AATCC61：2013美国水洗色牢度中文翻译
国内外三种耐水洗色牢度方法的要求
耐水洗色牢度指织物颜色耐各种洗涤的能力，用加速法获得织物在人为长期作用下的效果，是衡量织物使用价值的重要指标。
今天上海品魁根据对标准的解读，归纳了国内外耐洗标准的差异。
耐洗色牢度标准比较
目前，耐洗色牢度的方法有GB/T 3921纺织品色牢度试验，耐皂洗色牢度、AATCC 61-2013 耐皂洗色牢度：快速法和JIS L0844-2011耐洗涤色牢度试验方法。
其中国标规定了5种耐洗涤色牢度试验方法，试验包括从温和到剧烈的洗涤操作范围；AATCC 61规定了6种耐洗涤色牢度的试验方法；JIS L0844规定了5类耐洗涤色牢度的试验方法，分别与ISO 105系列耐洗涤标准等效。
这三种方法的仪器和试验材料如下表：
三种耐洗涤色牢度测试方法对于相同织物、相同温度的测试结果是有差异的，一般来说，日标的沾色稍微严重，美标的变色稍显严重，而国标的变色和沾色介于以上两者之间。
这是由于三种洗涤方法的贴衬缝合方式、洗涤剂成分、洗涤时间、摩擦状态各有不同而导致。
以上仅为经验评判。
不作为实际评判的依据。
AATCC61：美国水洗色牢度中文翻译.doc
--耐水洗色牢度：加速法1.目的与范围1.1本加速洗涤测试方法，用于评价纺织品经频繁洗涤后的水洗色牢度，织物经五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤的洗涤剂溶液和摩擦作用所引起的褪色及表面变化，接近于一次45 分钟的试验。
然而，五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤所造成的沾染程度，并不能通过45min的测试来预测。
因为洗涤负荷中织物纤维成分、颜色沾到贴衬织物上的比例和其他最终用途条件等是不同的。
1.2当本方法最初建立的时候，评价因五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤产生的色变和沾色的方法各种各样。
这些年来，由于实验室的一次加速洗涤过程不能重现各种不同的洗涤过程，商业洗涤过程已经变得包含了各种不同的过程，在2005 年，所有参考那些不能准确反映如今使用的典型商业洗涤过程已经被废止。
2.原理2.1 试样在合适的温度，洗涤液，漂白和摩擦作用下测试，试样的颜色变化可在较短时间内获得。
这种摩擦作用是通过试样与容器，低浴比溶液及钢球的冲击而产生的结果。
3. 术语3.1 色牢度——材料对于其任何颜色性能的变化，其染料转移到邻近材料或者两种现象同时出现的抗耐性，上述现象通常是材料在其加工，测试，储存或者使用中可能遇到的环境作用的结果。
3.2洗涤——对纺织材料，通过水溶液洗涤剂洗涤并清洗、脱水和干燥，以洗去污渍的过程。
4.安全措施注：这些安全措施仅作为信息提供。
作为测试过程的辅助措施，安全-----正确地进行实验操作是操作者的责任。
生产商必须对安全细节如安全数据表及其他生产商的推荐进行指导。
必须参考和遵守所有的OSHA 标准和规定。
4.1遵循良好的实验室管理规范，在实验室区域佩带护目镜。
4.2所有化学品必须小心轻放。
4.3AATCC 1993标准洗涤剂AATCC 2003标准洗涤剂可致敏，需注意不可碰到眼睛和皮肤。
4.4应就近装备洗眼器/安全冲淋设施以备急用。
4.5当操作仪器时，应参照仪器生产商的安全说明。
5.设备及物料5.1皂洗机5.1.1皂洗机，可将密封的容器在恒温控制的水溶中转动，速度为40± 2rpm5.1.2 500ml的不锈钢杯，用于1A 测试 75 x 125 mm(3.0 x 5.0 inch)5.1.3 1200ml的不锈钢杯，90 x 200 mm（3.5 x 8.0 inch）（用于 1B,2A ，3A， 4A 和 5A测试）5.1.4将钢杯(5.1.3)固定在皂洗机上的架子。
AATCC61耐洗涤色牢度
AATCC61耐洗涤色牢度AATCC 61 耐洗滌色牢度：快速法1.目的和範圍1.1本快速洗滌測試可用來評定那些需經受多次家庭洗滌的紡織品的色牢度。
織物經五次典型的手洗、家庭或商業，含氯或不含氯洗滌的洗滌劑溶液和磨擦作用所引起的變褪色結果很接近於一次45 分鐘的試驗(查看9.2-9.6)。
但五次手工、家庭和商業典型洗滌的沾色效果不能完全符合45 分鐘試驗效果。
因為洗滌負荷中織物纖維含量、顏色沾到貼襯織物上的比例和其他最終用途條件等是不同的。
2.原理2.1在合適的溫度、洗滌劑、漂白劑及摩擦情況的條件下對試樣進行測試，這樣的顏色變化類似於五次手洗、家庭或商業洗滌發生顏色變化的情況，顏色變化可方便地在短時間內測出。
洗滌時的摩擦行為包含有織物和鋼杯、低的浴比及鋼球撞擊織物等形成。
3.專業術語3.1 色牢度：材料抵抗顏色變化的能力，包含本身的顏色變化和沾到相鄰布上的情況，這種可能會出現在生產過程中，測試、儲存及使用過程中。
3.2 洗滌：對紡織材料，通過水溶液洗滌劑洗滌並清洗、脫水和乾燥，以洗去污漬的過程。
4.安全預防注釋：這些預防措施只是僅僅能提供一些資訊，只是輔助這一個實驗程式的，並不包含所有的方面，在這個實驗方法中，操作員有責任用安全和適當的技術去處理實驗材料，而製造商必須查閱一些專業方面的細節、像材料的安全資料記錄或其他製造商的可取之處，所有的OSHA標準和規則也必須執行和遵守。
4.1要遵守實驗室的操作規程，在實驗室內要穿安全服。
4.2所有的化學藥品必須小心處理。
4.3 AATCC 1993標準參考洗滌劑可致敏，需注意不可碰到眼睛和皮膚。
4.4應就近裝備眼藥水、安全雨淋設施以備急用。
4.5當操作實驗室的測試儀器時，要執行製造商的安全警告。
5.儀器、試劑和原料5.1 水洗牢度儀5.1.1 水洗牢度機：可以在恒溫控制水浴中以40±2rpm 的速度轉動密封的鋼杯。
5.1.2 可鎖在儀器上的不銹鋼杯：型號I：體積：500ml，直徑：75mm，高為125m，適用於1A。
AATCC 61-2013耐水洗色牢度
Developed in 1950 by AATCC Committee RA60; revised 1952, 1954, 1957, 1960, 1961, 1970, 1972, 1986 (title change), 1989, 1993, 1994, 1996, 2003, 2006 (title change), 2007, 2009, 2010, 2013; reaffirmed 1956, 1962, 1965, 1968, 1969, 1975, 1980, 1985; editorially re-vised 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1981, 1983, 1984, 1991, 1995, 1998, 2002, 2004, 2008, 2012; editorially revised and reaffirmed 2001. Partly equivalent to ISO 105-C06.1.Purpose and Scope1.1These accelerated laundering tests are to evaluate the colorfastness to laun-dering of textiles which are expected to withstand frequent laundering. The fabric color loss and surface changes resulting from detergent solution and abrasive ac-tion of five typical hand or home launder-ings, with or without chlorine, are roughly approximated by one 45 min test (see 9.2-9.6). However, the staining ef-fect produced by five typical hand or home launderings cannot always be pre-dicted by the 45min test. Staining is a function of the ratio of colored to undyed fabrics, fiber content of fabrics in the wash load and other end-use conditions which are not always predictable.1.2When this test method was origi-nally developed, various options of this method were intended to evaluate the color change and staining by five home or commercial launderings, on an accel-erated basis. Throughout the years, com-mercial laundering procedures have changed and commercial cleaning today involves many different types of pro-cesses, dependent on the type of product being cleaned that cannot be duplicated by one accelerated laboratory procedure. In 2005, all references to commercial laundering were removed as it is not known if these procedures accurately rep-licate typical commercial laundering pro-cesses used today.2. Principle2.1Specimens are tested under appro-priate conditions of temperature, deter-gent solution, bleaching and abrasive ac-tion such that the color change is similar to that occurring in five hand or home launderings. The color change is obtained in a conveniently short time. The abra-sive action is a result of the frictional ef-fects of fabric against canister, the low li-quor ratio and the impact of the steel balls on the fabric.3. Terminology3.1colorfastness, n.—the resistance ofa material to change in any of its colorcharacteristics, to transfer of its color-ant(s) to adjacent materials or both, as aresult of the exposure of the material toany environment that might be encoun-tered during the processing, testing, stor-age or use of the material.3.2laundering, n.