turn to•The next point I’d like to focus on •Moving on•All that aside•In this respect•Giving further information•In addition•Furthermore•Another point•Moreover•Not only…but also•Also•On top of that•As well•Giving contrast information•Although•However•On the other hand•Whereas•Despite•nevertheless•Giving an opinion•As far as I’m concerned•In my opinion•If it were up to me•According to•If you ask me•In my mind•Setting parameters•In terms of in the scope of •Digressing•By the way•Before I forget•Incidentally•Concluding•We’ve seen that•In conclusion, I’d like to•In short•To sum up•Let me end by saying•Any question?•All in all•Commonly Used Expression• A point of contention•After all is said and done•All the more•And so on• A cross purpose•At the onset•Back and forth•Foot the bill•Get a grasp of•Get the ball rolling•Subject of disagreement•After all debate is finished•Even more•Etcetera•In contradiction to each other’s intent •At the beginning•Going and returning•Pay all•To understand•start•Give rise to•Hardly the case•In a fix•In a nutshell•Instead of•It’s all or nothing•It’s all very well and good•Miss the point•No matter•On the condition•Owing to•Part and parcel of•Cause•Not the situation at all•In a bad or difficult situation•Here is the basic point•Rather than•Completely or not at all•There is nothing wrong with•Not understand•It really isn’t important•If/ depending on•Due to• A necessary and important element•Poke holes in•Practically speaking•Slowly but surely•Stem from•Supposing that•That isn’t to say•The upshot of•Turning point•When it comes down to it•With the aim of•Without regard to•Wrap up•Under no circumstances•Find something wrong with•Talking common sense•Done carefully over time•Come from•What if•It doesn’t mean•The consequence or result•An important point of change in direction or meaning •The truth is•Having the goal of•Ignoring•Finishnot for any reasonIdiomsCastles in the sky/ air 空中楼阁As clear as a bell 非常清楚Come to terms 清楚误会Shed crocodile tears 假慈悲Cut corners 走捷径Do’s and don’t’s 行为规范Face the music 面对现实First things first 先说重要的Forgive and forget 握手言和Get the ball rolling 使蓬勃发展A knockout 引人注目A rainy day 不如意的日子All thumbs 笨手笨脚的一窍不通的Ants in one’s pants (skirts) 坐立不安At one’s finger’s tips 了如指掌Backseat driver 指手画脚的人Blow one’s top 怒发冲冠Break the ice 打破僵局、沉默Bring down the house 掌声雷动的Buy your story 相信你的话Call it a day 今天到此为止Daylight robbery 价钱贵的离谱Dirty dog 卑鄙小人Flat tire 没精打采From A to Z 从头到尾God knows 天晓得Gone with the wind 随风而逝Good for nothing 毫无用处的Happy go luck 乐天派Have a big mouth 话多的人Have it both ways 权衡两方面Have time off 休假Hit of the show 表演中最精彩的一幕Hit the high spots 达到高水准Hold one’s tongue 保持沉默In hot water 遇到麻烦In the hole 遇到经济困难In the long run 从长远看In the soap 遇到麻烦Keep punching 继续努力Kick off 开始干某事Kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟Knock it off 别再讲下去了Let nature take its course 顺其自然Like a cat on hot bricks 热锅上的蚂蚁Like a turtle in its back 对事情束手无策Lousy cliché陈词滥调Master key 万能钥匙关键No sweat 没问题不用冒汗No money, no honey 没钱就没爱情Odds and ends 零碎的工作Off color 身体不爽On pins and needles 如坐针毡的Once in a blue moon 机会难得的绝无仅有Pain in the neck 极讨厌的人或物Pipe course 容易的课程或工作Pull a long face 拉长脸不悦Put sb.in the ring 和某人赛一场Rain or shine 不论晴雨Row in one boat 从事相同事业相同命运Royal road 容易取得成功的捷径Run of the town 轰动一时的人Salt of the earth/ world 社会中坚Second sight 超人的预见力Side money 外快Slowly but surely 稳扎稳打Speak the same language 志同道合Spill the beans 露马脚Stand on one’s own feet 独立自主Stay out of other people’s business 置身事外Step on one’s toes 触怒某人Sugar report 情书Sunday dress 最好的衣服Take it or leave it 别讨价还价Take things as they come 既来之则安之Talk big 讲大话Talk of the town 非常流行的东西Talk through one’s nose 骄傲自大Tall story 难以置信的故事Be the spirit 真有道理Throw cold water on 泼冷水Turn the tables 翻盘扭转局势Under the sun 世界任何地方Walking dictionary 知识渊博的人Welcome to the party 现在你总算懂了What’s the catch? 你这是什么意思When in Rome do as the Romans do入乡随俗White lie 善意的谎言With open arms 热烈欢迎Without fail 一定Got me there 难住我了Stick with sb 紧跟着某人Take a rain check 改天吧Lost count 弄不清楚Be in another world 精神恍惚Save your breath 别白费口舌了Make sense 有意义理解Burn a hole in one’s pocket 很快花光File one’s shoes 很好的顶替Is ice cold 理所当然的Look for a needle in a hay stack 大海捞针Meet each other half way 相互妥协让步On the dot 准时正点Once and for all 最后一次干脆Play by ear 随机应变Ring a bell 令人想起某事听起来耳熟Share a common outlook 有共同观点Six of one and half-a-dozen of the other半斤八两Stick around 在附近逗留或等待Stick with 继续做坚持Straighten out 扯平结清Turn one’s back 别人困难时不愿帮助Under the weather 身体不适生病Bite off more than one can chew 不自量力Break new ground 创新Do the trick 做成功达到理想效果Draw the line 拒绝拒不容忍Feel down in the dumps 心情不好情绪低落Keep between the two of us 保密Know a thing or two about 略知一二Leave no stone unturned 不遗余力On cloud nine 非常幸福On the tip of one’s tongue 就在嘴边Reach the bottom of the barrel 弹尽粮绝Up in the air 尚未决定悬而未决Wear and tear 磨损消耗With flying colors 大获全胜Get off on the wrong foot 开始就不顺利Get on someone’s nerves 使人不安Give someone a break 不要去管饶了某人Head and shoulders above 某方面强于某人In the red 赤字In the dark 一无所知A breath of fresh airBe all ears 洗耳恭听Be all eyes 目不转睛Sell like hot cakes 畅销Get butterflies in one’s stomach 紧张不安Two thumbs up 双手赞成Pull one’s leg 开某人玩笑Break one’s back 辛勤工作Twenty-four seven 永远一直Bucket down 瓢泼大雨Backroom boys 幕后英雄Beyond compare 绝佳的最棒的Break even 不赔不赚By the book 照章办事Cast a cloud over 泼冷水蒙上阴影Put oneself together 加把劲Suit me fine 太适合我了Time will tell 时间会证明一切Same old story 又是那一套Boys will be boys 本性难移Be Greek to sb. 某人完全不懂Couch potato 整天呆在沙发上看电视Wait on hand and foot 招待的无微不至Waste one’s breath 白费口舌Weigh one’s word 斟字酌句Wheels within wheels 错综复杂之理由Win a name 出名Wishful thinking 如意算盘Ups and downs 有喜有悲Under one’s breath 轻声细语Under one’s thumb 在某人支配下Turn the clock back 时光倒转Turn a deaf ear 不加理睬That’s that 就此而已Shoulder to shoulder 齐心协力See the world 见多识广Second to none 最佳的Second thoughts 从新考虑Read between the lines 明白言外之意Over and down with到此结束Grain ground 有进展Break a leg 大获全胜火山(volcano)1、分类周期eruption cycle：active volcano / extinct(ive) volcano/ dormant volcano强度eruption intensity: shield volcano 盾状火山周期短，强度小/compositevolcano 复式火山周期长，强度大2、灾害earthquake 地震landslide 滑坡mudslide 泥石流avalanche 雪崩(e.g. Cascade Mountain 终年低温，常年积雪) kill creatures ash steam/ash cloud/volcanic ash→pollution山形成方式plates crushing/collisiontectonic platevolcanic activity/Ring of Fire年龄以及分布地理位置记字头Alps, Rockies, Andes, Cascades, St. Helens, Appalachians湖咸淡对比表格Freshwater lake=Sweetwater lake 淡水湖Saltwater lake 咸水湖E.g. Great Lakes (Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, Ontario) Great Salt Lake对比：1、地理位置2、density 密度3、contraction 盐度4、为什么咸水湖咸，什么导致的，以前也这么咸么？Saltwater lake→evolution5、evaporation/no outlet6、ecology (wetland)7、climate8、environment海(ocean) oceanic current 洋流(ocean) volcanic island erode侵蚀lagoon泻湖coral reef/atoll 珊瑚礁/环礁矿（石、洞）Chemical elements 元素oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, silicon, iron, calcium, sodium, carbon, potassiummagnesium, oxide, titanium, methane, monoxide, dioxide, trioxide, peroxide,sulfur, amino, choleric, aluminumrock igneous rock 火山岩，岩浆岩成因：lava/magma→cool downsedimentary rock 沉积岩，水成岩成因：eroded by water/oceanmetamorphic rock 变质岩成因：heat + tensioncave solution cave 酸溶洞formed by mild/weak acidlava cave 熔岩洞during/after volcanic eruptionsea cave 海蚀洞eroded by sea water冰川(glacier)1、structure 构造特点ice sheet/layer 冰层ice cap 冰盖ice bottom 冰底2、formation 形成formation condition 形成条件①precipitate/rainfall/rain 下雨②turn in to ice accumulated③conserved ice/ice fern 积雪=cumulative snow3、movement 运动①velocity 运动速度comparison XX和XX比较②location 在哪运动（ocean）③regular 规律4、process 形成过程表格题5、climate/environment/ecology地球构造crust 地壳mantle 地幔core地核↓↓tectonic plate 板块magma 岩浆（高温）1、the definition2、example 记住主题，位置，目的3、expert4、the relation——continental drift 大陆漂移5、process 考表格板块collision→ridge seduction zone——magna circle地质学（geology）是托福听力考试中的常见话题，是关于地球的物质组成、内部构造、外部特征、各层圈之间的相互作用和演变历史的知识体系，是研究地球本身的学科。
