【第三十一站】文房四宝——纸

【第三十一站】文房四宝——纸

文房四宝

——纸

在中华传统文化中，笔墨纸砚中的“纸”指的是宣纸，原产地为安徽宣城泾县。

In traditional Chinese culture, 'paper' in 'the Four Treasures of Study' refers to rice paper, which originated in Jingxian County, Xuancheng, Anhui Province.

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历史渊源 History

唐天宝年间，在全国各地运到京城长安的进贡之物中，宣城郡船中有“纸、笔”等贡品，这说明当时纸、笔已有生产。

In the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, among the tributes transported to Chang'an, the capital, there were 'paper and brush' and other tributes in the boat of Xuancheng County, which showed that paper and brush had been produced at that time.

宋元，曹氏一支辗转迁徙到安徽泾县后，开始了全面系统地制作“宣纸”的历程。

In the Song and Yuan Dynasties, after the Cao family moved to Jingxian County, Anhui Province, they began to make rice paper comprehensively and systematically.

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特点 Features

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宣纸润墨性好，耐久耐老化强，不易变色。

Rice paper has strong properties of ink moistening and aging resistance as well as durability. The color on it is not easy to change.

一笔落成，纹理可见，墨韵清晰，层次分明。少虫蛀，寿命长。宣纸自古有“纸中之王、千年寿纸”的誉称。

When one stroke is completed, the texture is visible, the ink rhyme is clear and the level is distinct. Eaten by less worms, rice paper with good keeping qualities has been hailed as 'the king of paper” “paper with a long life' since ancient times.

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分类 Classification

按加工方法和纸面洇墨程度分类，可将其分为：生宣、熟宣、半生熟宣。

According to the processing method and the degree of ink blot on paper, it can be divided into: raw, cooked and half-cooked.

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生宣 Raw Rice Paper

生宣是未经过后期加工处理过的宣纸，所以吸墨能力和沁墨能力都很强，通过熟练的技法还能呈现不同的视觉效果。

Raw rice paper is the rice paper that has not been processed in the later stage, so it has strong ink absorption and inking ability. It can also show different visual effects through skilled techniques.

因为一旦笔墨接触纸面就会快速晕开，所以不建议初学者使用。

Because once the ink touches the paper, it will quickly faint, so it is not recommended for beginners to use.

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熟宣 Cooked Rice Paper

这类宣纸是经过人为加工和处理的，比普通宣纸要结实一些，密度也更高，导致它的吸墨性不好。

This kind of rice paper is artificially processed and treated. It

is stronger than ordinary rice paper and has higher density, resulting in poor ink absorption.

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半生熟宣

Half Cooked Rice Paper

半生熟宣纸像是“半生不熟”的，同样经过了后期处理。但它的渗透能力介于生宣和熟宣之间，在书写时间和用笔力度上都比较容易把握，适合初学者使用。

Half cooked rice paper looks like 'half cooked', which has also undergone post-processing. However, its penetration ability is between raw rice paper and cooked rice paper, and it is easy to grasp the writing time and writing strength, which is suitable for beginners.

除此之外，宣纸的制作工艺十分复杂，每一步都显露着中国古代劳动人民的伟大智慧.

What’s more, the production process of rice paper is very complicated, and its each step reveals the great wisdom of the ancient Chinese working people

文字来源：白玉娜刘镇蒙