新发展研究生英语课文翻译
【新发展研究方案生英语一】答案解析课文翻译
Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives; (8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B1. B2. C3. A4. D5. A6. B7. C8. A9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。
新发展研究生英语2英译汉
Part B经济萧条造成了多么大的影响！雇主们回到了司机的座位自己开车，想改行的人不得不重新学会游戏规则。
作为一个经理代理人，我负责高级管理人员的职业安排，对于他们在职业上遇到的最艰难的挑战，我通常了如指掌。
在我看来，求职者应该遵循以下几条新规则是有好处的。
让人需要你比让人雇佣你更容易：有一句老话说得好：“先把你的脚跨进门内。
”不过，即使想那样做，现在也不容易。
因为公司在雇用员工之前完全有条件对求职者进行长时间的仔细考察。
有一个解决办法，就是先和公司作某种交易。
我的一个客户就与其公司达成一项为公司提供咨询服务的协议，并与公司共同承担风险，如果他能成功，他就会得到一份永久的工作。
他这一招还真奏效了。
学会自我欣赏：有位客户在求职面试时颇为沮丧，因为坐在对面负责面试的主管竟然是他以前的下属。
其实，这样的事情屡见不鲜。
毕竟，在网络行业繁荣的时期，随着不少企业家型人才外流，那些留守员工往往加官进职——很大程度上就是因为他们留下来没有跳槽。
像乌龟和兔子赛跑一样，乌龟艰难地爬向终点却乐观自信。
在求职市场，要摒弃傲慢，不要目中无人；不要搞小动作。
要摆正自己的位置，至于你从前的下属，你以后可以采取回避的方式对待。
不过要重新参与竞争，你必须首先回到队伍中。
Unit 2Part B英国式友谊遵循着一种不同的模式。
其基础是共同参与的活动。
在人生的不同阶段，活动会有很大的不同：在学校中发现共同的兴趣，在军队中共同服役，在国外一同完成任务，在危机中共住一间农舍。
在活动中，不管是什么样的活动，大家会步调一致：有时是两个男人或者两个女人，有时是两对夫妇，有时是三个人，他们或散步，或玩游戏，或讲故事，或者担任一个又累又烦的委员会委员，日常事务如何做，出什么危急情况怎么办，都是不难预料、一成不变的。
有英国朋友的美国人议论说：“即使在多年以后，你也可以在上次停留的地方继续开始。
”时隔很久会面时，朋友就像一对舞伴，在休息过后乐队重新奏响时再次共舞。
新发展研究生英语综合教程课文内容及翻译
G r o w i n g U p1 Fifty years ago parents still asked boys if they wanted to grow up to be president, and asked it not jokingly but seriously. Many parents who were hardly more than paupers still believed their sons could do it. Abraham Lincoln had done it. We were only sixty-five years from Lincoln. Many of grandfather who walked among us could remeber Lincoln. Men of grandfatherly age were the worst for asking if you wanted to grow up to be president. A surprising number of little boys said yes and meant it.五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统，问这话时一本正经，并非开玩笑。
许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。
亚伯拉罕?林肯就做到了。
我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差65年。
依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。
就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。
回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人，而且他们是当真的。
2 I was asked many times myself. No, I didn’t want to grow up to be president. My mother was present during one of these interrogations. An elderly uncle, having posed the usual question and exposed my lack of interest in the presidency, asked, “Well, what do you want to be when you grow up.我就曾经被问过多次。
(2021年整理)新发展研究生英语综合教程2第一单元课文内容及翻译
(完整版)新发展研究生英语综合教程2第一单元课文内容及翻译编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（(完整版)新发展研究生英语综合教程2第一单元课文内容及翻译）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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（完整版）新发展研究生英语综合教程2第一单元课文内容及翻译编辑整理：张嬗雒老师尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布到文库，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是我们任然希望 (完整版）新发展研究生英语综合教程2第一单元课文内容及翻译这篇文档能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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Growing Up1 Fifty years ago parents still asked boys if they wanted to grow up to be president， and asked it not jokingly but seriously. Many parents who were hardly more than paupers still believed their sons could do it。
Abraham Lincoln had done it。
新发展研究生英语综合教程(2)学生用书_部分课后答案和课文翻译
Unit 2 FriendshipⅡ. Language FocusV ocabularyPart A1. resourcefulness；2. proximity；3. intimidated；4. catalyst；5. overwhelming；6. anarchy；7. dwindled；8. hierarchy；9. quirks；10. rantingBank-Cloze(1) move; (2) forming; (3) sights; (4) produce; (5) value(6) appreciation; (7) expectations; (8) constitutes; (9) being; (10) distinguishedIV.译文友谊Text A友谊的艺术斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫1989年大学毕业后就为杂志和报纸撰稿。
斯蒂芬妮·多戈夫是《亲职教育》的主编。
她的作品也发表在《纽约时代》和《纽约邮报》上。
在中年结交朋友1几年前的一个晚上，我发现自己陷入惶恐之中。
并不是真的出了什么事——我的家庭，我的健康都很好，我的事业也很忙碌和成功——我只是有一种模糊的沮丧感，想找个朋友鼓鼓劲。
一个人，能和我喝杯咖啡，让我尽情倾诉，直到阴霾散尽。
问题在于，没有这样的好友可以打电话，可以交心。
几年之间，我的所有的最老的，最熟的女朋友们，一个接一个的，搬离了这个城市，或是为了更好的工作，或是为了更好的气候，或是为了更好的男人。
2我给我最好的朋友挂了电话，她现在住在加利福尼亚的乡下，我收到了她的语音留言。
就在那时，我突然明白过来——寂寞就是我感到沮丧的根源。
我的社交生活已经减至几乎为零，而我一向很忙，直至此刻才察觉到这一点。
这给了我很大的打击。
我从大学，甚至从小学就拥有的老朋友们，挚友们，他们了解我的一切，当他们离开的时候，将我同他们的交情也带走了。
最新新发展研究生英语1综合教程1-6单元翻译
Unit 1 Human ReflectionsTranslationPart A1.对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤单生活的人的好办法。
译：For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2.此次会议肩负着重大的历史责任，必然将对该组织的发展产生深远影响。
译：Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3.所有这些都寄寓着人们对美好生活的向往，因此得以代代流传。
译：All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4.总统警告说，如果国会现在通过这一法案，那么他一直努力维护的脆弱的和平进程可能就会破裂。
译：If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5.夫妻之间必须能够容忍彼此性格上的一些瑕疵，否则的话她们的婚姻很可能会以离婚而告终。
译：The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。
新发展研究生英语综合教程2第一单元课文内容及翻译
Growing Up1 Fifty years ago parents still asked boys if they wanted to grow up to be president, and asked it not jokingly but seriously. Many parents who were hardly more than paupers still believed their sons could do it. Abraham Lincoln had done it. We were only sixty-five years from Lincoln. Many of grandfather who walked among us could remeber Lincoln. Men of grandfatherly age were the worst for asking if you wanted to grow up to be president. A surprising number of little boys said yes and meant it.五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统，问这话时一本正经，并非开玩笑。
