英语B级考试语法
大学英语B级语法 重点
大学英语B级统考之语法概要动词的根本时态A. 知识要点1．一般现在时态动词形式为do 或does 〔第三人称单数〕。
通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. He always goes to school by bike.他总是骑车去上学。
2．一般过去时态动词形式为did. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。
e.g. I bought this computer five years ago.我在五年前买了这台电脑。
3．一般将来时态动词形式为will do/ shall do /be going to do. 表达在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. The telephone is ringing. I will answer it. 在响，我去接。
4．现在进行时态动词形式为is/am/are+ doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。
e.g. The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丧失的孩子。
5．过去进行时态动词形式为was/were + doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
〔主语是I，she，he 时用was〕e.g. Jane burnt her hand when she was cooking the dinner.当简在煮晚饭时她的手被烧伤了。
6．现在完成时态动词形式为have / has done，常与already，recently，never，ever, yet，since连用。
用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作。
e.g. The milk has already become undrinkable 牛奶已经不能喝了。
B级语法
后面接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。 使役动词make, have, let 和感官动词see, watch, look at, hear, taste, listen to, sound, feel, smell, think, observe, notice, find… I saw the man leave the building.
1. 省略if的虚拟条件句中的倒装 Had you been more careful, you would have succeeded. Were it fine tomorrow, we would go shopping. 2. 在so, nor, neither开头的句子中，作“同 样（不），也（不）”的意思，要用倒装语 序。 I didn‟t go to school yesterday, neither did my sister.
五： 让步状语从句 1）though, although 注意： 当有though, although时，后面的从句不 能有but，但是和yet可连用。 Although it„s raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。 Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 （谚语） 2）ever if, even though. 即使 We‟ll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 3）as, though 引导的倒装句 Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
大学英语B级考试语法
大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语B级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单、复数之分。
1．不可数名词只用单数形式。
如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。
如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。
Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。
很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。
（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。
1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。
a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。
如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。
通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。
如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。
英语b级语法、词组、单词集合
大学英语语法词汇词组集合大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语三级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A.知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单、复数之分。
1．不可数名词只用单数形式。
如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。
如：apieceofnews （一条新闻）；twopiecesofadvice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’sroom；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：thestudents’hall,通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词,如：thewindowoftheclassroom.B．例题讲解Whatabeautifulhouse!Especiallytherearemany______.A.furnitureB.furnituresC.piecesoffurnitureD.piecesoffurnitures 解析：此题考查名词的单复数。
Furniture为不可数名词，后面不能加s。
很多家具用manypiecesoffurniture，因此答案为C。
（二）冠词A.知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。
1.不定冠词:a/an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。
a用在辅音开头的词前，an 用在元音开头的词前。
如：anEnglishteacher/asecondyear一位老师/又一年；2.定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。
通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。
如：thebestseason最好的季节/thefirstlady第一夫人/theearth地球/playthepiano弹钢琴；3.不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。
大学英语B级语法重点.pdf
大学英语 B 级统考之语法概要e.g. He always goes to school by bike. 他总是骑车去上学。
2．一般过去时态finish, avoid, enjoy, mind, insist on等：e.g. He has finished doing his work. 他已经干完了他的工作。
not 来组成。
如果非谓语动词表示的动作发在主要谓“（should）+动词原形would （或might ）e.g. Hard as she studied, she failed in thisexamination.⋯(when ⋯), scarcely ⋯(when ⋯), no soonThe fact that Ann was late didn不重要。
（主语从句）it 作形式主语或形式宾语。
who 指人作主语whom作宾语（可省）作主语/宾语（作宾语时可省）作定语①先行词为all, anything, something 等不定代词时,只能用first, last, next, only 等修饰词时,只能用that。
e.g. He was one of the greatest scientists that everlived.（1）When she woke up, she found everybody had gone.她醒来时,她发现大家都走了。
（时间状语从句）（2）Don’t try to get on the train until / till it stops.等火车停下来再上车。
（时间状语从句）。
高等学校英语应用能力考试B级语法历年真题 分类整理
（一）时态和语态1、一般现在时1. We won’t be able to leave the office until the rain ______. (05.6)A. will stopB. stopsC. stoppedD. is stopping2. If you ________smoking and drinking, your health will improve soon. (04.6)A. gave upB. give upC. had given upD. will give up3. There are two doors, one of which ________ to the living room and the other to the kitchen. (03.6)A. leadsB. to leadC. leadingD. led4. Now the number of people who are working at home on the internet (be)________still very small. (08.6)5. David will go on holiday as soon as he (finish)_______the project. (07.12)6. As soon as the result (come)_______ out, I’ll let you know. (07.6)7. We usually (go)_______abroad for our holiday, but this year we are staying at home. ((05.6)8. Both of the twin brothers (be) _______capable of doing technical work at present. (04.6)9.In this museum a guided tour for you at no charge.(13.12)A. being provideB. is providedC. to provideD. provides2、一般过去时I wish I could have attended the job fair yesterday, but I _________ it.(14.12)A.missedB. missC. would missD. will missThe Prize in Economics (establish) _________ in 1968, that is, more than half a century ago.(14.6)Last month I went to Germany and (take) _________ part in the World Skills Competition.(13.12)A water power station (build) _________ in the area several years ago.(12.12)The staff members were asked to arrive a few minutes earlier before the meeting _________.(12.12).A.will startB. startsC. startedD. would startYesterday I (receive) _________ an email from one of our suppliers about the order. (12.6)After the lecture yesterday, they (realize) _________ how important company culture was. (11.12)It was only yesterday that the chief engineer (email) _________ us the details of information about the project. (10.12)1. She didn’t receive the application form; it _______to the wrong address. (07-6)A. sentB. be sentC. was sentD. being sent2．