—of textile mate-rials, a process intended to remove soilsand/or stains by treatment (washing) withan aqueous detergent solution and nor-mally including subsequent rinsing, ex-tracting and drying.4. Safety PrecautionsNOTE: These safety precautions arefor information purposes only. The pre-cautions are ancillary to the testing proce-dures and are not intended to be all inclu-sive. It is the user’s responsibility to usesafe and proper techniques in handlingmaterials in the test method. Manufactur-ers MUST be consulted for specific de-tails such as material safety data sheetsand other manufacturer’s recommenda-tions. All OSHA standards and rulesmust also be consulted and followed.4.1Good laboratory practices shouldbe followed. Wear safety glasses in alllaboratory areas.4.2All chemicals should be handledwith care.4.3The 1993 AATCC Standard Refer-ence Detergent (with and without opticalbrighteners) and the 2003 AATCC Stan-dard Reference Liquid Detergent (withand without optical brighteners) maycause irritation. Care should be taken toprevent exposure to skin and eyes.4.4An eyewash/safety shower shouldbe located nearby for emergency use.4.5Manufacturer’s safety recommen-dations should be followed when operat-ing laboratory testing equipment.5.Apparatus, Reagents and Materials(see 12.1)5.1Accelerated laundering machine.5.1.1A laundering machine for rotat-ing closed canisters in a thermostaticallycontrolled water bath at 40 ± 2 rpm.5.1.2Stainless steel lever lock canis-ters Type 1 500 mL (1 pt), 75 × 125 mm(3.0 × 5.0 in.) for Test No. 1A.5.1.3Stainless steel lever lock canistersType 2 1200 mL, 90 × 200 mm (3.5 × 8.0in.) for Tests No. 1B, 2A, 3A, 4A and 5A.5.1.4Adapter plates for holding canisters(see 5.1.3) on laundering machine shaft.5.1.5Stainless steel balls, 6 mm (0.25in.) in diameter.5.1.6 White Synthetic (SBR) RubberBalls 9-10 mm (3/8 in.) dia. 70 Durome-ter hardness for Test 1B (see 12.1)5.1.7Teflon fluorocarbon gaskets (see7.4.2 and 12.2).5.1.8Preheater/storage module (see7.4, 12.1 and 12.3).5.2Scales for rating test results.5.2.1AA TCC 9-Step Chromatic Trans-ference Scale (AA TCC Evaluation Proce-dure 8) (see 12.4).5.2.2Gray Scale for Color Change(AATCC Evaluation Procedure 1) (see12.4).5.2.3Gray Scale for Staining (AATCCEvaluation Procedure 2) (see 12.4).5.3Reagents and materials.5.3.1Multifiber test fabrics (8 mm[0.33 in.] bands) containing acetate, cot-ton, nylon, silk, viscose rayon and wool.Multifiber test fabrics (8 mm [0.33 in.]bands) and (15 mm [0.6 in.] bands) con-taining acetate, cotton, nylon, polyester,acrylic and wool (see 12.5).5.3.2Bleached cotton test fabric, 32 ×32 ends × picks/cm (80 × 80 ends ×picks/in.) construction, 100 ± 3 g/m2 (3.0± 0.1 oz/yd2), desized without opticalbrightener (see 12.5).5.3.31993 AATCC Standard Refer-ence Detergent WOB (without opticalbrightener and without phosphate) or2003 AA TCC Standard Reference LiquidDetergent WOB (without optical bright-eners) (see 10.5 and 12.6).5.3.41993 AATCC Standard Refer-ence Detergent (with optical brighteners)or 2003 AATCC Standard Reference Liq-uid Detergent (with optical brighteners)(see 10.5 and 12.6).5.3.5Water, distilled or deionized (see12.7).5.3.6Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)bleach (see 12.8).5.3.7Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), 10% (see12.8.1).5.3.8Potassium iodide (KI), 10% (see12.8.1).5.3.9Sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3),0.1N (see 12.8.1).5.3.10Crockmeter test cloth cut in 50mm (2 in.) squares (see 12.9).5.3.11White cards (specimen mounts)with Y tristimulus value at least 85%.6. Test Specimens6.1The sizes of the specimens requiredfor the various tests are as follows:50 × 100 mm (2.0 × 4.0 in.) for TestNo. 1A,AATCC Test Method 61-2013Colorfastness to Laundering: Accelerated50 × 150 mm (2.0 × 6.0 in.) for Tests No. 1B, 2A, 3A, 4A and 5A.6.2Test only one specimen in each canister.6.2.1Test one specimen per laboratory sample. Replication may be advisable for improved precision.6.3To determine staining in Tests No. 1A and 2A, use multifiber test fabric. To determine staining in Test No. 3A, use ei-ther multifiber test fabric or bleached cot-ton test fabric. With respect to Test No. 3A, the use of multifiber test fabric is optional but the staining of acetate, nylon, polyester and acrylic is disregarded unless one of these fibers is present in the fabric being tested or known to be in the final garment. For Test 3A, multifiber test fabric with heat-sealed edges is recommended. Stain-ing is not determined in Tests No. 4A and 5A (see 12.10 and 12.11).6.4Specimen preparation.6.4.1Preparation with multifiber test fabric with individual component bands 8mm (0.33 in.) wide or with bleached cotton test fabric. Prepare pieces with a 50 mm (2.0 in.) square of multifiber test fabric cloth or bleached cotton test fabric (as required) sewn, stapled or suitably attached along one 50 mm (2.0 in.) edge of the test specimen and in contact with the face of the material. When multifiber test fabric is used, attach it so that each of the six fiber bands is along the 50 mm (2.0in.) edge of the specimen with the wool on the right. The fiber bands in the multifiber test fabric will be parallel to the lengthwise direction of the test specimen.6.4.2Preparation with multifiber test fabric with individual component bands15 mm (0.6 in.) wide. Prepare pieces witha 50 × 100 mm (2.0 × 4.0 in.) rectangle of multifiber test fabric sewn, stapled or suitably attached centered along one 100 mm (4.0 in.) or 150 mm (6.0 in.) edge of the test specimen and in contact with the face of the material. Attach it so that each of the six fiber bands will be parallel to the widthwise direction of the specimen. Attach and secure the wool band at the top of the specimen to avoid fiber loss. 6.4.3It is recommended that knitted fabrics be sewn or stapled at the four edges to equivalent size pieces of bleached cotton test fabric to avoid rolled edges and to assist in obtaining a uniform test result over the entire surface. Attach the multifiber test fabric to the face of the knitted fabric.6.4.4For pile fabric specimens with a pile lay direction, attach the multifiber test fabric at the top of the specimen with the pile lay direction pointing away from the top of the