(完整版)风景园林专业英语词汇

园林景观专业英语词汇规划planning草图sketch； rough map平面plan剖面section立面elevation透视perspective表示图diagram容积率coverage城市设计urban design; civic design地区规划regional planning步行轴ped axis整体规划general planning; master planning分区规划district planning近期建设规划immediate plan城市详尽规划detailed planning控制性详尽规划control detailed planning修筑性详尽规划site plan居住区规划residential district planning城市化urbanization城市生态urban ecology可连续发展sustainable development历史文假名城保护规划Plan of Preservation of Historic Cities 旧城改建urban redevelopment开发区development area城市化水平urbanization level城市群agglomeration城镇系统urban system卫星城satellite town城市基础设备urban infrastructure居民点settlement市municipality; city生态基础设备ecological infrastructure牧场pasture市域administrative region of a city商业区commercial district行政中心administration center商业街commercial street科技园technological region校园规划campus planning城市中心区urban center district居住单元flat历史地段history district民政地区civil district水警区居住区规划护林区工业区林木种子公园迅速公路城市美学游憩空间系统工程城市更新理论waters guard district residential district planning ranger districtindustrial districttree seed orchard thruwayurban esthetics esplanadesystems engineering urban renewal theory绿地 / 绿化带绿化覆盖率绿地率工厂绿化广场绿化居住区绿化谷底植栽场公共建筑绿化室内绿化城市绿化城市绿化系统公共绿地专用绿地防备绿地greenbeltpercentage of greenery coverageratio of green spacelandscaping within factorylandscaping of squarelandscaping of residential areaimproved vegetation & wild lifelandscaping around public buildingindoor gardenurban virescenceurban green space systempublic green spacespecified green spacegreen buffer建筑空间剧院茶馆（馆）专卖店博物馆电影院商场体育馆青少年宫图书室棋牌室健身房书店客堂露台浴室architectureshow place; theatercaff ； tea shopmonopolistic shopmuseumcinema ； movie houseemporium; shopping mallpalaestracallan house; children ’s palacelibraryrelaxation roomgymnasiumbook storeparlorbalconybathroom橱柜合院式建筑餐厅进口厨房屋顶小孩房小孩游玩室起居室门廊换衣室歇息室私人花园居民共享地带工人房比率元素会议中心/ 玩具室cabinetcourtyard buildingdining-room; dining hallentrancekitchenroofkid roomdollhouseliving roomporchchange roompavilionprivate gardenresidentshared zoneservants hallscaleelementconference center园林景观view of the garden乔木灌木铺石地下车库曲线形铺地庭园标记牌庭院瀑布步道园桥园林草本植物藤本植物蔓本植物砌石铺地亭，阁榭植被花坛大广场arborshrubband stonecar park bellowcurved paving bands cartilage; Garth(sign) courtyard identification sign courtyardfallfootpathgarden bridgegarden and parkherbagelianeliananatural cut stonepavepavilionpavilion on terraceplantingplanting bedsplaza台platform栈道deck promenade灯柱pole lights小水池pool雕塑sculpture小广场small square小水景small water feature林荫树shade trees楼storied building小溪流stream行道树street trees踏石stepping stone踏步terrace steps木制平台timber deck草坪turf ； grass园廊veranda空地void水景waterscape园墙wall in garden滨水地域waterfront茶亭tea house木亭log cabin遮阳亭shade structure水岸edge湾bay渡口ferry挡土墙retaining wall人行道pavement卵石pebble半岛peninsula常用的景观英文1.主进口大门/ 岗亭 (车行& 人行 ) MAIN ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )2.次进口/ 岗亭(车行&人行) 2ND ENTRANCE GATE/GUARD HOUSE (FOR VEHICLE& PEDESTRIAN )3.商业中心进口ENTRANCE TO SHOPPING CTR.4.水景 WATER FEATURE5.小型露天剧场MINI AMPHI-THEATRE6.迎宾景观 -1 WELCOMING FEATURE-17.观景木台TIMBER DECK (VIEWING)8.竹园 BAMBOO GARDEN9.闲步广场WALKWAY PLAZA10.露天咖啡廊OUT DOOR CAFE11.巨大迎宾水景 -2 GRAND WELCOMING FEATURE-212.