The manager was surprised at the news when he (receive) _____ the phone call yesterday. (10.6)3. John has worked as a sales manager since he (join) ________ this company in 2002. (09.12)4. It is reported that foreign car sales in the country (rise) _______ by 8% last year. (09.6)5. It (announce) ________ yesterday that the game was to start in a week. (09.6)6. We are pleased to learn that that problem (solve)______ at yesterday’s meeting. (08.12)7. This picture (take)________by a young reporter in Beijing last month. (08-6)8. Last year, customers (buy)________a total of 90 million iPods and 2 billion songs from the iTunes store. (07-12)9. Yesterday, the secretary (give)_______the task to make arrangements for the annual meeting. (07-12)10. Jane (praise)______many times by the general manager when she was working as the office secretary. (05-12)11. Hardly had we gathered in the square when it (begin)_______to rain. (05-1)12. Sixty people (employ)________in this big factory last year. (04-6)13. As soon as I (get)_______home, it started to rain heavily. (03-12)3、一般将来时I _________ in touch with you as soon as I receive more details from the manager.(13.12)A.amB. will beC. wasD. have beenThe business talk _________ next week when the CEO of your company comes.(13.6)A.was heldB. is being heldC. will be heldD. has been held.When we get his telephone number, we (tell) _________ you immediately.(11.12)The final decision (make) __________ by the team leader next week. (2010.12)1. Most of the machines in the workshop ________next month. （05-6）A. are repairedB. have been repairedC. were repairedD. will be repaired2. The goods that you ordered ten days ago will(deliver) _____ to you tomorrow．（10.6）3. When you arrive tomorrow, my secretary (meet) ________ you at the airport.（09.12）4. If you smoke in this non-smoking area, you will (fine)______$5. ( 07-6)5. Next week we (sign)_________ the sales contract with the new supplier. (06-6)4、现在进行时无5、过去进行时I ________ at 130 kilometers per hour when the policeman stopped me. （08.12）A. had drivenB. have drivenC. driveD. was driving6、现在完成时1. This article is well written because special attention ______to the choice of words and style of writing. (06.12)A. had been paidB. has been paidC. will be paidD. will have been paid2. I (work) ___________in the Human Resources Department for five months since I joined the company. (05.12)3. Up till now I (spend) ____________a great deal of money on books, magazines and newspapers. (03.6)4. In these five years, the foundation (基金会) (collect) ____________a large amount of money. (03.6)5. The company (employ) ____________more than 50 IT engineers since last year. (13.6)6. Up till now, he (work) ____________on software designing for 10 years. (12.12)7、过去完成时We were excited to learn that the last month’s sales _________ by 30%. (2010.12)A. had increasedB. increaseC. are increasingD. have increased1. Hardly __________ at the office when the telephone rang. (09.6)A. I arrivedB. I had arrivedC. did I arriveD. had I arrived2. Never _____such a good boss before I came to this company. (06.12)A. do I meetB. had I metC. I metD. I had met3. The policeman stopped the driver and found that he _______alcohol. (06.6)A. drinksB. has drunkC.is drinkingD. had drunk8、将来完成时1. By this time next year my family (live)_______in this small town for 20 years. (06.12)2. By the end of this year, they ____________a new program in europe. (11.6)A. had startedB. startC. are startingD. will have started3. We ____________building the bridge by the end of next month. (11.12)A. are finishingB. have finishedC. would finishD. will have finished(二)被动语态1. The machine should (test) ____________before it is put to use. (11.12)2. It’s announced that the lunch time will (shorten) ____________from one hour to 45 minutes. (12.6)3. We are informed that the company meeting will (hold) ____________ next Saturday afternoon. (13.12)（三）形容词和副词的比较级和最高级John is the (good) _______ engineer we have ever hired in our department. (2010.12)1. Mary says this is the ________decision she has ever made in her career life. (05.6)A. badB. worstC. worseD. badly2. The _______ the proposal is considered, the worse it appears. (03.12)A. carefullyB. much carefullyC. most carefullyD. more carefully3. Experienced drivers have _______accidents than beginners. (03.6)A. leastB.littleC. fewerD. few4. Gas prices are(high) _____ here than in other parts of the country．(10.6)5. The film turned out to be (successful) ________ than we had expected. (09.12)6. Some people think (much) ________ about their rights than their duties. (09.6)7. This question is (difficult) _______ than the one I have answered. (08.12)8. Because light travels (fast) ________than sound, lightning is seen before thunder(雷) is heard. (08.6)9. The more careful you are, the (well) _______you will be able to complete the work. (07.6)10. It is fact that traditional meals are (healthy) _______than fast foods. (06.12)11. Of all the hotels in the city, this one is the (good) _________. (06.6)12. The survey shows that green food is becoming (popular) ________than traditional food. (05.12)13. One can jump (high) _______on the moon than on the earth. (05.1)14. John is the (clever) _______student I have ever taught. (04.6)15. I want to rent a new apartment that is (comfortable) ________than this one. (03.12)（四）非谓语动词1、动词不定式和动名词1. It is no use (try) ____________ to advertise so much if you don’t know the users’ needs. (13.12)2. You should remember (lock) ____________ the door when leaving the office. (13.12)3. We all like your idea of using the money (build) ____________ a primary school. (13.6)4. No one (allow) ____________ to take any reading materials out of the reading room. (13.6)5. The machine suddenly stopped (work) ____________ because of the power cut. (13.6)6. I feel it is my responsibility ____________ you of our decision. (12.12)A. InformB. to informC. informingD. informed7. They are now looking for a new way of (treat) ____________ the rare disease. (12.12)8. The tour guide marked some places of interest on the map for us (visit) ____________.