specimen.6.5When the textile to be tested is yarn, specimens may be tested using Op-tion 1 or Option 2.6.5.1Option 1. Knit yarn on an appro-priate sample knitting machine. Prepare specimens and multifiber test fabrics ac-cording to 6.1-6.4.3. Keep one knittedspecimen of each sample as an unwashedoriginal.6.5.2Option 2. Prepare two 110 m(120 yd) skeins of each yarn. Fold theskein so that there is a uniform amount ofyarn across a 50 mm (2 in.) width with alength appropriate for the procedure to beused. Keep one skein of each sample asan unwashed original. Sew or stapleCrockmeter test cloth squares (see 12.9)or squares of bleached cotton test fabrichaving approximately the same weightfolded over each end of the layered yarnspecimen. Attach a multifiber test fabricaccording to 6.4.1 or 6.4.2.7. Procedure7.1Table I summarizes the conditionsof the tests.7.2Adjust the laundering machine tomaintain the designated bath tempera-ture. Prepare the required volume ofwash liquor. Preheat this solution to theprescribed temperature.7.3Run Test No. 1A in 75 × 125 mm(3.0 × 5.0 in.) lever lock stainless steelcanisters. Run Tests No. 2A, 3A, 4A and5A in 90 × 200 mm (3.5 × 8.0 in.) leverlock stainless steel canisters.7.3.1For Tests No. 1A, 1B, 2A and3A, add to the canister the amount of de-tergent solution designated in Table I.7.3.2For Test No. 4A, prepare a 1500ppm available chlorine solution. For 1 L,determine the amount of stock sodiumhypochlorite bleach solution (see 12.8) todilute as follows:159.4/% NaOCl = g to addWeigh the correct amount of bleach into avolumetric flask and dilute to 1 L. Toeach canister, add 5 mL of 1500 ppmavailable chlorine solution and 45 mL ofdetergent solution making a total volumeof 50 mL.7.3.3For Test No. 5A, determine theamount of stock sodium hypochloritebleach solution (see 12.8) to dilute asfollows:4.54/% NaOCl = g to addWeigh the correct amount of bleach into agraduated cylinder and add detergent so-lution to make a total volume of 150 mL.Prepare this solution separately for eachcanister.7.3.4For all the tests, add the desig-nated number of stainless steel balls orwhite rubber balls to each canister.7.4The two options for preheating thecanisters to the test temperature are byuse of the laundering machine or the pre-heater/storage unit. If the canisters are tobe preheated in the laundering machine,proceed to 7.4.2.7.4.1Place the canisters in the pre-heater module at the prescribed test tem-perature. They are to remain in themodule for at least 2 min. Enter a wellcrumpled test specimen into each canister.7.4.2Clamp the covers on the canis-ters. A Teflon fluorocarbon gasket (see5.1.6) may be inserted between the neo-prene gasket and the top of each canisterto prevent contamination of the wash so-lution by the neoprene. Fasten the 75 ×125 mm (3.0 × 5.0 in.) lever lock canis-ters vertically and the 90 × 200 mm (3.5× 8.0 in.) lever lock canisters horizontallyin the adapters on the rotor of the laun-dering machine in such a manner thatwhen the canisters rotate, the coversstrike the water first. Place an equal num-ber of canisters on each side of the shaft.For canisters preheated in the module,proceed to 7.7.7.5Start the rotor and run it for at least2 min to preheat the canisters.7.6Stop the rotor and with a row ofcanisters in an upright position, unclampthe cover of one canister, enter a wellcrumpled test specimen into the solutionand replace the cover, but do not clamp it.Repeat this operation until all the canis-ters in the row have been loaded. Thenclamp the covers in the same order inwhich the canisters were loaded (delayclamping the covers to allow equalizationof pressure). Repeat this operation untilall rows of canisters have been loaded.7.7Start the laundering machine andrun it at 40 ± 2 rpm for 45 min.7.8The rinsing, extracting and dryingTable I—Test Conditions aTestNo.bTemp TotalLiquorVolume(mL)PercentPowderDetergentof TotalVolumePercentLiquidDetergentof TotalVolumePercentAvailableChlorineof TotalVolumeNo.SteelBallsNo. ofRubberBallsTime(Min)°C (±°2)°F (±°4)1A401052000.370.56None100451B c31881500.370.56None010202A491201500.150.23None500453A71160500.150.23None1000454A71160500.150.230.0151000455A491201500.150.230.02750045a Refer to Section 9 for objectives for each test method.b All Tests include an alternate use for 2003 AATCC Standard Liquid Detergent.c Test 1B provides for the use of White Rubber Balls instead of Stainless Steel Balls.procedures are the same for all the tests. Stop the machine, remove the canisters and empty the contents into beakers, keeping each test specimen in a separate beaker. Rinse each test specimen three times, in beakers, in distilled or deionized water at 40 ± 3°C (105 ± 5°F) for 1 min periods with occasional stirring or hand squeezing. To remove excess water, cen-trifuge, blot or pass the test specimens through wringer rolls. Dry the specimens in an air circulating oven in which the temperature does not exceed 71°C (160°F), or tumble dry in a nylon mesh bag in an automatic tumble dryer at nor-mal cycle, which has an exhaust tempera-ture of 60-71°C (140-160°F), or air dry.7.9 Allow specimens to condition at 65± 2% relative humidity and 21 ± 1°C (70± 2°F) for 1 h before evaluating.7.10Prepare tested fabric specimens and adjacent fabrics for evaluation by trimming off raveled yarns and lightly brushing off any loose fiber and yarn on the fabric surfaces. Brush pile fabric specimens in required direction to restore them as nearly as possible to the same pile angle as the untreated specimens. Specimens should be smoothed or flat-tened if they are wrinkled and messy due to washing and/or drying. Specimens may be mounted on cards to facilitate identification and