热力学英语
化学常用英语词汇
化学常用英语词汇1．The Ideal-Gas Equation 理想气体状态方程2. Partial Pressures 分压3. Real Gases: Deviation from Ideal Behavior 真实气体：对理想气体行为的偏离4. The van der Waals Equation 范德华方程5. System and Surroundings 系统与环境6. State and State Functions 状态与状态函数7. Process 过程8. Phase 相9. The First Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第一定律10. Heat and Work 热与功11. Endothermic and Exothermic Processes 吸热与发热过程12. Enthalpies of Reactions 反应热13. Hess’s Law 盖斯定律14. Enthalpies of Formation 生成焓15. Reaction Rates 反应速率16. Reaction Order 反应级数17. Rate Constants 速率常数18. Activation Energy 活化能19. The Arrhenius Equation 阿累尼乌斯方程20. Reaction Mechanisms（机制）反应机理21. Homogeneous Catalysis（catalysis英 [kə'tæləsɪs] n.催化作用）均相催化剂22. Heterogeneous Catalysis 非均相催化剂23. Enzymes 酶24. The Equilibrium Constant 平衡常数25. the Direction of Reaction 反应方向26. Le Chatelier’s Principle 列沙特列原理27. Effects of Volume, Pressure, Temperature Changes and Catalysts体积，压力，温度变化以及催化剂的影响28. Spontaneous Processes 自发过程（spontaneous [spɒnˈteɪniəs] adj.自发的;自然的;天然产生的;无意识的）29. Entropy (Standard Entropy) 熵（标准熵）30. The Second Law of Thermodynamics 热力学第二定律31. Entropy Changes 熵变32. Standard Free-Energy Changes 标准自由能变33. Acid-Bases 酸碱34. The Dissociation of Water 水离解35. The Proton in Water 水合质子36. The pH Scales pH值37. Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases Bronsted-Lowry 酸和碱38. Proton-Transfer Reactions 质子转移反应39. Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs 共轭酸碱对40. Relative Strength of Acids and Bases 酸碱的相对强度41. Lewis Acids and Bases 路易斯酸碱42. Hydrolysis of Metal Ions 金属离子的水解43. Buffer Solutions 缓冲溶液44. The Common-Ion Effects 同离子效应45. Buffer Capacity 缓冲容量46. Formation of Complex Ions 配离子的形成47. Solubility 溶解度48. The Solubility-Product Constant Ksp 溶度积常数49. Precipitation and separation of Ions 离子的沉淀与分离50. Selective Precipitation of Ions 离子的选择沉淀51. Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 氧化还原反应52. Oxidation Number 氧化数53. Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Equations 氧化还原反应方程的配平54. Half-Reaction 半反应55. Galvani Cell 原电池56. Voltaic Cell 伏特电池57. Cell EMF 电池电动势58. Standard Electrode Potentials 标准电极电势59. Oxidizing and Reducing Agents 氧化剂和还原剂60. The Nernst Equation 能斯特方程61. Electrolysis 电解62. The Wave Behavior of Electrons 电子的波动性63. Bohr’s Model of The Hydrogen Atom 氢原子的波尔模型64. Line Spectra 线光谱65. Quantum Numbers 量子数66. Electron Spin 电子自旋67. Atomic Orbital 原子轨道68. The s (p, d, f) Orbital s（p，d，f）轨道69. Many-Electron Atoms 多电子原子70. Energies of Orbital 轨道能量71. The Pauli Exclusion Principle 泡林不相容原理72. Electron Configurations 电子构型73. The Periodic Table 周期表74. Row 行75. Group 族76. Isotopes, Atomic Numbers, and Mass Numbers 同位素，原子数，质量数77. Periodic Properties of the Elements 元素的周期律78. Radius of Atoms 原子半径79. Ionization Energy 电离能80. Electronegativity 电负性81. Effective Nuclear Charge 有效核电荷82. Electron Affinities 亲电性83. Metals 金属84. Nonmetals 非金属85. Valence Bond Theory 价键理论86. Covalence Bond 共价键87. Orbital Overlap 轨道重叠88. Multiple Bonds 重键89. Hybrid Orbital 杂化轨道90. The VSEPR Model 价层电子对互斥理论91. Molecular Geometries 分子空间构型92. Molecular Orbital 分子轨道93. Diatomic Molecules 双原子分子94. Bond Length 键长95. Bond Order 键级96. Bond Angles 键角97. Bond Enthalpies 键能98. Bond Polarity 键矩99. Dipole Moments 偶极矩100. Polarity Molecules 极性分子101. Polyatomic Molecules 多原子分子102. Crystal Structure 晶体结构103. Non-Crystal 非晶体104. Close Packing of Spheres 球密堆积105. Metallic Solids 金属晶体106. Metallic Bond 金属键107. Alloys 合金108. Ionic Solids 离子晶体109. Ion-Dipole Forces 离子偶极力110. Molecular Forces 分子间力111. Intermolecular Forces 分子间作用力112. Hydrogen Bonding 氢键113. Covalent-Network Solids 原子晶体114. Compounds 化合物115. The Nomenclature, Composition and Structure of Complexes 配合物的命名，组成和结构116. Charges, Coordination Numbers, and Geometries 电荷数、配位数、及几何构型117. Chelates 螯合物118. Isomerism 异构现象119. Structural Isomerism 结构异构120. Stereoisomerism 立体异构121. Magnetism 磁性122. Electron Configurations in Octahedral Complexes 八面体构型配合物的电子分布123. Tetrahedral and Square-planar Complexes 四面体和平面四边形配合物124. General Characteristics 共性125. s-Block Elements s区元素126. Alkali Metals 碱金属127. Alkaline Earth Metals 碱土金属128. Hydrides 氢化物129. Oxides 氧化物130. Peroxides and Superoxides 过氧化物和超氧化物131. Hydroxides 氢氧化物132. Salts 盐133. p-Block Elements p区元素134. Boron Group (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium, Indium, Thallium) 硼族（硼，铝，镓，铟，铊）135. Borane 硼烷136. Carbon Group (Carbon, Silicon, Germanium, Tin, Lead) 碳族（碳，硅，锗，锡，铅）137. Graphite, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide 石墨，一氧化碳，二氧化碳138. Carbonic Acid, Carbonates and Carbides 碳酸，碳酸盐，碳化物139. Occurrence and Preparation of Silicon 硅的存在和制备140. Silicic Acid，Silicates 硅酸，硅酸盐141. Nitrogen Group (Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth) 氮族（磷，砷，锑，铋）142. Ammonia, Nitric Acid, Phosphoric Acid 氨，硝酸，磷酸143. Phosphorates, phosphorus Halides 磷酸盐，卤化磷144. Oxygen Group (Oxygen, Sulfur, Selenium, and Tellurium) 氧族元素（氧，硫，硒，碲）145. Ozone, Hydrogen Peroxide 臭氧，过氧化氢146. Sulfides 硫化物147. Halogens (Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine) 卤素（氟，氯，溴，碘）148. Halides, Chloride 卤化物，氯化物149. The Noble Gases 稀有气体150. Noble-Gas Compounds 稀有气体化合物151. d-Block elements d区元素152. Transition Metals 过渡金属153. Potassium Dichromate 重铬酸钾154. Potassium Permanganate 高锰酸钾155. Iron Copper Zinc Mercury 铁，铜，锌，汞156. f-Block Elements f区元素157. Lanthanides 镧系元素158. Radioactivity 放射性159. Nuclear Chemistry 核化学160. Nuclear Fission 核裂变161. Nuclear Fusion 核聚变162. analytical chemistry 分析化学163. qualitative analysis 定性分析164. quantitative analysis 定量分析165. chemical analysis 化学分析166. instrumental analysis 仪器分析167. titrimetry 滴定分析168. gravimetric analysis 重量分析法169. regent 试剂170. chromatographic analysis 色谱分析171. product 产物172. electrochemical analysis 电化学分析173. on-line analysis 在线分析174. macro analysis 常量分析175. characteristic 表征176. micro analysis 微量分析177. deformation analysis 形态分析178. semimicro analysis 半微量分析179. systematical error 系统误差180. routine analysis 常规分析181. random error 偶然误差182. arbitration analysis 仲裁分析183. gross error 过失误差184. normal distribution 正态分布185. accuracy 准确度186. deviation偏差187. precision 