(12.12)9. To ____________the truth, I really didn’t know anything about yesterday’s meeting.A. doB. tellC. putD. take10.You’d better (give) ________ me a call before you come to visit us. (2010.12)We can arrange for your car to (repair) ____________ within a reasonable period of time. (2010.12)1. I feel it’s a great honor for me _____ to this party. (10.6)A. to inviteB. inviteC. having invitedD. to be invited2. Don’t _____ me to help you if you are not working hard. (10.6)A. guessB. speakC. planD. expect3. You’d better ___________advice before making a project plan. (09.6)A. put downB. take inC. turn out D) ask for4. She told us briefly about how they succeeded in ________ the new product. (09.6)A) develop B) to develop C) developed D) developing5. We talked for more than three hours without _____ a cup of tea.(08.12)A. to haveB. havingC. haveD. had6. She told us briefly about how they succeeded in _______the new product. (08.12)A. developB. to developC. developedD. developing7. The small company is ______to handle this large order. (07.12)A. ableB. probableC. reasonableD. possible8. As far as I’m concerned, I don’t like ________in that way. (06.6)A. to be treatedB. to treatC. treatedD. treating9. Mary found_______ extremely difficult to pass the examination. (05.12)A.itB.thisC. thatD. what10. She tried hard, but she still couldn’t make us _______our mind. (05.12)A. to changeB. changedC. changeD. changing11. I am looking forward to _____ from you as soon as possible. (05.12)A. hearB. be hearingC. hearingD. having heard12. ______is quite difficult for Mary to pass the interview. (05.6)A. WhatB. ThisC. ThatD.It13. If I work in a small factory, it is not ______for me to gain much experience. (05.6)A. weeklyB. friendlyC. likelyD. lively14. More and more trucks are seen _______ between these two towns these days. (05.1)A. runB. to runC. be runningD. being run15. You’d better ________ the whole article at once. (04.6)A. copyB. copyingC. to copyD. copied16. The father was delighted to hear the child ______that. (03.6)A. to sayB. to have saidC. sayD. said17. Now many young people spend several hours a day (talk) _____ on a mobile phone. (10.6)18. Advances in medical technology have made it possible for people (live) _____ longer. (10.6)19. Readers are not allowed (bring) ________ food and drinks into the Library at any time. (09.12)20. We are looking forward to (work) ________ with you in the future. (09.12)21. No reader is allowed (take) any reference book out of the reading-room. (09.6)22. We’ve only got one day in Paris, so we’d better (make)_____the b est use of the time. (09.6)23. I want (point out)________that a decision about the matter must be made at once. (08.12)24. No student is allowed (play) _______basketball in the classroom.25. It took several weeks to get used to (drive)__________ on the left side of the road in London. (08.6)26. My father is a sports fan and he enjoys (swim) ______very much. (07.12)27. It is quite difficult for me (decide)_____who should be given the job. (07.6)28. If your credit(信誉) is good, you will be allowed (use)_______the credit card. (06.6)29. That new film is worth (see)______for the second time. (06.6)30. Mark was a little upset, for the manager didn’t allow him (take) ______his holiday the following week. (05.6)31. Some American businessmen in China are spending a lot of time in (learn)_______Chinese. (05.6)32. Please remember (lock) the door when you leave. (05.1)33. No student is supposed (spend) ______so much money in school in a week. (04.6)34. When Jenny came to Britain, she had to get used to (drive) ______on the left. (04.6)35. It is never late for anyone (learn) ______. (03.12)36. Did you have any difficulty (get) _________ a visa in Britain? (03.12)37. I wondered why the boy often avoided (talk) ________with his classmates. (03.6)2、分词We have received your letter of May 10th, (inform) _________ us of the rise of the price. (2010.12)1. Before ________ for the job, you will be required to take a language test. (10.6)A. applyB. applyingC. appliedD. to apply2. Customers consider location as the first factor when _______ a decision about buying a house. (07.12)A. makeB. madeC. to makeD. making3. The general manager sat there, _______to the reporter from each department. (07.6)A. to listenB. listenC. being listenedD. listening4. Price is not the only thing customers consider before_______ what to buy. (06.12)A. decidingB.decidedC. to decideD. having decided5. While ______ in London, the young engineer picked up some English. (05.1)A. stayingB.stayC. stayedD. to stay6. Location is the first thing customers consider when ______to buy a house. (08.6)A. planningB. plannedC. to planD. having planned7. The visitors were (disappoint) ________ to find the museum closed when they rushed there. (09.12)8. The hotel, (build) _________ 100 years ago, still looks new. (08.12)9. Thank you for your letter of November 15, (invite) ________ us to the trade fair on December 10. (08.12)10. Thank you for your letter of April 15, (tell) _____us about Mr. John Brown’s visit to our company on May 10.(07.12)11. They talked to him for hours, (try) ______to persuade him to change his mind. (06.12)12. When we arrived, there was a smell of cooking (come) ______from the kitchen. (06.12)13. (work)______as a team, the foreign and Chinese engineers cooperated closely and successfully. (05.12)14. The railway station was crowded with people (say) ________goodbye to their friends and relatives. (05.12)15. (see) ______ from the top of the hill, the village is very beautiful. (05.6)16. The problem (discuss) _______at the meeting yesterday has not been solved yet. (05.1)17. Give the application to the man (sit) _____ at the desk, please. (03.12)18. I noticed that there was a man (draw) ______pictures on the ground. (03.6)19.They didn’t follow the new rules (make) ____________ by the company. (12.12)（四）状语从句The company has been producing this model of machine tool _________2008. (2010.12)A. sinceB. afterC. forD. before1．_____ his lecture is short，it gives us a clear picture of the new program．