handling in their evalu-ation. For consistency in backing mate-rial, use a white mounting card with Y tristimulus value of at least 85%. Mount-ing material must not be visible in the area to be viewed and must not interfere with rating as specified in 5.1 of both AATCC Evaluation Procedures 1 and 2 for the Gray Scale for Color Change and Gray Scale for Staining or instrumental assessment of color according to AATCC Evaluation Procedure 7, Instrumental As-sessment of the Change in Color of a Test Specimen (see 12.4).7.10.1Yarn skein specimens should be combed and brushed for improved align-ment of the yarns before comparison with the unwashed original. The original spec-imens may also need further combing and brushing for uniformity of appearance.8. Evaluation (see 12.16)8.1Evaluation of color change.8.1.1Evaluate the color change of the test specimens by comparison with the Gray Scale for Color Change (AATCC Evaluation Procedure 1), or using AATCC Evaluation Procedure 7, Instru-mental Assessment of the Change in Color of a Test Specimen, and record the numerical rating that corresponds to the appropriate one on the Gray Scale. For improved precision and accuracy the specimens should be rated by more than one rater.8.2Evaluation of staining.8.2.1Evaluate staining (see 12.10) by comparison with the Gray Scale forStaining (AATCC Evaluation Procedure2), the AATCC 9-Step Chromatic Trans-ference Scale (AATCC Evaluation Proce-dure 8), or Instrumental Assessment ofDegree of Staining (AATCC EvaluationProcedure 12), and record the numericalrating that corresponds to the appropriateone on either of them. The scale usedshould be indicated when reporting thetest results.8.2.2The color transferred to the multi-fiber test fabric or bleached cotton testfabric square of 6.4.1 can be quantita-tively determined by measuring the colordifference between a piece of the originalmaterial and the stained material. Multifi-ber test fabrics (15 mm [0.6 in.]) have fill-ing bands of sufficient width to be withinthe aperture diameter capability of manycolorimeters and spectrophotometers (seeAA TCC Evaluation Procedure 6, Instru-mental Color Measurement and 12.14).9. Interpretation of Results9.1Results from these tests are in-tended to approximate the color changeeffects (see 1.1) of five typical homelaunderings. These are accelerated tests,and in obtaining the required degree ofacceleration some of the conditions, suchas temperature, were purposely exagger-ated. The tests have remained largely thesame over many years while laundry de-tergents, washers and dryers, laundrypractices and fabrics have changed (seeAATCC Monograph M6, “Standardiza-tion of Home Laundry Test Conditions,”elsewhere in this T ECHNICAL M ANUAL).Consequently, caution in interpreting testresults is advisable.9.2 Test No. 1A—This test is for evalu-ating the colorfastness of textiles that areexpected to withstand repeated handlaundering at low temperature. Speci-mens subjected to this test should showcolor change similar to that produced byfive typical careful hand launderings at atemperature of 40 ± 3°C (105 ± 5°F).9.3 Test No. 1B—This test is for evalu-ating the colorfastness of textiles that areexpected to withstand repeated handlaundering at cool temperatures. Speci-mens subjected to this test should showcolor change similar to that produced byfive typical careful hand launderings at atemperature of 27 ± 3°C (80 ± 5°F).9.4 Test No. 2A—This test is for eval-uating the colorfastness to washing oftextiles that are expected to withstand re-peated low temperature machine launder-ing in the home. Specimens subjected tothis test should show color change similarto that produced by five home machinelaunderings at medium or warm setting inthe temperature range of 38 ± 3°C (100 ±5°F).9.5 Test No. 3A—This test is for evalu-ating colorfastness to washing of textilesconsidered washable under vigorous con-ditions. Specimens subjected to this testshould show color change similar to thatproduced by five home machine launder-ings at 60 ± 3°C (140 ± 5°F), withoutchlorine.9.6 Test No. 4A—This test is for evalu-ating the colorfastness to washing of tex-tiles laundered in the presence of avail-able chlorine. Specimens subjected tothis test should show color change similarto that produced by five home machinelaunderings at 63 ± 3°C (145 ± 5°F) with3.74 g per L (0.50 oz/gal) of 5% availablechlorine per 3.6 kg (8.0 lb) load.9.7 Test No. 5A—This test is for eval-uating the colorfastness to washing oftextiles that may be laundered in the pres-ence of available chlorine. Specimenssubjected to this test should show colorchange similar to that produced by fivehome machine launderings at 49 ± 3°C(120 ± 5°F) with 200 ± 1 ppm availablechlorine.10. Report10.1Report the test number.10.2Report the grade number deter-mined for color change in 8.1 and thestaining grade numbers for the evaluatedfibers in the multifiber test fabric and/orbleached cotton test fabric as determinedin 8.2.10.3State which scale (Gray Scale forStaining or AATCC 9-Step ChromaticTransference Scale) was used in evaluat-ing staining (see 12.12).10.4Report the multifiber test fabricused and if bleached cotton test fabricwas employed to avoid knit curling.10.5Report the detergent used with colorchange and staining results (see 12.6).10.6Report which laundering ma-chine is used.11. Precision and Bias (see 12.15)11.1Precision and bias statementshave been developed for Tests No. 2Aand 5A. Although correlation work hasbeen done, no precision and bias state-ments have been developed for Tests No.1A, 3A and 4A.11.1.1Because of changes in the deter-gents used in this method, these precisionand bias statements may not apply to dataor