木桥 TIMBER BRIDGE13.石景、水瀑、洞窟、观景台ROCK'SCAPE WATERFALL'S GROTTO/ VIEWING TERRACE14.吊桥 HANGING BRIDGE15.休憩台地 (低处 ) LOUNGING TERRACE (LOWER )16.休憩台地 (高处 ) LOUNGING TERRACE (UPPER )17.特点踏步 FEATURE STEPPING STONE18.野趣小溪 RIVER WILD19.小孩乐园 CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND20.旱冰道 SLIDE21.羽毛球场 BADMINTON COURT22.旱景 DRY LANDSCAPE23.日艺园 JAPANESE GARDEN24.旱喷泉 DRY FOUNTAIN25.观景台 VIEWING DECK26.游泳池 SWIMMING POOL27.极可意 JACUZZI28.嬉水池 WADING POOL29.小孩泳池 CHILDREN'S POOL30.曲折水墙WINDING WALL31.石景雕塑 ROCK SCULPTURE32.中心广场 CENTRAL PLAZA33.健身广场 EXERCISE PLAZA34.桥 BRIDGE35.沟通广场MEDITATING PLAZA36.兴趣树阵 TREE BATTLE FORMATION37.泊车场 PARING AREA38.特点花架 TRELLIS39.雕塑小道SCULPTURE TRAIL40.(高尔夫 )轻击区 PUTTING GREEN41.高尔夫球会所GOLF CLUBHOUSE42.每栋建筑进口ENTRANCE PAVING TO UNIT43.篮球场 BASKETBALL COURT44.网球场 TENNIS COURT45.阶梯 ***/ 栽种槽 TERRACING SEATWALL/PLANTER46.广场 MAIN PLAZA47.丛林、瀑布FOREST GARDEN WATERFALL48.石景园 ROCKERY GARDEN49.旱溪 DRY STREAM50.凉亭 PAVILION51.户外淋浴 OUTDOOR SHOWER52.拉膜构造TENSILE STRUCTURE53.台阶 STAIR54.高尔夫球车泊车场PARKING ( GOLF CAR )55.健身站 EXERCISE STATION56.晨跑小道 JOGGING FOOTPATH57.车道 / 人行道 DRIVEWAY /SIDEWALK58.人行闲步道PROMENADE59.瀑布及跳舞喷泉(进口广场 ) WATER FALL AND DANCING FOUNTAIN ( ENTRY PLAZA )60.特点进口ENTRY FEATURE 61石.景广场ROCKERY PLAZA常用造价英语词汇估量 / 花费估量： estimate/cost estimate;估量种类： types of estimate;详尽估量：是误差幅度最小的估量，defined estimate;设备估量： equipment estimate;剖析估量： analysis estimate;报价估量： roposal estimate;控制估量： control estimate;早期控制估量：interim control estimate/initial control estimate赞同的控制估量：initial approved cost审定估量： check estimate初次审定估量：first check estimate二次审定估量：production check estimate人工时估量： man hour estimate资料花费 / 直接资料花费：material cost/direct material cost设备花费 / 设备购置花费：equipment cost/purchased cost of equipment散装资料花费 / 散装资料购置花费：bulk material cost/purchased cost of bulk material施工花费： construction cost施工人工花费：labor cost/construction force cost设备安装人工花费：labor cost associated with equipment散装资料施工安装人工花费：labor cost associated with bulk materials人工时估量定额：standard manhours施工人工时估量定额：standard labor manhours标准工时定额：standard hours劳动生产率： labor productivity/productivity factor/productivity ratio修正的人工时估量值：adjusted manhours人工时单价： manhours rate施工监察花费：cost of construction supervision施工间接花费：cost of contruction indirects分包合同花费 / 现场施工分包合同花费：subcontract cost/field subcontract cost企业本部花费：home office cost企业管理花费：overhead非薪资花费： non payroll开车服务花费：cost of start-up services其余花费： other cost收益 / 预期收益： profit/expected profit服务酬劳： service gains风险： risk风险剖析： risk analysis风险备忘录： risk memorandum未可预示费： contingency基本未可预示费：average contingency最狂风险未可预示费：maximum risk contingency用户更改 / 合同更改： cilent change/contract change认同的用户更改：approved client change待定的用户更改：pending client change项目更改： project change内部更改： internalchange赞同的更改： authoried change强迫性更改： mandatory change选择性更改： optional change内部花费变换：internal transfer认同的估计花费：anticipated approved cost涨价值： escalation项目花费汇总报告：project cost summary report项目实行花费状态报告：project operation cost status report 总价合同： lump sum contract偿付合同： reimbursible contract估量： budget02.1 总论园林学 landscape architecture, garden architecture造园学 garden making, landscape gardening环境园艺学 