2021学年高考英语完形填空语法填空专项练习附答案解析(5)

高考英语完形填空
语法填空模拟检测
(共3篇，限时35分钟)
A
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years __1__ (long) than non-runners. You don’t have to run fast or for long __2__ (see)
the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of __3__ (die) early by running.
While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it __4__ (be) more effective at lengthening life __5__ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 __6__ showed a mere
five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __7__ (cause)．
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise ... it’s probably running. To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises
to __8__ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always __9__ (energy). If you are time poor, you
need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __10__ a try.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了跑步给我们的健康带来的益处，号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动方式。

1．longer 考查副词的比较级。

由空格后的“than”可知应用比较级，故填long的比较级longer。

2．to see 考查非谓语动词。

此句意为“你不必跑得很快，也不必跑很长时间就见到
效果”，不定式短语“to see the benefit”作目的状语。

3．dying 考查非谓语动词。

reduce one’s risk of ... “降低某人……的风险”，
此处介词of后接动词时要用其动名词形式。

4．is 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

根据上下文语境可知这里应用一般现在时；又因
为主语it是第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词用is。

5．than 考查连词。

根据句中的比较级“more effective”并结合语境可知，这里是
把running与walking, cycling or swimming进行比较，故填than。

6．that/which 考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行
词“a study”，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词that/which。

7．causes 考查名词复数。

cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all
修饰，故填cause的复数形式。

8．strengthen 考查动词。

此处to为不定式符号，在句中作目的状语，故填strength
的动词形式strengthen。

9．energetic 考查形容词。

连系动词is后应接形容词作表语，故填energy的形容词
形式energetic。

10．running/it 考查名词或代词。

此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动，因此可以填
名词running，也可以用it指代。

give sth. a try“尝试某事”。

B
Diets have changed in China —and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country
__1__ (grow) more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over __2__ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent.
A taste for meat is __3__ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its
corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn’s rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice __4__ (improve)
water quality. Corn uses less water __5__ rice and creates less fertilizer (化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased __6__ (pollute) in the country’s major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.
According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total __7__ (globe) fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that
between 2005 —when the government __8__ (start) a soil-testing program __9__ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers —and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission (排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China’s approach to protecting its environment while __10__ (feed) its
citizens “offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide，”　says the bank’s Juergen Voegele.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。

中国近年来根据人们的膳食变化调整农作物种植结构，为全球生态环境保护做出了贡献。

1．has grown 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。

由时间状语“since 2011”可知句子用现
在完成时；主语“the country”是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用has grown。

2．the 考查冠词。

over th e past 25 years“在过去的25年里”。

3．actually 考查副词。

此处表示“对肉的需求实际上是这种变化的背后原因”。

修
饰谓语动词is应用副词形式actually。

4．to improve 考查非谓语动词。

此处表示“政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是水稻来改
善水质”，故用不定式作目的状语。

5．than 考查连词。

由句中的比较级less可知，此处将玉米和水稻的用水量进行比较，
故填than。

6．pollution 考查名词。

decrease“降低，减少”，后接名词作宾语，故填pollution。

7．global 考查形容词。

修饰名词短语“fertilizer consumption”应用形容词，故
填global。

8．started 考查动词的时态。

由时间状语“between 2005”可知事情发生在过去，应
用一般过去时，故填started。

9．that/which 考查定语从句。

分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行
词“a soil-testing program”，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。

10．feeding 考查非谓语动词。

此处表示“中国在养活中国人民的同时又保护了环境……”。

主语China与feed之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用“连词＋现在分词”形式
作状语。

C
I’m not sure __1__ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins
screaming at __2__ top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the __3__ (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid __4__ (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn’t feel __5__ (challenge)．My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a __6__(science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching __7__ these three western lowland gorillas I’d been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find __8__
(they) alive. True to a gorilla’s unaggressive nature, the huge animal __9__ (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I’m king of this forest, and here is your reminder！”　Once his message was delivered, he allowed me __10__ (stay) and watch. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

作者讲述了自己在中非共和国森林里偶遇一个大猩猩家庭以
及由此引发的彼此的反应和交流。

1．who 考查宾语从句。

句意：我不确定谁更害怕，是我还是那只不知从何处突然蹦出
来的雌性大猩猩。

根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，故填who。

2．the 考查冠词。

固定短语at the top of“在……的顶部”，此处表示以最大的肺
活量喊叫。

3．loudest 考查副词最高级。

由空前的the以及空后的“of all”可知要用副词的最高级。

4．looking 考查非谓语动词。

此处表示“我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战”。

avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。

avoid后面常接动名词作宾语。

5．challenged 考查形容词。

连系动词feel后要接形容词作表语。

challenged “受到挑战的”；challenging “困难的，富有挑战性的”。

由语境可知，应填challenged。

6．scientist 考查名词。

由空后的who可知，定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词，且
空前由a修饰，故填scientist“科学家”。

7．for 考查介词。

search for“寻找，搜寻”，为固定搭配。

8．them 考查代词。

分析句子结构可知，此处作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。

故填them。

9．meant 考查动词的时态。

由语境可知，此处事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时态。

10．to stay 考查非谓语动词。

allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，为固定
搭配。