information obtained with the cur-rently available detergents.11.2Test No. 2A.11.2.1Summary. An interlaboratorytest was carried out in May 1985 to estab-lish the precision of Test No. 2A. A partof the test was to determine if the wider15 mm (0.6 in.) No. 10A multifiber testfabric could be substituted for the 8 mm(0.33 in.) wide No. 10. The complete testconsisted of six laboratories evaluating10 materials in duplicate by one operatorusing Test No. 2A.11.2.2Color Change . Three raters from six laboratories independently eval-uated nine materials in duplicate using the Gray Scale for Color Change. The components of variance as standard devi-ations of the colorfastness grades (aver-ages of variances for No. 10 and No. 10A multifiber test fabrics) were calculated as follows:Single-Operator Component 0.29Within-Laboratory Component0.29Between-Laboratory Component0.2911.2.3Critical Differences . For the components of variance reported in 11.2.2, two averages of observed values should be considered significantly differ-ent at the 95% probability level if the dif-ference is equal to or exceeds the critical differences shown in Table II.11.2.4Staining . Three raters indepen-dently rated the six fibers of the multifi-ber test fabric (No. 10 and No. 10A) for 10 materials at six laboratories using the Gray Scale for Staining. Of the 60 possi-ble fiber/fabric combinations, only 51could be used. The components of vari-ance were averaged for the No. 10 and No. 10A multifiber test fabrics and ap-pear below as standard deviations of staining ratings:Single Operator Component 0.27Within-Laboratory Component0.34Between-Laboratory Component0.2511.2.5Critical Differences . For the components of variance reported in 11.2.4, two averages of observed values should be considered significantly differ-ent at the 95% probability level if the dif-ference equals or exceeds the critical dif-ferences shown in Table III.11.2.6 Bias . Tests comparing five home launderings at 40°C (105°F) with one Launder-Ometer Test No. 2A indi-cate there is no bias between the two methods for the colorfastness and stain-ing levels evaluated.Table II—Critical Differences, Grades,for the Condition Noted aNo. of Observations Single-Operator Precision Within-Lab Precision Between-Lab Precision10.80 1.12 1.3730.460.92 1.2150.360.87 1.18aThe critical differences were calculated using t =1.950 which is based on infinite degrees of freedom.11.3Test No. 5A, Chlorine Bleach.11.3.1Summary . An interlaboratory test was carried out in 1984 to establish the precision of Test No. 5A for deter-mining the effect of chlorine bleach on the colorfastness of fabrics. All speci-mens were laundered in a Launder-Ometer by one operator. Color change in Test No. 5A was determined both visu-ally and instrumentally. Details of the sta-tistical analysis of the data can be found in the report, Third Interlaboratory Study of Proposed Launder-Ometer Test for Colorfastness of Fabrics to Chlorine and Non-Chlorine Bleaches, October 21,1985, by J. W. Whitworth, Milliken Re-search Corp., Spartanburg, SC.11.3.2Visual Assessment . Four materi-als were tested at each of five laborato-ries. Three raters visually assessed the color change of four specimens. The components of variance as standard devi-ations of colorfastness grades were calcu-lated as follows:Single Operator Component 0.38Within-Laboratory Component0.28Between-Laboratory Component0.2711.3.3Critical Differences . For the components of variance in 11.3.2, two averages of observed values should be considered significantly different at the 95% probability level if the difference equals or exceeds the critical differences shown in Table IV .11.3.4Instrumental Assessment . Color change as total color difference (CIELAB) was measured on a spectro-Table III—Critical Differences, Grades,for the Condition Noted aNo. of Observations Single-Operator Precision Within-Lab Precision Between-Lab Precision10.75 1.20 1.3930.43 1.03 1.2550.33 1.00 1.22aThe critical differences were calculated using t =1.950 which is based on infinite degrees of freedom.Table IV—Critical Differences, Grades,for the Condition Noted aNo. of Observations Single-Operator Precision Within-Lab Precision Between-Lab Precision1 1.03 1.29 1.4930.590.98 1.2350.460.91 1.17aThe critical differences were calculated using t =1.950 which is based on infinite degrees of freedom.photometer or colorimeter using aper-tures ranging in size from 13-51 mm (0.5-2.0 in.) in diameter, illuminant D 65/10° observer or illuminant C/2° observer.Six materials were tested at each of six laboratories. One operator in each labora-tory tested four specimens of each fabric.The components of variance for ∆E* ex-pressed as coefficients of variation were calculated to be:Single-Operator Component6.8%Between-Laboratory Component11.2%11.3.5Critical Differences . For the components of variance reported in 11.3.4, two averages of observed values should be considered significantly differ-ent at the 95% probability level if the dif-ference equals or exceeds the critical dif-ferences shown in Table V .11.3.6Bias . Tests comparing five home launderings at 49°C (120°F) with one Launder-Ometer Test No. 5A indi-cate there is no bias between the two methods for the colorfastness levels eval-uated (see 12.13).12. Notes12.1 For potential equipment information pertaining to this test method, please visit the online AATCC Buyer’s Guide at /bg. AATCC provides the pos-sibility of listing equipment and materials sold by its Corporate members, but AATCC does not qualify, or in any way approve, endorse or certify that any of the listed equipment or materials meets the requirements in its test methods.12.2Teflon is