许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。
亚伯拉罕・林肯就做到了。
我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差65年。
依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。
就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。
回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人，而且他们是当真的。
2 I was asked many times myself. No, I didn’t want to grow up to be president. My mother was present during one of these interrogations. An elderly uncle, having posed the usual question and exposed my lack of interest in the presidency, asked, “Well, what do you want to be when you grow up.我就曾经被问过多次。
新发展研究生英语第一单元课前问题及课文译文
Pre-reading Activities2. Discuss the following questions.1. Do you know of marriages that have failed?回答：Yes, I do. 或No, I don’t.If so, what do you think people have suffered from their failed marriages and what were the possible causes? (你认为人们从他们失败的婚姻中遭遇了什么？造成这种婚姻失败的原因是什么？)回答：I think that people in failed marriages suffer unsuccessful career, because of bad mood of their failed marriages, their career is influenced. What’s more, they can become unconfident and lonely. (我认为失败婚姻中的人们会遭遇失败的事业，因为失败婚姻带来的坏情绪会影响他们的事业。
另外，他们会变得不自信和孤独)回答：（造成这种婚姻失败的原因是什么？）I think that the possible causes are couple’s qualities and their moral character. If the couples’qualities are fit each other, their marriage is happy. If the couples both have moral character, they don’t love others and they can be loyal for their spouse. So I think that couple’s qualities and their moral character are important for marriage. (我认为造成婚姻失败的可能原因是夫妻双方的个性和他们的品质。
新发展研究生英语一Unit2.text Book 1
Unit 2Economic SocietyThe consumer isn’t a moron: she is your wife. You insult herintelligence if you assume that a mere slogan and a fewvapid adjectives will persuade her to by anything..消费者不是傻瓜, 她是你的妻子. 如果你认为仅凭一句口号, 几个乏味的形容词就能使她掏腰包买任何东西的话, 那么你就亵渎了她的智。
----David Ogilvy, American advertisement managerThere is no resting place for an enterprise in a competitiveeconomy.在竞争的经济中, 没有企业休息的地方。
---Alfred P. Sloan, American businessmanPre-reading ActivitiesFill in the blanks with words you hear.Decide how the business will operate. You should describe how the business will be managed, and the _____ (1) and organization structure that will be in place. There are three further parts that go together to make a ______________ (2) business plan:A __________ (3) plan: it includes location, method of selling, _____________ (4), pricing and so on. You must be aware of consumer _______ (5) to make sure that your business does not become outdated or irrelevant.An operation plan: it describes the day-to-day running of business, You should include supply sources, cost and quantities of material, _____________(6),equipment and methods of _________ (7) the service or products offered.A financial plan, which is a master budget for the operation and includes cash flow forecast, balance _________ (8), profit and lost statement, _____________ (9) of finance and sales forecast and target.The financial aspects of the plan are the most important and you should develop or ________ (10) financial skill to make sure this part of your plan is accurate and realistic, Don’t forget set-up costs and the money needed to see you through and initial period of low cash flowwhen calculating your first year’s budget.Good Things Come to Those Who Actively WaitDonald Sull is a professor of management Practice in Strategic and International Management and Faculty Director of Executive Education at London business School where he designed, directs and teaches an intensive week-long “ boot-camp” to help senior executives thrive in turbulent markets.1In Highly volatile markets, a company’s success or failure is often attributed to luck.Turbulent markets throw out opportunities whose timing, nature and magnitude managers can neither predict nor control. The same holds true for threats. In such a competitive casino, you place your bets and hope for the best. It is better to be lucky than good.2 For the past six years I have studied more than 20 pairs of comparable companies inunpredictable industries such as telecommunications, airlines and enterprise software in countries such as China and Brazil. By pairing similar companies, I showed how they responded differently to the some unforeseen threats and opportunities.3 I found the more successful companies were luckier, in the sense that time and again theyresponded more effectively to unexpected shifts in regulation, technology, competition, macroeconomics or other volatile factors. Such luck is too important to leave to chance. The most successful companies exemplified “active waiting”, an approach to strategy in highly unpredictable markets that consists of anticipating and preparing for opportunities and threats that executives can neither fully predict nor control.4 A chief executive is sometimes likened to a ship’s captain, peering into the distant horizonand setting a course. In many markets that future is foggy and finding a clear view nearly impossible. In the telecommunications industry, for example, shifting regulations, continuous technological change, entry by non-traditional rivals such as Skype and shifts in consumer preferences