(10.6)A. IfB. BecauseC. AlthoughD. When2. He was speaking so fast ________ we could hardly follow him. (09.12)A. whatB. asC. butD. that3. Please call me back ________ you see this message. (09.12)A. as well asB. as early asC. as far asD. as soon as4. ________ the rain stops before 12 o’clock, we will have to cancel the game. (09.12)A. AsB. SinceC. WhileD. Unless5. Before ________ for the job, you will be required to take a language test. (09.12)A. applyB. applyingC. appliedD. to apply6. Hardly __________ at the office when the telephone rang. (09.6)A. I arrivedB. I had arrivedC. did I arriveD. had I arrived7. We’ll have to continue the discussion tomorrow __________we can make a final d ecision today. (09.6)A. unlessB. becauseC. whenD. since8. They had talked only for a few minutes ______ they found they were of different opinions. (2008.12)A. although B because C. before D once9. Location is the first thing customers consider when ______to buy a house. (2008.6)A. planningB. plannedC. to planD. having planned10. It has been quite a long time_______ the two companies established a business relationship. (2007.12)A. although B because C. if D since11. I did n’t answer the phone ______ I didn’t hear it ring. (2007.6)A. ifB. unlessC. althoughD. because12. Price is not the only thing customers consider before_______ what to buy. (2006.12)A. decidingB. decidedC. to decideD. having decided13. David has ______much work to do that he is staying late at his office. (2006.6)A. suchB. soC. veryD. enough14. Lisa was busy taking notes ______Mark was searching the Internet for the information. (2006.6)A. until B .unless C. while D. if15. We won’t be able to leave the office until the rain _________ .(2005.6)A will stopB stopsC stoppedD is stopping16. The machine will continue to make much noise ______we have it repaired. (2004.6)A. whenB. becauseC. ifD. unless17. If you ______smoking and drinking, your health will improve soon. (2004.6)A. gave upB. give upC. had given upD. will give up18. It makes no difference to me ________ Mr. smith will come or not.( 2003 .12 )A . whenB whetherC thatD how19. Don’t worry.________ you work hard , you are sure to pass the exam.(2003.6 )A. As much asB. As well asC. As long as D as soon as20. As soon as the result (come)_______ out, I’ll let you know.(comes) (2007.6)21. Hardly had we gathered in the square when it ( begin ) _______ to rain. (2005.12)（五）虚拟语气If more money had been invested, we ________ a factory in Asia. (2010.12)A. will set upB. have set upC. would have set upD. had set up1. If I hadn’t attended an important meeting yesterday, I ______ to see you. (08.6)A. will have comeB. would have comeC. have comeD. had come2. If I _____ that your business was growing so rapidly, I wouldn’t have been worried about it. (07.12)A. knowB. knewC. had knownD. have known3. Look at this clock! It’s time ________work. (06.12)A.we startedB.we’ll startC.we’re startingD.we have started4. The manager required that all the employees _____at the office before 9:00 in the morning. (05.12)A.will arriveB.arriveC.arrivedD.have arrived5. It is important that the committee ______ about the project at once. (03.12)A. will be informedB. be informedC. is informedD. being informed6. I didn’t go with them to the beach yesterday. But I do wish I _____ there. (03.6)A. have beenB. had beenC. wasD. am7. If the engineer(come) _____ here yesterday，the problem would have been solved. (10.6)8. The adviser recommended that Mary (start) ______ the training program as soon as possible. (09.6)9. We demand that the tour guide (tell) _______us immediately about any change in the schedule. (08.12)10. The doctor recommended that Mary (start) ____________ the health program as soon as possible. (08.6)11. If I (be) _____ you, I wouldn’t ask such a silly question. (07.6)12. If the team members hadn’t helped me, I (fail)_______________in the last experiment. (05.6)13. I suggested that he (call)__________ on the director a week later. (05.1)14. The chairman required that every speaker (limit)_____________ himself to fifteen minutes. (04.6)15. If I (not drink) ___________________ so much coffee yesterday afternoon, I would have been able to sleep well lastnight. (03.12)（六）定语从句Have you read our letter of December 18, in ________ we complained about the quality of your product? (2010.12)A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which1．Please give us the reason ____ the goods were delayed. (10.6)A. whyB. whichC. whatD. how2. Young people now live a life-style ___________their parents could hardly dream of. (09.6)A. whichB. whyC. whenD. where3. The new model of the car was put into production in 2007, ______helped to provide another 1,400 jobs. (08.6)A. thatB.whenC. whatD. which4. Life is more enjoyable to people ______ are open to new ideas. (07.12)A. whoseB.whomC. whoD. which5. It is necessary to find an engineer ________ has skills that meet your needs.（07.6）A. whomB.whichC. whoseD. who6. Few people ______ applied for the position meet the requirements of the company.（05.12）A. whomB.whoC. whatD. whose7. We all think that John is the only candidate_______will get the job. (05.6)A. whomB.whoseC. whoD. whoever8. We were talking about the American tourist______ we met during our trip to the Great Wall.（05.1）A. whatB.whichC. whoseD. whom9. The old man has two daughters, ______are doctors. (04.6)A. both of themB.both of whomC. both whoD. they both10. On April 1st they flew to Beijing______they stayed several years.（03.6）A. whenB.whereC. whichD. there（七）名词性从句1. There is no doubt ____ he is a good employee．(2010.6)A. asB. whoC. thatD. whats2. What he told me to do was ______ I should get fully prepared before the interview. (08.6)A. whatB. ifC. whichD. that3. The manager showed the new employee _______ to find the supplies. (06.12)A. whatB.whereC. thatD. which4. The fact ______ Mary was late for the meeting again made me angry. (05.6)A. thatB.whyC. whatD. which5. It make no difference to me _______Mr. Smith will come or not. (03.12)A. whenB.howC. thatD. whether（八）情态动词1. I can’t find the key to my office. I _______have lost it on my way home.（2006.6）A. wouldB. shouldC. mustD. ought to2. I’m going to attend the conference, but you ____ with me.（2005.1）A. needn’t to goB. don’t need goC. needn’t goD. needn’t going3. You’d better ____ the whole article at once.（2004.6）A. copyB. copyingC. to copyD. copied4. We’ve only got one day in Paris，so we’d better(make)____the best use of the time. (09.6)5. The new machine ought to (test) ____ before it is put to use.