新托福听力讲义
新托福听力讲义1. 界面展示新托福考试听力部分介绍：题量，时间，分数托福听力加试：托福考试中往往会有加试，不止是听力方面的。
新托福考生往往会在听力或阅读部分碰到加试试题，也有可能阅读、听力两部分同时被加试。
加试题是一种收集研究数据、测试新研发试题难度及可靠性的手段。
这是保证广大考生获得公平、精确和有效的测试而开展的标准化工作的核心部分。
不仅托福考试，加试题这种形式在很多其他的考试中都广泛存在。
但考生在应试过程中不会被告知哪道题是加试题。
因此在考试时需要把每道题都按照考试题认真对待。
要想判断加考题，只有考试结束，考生互相比对自己做到的题目，那些不是每个人都做到的题目才是加考题。
因此考生每一道题都认真对待。
凡是加试试题都会被评改，但是不算入个人总分，因此并不会影响考生的实际成绩。
加试分由ETS（美国教育考试服务中心：Educational Testing Service）保留，用以统计研究并做该加试是否用作正式考题的关键决定因素。
听力部分正常的考题应该是两套题，每套题各有一篇长对话和两篇长段子，总计时间大约为50分钟。
如果有加考，考生将会在做了两套题后被要求再做一套题，时间大约为20分钟。
加考题都是随机出现的，与考生之前的答题情况没有关系。
而且不只是加考篇目，整个听力和阅读篇目也没有固定的顺序，除了听力会维持1对话+2段子的格式，同一考场不同考生遇到的篇目顺序也是不同的，或者说是随机的阅读部分正常的考题应该是3篇文章，总计60分钟。
第一篇20分钟倒计时，第二、三篇一起倒计时，共40分钟，即20+40=60分钟。
但如果有加考，考生将会在做了3篇文章后被要求再做2篇，计时40分钟，这样阅读部分总共计时为20+40+40=100分钟。
1：题目的考查形式➢考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，草稿本➢电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书➢新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题➢答题时间：总时间限制，每题分配时间不限2：文章材料的考查形式➢文章长度：比旧托福长➢文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活➢文章类型：对话，独白，讨论3：考点在哪里➢开头➢原因➢重复➢定义➢描述➢事实➢比较➢时间➢数字➢地名➢问答➢结尾➢CONVERSATION文章思路➢LECTURE文章思路1：开头：一般是以today，we are going to talk about... We are continue...掀开序幕，说完之后一般就直切主题，继而分散开始说lecture的几个主要方面。
托福听力讲义非常详细
新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍1.新托福和旧托福的对照考试形式预读题目笔录题型PBT旧托福Paper Yes No1/4 multiple choiceIBT 新托福Internet No Yes New types2.题量，时间，分数文章种类题量题目数时间CONVERSATION2-3 5 / conversation2-3 min / conversation LECTURE4-6 6 / lecture4-6 min / lectureTOTAL6-9 （加试）3460-90 minSCALE SCORE: 30见OG185评分标准3.题目的观察形式考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，底底稿电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题答题时间：总时间限制，每题分派时间不限答题流程：永不改过4.文章资料的观察形式文章构造：删除了旧托福的 PART A 部分，更为着重于对于能力的观察文章长度：比旧托福长文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更为切近真切的学习生活文章种类：对话，独白，议论CONVERSATION文章思路LECTURE文章思路5.新托福考试题型概括题号问题题型1Why does the student go to see the professor?Gist question2According to the professor,what information should the Detail Question student include in her statement of purpose?3What does the professor consider unusual about the student’s Detail Question background?4Why does the professor tell a story about his friend who went Detail Question ot medical school?5What does the professor imply about the people who admit Inference question students to graduate school?6What are the students mainly discussing?Gist question7Listen again and then answer the question:Purpose question Why does the woman say this?8According to the conversation,why are transposes sometimes Detail Question called “ jumping genes ” ?9According to the conversation, what are two ways in which Detail Question bacteria cells get resistance genes?10What can be inferred about the resistance genes discussed in Inference question the conversation?11What is the talk mainly about?Gist question12What is the professor’ s point of view concerning the method Detail Question of“safe yield” ?13According to the professor,what are two problems associated Detail Question with removing wter from an underground system?14Listen again and then answer the question:Purpose question Why does the professor say this?15What is a key feature of a sustainable water system?Detail Question16What does the professor imply about water systems managed by Inference question the“ safe yield” method?17Why does the professor talk about Plato’ s description of Gist question society?18Listen again and then answer the question:Attitude question Why does the professor imply about plato’ s ethical theory?19Listen again and then answer the question:Purpose question Why does the professor ask this?20What are two points that reflect Plato’ s views about Detail Question education?Based on information in the lecture, indicate whether the Organization question21statements below about human emotion reflect beliefs held by Plato,22According to Plato,what is the main characteristic of a good Detail Question or just person?23What is the main topic of the lecture?Gist question24According to the professor,why did one scientist grow a rye Detail Question plant in water?25Listen again and then answer the question:Purpose question Why does the professor say this?26The professor mentions houseplants that receive too much Detail Question water. Why does she mention them?27Listen again and then answer the question:Purpose question Why does the professor intend to explain?28According to the professor,what similarity is there between Detail Question crabgrass and rye plants?29What is the lecture mainly about?Gist questionWhydoes the professor talk about a construction company that 30has work in different cities?Listen again and then answer the question:31Why does the professor say this?What is an example of a violation of the “ unity of command”32principle?According to the professor, where might there be a conflict 33in an organizational structure based on both projects andfunction?Indicate whether each sentence below describes functional 34organization or project organization. Place a check markin the correct box.Gist question: 6Detail question: 16Purpose question: 6Attitude question: 1Organization question: 2Inference question: 36.界面展现Detail Question Purpose question Detail Question Detail Question Organization question7.IBT 新托福资料说明——听力部分图片资料名称特色介绍使用方法The Official题目数目不多精听精做Study Guide难度较简单题目分类研究题型全面，和考试同样，质量高文章精读研究不建议模考ETS TOEFL一共 14 套，此中新东方引进 4 套，还有精听精做PRACTICE 2 套是 OG题目，其余所有为全真试题建议最后冲刺模考ONLINE难度和考试相当，已经有较全的版本出现题型全面，场景全面DELTA 新托福考题目数目大，后边有四套模拟试题精听精做试备考策略与模前面的训练题目文章较短，不是托福模拟建议考前加强训练拟试题听力资料要比考试稍难些，速度也稍快些对语速跟读模拟题型和考试相差好多，不建议细钻DELTA 新托福考题目数目大，有六套模拟试题建议考前模拟试模拟试题详细特色同蓝皮 delta对语速跟读模拟BARRON新托福题目数目大，后边有 7 套模拟试题建议平常精听训练考试全真模考题难度偏小，在基础班使用与精解KAPLAN 模考试有四套模拟试题考前模考题四套听力部分略难，语速略快配合模拟光盘，有临考感觉THOMSON模考试只有两套题，但质量很好，文章难度适中，建议模考题两套题目难度和 Barron 邻近，感觉上略难一些，和考试特别相像。
托福听力讲义
33
According to the professor, where might there be a conflict in an organizational structure based on both projects and function?
Detail Question
Why does the professor ask this?
Purpose question
20
What are two points that reflect Plato’s views about education?
Detail Question
21
Based on information in the lecture,indicatewhether the statements below about human emotion reflect beliefs held by Plato,
2
According to the professor, what information should the student include in her statement of purpose?
Detail Question
3
What does the professor consider unusual about the student’s background?
（2）常用性词语出现连读
for him
连读中的基本规则
（1）辅音+元音连读
I was found on the ground by the fountain about a field of a summer stride.