throw out a steady stream of unforeseen opportunities and threats. Demands for cars in China, for example, arose from the confluence of increased disposable income, government investment in infrastructure,rising middle-class aspirations, easy credit and the demise of employer-provided housing near the workplace5 But all opportunities are not equal. In volatile markets, companies face countless small andmid-sized opportunities and the periodic golden opportunity--- a chance to create value disproportionate to resources invested in a short period of time. Typical golden opportunities include acquisition of NatWest; explosive demand in an emerging market such as China or India; or pioneering a new product or service such as the iPod.6 Golden opportunities occur only when external circumstances throw open several windowsof opportunity at the same time. Consider the opportunity for middleware—software that links a company’s applications---which IBM and BEA converted into billion-dollar businesses. Several developments occurred at once: the Internet created demand for software that could get applications to talk to one another; available technology was up to the task; early leaders such as NCR and Novell were distracted by other markets and the paucity of venture capital funding prevented many start-ups chasing the same market.7 Timing is everything in these circumstances. Had IBM and BEA entered the market a yearor two earlier, customers’ pain would have been less acute and the technology fix less developed, A few years later, new entrants flush with venture capital cash might have established a lead.8 Managers can neither predict nor control golden opportunities. But they can prepare theircompanies to capitalize on one when it arrives. The trick lies not in heroic efforts in the middle of a golden opportunity, but in the quiet actions taken during periods of relative calm between the storms.9 Keep the priorities clear: In unpredictable markets, managers often try to hedge againstevery possible contingency. by running countless experiments and launching a flurry of new initiatives. This is a big mistake. Employees and managers are overwhelmed by multiple, often conflicting, priorities. In attempting to pursue too many priorities simultaneously,executives dissipate resources and hinder co-ordination across units. Managers must exercise ruthless discipline in choosing a small number of objectives to pursue first, putting other valid concern to one side for the time being. Equally important, they must decide what to stop doing to free up time, attention and resources to make sure the truly critical objectives are met.10 Conduct reconnaissance into the future: Prudent executives will consciously take stepsto investigate a foggy future. First, they should send out probes in a few directions to broaden the search for opportunities rather than staking everything on a single way forward. Exploratory forays include investing in or partnering with start-ups, or running small-scale experiments to test the market. Second, when conducting reconnaissance, managers must remain alert to anomalies---new information that surprises them or conflicts with expectations. In turbulent markets, a manager’s mental map quickly becomes outdated, and anomalies provide clues as to where the map is wrong.11 Reconnaissance can be pictured as a process of probing along a wall of resistance looking for gaps. Most of the time, a company encounters hard surfaces: competitors who won’t get out ofthe way, customers who don’t want to buy or technologies that won’t work. Executives should probe for gaps in the market when they find one, they should swarm it, pulling other resources in their wake.12 Keep a reserve: During periods of relative calm, executives should build a war chest ofcash to deploy quickly when a golden opportunity emerges. This requires restraint. Spreading a company’s chips across too many probes or doubling down on too many bets at the same time leave little cash in reserve when a big opportunity comes along, To avoid this risk, senior executives should scrutinize the company’s resource allocation process, cap the number of probes, and increase investment only after explicit evaluation.13Keep the troops battle ready: During periods of active waiting executives must pushthrough operational improvements—cutting costs, strengthening distribution, improving products. More efficient rivals can survive storms that drown rivals. Operation improvements during the lulls contribute to the war chest, but also build the credibility required to seize the golden opportunity. The Royal Bank of Scotland, for example, won NatWest because the Scottish bank’s track record of execution convinced the capital markets that it was the buyer most likely to make the deal work..14 Declare the main effort: One of the greatest challenges in active waiting is deciding when to commit reserves and go for broke.15 Periodically, executives encounter an opportunity or threat so important that it demandsthe company’s full focus. Declaring it the main effort creates a sense of urgency, focuses the organization, priorities resource allocation and lays