（2006.6）6. Nothing can (do) ____ unless we are given more information about the situation. (2004.12)7. The little child dare not (walk) _______in the forest alone. (2003.6)（九）主谓一致1. It (announce)__________ yesterday that the game was to start in a week. (09.6)2. We are pleased to learn that that problem (solve)_________ at yesterday’s meeting. (08.12)3. Now the number of people who are working at home on the internet (be)________still very small. (08.6)4. Jane, as well as some of her classmates, (work) _______in the Quality Control Department now. (06.12)5. The number of sales people who have left the company (be) _______very small. (06.6)6. The professor, as well as his assistants, (do) ________the experiment in the lab forty hours a week. (05.12)7. Both of the twin brothers (be) _______capable of doing technical work at present. (04.6)（十）倒装句1. Hardly __________ at the office when the telephone rang. (09.6)A. I arrivedB.) I had arrivedC.did I arriveD. had I arrived2. Never _________such a good boss before I came to this company. (06.12)A. do I meetB. had I metC. I metD. I had met3. So loudly _________ that the audience in the back heard him clearly. (05.1)A. does he speakB. did he speakC. he speaksD. he spoke4. Seldom _______my boss in such good mood (心情) since I came to work in this company. (04.6)A. I sawB. I have seenC. have I seenD. do I see（十一）强调句1. It was two years ago _____ his sister became a doctor．(2010.6)A. thatB. whereC. whoD. what2. It was in the year of 2002___________they set up a branch company in China. (09.6)A. asB. thatC. whatD. which3. It was in China ______the agreement was signed. (03.12)A. thatB. whichC. whereD. what。
英语应用能力考试B级考试语法点
名词具体指导名词在句中多用来作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
在英语应用能力考试中，要求考生根据题意把括号里所给的词变成名词，所填词多出现在句尾或句首：1 ．所填词的特征①前有物主代词如my , his，their, our, your, its等；②前有冠词如a, an, the；③前有形容词如large，clever，foolish等；④前有冠词＋形容词如that ancient，the clever等；⑤前有不定代词many, much, a few ，a little，several等。
2 ．所填词多为抽象名词或表示人的名词。
如decision，illness，protection等常见名词后缀：1 ．表示人的名词后缀① –al crime criminal a. 1. 犯罪的,犯法的2. 刑事上的[Z][B] 3. 可耻的n. 1. 罪犯②–an Canada CanadianEurope Europeanhistory historian③–ant account accountant④–ar/er/or beg beggarlie liaroperate operatoract actoreducate educatorvillage villagerlaw lawyer⑤–ee employ employee⑥–ist art artistchemistry chemistscience scientisttour tourist2．抽象名词后缀①–ance/ence exist existencedependent a. 1. 依靠的;依赖的n. 1. 受抚养者;受抚养的家属dependence n词依赖confident confiden cedifferent differen ceimportant importan cedistant distan ceintelligent intelligen ceappear appearan ce②–th deep depthtrue tru th nwarm warm thwide wid thdead dea thlong leng thstrong streng thgrow grow th③–ment move movement 1. 运动,活动2. 动作,姿态develop 使成长;使发达;发展development生长;进化;发展;arrange arrangementequip equipmentjudge judgment④–tion/ation/ion pollute pollutiondiscuss discussionorganize organizationeducate educationinform informationinvent inventioninvite invitationprotect protectionpredict predictiondecide decision⑤–ing find findingsbuild buildingpaint painting⑥–ness ill illnesscareful carefulnesskind kindnessweak weaknesshelpless helplessness⑦–age short shortage⑧–ty certain certainty⑨–al arrive arrivalpropose proposalwithdraw withdrawal形容词具体指导形容词通常用在系动词后作表语，或用在名词前作定语。
大学英语B级考试语法
Summary:
一般时 现在时 do/doe s 过去时 将来时 did will do 进行时 am/is /are doing was/were doing will be doing 完成时 have/has done had done will have done 完成进行时 have/has been doing had been doing
（不规则变化） 例如： drink——drunk， see——saw， run——ran, eat——ate， do—— did
• 练习： was (1) I _____ (be) a student last year, but now I’m a teacher. had (2) He _____ (have) breakfast with Lily then. saw (3) I _____ (see) him that day as soon as got he _____(get) off the bus. destroyed (destroy) by the (4) Our home _____ flood last month. carried (5) Lily _____ (carry) her little dog to the meeting last Friday.
构成: 一般过去时态由谓语动词的过去式表示 (1) am/is—— was，are—— were (2) have—— had 实义动词的过去式分规则和不规则变化两种: (规则变化) • 1.原形动词后加“－ed”或“－d”，例如: work—— worked，turn——turned live——lived • 2.以辅音字母＋y结尾的，先变y为i再加“－ed”， 例如: carry—— carried • 3.但以元音＋y结尾的，直接加“－ed”，例如： play——played，destroy－destroyed。 • 4.以重读闭音节结尾的，双写末尾辅音字母，再加 “－ed”。例如：stop－stopped。
B级英语语法总结
B级英语语法总结一、简单句结构1. 主语+谓语：例如，I read.2. 主语+系动词+表语：例如，She is beautiful.3. 主语+谓语+宾语：例如，He eats an apple.4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语：例如，She gave me a book.5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾补：例如，The teacher made us happy.6. 主语+谓语+多个宾语：例如，He bought a book, a pen, and a notebook.二、时态1.一般现在时：用于表示经常性的动作或事实。
2.一般过去时：用于表示过去的事情或状态。
3.一般将来时：用于表示将来的动作或计划。
4.现在进行时：用于表示现在正在进行的动作。
5.过去进行时：用于表示过去一些时间段内正在进行的动作。
6.现在完成时：用于表示过去一些时间点开始并持续到现在的动作。
7.过去完成时：用于表示过去一些时间点之前已经发生的动作。
8.将来完成时：用于表示将来一些时间点之前已经完成的动作。
9.将来进行时：用于表示将来一些时间段内正在进行的动作。
三、语态1.主动语态：表示主语主动进行的动作或状态。
2.被动语态：表示主语被动地接受动作或处于其中一种状态。
四、名词1.可数名词：表示可以计数的名词，有单数和复数形式。
2.不可数名词：表示不能计数的名词，只有单数形式。
3.特殊名词：表示一种事物的名称，如国家、地区、语言、民族、学科、职业等。
五、冠词1.定冠词：用于特指一个已知的名词。
2.不定冠词：用于泛指或表示一个未知的名词。
3.零冠词：用于表示一般概念或抽象名词。
六、代词1.人称代词：用于代替人或事物。
2.物主代词：表示所有关系或归属关系的代词。
3.反身代词：表示动作的主体和宾语是同一人或同一物。
4.指示代词：用于指示一些人或事物。
5.不定代词：用于指代泛指的人或事物。
6.疑问代词：用于提问人或事物的身份、性质等。
大学英语B级词汇、语法重点及练习（专项训练）
⼤学英语B级词汇、语法重点及练习（专项训练）⼀．名词1．常见的不可数名词advice luggage bread damage food equipment furniture hair homework housework information knowledge progress population2．可数名词的特殊形式1）“s”结尾，单复同形means series species works2）形式上是单数，但⽤作复数police mankind people cattle audience3）合成名词的单复数变化，通常在主⼲词上加“s”brother-in-law （单数）brothers-in-law （复数）passer-by （单数）passers-by （复数）story-teller （单数）story-tellers （复数）⼆．形容词1．形容词可以跟在以下半系动词的后⾯做表语appear turn feel become stay look come prove grow go get keep2．容易混淆的形容词alone lonely alive living liveclean clear considerate considerable continual continuous dead deadlyeconomical economic efficient effective healthful healthy intense intensive imaginary imaginable imaginativesensitive sensible successful successive valuable invaluable pricelessvalueless worthless historical historic respectable respectful respectivelike likely alike三．副词1．有些形式相异的副词，意义差别也⽐较⼤，如：high highly just justly hard hardly free freely late lately most mostly near nearly2．些形容词也以-ly结尾，应避免误⽤为副词，如：lively lovely lonely friendly ugly costlysilly3．形容词和副词只差⼀个词尾，但意义⼤相径庭hard hardly like likely bare barelybad badly scarce scarcely四．介词1．介词和名词的搭配1）名词+ aboutconcern about remark about complaint aboutopinion about doubt abouthope for need for sorry for reason fortalent for3）名词+ fromabsence from difference from protection from 4）名词+ inconfident in delight in difficulty in experience in faith in pride in success in trust in5）名词+ ofaccount of capability of care of description of feeling of habit of impression of intention of number of pleasure of possibility of shortage of 6）名词+ on （upon ）authority on dependence on effect on remark on emphasis on influence on impression on stress on7）名词+ overadvantage over control over quarrel over victory over worry over8）名词+ toanswer to access to attention to approach to contrast to exception to gratitude to invitation to limit to objection to reference to solution to9）名词+ withagreement with contact with common with connection with conversation with trouble with 2．