environmental horticulture赏析园艺学 ornamental horticulture园林艺术 garden art园林美学 garden aesthetics园林建筑学 garden architecture园林建筑 garden building园林工程 garden engineering园林植物 landscape plant赏析植物 ornamental plant盆景 miniature landscape, penjing园林 garden and park园林学史 history of garden architecture园林规划 garden planning, landscaping planning园林设计 garden design园林机具设备 gardening machine园林管理 garden management园林生态 landscape ecology绿化 greening, planting环境绿化 environmental greening绿地面积 green area绿地率 ratio of green space城市绿化覆盖率 urban green coverage工厂绿化 factory greening, factory garden-ing街道绿化 street greening, street planting车行道绿化 driveway greening分车带绿化 dividing stripe greening人行道绿化 sidewalk greening民众绿化 mass planting movement郊区绿化 suburban greening公路绿化 highway greening铁路绿化 railway greening, railway planting堤岸栽种 bank planting露台绿化 balcony greening窗台绿化 window-sill greening屋顶绿化 roof greening垂直绿化 vertical greening攀登绿化 climber greening桥头绿化 bridgehead greening花园 garden专类花园 specified flower garden花园村 garden village园林城市 landscape garden city蔷薇园 rose garden松柏园 conifer garden球根园 bulb garden宿根园 perennial garden假山园 rock garden, Chinese rockery打猎场 hunting ground街心花园 street crossing center garden小游园 petty street garden水景园 water garden铺地园 paved garden野趣园 wild plants botanical garden野生植物园 wild plants garden乡趣园 rustic garden盆景园 penjing garden, miniature landscape动物园 zoo, zoological garden墓园 cemetery garden2.0061 沼泽园 bog and marsh garden2.0062 水生植物园aquatic plants garden学校园 school garden室内花园 indoor garden芬芳花园 fragrant garden盲人花园 garden for the blind公园 park, public park城市公园 city park, urban park区公园 regional park小孩公园 children park体育公园 sports park丛林公园 forest park纪念公园 memorial park烈士纪念公园 martyr memorial park综合公园 comprehensive park文化公园 cultural park文化休憩公园 cultural and recreation park中央公园 central park天然公园 natural park海滨公园 seaside park, seabeach park遗迹公园 historic site park河畔公园 riverside park湖滨公园 lakeside park路边公园 roadside park, street park娱乐公园 amusement park雕塑公园 sculpture park休憩公园 recreation park休养公园 sanatorium park国家公园 national park邻居公园 neighborhood park特种公园 special park植物园 botanical garden植物公园 abeled plants park高峰植物园alpine garden热带植物园tropical plants garden药用植物园 medical plants garden, herb garden 绿地 green space公共绿地 public green space单位绿地 unit green area城市绿地 urban green space街道广场绿地 street and square green area居住区绿地 residential quarter green area防备绿地 green area for environmental protection 郊区绿地 suburban green space邻居绿地 residential block green belt隶属绿地 attached green space生产绿地 productive plantation area苗圃 nursery景色 landscape, scenery自然景观 natural landscape人文景观 human landscape, scenery of humanities 草原景观 prairie landscape山岳景观 mountain landscape, alpine landscape 地理景观 geographical landscape湖泊景观 lake view郊区景观 suburban landscape地质景观 geological landscape喀斯特景观 karst landscape植物景观 plants landscape, flora landscape中国园林史中国古典园林 classical Chinese garden中国传统园林 traditional Chinese garden中国古代园林 ancient Chinese garden中国山川园 Chinese mountain and water garden 帝王宫苑 imperial palace garden皇家园林 royal garden私人园林 private garden江南园林 garden on the Yangtze Delta西方园林史西方古典园林 western classical garden英国式园林 English