精密度188. relative standard deviation 相对标准偏差（RSD）189. coefficient variation 变异系数（CV）190. confidence level 置信水平191. confidence interval 置信区间192. significant test 显著性检验193. significant figure 有效数字194. standard solution 标准溶液195. titration 滴定196. stoichiometric point 化学计量点197. end point 滴定终点198. titration error 滴定误差199. primary standard 基准物质200. amount of substance 物质的量201. standardization 标定202. chemical reaction 化学反应203. concentration 浓度204. chemical equilibrium 化学平衡205. titer 滴定度206. general equation for a chemical reaction 化学反应的通式207. proton theory of acid-base 酸碱质子理论208. acid-base titration 酸碱滴定法209. dissociation constant 解离常数210. conjugate acid-base pair 共轭酸碱对211. acetic acid 乙酸212. hydronium ion 水合氢离子213. electrolyte 电解质214. ion-product constant of water 水的离子积215. ionization 电离216. proton condition 质子平衡217. zero leve 零水准218. buffer solution 缓冲溶液219. methyl orange 甲基橙220. acid-base indicator 酸碱指示剂221. phenolphthalein 酚酞222. coordination compound 配位化合物223. center ion 中心离子224. cumulative stability constant 累积稳定常数225. alpha coefficient 酸效应系数226. overall stability constant 总稳定常数227. ligand 配位体228. ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid 乙二胺四乙酸229. side reaction coefficient 副反应系数230. coordination atom 配位原子231. coordination number 配位数232. lone pair electron 孤对电子233. chelate compound 螯合物234. metal indicator 金属指示剂235. chelating agent 螯合剂236. masking 掩蔽237. demasking 解蔽238. electron 电子239. catalysis 催化240. oxidation 氧化241. catalyst 催化剂242. reduction 还原243. catalytic reaction 催化反应244. reaction rate 反应速率245. electrode potential 电极电势246. activation energy 反应的活化能247. redox couple 氧化还原电对248. potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾249. iodimetry 碘量法250. potassium dichromate 重铬酸钾251. cerimetry 铈量法252. redox indicator 氧化还原指示253. oxygen consuming 耗氧量（OC）254. chemical oxygen demanded 化学需氧量(COD) 255. dissolved oxygen 溶解氧(DO)256. precipitation 沉淀反应257. argentimetry 银量法258. heterogeneous equilibrium of ions 多相离子平衡259. aging 陈化260. postprecipitation 继沉淀261. coprecipitation 共沉淀262. ignition 灼烧263. fitration 过滤264. decantation 倾泻法265. chemical factor 化学因数266. spectrophotometry 分光光度法267. colorimetry 比色分析268. transmittance透光率269. absorptivity 吸光率270. calibration curve 校正曲线271. standard curve 标准曲线272. monochromator 单色器273. source 光源274. wavelength dispersion 色散275. absorption cell 吸收池276. detector 检测系统277. bathochromic shif 红移278. Molar absorptivity 摩尔吸光系数279. hypochromic shift 紫移280. acetylene 乙炔281. ethylene 乙烯282. acetylating agent 乙酰化剂283. acetic acid 乙酸284. adiethyl ether 乙醚285. ethyl alcohol 乙醇286. acetaldehtde 乙醛287. β-dicarbontl compound β–二羰基化合物288. bimolecular elimination 双分子消除反应289. bimolecular nucleophilic substitution 双分子亲核取代反应290. open chain compound 开链族化合物291. molecular orbital theory 分子轨道理论292. chiral molecule 手性分子293. tautomerism 互变异构现象294. reaction mechanism 反应历程295. chemical shift 化学位移296. Walden inversio 瓦尔登反转n297. Enantiomorph 对映体298. addition rea ction 加成反应299. dextro- 右旋300. levo- 左旋301. stereochemistry 立体化学302. stereo isomer 立体异构体303. Lucas reagent 卢卡斯试剂304. covalent bond 共价键305. conjugated diene 共轭二烯烃306. conjugated double bond 共轭双键307. conjugated system 共轭体系308. conjugated effect 共轭效应309. isomer 同分异构体310. isomerism 同分异构现象311. organic chemistry 有机化学312. hybridization 杂化313. hybrid orbital 杂化轨道314. heterocyclic compound 杂环化合物315. peroxide effect 过氧化物效应t316. valence bond theory 价键理论317. sequence rule 次序规则318. electron-attracting grou p 吸电子基319. Huckel rule 休克尔规则320. Hinsberg test 兴斯堡试验321. infrared spectrum 红外光谱322. Michael reacton 麦克尔反应323. halogenated hydrocarbon 卤代烃324. haloform reaction 卤仿反应325. systematic nomenclatur 系统命名法e326. Newman projection 纽曼投影式327. aromatic compound 芳香族化合物328. aromatic character 芳香性r329. Claisen condensation reaction克莱森酯缩合反应330. Claisen rearrangement 克莱森重排331. Diels-Alder reation 狄尔斯-阿尔得反应332. Clemmensen reduction 克莱门森还原333. Cannizzaro reaction 坎尼扎罗反应334. positional isomers 位置异构体335. unimolecular elimination reaction 单分子消除反应336. unimolecular nucleophilic substitution 单分子亲核取代反应337. benzene 苯338. functional grou 官能团p339. configuration 构型340. conformation 构象341. confomational isome 构象异构体342. electrophilic addition 亲电加成343. electrophilic reagent 亲电试剂344. nucleophilic addition 亲核加成345. nucleophilic reagent 亲核试剂346. nucleophilic substitution reaction亲核取代反应347. active intermediate 活性中间体348. Saytzeff rule 查依采夫规则349. cis-trans isomerism 顺反异构350. inductive effect 诱导效应 t351. Fehling’s reagent 费林试剂352. phase transfer catalysis 相转移催化作用353. aliphatic compound 脂肪族化合物354. elimination reaction 消除反应355. Grignard reagent 格利雅试剂356. nuclear magnetic resonance 核磁共振357. alkene 烯烃358. allyl cation 烯丙基正离子359. leaving group 离去基团360. optical activity 旋光性361. boat confomation 船型构象362. silver mirror reaction 银镜反应363. Fischer projection 菲舍尔投影式364. Kekule structure 凯库勒结构式365. Friedel-Crafts reaction 傅列德尔-克拉夫茨反应366. Ketone 酮367. carboxylic acid 羧酸368. carboxylic acid derivative 羧酸衍生物369. hydroboration 硼氢化反应370. bond oength 键长371. bond energy 键能372. bond angle 键角373. carbohydrate 碳水化合物374. carbocation 碳正离子375. carbanion 碳负离子376. alcohol 醇377. Gofmann rule 霍夫曼规则378. Aldehyde 醛379. Ether 醚380. Polymer 聚合物。
常用物理英语词汇(全)
常用物理英语词汇(全)力学（Mechanics）1. Force（力）2. Acceleration（加速度）3. Momentum（动量）4. Kinetic Energy（动能）5. Potential Energy（势能）6. Gravity（重力）7. Friction（摩擦力）8. Torque（扭矩）9. Angular Momentum（角动量）10. Work（功）热学（Thermodynamics）11. Temperature（温度）12. Heat（热量）13. Internal Energy（内能）14. Entropy（熵）15. Boyle's Law（波义耳定律）16. Charles's Law（查理定律）17. GayLussac's Law（盖吕萨克定律）18. Ideal Gas Law（理想气体定律）19. First Law of Thermodynamics（热力学第一定律）20. Second Law of Thermodynamics（热力学第二定律）电磁学（Electromagnetism）21. Electric Charge（电荷）22. Electric Field（电场）23. Magnetic Field（磁场）24. Current（电流）25. Voltage（电压）26. Resistance（电阻）27. Capacitance（电容）28. Inductance（电感）29. Ohm's Law（欧姆定律）30. Ampère's Law（安培定律）光学（Optics）31. Light（光）32. Refraction（折射）33. Reflection（反射）34. Diffraction（衍射）35. Interference（干涉）36. Polarization（偏振）37. Lens（透镜）38. Prism（棱镜）39. Spectrum（光谱）40. Wave Optics（波动光学）现代物理（Modern Physics）41. Quantum Mechanics（量子力学）42. Relativity（相对论）43. Photon（光子）44. Electron（电子）45. Proton（质子）46. Neutron（中子）47. Quark（夸克）48. Black Hole（黑洞）49. Higgs Boson（希格斯玻色子）50. String Theory（弦理论）这些词汇仅为物理学中常用术语的一小部分。