新托福听力讲义
听写是提高听力的唯一途径听写是提高听力的唯一途径听写是提高听力的唯一途径听写是提高听力的唯一途径“别问，你就听吧！“NEW TOEFL听力概况：2 Section,3 Passages/Section, 1 Long Dialog/Section, 2 Lectures/Section;5 Questions/Long Dialog,6 Questions/Lecture, 17 Questions/Section;10 Minutes/Section (Answer Time), 4 Minutes/Long Dialog, 6 Minutes/Lecture;NEW TOEFL最常考的四大类听力材料：历史、生物、地球科学、天文学。
The Different Between NEW TOEFL and OLD TOEFL:A. 内容变的丰满，加入了描述、解释性的语言；B. 语速变的缓慢选择有用的信息空间↑↑编码——→存储——→提取↓↓语音识别能力时间★“码”与“存储”是基本听力实力；“编”是考试的能力★在你想要懂的时候，缺失了有效的信息NEW TOEFL Listening 基本听力实力：一、语音识别能力：A. 易——语速问题；越听越劳累，越疲惫，越憔悴，越崩溃，越想拿刀插肋！B. 多——单个单词熟形不熟音；耳朵——不识别或者不熟悉；背单词就是幻觉，背单词只是准备学英文，真正的学习英文是以句子为中心的；解决方法：跟读与模仿前提：A. 要有连续性，使用眼、耳、嘴；B. 要比被模仿者说的慢；步骤：A. 先把文字材料读熟；B. 边听边看边读——纠正存储错误的声音，存储没有听过的声音；C. “只听不看”读材料材料：前十天使用讲义P359的材料，每天一篇，一共10篇，操作步骤如下：a.边听边填空——用耳朵去熟悉声音，协调耳手；（5遍能填全，5遍以后看答案，找到耳朵的Weakness）；b.了解文章内容，查生词，理解句子c.跟读与模仿；（以上三步大概完成时间3-5 Hours）C. 难——语言现象a. 连音（前辅音+后元音产生连音现象）；b. 失爆；（b、p、t、d、k、g）解决方法：跟读与模仿二、语气与语调——解决功能题与态度题1、单个单词重读表示责备抱怨、不满或者正话反说；2、声调越升越怀疑，越升越否定；三、词汇1、耳朵要认识单词；2、10%的词汇听不出来很正常；3、听不出来的不会词汇有两类：应该不会的，活该不会的；差est→差er→差ing→a little 差→a little 好→a little 好→好er→好est4、专业词汇；★如果专业词汇在Lecture中被解释，100%是考点，要重点听后面的解释；四、思维模式1、First in first（要紧的事情最先讲——解决主旨题，听准开头）；2、积极向上、善良正义——解决功能题；五、听力的误区1、Try to understand everything;解决方法：听觉导向训练训练步骤：（1）做题；（2）边听边填空；（3）听写；（4）跟读与模仿；2、Unfamiliar with the topic;NEW TOEFL 听力考前训练——最佳训练材料：旧托福里的学术演讲1、Vocabulary used in the conversation and lectures;（旧托福）2、跟读与模仿（旧托福/拒绝电影）；3、听写是提高听力的唯一途径；A. 听一句写一句（不能边听边写）→训练存储能力（3-5遍）；注：如果3-5遍写不全，说明不是存储能力有问题，是语音识别有问题，这样就找到了语音识别的Weakness；B. 先听写，再跟读，语音语调耳朵熟（没有跟读模仿的听写不是一个完整的听写）；注：补上语音识别的Weakness要靠跟读与模仿，每篇文章跟读至少10遍；C. 每天听写至少1个小时；（不包含跟读模仿的时间）D. 听写材料如下：a. 场景分类训练（下）；b. 场景分类训练（上）；c. 听觉导向训练；d. 模拟练习、MINI练习；e. Delta;f. ETS真题（OG11篇，讲义练习三）；g. 旧托福听力训练；E. 我们从听写中获得什么？a. 存储力；b. 听写过程中的常态感（习惯）；c. 找缺陷；d. 抗疲劳；e. 少走神，注意力集中；f. 偏执；4、珍爱生命，拒绝泛听；5、记笔记的七个特征（Note-taking）;——Why should we TAKE NOTES???A. 只要自己能看懂就行； A. Lose Attention;B. 越少完整单词越好； B. Lose Memory;C. 英汉结合；D. 要利用符号、线条、曲线、画图等；E. 简练——主要在听：切莫因记而误听；F. 写而有用；G. 可追忆性；6、训练TAKE NOTES的能力；A. 做笔记→做题；B. 听写；C. 看文字答案，画出考点；D. 分析文章层次，研究考点特征；E. 边听边看——着重注意画出的考点；F. 重新TAKE NOTES；NEW TOEFL六种题型综述：主旨题（Gist）;——B细节题（Detail）; ——B功能题（Function）; ——P态度题（Stance）; ——P组织结构题（Organization）; ——C推理题（Relationship）; ——C注：B代表Basic Comprehension; P代表Pragmatic Understanding; C代表Connecting Information.NEW TOEFL 6种听力题型详解：1. Basic Comprehension(50%-70%的考点)A. 主旨题（Gist）——每篇文章必考主旨题；a. 主旨题分为内容主旨和目的主旨；b. 解决主旨题的5个要求：（1）听准开头；（2）把握对话目的；（3）对于演讲，敏感开头句型；（4）捕捉全文重复（主题决定细节，细节反映主题）；（5）训练关键词的敏感（大多是名词和动词）——适应于长对话；★选课场景：先初再高等同意，热门提前抓时机，太多太难基础课，选修必修记仔细。
新托福强化听力讲义（1）说课材料
新托福强化听力讲义（1）说课材料Conversation 高频单词1作业extra credit assignment/project/homework / assignment sheetpresentation / thesis proposal 论文开题报告/essay /report / research / literature review读后感/ journal 学术杂志/ record / chart / info / senior researcher /fair share/ deadline/ drain排水/ junk mail / positive feedback2 课程required course/curriculum课程表/lecture/class/ compulsory course, requirement必修的?optional/elective/selective/unrequired course选修课introduction, introductory, intro初级mid, medium level, intermediate中级advanced高级preliminary预备级seminar / graduation form/ academic record/ field experience实习/heavy schedule/ course load课业负担重/ hammer courses on your own 锤炼3 图书馆library/study room→learning (resource) center / video library / inter-library loan service 馆际借阅服务reference section/ reference stack参考书库/ electronic sources电子资源/ entertainment sectioncheck out/ return/ fill out the form/a form to fill out / extended borrowing privileges 延长的借阅优先4 论文Paper/ topic/ material /dissertation / a draft version/ first draft 第一稿bibliography 参考书目录/ citation 引用/ plagiarism 作弊display the abstract摘要/ summary总结/ narrow…down / access /electronic sources 电子资源published/ unpublished data / bulletin board 布告栏5 考试Exam/ mid-term exam /final exam / quiz /pop quiz /grade / score /pass /passing grade /failing grade /GPA / make up exam /cheat语言标记Discourse MarkersIntroducingIn my talk todayMy topic today isToday, we are going to discuss ?T oday, I’ll go overThe purpose of my talk today isToday we are going to look atGiving background InformationIt is clearIt goes without sayingIt is understoodAs we knowAs we have all readDefiningX can be defined asX is known asX is a type ofX is actuallyJust what is meant byListingFirstFirst and foremostNextAnotherTo begin withSecondThe next point I’d like to coverfinallyShowing a connectionPertaining to in connection withClassifyingThere are X types/ categories/ varieties of ?X can be divided intoGiving examplesFor exampleFor instanceX is a case in pointTake X for instanceTake X, for exampleThe following are some common examples ?Let me give you some specific examples ?EmphasizingThe crucial pointI’d like to emphasizeWe should bear in mind that ?FundamentallyI want to stressFurthermoreWhat’s moreThis goes to show thatIn effectLeast we forgetIt is worth mentioning thatIt follows, thenClarifyingIn other wordsThat is to sayBasicallyIf we put it another wayi.e.What I mean to say isLet me put it anther way ?Parenthetically speaking Shifting subtopics ?NowAll rightOKLet’s now look at itNow, I’d like to turn toThe next point I’d like to focus on ?Moving onAll that asideIn this respectGiving further informationIn additionFurthermoreAnother pointMoreoverNot only…but alsoAlsoOn top of thatAs wellGiving contrast information AlthoughHoweverOn the other handWhereasDespiteneverthelessGiving an opinionAs far as I’m concernedIn my opinionIf it were up to meAccording toIf you ask meIn my mindSetting parametersIn terms of in the scope of ?Digressing By the wayBefore I forgetIncidentallyConcludingWe’ve seen thatIn conclusion, I’d like toIn shortTo sum upLet me end by sayingAny question?All in allCommonly Used ExpressionA point of contentionAfter all is said and doneAll the moreAnd so onA cross purposeAt the onsetBack and forthFoot the billGet a grasp ofGet the ball rollingSubject of disagreementAfter all debate is finishedEven moreEtceteraIn cont radiction to each other’s intent ?At the beginning Going and returningPay allTo understandstartGive rise toHardly the caseIn a fixIn a nutshellInstead ofIt’s all or nothingIt’s all very well and good ?Miss the pointNo matterOn the conditionOwing toPart and parcel ofCauseNot the situation at allIn a bad or difficult situation ?Here is the basic pointRather thanCompletely or not at allThere is nothing wrong with ?Not understandIt really isn’t importantIf/ depending onDue toA necessary and important element ?Poke holes inPractically speakingSlowly but surelyStem fromSupposing thatThat isn’t to sayThe upshot ofTurning pointWhen it comes down to itWith the aim ofWithout regard toWrap upUnder no circumstancesFind something wrong with ?Talking common senseDone carefully over time ?Come fromWhat ifIt doesn’t meanThe consequence or resultAn important point of change in direction or meaning ?The truth isHaving the goal ofIgnoringFinishnot for any reasonIdiomsCastles in the sky/ air 空中楼阁As clear as a bell 非常清楚Come to terms 清楚误会Shed crocodile tears 假慈悲Cut corners 走捷径Do’s and don’t’s 行为规范Face the music 面对现实First things first 