the groundwork for coordinated effort. Yet many executives say that this was the most difficult decision they ever made. Playing it safe in the short term can prove hazardous in the long term. Companies that pass on every golden opportunity will eventually find themselves eclipse by player that can both wait actively and strike decisively.16 Leading a company into the fog of the future remains risky. By waiting actively during periods of relative calm. However, executives can increase their chances of success.17 Fortune favors the well-prepared: In unpredictable markets, good luck is too important toleave to chance. By actively waiting in the lulls between major opportunities and threats, managers can increase their odds of seizing the moment.18 Keep your priorities clear to avoid dissipating energy and resources.19 Conduct reconnaissance into the future to identify gaps in the market.20 Keep a reserve of cash to fund major opportunities when they emerge.21 Keep the troops battle-ready during lulls in the storm.22 Declare that an opportunity is your company’s main effort in order to seize it faster thanrivals.Notes1.Skype:The software that allows users to make telephone calls over the Internet.The Skype Group has its headquarters in Luxembourge, with offices in London, Tallinn, Tartu, Stockholm, Prague, and San Jose. Skype is the most popular voice communication serve in the world.2.NatWest : Short for National Westminster Bank, which was a personal banking andwas established in 1968, but was acquired by The Royal Bank of Scotland in 2000.3.IBM:Short for International Business Machines Corporation, the largest computercompany in the world. IBM started in 1911 as a producer of punch card tabulating machines . In 1953, it produced its first computer, During the 1960’s and 1970’s, IBM came to dominate the new field of mainframe and minicomputers. In 1981, IBM launched its first personal computer, called the IBM PC, which quickly became the standard.4.BEA: A leading provider of enterprise application infrastructure software. BEAprovides a complementary best-in-class middleware portfolio that spans Java Application Servers.5.NCR:A technology company specializing in products for the retail and financialsectors. Its man products are point-of-sale terminals, automatic teller machines, check processing systems, barcode scanner, and business consumables. It is also one of the largest provides of IT maintenance support services.6.Novell: A company that offers enterprise infrastructure software and services. NovellData systems began life in 1979 as a computer operating system manufacturer and was later incorporated in 1983 as Novell Inc. Today Novell is one of the leading providers of networking operating systems and networking solutions.New Wordsvolatile a.( of trading conditions, etc.) likely to change suddenly or sharply;unstable (指商情等) 很可能急剧波动的, 不稳定的magnitude n. (degree of ) importance 重要,重要性, 重要程度casino n. public building or room for gambling and other amusements赌场;娱乐场macroeconomics n. 宏观经济学liken v. show the resemblance between one thing and another显示两事物的相象confluence n. coming together, joining together 汇集, 汇合infrastructure n. the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for thefunctioning of a country or area基础设施, 基础结构demise n. the end or failure (of an enterprise or institution)终止, 崩溃periodic a. occurring or appearing at (esp. regular) intervals定期的,周期的disproportionate a. relatively too large or too small in size, shape, or amount过大或过小; 不成比例middleware n. 中间设备, 中间件paucity n. smallness of number or quantity 少量, 少许, 少数entrant n. person or animal that enters, esp. for a race, a competition or anexamination; person who enters a profession新参加者,(尤指比赛,竞赛或考试) ; 参加某行业的人flush a. having a lot of(sth.), esp. money; well supplied很多的;(尤指金钱); 充裕的capitalize v. use (sth.) to gain some advantage从…..中获利, 利用contingency n. event that may or may not occur; event that happens by chance可能或可能不发生的事情; 偶发事件flurry n. sudden burst of intense activity (一阵) 忙乱, 很乱simultaneous a. happening or done at the same time(as sth.)同时的,同时发生的,同时做出的~ly adv.dissipate v. waste(time, money, etc.) foolishly 浪费(时间’金钱等)hinder v. prevent the progress of(sb./sth.) 阻碍,妨碍ruthless a. extremely ambitious, and at the same time having or showing nopity for others 无情的,坚定的reconnaissance n. (patrol, flight, etc. that carries out an ) exploration or a survey ofan area, esp. for military purposes() 对某地区的侦察或观测(尤指为军事目的的)prudent a. acting with or showing care and foresight; showing goodjudgment 审慎的; 有先见之明的; 判断力强的foray n. brief but vigorous attempt to be involved in a different activity(对一新的活动,行业等)短暂而积极的改换尝试anomaly n. one that is peculiar, irregular, abnormal, or difficult to classify;irregularity 异常的事物; 不合规则deploy v. bring into effective action; utilize 采取有效行动, 使用; 部署scrutinize v. look at or examine(sth.) carefully or thoroughly仔细或彻底检查allocation n. action of distributing according to plan配给,分配,拨出lull n. interval of quiet or inactivity 间歇,稍息,暂停hazardous a. dangerous; risky 危险的, 冒险的eclipse v. make(sb./sth.) appear dull by campare; outshine使(某人或某事) 相形见绌. 