(完整版)《物理专业英语》.doc
新《物理专业英语》范围单词篇1 、加速度 acceleration2 、速度velocity3 、角速度 angular velocity4 、角动量angular momentum5、热量 amount of heat6、热力学第一定律 the first law of thermodynamics7、干涉 interference8、反射 reflection9、折射 refraction10、振幅 amplitude11、机械运动 mechanical motion12、保守场 conservative field13 、向心力 centripetal force14、保守力 conservative force15、摩擦力 friction force16 、面积 area17 、体积 volume18、阿伏加德罗常数Avogadro constant19 、绝对零度absolute zero20 、电势能 energy of position21、重力势能gravitational potential energy22、重力场 the field of gravity force23、真空中的磁场 magnetic field in a vacuum24、电磁波 electromagnetic wave25 、电流的相互作用interaction of current1 、（第 3 页）第四段的第 3 句A typical problem of mechanics consists in determining the states of a system at all the following moments of time t when we know the state of the system at a certain initial moment to and also the law governing the motion.翻译：机械运动的一个典型的问题的构成取决于一个系统在接下来的时间间隔t 的状态，（因此）当我们知道了一个确切的最初的系统状态时，也可以知道运动的规律。
工程热力学英语ppt
状态参数
( Q W ) ( Q W )
1a 2 1b 2
内能及闭口系热一律表达式
定义 dU = Q+W
闭口系热一律表达式
！！！两种特例 绝功系 Q = dU 绝热系 W = - dU
heat transfer to a system and work done by a system are positive; heat transfer from a system and work done on a system are negative. Heat is transferred by three mechanisms: conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the transfer of energy from the more energetic particles of a substance to the adjacent less energetic ones as a result of interaction between particles. Convection is the transfer of energy between a solid surface and the adjacent fluid that is in motion, and it involves the combined effects of conduction and fluid motion. Radiation is the transfer of energy due to the emission of electromagnetic waves (or photons). An overview of the three mechanisms of heat transfer is given at the end of this chapter as a Topic of Special Interest.
科学与技术英语词汇大全
科学与技术英语词汇大全科学和技术是现代社会中不可或缺的组成部分。
无论是在学术研究、工程设计还是日常生活中，科学和技术英语词汇都扮演着重要的角色。
本文旨在为读者提供一个关于科学和技术英语词汇的大全，以帮助读者更好地理解、应用和交流相关领域的知识。
一、物理学（Physics）1. Motion 运动- Velocity 速度- Acceleration 加速度- Force 力量- Friction 摩擦力- Gravity 重力2. Energy 能源- Kinetic Energy 动能- Potential Energy 势能- Conservation of Energy 能量守恒- Thermodynamics 热力学- Renewable Energy 可再生能源3. Electromagnetism 电磁学- Electric Field 电场- Magnetic Field 磁场- Current 电流- Voltage 电压- Resistance 电阻4. Optics 光学- Reflection 反射- Refraction 折射- Lens 透镜- Prism 棱镜- Photon 光子二、化学（Chemistry）1. Atoms and Elements 原子和元素 - Proton 质子- Neutron 中子- Electron 电子- Atomic Number 原子序数- Periodic Table 元素周期表2. Chemical Reactions 化学反应 - Reactants 反应物- Products 生成物- Catalyst 催化剂- Equilibrium 平衡- Acid 酸3. Bonding 结合- Covalent Bond 共价键- Ionic Bond 离子键- Metallic Bond 金属键- Molecule 分子- Polymer 聚合物4. Organic Chemistry 有机化学 - Hydrocarbon 碳氢化合物- Functional Group 功能团- Isomer 同分异构体- Carbohydrate 碳水化合物- Protein 蛋白质三、计算机科学（Computer Science）1. Programming 编程- Algorithm 算法- Variable 变量- Loop 循环- Function 函数- Object-oriented Programming 面向对象编程2. Data Structures 数据结构- Array 数组- LinkedList 链表- Stack 栈- Queue 队列- Tree 树3. Operating Systems 操作系统- Memory 内存- Process 进程- File System 文件系统- Multitasking 多任务处理 - Kernel 内核4. Networking 网络- TCP/IP 协议- Router 路由器- Firewall 防火墙- DNS 域名系统- Bandwidth 带宽四、生物学（Biology）1. Cell Biology 细胞生物学 - Cell Membrane 细胞膜 - Nucleus 细胞核- DNA 脱氧核糖核酸- Mitochondria 线粒体- Cell Division 细胞分裂2. Genetics 遗传学- Genotype 基因型- Phenotype 表型- Gene Mutation 基因突变- Heredity 遗传- Genetic Engineering 基因工程3. Evolution 进化- Natural Selection 自然选择- Adaptation 适应性- Species 物种- Fossil 化石- Variation 变异4. Ecology 生态学- Ecosystem 生态系统- Biodiversity 生物多样性- Food Chain 食物链- Habitat 栖息地- Conservation 保护五、工程学（Engineering）1. Mechanical Engineering 机械工程- Thermodynamics 热力学- Fluid Mechanics 流体力学- Solid Mechanics 固体力学- Robotics 机器人技术- Automotive Engineering 汽车工程2. Civil Engineering 土木工程- Structural Engineering 结构工程- Geotechnical Engineering 岩土工程 - Transportation Engineering 交通工程 - Environmental Engineering 环境工程 - Construction 施工3. Electrical Engineering 电气工程- Electric Circuit 电路- Power Generation 电力生成- Control Systems 控制系统- Electronics 电子学- Renewable Energy 可再生能源4. Aerospace Engineering 航空航天工程- Aerodynamics 空气动力学- Propulsion 推进- Satellite 卫星- Spacecraft 太空船- Astronautics 宇宙飞行学以上列举的仅是科学和技术领域中的一小部分词汇。
物理专业英语名词解释
part one mechanics力学chapter 1 kinematics—uniformly accelerated motion运动学，匀加速运动frame of reference: 参照系position vector and displacement 位置向量和位移speedvelocity 速度instantaneous velocity瞬时速度velocity components速度分量acceleration 加速度graphical interpretation图像释义uniformly accelerated motion along a straight line 匀加速直线运动acceleration due to gravity (g) 重力加速度projectile problems落体问题relative motion相对运动chapter 2 dynamics-- newton's laws of motion动力学- 牛顿运动定律general properties of forces in mechanics:力的基本性质1 the law of universal gravitation万有引力定律2the weight 重量3 the tensile force 拉力4 the normal force 法向力5 the friction force 摩擦力6 dimensional analysis三维分析chapter 3 equilibrium平衡concurrent forces共点力are forces whose lines of action all pass through a common point. the forces acting on a point object are concurrent because they all pass through the same point, the point object.equilibrium 平衡rigid body刚体the torque (or moment) 转矩或力矩the two conditions for equilibrium 平衡的两个条件the center of gravity 重心axis轴chapter 4 work and energy功和能kinetic energy (ke) 动能conservative force保守力⑵gravitational (weight) potential energy (peg) 重力（重量）势能⑵elastic potential energy 弹性势能the efficiency 效率chapter 5 impulse and momentumthe linear momentum 冲量与动量an impulse 冲量collisions and explosions碰撞和爆炸a perfectly elastic collision 完全弹性碰撞coefficient of restitution恢复系数the center of mass重心chapter 6 rotation转动the angular speed 角速度the angular acceleration 角加速度tangential 【数】切线;正切centripetal acceleration ( )加速度the centripetal force 向心力chapter 7 rigid-body rotation刚体转动the moment of inertia 转动惯量parallel-axis theorem平行轴定理chapter 8 elasticity弹性elasticity弹性;弹力the stress 【物】应力[u][c]strain 应变the elastic limit弹性极限the shear modulus 切变模量standard atmospheric pressure标准大气压the hydrostatic pressure静水压力equation of continuity连续性方程the viscosity 粘度spring弹簧a restoring force 恢复力simple harmonic motion 简谐运动vibratory motion 振动运动the period ( ) 【数】循环节;周期the frequency ( ) 频率the elastic potential energy 弹性势能the simple pendulum 单摆chapter 11 wave motion波动a propagating wave 波传播wave terminology波术语in-phase vibrations同相振动standing waves驻波conditions for resonance共振的条件longitudinal (compressional) waves 纵向（挤压）波chapter 12 sound声音the intensey （i）强度loudness 响度beats节拍doppler effect 多普勒效应interference effects 干扰效应part two thermodynamics热力学chapter 1 the kinetic theory of gases第1章气体动力学理论avogadro's number ( ) 阿伏伽德罗数（）the root mean square speed根均方速度the absolute temperature绝对温度the mean free path (m.f.p.) 