新人教版八年级上册期末复习(一)
人教版新目标八年级上英语期末综合复习(有答案)
八年级英语上册期末综合测试题一、词汇--用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. If you want to be ( health ) ,you should eat less meat and exercise more.2. -How often do you exercise?- (two) a week.3. Ssh! Don’t speak so (loud) .The baby is sleeping.4. Li Lei runs (fast) of all. He is the (win) .5. We planned (take)a trip during the holidays6. Kangkang wants to be a (piano) when he grows up.7. At the (begin) of this term, we planted many trees.8. If it (not rain) tomorrow, I (visit) the Great Wall.9. I’m looking forward to (hear) from you soon10. Next year Kelly (study) hard and (get) good grades.二. 单项选择。
( )1. - How do you make a fruit salad?-Well, the fruit, cut it ,put it in a plate.A. wash ; offB. peel ; offC. make ; upD. peel ; up( )2. He can’t play the guitar well , he practices it every day.A. unlessB. ifC. althoughD. When( )3. There a spots meeting in two days.A. will beB. is go to haveC. isD. Are( )4. - will you come back from school ?- In about half an hour.A. How longB. How oftenC. What timeD. How soon( )5. Sally can’t go to school his illness(疾病）.A. BecauseB. ForC. WithD. Because of( )6.Is there in today’s newspaper?A. something importantB. anything importantC. important somethingD. important anything( )7.I like Green Theater best because it has seats in our city!A. most comfortableB. the most comfortableC. more comfortablyD. the most comfortably( )8.To be healthy, you should eat meat(肉）and do exercise.A.more, lessB. less, moreC. more, moreD. less, less( )9.-How honey do you need to make this kind of cake? -One spoon..A.littleB. bigC. muchD. many( )10.-Help to some apples, children.-Thank you.A. youB. yourC. yourselvesD. yourself( ）11.Thanks for ________me your party.A. invite ;toB. inviting; forC. inviting, toD. invitation for（）12. I’m too busy now. I have homework to do.A. much tooB. too manyC. too muchD. many too（）13. Could you tell me________ next?A. how to doB. what to doC. when to doD. what to do it（）14. -Can you come to my birthday party this evening?- ________.A. Yes, I can’tB. Sorry, I can’tC. No, I can’t.D. Sorry, I can（）15. —Do you know the final of men ’s singles will be played between Wang Liqin and Ma Lin?—Yes, I felt when I heard the news.A. excited, excitingB. exciting, excitedC. excited, excitedD. exciting, exciting（）16. -Have you ever been to Disneyland?-No, .I hope I can go there next year.A. alwaysB. oftenC. sometimesD. never（）17.The Internet is becoming .A. more and more popularB. more popular and more popularC.popular and popular D. more popular（）18. We are good at .A.swimingB. swimmingC. swimsD.to swim（）19.FM97.4 is the best it plays popular music every day.A. fast food restaurantB. music storeC. radio stationD. clothing store（）20.I’m ,and I have an sister.A.13 year old;18-year-oldB.13-year-old;18 years oldC.13 years old;18-year-oldD.13 -years- old;18-year-old三．.完形填空Kate and Sandy are sisters from the US. They used to live in the countryside in a big house with a big yard, but they now live in town.Kate is older than Sandy and much 1 . She really likes living in town because she think 2 is more exciting than countryside life . She loves all the parks, shops and cinemas in town, and she 3 playing with other children in the neighborhood. She likes to call her friends every evening and talk for hours. 4 the weekend, she and her friends usually go out shopping or go to a movie.Sandy ,the youngest sister is 5 quieter than Kate. She misses countryside life and the quiet of their old countryside house. She often feels that she can’t 6 the town . She longs for (渴望）less 7 and fewer cars. On holidays, she always asks her parents to let her go and visit her Aunt Peggy. Aunt Peggy still lives in the 8 ,and Sandy likes to go there to escape(逃离）the noise of town life. Her favorite thing to do is to get up early in the morning and go out for a run. She loves to run on the silent country roads and hear 9 but the birds singing. She often tells Kate that the quiet of nature is 10 noise in the world.( )1.A.more outgoing B. quite C. quieter D. outgoing( )2.A.life B. town life C. town D. here( ) 3.A.dislikes B. enjoys C. hopes D. hates( )4.A.On B. To C. For D. In( )5.A.even B. much C. very D. more( )6.A.love B. mind C. stand D. live( )7.A.buildings B. people C. free time D. noise( )8.A.city B. countryside C .town D. house( )9.A.nothing B. something C. anything D. everything( )10.A.the only B. good C. more beautiful D. the best四．阅读理解阅读下面的短文，选择正确的句子还原短文，其中一项是多余的。
2021-2022学年人教版八年级数学上册《因式分解》期末综合复习训练1(附答案)
2021-2022学年人教版八年级数学上册《因式分解》期末综合复习训练1（附答案）1．已知x﹣y＝2，xy＝，那么x3y+3x2y2+xy3的值为（）A．3B．6C．D．2．若＝9×11×13，则k＝（）A．12B．11C．10D．93．如图所示，长方形中放入5张长为x，宽为y的相同的小长方形，其中A，B，C三点在同一条直线上．若阴影部分的面积为52，大长方形的周长为36，则一张小长方形的面积为（）A．3B．4C．5D．64．4张长为m，宽为n（m＞n）的长方形纸片，按如图的方式拼成一个边长为（m+n）的正方形，图中空白部分的面积为S1，阴影部分的面积为S2，若S1＝S2，则m，n满足的关系式是（）A．m＝1.5n B．m＝2n C．m＝2.5n D．m＝3n5．224﹣1可以被60和70之间某两个数整除，这两个数是（）A．64，63B．61，65C．61，67D．63，656．若（20212﹣4）（20202﹣4）＝2023×2019×2018m，则m的值是（）A．2020B．2021C．2022D．20247．一个自然数若能表示为相邻两个自然数的平方差，则这个自然数称为智数，比如：22﹣12＝3，3就是智数，从0开始，不大于2021的智数共有（）A．1009B．1010C．1011D．以上都不对8．已知x2+3x﹣3＝0，则代数式x3+5x2+3x﹣10的值为（）A．﹣1B．10C．6D．﹣49．若s+t＝4，则s2﹣t2+8t的值是（）A．8B．12C．16D．3210．已知a﹣2b＝2，那么a2﹣4b2﹣8b+1的值为．11．已知x2﹣3x+1＝0，则﹣2x2+6x＝；x3﹣2x2﹣2x+9＝．12．把多项式2x2﹣4x分解因式的结果是．13．分解因式：﹣9a2+b2＝．14．若4x2﹣（k﹣1）x+9能用完全平方公式因式分解，则k的值为．15．分解因式：﹣（a+2）2+16（a﹣1）2＝．16．因式分解：x4﹣18x2+81＝．17．因式分解：（a+2b）2﹣8ab的结果是．18．因式分解：x3+x2y﹣xy2﹣y3．19．分解因式：a2+4b2+c4﹣4ab﹣2ac2+4bc2﹣1．20．选择适当的方法分解下列多项式（1）x2+9y2+4z2﹣6xy+4xz﹣12yz（2）（a2+5a+4）（a2+5a+6）﹣120．21．分解因式：（1）（x﹣1）（x+3）+4（2）﹣3ab3+12ab2﹣12ab．22．阅读下列材料：已知二次三项式2x2+5x+m有一个因式是（x+3），求另一个因式以及m 的值．解：设另一个因式为（2x+n），得2x2+5x+m＝（x+3）（2x+n）展开，得2x2+5x+m＝2x2+（n+6）x+3n∴解得∴另一个因式为（2x﹣1），m的值为﹣3．仿照以上做法解答下题：已知二次三项式2x2+3x+k有一个因式为（x﹣1），求另一个因式及k的值．23．分解因式：x2+12x﹣189，分析：由于常数项数值较大，则将x2+12x﹣189变为完全平方公式，再运用平方差公式进行分解，这样简单易行．x2+12x﹣189＝x2+2*6x+62﹣36﹣189＝（x+6）2﹣225＝（x+6）2﹣152＝（x+6+15）（x+6﹣15）＝（x+21）（x﹣9）请按照上面的方法分解因式：x2﹣60x+884．24．阅读下列材料：材料1、将一个形如x2+px+q的二次三项式因式分解时，如果能满足q＝mn且p＝m+n，则可以把x2+px+q因式分解成（x+m）（x+n）（1）x2+4x+3＝（x+1）（x+3）（2）x2﹣4x﹣12＝（x﹣6）（x+2）材料2、因式分解：（x+y）2+2（x+y）+1解：将“x+y”看成一个整体，令x+y＝A，则原式＝A2+2A+1＝（A+1）2再将“A”还原，得：原式＝（x+y+1）2上述解题用到“整体思想”，整体思想是数学解题中常见的一种思想方法，请你解答下列问题：（1）根据材料1，把x2﹣6x+8分解因式．（2）结合材料1和材料2，完成下面小题：①分解因式：（x﹣y）2+4（x﹣y）+3；②分解因式：m（m+2）（m2+2m﹣2）﹣3．25．阅读理解应用待定系数法：设某一多项式的全部或部分系数为未知数、利用当两个多项式为恒等式时，同类项系数相等的原理确定这些系数，从而得到待求的值．待定系数法可以应用到因式分解中，例如问题：因式分解：x3﹣1．因为x3﹣1为三次多项式，若能因式分解，则可以分解成一个一次多项式和一个二次多项式的乘积．故我们可以猜想x3﹣1可以分解成（x﹣1）（x2+ax+b），展开等式右边得：x3+（a﹣1）x2+（b﹣a）x﹣b，根据待定系数法原理，等式两边多项式的同类项的对应系数相等：a﹣1＝0，b﹣a＝0，﹣b＝﹣1可以求出a＝1，b＝1．所以x3﹣1＝（x﹣1）（x2+x+1）．