语言学专业英语术语总表(chinese-english)龚

Chinese by Jerry Norman

龚群虎

Page number, Chinese, English

1 0

2 共时synchronic

3 历时diachronic

4

linguist

语言学家

5 汉语研究Chinese studies

6 调号tone mark

7 1-1

8 甲骨文oracle bone

inscription/script

9 古汉语Classical Chinese

10 中古汉语Middle Chinese

11 早期白话Early Vernacular Chinese

12 上海方言Shanghai dialect

13 书面语言written language

14 口头语言spoken language

15 文化连续性cultural continuity

16 汉语方言Chinese dialects

17 北京话Peking dialect

18 广州话Cantonese

19 文言文Literary Chinese

20 方言学家dialectologist

21 金文bronze inscription/script

22 孔子Confucius

23 孟子Mencius

24 方言描写dialect description

25 高本汉（人名）Bernhard Karlgren

26 中古汉语（高本汉）Ancient Chinese

27 赵元任（人名）Yuen Ren Chao

28 吴语Wu dialects

29 方言调查dialect survey/fieldwork

30 共通语koine

31 现代汉语Modern Chinese

32 方言dialect

33 1-2

34 （汉语）周边语言neighboring languages

35 阿尔泰语系Altaic language family

36 突厥语言Turkic languages

37 蒙古语言Mongolian languages

38 通古斯语言Tungusic languages

39 日语Japanese

40 朝鲜语Korean

41 无声调语言atonal/non-tonal language

42 多音节语言polysyllabic language

43 类型学（的）typological

44 后缀suffix

45 元音和谐现象vowel harmony

46 语序（词序）word order

47 主语subject

48 宾语object

49 藏缅语言Tibeto-Burman languages

50 马提索夫（人名）James Matisoff

51 苗瑶语言Miao-Yao languages

52 亲属关系genetic relationship

53 张琨（人名）Kun Chang

54 唐纳（人名）G.B.Downer

55 奥德里古（人名）Haudricourt

56 台语Tai languages

57 李方桂（人名）Fang Kuei Li

58 《比较台语手册》 A Handbook of Comparative

Tai

59 侗水语言Kam-Sui languages

60 白保罗（人名）Paul K. Benedict

61 “泰-卡岱”语言Tai-Kadai languages

62 南亚语系Austroasiatic language

family

63 孟高棉语言Mon-Khmer languages

64 南岛语系Austronesian language

family

65 1-3

66 类型特征typological

features/characteristics 67 语音对应phonological

correspondence

68 音系的phonological

69 形态的morphological

70 句法的syntactic

71 有调语言tonal language

72 单音节的monosyllabic

73 语素morpheme

74 固定音高模式fixed pitch pattern

75 平调level tone

76 升降调(轮廓调) contour tone

77 音位的phoneme/phonemic

78 元音音段vocalic segment

79 辅音音段consonantal segment

80 四声the four tones

81 高平调high level

82 高升调high rising

83 低降调low falling

84 低降升调low falling-rising

85 缅彝语言Lolo-Burmese languages

86 语系language family

87 浊（带音）voicing

88 音节首音syllable onset

89 送气aspiration

90 喉音化glottalization

91 复辅音consonant/consonantal

cluster

92 复辅音的简化和消失simplification and loss of

consonantal clusters

93 语言接触language contact

94 孤立语isolating language

95 分析语analytic language

96 语法关系grammatical relationship

97 词缀affix

98 准词缀quasi-affix

99 量词measure

100 数词numeral

101 限定词determinative

102 历史演变historical development

103 语言类型分类typological classification

of languages

104 越芒语言Viet-Muong languages

105 句法特点syntactic feature

106 修饰词modifier

107 东亚语言East Asian languages

108 泰语（暹罗语）Thai(Siamese)

109 越南语Vietnamese

110 高棉语Khmer

111 藏文Written Tibetan

112 马来语Malay

113 满语Manchu

114 维吾尔语Uygur

115 1-4

116 发生学的（亲属的）genealogical

117 构拟reconstruction

118 转写transcription

119 同源词cognates