使黯然失色Useful Expressionsbe likened to be compared to 把……比作……convert to change into 转变hedge against do(sth.) that will protect you from(sth.) harmful 防备in one’s wake after 在……之后remains alert to keep attentive to 对……保持警惕come along happen or appear 出现,发生ExercisesPost-reading ActivitiesText ComprehensionRead the text and answer the following questions.1.What does “active waiting” mean in the economic sense?2.The author compare a chief executive to a ship’s captain. Why does the author use theanalogy?3.What kind of opportunities are called “ golden opportunities”?4.What are the typical examples mentioned in the text to indicate the importance of seizing a“golden opportunity” ?5.“ Golden opportunities” are periodic. When do “ golden opportunities” come along?6.How can managers prepare their companies to take advantages of “ golden opportunities”?7.According to the text, the particular technique of capitalizing on “ golden opportunities” lies“not in heroic efforts in the middle of golden opportunity, but in the quiet actions taken during periods of relative calm between the storms”What do the “storms”and “heroic efforts”refer to in the text?8.In paragraph 13, the author states the significance of operating improvement during theperiods of “active waiting”. What is it?9.What is one of the greatest challenges in “active waiting”? Why ?10.What is the author’s opinion of “active waiting”?Language FocusV ocabularyPart A Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.volatile lull confluence scrutinize eclipse contingency magnitude demise allocationanomaly disproportionate simultaneously1.Internationally, the world economic situation can be described as “ups and downs,complicated and _____________”.2.Problems of urbanization are widely noted and studies, not only because of their absolute__________ but also because of their visibility.3.In the competitive market, we must always be prepared for every _______ in order tosurvive every difficulty and crisis.4.Younger buyers and others who have been on the leading edge of trends continue toprefer .Japanese cars in ____________ numbers.5.The technology of modern mass communication results from the ________ of many typesof inventions and discoveries.6.The achievements of civilized man, although very great and remarkable, are neverthelessvery far from sufficient to __________ the works of man as a barbarian.7.There is an interesting and unexplained _________ in tamarack (美洲落叶松) from thenorthern localities in the west central part of Canada.8.Top athletes _____________ both success and failure with their coach to extract lessonsfrom them, but they are never distracted from longer-term goals.9.The development of marine resources and the protection of the marine environment shouldbe planned and implemented ______________ .10.They ran to a safe place during a _________ in the storm and stayed there for the wholenight.Part BChoose the word or phrase that is closed in meaning to the italicized part of each sentence.1.The play shows that Americans have an embarrassment of riches and a paucity ofspirituality and morality, focusing on the disillusionment of the American Dream.A deficiency B. scarcity C. inadequacy D deficit2. Putting,55, is enormously popular in Russia, presiding over a reviving economy flush withrevenue from oil and natural gas.A. well-suppliedB. growingC. blushfulD. overflowing3. A lot of people gathered at the airport waiting for the famous film star, and when he arrived a flurry of excitement went round the crowd.A. ruffleB. burstC. flowD. flood4. Economic growth has been at the core of American success: despite periodic depressions or recessions, the US economy over time has continue to grow.A. prospectiveB. persistentC. ordinaryD. occasional5. Moves to change the way key resources should be allocated have sparked a rise in turf battles, which could hinder the Internet’s growth as a global information infrastructure.A. controlB. retardC. obstructD. decrease6. The results of many studies show that they dissipated a lot of money when they carried outthe so-called effective plans.A. dispersedB. dispelledC. exhaustedD. wasted7. I was now in such a state of nervous resentment that I thought it prudent to check myself atpresent from further demonstrations.A. carelessB. consciousC. sensibleD. logical8. The company experienced rapid commercial growth with its foray into the wholesalemarket and its decision to narrow down its range of products.A. entranceB. raidC. actionD. attempt9. For more than a century, economics was largely concerned with problems others than growth,chiefly efficient allocation at the margin.A assignment B. assignation C. allotment D. design10. Investment is hazardous business in the highly volatile market; even those who are in theswim sometimes come a cropper.A. riskyB. questioning C .partial D. wondrousClozeRead the following passage carefully and choose the best word or phrase given below to fill in each blank. Change the form where necessary.slimly integrity eliminate slightlydisproportionally loyal spending recessionlure niche hinder accessibleAs 2009 shapes us up to be the most challenging year in more than a generation for luxury items, some marketers’ plans are suddenly “ out”. According to a panel at the Wharton Marketing