（1）若x取任意值，等式x2+2x+3＝x2+（3﹣a）x+s恒成立，则a＝；（2）已知多项式x3+2x+3有因式x+1，请用待定系数法求出该多项式的另一因式；（3）请判断多项式x4+x2+1是否能分解成两个整系数二次多项式的乘积，并说明理由．参考答案1．解：∵x﹣y＝2，xy＝，∴原式＝xy（x2+3xy+y2）＝xy（x2﹣2xy+y2+5xy）＝xy[（x﹣y）2+5xy]＝×（4+）＝3．故选：D．2．解：＝9×11×13，（10+1）（10﹣1）（12+1）（12﹣1）＝9×11×13k，11×9×13×11＝9×11×13k，∴k＝11．故选：B．3．解：依题意得：，即，（①2﹣②）÷2，得：xy＝5．∴一张小长方形的面积为5．故选：C．4．解：大正方形的面积为（m+n）2，阴影部分的面积S2＝n（m+n）×4＝S1，因此有（m+n）2＝S1+S2，即（m+n）2＝n（m+n）×4×2，整理得，m2﹣2mn﹣3n2＝0，∴（m﹣3n）（m+n）＝0，∵m＞0，n＞0，∴m﹣3n＝0，即m＝3n，故选：D．5．解：224﹣1＝（212﹣1）（212+1）＝（26﹣1）（26+1）（212+1）＝63×65×（212+1），则这两个数为63与65．故选：D．6．解：∵20212﹣4＝20212﹣22＝（2021+2）（2021﹣2）＝2023×2019，20202﹣4＝20202﹣22＝（2020+2）（2020﹣2）＝2022×2018，又∵（20212﹣4）（20202﹣4）＝2023×2019×2018m，∴2023×2019×2022×2018＝2023×2019×2018×m，∴m＝2022．故选：C．7．解：∵（n+1）2﹣n2＝（n+1+n）（n+1﹣n）＝2n+1，∴所有的奇数都是智慧数，∵2021÷2＝1010......1，∴不大于2021的智慧数共有：1010+1＝1011（个）．故选：C．8．解：∵x2+3x﹣3＝0，∴x2+3x＝3，x3+5x2+3x﹣10＝x3+3x2+2x2+3x﹣10＝x（x2+3x）+2x2+3x﹣10＝3x+2x2+3x﹣10＝2x2+6x﹣10＝2（x2+3x）﹣10＝2×3﹣10＝﹣4．故选：D．9．解：∵s+t＝4，∴s2﹣t2+8t＝（s+t）（s﹣t）+8t＝4（s﹣t）+8t＝4s﹣4t+8t＝4s+4t＝4（s+t）＝4×4＝16，故选：C．10．解：∵a﹣2b＝2，∴原式＝（a+2b）（a﹣2b）﹣8b+1＝2（a+2b）﹣8b+1＝2a+4b﹣8b+1＝2a﹣4b+1＝2（a﹣2b）+1＝2×2+1＝4+1＝5．故答案为：5．11．解：∵x2﹣3x+1＝0，∴x2﹣3x＝﹣1，∴﹣2x2+6x＝﹣2（x2﹣3x）＝﹣2×（﹣1）＝2，x3﹣2x2﹣2x+9＝x3﹣3x2+x2﹣3x+x+9＝x（x2﹣3x）+（x2﹣3x）+x+9＝﹣x+（﹣1）+x+9＝8，故答案为：2，8．12．解：2x2﹣4x＝2x（x﹣2）．故答案为：2x（x﹣2）．13．解：﹣9a2+b2＝b2﹣9a2＝（b+3a）（b﹣3a）．故答案为：（b+3a）（b﹣3a）．14．解：∵4x2﹣（k﹣1）x+9是一个完全平方式，∴k﹣1＝±12，解得：k＝13或k＝﹣11，故选：13或﹣11．15．解：﹣（a+2）2+16（a﹣1）2＝[4（a﹣1）]2﹣（a+2）2＝（4a﹣4+a+2）（4a﹣4﹣a﹣2）＝（5a﹣2）（3a﹣6）＝3（5a﹣2）（a﹣2）故答案为：3（5a﹣2）（a﹣2）．16．解：x4﹣18x2+81＝（x2﹣9）2＝（x+3）2（x﹣3）2．故答案为：（x+3）2（x﹣3）2．17．解：原式＝a2+4ab+4b2﹣8ab＝a2﹣4ab+4b2＝（a﹣2b）2．故答案为：（a﹣2b）2．18．解：原式＝（x3+x2y）﹣（xy2+y3）＝x2（x+y）﹣y2（x+y）＝（x+y）2（x﹣y）．19．解：a2+4b2+c4﹣4ab﹣2ac2+4bc2﹣1＝（a2+4b2﹣4ab）+（﹣2ac2+4bc2）+（c4﹣1）＝（2b﹣a）2+2c2（2b﹣a）+（c2+1）（c2﹣1）＝（2b﹣a+c2+1）（2b﹣a+c2﹣1）．20．（1）解：原式＝（x﹣3y）2+4z（x﹣3y）+4z2＝（x﹣3y+2z）2；（2）解：原式＝（a2+5a）2+10（a2+5a）+24﹣120＝（a2+5a）2+10（a2+5a）﹣96＝（a2+5a+16）（a2+5a﹣6）＝（a﹣1）（a+6）（a2+5a+16）．21．（1）原式＝x2+2x+1＝（x+1）2．（2）原式＝﹣3ab（b2﹣4b+4）＝﹣3ab（b﹣2）2．22．解：设另一个因式为（2x+n），得：2x2+3x+k＝（x﹣1）（2x+n）展开得：2x2+3x+k＝2x2+（n﹣2）x﹣n．所以解得：n＝5，k＝﹣5．所以另一个因式为2x+5．23．解：x2﹣60x+884＝x2﹣2×30x+900﹣900+884＝（x﹣30）2﹣16＝（x﹣30+4）（x﹣30﹣4）＝（x﹣26）（x﹣34）．24．解：（1）x2﹣6x+8＝（x﹣2）（x﹣4）；（2）①令A＝x﹣y，则原式＝A2+4A+3＝（A+1）（A+3），所以（x﹣y）2+4（x﹣y）+3＝（x﹣y+1）（x﹣y+3）；②令B＝m2+2m，则原式＝B（B﹣2）﹣3＝B2﹣2B﹣3＝（B+1）（B﹣3），所以原式＝（m2+2m+1）（m2+2m﹣3）＝（m+1）2（m﹣1）（m+3）．25．解：（1）根据待定系数法原理，得3﹣a＝2，a＝1．故答案为1．（2）设另一个因式为（x2+ax+b），（x+1）（x2+ax+b）＝x3+ax2+bx+x2+ax+b＝x3+（a+1）x2+（a+b）x+b∴a+1＝0 a＝﹣1 b＝3∴多项式的另一因式为x2﹣x+3．答：多项式的另一因式x2﹣x+3．（3）多项式x4+x2+1能分解成两个整系数二次多项式的乘积．理由如下：方法一：设多项式x4+x2+1能分解成①（x2+1）（x2+ax+b）或②（x2+x+1）（x2+ax+1），①（x2+1）（x2+ax+b）＝x4+ax3+bx2+x2+ax+b＝x4+ax3+（b+1）x2+ax+b∴a＝0，b+1＝1 b＝1由b+1＝1得b＝0≠1②（x2+x+1）（x2+ax+1）＝x4+（a+1）x3+（a+2）x2+（a+1）x+1∴a+1＝0，a+2＝1，解得a＝﹣1．即x4+x2+1＝（x2+x+1）（x2﹣x+1）；方法二：多项式x4+x2+1能分解成两个整系数二次多项式的乘积，（x2+ax+b）（x2+cx+d），解得a＝1，c＝﹣1，b＝d＝1，即x4+x2+1＝（x2+x+1）（x2﹣x+1）∴x4+x2+1能分解成两个整系数二次三项式的乘积．答：多项式x4+x2+1能分解成两个整系数二次三项式的乘积．。
人教版八年级英语上册1-3单元期末复习题及答案
8年级英语（1--3单元）复习测试题赵兰英专用（.12.19）一．根据首字母完成单词。
（5分，每空1分）1. Here is the r ______ of the football match.2. I have a good eating h _____.3. There are many foreign t ______ on the Great wall on Oct.1st.4. Vegetables and fruit are good for our h __5. Ben Lambert is a f _______ French singer. 答题处1______ 2______ 3______ 4_______ 5_______ 二．翻译词组（5分）1．患感冒 2.此刻 3.．保持健康4..出示给某人某物 ____________________5.、视…而定，决定于三．根据汉语意思完成句子。
（10分）1.他嗓子疼，所以他应该喝加蜂蜜的热茶。
He___ ____ throat, so he should drink some hot tea ____ ____ 2．北京是一个观光旅游的好地方。
Beijing is a great place ________ ________ .3.我可以问你几个关于学习的问题吗？May I ask you _______ _______ _______ ________your study? 4．对于我们来说平衡饮食很重要。
It’s important a balanced diet. 5．她总是有压力，所以她睡得不好。
She’s always________ , so she can’t ________四、单项选择(20分，每空1分)( ) 1.. --- do you surf the Internet, Kate? ——Not often, twice a month.A. How longB. How oldC. How oftenD. How many times( ) 2. If you have a toothache, you should see a .A. dentist B .cook C. teacher D. nurse( ) 3.. I’m very . Please give me something to drink. A. tired B. hungry C. stressed out D. thirsty( ) 4.. I like drinking hot tea _______ milk in it. A. of B. with C. to D. in( ) 5.What’s ____with him? He h as a cold. A. the wrong B. the matter C. matter D. problem( )6. I think walking is good our health. A. at B. with C. for D. to( ) 7. he studied hard every day, he di dn’t pass the exam. A. Because, so B. Although, but C. Although, / ( ) 8 .Li Ping always gets up early and he is late for school. A. usually B. often C. sometimes D. hardly ever ( ）9.This time I want to do __. A. something different B. different something C. some different D. anything different ( ) 10. I’m thin king about ____to the mountains for vacation. A. go B. went C. going D. to go( ) 11. They watch TV _a week. A. every B. once or twice C. two or three time D. once or two times( ) 12.___ water do you need? A cup is enough(足够的). A. How many B. How much C.How long D. How far ( ) 13. “I’m going to Hong Kong for vacation.” “_____.” A. Thank you for telling me |B. I’m sorry to hear thatC. I’m going hiking for vacationD. I hope you’ll have a good time( )14. I ____my pen at home. Can I use your pen, please? A. forgot B. sent C. missed D. lost( ) 15. Why do you decide __ Beijing for vacation? Because I want to visit the Great Wall. A. in B. to C. at D. on ( )16. When you come back to school, please show ___your photos. A. I B. me C. my D. mine( )17. Would you like __with me this Sunday? A. go fishing B. to go fish C. going fishing D. to go fishing ( ) 18. When did you finish ___ the book last night? A. reading B. reads C. read D. to read( ) 19. Do you know the __between these two words? A. different B. same C. difference D. difficult( ）20. Your watch is so beautiful. It must be expensive. Not at all . I only __＄20 on it. A take B. pay C. cost D. Spend 五、完形填空(20分,每空1.分) （A ）Li Ming 1 often late for school. The teacher is very angry with him.( )1. A. do B. be C. does D. is( )2. A. Why B. When C. What D. Where( )3. A. quickly B. early C. late D. slowly( )4. A. You B. Your C. Yours D. Yourself( )5. A. right B. wrong C. fine D. OK( ）6. A. don't B. doesn't C. isn't D. not( )7. A .take B. bring C. make D. mend(修理)( )8 A. good B. nice C. well D. fine( )9. A. what B. why C. how D. where( )10. A. no B. not C. little D. without（ B ）Summer vacation is coming soon. Some of the students are talking __1__ spending the vacation. Jack and Mike are going summer __2_ in the mountain. They are leaving next Sunday. They are staying there __3__ about three weeks. Mary is going to Beijing __4__ her parents. She wants to go to the Great Wall and visit the Palace Museum. She is __5_ Beijing __6__ July 2nd. They are staying there for a week. Nancy is going back to her hometown to see her grandparents. She is staying with __7__ for half a month. Tom is going __8_ in the mountain. He is going there with his brother. John wants to do __9__. He is going bike __10_ with some of his friends around the country. I hope all of them will have a good time.