a registered trademark of the DuPont Co., Wilmington DE 19898.12.3The preheater/storage unit may be a side unit to the laundering machine or a sepa-rate module with its individual electric heater and thermostat to control water bath tempera-tures for heating containers and solutions prior to loading the laundering machine.12.4Available from AATCC, P.O. Box 12215, Research Triangle Park NC 27709; tel:+1.919.549.8141; fax: +1.919.549.8933; e-mail:Table V—Critical Differences, Percent of Grand Average for the Conditions Noted a,bNo. of Observations in Each AverageSingle-Operator PrecisionBetween-Laboratory Precision118.736.2310.832.858.432.1aThe critical differences were calculated using t =1.950 which is based on infinite degrees of freedom.bTo convert the values of the critical differences to units of measure, multiply the critical differences by the average of the two specific sets of data being compared and then divide by 100.。
AATCC61洗涤(中文)
AATCC测试方法61-2006
家用和商用纺织品洗涤色牢度：加速法
1.1 这些加速洗涤测试是为了评价纺织品的耐洗涤色牢度，这些纺织品预计频繁经受洗涤。
纺织物由于典型5种手洗或家用洗涤，有氯或无氯洗涤，洗涤溶液和研磨作用而导致颜色损失和表面变化，大约需要45分钟进行一次测试（见9.2-9.6）。
然而，由5种手洗或家用洗涤产生的沾色影响通常不能通过45分钟的测试预测，沾色是着色纺织物与未染色纺织物比率的函数，在洗涤负荷和其他终端使用条件下，纺织物的纤维含量一般是难以预测的。
1.2 当本测试方法最初编制时，以加速洗涤为基础，测试方法的不同选项用来评价家用或商用洗涤产生的颜色变化和沾色。
近几年来，商用洗涤程序已经变化，今天的商用清洗包含许多不同类型的过程，取决于被清洗的产品的类型，不可能复制一种实验室加速程序。
2005年，由于不知道这些程序是否能复制今天使用的典型的商用洗涤过程，所有引用的商用洗涤均被除去。
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AATCC61 水洗色牢度
参考标准：AATCC 61家庭和商业洗涤色牢度：加速法1．目的和范围1．1这些加速洗涤方法用于评价耐频繁洗涤纺织材料的耐洗涤色牢度，织物由于5次手洗、家洗涤或商业洗涤中的洗涤剂和摩擦作用产生的掉色和表面变化，通过45分钟的测试大致模拟，但是，对于5次手洗、家庭洗涤和商业洗涤的沾色不总是能由45min的测试获得。
沾色是有色和无色纺织物的比例、洗涤负荷中织物纤维含量以及最终使用条件共同作用的结果，而这些不总是能够预测的。
2．原理2．1测试样在一定温度、洗涤剂、漂白和摩擦的作用下进行洗涤，产生的颜色变化类似于5次手洗或家庭洗涤或商业洗涤，颜色变化在较短的时间内获得，摩擦作用是通过织物与容器的摩擦效果，低浴比和不锈钢珠的撞击来完成。
3．设备、试剂和标准物质及测试样的准备3．1水洗牢度机（AATCC Launder-Ometer）3.1.1 恒温水浴：转速40±2rpm3.1.2 不锈钢罐Type1,500ml,75mm*125mm, 用于1A方法3.1.3不锈钢罐Type2，1200ml,90cm*200cm,用于2A，3A，4A，5A方法3.1.4 紧固板，在水洗牢度机支架上，用于固定不锈钢罐的。
3.1.5 不锈钢珠：直径6mm3.1.7预热/存储装置3.2 评级卡3.2.1 AATCC彩色转移灰卡3.2.2 变色灰卡3.2.3 沾色灰卡3.3 试剂和材料3.3.1 多纤维贴衬织物No.1和FB（纬向织物条，包含醋酸纤维、棉、尼龙、丝、粘胶和羊毛、0.8cm宽），No.10A和FAA（经向织物条，包含醋酸纤维，棉，尼龙，涤纶，腈纶和羊毛，1.5cm宽），No.10和FA（纬向织物条，包含醋酸纤维，棉，尼龙，涤纶，腈纶和羊毛，0.8cm宽）。
3.3.2 漂白织物：纯棉，退浆，无荧光增白剂,32*32根/cm，比重为136±10g/m2。
3.3.3 1993 AATCC标准洗涤剂WOB（不含荧光增白剂和磷酸盐）。
AATCC61-水洗色牢度
AATCC 61 家庭和商业水洗色牢度：快速法1.目的和范围1-1本快速洗涤测试可用来评定那些需经受多次家庭洗涤的纺织品的色牢度。
织物经五次典型的手洗、家庭或商业含氯或不含氯洗涤的洗涤剂溶液和磨擦作用所引起的变褪色结果很接近于一次 45 分钟的试验。
但五次手工、家庭和商业典型洗涤的沾色效果不能完全符合 45 分钟试验效果。
因为洗涤负荷中织物纤维含量、颜色沾到贴衬织物上的比例和其他最终用途条件等是不同的。
2.原理1-2在合适的温度、洗涤剂、漂白剂及摩擦情况的条件下对试样进行测试，这样其的颜色变化类似于五次手洗、家庭或商业洗涤的情况，颜色变化可可方便地在短时间内测出。
洗涤时的摩擦行为包含有织物和钢杯，低的浴比及钢球撞击织物等形成。
3.术语3-1 色牢度：材料抵抗颜色变化的能力，包含本身的颜色变化和沾到相邻布上的情况，这种可能会出现在生产过程中，测试、储存及使用过程中。
3-2 洗涤：对纺织材料，通过水溶液洗涤剂洗涤并清洗、脱水和干燥，以洗去污渍的过程。
4.安全措施注：这些安全措施仅作为信息提供。
作为测试过程的辅助措施，安全正确地进行实验操作是操作者的责任。
生产商必须对安全细节如安全数据表及其他生产商的推荐进行指导。
所有的OSHA标准和规定也必被参考和遵守。
4-1 应遵循优秀实验室的操作方法，在实验室里要佩带防护眼镜。
4-2所有化学制品必需小心处理。
4-3 AATCC 1993标准参考洗涤剂可致敏，需注意不可碰到眼睛和皮肤。
4-4 应就近装备安全雨淋设施以备急用。
4-5 当操作仪器时，应参照仪器生产商的安全说明。
5. 仪器、助剂及原料5-1水洗牢度仪5-1-1 水洗牢度机：可以在恒温控制水浴中以 40± 2 rpm 的速度转动密封的钢杯。
5-1-2 可锁在仪器上的不锈钢杯：型号I：体积：500ml，直径：75mm，高为125m，适用于1A。
5-1-3 可锁在仪器上的不锈钢杯：型号Ⅱ：体积：1200ml，直径：90mm，高为200mm，适用于2A、3A、4A和5A。
泡水色牢度英文
泡水色牢度英文1. 引言泡水色牢度是指某种材料在水中浸泡后，其颜色是否能够保持不变的能力。
在纺织品、染料和其他相关行业中，泡水色牢度是一个重要的指标，用于评估材料的质量和耐用性。
本文将探讨泡水色牢度的英文表达，以及与泡水色牢度相关的领域术语和测试方法。
2. 泡水色牢度的英文表达在英文中，泡水色牢度可以被表达为”Wash Fastness”或”Color Fastness to Washing”。
这两个表达方式都是常见且广泛使用的，用于描述材料在洗涤过程中颜色的保持能力。
3. 泡水色牢度的测试方法为了评估材料的泡水色牢度，通常会使用标准化的测试方法。
下面是常见的几种测试方法：3.1. ISO 105-C06 泡水色牢度测试方法ISO 105-C06是国际标准化组织（ISO）制定的泡水色牢度测试方法之一。
该方法适用于各种纺织品和染料，能够准确评估材料在水中浸泡后颜色的持久性。
测试步骤如下： 1. 准备样品和标准布料。
2. 将样品和标准布料放入洗衣机中。
3. 设定适当的洗涤条件，如水温、洗涤剂浓度和洗涤时间。
4. 完成洗涤后，取出样品和标准布料并晾干。
5. 使用灰度标准比较样品和标准布料的颜色变化程度。
3.2. AATCC 61 泡水色牢度测试方法AATCC 61是美国纺织化学家和染料师协会（AATCC）制定的泡水色牢度测试方法之一。
该方法主要适用于纺织品，用于评估材料在水中浸泡后颜色的保持能力。
测试步骤如下： 1. 准备样品和标准布料。
2. 将样品和标准布料放入洗涤机中。
3. 设定适当的洗涤条件，如水温、洗涤剂浓度和洗涤时间。
4. 完成洗涤后，取出样品和标准布料并晾干。
5. 使用灰度标准比较样品和标准布料的颜色变化程度。
3.3. GB/T 3921 泡水色牢度测试方法GB/T 3921是中国国家标准化管理委员会（SAC）制定的泡水色牢度测试方法之一。
该方法适用于纺织品，用于评估材料在水中浸泡后颜色的持久性。
耐洗色牢度AATCC 61测试准备条件
耐洗色牢度AATCC 61测试准备条件耐水洗色牢度仪各种纺织品的水洗色牢度、干洗色牢度、漂洗色牢度、洗衣粉效能及其它耐洗、耐干洗色牢度的试验，最高温度可达95℃，还可考核染料耐洗色牢度性能的试验。
本文重点介绍关于耐洗色牢度AATCC 61测试准备条件。
范围(1)本测试是一种加速的洗烫方法，以评估纺织品耐频繁洗烫的色牢度。
原理(1) 样品在适当的温度，洗涤液、漂白和磨擦条件下产生的变色可模拟5次手洗、家用或商用洗涤效果。
以便样品的变色能在短时间内评价。
(2) 磨擦作用是通过织物与筒子之间磨擦、低浴比溶液和钢珠在织物上产生的影响。
3.准备条件(1)洗水牢度仪(2)标准的不锈钢杯仪器/材料根据测试样No.1A -75 ? 125 mm (3.0? ? 5.0?),选用的容量为500毫升For Test No. 2A - 90 ? 200 mm (3.5? ? 8.0?), 1200 ml capacity根据测试样No.2A-90 ? 200 mm (3.5? ? 8.0?),选用的容量为1200毫升(3)不锈钢珠，直径为6 mm(0.25?)(4)经漂白、退浆过的无荧光增白剂的棉织物，32?32经密?纬密/厘米(80?80经密?纬密/英寸)结构,布重136 ± 10 g/m2 (4.0 ± 0.3 oz/yd2)。
(5)多纤维测试织物No. 1 与FB, No. 10 与FA 和No. 10A 与FAA(6)AATCC颜色转移卡(7)AATCC变色灰尺(8)AATCC沾色灰尺(9)1993 AATCC 标准洗涤剂WOB(不含荧光增白剂及无磷酸盐)(10) 标准洗涤剂(含荧光增白剂)(11)蒸馏水/去离子水(12)1升的容量瓶(13)250ml的量筒(14)2000ml，500ml的烧杯(15) C0 - 100°C的温度计(16) Hot plate。
AATCC61 水洗色牢度
参考标准：AATCC 61家庭和商业洗涤色牢度：加速法1．目的和范围1．1这些加速洗涤方法用于评价耐频繁洗涤纺织材料的耐洗涤色牢度，织物由于5次手洗、家洗涤或商业洗涤中的洗涤剂和摩擦作用产生的掉色和表面变化，通过45分钟的测试大致模拟，但是，对于5次手洗、家庭洗涤和商业洗涤的沾色不总是能由45min的测试获得。
沾色是有色和无色纺织物的比例、洗涤负荷中织物纤维含量以及最终使用条件共同作用的结果，而这些不总是能够预测的。
2．原理2．1测试样在一定温度、洗涤剂、漂白和摩擦的作用下进行洗涤，产生的颜色变化类似于5次手洗或家庭洗涤或商业洗涤，颜色变化在较短的时间内获得，摩擦作用是通过织物与容器的摩擦效果，低浴比和不锈钢珠的撞击来完成。
3．设备、试剂和标准物质及测试样的准备3．1水洗牢度机（AATCC Launder-Ometer）3.1.1 恒温水浴：转速40±2rpm3.1.2 不锈钢罐Type1,500ml,75mm*125mm, 用于1A方法3.1.3不锈钢罐Type2，1200ml,90cm*200cm,用于2A，3A，4A，5A方法3.1.4 紧固板，在水洗牢度机支架上，用于固定不锈钢罐的。
3.1.5 不锈钢珠：直径6mm3.1.7预热/存储装置3.2 评级卡3.2.1 AATCC彩色转移灰卡3.2.2 变色灰卡3.2.3 沾色灰卡3.3 试剂和材料3.3.1 多纤维贴衬织物No.1和FB（纬向织物条，包含醋酸纤维、棉、尼龙、丝、粘胶和羊毛、0.8cm宽），No.10A和FAA（经向织物条，包含醋酸纤维，棉，尼龙，涤纶，腈纶和羊毛，1.5cm宽），No.10和FA（纬向织物条，包含醋酸纤维，棉，尼龙，涤纶，腈纶和羊毛，0.8cm宽）。
3.3.2 漂白织物：纯棉，退浆，无荧光增白剂,32*32根/cm，比重为136±10g/m2。
3.3.3 1993 AATCC标准洗涤剂WOB（不含荧光增白剂和磷酸盐）。
AATCC 中文完整版
干洗色牢度(AATCC 132)1.仪器及材料1.1 水洗色牢度实验机1.2不锈钢洗杯：直径为75mm，高为125mm，容量为500ml。