style garden中英混淆式园林 Anglo-Chinese style garden意大利式园林 Italian style garden西班牙式园林 Spanish style garden法兰西式园林 French style garden勒诺特尔式园林 Le Notre’ s style garden文艺中兴庄园 Renaissance style villa洛可可式园林 Rococo style garden巴洛克式园林 Baroque style garden庄园 manor, villa garden廊柱园 peristyle garden, patio绿廊 xystus迷阵 maze, labyrinth典型中西园林灵囿 Ling You Hunting Garden灵沼 Ling Zhao Water Garden灵台 Ling Tai Platform Garden阿房宫 E-Pang Palace上林苑 Shang-Lin Yuan未央宫 Wei-Yang Palace洛阳宫 Luoyang Palace华好官 Hua-Qing Palace艮岳 Gen Yue Imperial Garden圆明园 Yuan-Ming Yuan Imperial Garden颐和园 Yi-He Yuan Imperial Garden,Summer Palace承德避暑山庄 Chengde Imperial Summer Resort苏州园林 Suzhou traditional garden悬园 Hanging Garden英国皇家植物园 Royal Botanical Garden, Kew garden凡尔赛宫苑 Versailles Palace Park枫丹白露宫园 Fontainebleau Palace Garden02.3 园林艺术景 view, scenery, feature远景 distant view近景 nearby view障景 obstructive scenery, blocking view借景 borrowed scenery, view borrowing对景 opposite scenery, view in opposite place缩景 miniature scenery, abbreviated scenery漏景 leaking through scenery框景 enframed scenery尾景 terminal feature主景 main feature副景 secondary feature背景 objective view夹景 vista line, vista远景 front view背景 background景序 order of sceneries景点 feature spot, view spot仰望景观 upward landscape俯视景观 downward landscape季相景观 seasonal phenomena气象景观 meteorological diversity scenery视线 visual field秋景 fall color, autumn color园林空间 garden space开敞空间 wide open space, wide space关闭空间 enclosure space境界 artistic conception, poetic imagery苍古 antiquity空灵 spaciousness, airiness动观 in-motion viewing静观 in-position viewing视错觉 visual illusion园林艺术布局 artistic layout of garden对称均衡 symmetrical balance不对称均衡 asymmetrical balance左右对称 bilateral symmetry辐射对称 radial symmetry透景线 perspective line轴线 axis, axial line主轴 main axis 2.0200 副轴 auxiliary axis暗轴 hidden axis, invisible axis树冠线 skyline园林色彩艺术 art of garden colors单色谐调 monochromatic harmony复色谐调 compound chromatic harmony对照色突出 contrast colors accent近似色谐调 approximate colors harmony暖色 warm color冷色 cool color色感 color sense城市绿地系统规划 urban green space system planning 绿地系统 green space system公共绿地定额 public green space quota公共绿地指标 public green space norm绿地布局 green space layout吸引圈 attractive circle吸引距离 attractive distance有效半径 effective radius绿地资源 green space resource绿地成效 green space effect绿地规划程序 planning procedure of the green space 空间规划 space planning形象规划 image plan实行规划 implementary plan必需生活空间 necessary living space空暇生活空间 leisure time living space利用频度 usage frequency树种规划 planning of trees and shrubs绿地种类 type of green space环状绿型 annular green space块状绿地 green plot点状绿地 green spot放射状绿地 radiate green space楔状绿地 wedge-shaped green space缓冲绿地 buffer green space防音绿地 noise proof green space科学景观论 scientific landscape theory园林保存地 reserve garden公园规划 park planning园林整体规划 garden master planning总平面规划 site planning园林分区 garden zoning寂静歇息区 tranquil rest area小孩活动区 children playing space小孩游戏场 children playground, playlot体育运动区 sports activities area野餐区 picnic place漫步区 pedestrian space民众集合区 mass meeting square赏析植物区 ornamental plants area赏析温室区 display greenhouse area, display conservatory area 草坪区 lawn space绿荫区 shade tree section历史遗迹区 