( )1. A. with B. to C. about D. for( )2. A. camping B. to camp C. camp D. camps( )3. A. at B. in C. on D. for( )4. A. and B. with C. without D. but( )5. A. leaving B. leaving to C. leaving away D. leaving for( )6. A. in B. on C. at D. for( )7. A. they B. them C. she D. her( )8. A. hike B. hikes C. hiking D. to hike( )9. A. something different B. anything different C. different something D. different anything( )10. A. ride B. rides C. riding D. rode六、补全对话有两个选项多余（5分，每空1分）A: Hi, Mike. The summer vacation is coming. 1_____ B: Yes, I’m going to Hong Kong for vacation.A: 2______ B: I’m going there with my parents.A: 3______ B: We’re staying there for two weeks.A. 4______ B: Well. We are visiting some of our friends and going sightseeing.A: When are you leaving? B: We are leaving next Friday.A: I hope you will have a great time there. B: 5_____A. Where are you going for vacation?B. Do you have a plan for vacation?C. How long are youstaying there? D. Thank you.E. What are doing there? F. We will have a good time there. G. Who are you going there with?补全对话答题处；1______ 2______ 3_______ 4_______ 5_______七、阅读理解（20分，每空2分）(A ) Mr. Robinson never went to see a dentist, because he was afraid(害怕), but then his teeth began aching a lot, and he had to see a dentist. The dentist did a lot of work in his mouth for a long time. On the last day Mr. Robinson asked the dentist, “How much is all the work going to cost（花费）?”“Twenty-five dollars,”said the dentist. But he didn’t ask him for the money. After a month Mr. Robinson phoned the dentist and said, “You haven’t asked me for any money for your work.”“Oh,”the dentist answered, “I never ask a gentleman （绅士）for money.”“Then how do you live?”Mr. Robinson asked. “Most gentlemen pay me quickly, the dentist said, “but some don’t. I wait for my money for two months, and then I say, ‘That man is not a gentleman,’and then I ask him for my money.( )1. Mr. Robinson ___ until his teeth began aching a lot.A. wasn’t afraidB. didn’t see a dentistC. wanted to see a dentistD. went to see a dentist( )2. ___cost twenty-five dollars. A. The first day `work of the dentistB. The last day`s work of the dentistC. Half the dentist`s workD. All the dentist`s work( )3. When did Mr. Robinson phone the dentist?A. After he paid him.B. About thirty days later.C. After two months.D. About twenty days later.( )4. The dentist said that he never asked ____ first.A. a woman for moneyB. the poor for moneyC. gentlemen for moneyD. people for much money( ) 5. Mr. Robinson never went to see a dentist _____. A. because he was afraid B. because he had no moneyC. because he wasn’t a gentlemanD. because he didn’t want to much moneyB ; Mr. Jones and Mr. Brown worked in the different office . One day Mr. Jones said to Mr. Brown ,“We are going to have a small party at our house next Wednesday evening . Would you and your wife like to join us ?”Mr. Brown said ,“Thank you very much . That is very kind of you . We are free that evening . I think , but I will telephone my wife and ask her . Maybe she wants to go somewhere else that evening .”So Mr. Brown went to the other room and telephoned . When he came back , he looked very sorry .“What is the matter ?”said Mr. Jones .“Did you speak to your wife ?”“No ,”answered Mr. Brown ,“She wasn’t there , my small son answered the telephone . I said to him ,‘Is your mother there , David ?’and he answered ,‘No , she is not in the house ,’‘Where is she then ?’I asked .‘She is somewhere outside .’‘What is she doing ?’‘She is looking for me .’”6. A small party will be held ___. A. at David’s house B. at Mr. Brown’s house C. in the office D. at Mr. Jones’house7.Mr. Jones asked _to the party . A. Mr. Brown B. Mrs. Brown C. Mr. and Mrs. Brown D. all his friends8.The telephone was __. A.in the same office B.in a room ner. Jones`house9.Mr. Brown spoke to ____on the phone . A. Mrs. Brown B. Mrs. Jones C. David D. David`s friend10. Why was Mrs. Brown looking for David ?Because ______.A.he went out of the houseB.he was answering Father`s phoneC. she knew David had lost his wayD. she thought he was playing somewhere outside八;（15分）假如你是Peter，你的笔友Alice在给你的信中说她经常生病，情绪低落。
2024年最新人教版八年级英语(上册)期末考卷及答案(各版本)
专业课原理概述部分一、选择题（每题1分，共5分）1. Which of the following words is an adjective?A. runB. happyC. eatD. quickly2. Choose the correct form of be in the following sentence: "She _______ a teacher."A. amB. isC. areD. be3. What is the past tense of "do"?A. doedB. didC. doneD. does4. Which sentence is in the present continuous tense?A. He eats an apple.B. She is eating an apple.C. They eat apples.D. I ate an apple.5. Which word means "not smart"?A. cleverB. stupidC. kindD. happy二、判断题（每题1分，共5分）1. "I am go to school." is a correct sentence. ( )2. "She can sing and dance." means she can do both activities. ( )3. "He doesn't like apples, but he likes bananas." means he likes both fruits. ( )4. The past tense of "read" is "red". ( )5. "They are watching a movie." is in the past tense. ( )三、填空题（每题1分，共5分）1. I _______ (be) a student.2. She _______ (go) to the park yesterday.3. They _______ (play) soccer now.4. He _______ (like) to read books.5. _______ (this) is my book.四、简答题（每题2分，共10分）1. What is the difference between "I do" and "I am doing"?2. Write the past tense of "drive".3. What is an adverb?4. What is the opposite of "big"?5. How do you form the present perfect tense?五、应用题（每题2分，共10分）1. Rewrite the sentence in the past tense: "She eats an apple every day."2. Change the sentence into the negative form: "He can swim."3. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of be: "They _______ students."4. Write a sentence using the present continuous tense.5. Translate the sentence "I like to play basketball." into Spanish.六、分析题（每题5分，共10分）1. Compare and contrast the simple present tense and the present continuous tense.2. Explain the difference between "I like" and "I would like".七、实践操作题（每题5分，共10分）1. Write a short paragraph about your daily routine using the present simple tense.2. Create a dialogue between two friends discussing their favorite hobbies. Use at least three different tenses.