1.3 不锈钢珠1.4 未染色斜纹棉布：克重为270+70g/m2，未经整理过的，切割成尺寸为120mm x120mm的布片1.5 全氯乙烯,干洗级1.6 AATCC变色灰卡，AATCC沾色灰卡1.7 分光光度计1.8 摩擦附布1.9 洗涤剂，Perk-Sheen2.测试样品2.1 如果被测试物为织物，每种样布取3块样品，每块样品尺寸为10x5cm。
长边方向平行于经向或纬向。
2.2 如果被测试物为纱线，将其织成尺寸为10x 5cm的织片，长边方向平行于经向或纬向。
2.3 样品准备3.测试程序3.1 将两块未染色的正方形棉斜纹布沿三边缝合，制成一个内尺寸为100mm x100mm的布袋，将一块试样和12片不锈钢圆片放入袋中，用任何方便的形式缝住袋口。
3.2 把装有试样和钢片的布袋放在容器内，在30C+2加入200ml全氯乙烯，如用其它溶剂，需在报告中说明。
在规定的装置中，30C+2C处理试样30min。
3.3 从溶剂中拿出布袋，取出试样，夹于吸水袋或布之间，挤压或离心去除多余的溶剂，将试样悬挂在温度为60+5的热空气中烘干。
3.4 用灰卡评定试样的变色3.5 实验结束后，用滤纸过滤留在容器中的溶剂。
将过滤后的溶剂和空白溶剂到入置于白卡前的比色管，采用透射光，用评定沾色用灰卡比较两者的染色。
汗渍色牢度(AATCC15)1．设备，材料和试剂1.1 AATCC 汗渍实验器或等同装置（带有塑料，玻璃压片）1.2 烘箱—对流式1.3 天平，精确度到0.0011.4 多纤维附布NO.10或FA1.5 pH计，精确度到0.01。
1.6 5步或9步AATCCA彩色沾色灰卡或沾色灰卡。
1.7 变色灰卡1.8 轧车1.9 白色吸水纸1.10 酸性人工汗液。
2.试剂的准备2.1 在一个容积为一升的容量瓶中装入半升蒸馏水。
AATCC中文完整版
AATCC中文完整版（一）干洗色牢度----AATCC 1321.仪器及材料1.1 水洗色牢度实验机1.2不锈钢洗杯：直径为75mm，高为125mm，容量为500ml。
1.3 不锈钢珠1.4 未染色斜纹棉布：克重为270+70g/m2，未经整理过的，切割成尺寸为120mm x120mm的布片1.5 全氯乙烯,干洗级1.6 AATCC变色灰卡，AATCC沾色灰卡1.7 分光光度计1.8 摩擦附布1.9 洗涤剂，Perk-Sheen2.测试样品2.1 如果被测试物为织物，每种样布取3块样品，每块样品尺寸为10x5cm。
长边方向平行于经向或纬向。
2.2 如果被测试物为纱线，将其织成尺寸为10x 5cm的织片，长边方向平行于经向或纬向。
2.3 样品准备2.3.13.测试程序3.1 将两块未染色的正方形棉斜纹布沿三边缝合，制成一个内尺寸为100mmx100mm的布袋，将一块试样和12片不锈钢圆片放入袋中，用任何方便的形式缝住袋口。
3.2 把装有试样和钢片的布袋放在容器内，在30C+2加入200ml 全氯乙烯，如用其它溶剂，需在报告中说明。
在规定的装臵中，30C+2C处理试样30min。
3.3 从溶剂中拿出布袋，取出试样，夹于吸水袋或布之间，挤压或离心去除多余的溶剂，将试样悬挂在温度为60+5的热空气中烘干。
3.4 用灰卡评定试样的变色3.5 实验结束后，用滤纸过滤留在容器中的溶剂。
将过滤后的溶剂和空白溶剂到入臵于白卡前的比色管，采用透射光，用评定沾色用灰卡比较两者的染色。
（二）汗渍色牢度----AATCC151．设备，材料和试剂1.1 AATCC 汗渍实验器或等同装臵（带有塑料，玻璃压片）1.2 烘箱—对流式1.3 天平，精确度到0.0011.4 多纤维附布NO.10或FA1.5 pH计，精确度到0.01。
1.6 5步或9步AATCCA彩色沾色灰卡或沾色灰卡。
1.7 变色灰卡1.8 轧车1.9 白色吸水纸1.10 酸性人工汗液。
AATCC61：2013美国水洗色牢度中文翻译
耐水洗色牢度：加速法1.目的与范围1.1 本加速洗涤测试方法，用于评价纺织品经频繁洗涤后的水洗色牢度，织物经五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤的洗涤剂溶液和摩擦作用所引起的褪色及表面变化，接近于一次45 分钟的试验。
然而，五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤所造成的沾染程度，并不能通过 45min 的测试来预测。
因为洗涤负荷中织物纤维成分、颜色沾到贴衬织物上的比例和其他最终用途条件等是不同的。
1.2 当本方法最初建立的时候，评价因五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤产生的色变和沾色的方法各种各样。
这些年来，由于实验室的一次加速洗涤过程不能重现各种不同的洗涤过程，商业洗涤过程已经变得包含了各种不同的过程，在2005 年，所有参考那些不能准确反映如今使用的典型商业洗涤过程已经被废止。
2.原理2.1 试样在合适的温度，洗涤液，漂白和摩擦作用下测试，试样的颜色变化可在较短时间内获得。
这种摩擦作用是通过试样与容器，低浴比溶液及钢球的冲击而产生的结果。
3.术语3.1 色牢度——材料对于其任何颜色性能的变化，其染料转移到邻近材料或者两种现象同时出现的抗耐性，上述现象通常是材料在其加工，测试，储存或者使用中可能遇到的环境作用的结果。
3.2 洗涤——对纺织材料，通过水溶液洗涤剂洗涤并清洗、脱水和干燥，以洗去污渍的过程。
4.安全措施注：这些安全措施仅作为信息提供。
作为测试过程的辅助措施，安全正确地进行实验操作是操作者的责任。
生产商必须对安全细节如安全数据表及其他生产商的推荐进行指导。
必须参考和遵守所有的OSHA 标准和规定。
4.1 遵循良好的实验室管理规范，在实验室区域佩带护目镜。
4.2 所有化学品必须小心轻放。
4.3 AATCC 1993标准洗涤剂AATCC 2003标准洗涤剂可致敏，需注意不可碰到眼睛和皮肤。
4.4 应就近装备洗眼器 / 安全冲淋设施以备急用。
4.5 当操作仪器时，应参照仪器生产商的安全说明。
5.设备及物料5.1 皂洗机5.1.1 皂洗机，可将密封的容器在恒温控制的水溶中转动，速度为40 ±2rpm5.1.2 500ml 的不锈钢杯，用于1A 测试 75 x 125 mm(3.0 x 5.0 inch)5.1.3 1200ml 的不锈钢杯， 90 x 200 mm （3.5 x 8.0 inch ）（用于 1B,2A，3A，4A 和 5A 测试）5.1.4 将钢杯 (5.1.3) 固定在皂洗机上的架子。
耐洗色牢度AATCC
1.0Scope范围(1)This test is an accelerated laundering test to evaluate the colourfastness tolaundering of textiles which are expected to withstand frequent laundering.本测试是一种加速的洗烫方法，以评估纺织品耐频繁洗烫的色牢度。
2.0Principle原理(1)Specimens are tested under appropriate conditions of temperature, detergentsolution, bleaching and abrasive action such that the colour change is similar tothat occurring in 5 hand, home, or commercial launderings. The colour change ofspecimen is then evaluated in a conveniently short time.样品在适当的温度，洗涤液、漂白和磨擦条件下产生的变色可模拟5次手洗、家用或商用洗涤效果。
以便样品的变色能在短时间内评价。
(2)The abrasive action is a result of the frictional effects of fabric against canister,the low liquor ratio and the impact of the steel balls on the fabric.磨擦作用是通过织物与筒子之间磨擦、低浴比溶液和钢珠在织物上产生的影响。
3.0Apparatus / Material仪器/材料(1)Launder-ometer洗水牢度仪(2)Standard stainless steel cylinders:标准的不锈钢杯For Test No. 1A - 75 ⨯ 125 mm (3.0"⨯ 5.0"), 500 ml capacity根据测试样No.1A -75 ⨯ 125 mm (3.0"⨯ 5.0"),选用的容量为500毫升For Test No. 2A - 90 ⨯ 200 mm (3.5"⨯ 8.0"), 1200 ml capacity根据测试样No.2A-90 ⨯ 200 mm (3.5"⨯ 8.0"),选用的容量为1200毫升(3)Stainless steel balls, diameter 6 mm (0.25")不锈钢珠，直径为6 mm（0.25"）(4)Bleached cotton test fabric, 32 ⨯ 32 ends ⨯ picks/cm (80 ⨯ 80 ends ⨯ picks/in.)construction, 136 ±10 g/m2(4.0 ±0.3 oz/yd2), desized without fluorescentwhitening agent.经漂白、退浆过的无荧光增白剂的棉织物，32⨯32经密⨯纬密/厘米（80⨯80经密⨯纬密/英寸）结构,布重136 ± 10 g/m2 (4.0 ± 0.3 oz/yd2)。
AATCC-15：2013美国汗渍色牢度中文翻译
AATCC-15：2013美国汗渍色牢度中文翻译AATCC 15 耐汗渍色牢度1．目的和适用范围1.1 本方法用于测定有色纺织品耐酸性汗液作用的色牢度适用于各类染色，印花或者其它方式上色的纺织纤维，纱线和织物，同样适用于上染纺织品的染料。
1.2 RA52委员会的工作表明这种测试与有限的领域研究有关，在进行测试前进行酸、碱性测试，然后，研究结果表明，碱性测试可以被取消。
2．测试原理附有其它纺织材料（为了色转移）的有色纺织品样品在模拟酸性汗溶液中浸透。
在固定装置压力的条件下，可以慢慢提高温度慢慢干燥。
调湿后，评定试样的变色和多纤维贴衬的沾色级别。
3．术语3.1 色牢度，名词—材料对于其任何颜色性能的变化，其染料转移到邻近材料或者两种现象同时出现的抗耐性，上述现象通常是材料在其加工，测试，储存或者使用中可能遇到的环境作用的结果。
3.2汗液，名词—一种汗腺分泌的含盐的液体4．安全防范注意：这些安全防范仅供了解。
这种防范是从属于测试程序不一定要包括在内。
用这种测试方法操作材料时，使用安全和正确的技术是使用者的责任，制作者必须考虑一些特别的细节，如材料安全资表和其它的制作者建议，所有的OSHA标准和规则都必须考虑和遵循。
4.1遵守良好的实验室管理规范,在实验室区域佩戴护目镜。
4.2所有的化学品必须小心轻放。
4.3观察轧干机的安全，特别是在夹点。
5．设备，材料和试剂5.1 AATCC汗渍色牢度试验仪，汗液测量仪或相关的装置（与设备相配备的塑料和玻璃片）5.2烘箱—对流型。
5.3天平，精度为0.001g5.4多纤维贴衬（8mm,0.33inch)标准多纤维贴衬织物包含醋酯，棉，尼龙，真丝，粘胶和羊毛，适用于含真丝的样品，标准多纤维贴衬织物包含醋酯，棉，尼龙，真丝，腈纶和羊毛，适用于不含真丝的样品5.5 PH计，精度为0.015.6 AATCC9级沾色彩卡或沾色灰卡5.7 AATCC变色灰卡5.8轧车5.9 AATCC白色吸水纸5.10 酸性汗渍溶液6．酸性溶液的制备6.1在1L容量瓶中加入0.5L的蒸馏水，称取加入下列化学试剂，混合并确保所有化学试剂完全溶解：氯化钠（NaCl）：10±0.01g/L乳酸，USP85%：1±0.01g/L无水磷酸氢二钠（Na2HPO4）：1±0.01g/L单氯化氢L-组氨酸：0.25±0.001g/L再加入蒸馏水定容至1L6.2用PH计测量溶液的PH值，如果该溶液的PH值不为4.3±0.2，应废弃该溶液并重新配置新试剂，确保所有配料称量准确。
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耐水洗色牢度：加速法
1.目的与范围
2.1.1本加速洗涤测试方法，用于评价纺织品经频繁洗涤后的水洗色牢度，织物经五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤的洗涤剂溶液和摩擦作用所引起的褪色及表面变化，接近于一次45分钟的试验。
然而，五次经典的手洗或家庭洗涤所造成的沾染程度，并不能通过
1.2
2.原理
2.1
结果。
3.术语
3.1
3.2洗涤——对纺织材料，通过水溶液洗涤剂洗涤并清洗、脱水和干燥，以洗去污渍的过程。
4.安全措施
注：这些安全措施仅作为信息提供。
作为测试过程的辅助措施，安全正确地进行实验操作是操作者的责任。
生产商必须对安全细节如安全数据表及其他生产商的推荐进行指导。
必须参考和遵守所有的OSHA标准和规定。
?