介词+ 名词的固定搭配at ease at first at last at crossroads at leastat large at once at a loss at present at willby accident by chance by turns for certainin general in a sense in theory in practicein the way in the past in the future in advance in return in turn in that event in some respects in a hurry in addition in fact in place in sighton average on duty on vacation3．介词和形容词的搭配1）形容词+ aboutanxious about careful about curious about concerned about careless about certain about particular about doubtful about2）形容词+ atangry at annoyed at good at quick at pleased at 3）形容词+ foranxious for convenient for eager for famous for hungry for known for late for necessary for possible for ready for responsible for suitable for 4）形容词+ fromabsent from different from distant from free from far from protected from5）形容词+ ofafraid of aware of ashamed of capable of considerate of conscious of composed of deprived of full of fond of independent of proud of regardless of sick of short of tired of thoughtful of6）形容词+ toaccustomed to contrary to convenient to devoted to essential to familiar to favorable to opposed to peculiar to relevant to be used to beneficial to7）形容词+ inabsorbed in confident in disappointed in experienced in interested in lacking in lost in rich in successful in8）形容词+ withassociated with annoyed with angry withbusy with friendly with nervous with patient in⼀．单词1. She has been busy after she became the manager. Her working day often __ well into the night.A. expandsB. expendsC. extendsD. extents2. This __ him to the first rank among the writers of fiction.A. raisedB. liftedC. roseD. made3. It is arranged that the opening ceremony will __ at 10:00 Wednesday morning next week.A. happenedB. occurC. appearD. take place4. The sight __ to me the days of my childhood in the countryside.A. remindedB. recalledC. rememberedD. recommended5. Good transportation is essential to the __ growth of the country.A. economyB. economicalC. economicsD. economic6. The judge’s order to arrest me was no longer __.A. creativeD. competent7. Burglars broke is into the __ flat while the Whites were on holiday.A. vacantB. blankC. bareD. empty8. She is engaged in __ research.A. historicalB. historicC. historyD. histrionic9. She had never felt so __ and helpless in her life.A. alongB. lonelyC. aloneD. aloud10. As far as hobbies are concerned, Tom and his brother have little in __ .A. commonB. averageC. popularD. normal11. The restoration of China’s lawful rights in the United Nations was a great __ in history.A. caseB. incidentC. accidentD. event12. Mr. Smith will leave for New Y ork in__November.A. lateB. latelyC. later__ .A. senseB. senselessC. sensitiveD. sensible14. It’s almost __ that our team will win.A. certainB. sureC. exactD. accurate15. Some people in the back row were __ al the time during the lecture.A. speakingB. talkingC. sayingD. replying16. The school is going to __ the sports meeting to next week.A. postponeB. delayC. replaceD. exchange17. People can’t bear this __ hot weather.A. continualB. continuousC. variousD. variety18. Educational TV stations offer teaching in various __ ranging from home nursing to art appreciation.A. directionsB. pointsC. occurredD. subjects19. I didn’t know what to do but when an idea suddenly __ .A. happenedB. entered20. Waiter in restaurants __ all kinds of food and drink to customers.A. entertainB. serveC. provideD. offer⼆．固定搭配1. The failure in examination __ his inadequate preparation.A. resulted inB. resulted fromC. led toD. let in2. The party __ us to turn grief into strength.A. called offB. called atC. called onD. called to3. He __ a number of journals for his information.A. went throughB. saw throughC. looked throughD. notice through4. We have run __ typing paper.A. intoB. overC. onD. out of5. Scientists will have to __ new methods of increasing the world’s food supply.A. come up toB. come up withC. come up forD. come put of6. you can __ our family whenever you are in need of assistance.A. associate withD. relate to7. The “lost money” __ to be in the safe all the time.A. turned intoB. turned outC. turned overD. turned down8. “Psychology” is __ the study of human behavior by scientific methods.A. defined asB. taken asC. regarded asD. believed as9. John found it extremely difficult to __ his had habitsA. do withoutB. dispose ofC. clear upD. do away with10. They could hardly believe that the trouble should __ the new engine of the car.A. lie inB. turn toC. come toD. bring down11. We didn’t tell her the sad news for fear that she might not __ the heavy blow.A. come up withB. make up forC. put up withD. stand up for12. The chairman put __ his plan, expecting that everyone would approve it.A. towardB. up13. Y ou must take into __ the boy’s long illness.A. accountB. conditionC. chanceD. calculation14. I don’t like to disturb you, because you’re quite tired __ working hard today.A. onB. fromC. outD. of15. Unlike most Chinese, many Americans __ bread and eggs for breakfast every morning.A. used to eatB. are used to eatC. are used to eatingD. used to eating16. Y ou should learn to take __ of every opportunity to improve oral English.A. chanceB. useC. actionD. advantage17. I took someone’s umbrella by __ .A. heartB. mistakeC. natureD. the way18. Some men broke __ the central bank near the post office last Sunday.A. intoB. upC. offnot notice me enter the room.A. onB. inC. ofD. at20. He tried to make __ all the trouble he had caused.A. outB. upC. forD. up for三．语法1. In the last ten years, great changes __ in my hometown.A. have been taken placeB. took placeC. was taken placeD. have taken place2. He discovered that his luggage __ stolen.A. had beenB. has beenC. wasD. would be3. I __ everything by the time you get back next time.A. shall finishB. will be finishingC. have finished C. shall have finished4. I have no doubt __ he will overcome all his difficulties.A. whetherB. whichC. thatD. if5. The science __ deals with the law of nature is calledB. whoC. by whichD. whom6. The city __ my father grew up is not far from here.A. whatB. whereC. whereverD. which7. __ you lice next door to Mr. Roberts, you ought to be able to recognize him.