八、专业设计题（每题2分，共10分）1. Design a simple dialogue between a tourist and a local resident in a foreign country, including at least five questions and answers about directions.2. Create a short story using at least ten past tense verbs.3. Outline a lesson plan for teaching the present perfect tense to beginner English learners.5. Develop a roleplay scenario where two students are ordering food in a restaurant, using the future tense to make predictions about their orders.九、概念解释题（每题2分，共10分）1. Explain the difference between "affect" and "effect" with examples.2. Define the term "phrasal verb" and give three examples with their meanings.3. Describe what a "noun phrase" is and provide an example.4. Explain the concept of "subjectverb agreement" and illustrate with a correct and incorrect sentence.5. Define "homophones" and give a pair of homophones with their meanings.十、思考题（每题2分，共10分）1. How can learning a second language improve cognitive skills?3. Discuss the importance of cultural awareness in language learning.4. How does the use of technology aid in language acquisition?十一、社会扩展题（每题3分，共15分）1. Analyze how social media has influenced the way English is used globally.3. Evaluate the effectiveness of English as a lingua franca in scientific research and publication.4. Explore the cultural implications of English language dominance in global education.5. Describe the impact of English language learning on personal and professional opportunities in nonEnglish speaking countries.一、选择题答案1. B2. B3. B4. B5. B二、判断题答案1. ×2. √3. ×4. ×5. ×三、填空题答案1. am2. went3. are playing4. likes5. This四、简答题答案1. "I do" is used for general activities or habits, while "I am doing" is used for actions happening now.2. drove3. An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, adjective, or another adverb and typically answers questions such as how?, when?, where?, and why?4. small5. The present perfect tense is formed with "has/have" + the past participle of the verb.五、应用题答案1. She ate an apple yesterday.2. He cannot swim.3. They are students.4. Example: She is reading a book.5. Me gusta jugar al baloncesto.六、分析题答案1. The simple present tense is used for actions that are general truths, habits, or occur regularly. The present continuous tense is used for actions happening at the moment of speaking or temporary actions. Example: I drink coffee every morning (simple present) vs. I am drinking coffee right now (present continuous).2. "I like" expresses a general preference, while "I would like" is more polite and can express a desire or request at the moment.七、实践操作题答案1. (Paragraph example provided the student as per their daily routine)2. (Dialogue example provided the student discussing hobbies)1. Grammar Points:Tenses: Simple present, present continuous, past tense, present perfect tense.Verb forms: Base form, past tense, past participle, third person singular.Sentence structure: Subjectverb agreement, question formation.Parts of speech: Nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs.2. Vocabulary:Common nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.Phrasal verbs and their meanings.Homophones and their usage.3. Practical Application:Dialogue writing and roleplaying.Sentence transformation: affirmative to negative, questions.Vocabulary exercises: using words in context.各题型所考察学生的知识点详解及示例：一、选择题：考察 basic knowledge of grammar and vocabulary, such as identifying parts of speech and verb tenses.Example: Identifying the present continuous tense ina sentence.二、判断题：test understanding of grammatical rules and sentence correctness.Example: Recognizing incorrect subjectverb agreement.三、填空题：evaluate the ability to use the correct form of verbs and the be verb in sentences.Example: Filling in the correct form of be in a given sentence.四、简答题：assess understanding of grammatical concepts and the ability to explain them concisely.Example: Explaining the difference between two verb tenses.五、应用题：test the practical application of grammar rules and vocabulary in sentences and translations.Example: Conjugating verbs in the past tense.Example: Discussing the use of different tenses in context.七、实践操作题：assess the ability to create and use language in reallife situations.Example: Writing a dialogue that includes questions about directions.。
人教版八年级数学上册课课练 期末复习基础巩固练一二
班级: 姓名: 期末复习基础巩固练(一)一、选择题(每小题只有一个正确选项)1.为丰富国民精神文化生活,提升文化素养,全国各地陆续开展全民阅读活动.现在的图书馆不单是人们学习知识的地方，更是成为人们休闲的好去处.下列图书馆标志的图形中不是轴对称图形的是( )2.有两根长分别为6 cm,11 cm的木棒,要想以这两根木棒为其中两边做一个三角形,可以选用第三根木棒的长为( )A.3 cmB.16 cmC.20 cmD.24 cm3.下列四个图形中,线段BE是△ABC的高的是( )4.如图,在△ABC中,CD平分∠ACB交AB于点D,过点D作DE//BC交AC 于点E.若∠A =54°，∠B=48° ,则∠CDE的大小为( )A.44°B.40°C.39°D.38°(第4题图)5.如图,点D在△ABC边AB的延长线上,DE//BC.若∠A=35°,∠C=24°,则∠D 的度数是( ) .A.24°B.59°C.60°D.69(第5题图)6.有下列说法:①全等图形的形状相同、大小相等;②全等三角形的对应边相等;③全等三角形的周长、面积分别相等;④面积相等的两个三角形全等其中正确的说法为( )A.①③④B.②③④C.①②③D.①②③④7.如图, 一张等边三角形纸片,剪去一个角后得到一个四边形,则图中∠a+∠β的度数是( )A.180°B.220°C.240°D.300°(第7题圈)8.如图,AD,CE分别是△ABC的中线和角平分线.若AB=AC,∠CAD= 20° ,则∠ACE的度数是( )A.20°B.35°C.40°D.70°(第8题图)9.如图, △A0B∠△ADC,点B和点C是对应顶点，∠0=∠D =90° ,记∠OAD=a,∠AB0=β,当BC//0A时,a与β之间的数量关系是( )A.a=βB. a=2βC.a +β = 90°D.a+2β=180°(第9题图)10.如图,在OABC中,∠BAC=115° ,DE,FG分别为AB,AC的垂直平分线,则∠EAG的度数为( )A.50°B.40°C.30°D.25°(第10题图)二、填空题11.已知点A(a+b,2),点B( -b,a-b)关于y轴对称,则6a= .12.如图,若正五边形和正六边形有一边重合,则∠BAC=(第12题圈)13.如图, △ABC的三条角平分线交于点D,AB=4,BC=6,AC=8,则S△ABD:S△BCD:S△ACD=(第13题图)14.如图,在△ABC中,BC的垂直平分线DP与∠BAC的平分线相交于点D,垂足为P,若∠BAC=84°,则∠BDC = 。
【最新】新人教版八年级上册物理期末复习知识点总结.doc
初二上物理知识点大总结第一部分声现象1. 声音的发生：声音是由物体的振动产生的，一切正在发声的物体都在振动，振动停止，发声也就停止。
但并不是所有的振动都会发出声音。
2. 声的传播：声的传播需要介质，声在不同介质中的传播速度不同。
（V固＞V液＞V气）真空不能传声。
3. 回声：声音在传播过程中，遇到障碍物被反射回来人再次听到的声音叫回声（1）区别回声与原声的条件：回声到达人的耳朵比原声晚0.1秒以上。
（2）低于0.1秒时，则反射回来的声音只能使原声加强。
（3）利用回声可测海深或发声体距障碍物有多远（声纳系统）4. 音调：声音的高低叫音调，它是由发声体振动频率决定的，频率越大，音调越高。
5. 响度：声音的大小叫响度，响度跟发声体振动的振幅大小有关，还跟声源到人耳的距离远近有关6. 音色：不同发声体所发出的声音的品质叫音色7. 噪声及来源从物理角度看，噪声是指发声体做无规则地杂乱无章振动时发出的声音。
从环保角度看，凡是妨碍人们正常休息、学习和工作的声音都属于噪声。
8. 声音等级的划分用分贝来划分声音的等级，30dB—40dB是较理想的安静环境，超过50dB就会影响睡眠，70dB以上会干扰谈话，影响工作效率，长期生活在90dB以上的噪声环境中，会影响听力。
9. 噪声减弱的途径：可以在声源处、传播过程中和人耳处减弱10．声的利用：（1）利用声音传递信息（如B超、声纳、雷达等）（2）利用声音传递能量（洁牙、超声波碎石、清洗精密零件等）第二部分光现象及透镜应用（一）光的反射1、光源：能够发光的物体叫光源2、光在均匀介质中是沿直线传播的。
大气层是不均匀的，当光从大气层外射到地面时，光线发了了弯折3、光速：光在不同物质中传播的速度一般不同，真空中最快，光在真空中的传播速度：C = 3×108 m/s，在空气中的速度接近于这个速度，水中的速度为3/4C，玻璃中为2/3C4、光直线传播的应用：激光准直，影子的形成，月食、日食的形成、小孔成像5、光线：表示光传播方向的直线，即沿光的传播路线画一直线，并在直线上画上箭头表示光的传播方向（光线是假想的，实际并不存在）6、光的反射：光从一种介质射向另一种介质的交界面时，一部分光返回原来介质中，使光的传播方向发生了改变，这种现象称为光的反射7、光的反射定律：反射光线与入射光线、法线在同一平面上；反射光线和入射光线分居在法线的两侧；反射角等于入射角可归纳为：“三线共面，法线居中，两角相等”8、理解：反射角随入射角的增大而增大，减小而减小，当入射角为零时，反射角也变为零9、两种反射现象（1）镜面反射：平行光线经界面反射后沿某一方向平行射出，只能在某一方向接收到反射光线（2）漫反射：平行光经界面反射后向各个不同的方向反射出去，即在各个不同的方向都能接收到反射光线注意：无论是镜面反射，还是漫反射都遵循光的反射定律10、在光的反射中光路可逆11、平面镜对光的作用：（1）成像（2）改变光的传播方向12、平面镜成像的特点（1）成的像是正立的虚像（2）像和物的大小相等（3）像和物的连线与镜面垂直，像和物到镜的距离相等理解：平面镜所成的像与物是以镜面为轴的对称图形13、实像与虚像的区别实像是实际光线会聚而成的，可以用屏接到，当然也能用眼看到。