先说重要的Forgive and forget 握手言和Get the ball rolling 使蓬勃发展A knockout 引人注目A rainy day 不如意的日子All thumbs 笨手笨脚的一窍不通的Ants in one’s pants (skirts) 坐立不安At one’s finger’s tips 了如指掌Backseat driver 指手画脚的人Blow one’s top 怒发冲冠Break the ice 打破僵局、沉默Bring down the house 掌声雷动的Buy your story 相信你的话Call it a day 今天到此为止Daylight robbery 价钱贵的离谱Dirty dog 卑鄙小人Flat tire 没精打采From A to Z 从头到尾God knows 天晓得Gone with the wind 随风而逝Good for nothing 毫无用处的Happy go luck 乐天派Have a big mouth 话多的人Have it both ways 权衡两方面Have time off 休假Hit of the show 表演中最精彩的一幕Hit the high spots 达到高水准Hold one’s tongue 保持沉默In hot water 遇到麻烦In the hole 遇到经济困难In the long run 从长远看In the soap 遇到麻烦Keep punching 继续努力Kick off 开始干某事Kill two birds with one stone 一石二鸟Knock it off 别再讲下去了Let nature take its course 顺其自然Like a cat on hot bricks 热锅上的蚂蚁Like a turtle in its back 对事情束手无策Lousy cliché陈词滥调Master key 万能钥匙关键No sweat 没问题不用冒汗No money, no honey 没钱就没爱情Odds and ends 零碎的工作Off color 身体不爽On pins and needles 如坐针毡的Once in a blue moon 机会难得的绝无仅有Pain in the neck 极讨厌的人或物Pipe course 容易的课程或工作Pull a long face 拉长脸不悦Put sb.in the ring 和某人赛一场Rain or shine 不论晴雨Row in one boat 从事相同事业相同命运Royal road 容易取得成功的捷径Run of the town 轰动一时的人Salt of the earth/ world 社会中坚Second sight 超人的预见力Side money 外快Slowly but surely 稳扎稳打Speak the same language 志同道合Spill the beans 露马脚Stand on one’s ow n feet 独立自主Stay out of other people’s business 置身事外Step on one’s toes 触怒某人Sugar report 情书Sunday dress 最好的衣服Take it or leave it 别讨价还价Take things as they come 既来之则安之Talk big 讲大话Talk of the town 非常流行的东西Talk through one’s nose 骄傲自大Tall story 难以置信的故事Be the spirit 真有道理Throw cold water on 泼冷水Turn the tables 翻盘扭转局势Under the sun 世界任何地方Walking dictionary 知识渊博的人Welcome to the party 现在你总算懂了What’s the catch? 你这是什么意思When in Rome do as the Romans do入乡随俗White lie 善意的谎言With open arms 热烈欢迎Without fail 一定Got me there 难住我了Stick with sb 紧跟着某人Take a rain check 改天吧Lost count 弄不清楚Be in another world 精神恍惚Save your breath 别白费口舌了Make sense 有意义理解Burn a hole in one’s pocket 很快花光File one’s shoes 很好的顶替Is ice cold 理所当然的Look for a needle in a hay stack 大海捞针Meet each other half way 相互妥协让步On the dot 准时正点Once and for all 最后一次干脆Play by ear 随机应变Ring a bell 令人想起某事听起来耳熟Share a common outlook 有共同观点Six of one and half-a-dozen of the other半斤八两Stick around 在附近逗留或等待Stick with 继续做坚持Straighten out 扯平结清Turn one’s back 别人困难时不愿帮助Under the weather 身体不适生病Bite off more than one can chew 不自量力Break new ground 创新Do the trick 做成功达到理想效果Draw the line 拒绝拒不容忍Feel down in the dumps 心情不好情绪低落Keep between the two of us 保密Know a thing or two about 略知一二Leave no stone unturned 不遗余力On cloud nine 非常幸福On the tip of one’s tongue 就在嘴边Reach the bottom of the barrel 弹尽粮绝Up in the air 尚未决定悬而未决Wear and tear 磨损消耗With flying colors 大获全胜Get off on the wrong foot 开始就不顺利Get on someone’s nerves 使人不安Give someone a break 不要去管饶了某人Head and shoulders above 某方面强于某人In the red 赤字In the dark 一无所知A breath of fresh airBe all ears 洗耳恭听Be all eyes 目不转睛Sell like hot cakes 畅销Get butterflies in one’s stomach 紧张不安Two thumbs up 双手赞成Pull one’s leg 开某人玩笑Break one’s back 辛勤工作Twenty-four seven 永远一直Bucket down 瓢泼大雨Backroom boys 幕后英雄Beyond compare 绝佳的最棒的Break even 不赔不赚By the book 照章办事Cast a cloud over 泼冷水蒙上阴影Put oneself together 加把劲Suit me fine 太适合我了Time will tell 时间会证明一切Same old story 又是那一套Boys will be boys 本性难移Be Greek to sb. 某人完全不懂Couch potato 整天呆在沙发上看电视Wait on hand and foot 招待的无微不至Waste one’s breath 白费口舌Weigh one’s word 斟字酌句Wheels within wheels 错综复杂之理由Win a name 出名Wishful thinking 如意算盘Ups and downs 有喜有悲Under one’s breath 轻声细语Under one’s thumb 在某人支配下Turn the clock back 时光倒转Turn a deaf ear 不加理睬That’s that 就此而已Shoulder to shoulder 齐心协力See the world 见多识广Second to none 最佳的Second thoughts 从新考虑Read between the lines 明白言外之意Over and down with到此结束Grain ground 有进展Break a leg 大获全胜火山(volcano)1、分类周期eruption cycle：active volcano / extinct(ive) volcano/ dormant volcano强度eruption intensity: shield volcano 盾状火山周期短，强度小/compositevolcano 复式火山周期长，强度大2、灾害earthquake 地震landslide 滑坡mudslide 泥石流avalanche 雪崩(e.g. Cascade Mountain 终年低温，常年积雪) kill creatures ash steam/ash cloud/volcanic ash→pollution山形成方式plates crushing/collisiontectonic platevolcanic activity/Ring of Fire年龄以及分布地理位置记字头Alps, Rockies, Andes, Cascades, St. Helens, Appalachians湖咸淡对比表格Freshwater lake=Sweetwater lake 淡水湖Saltwater lake 咸水湖E.g. Great Lakes (Superior, Huron, Michigan, Erie, Ontario) Great Salt Lake对比：1、地理位置2、density 密度3、contraction 盐度4、为什么咸水湖咸，什么导致的，以前也这么咸么？Saltwater lake→evolution5、evaporation/no outlet6、ecology (wetland)7、climate8、environment海(ocean) oceanic current 洋流(ocean) volcanic island erode侵蚀lagoon泻湖coral reef/atoll 珊瑚礁/环礁矿（石、洞）Chemical elements 元素oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, silicon, iron, calcium, sodium, carbon, potassiummagnesium, oxide, titanium, methane, monoxide, dioxide, trioxide, peroxide,sulfur, amino, choleric, aluminumrock igneous rock 火山岩，岩浆岩成因：lava/magma→cool downsedimentary rock 沉积岩，水成岩成因：eroded by water/oceanmetamorphic rock 变质岩成因：heat + tensioncave solution cave 酸溶洞formed by mild/weak acidlava cave 熔岩洞during/after volcanic eruptionsea cave 海蚀洞eroded by sea water冰川(glacier)1、structure 构造特点ice sheet/layer 冰层ice cap 冰盖ice bottom 冰底2、formation 形成formation condition 形成条件①precipitate/rainfall/rain 下雨②turn in to ice accumulated③conserved ice/ice fern 积雪=cumulative snow3、movement 运动①velocity 运动速度comparison XX和XX比较②location 在哪运动（ocean）③regular 规律4、process 形成过程表格题5、climate/environment/ecology地球构造crust 地壳mantle 地幔core地核↓↓tectonic plate 板块magma 岩浆（高温）1、the definition2、example 记住主题，位置，目的3、expert4、the relation——continental drift 大陆漂移5、process 考表格板块collision→ridge seduction zone——magna circle地质学（geology）是托福听力考试中的常见话题，是关于地球的物质组成、内部构造、外部特征、各层圈之间的相互作用和演变历史的知识体系，是研究地球本身的学科。
托福听力讲义非常详细
新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍1. 新托福和旧托福的对比2. 题量，时间，分数3. 题目的考查形式考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，草稿本电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题答题时间：总时间限制，每题分配时间不限答题流程：永不悔改4. 文章材料的考查形式文章结构：删除了旧托福的PART A 部分，更加注重于对于能力的考查 文章长度：比旧托福长文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活文章类型：对话，独白，讨论CONVERSATION文章思路LECTURE文章思路5. 新托福考试题型概述6. 界面展示7. IBT新托福资料说明——听力部分托福听力中的九大语音问题1. 语速问题托福听力过程中的语速问题如何解决语速问题2. 连读问题托福听力过程中的连读问题（1）关键性词语出现连读：否定形式●not at all：The meeting yesterday wasn’t at all boring.（2）常用性词语出现连读●for him连读中的基本规则（1）辅音+元音连读●I was found on the ground by the fountain about a field of a summer stride.●Not at all.●Rush hour.●This dictionary is not exactly what I wanted but it will do.●Travel agency, travel agent（2）辅音+辅音连读●Some money, bike key（3）元音+元音连读●Be on time●An apple a day keeps the doctor away（4）H连读●I lent him a book.●Larry is taking a lot of art, isn’t he?●The stuff the nurse gave me seemed to have helped.●I must have left my keys at my sister’s house.●She learned to use the computer on her own.（5）其他特殊连读●【t】+【j】=【ch】：meet you, hurt you, that your●【d】+【j】=【dg】：would you, hand your, did you●【s】+【j】=【sh】：miss you, this year●【z】+【j】=【g】：as usual, because you●Example: won’t you, don’t you, didn’t you, haven’t you, hadn’t you, wouldn’t you,weren’t you, last year, next year, not yet, did you, had you, would you, I advice you, Iuse your, how’s your如何解决连读问题3. 