平均自由程（m.f.p.）the equipartition theorem of energy 能量均分定理ideal gas law理想气体定律heat 热the internal energy 内部能量an isobaric process is a process carried out at constant pressure. 等压过程是恒压进行的过程。
热动专业英语词典
critical pressure=临界压力
crossflow=交叉流，横向冲刷
crude oil=原油
culm=煤屑
cycle efficiency=循环效率
cyclone furnace=旋风炉
debris=有机残余物，残骸
decane=葵烷
decay=分解
induced draft fan=引风机
industrial steam generator（boiler）=工业锅炉
inert=惰性
inferior=低级的，劣质的
ingredients=成分
ingress=进入，入口
in-line=顺列
in-line arrangement=顺列布置
inorganic=无机的
ion=离子
jurisdiction=权限
lattice=晶格结构
lb/h=磅/小时
lbf/in2=英制压力单位，磅/平方英寸
leakage air=漏风
lean gas=贫气
lignite=褐煤
liquefaction=液化
locally expensive fuels=当地廉价燃料
bituminous=烟煤
blade=叶片
blast furnace=高炉
blowdown=排污
boiler=锅炉
bottom water seal=炉底水封
Btu/h=英热单位/小时
bulk=大块的
burner=燃烧器
burner zone=燃烧器区域
butane=丁烷
capacity=出力，功率
制冷与空调专业英语词汇
制冷与空调专业英语词汇初级词汇环境surroundings热库hot source热源heat source冷源heat sink , cold source焓enthalpy熵entropy功work热量heat能量守恒energy conservation 理想气体idea gas真实气体actual gas沸点boiling point凝结condensation沸腾boiling池内沸腾pool boiling膜态沸腾film boiling相变change of phase压缩compression膨胀expansion节流throttling潜热latent heat显热sensible heat制冷refrigeration氟利昂11 freon 11氟利昂12 freon 12氟利昂13 freon 13氟利昂14 freon 14氟利昂22 freon 22制冷剂refrigerant氨ammonia二氧化碳carbon dioxide二氧化硫sculpture dioxide甲烷methane乙烷ethane丙烷propane乙烯ethylene稳态Steady state非稳态unsteady state传热学heat transfer传热heat transmission 换热heat exchange热流heat flow吸收率absorptive反射率reflectivity熔化fusion熔点melting point升华sublimation三相点triple point临界状态critical state临界温度critical temperature临界压力critical pressure凝固solidification凝固点solidification point沸点boiling point凝结condensation摄氏温度centigrade scale放气管air bleeder散气式通风air blow aeration鼓风机air blower吹气,空气吹污air blowing吹气管air blowpipe压缩空气瓶air bottle空气室air box空气制动器air brake排气孔air bleed hole空气室air barrel湿蒸气wet vapor过热superheat过热蒸气superheated vapor过热度degree of superheat过冷sub cooling过冷液体sub cooled liquid气-液混合物liquid-vapor mixture 干度quality冷凝点condensation point冷凝液condensate共沸混合物isentropic mixture共沸性zoetrope共沸点isentropic point辐射radiation核态沸腾nucleate boiling对流沸腾convective boiling膜状凝结film condensation珠状凝结drop condensation饱和状态saturation state饱和温度saturation temperature饱和压力saturation pressure饱和液体saturation liquid饱和蒸气saturation vapor饱和蒸气压saturated vapor pressure 过饱和supersaturating过饱和蒸气supersaturated vapor热力过程thermodynamic process等温过程isothermal process等压过程isobaric process等容过程isochoric process绝热过程adiabatic process绝热指数adiabatic exponent多变过程polytrophic process多变指数polytrophic exponent等焓过程isenthalpic process等熵过程isentropic process可压缩性compressibility热流量heat flow rate热流密度density of heat flow rate温度场temperature field导热heat conduction导热系数thermal conductivity热扩散系数thermal diffusivity对流换热convective heat transfer自然对流free convection强制对流forced convection等焓膨胀isenthalpic expansion热阻thermal resistance接触热阻thermal contact resistance 热滞后thermal lag传质mass transfer分子扩散molecule diffusion对流扩散convective diffusion绝热膨胀adiabatic expansion多变膨胀polytropic expansion节流膨胀throttling expansion 等焓节流isenthalpic throttling热力循环thermodynamic cycle工质working substance热机循环engine cycle制冷循环refrigeration cycle可逆循环reverse cycle卡诺循环Carnot cycle逆卡诺循环reverse Carnot cycle朗肯循环Rankine cycle斯特林循环Stirling cycle空气制冷循环air refrigeration池内沸腾pool boiling膜态沸腾film boiling核态沸腾nucleate boiling对流沸腾convective boiling膜状凝结film condensation珠状凝结drop condensation绝热压缩adiabatic compression多变压缩polytropic compression压缩指数compression exponent冰熔当量ice melting equivalent理论功率idea power指示功率indicated power指示效率indicated efficiency轴功率shaft horse power机械效率mechanical efficiency总效率Overall efficiency制冷系数coefficient of performance 空调负荷air conditioning load气流组织air distribution气流组织air distribution空气处理单元air handling unit风淋室air shower制冷工程refrigeration engineering 制冷工作者refrigerationist制冷工程师refrigeration engineer 制冷技术员refrigeration technician 制冷技工refrigeration mechanic 辐射换热radiation heat transfer对流放热系数the convective coefficient of heat transfer热力学thermodynamics统计热力学statistical thermodynamic 热力学系统thermodynamic system 孤立系isolated system热力学平衡状态thermodynamicequilibrium state 制冷剂循环量circulating mass ofrefrigerant可逆过程reversible process不可逆过程irreversible process热力学第一定律first law ofthermodynamics热力学第二定律Second law ofthermodynamics热力学第三定律third law ofthermodynamics零定律zero principle内能internal energy理想气体状态方程idea gas stateequation理想气体常数perfect gas constant 压缩性系数coefficient ofcompressibility压力-比容图pressure and specificvolume diagram温度-熵图temperature - entropydiagram双级压缩制冷循环two-stage compression refrigeration cycle氨双级压缩制冷循环ammoniatwo-stage compression refrigeration cycle氟利昂双级压缩制冷循环freontwo-stage compression refrigeration cycle覆叠式制冷循环cascade refrigeration 辐射换热系数radiation heat transfer coefficient传热系数the coefficient of heat transfer 平壁传热heat transfer through a plate 圆管传热heat transfer through a tube 肋壁传热heat transfer through a fin wall吸收式制冷循环absorption refrigeration cycle蒸气压缩制冷循环vapor compression refrigeration cycle液态制冷剂过冷循环liquid refrigerat subcooled cycle蒸气过热循环vapor supor superheated cycle混合制冷剂制冷循环mixture cycle焦耳－汤姆逊效应Joule Thomson effect焦耳－汤姆逊系数Joule Thomson coefficient蒸气喷射制冷循环vapor jet refrigeration cycle制冷剂循环容积circulating volume of refrigerant单位压缩功compress work per mass 热力完善度thermodynamic perfect degree制冷安装技工refirgeration installation mechanic制冷维修技工refrigeration serviceman 单位轴功率制冷量refrigreation effect per shaft horse-power运转工况下的制冷量rating under working conditions产冷量refrigerating capacity制冷量refrigerating effect单位制冷量refrigerating capacity per weighing单位容积制冷量refrigerating capacity per unit of swept volume容积效率V olumetric efficiency冷凝热量condenser heat过冷热量heat of subcooling标准制冷量Standard rating直接回水系统direct return system。