historical relics area青少年活动区 youngsters activities area诱鸟区 bird sanctuary area垂钓区 fishing center野营区 camp site游人中心 visitors center服务中心 service center探险游玩场 adventure ground文化活动区 cultural activities area道路系统 approach system, road system环形道路系统 circular road system方格形道路系统latticed road system放射形道路系统radiate road system自然式道路系统informal road system规整式道路系统formal road system混淆式道路系统 mixed style road system园林规划图 garden planning map园林规划说明书garden planning direction城市公园系统 urban park system公园散布 distribution of parks公园种类 park type, park category公园间距 distance between parks公园形式 park styles旅行区 excursion area, open-to-public area非旅行区 no-admittance area办公区 administrative area服务区 service center动歇息区 dynamic rest space静歇息区 static rest space娱乐演出区 entertaining performance place主要进口 main entrance次要进口 secondary entrance人流量 visitors flowrate车流量 vehicle flowrate公园道路 park road公园水陆面积比率 land-water ratio游人容纳量 visitors capacity景色资源检查 landscape resource evaluation景色学 scenicology景色规划 landscape plan景色设计 landscape design旅行路线 touring route旅行资源 tourism resource旅行地理 tourism geography旅行地质 tourism geology历史名城 famous historical city文假名城 famous cultural city文化旧址 ancient cultural relic天然博物馆 natural open museum景色地貌 natural geomorphology造型地貌 imaginative geomorphologic figuration 景色区 scenic spot, scenic area景色名胜 famous scenery, famous scenic site特奇观观景色区 specific natural scenes area民族民俗景色区 scenic spot of minority customs 高峰景色区 alpine scenic spot海滨景色区 seabeach scenic spot丛林景色区 forest scenic spot高峰草甸景色区 alpine tundra landscape spot 峡谷景色区 valley scenic spot江河景色区 river landscape district湖泊景色区 lake round scenic spot温泉景色区 hot spring scenic spot瀑布景色区 waterfall scenic spot禁伐禁猎区 region forbidden to tree cutting and hunting封山育林区 region closed for afforestation天池景色区 crater lake scenic spot自然保护区 nature protection area科学保护区 protection area for scientific research天然纪念物 natural monument生物圈保护区 biosphere protection area02.5 园林设计园林设计师 landscape architect, garden designer园址丈量图 garden site survey map地形图 topographic map, contour map栽种设计 planting design地形改造设计 topographical reform design栽种大样图 detail planting design造价剖析 cost analysis园林形式 garden style规整式园林 formal garden style非规整园林 informal garden style几何式园林 geometric garden style自然式园林 natural garden style混淆式园林 mixed garden style近代巴洛克式园林 modern Baroque style马克斯抽象园林 R.B. Marx abstract garden园林区划 garden area division园林分区规划 garden block planning庭院花园 courtyard garden前庭 front yard, forecourt后庭 back yard, rear yard中庭 patio厨园 kitchen yard沉 [ 床]园 sunken garden窗园 window garden墙园 wall garden宅园 home garden台地园 terrace garden冬园 winter garden切花园 cut flower garden屋顶花园 roof garden后花园 back yard garden园林地形改造 topographical reform of garden土山 earth piled hill, artificial mound假山 rockery, artificial rockwork太湖石 Taihu Lake stone, water modelled stone黄石 yellowish brown stone人造假山石 artificial stone, man-made stone 孤赏石 monolith, standing stone掇山 piled stone hill, hill making叠石 stones laying板石 flag stone散点石 scattered stone抱角石 corner stone屋基石 foundation stone排衙石 guard stone屏石 screen stone石岸 rock bank石阶 stone steps汀步 stepping stone on water surface附壁石 stone appended to wall石花台 stone