新人教版八年级英语上册期末总复习课件
单词复习
famous著名的 well-known著名的 nature自然地 agree同意 normal一般的 unless除非不 certainly无疑的 serve服务 look after 照顾 invitation邀请
again再一次 angry发怒的 understanding善解人意的 careless粗心的 often多久 as far关于，至于 natural自然地 turn down拒绝 reply回复 forward发送
until直到 how often多久 how long 多长时间 how soon多久才... lendar日历 daytime白天 in half分成两半 halfway在中途 else别的，其他的
单词复习
how munch多少钱 how far多远 be good for对....好 be good at擅长...... be bad for 对.......有坏处 be good with 与....相处的好 wrong怎么了？ halfway在中途 else别的，其他的
今日复习的重点
本单元的所有单词、短语、语法、长难句、课文
grow成长 meeting遇见 pollute污染 prepare准备 prepare for准备 two两个 twice两次 one一个 once一次 health健康 healthy健康的
单词复习
upset沮丧的 different不同的 unhealthy不健康的 difference差异 foot脚 feet脚步 advice建议，劝告 another其他的 happen发生 expect 期待
单词复习
mistake错误 week一周 a lot of 大量 be good for 对什么好 stress压力 get back返回 careful小心的 careless粗心的 advice建议 solve步骤 during在........期间
八年级上册(人教版)英语期末复习卷：Unit1—Unit5基础知识
Unit1—Unit5基础知识一.根据句意及汉语提示填写单词。
1．Let's go to the zoo ________(一起)，OK?2．The little girl can ________(摆动) with the music.3．I don't like these ________(节目)．What about you?4．Mr. Zhang got the good job ________(凭借) his hard work.5．Sixty ________(百分之……) of students in our class like playing soccer.6．What a ________(极好的) movie！I want to see it again.7．I told you to clean the room，you didn't clean it，________(可是)．8．His sister didn't do well in the singing ________(比赛)．9．The little boy is very smart but not ________(工作努力的)．10．Grace is three years old and she can speak ________(清楚地)．11．________(大多数) of the students in my class are from the countryside.12．I can't find my math book ________(在任何地方)．13．There were a ________(很少) trees on the mountain two years ago.14．Don't tell ________(任何人) that you saw me here.15．They saw a ________(精彩的) movie in the cinema last night.16．My friend sometimes watches movies on the ________(因特网)．17．Do you often help your mother do some ________(家务活)?18．There are lots of ________(秋千) in the park.19．The bus is ________(满的) of people.20．We went to Hong Kong only ________(一次)．21．Do you think it is a ________(真正) beautiful park?22．His daughter is ________(有才能的)．She can always finish hard work very well.23．I don't ________(在意) what my friends think.24．The story was so interesting that we all ________(笑)．25．Was it ________(更凉爽的) yesterday than today?26．We usually eat three ________(餐) a day，breakfast，lunch and supper.27．Is there any fish on the ________(菜单) at the restaurant?28．It is ________(相当) cold this morning.Please wear your hat.29．Bill ________(扮演) the old farmer in the play.30．The food is good at this restaurant，but the ________(服务) is bad.31．The air in the mountains is ________(清新的) and clean.32．The ________(屏幕) of the computer is too bright.It's bad for your eyes.33．There are too many people in the subway.It's really ________(拥挤的)．34．I am very hungry.Please ________(给) me something to eat.35．John is a smart boy.He always has ________(创造性的) ideas.36．This question seems easy，but not ________(每人) can answer it.37．Mrs.Depp was ________(贫穷的)，so she couldn't buy any new clothes for her children. 38．How about ________(给) the kite to the little boy?39．Performer means that an actor plays a ________(角色) in a movie.40．Tu Youyou won the 2015 Nobel ________(奖)．41．His grandfather is very ________(严肃的) and I hardly see him laugh.42．Did you break your left ________(胳膊) in the P．E.class?43．They ________(到达) Wuhan at around 4：00 yesterday afternoon.44．It's ________(必要的) for you to learn English well if you want to work in the US in the future.45．—I hear Mary keeps four dogs.—Yes，she loves animals.She has a kind ________(内心)．46．The park is very ________(近的) to my home，so my parents often take a walk there after dinner.47．The radio station 92.1 FM is quite bad.It is ________(更差的) than 970 AM.48．Why don't you take the thing ________(认真地)?49．That ________(魔术师) from America looks very young.50．Mr.White put his English book on the ________(座位) and then left.51．Peter ________(发现) his ID card in one of his books.52．We are ________(计划) to visit the West Lake this summer vacation.53．Most parents ________(期待) their children to study hard and get good grades.54．My good friend，Johnny，often tells ________(笑话) to me.55．Would you like to see a movie with us ________(今晚)?56．Maybe we should do something more ________(放松的) this weekend.57．Our math teacher looks ________(严肃的)，but he is very friendly to us.58．We plan to make an ________(教育的) TV show for kids next week.59．The program is ________(毫无意义的)．We can't learn anything from it.60．Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf(《喜羊羊与灰太狼》) is a popular ________(动画片)．61．What do you think of ________(卡通片)?62．Everything is ________(准备好的)．Let's start.63．What is the ________(主要的) difference between the two pictures?64．The question is very ________(简单的)，so all the students can answer it.65．I want to know what's ________(发生) over there.二.根据句意及首字母提示填写单词。
2024年最新人教版八年级数学(上册)期末试卷及答案(各版本)
2024年最新人教版八年级数学(上册)期末试卷及答案(各版本)一、选择题（每题5分，共20分）1. 若x是实数，下列不等式恒成立的是（）A. x² > 0B. x² ≥ 0C. x² < 0D. x² ≤ 02. 下列函数中，其图像是直线的是（）A. y = x²B. y = xC. y = 1/xD. y = x³3. 下列图形中，属于轴对称图形的是（）A. 正方形B. 圆C. 等腰三角形D. 正六边形4. 下列关于圆的命题中，正确的是（）A. 圆的直径等于半径的两倍B. 圆的周长等于直径的四倍C. 圆的面积等于半径的平方D. 圆的周长等于半径的四倍5. 下列关于角的命题中，正确的是（）A. 直角是90度B. 钝角是大于90度小于180度的角C. 锐角是小于90度的角D. 平角是180度的角二、填空题（每题5分，共20分）6. 若a² = b²，则a和b的关系是__________。
7. 下列函数中，其图像是抛物线的是__________。
8. 下列图形中，属于中心对称图形的是__________。
9. 下列关于圆的命题中，错误的是__________。
10. 下列关于角的命题中，错误的是__________。
三、解答题（每题10分，共40分）11. 解方程：2x 5 = 3x + 4。
12. 解不等式：3x 2 < 2x + 5。
13. 解三角形：已知三角形的两边长分别为5cm和8cm，夹角为60度，求第三边的长度。
14. 解圆的方程：x² + y² 6x 8y + 9 = 0。
四、证明题（每题10分，共20分）15. 证明：若a² = b²，则a = b或a = b。
16. 证明：若x² + y² = r²，则x和y是半径为r的圆上的点。
部编版八年级历史上册期末复习第一单元中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会复习教案新人教版
师：出示参考答案，便于学生的识记：（1）1840年，鸦片战争（2）鸦片战争和第二次鸦片战争。影响：鸦片战争，中国开始从封建社会变为半殖民地半封建社会；第二次鸦片战争，中国的半殖民地化程度进一步加深。（3）腐朽的封建制度；落后就要挨打。（4）统治阶级（地主阶级）：林则徐、关天培、陈化成；农民阶级：三元里人民抗英、规模最宏大的农民起义是太平天国运动。失败原因：统治者的腐化；纲领未能实施；中外反动势力的镇压。
2、阅读下列材料并回答问题：
材料一开放广州、厦门、福州、宁波、上海为通商口岸；中国赔款2100万银元；割让香港岛给英国；英国商人进出口货物缴纳的税款，中国须同英国商定。
材料二外国公使可以进驻北京，增开汉口、南京等十处为通商口岸，外国商船和军舰可以在长江各口岸自由航行。
材料三增开天津为商埠，割九龙司地方一区给英国。
第一单元《中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会》复习
古人云：“学起于思，思源于疑”、“疑者，觉悟之机也”
【教学任务】
教
学
目
标
知识与
能力
掌握两次鸦片战争的时间、目的、侵华国家、结果、所签条约的内容与影响，掌握太平天国运动的基本史实，理解中国近代屡战屡败的根本原因。
过程与
方法
通过类比复习，培养提取有效历史信息的能力，运用相关知识分析解决实际问题。
请回答：
（1）材料一、材料二分别出自哪一个不平等条约？
（2）根据材料一、材料二，概括这两个条约的相似之处。（不得照抄材料）
（3）材料三是哪一不平等条约的内容，是在哪次战争中签订的？这场战争中，列强的侵华罪行有哪些？
生：分组进行探究，组内讨论答案。系统知识，加深对问题的整体认识。
期末复习 Units 1-10各单元作文总结课件 2022-2023学年人教版英语八年级上册
例文： Here are the results of the students' activities survey in my class.