物理学专业英语词汇
物理学专业英语词汇摘要：物理学是一门研究自然界最基本的规律和现象的科学，它涉及到许多专业的英语词汇，对于物理学专业的学习者来说，掌握这些词汇是非常重要的。
本文根据物理学的不同分支，整理了一些常用的物理学专业英语词汇，并用表格的形式给出了中文和英文的对照，以便于读者查阅和记忆。
本文旨在为物理学专业的学习者提供一个参考资料，帮助他们提高英语水平和物理知识。
1. 基础物理 Basic Physics中文英文物理量physical quantity物理单位physical unit标准单位standard unit国际单位制International System of Units (SI)基本量base quantity导出量derived quantity标量scalar矢量vector位移displacement速度velocity加速度acceleration力force动量momentum动能kinetic energy势能potential energy能量守恒conservation of energy功work功率power压强pressure浮力buoyancy摩擦力friction force弹力elastic force重力gravity force引力常数gravitational constant圆周运动circular motion向心力centripetal force简谐振动simple harmonic motion振幅amplitude频率frequency周期period2. 热学 Thermodynamics中文英文温度temperature热力学温标thermodynamic temperature scale 开尔文温标Kelvin temperature scale摄氏温标Celsius temperature scale华氏温标Fahrenheit temperature scale热平衡thermal equilibrium热力学第零定律zeroth law of thermodynamics热量heat热容量heat capacity比热容specific heat capacity理想气体定律ideal gas law普适气体常数universal gas constant3. 光学 Optics中文英文光light光源light source光线light ray光束light beam光波light wave波长wavelength频率frequency振幅amplitude相位phase干涉interference衍射diffraction偏振polarization光速speed of light折射率refractive index折射定律law of refraction反射定律law of reflection全反射total reflection透镜lens镜头lens焦距focal length焦点focus物镜objective lens可见光visible light紫外光ultraviolet light红外光infrared light4. 电学 Electricity中文英文电荷electric charge电流electric current电压electric voltage电阻electric resistance电阻率resistivity电容electric capacitance电容率permittivity5. 原子物理 Atomic Physics中文英文原子atom原子核atomic nucleus原子序数atomic number原子量atomic mass原子半径atomic radius原子轨道atomic orbit电子electron质子proton中子neutron电子云electron cloud电子壳层electron shell价电子valence electron离子ion同位素isotope同素异形体allotrope核裂变nuclear fission核聚变nuclear fusion核反应堆nuclear reactor核武器nuclear weapon6. 量子物理 Quantum Physics中文英文量子quantum量子力学quantum mechanics量子场论quantum field theory量子数quantum number量子态quantum state量子纠缠quantum entanglement量子隧穿quantum tunneling测不准原理uncertainty principle薛定谔方程Schrödinger equation海森堡矩阵力学Heisenberg matrix mechanics 7. 固体物理 Solid State Physics中文英文固体solid晶体crystal晶格lattice晶胞unit cell晶面指数Miller index点阵常数lattice constant点缺陷point defect线缺陷line defect8. 电磁学 Electromagnetism中文英文电荷electric charge电流electric current电场electric field电势electric potential电压electric voltage电阻electric resistance电阻率resistivity电容electric capacitance电容率permittivity电感electric inductance电磁感应electromagnetic induction电磁波electromagnetic wave磁场magnetic field磁通量magnetic flux磁感应强度magnetic induction intensity磁化率magnetic susceptibility磁导率magnetic permeability9. 光子学 Photonics中文英文光子photon光源light source光纤optical fiber光波导optical waveguide光谱spectrum光谱仪spectrometer激光器laser半导体激光器semiconductor laser激光二极管laser diode发光二极管light-emitting diode (LED)光探测器photodetector光电倍增管photomultiplier tube (PMT) 10. 流体力学 Fluid Mechanics中文英文流体fluid气体gas液体liquid粘性viscosity粘滞力viscous force流速flow velocity流量flow rate流线streamline管流pipe flow层流laminar flow湍流turbulent flow雷诺数Reynolds number伯努利方程Bernoulli's equation压力差pressure difference水头head水锤现象water hammer11. 波动光学 Wave Optics中文英文光波light wave波前wavefront光程差optical path difference干涉条纹interference fringe干涉仪interferometer杨氏双缝实验Young's double-slit experiment 迈克尔逊干涉仪Michelson interferometer法布里-珀罗干涉仪Fabry-Perot interferometer衍射现象diffraction phenomenon衍射级数diffraction order中文英文衍射极限diffraction limit单缝衍射single-slit diffraction双缝衍射double-slit diffraction12. 相对论 Relativity中文英文相对论relativity狭义相对论special relativity广义相对论general relativity惯性系inertial frame参考系reference frame洛伦兹变换Lorentz transformation洛伦兹收缩Lorentz contraction时间膨胀time dilation质能方程mass-energy equation光速不变原理principle of constancy of light speed 相对性原理principle of relativity引力场gravitational field引力波gravitational wave弯曲的时空curved spacetime13. 核物理 Nuclear Physics中文英文核物理nuclear physics原子核atomic nucleus核子nucleon质子proton中子neutron核力nuclear force核结合能nuclear binding energy核裂变nuclear fission核聚变nuclear fusion放射性元素radioactive element放射性衰变radioactive decay半衰期half-lifeα衰变alpha decayβ衰变beta decay。
物理学英语词汇[整理版]
![物理学英语词汇[整理版]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/15fb3226a36925c52cc58bd63186bceb19e8edf1.png)
物理学英语词汇[整理版]一、基础物理学词汇1. 物理量（Physical quantity）：描述物体性质和状态的量，如长度、质量、时间等。
2. 力（Force）：作用于物体，使物体发生形变或改变运动状态的量。
3. 质量（Mass）：物体所含物质的多少，是物体惯性大小的量度。
4. 重力（Gravity）：地球对物体的吸引力，使物体受到向地心的作用力。
5. 速度（Velocity）：物体在单位时间内移动的距离，具有大小和方向。
6. 加速度（Acceleration）：物体速度变化的快慢，单位时间内速度的变化量。
7. 动能（Kinetic energy）：物体由于运动而具有的能量。
8. 势能（Potential energy）：物体由于位置关系而具有的能量。
9. 功（Work）：力在物体上产生位移时所做的功。
10. 功率（Power）：单位时间内完成的功，表示做功的快慢。
二、热学词汇1. 温度（Temperature）：表示物体冷热程度的物理量。
2. 热量（Heat）：物体间因温度差异而传递的能量。
3. 热传导（Thermal conduction）：热量在物体内部从高温部分向低温部分传递的过程。
4. 热膨胀（Thermal expansion）：物体受热时体积增大的现象。
5. 热容量（Heat capacity）：物体吸收或释放热量时，温度变化的能力。
6. 热力学（Thermodynamics）：研究热现象及其规律的物理学分支。
三、电磁学词汇1. 电荷（Electric charge）：物体带有的电性质，分为正电荷和负电荷。
2. 电流（Electric current）：电荷在单位时间内通过导体截面的量。
3. 电压（Voltage）：电场力在单位电荷上所做的功，表示电势差。
4. 电阻（Resistance）：导体对电流阻碍作用的大小。
5. 电容（Capacitance）：电容器存储电荷的能力。
6. 电感（Inductance）：线圈产生磁场的能力。
物理专业名词英语词汇
物理专业名词英语词汇物理专业名词英语词汇大全导语：物理学是研究物质运动最一般规律和物质基本结构的学科。