flower bed石凳 stone bench假山石挡土墙 rock retaining wall干砌石 dry stone wall假山石楼梯 rock stairway石亭 stone pavilion石洞 stone cavern石窟 grotto置石 stone arrangement, stone layout拱石 arch stone拱顶石 key stone园林水景 water scenes of garden水体 water body水面 water surface水池 pool水塘 pond喷泉 fountain喷水池 fountain pool渡水池 wading pool倒影池 mirror pool, reflecting pool睡莲池 water-lily pool喷水管部署 piping schema垂钓塘 fishing pond高水位池塘 high water table pond池边坐人矮墙 seat wall surrounded pool隐头喷泉 secret fountain岛园 island garden半岛园 peninsula garden小岛 isle瀑布 waterfall小瀑布 cascade湖 lake矶 rock projecting over water水帘洞 water curtain cave园桥 garden bridge拱桥 arch bridge石板桥 stone slab bridge木板桥 plank bridge圆木桥 log bridge亭桥 pavilion bridge曲桥 zigzag bridge壁泉 wall fountain饮水喷头 drinking fountain植物配植 plant arrangement树木配植 arrangement of trees and shrubs 群植 group planting, mass planting孤植 specimen planting, isolated planting 丛植 clump planting组植 group planting林植 forest planting列植 linear planting对植 opposite planting, coupled planting环植 circular planting带植 belt planting散植 scattered planting, loose planting边沿栽种 edge planting界限栽种 boundary planting整形栽种 architectural planting基础栽种 foundation planting角隅栽种 corner planting景框栽种 planting as enframent门卫栽种 guard planting篱恒栽种 fence planting障景栽种 screen planting背景栽种 background planting林下栽种 underwood planting路边栽种 roadside planting绿篱 hedge树墙 espalier庭荫树 shade tree园景树 specimen tree景色林 amenity forest, ornamental forest行道树 avenue tree, street tree纪念林 memorial forest整型树 topiary tree花篱 flower hedge ’刺篱 thorny plants hedge常绿绿篱 evergreen hedge落叶绿篱 deciduous hedge高篱 high hedge沟中边篱 hah-hah fence图案矮篱 pattern dwarf hedge迷宫绿篱 labyrinth hedge整剪绿篱 clipped hedge自然式花篱 natural flowering hedge边篱 boundary fence园篱 garden fence, garden hedge纯林 pure forest混交林 mixed forest林空隙地 open space in woodland杂木林 spinney树冠覆盖面 tree canopy草坪 lawn整形草坪 formal lawn开花草坪 flowering lawn牧场草坪 meadowy land花坛 flower bed路边花坛 roadside flower bed带状花坛 ribbon flower bed时钟花坛 flower clock盆种花坛 potted flower bed, basined flower bed 高设花台 raised flower bed毛毡花坛 carpet bed镶嵌花坛 mosaic bed铺石花坛 paved bed灌木花坛 shrub bed图案花坛群 parterre草药花坛 herbaceous flower bed花结花坛 knot bed整形花坛 formal flower bed花境 flower border花桶 flower tub植树箱 planting box活动花坛 movable flower bed瓶饰 garden vase灌木花境 shrub border混淆花境 mixed border园林道路设计 garden road design, garden path design闲步路 trail, footway小径 alley, path川草坪岛 lawn island安全岛 traffic island, refuge island转曲折度 turning curvature转弯半径 turning radius踏面 landing pitch步石 stepping stone渡水踏步 wading step错铺路 crazy paving path任意组合方石板路 flag stone path paved at random花纹路 pattern path林荫路 mall林荫大道 boulevard花园路 parkway林间小道 path in woodland栽种池 planting bed树池保护格栅 tree grate树干保护套栏 tree guard树池坐凳矮墙 seatwall-surrounded planting路面线纹 score line传统园林建筑 traditional garden building凉亭 summer shelter活树亭 arbor, tent arbor蘑菇亭 mushroom pavilion茅亭 thatched pavilion竹亭 bamboo pavilion茶亭 tea booth, tea kiosk回廊 cloister水廊 corridor on water曲廊 zigzag veranda扒山廊 sloping gallery楼廊 two-storied gallery画舫 painted pleasure boat石舫 stone boat不击舟 immovable pleasure boat诗条石 poem-engraved stone slab月洞门 moon gate2.0531 扶手栏杆handrail2.0532 坐凳栏杆seat rail石碑 