Everybody does their exercise for an hour every day. 90% of the students eat fruits and drink milk everyday.7% of the students eats junk food for 2 or 3 times a week. Nobody drinks coffee. Most students sleep for 8 or 9 hours a d a y.
例文2： My Best Friend and I
Linda is my best friend. In some ways we look the same and in some ways we look different. We both have black eyes and black hair. Her hair is longer than mine. She is taller and more outgoing than me. We both like sports, but she plays tennis better, so she always wins. However, Linda often helps me to bring out the best in me. Now I’m getting better at tennis. Also, Linda is more hard – working and more careful than me, so she always get better grades than I do.
人教版英语八年级上册-期末复习 专题01 补全对话
【期末复习专题卷】人教版英语八年级上册专题01补全对话一、补全对话5选5补全对话。
A: Do you have a plan for your future, Kim?B: Yes, Lucy, I do.A: ___1___B: Well, I’m going to make the soccer team.A: ___2___B: I’m going to practice really hard. I plan to go to a summer camp and play soccer every day there.A: Sounds great!B: How about you, Lucy?A: I’m going to join the music club. ___3___B: Really? ___4___A: All over the world. I will give a lot of concerts.B: Good! ___5___A．How are you going to do that?B．I believe your dream must come true someday.C．What are you going to do?D．Where are you going to work?E．And I want to be a pop singer.二、句子配对句子配对三、补全对话6选5从所给选项中选出适当的选项补全对话, 有一项是多余的。
A: Hello. Who’s that?B: ___21___A: Hello, Jim. I’m going to have a party this Saturday. ___22___B: Yes, I’d love to. Where’s your new house, Linda?A: On Water Street. ___23___ I moved here last month.B: Would you like me to come early? I can help you get things-ready. A: ___24___ could you come at about four?B: OK. ___25___A: Oh, some friends. You know them. Would you like to bring someone? B: I would like you to meet my brother. Do you mind if I bring him? A: No. The more, the better.B: Thank you. Bye.A．I am Jim.B．Can you go to my party?C．Who will be there?D．It’s near a park.E．That would be nice.F．This is Jim speaking.根据对话内容及文后所给的选项补全对话。
2021-2022学年人教版八年级数学上册《第12章全等三角形》期末综合复习题1(附答案)
2021-2022学年人教版八年级数学上册《第12章全等三角形》期末综合复习题1（附答案）1．如图，△ABC≌△DEF，BC＝7，EC＝4，则CF的长为（）A．2B．3C．5D．72．如图所示，则下面图形中与图中△ABC一定全等的三角形是（）A．B．C．D．3．如图，OD平分∠AOB，DE⊥AO于点E，DE＝4，点F是射线OB上的任意一点，则DF的长度不可能是（）A．3B．4C．5D．64．花花不慎将一块三角形的玻璃打碎成了如图所示的四块（图中所标①、②、③、④），若要配块与原来大小一样的三角形玻璃，应该带（）A．第①块B．第②块C．第③块D．第④块5．如图，△ACB≌△A′CB′，∠ACB＝70°，∠ACB′＝100°，则∠BCA′的度数为（）A．30°B．35°C．40°D．50°6．如图，△AOC≌△BOD，点A与点B是对应点，那么下列结论中错误的是（）A．AB＝CD B．AC＝BD C．AO＝BO D．∠A＝∠B7．如图，点B，F，C，E共线，∠B＝∠E，BF＝EC，添加一个条件，不能判断△ABC≌△DEF的是（）A．AB＝DE B．∠A＝∠D C．AC＝DF D．AC∥FD8．如图，已知△ABC≌△DEF，CD平分∠BCA，若∠A＝30°，∠CGF＝88°，则∠E的度数是（）A．30°B．50°C．44°D．34°9．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，以顶点A为圆心，适当长为半径画弧，分别交边AC、AB于点M、N，再分别以点M、N为圆心，大于MN的长为半径画弧，两弧交于点P，作射线AP交边BC于点D，若CD＝4，AB＝15，则△ABD的面积是（）A．15B．30C．45D．6010．如图，在△ABC与△AEF中，AB＝AE，BC＝EF，∠ABC＝∠AEF，∠EAB＝40°，AB 交EF于点D，连接EB．下列结论：①∠F AC＝40°；②AF＝AC；③∠EBC＝110°；④AD＝AC；⑤∠EFB＝40°，正确的个数为（）个．A．1B．2C．3D．411．如图，AD是△ABC的角平分线．若∠B＝90°，BD＝，则点D到AC的距离是．12．如图，在△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D，DE⊥AB，垂足为E，若BC＝4，DE＝1.6，则BD的长为．13．如图，△ABC≌△ABD，∠C＝30°，∠ABC＝85°，则∠BAD的度数为14．如图，△ABC≌△DEF，∠A＝70°，∠B＝50°，则∠DFC＝．15．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D，若AB＝5，DC ＝2，则△ABD的面积为．16．如图，AC＝AD，∠1＝∠2，要使△ABC≌△AED，应添加的条件是．（只需写出一个条件即可）17．如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠C＝90°，AD平分∠BAC交BC于点D．若BC＝3，且BD：DC＝5：4，AB＝5，则△ABD的面积是．18．如图：已知OA和OB两条公路，以及C、D两个村庄，建立一个车站P，使车站到两个村庄距离相等即PC＝PD，且P到OA，OB两条公路的距离相等．19．已知：如图，AE＝CF，AD∥BC，AD＝CB．（1）求证：∠B＝∠D；（2）求证：BE∥DF．20．如图，AC∥BD，∠C＝90°，AC＝BE，AB＝DE，求证：DE⊥AB．21．王强同学用10块高度都是2cm的相同长方体小木块，垒了两堵与地面垂直的木墙，木墙之间刚好可以放进一个等腰直角三角板（AC＝BC，∠ACB＝90°），点C在DE上，点A和B分别与木墙的顶端重合．