Conference, what’s now “in” for marketing luxury in this difficult ear is pampering the wealthiest and most loyal ___________ (1) customers with everything. Some panelists said the rapidly evolving financial turmoil could ________ (2) some of their ambitious ideas. Many experts believe the economic pain of deepening __________ (3) could fall __________ (4 ) on these marketers of luxury items. But several panelists noted that the truly wealthy may cut back some on their discretionary __________ (5) but will not ____________ (6) luxury purchases altogether, suggesting that consumers are likely to see some moves aimed at selling high-end products at a(n) ___________(7) lower cost. For example, one obvious step would be to sell L’Oreal’s fragrances in smaller containers, as long as the actual product is not diluted. It can still maintain the brand ____________ (8), but the product is sold at a price point that’s more _______(9) for the consumers. Good management weathers good times and difficult times, and fashion doesn’t change. For luxury goods, the business plan places trust in the artistic vision of a designer---and hopes that will _________ (10) customers。
新发展研究生英语1学生用语UNIT8SOLITUDE翻译
Emerson says, "Now and then a man exquisitely made can live alone, and must; but coop up most men and you undo them." Solitude tries a man in a way society does not; it throws him upon his own resources, and if these resources be m eager, if the ground he occupies in and of himself be poor and narrow, he willhave a sorry time of it.爱默生说“有时候,一个至精之人能够也必须独孤地生活,但是孤独禁锢了多数人而却得不到解脱”,有别于社会,孤独用另一种方式试探一个人。
它让人诉诸于自身的资源,如果人的这些资源寥寥,如果他所拥有或掌控的范围狭小匮乏,孤独将会带给他悲伤的时光。
Hence we readily attribute some extra virtue to those persons who voluntarily embrace solitude, who live alone in the country or in the woods, or in the mountains, and find life sweet. We know they cannotlive without converse, without society of some sort, and we credit them with the power of invoking it from themselves, or else of finding more companionship with dumb things than ordinary mortals.因此,那些自愿拥抱孤独的人,他们或独居于乡村,或隐迹于树林山涧而甘之如饴,我们乐意把他们归之于某些高风亮节。
新发展研究生英语1-4-6-7课文翻译
拉塞尔・贝克拉塞尔・贝克是美国专栏评论家、幽默作家和政论家。
他的作品以其幽默诙谐的语言对社会、政治等进行了强而有力地评论。
1五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统 问这话时一本正经 并非开玩笑。
许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。
亚伯拉罕・林肯就做到了。
我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差 年。
依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。
就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。
回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人 而且他们是当真的。
2我就曾经被问过多次。
我会回答说不 我长大后不想当总统。
有一个年纪大的叔叔 当着母亲的面向我提出这个问烂了的问题 发现了我对当总统不感兴趣 他就接着又问 “那你长大了想干什么呢 ”3我那时喜欢到垃圾堆上去拣东西 收集空瓶子、有漂亮标签的罐子和废弃的杂志。
世界上最吸引我的工作立刻浮现在我的脑子里。
“我想当一个垃圾工。
”我说道。
4叔叔听后笑了 而母亲却觉察到了我那呆头呆脑的苗头 不免伤心。
“有点上进心吧 拉塞尔。
”她说道。
她叫我“拉塞尔”表明她不高兴 因为她夸我的时候总是叫我“小家伙”。
5 转眼间我长到了八岁 她觉得我得找个工作 开始踏上那条让我自己成就点什么的道路 而不能再四平八稳地坐失良机了。
“巴迪” 有一天她跟我说 “今天放学后马上回家。
有人要来 我要你见见他。
”6那天下午我冲进家门的时候 她正在客厅里跟柯蒂斯出版公司的一个负责人谈话。
他把我介绍给他。
他弯下腰和我握了握手 问我是不是像母亲说的那样渴望获得进入商界的机会。
7母亲在一旁忙说我决意要使自己成为一个有所成就的人。
8“是的。
”我低声说。
9“那么 你是否具备在商业上获得成功所需要的刚强、勇气和绝不放弃的精神呢 ”10母亲回答说我当然具备。
11“是的。
”我说。
12他盯着我好一会儿 默不作声 似乎在掂量着我是否值得他的信任 然后和我坦率地谈了起来。
他说 在走出关键性的一步之前 他得提醒我 年轻人为柯蒂斯出版公司工作要承担巨大的责任。
新发展研究生英语1课后答案及课文翻译
Unit 1 Human ReflectionsBefore Reading Activities1. Fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(1) crush; (2) lifetime; (3) deceive; (4) smile; (5) right; (6) grateful; (7) arrives; (8) assurance; (9) return; (10) contentⅡ. Language FocusVocabularyPart A1. stranded;2. emeritus;3. erode;4. wondrous;5. yearning;6. shackled;7. salvation;8. nibble;9. imperfection; 10. eruptPart B 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. BBank-Cloze(1) bored; (2) affiliate; (3) conducted; (4) valid; (5) ranging(6) fulfilling; (7) revealed; (8) tended; (9) Pressure; (10) toughTranslationPart A1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3. All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。
(完整word版)新发展研究生英语综合教程3.docx
一、英译汉，汉译英PartA1从前有一个人，他有一个梦。
他梦到一片和平与和谐的土地。
他梦到一个不以肤色评判人的地方。
他梦到一个国家，在那里不同种族的孩子们在一起玩。
他梦到一个国家，在那里所有的人都是平等的。
有些人不喜欢他的梦，他们说这个梦永远不会实现。
有些人则对他的梦喝彩，他们想实现这个梦。
对一些人而言，这个崇高的理想已经实现，而对另一些人而言，还只是一个幻想.这个人，马丁·路德·金博士，在1963 年的一篇有名的演讲“我有一个梦”中表达了他的理想。
其实这个根植于“美国梦”的理想，并不是个完全新奇的主张。
从一开始，这个由移民所组成的国家，使欢迎渴望自由和追求生活新起点的人的到来。
但不同种族的到来同时也造成了紧张的气氛。
PartA1 （答案）Once a man had a dream, he dreamed of a land of peace and harmony.He dreamed of a place where people were not judged by their skin color. He dreamed of a country where children of different races could play together.’tlike He dreamed of a nation where all people were equal. Some people didnhis dream. They said it would never happen. Some people applauded hisdream. They wanted to make it happen. This noble vision has come true forsome. For others, it ’s still just a fantasy.In 1963, this man, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. , expressed his vision in thefamous speech, "I Have a Dream." But the dream———rooted in the American Dream ——— wasn ’treally new. From the beginning, this nation of immigrants welcomed people desiring freedom and a new start. However, the coming together of different races and ethnic groups created some tensions.PartB1The United