初中反义疑问句讲解及练习
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
反意疑问句
反意疑问句是初中英语的重点和难点。现将有关它的知识总结如下,以便同学们能更好地学习反意疑问句。对于初中的同学,这是比较完整的资料,请同学们妥善保存。
一、定义
反意疑问句是附加疑问句的一种类型。附加疑问句由陈述句加简短附加疑问句构成,用以要求对方证实所述之事。附加疑问句有两种类型:
一类是非反意的附加疑问句,它的陈述部分要么同是肯定的,要么同是否定的,例如:
You call this a day’s work, do you? 你这就叫一天的活儿,是吗?(前后都是肯定)
So he won’t pay his bills, won’t he? 这么说他不会付账了,是不是?(前后都是否定)
这类附加疑问句带有感情色彩,表示惊奇、愤怒、讽刺、不服气等。
They can help you, can’t they? Th ey can’t help you, can they?
You have done your homework, haven’t you?
You haven’t done your homework, have you?
He went to the aquarium, didn’t he? He didn’t went to the aquarium, did he?
注意:
1、附加疑问句的构成和一般疑问句的构成相同,如陈述句中有be动词、情态动词或助动词,则使用它们来构成形成附加疑问句;如果没有,则要加上do\does\did。
2、附加疑问句的主语一般是人称代词,there除外。例如:
There is park near our school, isn’t there?
必须记住:
1、当陈述句的主语是this, that 反意疑问句的主语为it;当陈述句的主语是these, those时,反意疑问句的主语是they。例如:
This is a beautiful picture, isn’t it? Those are my books, aren’t they?
2、当陈述句的主语是代表人的anyone, anybody, somebody, everyone, no one等,反意疑问句的主语是they或he。例如:
Everyone knows the answer, don’t they?(强调整体)
Someone wants to see you, doesn’t he?(强调个体)
3、当陈述句的主语是代表物的something, anything, everything, nothing等,反意疑问句的主语是it。例如:
Everything is all right, is n’t it?
4、陈述句的主语是动词不定式,动词的-ing形式或从句时,疑问部分的主语多用it。例如:
Cooking is for moms, isn’t it?
What he said is right, isn’t it?
二、语调
陈述部分读降调,问句部分可升可降。提问者对陈述部分把握较大时,问句部分读降调;把握不大时,问句读升调。
三、回答方式
不管问题的提法如何,若事实是肯定的,就用yes;若事实是否定的,就用no。
You are a student, ar en’t you?
Yes, I am. (事实上我是学生)
No, I am not.(事实上不是)
三、特别注意(绝对的考点)
1、“I am +表语结构”,反意疑问句用aren’t I?(口语形式;初中考点)或am I not?(正式)。如:
I am very interested in learning English, aren't I?\am I not?
2、陈述部分含有never, few, little, nothing, nobody, no(none, no one, nobody, nothing, nowhere), hardly, seldom,
too…to等表示否定意义的词时,问句部分用肯定形式。例如:
There are few people in the room, are there?
I have nothing to say, do I?
但是,当陈述句中的否定词带有否定前缀(un-, in-, dis-等)或否定后缀(less-等)时
整个句子仍视为肯定句,问句部分用否定形式。例如:
They are unhappy, aren’t they?
This watch is inexpensive, isn’t it?
The medicine is useless, isn’t it?
3、祈使句的反意疑问句。
1). Let’s引导的祈使句,问句用shall we?例如:
Let’s have a meeting, shall we?
2). Let us或Let sb引导的祈使句,问句用will you?例如:
Let us watch TV, will you?
Let him go with you, will you?
3). 其它祈使句,问句用will you?(肯定祈使句也可用w on’t you?但多用will you?否定祈使句则只能用
will you?) 例如:
Open this book will you?
Don’t talk, will you?
(只要记住Let’s后用shall we?, 其它用will you?就可以了)
4、分清“You’d better; I‘d like; He ‘d rather”中的缩写形式分别代表了had better, would like和would rather, 所
以:
You’d better go now, hadn’t you?
I’d like a cup of tea, wouldn’t I?
The y’d rather stay here than go to the zoo, wouldn’t they?
5、陈述部分的谓语含有used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语。如:
He used to take pictures there, didn't he?
6、当need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。
We need to arrive in Shanghai at 7:00, don’t we?
当need为情态动词时(当出现need n’t +动词原形时)用need+主语。例如:
We needn’t leave at once, need we?
7、带宾语从句的句子
如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, expect, feel, guess等词,且主语是第一人称I或we时,反意疑问部分的人称、时态与宾语从句保持一致,同时还要考虑到否定的转移(否定前移)。如:
I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, can’t he?
I don't think he is smart, is he?
We believe she can do it better, can't she?
若主句的主语是第二第三人称的话,反义疑问句应该看主句:
She thought it is wonderful, didn't she?
8、和must有关的反意疑问句
1).must表示“必须”,其疑问部分用mustn't(不准,不允许),如:
We must follow the rules, mustn’t we?
陈述句有mustn’t, 问句用must。例如:
You mustn’t do that again, must you?
2). must表示“必要,有必要”时,其疑问部分用needn't(不必),如:
You must see the doctor, needn’t you?
We must s tay here, needn’t we?
3).陈述句中的must表示一种推测,含义为“一定、准是”时,疑问部分必须与must 后面的主要动词相
呼应。通常有四种情况:
A. must+动词原形,表示对现在动作或存在情况的推测,问句的动词用一般现在时。
He must be from the south, isn’t he? (一般现在时)
B. must +have+过去分词,表示对过去的动作或存在的状态的推测。如果陈述部分有表示过去的时
间状语,问句中的动词就用一般过去时。
She must have heard the good news just now, didn’t she?
她刚才肯定听到了这条好消息,不是吗?
They must have been at school yesterday, wasn’t they?
昨天他们肯定在学校,不是吗?(一般过去时)
如果陈述部分没有表示过去的时间状语,这时附加谓语中的动词就用现在完成时。
You must have studied English for ma ny years, haven’t you?
你一定学了多年的英语,不是吗?(现在完成时)
C. 陈述句部分的谓语动词为现在进行时,也需要时态上的呼应。
I think they must be watching this exciting football match now, aren’t they?
想必他们正在观看这场精彩的足球赛。(现在进行时)
9. 在英国英语中,当have/has表示“有,拥有”,反意疑问句有两种形式:
He has a sister, hasn’t he?/does he?
但是:
He doesn’t have a sister, doesn’t he? (当前面有doesn’t等助动词时,不能用has he)
当have/has表示其它意思的时候,则不能直接用have/has来构成反意疑问句,而应该使用其它的助动词。例如:
You all have a good time, didn’t you?
They had milk and bread for breakfast, didn’t they?
She has a cold, doesn’t she?