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. WhereD. Unlike8. Anyone can borrow books from this library __ he keeps them clean.A. even ifB. unlessC. as long asD. so that9. All matter is made of atoms, which are too small __ even through the most powerful microscope.A. to be seemB. to see themC. to have seenD. to be seeing10. Every day they spend a lot of time __ their assignments.A. to doB. on doingC. by doingD. doing11. __ five successful novels, she published a collection of short stories.A. Having been written C. WritingB. Having Written D. To write12. What do you think of the performances __ by the girls of Grade III?A. givingB. gaveC. having givenD. given13. It is necessary that the project __ before next Monday.A. be completedB. is completedC. is to be completedD. will be completed14. I lift very early last night, but I wish I __ so early.A. haven’t leftB. didn’t leaveC. hadn’t leftD. couldn’t leave15. I was ill that day. Otherwise I __ the meeting.A. would have attendedB. would attendC. attendedD. should had attended五．以单词正确的形式填空1. Y ou’d better _____ (copy) the whole article at once.2. The manager promised ____ (get) me a position in his company.3. Remember ____ ( lock) the door when you leave.4. The main benefit of ____ (work) with the company is the opportunity to travel abroad.5. I don’t mind ____ (have) a dog in the house so long as it’s clean and it doesn’t smell.6. Did you have any difficulty _____ (get) a visa to Britain?7. The children from the U.S. got used to ____ (eat)Chinese food quite soon.8. They stopped ____ (search) for the missing plane as the weather was very rough.9. If you intend ____ (visit) the National Garden, please contact me soon.10. I wondered why the boy often avoided ____ (talk) with his classmates.11. To my ____ (surprising), he passed the test.12. In recent years, Japan has to become less ____ (depend) on importing fish from other countries.13. He told me that it was not his fault, he was not_____ (response)for the accident.14. The weather here is ____ (change). Y ou’d better bring a rain coat with you in case it rains.15. Although I do not share his religious ____ (believe), I respect him.16. When I apply for jobs, I find I am always at a ____ (advantage) because I can’t drive.。
英语b级语法、词组、单词集合
大学英语语法词汇词组集合大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语三级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单、复数之分。
1．不可数名词只用单数形式。
如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。
如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’ hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。
Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。
很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。
（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。
1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。
a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。
如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。
通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。
如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。
大学英语B级语法
大学英语B级统考之语法概要大学英语B级统考之语法部分主要涉及到连接词、动词形式与时态、主谓语一致、虚拟语气等内容，为方便考生对语法知识的复习，现将考试当中重点涉及的内容总结如下：（一）名词A. 知识要点名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单、复数之分。
1．不可数名词只用单数形式。
如果要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。
如：a piece of news（一条新闻）；two pieces of advice（两条建议）2．名词所有格的构成是名词加“’s”，如：Mary’s room；如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加“’”，如：the students’hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词；名词所有格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B．例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。
Furniture 为不可数名词，后面不能加s。
很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。
（二）冠词A. 知识要点冠词是一种虚词，用在名词前面，说明名词是特指还是泛指。
冠词分不定冠词和定冠词。
1. 不定冠词: a / an表示“一”、“某一”概念，用于单数可数名词前。
a用在辅音开头的词前，an用在元音开头的词前。
如：an English teacher/ a second year一位老师/又一年；2. 定冠词：the表示“特指的一个或一些”。
通常用在形容词最高级及序数词前，或世界上独一无二的事物前；也用于乐器名词前。
如：the best season最好的季节/the first lady第一夫人/the earth 地球/play the piano 弹钢琴；3. 不使用冠词的情况：在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐活动的名称之前。
B级考试常考语法总结
B级考试常考语法总结从历年考试试题分析来看，PRETCO语法(Structure)考查重点主要是：动词时态和语态、非谓语动词(动词不定式、分词和动名词)、情态动词、状语从句、定语从句、倒装句、强调句、反意问句、虚拟语气、代词、形容词和副词等。
考生要对上述语法项目从概念到应用上下功夫。
现就各项目的考核重点分别简单叙述如下(其中有些例句选自历年考试试题)：一、动词的时态和语态考核重点：●过去完成时。
注意：过去完成时常常和before，after，until，when等引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示过去。
常用句型如下：by the time(the end)of+表示过去时间的短语或句子；hardly (scarcely)+过去完成时+when+过去时；no sooner+过去完成时+than+过去时；●现在完成时和现在完成进行时。
常用时间状语有：this day(week，month，year)，so far，for some time，up to now，up to the present，all this year(month，week)等；●将来完成时。
常与before，until，when，after等连词引导的时间状语从句连用，其谓语动词的动作一般表示将来。
常用句型如下：by the time(the end)0f+表示将来时间的短语或句子。
例句：1.He said:“I______ a lot of new words by the end of last year．”(2002．12 B级)A) had already learnt B)would have already learntC) have already learnt D)already learnt答案：A 。
句中时间状语by the end of last year表明谓语动词要用过去完成时态。
2. The project to clear up the polluted river ______ by the end of next year．(2002．6 B级)A) is being completed B)will have been completedC) has been completed D)will have completed答案：B 。
英语b级语法重点总结必备语法
英语b级语法重点总结必备语法大学英语b级考试中，把握哪些英语语法比较有用?下面是学习啦我给大家整理的英语b级语法，供大家参阅!英语b级语法：名词A. 学问要点名词可分为可数名词和不行数名词。
可数名词有单、复数之分。
1.不行数名词只用单数形式。
假如要表示数量多少，需在其前面加量词来表达。
如：a piece of news(一条新闻);two pieces of advice(两条建议)2.名词全部格的构成是名词加"s'，如：Marys room;如原词已有复数词尾-s，则只加"'，如：the students hall, 通常用于有生命的存在物的名词;名词全部格也可以由介词of加名词构成，通常用于无生命的存在物的名词, 如：the window of the classroom.B.例题讲解What a beautiful house! Especially there are many ______.A. furnitureB. furnituresC. pieces of furnitureD. pieces of furnitures解析：此题考查名词的单复数。
Furniture 为不行数名词，后面不能加s。
很多家具用many pieces of furniture，因此答案为C。
英语b级语法：代词代词用于指代。
包括：人称、物主、反身、疑问、不定代词等。
1.many, few和a few一般只能修饰或指代可数名词，much, little和a little 一般只能修饰或指代不行数名词。
a few 和a little表示"有一些'，具有确定意义，而few和little表示"几乎没有'，具有否认意义。
many和much表示"许多'。
2.表示"全部'：两者用both，三者以上用all;表示"全无'：两者用neither，三者以上用none或no one;表示"任一'：两者用either，三者以上用any。
英语考试大学英语B级语法部分网考辅导
D. to leave
54. Cambridge has announced plans to establish a
business school __b__the master’s degree in the
business administration. (Test 3)
A. representing
(Test 6)
A. objected to having B. objected to have C. were objected to have D. were objected to having
4、1)以下动词或词组后既可以跟动 名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语， 但意义上又区别，要特别注意。
47. Five minutes earlier, __c__ we could have caught the last train. A. and B. or C. so D. but
5. needn’t + have done: 表示不必做的事 却做了， 可译为“其实不必〞
company. (test 1)
A.