失爆问题托福听力过程中的失爆问题：【p】，【b】，【t】，【d】，【k】，【g】任意两个连续出现就会发生失爆现象●Sit down, good night, friendly●-this calculator isn’t working right.-I think you’ve got the battery in upside down.如何解决失爆问题4. 略读问题托福听力过程中的略读问题：书写时将两个或多个相邻的单词省略某些字母而连接起来●I am = I’m, you have = you’ve, how is = how’s, that would = that’d●Doesn’t, didn’t, shouldn’t, hadn’t, hasn’t, wouldn’t, won’t●Official guide P199：OK. So we’ve talked about some different types of root systems of plants,and I’ve shown you some pretty cool slides, but now I want to talk about the extent of the rot system- the overall size of the root system…the depth.如何解决略读问题●I’m, you’re, she’s, they’re, there’s, he’s, who’s●We’ve, he’ll, she’d, she’ll, she’s, they’d, they’ve, they’ll●Can’t, weren’t, won’t, are n’t, wouldn’t, shouldn’t●Gotta, gonna5. 弱读问题托福听力过程中的弱读问题（1）介词弱化：●stay at home, do it for fun, come from China, go in the house, a cup of coffee, the trainto Paris（2）代词弱化：●Phone us when you are free.●I’ve lost my book.（3）连词弱化：●Please give me some cream and sugar.●Either Tom or Peter can come.如何解决弱读问题6. 英美音差异问题托福听力过程中的英美音问题（1）【r】音问题●Idea, really●They weren’t at the dorm last night.(A) They went to the dormitory.(B) They didn’t go to the dormitory.●-The snow is really coming down, isn’t it?-Rarely do we have so much snow in December.-What does the man mean?(A) it is typical December weather for this region.(B) such a large amount of snow is unusual for this month.（2）【o】【a:】●Glass, class, fast●Hot, box, rock（3）其他情况●Neither如何解决英美音问题●常见易混音：Course-cause, once more-one small, career-Korea, worse-was, bore-ball,door-doll, core-call, tear-tea, short-shot●不加儿化音的词：China, Australia, banana, wall●常见英美音不同读法：Neither, either, record, cupboard, cassette, garage, laboratory, adult,ordinary, secretary, dictionary7. 词性变音问题托福听力过程中的词性变音问题●Method- methodically●校园词汇的变音：meteorology, economics, geography如何解决词性变音问题8. Company-companion, library-librarian, geography-geographical, ignore-ignorant,photo-photographer-photographic, declare-declaration, economy-economic-economical, invite-invitation, technology-technological, type-typical缩写问题托福听力过程中的缩写问题●Sitcom●Chem lab●prof如何解决词性缩写问题●Intro. Course = introductory course 导论性课Demo = demonstration 演示●Memo = memorandum 备忘录Info. = Information 信息●Expo = exposition 博览会Chem.= chemistry 化学●Comm. = commerce 商业Tech = technology 技术●Ad.= advertisement 广告Dorm = dormitory 寝室●M.A. = Master of Arts 文学硕士M.S. = Master of Science 理学硕士● B.A. =Bachelor of Arts文学士 B.S. = Bachelor of Science理学士●alga = algebra 代数学、代数anat = anatomy 解剖学、解剖●archit = architecture 建筑学、建筑arith = arithmetic 算术、算术●astron = astronomy 天文学、天文eng = engineering工程学、工程●electr = electricity电学、电fin = finance财政学、财政●geol = geology地质学、地质geom = geometry几何学、几何●gram = grammar文法hist = history历史、史●ling = linguistics语言学、语言maths = mathematics数学、数学●mech = mechanics 机械学、机械med = medical医学、医●met = meteorology气象学、气象myth = mythology 神话●phil = philosophy哲学phon = phonetics 语言学、语言●photo = photography摄影术、摄影phys = physics物理学、物理●physiol = physiology生理学、生理pol = politics政治学、政治●psych = psychology心理学、心理9. 数字问题托福听力过程中的数字问题●逗号原则●1,234,567,890:新托福听力记笔记NOTE TAKING记笔记的两种形式符号●＞: surpass, exceed●＜:less than●＝: equal to, the same as●≠: difference●↑: increase, promote, enhance, improve●↓: decrease, fall, worsen●＋: plus, add, besides, moreover●－: minus, deduct, except●→: result in, lead to●←: originate from, date back to●√: correct, good, positive, affirmative●×: wrong, bad, mistaken, negative●☆: outstanding, elite●∵: because, owing to, thanks to, since, as●∴: therefore, consequently, as a result, so, hence●∑: total, amount●γ: government缩写●able?BL: PRBL，RSBL，DBL●ing?G: SHPG●tion?N: OPTN，NAN●ment?T: AGRMT●ize?Z: RCGNZ，OGNZ●tive?TV: EFCTV，●ful?FL: SCFL●less?LS: RGDLS●ent/ant?T: URGT●al/ial?L: ARVL练习Sample Script:American universities have been offering classes online through computers for a number of years.Now, some newly created colleges are offering academic degrees online. One university offers both bach elor’s degrees and master’s degrees. Official say they try to provide students with a social experience as well as an educational one. For example, in some programs, groups of the same six students progress through all their classes together. They communicate by computer. Another online school uses a problem-solving method of teaching. Students attempt to solve real problems in their classes online instead of reading information.Students who have taken online classes say they like them because they do not have to travel to building at a set time to listen to a professor. Professors say they have better communication with students through e-mail notes than they do in many traditional classes.新托福听力文章套路1. 托福听力中的重点原则原则一：大写原则原则二：开头结尾原则：3T-2M原则原则三：重复原则原则四：转折对比原则原则五：强调原则原则六：比较原则原则七：建议原则原则八：举例原则原则九：现在原则原则十：解释原则原则十一：因果原则原则十二：观点态度原则原则十三：特殊问句原则2. 举例：OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 1——CONVERSATION3. 举例：OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 2——LECTURE新托福听力场景汇总之CONVERSATION篇新托福听力场景汇总之CONVERSATION篇1. 课程相关事务场景场景特点：主要涉及到一些和课程相关事项的解决方法。
Eotwixe新托福听力课讲义
学习使人进步心之所向，所向披靡七夕，古今诗人惯咏星月与悲情。
吾生虽晚，世态炎凉却已看透矣。
情也成空，且作“挥手袖底风”罢。
是夜，窗外风雨如晦，吾独坐陋室，听一曲《尘缘》，合成诗韵一首，觉放诸古今，亦独有风韵也。
乃书于纸上。
毕而卧。
凄然入梦。
乙酉年七月初七。
-----啸之记。
新托福听力基础班讲义新托福及听力的基本情况托福基础听力的主要内容：⏹新托福听力的基本情况⏹美语语音⏹托福特色场景词汇扩展⏹托福听力基本应试技巧⏹北美校园生活透视新托听力基本形式⏹新答题方式：隔间+电脑+耳机+笔记⏹ 2.答题程序：听读选不可跳跃旧托福：先读，后听，再选。
新托：1.耳机中出现所问题声音，画面上出现题干和相关场景图片。
2.听完整篇文章之前无法预读任何问题或选项。
只得先听，后读，再选。
考题依然延续机考托福的规则，不可看，不可逆，不可改。
⏹ 3.考察题型增多：单选多选图表是非排序⏹ 4.语音形式：美音为主流+国际口音⏹新托福基础听力基本范围北美大学真实课堂，教室内外的各种交流包括对话和讲座两种类型。
⏹共6篇，做题时间60-90分钟。
每篇在600字左右，时间为3-5分钟。
（注：托福基础课的任务之一即适应托福段子的长度）instructors’ office hours⏹对话人物：教授与学生；⏹对话地点：教师办公室；⏹对话内容可为学术讨论或有关询问课程等问题。
对话(2)service encounters 后勤服务⏹对话人物：学生与工作人员；⏹对话地点：校园某办公室；⏹对话内容：非学术的询问。
对话(3) student interactions⏹对话人物：学生甲乙；⏹对话地点：教室以外相遇；⏹对话内容：学术讨论；非学术讨论托福听力考试基本内容之讲座LECTURE内容:天文、地理、生物、历史等等也都是托福惯用的测试内容。
形式：有的是教授”独白“有的是教授演讲中夹杂学生提问、教授提问。
新托福听力新特点l．整个铲除了容易丢分的笔试小对话，没有过的的俚语俗语.举例：You bet. I am out of here.2. 允许考生记笔记。
托福听力讲义非常详细
托福听力讲义非常详细新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍1.新托福和旧托福的对比考试形式预读题目笔记题型PBT旧托福Paper Yes No1/4 multiple choiceIBT新托福Internet No Yes New types2.题量，时间，分数文章类型题量题目数时间CONVERSATION2-3 5 / conversation2-3 min / conversation LECTURE4-6 6 / lecture4-6 min / lectureTOTAL6-9（加试）3460-90 min SCALE SCORE: 30 见OG185评分标准3.题目的考查形式考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，草稿本电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题答题时间：总时间限制，每题分配时间不限答题流程：永不悔改4.文章材料的考查形式文章结构：删除了旧托福的PART A 部分，更加注重于对于能力的考查文章长度：比旧托福长文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活文章类型：对话，独白，讨论CONVERSATION文章思路LECTURE文章思路5.新托福考试题型概述题号问题题型1Why does the student go to see the professor?Gist question2According to the professor, what information should thestudent include in her statement of purpose?Detail Question3What does the professor consider unusual about the student’sbackground?Detail Question4Why does the professor tell a story about his friend who wentot medical school?Detail Question5What does the professor imply about the people who admit students to graduate school?Inference questionGist question: 6Detail question: 16Purpose question: 6Attitude question: 1Organization question: 2Inference question: 3 6.界面展示7.IBT新托福资料说明——听力部分图片资料名称特点推荐使用方法The Official Study Guide 题目数量不多难度较简单题型全面，和考试相同，质量高精听精做题目分类研究文章精读研究不建议模考ETS TOEFL PRACTICE ONLINE 一共14套，其中新东方引进4套，还有2套是OG题目，其他全部为全真试题难度和考试相当，已经有较全的版本出现题型全面，场景全面精听精做建议最后冲刺模考DELTA 新托福考试备考策略与模拟试题题目数量大，后面有四套模拟试题前面的训练题目文章较短，不是托福模拟听力材料要比考试稍难些，速度也稍快些题型和考试相差很多，不建议细钻精听精做建议考前强化训练对语速跟读模仿DELTA 新托福考试模拟试题题目数量大，有六套模拟试题具体特点同蓝皮delta建议考前模拟对语速跟读模仿BARRON 新托福考试全真模考题与精解题目数量大，后面有7套模拟试题难度偏小，在基础班使用建议平时精听训练KAPLAN模考试题四套有四套模拟试题听力部分略难，语速略快配合模拟光盘，有临考感觉考前模考THOMSON模考试题两套只有两套题，但质量很好，文章难度适中，题目难度和Barron相近，感觉上略难一些，和考试非常相似。