（1）求证：△ADC≌△CEB；（2）求两堵木墙之间的距离．22．如图，已知：∠A＝∠E，AB＝EB，点D在AC边上，且∠ABE＝∠CBD．（1）求证：△EBD≌△ABC；（2）如果O为CD中点，∠BDE＝65°，求∠OBD的度数．23．∠B＝∠C＝90°，EB＝EC，DE平分∠ADC，求证：AE是∠DAB平分线．24．已知OM是∠AOB的平分线，点P是射线OM上一点，点C、D分别在射线OA、OB 上，连接PC、PD．（1）如图①，当PC⊥OA，PD⊥OB时，则PC与PD的数量关系是．（2）如图②，点C、D在射线OA、OB上滑动，且∠AOB＝90°，当PC⊥PD时，PC 与PD在（1）中的数量关系还成立吗？说明理由．参考答案1．解：∵△ABC≌△DEF，∴EF＝BC＝7，∵EC＝4，∴CF＝3，故选：B．2．解：A图有两边相等，而夹角不一定相等，二者不一定全等；B图与三角形ABC有两边及其夹角相等，二者全等；C图有两边相等，而夹角不一定相等，二者不一定全等；D图与三角形ABC有两角相等，二者不一定全等；故选：B．3．解：过D点作DH⊥OB于H，如图，∵OD平分∠AOB，DE⊥AO，DH⊥OB于H，∴DH＝DE＝4，∴DF≥4．故选：A．4．解：带②去可以利用“角边角”能配一块与原来大小一样的三角形玻璃．故选：B．5．解：∵△ACB≌△A′CB′，∴∠A′CB′＝∠ACB＝70°，∵∠ACB′＝100°，∴∠BCB′＝∠ACB′﹣∠ACB＝30°，∴∠BCA′＝∠A′CB′﹣∠BCB′＝40°，故选：C．6．解：∵△AOC≌△BOD，∴∠A＝∠B，AO＝BO，AC＝BD，∴B、C、D均正确，而AB、CD不是不是对应边，且CO≠AO，∴AB≠CD，故选：A．7．解：∵BF＝EC，∴BF+FC＝EC+FC，∴BC＝EF，又∵∠B＝∠E，∴当添加条件AB＝DE时，△ABC≌△DEF（SAS），故选项A不符合题意；当添加条件∠A＝∠D时，△ABC≌△DEF（AAS），故选项B不符合题意；当添加条件AC＝DF时，无法判断△ABC≌△DEF，故选项C符合题意；当添加条件AC∥FD时，则∠ACB＝∠DFE，故△ABC≌△DEF（ASA），故选项D不符合题意；故选：C．8．解：∵CD平分∠BCA，∴∠ACD＝∠BCD＝∠BCA，∵△ABC≌△DEF，∴∠D＝∠A＝30°，∵∠CGF＝∠D+∠BCD，∴∠BCD＝∠CGF﹣∠D＝58°，∴∠BCA＝116°，∴∠B＝180°﹣30°﹣116°＝34°，∵△ABC≌△DEF，∴∠E＝∠B＝34°，故选：D．9．解：作DE⊥AB于E，由基本尺规作图可知，AD是△ABC的角平分线，∵∠C＝90°，DE⊥AB，∴DE＝DC＝4，∴△ABD的面积＝×AB×DE＝30，故选：B．10．解：在△AEF和△ABC中，，∴△AEF≌△ABC（SAS），∴∠EAF＝∠BAC，AF＝AC，故②正确∴∠EAB＝∠F AC＝40°，故①正确，∴∠C＝∠AFC＝∠AFE＝70°，∴∠EFB＝180°﹣70°﹣70°＝40°，故⑤正确，∵AE＝AB，∠EAB＝40°，∴∠AEB＝∠ABE＝70°，若∠EBC＝110°，则∠ABC＝40°＝∠EAB，∴∠EAB＝∠ABC，∴AE∥BC，显然与题目条件不符，故③错误，若AD＝AC，则∠ADF＝∠AFD＝70°，∴∠DAF＝40°，这个显然与条件不符，故④错误．故选：C．11．解：如图，过点D作DE⊥AC于E，∵AD是△ABC的角平分线．∠B＝90°，DE⊥AC，∴DE＝BD＝，∴点D到AC的距离为，故答案为．12．解：∵AD平分∠BAC，DE⊥AB，∠C＝90°，∴CD＝DE，∵DE＝1.6，∴CD＝1.6，∴BD＝BC﹣CD＝4﹣1.6＝2.4．故答案为：2.413．解：∵∠C＝30°，∠ABC＝85°．∴∠CAB＝180°﹣∠C﹣∠ABC＝65°，∵△ABC≌△ABD，∴∠BAD＝∠CAB＝65°．故答案为：65°．14．解：∵△ABC≌△DEF，∴∠A＝∠D＝70°，∠B＝∠E＝50°，∴∠DFC＝180°﹣（∠D+∠E）＝180°﹣120°＝60°，故答案为：60°．15．解：作DH⊥AB于H，如图，∵AD平分∠BAC，DH⊥AB，DC⊥AC，∴DH＝DC＝2，∴△ABD的面积＝×5×2＝5．故答案为5．16．解：∵∠1＝∠2，∴∠1+∠BAD＝∠2+∠BAD，即∠BAC＝∠EAD，∵AC＝AD，∴当添加∠B＝∠E时，可根据“AAS”判断△ABC≌△AED；当添加∠C＝∠D时，可根据“ASA”判断△ABC≌△AED；当添加AB＝AE时，可根据“SAS”判断△ABC≌△AED．故答案为∠B＝∠E或∠C＝∠D或AB＝AE．17．解：作DE⊥AB于点E，∵AD平分∠BAC，∠C＝90°，DE⊥AB，∴DC＝DE，∵BC＝3，且BD：DC＝5：4，∴DC＝3×＝，∴DE＝，∵AB＝5，DE⊥AB，∴△ABD的面积是：＝＝，故答案为：．18．解：如图，点P为所作．19．证明：（1）∵AE＝CF，∴AE﹣EF＝CF﹣EF，即AF＝CE，∵AD∥BC，∴∠A＝∠C，在△ADF和△CBE中，，∴△ADF≌△CBE（SAS），∴∠B＝∠D；（2）由（1）△ADF≌△CBE知：∠AFD＝∠BEC，∴180°﹣∠AFD＝180°﹣∠BEC，即∠DFE＝∠BEF，∴BE∥DF．20．证明：设AB与DE相交于点M，∵AC∥BD，∴∠C+∠DBE＝180°，∵∠C＝90°，∴∠DBE＝90°，在Rt△ACB与Rt△EBD中，，∴Rt△ACB≌Rt△EBD（HL），∴∠ABC＝∠D，∵∠D+∠MEB＝90°，∴∠ABC+∠MEB＝90°，∴∠EMB＝180°﹣∠ABC﹣∠MEB＝90°，∴DE⊥AB．21．（1）证明：由题意得：AC＝BC，∠ACB＝90°，AD⊥DE，BE⊥DE，∴∠ADC＝∠CEB＝90°，∴∠ACD+∠BCE＝90°，∠ACD+∠DAC＝90°，∴∠BCE＝∠DAC在△ADC和△CEB中，∴△ADC≌△CEB（AAS）；（2）解：由题意得：AD＝2×3＝6cm，BE＝7×2＝14cm，∵△ADC≌△CEB，∴EC＝AD＝6cm，DC＝BE＝14cm，∴DE＝DC+CE＝20（cm），答：两堵木墙之间的距离为20cm．22．（1）证明：∵∠ABE＝∠CBD，∴∠ABE+∠ABD＝∠CBD+∠ABD，即∠EBD＝∠ABC．在△EBD和△ABC中，，∴△EBD≌△ABC（ASA）；（2）解：∵△EBD≌△ABC，∴BD＝BC，∠BDE＝∠C，∵∠BDE＝65°，∴∠BDC＝∠BDE＝65°，∵∠CBD＝50°，∵O点为CD中点，∴∠OBD＝CBD＝25°．23．证明：如图，过点E作EF⊥AD于F，∵DE平分∠ADC，∠C＝90°，∴EC＝EF，∵EB＝EC，∴EF＝BE，又∵∠B＝90°，∴EB⊥AB，∵EF⊥AD，∴AE是∠DAB平分线．24．解：（1）PC＝PD，理由：∵OM是∠AOB的平分线，∴PC＝PD（角平分线上点到角两边的距离相等），故答案为：PC＝PD；（2）证明：过点P点作PE⊥OA于E，PF⊥OB于F，如图，∴∠PEC＝∠PFD＝90°，∵OM是∠AOB的平分线，∴PE＝PF，∵∠AOB＝90°，∠CPD＝90°，∴∠PCE+∠PDO＝360°﹣90°﹣90°＝180°，而∠PDO+∠PDF＝180°，∴∠PCE＝∠PDF，在△PCE和△PDF中，∴△PCE≌△PDF（AAS），∴PC＝PD．。
人教版八年级上册数学期末复习提纲
人教版八年级上册数学期末复习提纲一、一元一次方程与不等式
- 一元一次方程的含义与解法
- 一元一次方程的实际应用：两个运动员相向而行
- 不等式的定义及解法
- 不等式的实际应用：节约用水
二、平面图形
- 四边形：平行四边形、矩形、菱形、正方形、梯形
- 计算几何：平面图形的面积和周长
- 平行四边形的性质
- 矩形、正方形和菱形的性质
- 梯形的性质
三、函数
- 函数的概念与表达方式
- 函数的实际应用：移动电话资费
- 函数的增减性及其应用
- 函数的最大值和最小值及其应用
四、统计
- 统计的概念及基本术语
- 统计图及其应用：条形图、折线图、饼图
- 统计的平均数及其应用：算术平均数、加权平均数- 统计的离散程度及其应用：极差、方差、标准差
五、三角形
- 三角形的内角和定理及其应用
- 相似三角形及其应用
- 勾股定理及其应用
- 三角形面积的计算方法及其应用
六、立体图形
- 空间图形的基本概念：棱、面、顶点- 立方体、长方体的图形及其应用
- 平面与立体图形的转化
- 空间图形的表面积和体积计算及其应用。
