第三讲： 代词

第三讲：常考专题代词

一、人称代词

1.人称代词的主格、宾格，表格如下：

数人称

格

单数复数

一二三一二三

主格I you She, he, it we you they 宾格me you her , him , it us you them 人称代词的主格在句中充当主语。

I love my country. She is a good student.

人称代词的宾格在句中充当动词、介词的宾语或表语。

I don’t know her.His mother is waiting for him outside.

—Who is it? —It’s me.

3. 人称代词的语序

几个人称代词并列充当主语时，他们的顺序是：

单数形式（二、三、一）you, he and I 复数形式（一、二、三）we, you and they

二、物主代词

1. 物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，表格如下：

数

人称

词义类型

单数复数

一二三一二三我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的

形容词性my your his her its our your their

名词性mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs

2. 形容词性物主代词在句中做定语修饰名词，一般不单独使用。

His parents are both office workers. My name is Jack

3. 名词性物主代词常用来避免前面已提及的名词，相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”。

— This is my dictionary. Where is yours? —It’s over there, on the bed.

My idea is quite different from hers.

4. 名词性物主代词可用在of后面作定语，相当于“of+名词所有格”，表示带有部分概念或有一定的感情色彩。

He is a friend of mine. (我的一个朋友)

三、反身代词

1. 反身代词的单复数形式表格如下：

数

人称

单数复数

第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己

第二人称Yourself你自己yourselves你们自己

第三人称himself他自己

herself她自己

他们自己

themselves 她们自己

itself它自己它们自己

2. 反身代词的用法

The little boy is too young to look after himself. (作宾语) I hope you can enjoy yourselves at the party. (作宾语)

The children made model planes themselves. (作同位语) Please help yourself to some fish. (作宾语)

3. 反身代词的常用词组

teach oneself 自学learn by oneself 自学enjoy oneself 过得愉快，玩得高兴

help oneself to 随便吃……come to oneself 苏醒hurt oneself 受伤by oneself 亲自

四、指示代词

1. 指示代词表格如下：

单数this that

复数that those

2. 指示代词的用法

（1）this / these

①近指。This is my pen. These are my books.

②指下文要提到的事。Please remember this: No pains, no gains.

(2) that / those

①远指。That’s her bike.

②. 指前面刚刚提到过的事He was ill. That was why he didn’t go to school.

3. 打电话时用this介绍自己，that询问对方。

This is Mike speaking. 我是麦克。Who’s that? 你是谁？

五、疑问代词的用法。

疑问代词主要用法例句

who 作主语、表语、宾语（作宾语时在口语中不能放

在介词后）

Who wants to go with me?

Who are you talking?

whom who的宾格形式，作宾语Whom are you talking? / To whom are you talking?

whose who的所有格形式，作主语、表语、宾语、定语Whose book is this?

what / who what询问某人的职业

— W hat’s your father?

— He is a worker.

who 询问某人的身份、姓名

— Who is the boy under the tree?

— He is Li Ming.

what / which what指不定数目中的“哪一个，那一些；什么”，

没有一定范围的限定

— Who is the boy under the tree?

— He is Li Ming.

which “哪一个”，指在一定范围内特指的人或物What would you like?

课堂练习

一、用适当的代词填空。

1. I make ______ (they, their, theirs, them) for workers.

2. The factory is very near ______ (I , my, me, mine) house.

3. What does ______ (Mr Green, Mr Green’s )do?

4. I want to buy ______ (some, any) food for supper this evening.

5. Sorry, you can’t have ______ (some, any) eggs.