最新出炉的英文版IBT听力讲义（八）
11. Scene XI: interest and extracurricular activityØ activitiesØ voteØ lost weightØ sportingØ Example 1: Sunday’s Run1. What is the main topic of the conversation?A Running and its danger.B Pregnancy and weight.C Marathon for charity.D How to collect money.2. What is the main reason for the woman to have gained a lot of weight?A She had a baby.B She was diagnosed with cancer.C She ate a lot without doing any exercise.D She could not go to a gym due to lack of money.A: Hi, Alison.B: Oh, hi, Julian. Have you been training hard for Sunday’s run for a cure for breast cancer?A: You bet. I have been running three times a week for over an hour each time. It’s great. I can’t believe I’ve gotten to this point so quickly! Only six months ago I would run for five minutes and almost collapse in exhaustion.B: I hear you. I decided to run in this marathon because I needed a motivator to get myself back into shape. During my pregnancy I gained a whopping eighty pounds, and I’m still trying to trim down. Also, I totally believe in the cause. I know so many people who have been touched by the disease.A: Wow! Eighty pounds! That’s nuts! Did you have triplets?B: No, just a big little boy. He was born 9 pounds, 5 ounces. Hey, Julian what inspired you to want to run this weekend?A: Well, a bunch of my running buddies thought it would be a great idea. We all started running at the same time and when we heard that one of the guys’ mothers was diagnosed with cancer, we thought the marathon was something positive we could do as a group. It should be a lot of fun, and I’ve been collecting lots of sponsors from school. So I’ll hopefully make tons of money for the cause.B: That’s so cool, Julian. Hey, I’ve got to dash. I’ll see you at the finish line on Sunday.Ø Example 2: Losing Weight1. What is he man’s main idea about diets?A Diets are unnecessary but exercise and proper nutritional supplements are important.B Neither the Atkins Diet nor nutritional supplements are necessary.C Exercise is really important and supplements and diets are not useful.D Both the Atkins Diet and exercise are important.2. What does the woman think about diets mainly?A Dieting is an easier way to stay fit than exercising.B Exercise and nutritional supplements are also important part when it comes to diets.C Diets are necessary because they help you lose weight.D Diets are better than exercise and supplements can be quite helpful.A: Do I ever need to lose weight! I couldn’t believe the scales when I got on them this morning. I weigh 10 kilos more than I did last year. I am not sure it is because I eat fast food at the university cafeteria all the time or if it is because I no longer belong to the swim club. All my clothes are too tight.B: I have gained a lot of weight myself since starting university. But, I think we are too young to diet. Exercise is the key. I am going to the gym three times a week. I started two weeks ago and have already lost a kilo.A: I think you have to eat the right food and exercise. The Atkins diet really controls what you eat, but my parents lost a ton of weight on it. I’m thinking about gong on it.B: No, I disagree, you can eat whatever you want if you burn it off. Exercise burns calories. If you exercise more, you lose weight. It is that simple.A: Yes, you lose weight, but eating junk food and fast food like I have been doing is also not good for the heart. Diet impacts the body in lots of ways. Sugar is also very bad. I have noticed it impacts my moods. The trouble is ,it seems to take a lot of will power to diet. I just love chocolate. I could eat chocolate bars all day long, but the energy they give me seems to be short lived. I wish I could diet. I started watching what I ate after I gained the first five kilos, but instead of losing that 5 kilos I gained another five. My self-discipline is awful. I live in still get them, and they share, so I am still eating way too many sweets.B: Just exercise more. Almost all the people at the gym are slim and look fit.A: Yes, but just because they are slim, does not mean they are fit. It is important what you put into your body. I read you should have at least 10 servings of fruit and vegetables a day to stay healthy. Also, it is important to eat a lot of fish. We need to start thinking about when we get older. My grandmother has osteoporosis, a really humped back, and her doctor said it was because she didn’t get enough calcium when she was young.B: You worry too much. We are young. Maybe I will start to worry more after I’m in my thirties, right now I’m going to eat what I enjoy and exercise. Exercise is the most important thing for the heart.A: Maybe, but the right food is also important for the heart and many other health issues.B: I like sport drinks for energy. Also I get energy bars that taste like chocolate. And, I take a multivitamin/mineral supplement every day. Having enough iron in your body is especially important for women like you. Supplements are not expensive, and they give you what you need. It’s a lot quicker and easier to take a supplement then to stand over the stove cooking a full meal.A: I am not so sure about supplements being useful. Often, they just pass through your body. It is much better to get your nutrition from eating the right foods. I understand if you are an athlete, you need a little more fat, but just going to work-out in the gym three times a week does not make you an athlete, Paul. I don’t think you really look that much overweight, but I think you should read up on healthy eating.B: Yes, yea, you sound like my mother.A: As I said, diets are very hard to stick to, but sometimes you just have to bite the bullet and set up a proper diet. I have an appointment next week with the college dietician---he will draw me up a daily diet and tell me what to have for breakfast, lunch and dinner seven days a week, I don’t think I will have trouble following it for breakfast and lunch, but mid-afternoon I just can’t stop snacking. Also, I like to eat before I go to bed, which I know isn’t good for you …Nonetheless; I am determined to lose these extra 10 kilos in six months.