stone tablet, stele园林露天剧场 open garden theater园林露天舞池 open garden dancing place露天音乐台 outdoor music stand瞭望台 prospect deck生殖温室 plant propagation greenhouse展览温室 public conservatory月池 new-moon pool园林小品 small garden ornaments磁砖壁画 painted tile mural tablet园椅 garden chair, garden seat园凳 garden bench园桌 garden table园灯 garden lamp日规 sundial鸟浴 bird bath鸟舍 bird cottage, nestle box鸟笼 bird cage, bird coop悬篮 hanging basket野鸟喂食器 bird feeder额匾 horizontal inscribed board楹联 couplet written on scroll, couplet on pillar引露天烤炉 open barbecue树棚 living-tree pergola花架 pergola花格架 trellis, treillage点景牌楼 naming pailou, decorated archway园林施工 garden layout, garden construction栽种工程 planting engineering大树移植 big tree transplanting裸根移植 bare root transplanting土球移植 ball transplanting沟植 trench planting假植 heeling in, temporary planting播种草坪 seeding lawn铺草皮块草坪 sodding lawn假山工程 rockery engineering掇山五法 five methods" of rock piling平分均衡法 method of making the rock equa-tional and balanced前轻后重法 method of making the front part of rock lighter than the back part 上轻下重法 method of lowering the center of gravity of rocks纹理一致法 method of unifying the rock veins石料一致法 method of unifying the rock mate-rials赏析树木 ornamental tree and shrub观叶植物 foliage plant观果植物 fruit-effect plant观枝干植物 plants with ornamental trunks and branches 指示植物 indicating plant主景植物 accent plant耐湿植物 damp tolerant plant抗风植物 wind-resistant plant耐盐碱植物saline-alkali tolerant plan市花 city flower市树 city tree国花 national flower国树 national tree芬芳植物 fragrant plant抗污染植物pollution resistant plant环保植物 environment protecting plant高峰植物 alpine plant岩生植物 rock plant攀登植物 climbing plant, climber地被植物 ground cover plant阴生植物 shade plant装修植物 decorative plant装缘植物 edging plant绿蓠植物 hedge plant草坪植物 lawn plant, lawn grass花坛植物 bedding plant球根植物 bulbous plant宿根植物 perennial plant, perennial水生植物 aquatic plant, hydrophyte旱生植物 xerophyte沼泽植物 bog plant, swamp plant室内装修植物 indoor decorative plant, house plant切花 cut flower垂枝植物 pendulous plant, weeping plant环绕植物 twiner, twinning plant针叶植物 needle-leaved plant阔叶植物 broad-leaved plant斑叶植物 variegate-leaved plant松柏植物 conifer常绿植物 evergreen plant半常绿植物semi-evergreen plant不耐寒植物tender plant半耐寒植物half-hardy plant耐寒植物 hardy plant耐旱植物 drought enduring plant山石资料 stone material昆山石 Kunshan stone钟乳石 stalactite灵壁石 Lingbi stone英德石 Yingde stone青石 Qing stone宣石 Xuan stone房山石 Fangshan stone赏析动物 ornamental animal赏析鸟类 ornamental bird赏析兽类 ornamental beast赏析昆虫类 ornamental insect02.8 园林机具设备园林机械 garden machine园林工具 garden instrument, garden implement园林设备 garden equipment花坛分界隔板plastic bed divider栽种容器 planting container圆木桩 log peg发射装置 jet bubbler滴灌 trickle irrigator, drip irrigator环动喷灌器circle sprinkler圆筒喷灌器rotor sprinkler自控器 automatic controller管端喷灌器hose end sprinkler固定喷灌器stationary sprinkler喷雾喷灌器 mist sprinkler, spray head sprinkler喷灌覆盖面sprinkler coverage草坪加肥器lawn feeder施肥喷灌器 combined feeder and sprinkler液肥混淆分配器 liquid fertilizer mixer-proportioner滴水喷头 emitter, dripper水土保持塑料网 erosion control plastic net苗木包装资料 nursery stock package material麻布袋 burlap bag铁丝篮 wire basket篮状栽种器basket container塑料苗木桶plastic nurserican播种盘 seed tray网孔盆 mesh pot含肥泥炭盆fertile