下面是YJBYS店铺收集整理的有关物理的英语词汇，希望对你有帮助!界面 interfaces界面张力 surface tension浸湿 immersion wetting浸湿功 immersion wetting work精馏 rectify聚(合)电解质polyelectrolyte聚沉 coagulation聚沉值 coagulation value绝对反应速率理论 absolute reaction rate theory振动特征温度 characteristic temperature of vibration蒸气压下降 depression of vapor pressure正常沸点 normal point正吸附 positive adsorption支链反应 branched chain reactions直链反应 straight chain reactions指前因子 pre-exponential factor质量作用定律mass action law制冷系数coefficient of refrigeration中和热heat of neutralization阿伏加德罗常数 Avogadro'number阿伏加德罗定律 Avogadro law阿累尼乌斯电离理论Arrhenius ionization theory阿累尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation阿累尼乌斯活化能 Arrhenius activation energy阿马格定律 Amagat law艾林方程 Erying equation爱因斯坦光化当量定律Einstein's law of photochemical equivalence爱因斯坦-斯托克斯方程 Einstein-Stokes equation安托万常数 Antoine constant安托万方程 Antoine equation盎萨格电导理论Onsager's theory of conductance半电池half cell半衰期half time period饱和液体 saturated liquids饱和蒸气 saturated vapor饱和吸附量 saturated extent of adsorption饱和蒸气压 saturated vapor pressure爆炸界限 explosion limits比表面功 specific surface work比表面吉布斯函数 specific surface Gibbs function比浓粘度 reduced viscosity标准电动势 standard electromotive force标准电极电势 standard electrode potential标准摩尔反应焓 standard molar reaction enthalpy标准摩尔反应吉布斯函数 standard Gibbs function of molar reaction标准摩尔反应熵 standard molar reaction entropy标准摩尔焓函数 standard molar enthalpy function标准摩尔吉布斯自由能函数standard molar Gibbs free energy function标准摩尔燃烧焓 standard molar combustion enthalpy标准摩尔熵 standard molar entropy标准摩尔生成焓 standard molar formation enthalpy标准摩尔生成吉布斯函数standard molar formation Gibbsfunction标准平衡常数 standard equilibrium constant标准氢电极 standard hydrogen electrode标准态 standard state标准熵 standard entropy标准压力 standard pressure标准状况 standard condition表观活化能apparent activation energy表观摩尔质量 apparent molecular weight表观迁移数apparent transference number表面 surfaces表面过程控制 surface process control表面活性剂surfactants表面吸附量 surface excess表面张力 surface tension表面质量作用定律 surface mass action law波义尔定律 Boyle law波义尔温度 Boyle temperature波义尔点 Boyle point玻尔兹曼常数 Boltzmann constant玻尔兹曼分布 Boltzmann distribution玻尔兹曼公式 Boltzmann formula玻尔兹曼熵定理 Boltzmann entropy theorem玻色-爱因斯坦统计Bose-Einstein statistics泊Poise不可逆过程 irreversible process不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes 不可逆相变化 irreversible phase change布朗运动 brownian movement查理定律 Charle's law产率 yield敞开系统 open system超电势 over potential沉降 sedimentation沉降电势 sedimentation potential沉降平衡 sedimentation equilibrium触变 thixotropy粗分散系统 thick disperse system催化剂 catalyst单分子层吸附理论 mono molecule layer adsorption单分子反应 unimolecular reaction单链反应 straight chain reactions弹式量热计 bomb calorimeter道尔顿定律 Dalton law道尔顿分压定律 Dalton partial pressure law德拜和法尔肯哈根效应Debye and Falkenhagen effect 德拜立方公式 Debye cubic formula德拜-休克尔极限公式 Debye-Huckel's limiting equation 等焓过程 isenthalpic process等焓线isenthalpic line等几率定理 theorem of equal probability等温等容位Helmholtz free energy等温等压位Gibbs free energy等温方程 equation at constant temperature低共熔点 eutectic point低共熔混合物 eutectic mixture低会溶点 lower consolute point低熔冰盐合晶 cryohydric第二类永动机 perpetual machine of the second kind 第三定律熵 third-law entropy第一类永动机 perpetual machine of the first kind缔合化学吸附 association chemical adsorption电池常数 cell constant电池电动势 electromotive force of cells电池反应 cell reaction电导 conductance电导率 conductivity电动势的温度系数 temperature coefficient of electromotive force电动电势 zeta potential电功electric work电化学 electrochemistry电化学极化 electrochemical polarization电极电势 electrode potential电极反应 reactions on the electrode电极种类 type of electrodes电解池 electrolytic cell电量计 coulometer电流效率current efficiency电迁移 electro migration电迁移率 electromobility电渗 electroosmosis电渗析 electrodialysis电泳 electrophoresis丁达尔效应 Dyndall effect定容摩尔热容 molar heat capacity under constant volume 定容温度计 Constant voIume thermometer定压摩尔热容 molar heat capacity under constant pressure 定压温度计 constant pressure thermometer定域子系统 localized particle system动力学方程kinetic equations动力学控制 kinetics control独立子系统 independent particle system对比摩尔体积 reduced mole volume对比体积 reduced volume对比温度 reduced temperature对比压力 reduced pressure对称数 symmetry number对行反应reversible reactions对应状态原理 principle of corresponding state多方过程polytropic process多分子层吸附理论adsorption theory of multi-molecular layers二级反应second order reaction二级相变second order phase change法拉第常数 faraday constant法拉第定律 Faraday's law反电动势back E.M.F.反渗透 reverse osmosis反应分子数 molecularity反应级数 reaction orders反应进度 extent of reaction反应热heat of reaction反应速率rate of reaction反应速率常数 constant of reaction rate范德华常数 van der Waals constant范德华方程 van der Waals equation范德华力 van der Waals force范德华气体 van der Waals gases范特霍夫方程 van't Hoff equation范特霍夫规则 van't Hoff rule范特霍夫渗透压公式 van't Hoff equation of osmotic pressure 非基元反应 non-elementary reactions非体积功 non-volume work非依时计量学反应time independent stoichiometric reactions菲克扩散第一定律 Fick's first law of diffusion沸点 boiling point沸点升高 elevation of boiling point费米-狄拉克统计Fermi-Dirac statistics分布 distribution分布数 distribution numbers分解电压 decomposition voltage分配定律 distribution law分散系统 disperse system分散相 dispersion phase分体积 partial volume分体积定律 partial volume law分压 partial pressure分压定律 partial pressure law分子反应力学 mechanics of molecular reactions分子间力 intermolecular force分子蒸馏molecular distillation封闭系统 closed system附加压力 excess pressure弗罗因德利希吸附经验式Freundlich empirical formula of adsorption负极 negative pole负吸附 negative adsorption复合反应composite reaction盖·吕萨克定律 Gay-Lussac law盖斯定律 Hess law甘汞电极 calomel electrode感胶离子序 lyotropic series杠杆规则 lever rule高分子溶液 macromolecular solution高会溶点 upper consolute point隔离法the isolation method格罗塞斯-德雷珀定律 Grotthus-Draoer's law隔离系统 isolated system根均方速率 root-mean-square speed功 work功函work content共轭溶液 conjugate solution共沸温度 azeotropic temperature构型熵configurational entropy孤立系统 isolated system固溶胶 solid sol固态混合物 solid solution固相线 solid phase line光反应 photoreaction光化学第二定律 the second law of actinochemistry 光化学第一定律 the first law of actinochemistry光敏反应 photosensitized reactions光谱熵 spectrum entropy广度性质 extensive property广延量 extensive quantity广延性质 extensive property规定熵 stipulated entropy过饱和溶液 oversaturated solution过饱和蒸气 oversaturated vapor过程 process过渡状态理论 transition state theory过冷水 super-cooled water过冷液体 overcooled liquid过热液体 overheated liquid亥姆霍兹函数 Helmholtz function亥姆霍兹函数判据 Helmholtz function criterion亥姆霍兹自由能 Helmholtz free energy亥氏函数 Helmholtz function焓 enthalpy亨利常数 Henry constant亨利定律 Henry law恒沸混合物 constant boiling mixture恒容摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant volume恒容热 heat at constant volume恒外压 constant external pressure恒压摩尔热容 molar heat capacity at constant pressure恒压热 heat at constant pressure化学动力学chemical kinetics化学反应计量式stoichiometric equation of chemical reaction化学反应计量系数stoichiometric coefficient of chemical reaction化学反应进度 extent of chemical reaction化学亲合势 chemical affinity化学热力学chemical thermodynamics化学势 chemical potential化学势判据 chemical potential criterion化学吸附 chemisorptions环境 environment环境熵变 entropy change in environment挥发度volatility混合熵 