Ø Example 3: Archeological DigComplete the following table. (Click in the box)ItemsThing that each person must bringThing that a group must bringThing that is optionalA notebook and a penLunch and snacksExtra clothesA pick axeP: O.K. class. We will be visiting the archaeological dig next week. Please bring all appropriate supplies with you.S: Sir, could you please go over the list of supplies that we should have on site?P: Sure. In your kit please have on hand a small notebook for field notes and of course a pen, to write them with. Also, a pick axe, some work gloves. As a group we will have a larger kit that will contain instruments for measuring and cleaning.S: Will the class be cancelled if the weather is poor?P: No, unfortunately not … the dig must go on. Please dress appropriately for the weather. It wouldn’t hurt to pack a change of clothes in case of rain. Remember, we will be outside for most of the day.S: What about food? Is there any store nearby where we can grab a lunch?P: There is a small store not too far from the site. However, it may be wise to pack a lunch and bring extra water and snacks for the day. Also, as a class we should organize car pools as some students may need transportation.S: That’s great. Now there’s nothing holding us back from a successful dig.12. Scene XII: internshipØ look for a jobØ interviewØ make a decisionØ conflict with studyØ attitudeØ Example 1: Stress between Work and Study1. What is the man’s main problem?A He has a sleeping disorder.B He needs money but his part-time job does not pay enough.C He finds it hard to balance between work and study.D He wants to take time off from the work but the manager does not allow him to do so.2. What does the woman mainly suggest the man do at the end of the conversation?A He should take some rest from sleepless nights.B He should quit his part-time job for a while to study for the examination.C He should wait for 20years to learn how to enjoy working.D He should bite the bullet and study hard and work.A: Hi, Stuart. How’s school going?B: Oh, hi, Lisa. School is really, really tough right now; exams are coming up in two weeks.A: Geez, Stuart, you sound stressed. Exams, yes, I used to dread this time of year. I used to cram the night before and hope I was studying the right stuff.B: That’s the hard part of studying last minute; you run out of time, have to pick and choose areas of focus and guess what will be on the exams. It’s always a bit of a gamble. To add more stress I have a part-time job on top of studying!A: Can’t you take some time off from you job, Stuart?B: No, I need the money to help pay my board, I thought I was doing pretty well all term balancing school and work ,but now I’m finding it’s next to impossible finding the time to both study and work. After coming home from my job I have to hit the books for a few hours every night, whether I have the energy or not. Sometimes I just want to go to sleep… I’m so tired!A: Well if it’s any consolation, Stuart, you know it’s not going to last forever, It’s like you just have to find that extra energy to get through it all. Before you know it, you’ve graduated! Twenty years from now you will look back on this time and remember all the fun you had.B: No doubt, thanks, Lisa. I know you’re right. I’ll probably even look back on my menial job with fondness too.。
托福听力讲义_图文
新托福强化听力讲义新托福考试听力部分介绍1. 新托福和旧托福的对比2. 题量，时间，分数3. 题目的考查形式考场环境：独立电脑，耳机，铅笔，草稿本电脑环境：图片，视频，声音，板书新题型：双选题，重听题，表格配对题答题时间：总时间限制，每题分配时间不限答题流程：永不悔改4. 文章材料的考查形式文章结构：删除了旧托福的PART A 部分，更加注重于对于能力的考查文章长度：比旧托福长文章语速：无所谓快慢，比旧托福更加贴近真实的学习生活文章类型：对话，独白，讨论 CONVERSATION 文章思路LECTURE 文章思路第1页5. 新托福考试题型概述第2页第3页6. 界面展示第4页7. IBT 新托福资料说明——听力部分第5页托福听力中的九大语音问题1. 语速问题托福听力过程中的语速问题如何解决语速问题2. 连读问题托福听力过程中的连读问题（1）关键性词语出现连读：否定形式● not at all：The meeting yesterday wasn’t at all boring.（2）常用性词语出现连读● for him连读中的基本规则（1）辅音+元音连读● I was found on the ground by the fountain about a field of a summer stride. ● Not at all. ● Rush hour.● This dictionary is not exactly what I wanted but it will do. ● Travel agency, travel agent（2）辅音+辅音连读● So me money, bike key（3）元音+元音连读● Be on time（4） H 连读● I lent him a book.● Larry is taking a lot of art, isn’t he?● The stuff the nurse gave me seemed to have helped.● I must have left my keys at my sister’s house. ● She learned to use the computer on her own.（5）其他特殊连读● 【t 】+【j 】=【ch 】：meet you, hurt you, that your ● 【d 】+【j 】=【dg 】：would you, hand your, did you ● 【s 】+【j 】=【sh 】：miss you, this year ● 【z 】+【j 】=【g 】：as usual, because you● Example: won ’t you, don ’t you, didn ’t you, haven ’t you, hadn ’t you, wouldn ’t you,weren ’t you, last year, next year, not yet, did you, had you, would you, I advice you, I use your, how’s your如何解决连读问题3. 失爆问题托福听力过程中的失爆问题：【p 】，【b 】，【t 】，【d 】，【k 】，【g 】任意两个连续出现就会发生失爆现象● Sit down, good night, friendly ● -this ca lculator isn’t working right.-I think you’ve got the battery in upside down.如何解决失爆问题4. 略读问题托福听力过程中的略读问题：书写时将两个或多个相邻的单词省略某些字母而连接起来● I am = I’m, you have = you’ve, how is = how’s, that would = that’d ● Doesn ’t, didn’t, shouldn’t, hadn’t, hasn’t, wouldn’t, won’t● Official guide P199：OK. So we’ve talked about some different types of root systems of plants,and I’ve shown you some pretty cool slides, but now I want to talk about the extent of the rot system- the overall size of the root system…the depth.如何解决略读问题● I’m, you’re, she’s, they’re, there’s, he’s, who’s● We ’ve, he’ll, she’d, she’ll, she’s, they’d, they’ve, they’ll ● Can ’t, weren’t, won’t, aren’t, wouldn’t, shouldn’t ● Gotta, gonna5. 弱读问题托福听力过程中的弱读问题（1）介词弱化：● stay at home, do it for fun, come from China, go in the house, a cup of coffee, the train toParis（2）代词弱化：● Phone us when you are free. ● I’ve lost my book.（3）连词弱化：● Please give me some cream and sugar. ● Either Tom or Peter can come.如何解决弱读问题6. 英美音差异问题托福听力过程中的英美音问题（1）【r 】音问题● Idea, really● They weren’t at the dorm last night.(A They went to the dormitory. (B They didn’t go to the dormitory.● -The snow is really coming down, isn’t it?-Rarely do we have so much snow in December. -What does the man mean?(A it is typical December weather for this region.(B such a large amount of snow is unusual for this month.（2）【o 】【a:】● Glass, class, fast ● Hot, box, rock（3）其他情况● Neither如何解决英美音问题● 常见易混音：Course-cause, once more-one small, career-Korea, worse-was, bore-ball,door-doll, core-call, tear-tea, short-shot● 不加儿化音的词：China, Australia, banana, wall● 常见英美音不同读法：Neither, either, record, cupboard, cassette, garage, laboratory, adult,ordinarity, secretary, dictionary7. 词性变音问题托福听力过程中的词性变音问题● Method- methodically● 校园词汇的变音：meterology, economics, geography 如何解决词性变音问题● Company-companion, library-librarian, geography-geographical, ignore-ignorant,photo-photographer-photographic, declare-declaration, economy-economic-economical, invite-invitation, technology-technological, type-typical, wild-wildness8. 缩写问题托福听力过程中的缩写问题● Sitcom ● Chem lab ● prof如何解决词性缩写问题● Intro. Course = introductory course 导论性课 Demo = demonstration 演示Memo =memorandum 备忘录Info. = Information 信息 Expo = exposition 博览会Chem.= chemistry 化学 Comm. = commerce 商业 Tech = technology 技术 Ad.