peat pot盆栽机 potting machine换盆机 repotting machine重生纸栽种器reclaimed paper container纤维育苗器 wood fiber plant grower泥炭压制播种饼 peat seeding pellet, peat seeding starter松土除草机cultivator旋转锄 rotary hoe切叶机 foliage cutter翻地犁 uncovering plough盖土机 mounted spreader前悬装土机front mounted loader后缀装土机rear mounted loader旋轴剪草机spindle mower栽种机 planting machine植物覆盖 plant mulching覆盖物分别机mulch spreader种子液肥喷洒机hydro seeder修枝剪 pruning shear播种器 garden seeder球根栽种器bulb planter土壤酸度探测器pH-value computer巴效剖析器fertilizer analyzer嫁接刀 grafting knife温室设备 greenhouse equipment盆栽注水系统pot watering system温室天气控制器greenhouse climate controller温室覆盖 greenhouse covering喷雾自控系统 automatic mist control system二氧化碳发生器C02 generator温度报警钟temperature alarm旅行车 park sightseeing bus引剪草机 lawn mower动力剪草机power lawnmower畜力剪草机horse lawnmower手推剪草机hand lawnmower游人检查 visitors investigation游人统计 visitors statistics游人剖析 garden visitors analysis游人管理 visitors management导游图 tourist map2.0701 导游讲解tour descri ption and direction2.0702 劳动管理labour management物质管理 material handling, goods handling设备管理 equipment management, facility management财务管理 financial management安全管理 safety management环境监测 environmental monitor植物保养管理 plant maintenance and management园林技术管理garden technical management质量管理 quality management园貌维修 garden feature maintenance植物整形修剪 plant trimming and pruning植物病虫防治 disease and insect control园林管理规划management plan游人建议办理 treatment of visitors opinions游人规则 visitors regulation园内交通管理 traffic control in park园外交通管理 traffic control out of park entrance汽车泊车规则parking rules自行车停放规则bicycle parking rules开放时间 opening time平时洁净卫生管理 daily sanitation and hygiene management 人类生态环境human ecological environment自然系统 natural system自然资源 natural resource自然保护 conservation of nature自然保存 natural preservation环境保护 environmental protection环境容量 environment capacity环境适合性 environment fitness环境空气质量标准 ambient air quality共生 symbiosis互惠共生 mutualism公害 public nuisance生态绝灭 ecological extinction生态系统 ecosystem生态圈 ecosphere生态灾害 ecological disaster环境质量 environmental quality环境压力 environment stress生命保持系统life-support system反应系统 feedback system自养生物 autotroph异养生物 heterotroph食品链 foodchain生物圈 biosphere濒危植物 endangered plant, threatened plant主体群落 major community人工群落 artificial community绿色革命 green revolution户外娱乐资源outdoor recreation resource原始环境系统wilderness environment system近代环境系统modern environment system农村生活模式country life-pattern烟害 smoke pollution, fume pollution雾害 fog pollution霜害 frost injury水污染 water pollution土壤污染 soil pollution, soil contamination园林小天气garden microclimate环境保护植物environmental conservation plant引天气调理climatic regulation自动调理机能homeostasis生态均衡 ecological homeostasis丛林生态系统forest ecosystem草原生态系统prairie ecosystem滞尘植物 dust holding plant其余：AAccessibility 可达性Accessible route 易达的路线advance notice 预先通知aerial photogrammetry航空拍照丈量aerobic digesters 需氧消化池aesthetic considerations审美方面的考虑brick and concrete block walls砖和混凝土砌块墙stone walls 石头墙wood and metal fences木头和金属栅栏aesthetic controls审美控制aggregate base 混淆基础AIA 美国建筑师协会Anaerobic digesters 厌氧分解池APA 美国规划师协会arterial streets骨干道as-built records施工记录ASLA 美国景观建筑师协会athletic facility运动设备average walking distance 均匀步行距离axioms 原理。