entropy of mixing混合物 mixture活度 activity活化控制 activation control活化络合物理论 activated complex theory活化能activation energy霍根-华森图 Hougen-Watson Chart基态能级 energy level at ground state基希霍夫公式 Kirchhoff formula基元反应elementary reactions积分溶解热 integration heat of dissolution吉布斯-杜亥姆方程 Gibbs-Duhem equation吉布斯-亥姆霍兹方程 Gibbs-Helmhotz equation 吉布斯函数 Gibbs function吉布斯函数判据 Gibbs function criterion吉布斯吸附公式Gibbs adsorption formula吉布斯自由能 Gibbs free energy吉氏函数 Gibbs function极化电极电势 polarization potential of electrode 极化曲线 polarization curves极化作用 polarization极限摩尔电导率 limiting molar conductivity几率因子 steric factor计量式 stoichiometric equation计量系数 stoichiometric coefficient价数规则 rule of valence简并度 degeneracy键焓bond enthalpy胶冻 broth jelly胶核 colloidal nucleus胶凝作用 demulsification胶束micelle胶体 colloid胶体分散系统 dispersion system of colloid胶体化学 collochemistry胶体粒子 colloidal particles胶团 micelle焦耳Joule焦耳-汤姆生实验 Joule-Thomson experiment焦耳-汤姆生系数 Joule-Thomson coefficient焦耳-汤姆生效应 Joule-Thomson effect焦耳定律 Joule`s law接触电势contact potential接触角 contact angle节流过程 throttling process节流膨胀 throttling expansion节流膨胀系数 coefficient of throttling expansion 结线 tie line结晶热heat of crystallization解离化学吸附 dissociation chemical adsorption 绝对熵 absolute entropy绝对温标absolute temperature scale绝热过程 adiabatic process绝热量热计adiabatic calorimeter绝热指数 adiabatic index卡诺定理 Carnot theorem下载文档。
thermo单词
thermo单词
"Thermo" 是一个源自希腊语的英语单词，有多种含义和用法，常见的意思包括以下几种：
1. 在物理学中，"thermo" 是"thermodynamics"（热力学）的缩写。
热力学是研究热能和机械能相互转化的学科，它涉及到能量、热量、温度、熵等概念。
热力学的研究对于理解热力学系统的行为、能量转换的效率以及热能的利用非常重要。
2. "Thermo" 也可以表示与热或温度相关的事物。
例如，"thermal"（热的）一词常用来描述与热现象、热量传递或温度变化有关的情况。
在工程、化学、材料科学等领域中，经常会涉及到热性质、热管理和热传递等问题。
3. 除了上述常见的含义外，"thermo" 还可能在特定的上下文中有其他特定的意义。
例如，它可能是某个品牌、产品或公司的名称的一部分。
Thermo Fisher Scientific 是一家全球性的生命科学和分析仪器公司，提供各种实验室设备、试剂和服务。
总之，"thermo" 这个单词的具体含义取决于它所出现的上下文和使用场景。
在科学和工程领域中，它通常与热力学和热现象相关；而在其他领域，它可能指代特定的产品、品牌或概念。
需要注意的是，以上内容是基于常见的用法和解释，具体含义还可能因领域、行业或特定语境而有所不同。
如果你能提供更多关于"thermo" 的背景信息，我可以更准确地解释它在特定情境下的含义。
工程热力学知识点英语总结
工程热力学知识点英语总结1. Laws of Thermodynamics:The laws of thermodynamics are the foundation of engineering thermodynamics. There are four laws of thermodynamics, but the first and second laws are the most important for engineering applications.The first law of thermodynamics states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This law is the basis for the conservation of energy principle. In other words, the total energy of a closed system remains constant.The second law of thermodynamics introduces the concept of entropy, which is a measure of the amount of energy in a system that is not available to do work. This law also states that the entropy of a closed system can never decrease.2. Properties of Pure Substances:In engineering thermodynamics, it is important to understand the thermodynamic properties of pure substances, such as water, steam, and refrigerants. These properties include temperature, pressure, specific volume, and internal energy. The most important property of a substance is its phase, which can be solid, liquid, or vapor.The behavior of pure substances is typically described using thermodynamic diagrams, such as the T-v (temperature-specific volume) and P-v (pressure-specific volume) diagrams. These diagrams provide a visual representation of the thermodynamic properties of a substance and are used to analyze processes such as phase changes, compression, and expansion.3. Power Cycles:Power cycles are used to convert thermal energy into mechanical work. The most common power cycles include the Carnot, Rankine, and Brayton cycles. These cycles are used in various applications, such as steam power plants, gas turbines, and refrigeration systems.The efficiency of a power cycle is an important parameter, as it determines the amount of useful work that can be obtained from a given amount of thermal energy input. The efficiency of a power cycle can be improved by increasing the temperature at which heat is added and reducing the temperature at which heat is rejected.4. Refrigeration Cycles:Refrigeration cycles are used to transfer heat from a lower temperature region to a higher temperature region. The most common refrigeration cycle is the vapor compression cycle, which is used in air conditioning and refrigeration systems.Refrigeration cycles are characterized by their coefficient of performance (COP), which is a measure of the amount of cooling produced per unit of work input. The COP of a refrigeration cycle can be improved by increasing the temperature at which heat is rejected and reducing the temperature at which heat is absorbed.5. Psychrometrics:Psychrometrics is the study of the thermodynamic properties of moist air. It is important in the design of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, as well as in the design of industrial processes that involve the handling of air and water vapor.The key properties of moist air include temperature, humidity, and enthalpy. Psychrometric charts are used to visualize the thermodynamic properties of moist air and to analyze processes such as heating, cooling, and dehumidification.6. Combustion:Combustion is the chemical process of burning a fuel to release heat. It is an important process in many engineering applications, such as power generation, heating, and propulsion. The efficiency of combustion processes is determined by factors such as the fuel-air ratio, combustion temperature, and combustion completeness.The analysis of combustion processes involves the calculation of properties such as the adiabatic flame temperature, the products of combustion, and the heat release rate. This analysis is important in the design and optimization of combustion systems.In conclusion, engineering thermodynamics is a fundamental discipline for all engineers. It provides the theoretical foundation for the design, analysis, and optimization of energy systems. The key concepts and principles of engineering thermodynamics include the laws of thermodynamics, the properties of pure substances, power cycles, refrigeration cycles, psychrometrics, and combustion. Understanding these concepts is essential for the successful design and operation of engineering systems.。