= advertisement 广告Dorm = dormitory 寝室 M.A. = Master of Arts 文学硕士 M.S. = Master of Science 理学硕士 B.A. =Bachelor of Arts文学士 B.S. = Bachelor of Science理学士alga = algebra 代数学、代数 anat = anatomy 解剖学、解剖 archit = architecture 建筑学、建筑 arith = arithmetic 算术、算术 astron= astronomy 天文学、天文eng = engineering工程学、工程 electr = electricity电学、电 fin = finance 财政学、财政 geol = geology 地质学、地质 geom = geometry 几何学、几何 gram = grammar 文法 hist = history历史、史 ling = linguistics语言学、语言 maths = mathematics数学、数学 mech = mechanics 机械学、机械 med = medical医学、医 met = meteorology气象学、气象 myth = mythology 神话 phil = philosophy哲学 phon = phonetics 语言学、语言 photo = photography摄影术、摄影phys = physics物理学、物理 physiol = physiology生理学、生理 pol = politics政治学、政治 psych = psychology心理学、心理9. 数字问题托福听力过程中的数字问题● 逗号原则● 1,234,567,890:● ＝: equal to, the same as ● ≠: difference● ↑: increase, promote, enhance, improve ● ↓: decrease, fall, worsen● ＋: plus, add, besides, moreover ● －: minus, deduct, except ● →: result in, lead to● ←: originate from, date back to● √: correct, good, positive, affirmative ● ×: wrong, bad, mistaken, negative ● ☆: outstanding, elite● ∵: because, owing to, thanks to, since, as● ∴: therefore, consequently, as a result, so, hence ● ∑: total, amount ● γ: government 缩写● able BL: PRB L， RSBL ，DBL ● ing G: SHPG ● tion N: OPTN，NAN ● ment T: AGRMT ● ize Z: RCGNZ，OGNZ ● tive TV: EFCTV，● ful FL: SCFL ● less LS: RGDLS ● ent/ant T: URGT ● al/ial L: ARVL练习Sample Script:American universities have been offering classes online through computers for a number of years. Now, some newly created colleges are offering academic degrees online. One university offers both bachelor’s degrees and master’s degrees. Official say they try to provide students with a social experience as well as an educational one. For example, in some programs, groups of the same six students progress through all their classes together. They communicate by computer. Another online school uses a problem-solving method of teaching. Students attempt to solve real problems in their classes online instead of reading information.Students who have taken online classes say they like them because they do not have to travel to building at a set time to listen to a professor. Professors say they have better communication with students through e-mail notes than they do in many traditional classes.新托福听力文章套路1. 托福听力中的重点原则原则一：大写原则原则二：开头结尾原则：3T-2M 原则原则三：重复原则原则四：转折对比原则原则五：强调原则原则六：比较原则原则七：建议原则原则八：举例原则原则九：现在原则原则十：解释原则原则十一：因果原则原则十二：观点态度原则原则十三：特殊问句原则2. 举例：OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 1——CONVERSATION3. 举例：OFFICIAL GUIDE PRACTICE SET 2——LECTURE1. 课程相关事务场景场景特点：主要涉及到一些和课程相关事项的解决方法。
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学习使人进步心之所向，所向披靡七夕，古今诗人惯咏星月与悲情。
吾生虽晚，世态炎凉却已看透矣。
情也成空，且作“挥手袖底风”罢。
是夜，窗外风雨如晦，吾独坐陋室，听一曲《尘缘》，合成诗韵一首，觉放诸古今，亦独有风韵也。
乃书于纸上。
毕而卧。
凄然入梦。
乙酉年七月初七。
-----啸之记。
新托福听力基础班讲义新托福及听力的基本情况托福基础听力的主要容：⏹新托福听力的基本情况⏹美语语音⏹托福特色场景词汇扩展⏹托福听力基本应试技巧⏹北美校园生活透视新托听力基本形式⏹新答题方式：隔间+电脑+耳机+笔记⏹ 2.答题程序：听读选不可跳跃旧托福：先读，后听，再选。
新托：1.耳机中出现所问题声音，画面上出现题干和相关场景图片。
2.听完整篇文章之前无法预读任何问题或选项。
只得先听，后读，再选。
考题依然延续机考托福的规则，不可看，不可逆，不可改。
⏹ 3.考察题型增多：单选多选图表是非排序⏹ 4.语音形式：美音为主流+国际口音⏹新托福基础听力基本围北美大学真实课堂，教室外的各种交流包括对话和讲座两种类型。
⏹共6篇，做题时间60-90分钟。
每篇在600字左右，时间为3-5分钟。
（注：托福基础课的任务之一即适应托福段子的长度）instructors’ office hours⏹对话人物：教授与学生；⏹对话地点：教师办公室；⏹对话容可为学术讨论或有关询问课程等问题。
对话(2)service encounters 后勤服务⏹对话人物：学生与工作人员；⏹对话地点：校园某办公室；⏹对话容：非学术的询问。
对话(3) student interactions⏹对话人物：学生甲乙；⏹对话地点：教室以外相遇；⏹对话容：学术讨论；非学术讨论托福听力考试基本容之讲座LECTURE容:天文、地理、生物、历史等等也都是托福惯用的测试容。
形式：有的是教授”独白“有的是教授演讲中夹杂学生提问、教授提问。
新托福听力新特点l．整个铲除了容易丢分的笔试小对话，没有过的的俚语俗语.举例：You bet. I am out of here.2. 允许考生记笔记。
因祸得福，既然要记笔记，语速自然放慢；特别是重听题，大概有2-3题，通常问Listen again and then answer the question “why does the professor say this？”4.新托福关键的难词和术语显示在屏幕上，使考生心里踏实不少。
出题人很sweet 。
Invigilator 监考老师Fertilizer 肥料Fisical policy 财政政策Mummification 木乃伊化小试牛刀见招拆招：我们要解决的问题⏹ 1.大致听懂⏹语音能力⏹语速适应⏹词汇能力⏹场景熟悉问题:大致听懂<语音能力+词汇能力+场景熟悉>对策:适应速度，磨练耳朵。
1.掌握美音发音特点，注意连读、吞音、音变；2.速度跟不上，听起来跟一锅粥似的。
3. 听不懂，是生词太多，即便语速再慢，还是不知所云。
4.背景不熟悉：project进阶和强化阶段解决的问题⏹ 2.合理笔记⏹记什么⏹怎么记⏹ 3.准确做题⏹掌握出题规律⏹做题技巧⏹笔记:听记练习准确做题:解决方法:掌握出题规律，一边听，一边判断出什么地方有题；掌握听力基本技巧。
辨别句子中的重点词、重读词、反复重复的词；熟练掌握语气语调，判断态度和立场；听的问题：语音语速方面⏹语速⏹ 1.正常语速⏹ 2. 模仿跟读⏹ 3.“隔音罩”和“忠祥”⏹1.何谓正常语速？以英语为母语的人口中说出的句子即为正常语速。
托福听力之所以科学是因为它还原了语言交际的真实性，真实生活中语言是怎样被运用的，那么听力试题当中语言就是怎样被考察的。
2.我们不如翻看原文，跟着录音不断的模仿，勇敢的跟读，大胆的超越，直到你读的跟它一样快了，那么语速的问题就迎刃而解了！3.永远都不要期待和别人用英文交流的时候会有个隔音罩从天而降，隔绝外界一切噪音，也永远不要奢望对方会用忠祥一般磁性而又清晰语音让你听清每一个单词的发音。
美语的特殊语音现象⏹ 1.连读⏹ 2.音变⏹ 3.弱读⏹ 4.爆破连读连读，指的是词与词之间交界的两个音经常连在一起，发音好像连成一个较长的单词。
有助于完整意义的表达，并使整句话有强烈的粘着感，体现句子的整体性，反应了美语的自然流畅。
生活中的语言都是语流，不可能一字一顿，大量的连读是情理之中。
⏹辅音和元音连读⏹ran out of money 没钱了⏹Come on in 快进来⏹fit it in 装进去⏹Fill out this application form 填表⏹call it today 到此为止辅音连读--失音现象⏹前一个单词的结尾辅音和后一个单词的开头辅音相同时，合并成一个音，同时发音延长。
⏹Like candy⏹Big girl⏹Some money⏹Up side down元音的连读⏹元音和元音相连时，中间不可停顿，必须一气呵成。
（由一个元音向另一个元音滑动）⏹I am⏹Grow up⏹爆破音+辅音⏹美语中六个爆破音：b p d t g h⏹爆破音⏹Ma 是最简单的，两个最简单的音素⏹ba 后学会，就在于它是有点技术含量的爆破音。
⏹⏹爆破音发音：由block +release 即“堵住+释放”构成⏹失爆现象：爆破音+辅音，这个爆破音就失去爆破，即不吐气⏹爆破音+辅音⏹Lap top⏹Good time⏹Cardboard⏹Big change⏹爆破音H⏹Isn’t he⏹I just hope⏹Just stick aroud here⏹If i see herT的浊化⏹WATER⏹Letter⏹Liter几组固定音变⏹d+u would u \ could u \ did u⏹t +u what about u last year \ hurt yourself⏹s +u miss u \this year弱读规则⏹T 读快了会演变成|N | 的发音⏹WANT TO _WANNA⏹GOING TO _GONNA缩读新托福听力中有大量口语素材，发音时为了达到流畅柔（smoothly and softly ）的效果，会省略某些发音缩读的方式约定俗成，不可滥用⏹And ——‘n rock ‘n roll⏹You —— ya⏹got you —— gotchya⏹B ecause ‘cause⏹How does how’s⏹Let me lem’me alone .小结：⏹连读、音变⏹失音、失爆⏹弱读、缩读、⏹音变、浊化⏹连读和失爆是重中之重，可以说是无处不在。
语音部分的练习方法举例：读两遍到三遍Aren’t you Jackie Chan? 音变I am a bi(g) fan of ya . 失去爆破，连读Could you please give me your signiture an（d） have a pi（c）ture with me？音变，缩读，失去爆破美音发音练习方法总结1.听原文2.看原文3.要划读音现象——知其然和所以然，建立长期记忆。
4.跟读模仿每次放两遍讲解层次：1.分析划已学过的语音特色2.题目中的特色短语，特色语法3.考点分析，托福考试出题思路点拨实践和理论相结合基本听力技巧⏹出题思路⏹解题方法⏹记笔记的方法托福听力出题原则和解题技巧⏹【原则一basic comprehension：理解 main ideas和supportingdetails 】50 %左右的题目⏹问题模式：What is the lecture mainly about？⏹请听录音:托1曲2 SUNDAY’ RANWhat is the professor mainly discussing？解题思路分析：⏹6个段子基本每一个都包含都有1个关于主要容的问题见招拆招：技巧:西方人思维方法和语言模式分析:一通百通Dear John Letter分手信中国女孩不知道你这几天过的好不好？——你为啥不联系我绕来绕去我这两天什么也没干，书也看不进去，饭也吃不下。
——你不联系我，我做什么都没劲想起几个月前，你对我如此体贴，从不让我伤心难过。
——你现在怎么会这么没良心啊正话反说上个礼拜我可能措辞太过激烈，但都是因为我在乎你，可是你竟然不能体会，还大发脾气，真是伤透了我的心。
——终于说道正题了含蓄表达我真的好恨你啊！——戛然而止，留下无穷回味⏹思维：⏹绕来绕去⏹正话反说⏹含蓄表达⏹隽永曲折中文语言模式：⏹特点：讲述式-story telling （以前，上礼拜，现在的时间发展顺序）⏹表现：线性结构linear structure美国女孩⏹Dear Tom ,⏹I hate you! Topic sentences⏹⏹Your yelling at me last week made me down.reason 1⏹And you were so close to Mary that you helped her with her essayinstead of hanging out with me ,which was unbearable for me.reason 2⏹During my birthday ,no gift from you at all .reason 3⏹So I really hate you ,and wanna see you no more in my life time.Conclusion西方语言模式：⏹特点：逻辑式 logic analysis⏹结构：金字塔结构⏹Topic sentence+supporting sentences +conclusion主旨题目必杀技：（此法适用于阅读，写作，口语）⏹注重开始的引言、介绍和反复出现的短语 topic sentence 和keywords⏹再听一遍托1曲2的第1.2句托福听力出题原则和解题技巧⏹【原则二】实际交流理解力 (Pragmatic Understanding) (25%左右的题目)⏹注重说话者的语气、目的和态度。
⏹需要考生能概括说话者的目的，确定说话人的感情基调。
⏹托2曲2 Mistake 64页⏹【原则三】综合理解能力 (Connecting Information) (25%左右的题目)⏹总体上考查考生的概括和推论的能力⏹举例段子：you should hand in your paper now.⏹What is the relationship between the man and woman？把握词汇是听懂的前提!⏹基础阶段要解决“听懂”的问题⏹提高听力水平，词汇量的扩展首当其冲。
正所谓：巧妇难为无米⏹故．要想听懂句子，必先抓住词汇⏹背诵与记忆掌握特色词汇,把握场景!⏹抓若干关键词汇.⏹确定对话场景，消除陌生感⏹根据正常逻辑迅速做出判断TOEFI，考试是针对那些申请到美国、加拿大和欧洲等上大学和人研究生院的非英语国家学生而设置的。