States is currently shifting from being a nation of immigrantsOf mainly European descent to one of immigrants from other parts of theworld, such as Asia and Latin America. The number of recent immigrants has skyrocketed.they desire to escape economic hardship in their native countriesas well as seek a better education and a more prosperous life in America."theland of opportunity".Although there are frequent conflictsbetween the cultures they have brought with them from the "old country" andthose found in America, most immigrants learn to adjust to and love theiradopted land.Americans have also learned much from the customs and ideas ofthe immigrants and are often influenced by them in subtle and interestingways.Immigrants bring their native cultural, political, and social patterns and attitudes, varied academic and religious backgrounds, as well as theirethnic arts, sports, holidays, festivals, and foods.They have greatly enriched American life.For immigrants from all parts of the world, the United States has been a "melting pot" in which the foreigners have sometimes remained culturally and linguistically what they were in their native lands, even as they move toward becoming citizens of the United States, a country whose people share a common cultural outlook and set of values.The melting pot does not meltaway all recollections of another way of life in other place———nor should it.On the contrary, immigrants should maintain the languages, skills, religions, customs and arts of their own heritage, even while they are working towards entering the mainstream of American culture.PartB1 （答案）目前，美国正在从一个主要由欧洲移民构成的国家向来自世界各地（如亚洲、拉丁美洲）的移民构成的国家转变，其移民数量骤增。
新发展研究生英语1综合教程1-6单元翻译
Unit 1 Human ReflectionsTranslationPart A1.对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤单生活的人的好办法。
译：For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others, marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2.此次会议肩负着重大的历史责任，必然将对该组织的发展产生深远影响。
译：Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3.所有这些都寄寓着人们对美好生活的向往，因此得以代代流传。
译：All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4.总统警告说，如果国会现在通过这一法案，那么他一直努力维护的脆弱的和平进程可能就会破裂。
译：If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5.夫妻之间必须能够容忍彼此性格上的一些瑕疵，否则的话她们的婚姻很可能会以离婚而告终。
译：The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character, otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Part B爱情是一部电话机，渴望它响起时，它却总是悄无声息；不经心留意时，它又叮铃铃地响起。
最新新发展研究生英语综合教程(2)第一单元翻译
1 五十年前父母大都会问男孩子们长大后想不想当总统，问这话时一本正经，并非开玩笑。
许多穷得跟乞丐似的父母也仍然相信他们的孩子能当上总统。
亚伯拉罕・林肯就做到了。
我们与林肯那个时代仅仅差65年。
依然健在的许多爷爷辈的人还能记得林肯时代。
就是他们最喜欢问你长大后想不想当总统。
回答说想当的小男孩数量多得惊人，而且他们是当真的。
2 我就曾经被问过多次。
我会回答说不，我长大后不想当总统。
有一个年纪大的叔叔，当着母亲的面向我提出这个问烂了的问题，发现了我对当总统不感兴趣，他就接着又问：“那你长大了想干什么呢？”3 我那时喜欢到垃圾堆上去拣东西，收集空瓶子、有漂亮标签的罐子和废弃的杂志。
世界上最吸引我的工作立刻浮现在我的脑子里。
“我想当一个垃圾工。
”我说道。
4 叔叔听后笑了，而母亲却觉察到了我那呆头呆脑的苗头，不免伤心。
“有点上进心吧，拉塞尔。
”她说道。
她叫我“拉塞尔”表明她不高兴，因为她夸我的时候总是叫我“小家伙”。
5 转眼间我长到了八岁，她觉得我得找个工作，开始踏上那条让我自己成就点什么的道路，而不能再四平八稳地坐失良机了。
“巴迪”，有一天她跟我说，“今天放学后马上回家。
有人要来，我要你见见他。
”6 那天下午我冲进家门的时候，她正在客厅里跟柯蒂斯出版公司的一个负责人谈话。
他把我介绍给他。
他弯下腰和我握了握手，问我是不是像母亲说的那样渴望获得进入商界的机会。
7 母亲在一旁忙说我决意要使自己成为一个有所成就的人。
8 “是的。
”我低声说。
9 “那么，你是否具备在商业上获得成功所需要的刚强、勇气和绝不放弃的精神呢？”10 母亲回答说我当然具备。
11 “是的。
”我说。
12 他盯着我好一会儿，默不作声，似乎在掂量着我是否值得他的信任，然后和我坦率地谈了起来。
他说，在走出关键性的一步之前，他得提醒我，年轻人为柯蒂斯出版公司工作要承担巨大的责任。
它是美国最了不起的公司之一，也许是世界上最了不起的出版公司。
毫无疑问，我肯定听说过《星期六晚邮报》吧？13 岂止听说过母亲说全家人可是都知道《星期六邮报》的，而且说我实际上是它的忠实读者。
新发展研究生英语1课文翻译
新发展研究生英语1课文翻译Unit 1 Human Reflections婚姻为什么会失败安妮·洛芙安妮·洛芙是美国女权主义作家，因《主妇狂想曲》、《恩慈》等小说而著名。
她的作品探讨了追求家庭生活与追求事业和自主之间的冲突，因此很值得一读。
1如今有太多的婚姻以离婚而告终，我们最神圣的誓言不再鸣发出真理的回响。
“幸福美满”、“至死不渝”这类表达方式似乎越来越不合时宜了。
为什么夫妻之间变得如此难以相处呢？究竟什么地方出了差错？我们怎么了以至于几乎一半的夫妇注定要走向离婚法庭？我们怎么创造了这样一个社会，竟有42%的儿童要生活在单亲家庭中？如果统计学能够衡量孤独、后悔、痛苦、自信心的丧失及对未来的恐惧的话，那么这样的统计数字恐怕将难以计算。
2虽然每个破裂的家庭都有其独特的情况，但我们仍然可以发现其共同的危险：即人们对婚姻感到绝望的共同原因。
每个婚姻都有危机点，每个婚姻都是对耐久力，即对夫妻间亲密及变化的承受能力的考验。
外界的压力如失业、疾病、不孕、孩子的问题、照料年迈的父母以及生活中的其它麻烦都冲击着婚姻，就像飓风猛烈袭击海岸一样。
有些婚姻在这些暴风雨中得以生存，而有些却经不住这些风浪。
但是，婚姻失败不纯粹是因为外界天气的影响，更是因为内部气候变得太冷或太热、太动荡不安或太冷淡麻木。
3当我们着眼于我们如何选择伴侣以及在温柔的爱情初期有何期望的时候，某些婚姻失败的原因就变得相当清晰了。
我们都无意识却又准确地选择一个伴侣，他（她）们会和我们共同创建我们第一个家的感情模式。
威斯康星大学婚姻问题专家及精神病学荣誉教授卡尔·A·威特克博士解释说：“从童年的早期开始，我们每一个人都会具备婚姻、女性的温柔、男子汉气概、为父之道、为母之道以及家庭其他成员角色的模式。
”我们每个人都会爱上具有自己父母品质的人，来帮助我们重新发现过去生活中的喜怒哀乐。
我们或许以为我们找到的人并不像父亲，但是之后我们发现他开始酗酒或吸毒，或者一次又一次地失去工作或默默地坐在电视机前，同父亲如出一辙；一个男人可能选择的女人就像他的母亲一样也不喜欢小孩子或者像母亲一样因为赌博把家里的积蓄输得精光。
新发展研究生英语综合教程课文翻译
新发展研究生英语综合教程课文翻译集团标准化办公室：[VV986T-J682P28-JP266L8-68PNN]U n i t1w h y m a r r i a g e s f a i l1这些日子，许多婚姻以离婚结束，我们最神圣的誓言不再与真理联系在一起了。
“幸运地”和“直到死亡我们做了一部分”是表面上看起来已经过时了。
为什么夫妻一起呆在一起变得如此困难？出了什么问题？我们发生了什么事，接近一半的婚姻注定离婚法庭？我们如何创造一个社会，其中42％的孩子将在单亲家庭中长大？如果统计数据只能衡量孤独，遗憾，痛苦，失去自信和对未来的恐惧，数字将超出量化。
2即使每一个破碎的婚姻是独一无二的，我们仍然可以找到共同的危险，婚姻绝望的共同原因。
每个婚姻都有一个危机点，每个婚姻都测试耐力，亲密和变化的能力。
外部压力，如工作失调，疾病，不育，与孩子的麻烦，照顾老化的父母，和所有其他生命的瘟疫飓风爆炸我们的海岸的方式。
有些婚姻在这些暴风雨中生存下来，其他婚姻却没有。
然而，婚姻失败，不仅仅是因为外部天气，而是因为内部气候变得太热或太冷，太湍急或太吝啬。
3当我们看看我们如何选择我们的合作伙伴，并在浪漫的开始有什么期望存在，一些灾难的原因变得相当清楚。
我们都选择无意识的准确性，将与我们重新创建我们的第一个家的情感模式的伴侣。
威斯康星大学婚姻治疗师和精神病学荣誉教授Carl A. Whitaker博士解释说：“从幼年时代起，我们每个人都携带婚姻，女性气质，男性气质，母性，父亲和所有其他家庭角色的模式。
“我们每个人都爱上一个有我们父母品质的伴侣，他们将帮助我们重新发现我们过去生活的心理幸福和痛苦。
我们可能认为我们发现了一个不像爸爸的男人，但随后他回到喝酒或毒品，或者一次又一次地失去了他的工作，或者像爸爸那样默默地坐在电视机前面。
一个男人可以选择一个不喜欢孩子的女人，就像他的母亲，或者像他的母亲一样赌了家庭储蓄。
或者他可以选择一个苗条的妻子，似乎不像他的肥胖母亲，但后来发现有其他的瘾，摧毁他们的相互幸福。
(完整word版)新发展研究生英语综合教程3