工程热力学专业英语词汇
工程热力学专业英语词汇一些工程热力学的专业英语词汇Heat pump（热泵）Heat source（热源）Heat(enthalpy) of formation（生成热（生成焓））Heat（热）Helmholtz function（亥姆霍兹函数）Hess’law（赫斯定律）Humidity（湿度）Ideal gas equation of state（理想气体状态方程）Inequality of Clausius（克劳修斯不等式）Intensive quantity（强度量）Internal combustion engine（内燃机）Internal energy（热力学能（内能））Inversion curve（转变曲线）Inversion temperature（转回温度）Irreversible cycle（不可逆循环）Irreversible process（不可逆过程）Isentropic compressibility（绝热压缩系数）Isentropic process（定熵过程）Isobaric process（定压过程）Isolated system（孤立系）Isometric process（定容过程）Isothermal compressibility（定温压缩系数）Isothermal process（定温过程）Joule,J.P.（焦耳）Joule-Thomson effect（焦耳－汤普逊效应）Kelvin, L.（开尔文）Kinetic energy（动能）Kirchhoff’s law（基尔霍夫定律）Latent heat（潜热）Law of corresponding states（对应态定律）Law of partial volume（分体积定律）Le Chatelier’s princip le（吕－查德里原理）Local velocity of sound（当地声速）Lost of available energy（有效能耗散）Mach number（马赫数）Mass flow rate（质量流量）Maximum work from chemical reaction（反应最大功）Maxwell relations（麦克斯韦关系）Mayer’s formula（迈耶公式）Mechanical equilibrium（力平衡）Mixture of gases（混合气体）Moist air（湿空气）Moisture content（含湿量）Molar specific heat（摩尔热容）Nernst heat theorem（奈斯特热定理）Nozzle（喷管）One dimensional flow（一维流动）Open system（开口系）Otto cycle（奥托循环）Parameter of state（状态参数）Perfect gas（理想气体）Perfect gas（理想气体）Perpetual-motion engine of the second kind（第二类永动机）Perpetual-motion engine（永动机）Phase（相）Polytropic process（多变过程）Potential energy（位能）Power cycle（动力循环）Pressure（压力）Principle of increase of entropy（熵增原理）Process（过程）Psychrometric chart（湿空气焓－湿图）Pure substance（纯物质）Push work（推挤功）Quality of vapor-liquid mixture, Dryness（干度）Quantity of refrigeration（制冷量）Quasi-equilibrium process（准平衡过程）Quasi-static process（准静态过程）Rankine cycle（朗肯循环）Ratio of pressure of cycle（循环增压比）Real gas（实际气体）Reduced parameter（对比参数）Refrigerant（制冷剂）Refrigeration cycle（制冷循环）Refrigerator（制冷机）Regenerative cycle（回一些工程热力学的专业英语词汇热循环）Reheated cycle（再热循环）Relative humidity（相对湿度）Reversed Carnot cycle（逆卡诺循环）Reversed cycle（逆循环）Reversible cycle（可逆循环）Reversible process（可逆过程）Saturated air（饱和空气）Saturated vapor（饱和蒸汽）Saturated water（饱和水）Saturation pressure（饱和压力）Saturation temperature（饱和温度）Second law of thermodynamics（热力学第二定律）Simple compressible system（简单可压缩系）Sink（冷源）Specific heat at constant pressure（比定压热容）Specific heat at constant volume（比定容热容）Specific heat（比热容）Specific humidity（绝对湿度）Specific volume（比体积）Stagnation enthalpy（滞止焓）Standard atmosphere（标准大气压）Standard enthalpy of formation（标准生成焓）Standard state（标准状况）State postulate（状态公理）State（状态）Statistical thermodynamics（统计热力学）Steady flow（稳定流动）Steam（水蒸气）Subsonic（亚声速）Superheated steam（过热蒸汽）Supersonic（超声速）Technical work（技术功）Temperature scale（温度标尺）Temperature（温度）Theoretical flame temperature（理想燃烧温度）Thermal coefficient（热系数）Thermal efficiency（热效率）Thermal equilibrium（热平衡）Thermodynamic Probability（热力学概率）Thermodynamic system（热力学系统）Thermodynamic temperature scale（热力学温标）Thermodynamics（热力学）Third law of thermodynamics（热力学第三定律）Throttling（节流）Triple point（三相点）Unavailable energy（无效能）Universal gas constant（通用气体常数）Vacuum（真空度）Van der Waals’equation（范德瓦尔方程）Velocity of sound（声速）Virial equation of state（维里状态方程）Wet saturated steam（湿饱和蒸汽）Wet-Bulb temperature（湿球温度）Work（功）Working substance（工质）Zeroth law of thermodynamics（热力学第零定律）。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
热力学性能
1.Thermodynamic performances of hydrogen fueled ICE
氢内燃机的热力学性能分析
2.A Research on the Thermodynamic Characteristics of Sandwich Panel with Folded Core
皱褶夹芯板基本热力学性能研究
3.The Engineering Calculation Method of Aerothermodynamic Performance of High Temperature Air
高温空气气动热力学性能的工程计算方法
4.FINITE TIME THERMODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTIES OF A REGENERATED BRAYTON REFRIGERATION CYCLE
一类回热式布雷顿制冷循环的有限时间热力学性能
5.Analytical Expressions of the Finite-time Thermodynamic Performance for Irreversible Closed Brayton Power Cycle
不可逆闭式布雷顿循环有限时间热力学性能的解析公式
6.The Thermodynamic Performance Parameters of the Phase-transition CD Recording Dielectric Material in Sb-Se and Ge-Sb-Te System
Sb-Se、Ge-Sb-Te系相变光盘记录介质材料热力学性能参数
7.Finite-Time Thermodynamic Performance Characteristics of Isentropic Closed-Regenerated Brayton Heat Pump Cycles
具有等熵压缩、膨胀过程的回热式布雷顿热泵循环有限时间热力学性能
8.Quite a number of composite adhesives such as
RE/A,RS/RH,RS/A,RE/RH,RH were selected and the vulcanization characteristics,mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of the natural rubber (NR) with adhesives as well as those of the control were investigated.
研究了RE/A,RS/A,RS/RH,RE/RH,RH等粘合剂体系对天然橡胶硫化特性、物理机械性能、动态热力学性能的影响。
9.The finite time thermodynamic characteristics of an isentropic closed regenerated Brayton refrigerstion cycle with constant temperature heat reservoirs has been studied in the paper.
研究了恒温热源条件下具有等熵压缩、膨胀过程的闭式回热式布雷顿制冷循环的有限时间热力学性能。
10.This paper has studied the adsorption and thermody namics of clay adsorbents which adsorb lead ions in the solution The best conditions for treating adsorbents in 3 mol l sulfuric acid solution for four hours and heating for two hours at 200℃. The adsorption process was exothermic and conformed to langmuir isothermal line, △H=-609.6J/mol. the maxium adsorbance qm16.8mg/g.
本文报道了粘土吸附剂自溶液中吸附铅的吸附性能及热力学性能．该吸附剂吸附铅的最佳处理条件为：用3MH2SO4振荡处理4h，然后在200℃下培烧2h，该吸附为放热过程．饱和吸附量为16．8mg／g，符合Langmuir吸附等温线，其吸附热为－609．6J／mol．
传热学热力学常用词汇
沸腾换热boiling heat transfer
恢復温度recovery temperature
发散冷却transpiration cooling
黑度blackening
黑体和灰体blackbody and graybody
传热系数overall coefficient of heat transfer 热阻thermal resistance
热绝缘thermal insulation
热管heat pipe
热模拟thermal analog
凝结换热condensation heat transfer
烧蚀ablation
辐射角系数radiation shape factor
薄膜冷却film cooling
水蒸汽steam
卡诺循环Carnot cycle
狄塞尔循环Diesel cycle
勃朗登循环Brayton cycle
混合气体gas mixture
焓enthalpy
斯特林循环Stirling cycle
奥托循环Otto cycle
节流过程throttling process
制冷机循环refrigeration cycle
热力平衡thermodynamic equilibrium
热力系统thermodynamic system
热力学第一定律first law of thermodynamics 热力学第二定律second law of thermodynamics 热力学第三定律third law of thermodynamics 热力学第零定律zeroth law of thermodynamics 热系数thermal coefficient
熵entropy
临界状态critical state
兰金循环Rankin cycle。