4.1遵循良好的实验室管理规范，在实验室区域佩带护目镜。
?
4.2所有化学品必须小心轻放。
?
4.3?AATCC1993标准洗涤剂AATCC2003标准洗涤剂可致敏，需注意不可碰到眼睛和皮肤。
?
4.4?应就近装备洗眼器/安全冲淋设施以备急用。
?
4.5?当操作仪器时，应参照仪器生产商的安全说明。
5.设备及物料
5.1
5.1.1
40±
用于
5.1.4
5.1.5
5.1.6
5.1.7
5.1.8
5.2
5.2.2AATCC变色灰卡（AATCC评价程序1）
5.2.3AATCC沾色灰卡（AATCC评价程序2）
5.3试剂和材料
5.3.1标准多纤维织物NO.1包括醋酯，棉，尼龙，真丝，粘胶，羊毛。
1标准多纤维织物NO.10包括醋酯，棉，尼龙，涤纶，腈纶，羊毛。
5.3.2组织为经纬80x80/inch、布重为100±3g/sq.m(3.0±0.1oz/sq.yd)的测试用
漂白棉布，无荧光增白剂（参考12.5）
5.3.3AATCC1993标准洗涤剂WOB（不含荧光增白剂），或者AATCC2003标准洗涤剂WOB（含荧光增白剂）
5.3.4AATCC1993标准洗涤剂(含荧光增白剂)，或者AATCC2003标准液体洗涤剂(含荧光增白剂)
5.3.5蒸馏水或去离子水
5.3.6次氯酸钠NaClO
5.3.7
5.3.8
5.3.11
6.试样
6.12A，3A，4A
6.2
6.2.1
6.3对
6.4准备样本
6.4.1准备单组分纤维为8mm宽的多纤维贴衬织物。
尺寸为5cm正方形的标准多纤维贴衬织物No.1或No.10，将其与试样正面贴合在一起，沿5cm的一边缝合，纤维条与试样纵向平行，其中羊毛纤维条放在试样长度方向的右边。
6.4.2准备单组分纤维为15mm宽的多纤维布。
尺寸为5cm×10cm的标准多纤维贴衬织物No.10A，将其与试样正面贴合，贴在10cm或15cm的一边的中央位置并缝合，
纤维条与试样宽度方向平行，其中羊毛纤维条在试样上方以防纤维损失。
6.4.3测试中为防止针织物试样卷边，建议将其四周与同样大小的漂白棉布缝合在一起，使织物表面获得匀整的效果。
在针织试样的正面附上标准多纤维织物。
6.4.4标准多纤维织物起绒织物正面贴合，并将标准多纤维织物与试样反绒毛方向的顶部相连接
6.5当要测试的样本是纱线时，可以用以下两种试验方法的其中一种。
6.5.1将其织成织物，按每个样本都要保留一块未经洗涤的原样。
，
7.2将洗涤色牢度仪中的水浴温度调节至规定要求，按表1要求配置洗涤液，将溶液预热至指定温度。
7.3测试1A用75×125mm（3×5inch）的不锈钢杯，2A、3A、4A和5A，则用90×200mm （3.5×8.0inch）的不锈钢杯
7.3.1在1B、1A、2A或3A的测试容器中加入指定的洗涤剂量(见表1)
7.3.2对4A试验，先制备1500ppm的有效氯溶液。
加入的次氯酸钠量(g)=159.4/次氯酸钠的浓度，将以上加入的次氯酸钠量溶于水中，配成1L溶液。
在测试容器内加入45ml的指定洗涤剂溶液和5ml的1500ppm有效氯溶液。
7.3.3对5A试验，加入的次氯酸钠量(g)=4.54/次氯酸钠的浓度。
在量筒中加入次氯酸钠的量和指定洗涤剂溶液配成150ml溶液。
准备此溶液分别加入每个钢杯中。
7.3.4在每个测试圆筒中放入指定数量的不锈钢珠或白色橡胶球。
7.4
7.4.1
7.4.2
（3.5×
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
入烧杯中，用40±3°C水冲洗试样1分钟，重复三次。
并应间或搅拌或用手挤压。
可用离心机或滚筒压轴将多余水除去。
将样本放在温度不超过71℃（160℉）的焙烘箱内烘干，亦可放样本在尼龙袋内然后放在自动旋转干衣机内，通常干衣机的出口温度为60-71℃或在空气中风干。
7.9评级前将样本放相对湿度为65±2%及温度为21±1℃调湿1小时
7.10在评估前，先将样本的缝线剪去并将织物弄平滑，抓毛织物，则把有细毛一面
擦顺，为方便评估，可将样本订在白卡纸上，白卡纸的Y刺激值至少为85%，根据AATCC程序1和2或者设备评价程序7，装订材料不能妨碍评级。
7.10.1样本若为纱线，则在与未洗试前纱线比较前，先将其梳或擦顺然后再作比较。
8评估
8.1评估色变
8.1.1使用变色灰卡去评估样本的颜色改变，为了提高准确性，评估应由多过一人作出,颜色的改变，亦可以用一些如测色仪或分光光度计等，用适当的软件（参考AATCC
8.2
8.2.2
9.1
9.21A
9.31B
9.42A号试验——这试验是专为评估多次低温机洗时（家庭中或商业上）织物颜色的坚牢度而设。
测试样本颜色的变化应与五种在温度38±3℃商业机洗或五种温度在38±3℃家庭用洗衣机洗涤方法类似。
9.53A号试验——这试验是特别为评估可抵受强力洗涤的织物颜色坚牢度而设。
试验样本颜色的变化应与五种商业机洗（49±3℃）或五种家庭用机洗（60±3℃）的方法类似。
两者皆不含氯。
9.64A试验——这试验是用来评估织物的颜色坚牢度在有效氯存在时而设。
样本颜色的改变应与五种温度在71±3℃，每45.4kg衣物中有1.9L（或等如1%）氯含量的商业机洗或五种温度在63±3℃每3.6kg衣物中有3.74g/L的氯含量的洗涤方法类似。
9.75A号试验——这试验是用来评估织物颜色在含有效氯的情况下的坚牢度，样本经测试后的颜色改变，应与五种在温度49±3℃的家庭洗涤方法类似，当中应含有200±1ppm的有效氯含量。
10报告
10.1
10.2
10.312.12）10.4
10.5
10.6。