一、英译汉,汉译英PartA1从前有一个人,他有一个梦.他梦到一片和平与和谐的土地。
他梦到一个不以肤色评判人的地方。
他梦到一个国家，在那里不同种族的孩子们在一起玩。
他梦到一个国家，在那里所有的人都是平等的.有些人不喜欢他的梦，他们说这个梦永远不会实现。
有些人则对他的梦喝彩，他们想实现这个梦。
对一些人而言，这个崇高的理想已经实现，而对另一些人而言,还只是一个幻想。
这个人，马丁·路德·金博士，在1963年的一篇有名的演讲“我有一个梦”中表达了他的理想。
其实这个根植于“美国梦”的理想,并不是个完全新奇的主张。
从一开始，这个由移民所组成的国家，使欢迎渴望自由和追求生活新起点的人的到来。
但不同种族的到来同时也造成了紧张的气氛。
PartA1(答案)Once a man had a dream， he dreamed of a land of peace and harmony. He dreamed of a place where people were not judged by their skin color. He dreamed of a country where children of different races could play together. He dreamed of a nation where all people were equal。
Some people didn’t like his dream. They said it would never happen. Some people applauded his dream. They wanted to make it happen。
This noble vision has come true for some。
For others， it’s still just a fantasy。
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Unit 1 why marriages fail1.这些日子，许多婚姻以离婚结束，我们最神圣的誓言不再与真理联系在一起了。
“幸运地”和“直到死亡我们做了一部分”是表面上看起来已经过时了。
为什么夫妻一起呆在一起变得如此困难？出了什么问题？我们发生了什么事，接近一半的婚姻注定离婚法庭？我们如何创造一个社会，其中42％的孩子将在单亲家庭中长大？如果统计数据只能衡量孤独，遗憾，痛苦，失去自信和对未来的恐惧，数字将超出量化。
2.即使每一个破碎的婚姻是独一无二的，我们仍然可以找到共同的危险，婚姻绝望的共同原因。
每个婚姻都有一个危机点，每个婚姻都测试耐力，亲密和变化的能力。
外部压力，如工作失调，疾病，不育，与孩子的麻烦，照顾老化的父母，和所有其他生命的瘟疫飓风爆炸我们的海岸的方式。
有些婚姻在这些暴风雨中生存下来，其他婚姻却没有。
然而，婚姻失败，不仅仅是因为外部天气，而是因为内部气候变得太热或太冷，太湍急或太吝啬。
3.当我们看看我们如何选择我们的合作伙伴，并在浪漫的开始有什么期望存在，一些灾难的原因变得相当清楚。
我们都选择无意识的准确性，将与我们重新创建我们的第一个家的情感模式的伴侣。
威斯康星大学婚姻治疗师和精神病学荣誉教授Carl A. Whitaker博士解释说：“从幼年时代起，我们每个人都携带婚姻，女性气质，男性气质，母性，父亲和所有其他家庭角色的模式。
“我们每个人都爱上一个有我们父母品质的伴侣，他们将帮助我们重新发现我们过去生活的心理幸福和痛苦。
我们可能认为我们发现了一个不像爸爸的男人，但随后他回到喝酒或毒品，或者一次又一次地失去了他的工作，或者像爸爸那样默默地坐在电视机前面。
一个男人可以选择一个不喜欢孩子的女人，就像他的母亲，或者像他的母亲一样赌了家庭储蓄。
或者他可以选择一个苗条的妻子，似乎不像他的肥胖母亲，但后来发现有其他的瘾，摧毁他们的相互幸福。
4.一个男人和一个女人带来了他们的婚姻床上混合混合的有意识和无意识的记忆他们的父母的生活在一起。
人的方式是强迫地重复和重现过去的模式。
Sigmund弗洛伊德很好地描述了不愉快的设计，我们许多人被困在：童年的未满足的需要，很久以前的挫折留下的愤怒的感觉，信任的限制和旧的恐惧的再发生。
一旦一个人感觉到这种陷阱，可能会有一种渴望逃脱，结果可能是一个破碎，分裂的婚姻。
5.当然，人们可以克服在童年发展的习惯和态度。
我们都有隐藏的优势和惊人的增长和创造性变化的能力。
然而，改变需要工作观察你的部分在一个腐烂的模式，带来的困难进入公开和工作违反婚姻的基本神话：“当我wired 这个人，我的所有问题将结束。
我将取得成功，将成为这个人的生命的中心，这个人将是我的中心，我们将永远意味着彼此的一切。
“这个神话，每一个婚姻依赖，很快暴露。
孩子们的到来，拉扯和拉扯他们对感情和时间的要求，对这种基本的神话的意义相当大的压力，一切彼此的意义，融合在一起，解决所有的生活的问题。
6.对金钱的关注和紧张使每个伴侣远离另一个。
对要求父母或依赖父母的父母的义务进一步造成压力。
今天的夫妻也必须处理近年来妇女运动和性革命带来的所有文化变革。
角色的改变和责任的转移对许多婚姻一直极为努力。
7.生活的这些和其他现实侵蚀了婚姻幸福的愿景，沙尘暴在岩石和海洋啃咬在沙丘的方式。
伴随浪漫爱情的那些欣快的，宏大的感觉是真正的自我妄想，自我催眠的梦想，使我们能建立一种关系。
现实生活，工作失败，失望，疲惫，难闻的气味，不好的感冒和困难的时刻都刺穿了梦想，让我们与我们的伴侣搁浅，我们的童年模式推动我们这样和我们的未实现的期望。
8.在婚姻中生存的斗争需要适应性，灵活性，真正的爱和善良，以及足够强烈的想象力来感受他人的感觉。
许多婚姻崩溃，因为任何一个合作伙伴都无法想象他人想要什么或不能沟通她需要或感觉什么。
愤怒建立，直到它爆发成一个火山爆发，埋在灰烬的婚姻。
9.如果我们从我们的队友感觉到需要太多的亲密，我们倾向于把他推开，担心我们可能失去我们在婚姻合并中的身份。
一个合作伙伴可能以稚气的依赖性窒息另一个合作伙伴。
一个好的婚姻意味着成长，所以一对夫妇，但也成长为个人。
这不容易。
理查德放弃了对木工的兴趣，因为他的妻子海伦，嫉妒他离开她的时间。
Karen退出合唱团，因为她的丈夫不喜欢她在那里做的朋友。
每一对彼此紧贴，当生活在他们身上时彼此生气。
这种婚姻平衡很容易被抛弃，因为一个人或另一个人离开，离婚。
10.婚姻需要某种牺牲，不是灵魂的可怕自我牺牲，而是某种程度的妥协。
一些人的幻想，一些人的合法愿望必须放弃婚姻本身的价值。
惠特克博士说：“虽然所有的婚姻伴侣有时候都会感到束手无策，但是他们真正选择将婚姻关系变成限制性关系或支持性债券。
婚姻需要性，财政和情感纪律。
男人和女人不能跟随每一个冲动，不能允许自己停止生长和变化。
11.离婚不是一种邪恶的行为。
有些时候，它为那些已经无望地分开或被冻结在痛苦或相互不幸的模式中的人提供了保护。
离婚可以是，尽管其最初的破坏，像外科医生的刀的第一次切割，一个新的健康和美好的生活的一步。
另一方面，如果合作伙伴可以继续超越浪漫神话的分裂，发展真正的爱和亲密，他们已经完成了作为世界最伟大的大教堂惊人的工作。
没有失败但改善的婚姻，尽管不完美仍然存在，不仅在这些日子很少，而且提供了一个奇妙的住所，我们的相互人性的面孔可以安全地显示自己。
Unit 2 economic society1.在高度波动的市场中，公司的成功或失败通常归因于运气。
动荡的市场抛出的时机，性质和数量经理都无法预测或控制的机会。
威胁也是如此。
在这样一个竞争性的赌场，你把你的赌注和希望的最好的。
最好是幸运而不是好。
2.在过去六年里，我在中国和巴西等国家的电信，航空公司和企业软件等不可预测的行业中研究了超过20对可比公司。
通过配对类似的公司，我展示了他们如何对不同的不可预见的威胁和机会做出不同的反应。
3.我发现，越成功的公司幸运，在一个意义上，他们反复更有效地对规则，技术，竞争，宏观经济或其他易变因素的意想不到的变化。
这样的运气太重要，不能离开机会。
最成功的公司举例说明“主动等待”，一种在高度不可预测的市场中的战略方法，包括预测和准备高管无法完全预测或控制的机会和威胁。
4.一个首席执行官有时被称为一艘船长，盯着遥远的地平线，设置一条航线。
在许多市场，未来是模糊的，找到一个清晰的观点几乎不可能。
在电信行业，例如，调整规则，持续的技术变革，非传统竞争对手的进入，如Skype 和消费者偏好的转移，抛出了不可预见的机遇和威胁。
例如，中国对汽车的需求是由于可支配收入增加，政府对基础设施的投资，中产阶级的期望上升，容易信贷以及工作场所附近雇主提供的住房消亡而产生的。
5.但所有的机会都不平等。
在波动的市场中，企业面临无数的中小型机遇和定期的黄金机会- 一个创造价值与在短时间内投入资源不相称的机会。
典型的黄金机会包括收购Nat West; 新兴市场如中国或印度的爆炸性需求; 或开拓新产品或服务，如iPod。
6.黄金机会仅在外部环境同时打开几个机会窗口时发生。
考虑中间件的机会连接公司应用程序的软件--- IBM和BEA转换为十亿美元的业务。
一些发展同时发生：互联网创造了对软件的需求，可以使应用程序彼此交谈; 可用技术可以胜任NCR和Novell等早期领导者被其他市场分散注意力; 而缺乏风险资本融资阻碍了许多初创企业追逐同样的市场。
7.时间是这些情况下的一切。
如果IBM或BEA早一两年进入市场，客户的痛苦就不会那么尖锐，技术修复欠发达。
几年后，新进入者充满风险资本现金可能已经建立了领先地位。
8.管理者既不能预测也不能控制黄金机会。
但他们可以准备他们的公司利用一个，当它到达。
诀窍不在于英勇的努力在一个黄金机会，而是在风暴之间相对平静期间采取的安静的行动。
9.保持优先级清晰。
在不可预测的市场中，管理者经常试图通过无数次的实验和发起一系列新的举措来对付每一种可能的应急情况。
这是一个很大的错误。
员工和管理人员被多重，通常冲突的优先事项所淹没。
在试图同时追求太多优先事项时，管理人员消耗资源并阻碍各单位之间的协调。
管理者必须行使无情的选择，选择少数的目标首先，将其他有效的关注暂时放在一边。
同样重要的是，他们必须决定停止什么，以释放时间，注意力和资源，以确保实现真正重要的目标。
10.进行未来侦察：审慎的高管将有意识地采取措施调查一个有雾的未来。
首先，他们应该在几个方向上发出探测，以扩大寻找机会，而不是一个单一的前进方向。
探索性的包括投资或与初创公司合作，或进行小规模实验来测试市场。
第二，当进行侦察时，管理者必须保持警报异常，新的信息，惊喜他们或与期望冲突。
在动荡的市场中，经理的心理图快速变得过时，异常提供了地图在哪里错误的线索。
11.侦察可以被描绘为沿着寻找缺口的阻力墙探测的过程。
大多数时候，一家公司遇到了坚硬的表面竞争对手谁不会得到的方式，客户不想购买或技术，将无法工作。
高管应该探索市场上的空白，当他们找到一个时，他们应该集群，拉动其他资源。
12.保留储备：在相对平静的时期，管理人员应建立一个战争胸部的现金，以便在黄金机会出现时迅速部署。
这需要克制。
当一个大的机会来临时，将公司的筹码扩大到太多的探测器或者在同一时间加倍下注太多的赌注几乎没有预留现金。
为了避免这种风险，高级管理人员应该仔细检查公司的资源分配过程，限制探针数量，并在明确评估后增加投资。
13.保持部队战斗准备：在积极等待期间，高管必须推动运营改进- 削减成本，加强分配，改进产品。
更高效的竞争对手可以在淹没对手的暴风雨中生存。
在休息期间的运行改进有助于战争胸部，但也建立了抓住黄金机会所需的信誉。
例如，苏格兰皇家银行（Royal Bank of Scotland）赢得了NatWest，因为苏格兰银行的执行记录使资本市场确信它是买家最有可能完成交易的工作。
14.宣布主要努力：积极等待的最大挑战之一是决定何时提交储备金，并去破产。
15.定期，管理人员遇到一个机会或威胁如此重要，以要求公司的全部重点。
声明它的主要努力创造紧迫感，集中组织，优先级资源分配和为协调努力奠定基础。
然而，许多高管说，这是他们做过的最困难的决定。
在短期内玩安全可能长期证明是有害的。
传递每一个黄金机会的公司最终会发现自己被那些能够积极地等待并决定性地打击的玩家所淹没。