虚拟语气翻译

虚拟语气翻译

If 条件句

1.与现在事实相反

从句：动词过去式（be 动词多用were）

主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形

If I were you, I should accept the invitation.

If I had time, I would go there.

2.与过去事实相反

从句：had+过去分词

主句：would/should/could/might + have done

If you had come earlier, you couldn’t have missed the bus.

If he had seen you yesterday, he would have returned your book.

3.与将来事实相反

从句：should+动词原形

were to+动词原形

动词过去式（be 动词多用were）+ 将来时间状语

主句：would/should/could/might+动词原形

If it should rain/were to rain/rained tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.

If you dropped/should drop/were to drop the glass, it would break.

4.混合时间条件句与主句

If you had reviewed the lesson, you would answer the question now.

If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. If I were you, I would have gone home.

5.条件句与主句的省略

I would /should have it, but I was too busy then.

I was surprised that you didn’t like this job, you could have done it better.

6. 含蓄条件句与主句 without=but for代替if从句

Without your help, we wouldn’t have made such great progress.

= if there had been no help from you, we wouldn’t have made such great progress.

Without air, there would be no living things.

6.as if/as though引导的状语从句中用法

表现在：从句用过去式（be 动词多用were）

表将来：从句would/should/could/might+动词原形

表过去：从句had done

The man speaks as if he were a foreigner.

The speaker told us a lot about that country as though he had been there many times.

They talked as if they had been good friends for years.

7.wish宾语从句中的用法

表现在：从句用过去式（be 动词多用were）

表将来：从句would/should/could/might+动词原形

表过去：从句had done

He wishes he were as clever as you.

How I wish I would go abroad next year.

I wish I had passed yesterday exam.

8. 相对虚拟形式：（should）+动词原形

It is my suggestion that we should start our journey to Egypt tomorrow.在动词suggest， order， demand， propose， command， request， desire， insist，require， decide， promise， resolve， argue， maintain， determine， recommend，advise， advocate， persuade等表示“命令”、“建议”、“要求”动词后的宾语从句中。

She insisted that the seats （should） be booked in advance. 她坚持要预定座位。He advised that the doctor （should） be sent for. 他劝我们派人请医生。

8.it is (high)time + that从句过去式或should do “该。。。的时候了”

It is time we left/should leave.

It is time that I bought a car.

It is time that you made some sentences by using this pattern.

1有人建议会议在周六举行。

2要是我生在美国，我就不用学英语了。

3要是你早告诉我实话就好了。

5如果没有音乐，这个世界就太单调了。

6孩子们该上床睡觉了。

四级真题

1. If she had returned an hour earlier , Mary ____________________________(就不会被大雨淋湿了).

2. You would not have failed if you __________________________(按照我的指令去做).

3. There would be no life on earth _______________ (没有地球独特的环境)。

4. They requested that ______________ (我借的的书还回图书馆)by next Friday.

for mobile phone， ____________________.(我们的通讯就不可能如此迅速和方便）

6. The victim _______________________（本来有机会活下来）if he had been taken to hospital in time