tried
B. succeeded
C. managed
D. endeavored
考点分析：succeed (in) doing sth, endeavor to do sth表示“尝试、试图 〞，而magage to do sth表示“设法做
2、不定式中的to是否省略
4、现在分词与过去分词的区别。
1、接不定式作宾语的动词有
afford, agree, decide, determine, expect, hope, manage, refuse, offer, pretend等。
大学英语B级语法重点
大学英语B级统考之语法概要动词的基本时态A. 知识要点1．一般现在时态动词形式为do 或does （第三人称单数）。
通常表示客观事实或真理；或表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. He always goes to school by bike.他总是骑车去上学。
2．一般过去时态动词形式为did. 表示过去时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与过去特定的时间状语连用；或表示过去某一段时间一直持续或反复发生的动作，可与表示频度的时间副词连用。
e.g. I bought this computer five years ago.我在五年前买了这台电脑。
3．一般将来时态动词形式为will do/ shall do /be going to do. 表达在未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. The telephone is ringing. I will answer it.电话在响，我去接。
4．现在进行时态动词形式为is/am/are+ doing，表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。
e.g. The police are looking for the two missing children.警察们正在寻找两个丢失的孩子。
5．过去进行时态动词形式为was/were + doing，表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。
（主语是I，she，he时用was）e.g. Jane burnt her hand when she was cooking the dinner.当简在煮晚饭时她的手被烧伤了。
6．现在完成时态动词形式为have / has done，常与already，recently，never，ever, yet，since连用。
用来表示过去发生的对现在有影响的动作。
e.g. The milk has already become undrinkable 牛奶已经不能喝了。
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• It is quite difficult for me (decide)_____ who should be given the job. • 带to的不定式作主语时。常用形式主语it代替， 其作表语的形容词有important, easy, difficult, hard, good ,bad, right 等。 • Advances in medical technology have made it possible for people (live)______ longer. • It’s + adj for sb. to do sth.
1.The final decision (make)_____ by the team leader early next week. 2.We can arrange for your car to (repair)______ within a reasonable period of time. 3.All visitors to the lab (expect)______ to take off their shoes before they enter. 4.We are pleased to learn that that problem (solve)_____ at yesterday’s meeting. 5.The goods that you ordered ten years age will (deliver)______ to you tomorrow.
虚拟语气的其他用法
• 用在主语从句，其谓语用should+动词原形（或 should+have+过去分词），常用在It is （was)important (suggested,requested...)that... 句型中 • It is important that we should speak politely. 我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。 • 用在宾语从句，一种是用作动词wish的宾语从句， 另一种是谓语用should+动词原形或只用动词原 形的that从句 “must have done” 表示对过去已发生的事进行 肯定的推测
Vocabulary & Structure
被动语态
• 语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与 谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两 种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示 主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语 是动作的承受者。 • Many people speak English.(主动） • English is spoken by many people.（被动） • 许多人学英语。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 固定搭配
1. No reader is allowed (take) _____any reference book out of the reading-room. 2. I want (point out) ______ that a decision about the matter must be made at once. 3. If your credit is good, you will be allowed (use)______ the credit card. 4.Advances in medical technology have made it possible for people (live)______ longer.
1.I can’t find the key to my office, I ____ have lost it on my way home. A. would B. should C. must D. ought to 2.If I _____ that your business was growing so rapidly, I wouldn’t have been worried about it. A. Know B.knew C.had known D.have known 3.If I hadn’t attended an important meeting yesterday, I _____ to see you. A. will have come B.would have come C.have come D. had come 4. If you had enough money， what ________？ A. will you buy B. would you buy C. would you have bought D. will you have bought
B级考试中常考：被动语态
• 一般现在时：be（am,is ,are)+过去分词 • 一般过去时：be（was，were）)+过去分词 • 一般将来时的被动语态： Will +be+过去分词 • 现在完成时：has/have +been+过去分词
情态动词的被动语态：
Can/should/must/could/may +be+过去分词
牛刀小试
1.She didn’t received the application form; it _____ to the wrong address. A. sent B. be sent C. was sent D. being sent 2.As far as I’m concerned, I don’t like ______ in that way. A.to be treated B.to treat C. treated D.treating 3.I feel it’s a great honor for me ______ to this party. A. to invited B. invite C. having invited D. to be invited 4.This article is well written because special attention____ to the choice of words and styles of writing. A. had been paid B. has been paid C. will be paid D. will have paid.
6.This picture (take)______ by young reporter in Beijing last month. 7.Yesterday, the secretary( give)______ the task to make arrangements for the annual meeting. 8.The new machine ought to (test)____ before it is put to use. 9.If you smoke in this non-smoking area, you will (fine)______ $50.
条件从句
结果主句
与现在事实相 反
If (we,you,he,they)+动词过去 I （we）should 式（be的过去式用were） you would he would they would If (we,you,he,they)+had+ 过去分词 I （we）should you would he would they would
非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词ing形式和过去 分词。 1.To hear your voice is so nice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 2.Reading books makes one wise. 读书使人明智。
3.This is a book written by Balzac.
虚拟语气 subjective mood
表示所说的话只是一种主观的愿望、 假想和建议等。
• We only wish we could help. 我们但愿能提供帮助。（表愿望） • If there were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. 假若没有引力，我们就不能行走。 （表假想） • He suggests that we should all go to see the film. 他建议我们都去看这个电影。（表建议)
• 三、宾语从句中的虚拟语气
• 英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(坚决要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建议) 表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意 义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟 语气的结构为：(should) + 原形动词。如： • The teacher advised that we should make good use of every minute here. 老师劝我们要好好地利用在这儿的每一分钟。 • The Party asked that we should serve the people with our heart and soul. 党要求我们要全心全意地为人民服务。
不定式的被动语态：
To be + 过去分词
• • • •
History is made by the people. The Eiffel Tower was completed in 1889. More subway lines will be built in the future. English has been studied for 3 years by us at school. • Music can be easily downloaded from the internet. • There are twenty more trees to be planted.