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期末复习（一）第一章动物的主要类群一、自主复习(3~39页)根据体内有无脊椎骨，能够把动物分为和。
（1）无脊椎动物1、腔肠动物的主要特征：身体呈对称，体表有，有口无肛门。
代表动物：、、海蜇、珊瑚虫等。
2、扁形动物的主要特征：身体呈对称，背腹扁平，有口无肛门。
代表动物：绦虫、涡虫、等。
涡虫的消化器官是口、咽、肠。
3、线形动物的主要特征：身体细长，呈形；体表有；有口有肛门。
代表动物：、、丝虫、线虫等。
4、环节动物的主要特征：身体呈形，由很多彼此相似的组成；靠或辅助运动。
代表动物：蚯蚓、、等。
蚯蚓是靠体壁实行呼吸。
5、软体动物的主要特征：柔软的身体表面有，大多具有贝壳；运动器官为足。
代表动物：河蚌、乌贼、蜗牛等。
6、节肢动物的主要特征：体表有坚韧的；身体和附肢都分节。
代表动物：所有昆虫、蜘蛛、蜈蚣、虾、蟹等。
7、昆虫身体分为、、三部分，翅和足都生在。
昆虫的基本特征包括：有一对触角，三对足，一般有两对翅。
外骨骼起到的作用。
蝗虫是靠实行呼吸。
（2）脊椎动物8、鱼的主要特征：生活在水中；体表常有覆盖；用呼吸；通过尾部和躯干部的摆动以及鳍的协调作用游泳。
9、鱼能够在克服水中阻力的结构：身体呈，有利于减少鱼在水中运动时的阻力；身体表面分泌粘液，起保护作用。
10、鱼在游泳时，靠躯干部和尾部的左右摆动产生前进的动力，靠背鳍、胸鳍、腹鳍、臀鳍来保持平衡，靠尾鳍控制前进的方向。
11、我国的四大家鱼：、、、。
12、鳃中含有丰富的，所以鳃是鲜红色的。
13、两栖动物的主要特征：幼体生活在水中，用呼吸；成体大多生活在陆地上，也可在水中游泳，用呼吸，皮肤可辅助呼吸。
代表动物：青蛙、蝾螈、大鲵、蟾蜍等。
14、爬行动物的主要特征：体表覆盖角质的或，用呼吸；在陆地上产卵，卵表面有坚韧的卵壳。
代表动物：蛇、鳄鱼、龟、鳖等。
15、鸟的主要特征：体表覆羽；前肢变成翼；有喙无齿；有辅助肺呼吸。
16、鸟的外形呈流线形，减少飞行时空气的阻力。
17、鸟类的骨骼适于飞行的特点是：骨骼轻、薄、坚固，有些骨内部中空，可减少体重。
胸骨上高有龙骨突，发达的胸肌附着在胸骨上，牵动两翼完成飞行动作。
18、鸟类排便频繁，其原因是直肠短，粪便随时排出，有利于减轻体重，适于飞行。
19、、是恒温动物；、和是变温动物。
20、哺乳动物的主要特征：体表被毛；胎生，哺乳；牙齿有门齿、犬齿、臼齿的分化。
其中最突出的特征是和。
21、门齿的作用是切断食物；犬齿的作用是撕咬或撕裂食物；臼齿的作用是磨碎食物。
22、动物的食性：植食性（如兔）；肉食性（如狼）；杂食性（如人）23、兔的牙齿分化为门齿和臼齿，门齿适于切断植物纤维，臼齿适于磨碎食物。
兔的消化道上有发达的盲肠，这些都是与它们吃植物的生活习性相适合的。
二、看看你记住了多少？三、习题检测（一）单项选1.水螅体内的结构叫做( )。
A.空腔B.消化腔C.体腔D.内脏2、在下列蛔虫形态结构的特征中，哪项是比水螅在进化上的高等之处（）A．虫体细长B．具有消化腔C．四周围有三片唇D．具有口和肛门3．蛔虫进入人体是通过（）A．呼吸道B．口腔 C．蚊虫叮咬D．皮肤4、能正常生活的蚯蚓，其体表状况应为（）A．湿润、光滑B．干燥、光滑C．湿润、粗糙 D．干燥、粗糙5．在做观察蚯蚓的实验时，下列哪种操作能够使蚯蚓处于正常的生活状态（）A．环境气体流通好，使蚯蚓体表干燥B．将蚯蚓的体表涂抹凡士林，使体表保持湿润C．将蚯蚓放入水中，避免体壁变干燥D．经常用浸过水的棉球轻擦蚯蚓体表6、蚯蚓体表刚毛的作用是（）A．防御敌害B．协助运动 C．捕杀小动物 D．协助呼吸7、下列各项中，不属于线形动物的是（）A．蛔虫B珊瑚虫C钩虫D蛲虫8、生物圈中，种类和数量最多，分布最广的一类动物类群是( )A．环节动物B节肢动物 C 鱼类D鸟类9、下列相关两栖动物的描述中有错误的是( )。
A．既能生活在水中，又能生活在陆地的动物是两栖动物B．两栖动物变态发育；幼体呈蝌蚪形，成体具有四肢C．两栖动物心脏为二心房一心室，体温不恒定D．两栖动物的幼体生活在水中，成体一般在陆地生活10、下列动物都属于两栖类的一组是（）A、大壁虎、蛙、黄金蟒B、蛙、大鲵、蟒蛇C、蟾蜍、蝾螈、红瘰疣螈D、娃娃鱼、红瘰疣螈、大壁虎11、兔、牛、羊是食草动物，下列与它们食草习性相适合的特点（）①门齿像凿子②犬齿锐利③臼齿宽阔④消化道长⑤消化道短⑥盲肠发达A.①②④⑥B.②③④⑥C.①③④⑥D.②③⑤⑥12、蜥蜴呼吸的特点是( )。
A．完全用肺呼吸 B. 肺呼吸，皮肤辅助呼吸 C. 用体表呼吸 D. 用鳃呼吸13、真正的陆生脊椎动物是( )。
A．昆虫纲B．爬行纲 C. 蛛形纲 D. 两栖纲14、水由鱼口进入，经鱼鳃，鳃盖后缘流出时，溶解的气体成分的变化是（）A、氧含量减少二氧化碳含量增高B、氧含量增高，二氧化碳含量减少C、氧、二氧化碳含量都增高D、氧、二氧化碳含量都减少15、绝大部分鸟类体内具有气囊，气囊在鸟飞行时所起的作用不包括（）A.辅助肺完成双重呼吸B.减轻体重，增加浮力C.散失热量，降低体温D.保温保暖，使体温恒定16、在马牛羊的口腔里找不到下列哪种结构（）A.犬齿B.舌头C.臼齿D.门齿17、与家鸽相比，家兔更高等，更能适合复杂环境的特点是（）A．心脏四腔，血液运送氧气的水平强B．肺发达，能单独完成呼吸作用C．体表被毛，能保持恒定体温D．胎生哺乳，胚胎和幼体发育条件优越18、胎生相对于其他生殖方式的优势在于（）A．提升了后代的成活率 B.使后代数理大大增加C．增强了后代的体质 D.减轻母体负担19．鸟的身体里有发达的气囊，与肺相通，它们实行气体交换的场所是（）A．肺和气囊 B.气囊 C.肺 D.气管20、珍珠形成的原因是：（）A、外套膜自然分泌珍珠质而形成 B．外套膜包被异物而形成C．外套膜受到砂粒等异物刺激，分泌珍珠质，把异物包被起来而形成D．贝壳受到砂粒等异物刺激，分泌珍珠质，把异物包被起来而形成；21、在日常生活中，有很多动物有名无实，俗称“鱼”而不是鱼。
下列动物中真正属于鱼类的是( )A. 中华鲟B. 鲍鱼C. 墨鱼D. 甲鱼22、下列动物中，属于恒温的是（）A．青蛙； B．大鲵； C．蜥蜴； D．猫头鹰。
23.、下列关于恒温动物的叙述不准确的是（）A．恒温动物比变温动物高等； B．恒温动物减少对环境的依赖性；C．再大幅度的温度变化也不会影响恒温动物的生存；D．增强对环境的适合水平，扩大动物的分布范围。
24、下列哪一组合能准确配对脊椎动物及其呼吸器官？（）肺鳃皮肤辅助A 鱼两栖动物鸟B 鸟鱼两栖动物C 鸟两栖动物鱼D 两栖动物鸟鱼25、指出下列动物中都不是昆虫的组合（）①蝗虫②沙蚕③蚂蚁④蜈蚣⑤螳螂⑥蝎子⑦蟋蟀⑧蜘蛛⑨蚯蚓⑩蝴蝶A．②③⑤⑦⑨． B．②④⑥⑧⑨ C．②③④⑥⑧⑨ D．③④⑥⑦⑨（二）双项选26、下列关于哺乳动物的说法，错误的是（）A．主要特征包括胎生和哺乳等B．是动物界最高等的类群C．生活在陆地上D．哺乳动物适合环境的水平很强，能适合任何环境27、下列哪项不是家鸽适合飞行生活的外形特点（）。
A.身体分为头、颈、躯干、四肢、尾B.全身被覆羽毛C.直肠短、排便频繁D.身体呈流线型28、关于腔肠动物，下列哪些描述是错的（）A．珊瑚虫、海葵、海蜇是腔肠动物B．腔肠动物一般是脊椎动物C．腔肠动物有口有肛门，食物和食物残渣由肛门排出D．生活在水中29、下列动物全是软体动物的一组是： ( )A、河蚌、蚯蚓、蜗牛B、田螺、河蚌、乌贼C、乌贼、水螅、蛔虫D、河蚌、鲍鱼、田螺30、能说明蚯蚓属于环节动物的主要特征是（）A．有能够运动的腹足B．有刚毛辅助运动C．体表湿润适于生活在潮湿处D．身体由很多相似的体节构成31、下列哪项是蝗虫外骨骼的功能（）A. 协助飞行B. 协助呼吸C. 保护内部器官D. 防止水分蒸发32、下列关于不同动物结构和功能的叙述，错误的是（）A. 蝗虫的外骨骼是其适合陆地生活的重要特征B. 鲫鱼身体呈梭型是其对水生生活的适合C. 家鸽每呼吸一次，就在肺和气囊内各实行一次气体交换D. 水蛇和沙蚕都是具有很多体节的环节动物33、下列各项与家兔适合草食性生活无关的是（）A.牙齿分化为门齿和臼齿B.体腔内有膈C.盲肠特别发达D.食量大34、下列哪项不是昆虫对人类生产生活的影响（）A、中医用蜈蚣入药B、利用蜜蜂、蝴蝶等为农作物传粉C、采桑养蚕生产蚕丝D、虾蟹供人们食用35、下列关于哺乳动物和人类的关系，说法错误的是（）A、家畜是人类食物中动物蛋白的重要来源B、野生动物在维持生态系统的稳定中起着重要作用C、适合环境水平强，生产率高，能适合任何环境D、哺乳动物对人类都是有益的，所以全部都要加以保护。