高一英语知识点总结(下册)教学知识点归纳总结

高一英语知识点总结（下册）教学知识点归纳总结

·英语小窍门·

句型与句子结构(句型层次表)

第一层第二层例句

简单句主谓I am coming.

主谓宾I like cats.

主谓宾宾I bought you a book. I bought a book for you.

主谓宾补I seldom see him do morning exercises.

主谓表I am a teacher. He is very tall.

并列句主谓+ 主谓(and, or, but, for) I phoned him but there was no answer.

复合句主语从句名词性从句What he told me yesterday is true.

宾语从句I know that he is an American.

表语从句This is how he broke the door.

同位语从句His suggestion that we set off now has been accepted.

定语从句This is the room where he was born.

状语从句Before he came here, he had learnt Chinese for years.

·重点词汇解析·

1. stomach n. 肚子，胃，复数为stomachs。肚子疼：stomachache构成短语有：

have a pain in the stomach 胃(腹)疼

lie on one’s stomach 俯卧

have the stomach for…对……有兴趣

turn one’s stomach 使……恶心

on an empty/a full stomach 空着肚子/吃饱

2. bar n.

(1)条状物；棒

a bar of soap 一条肥皂 a bar of chocolate 一条巧克力 a bar of gold 一根金条

(2)酒吧a coffee bar

(3)固定短语：behind bars 在狱中

3. diet n.

(1)正常饮食 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 a diet of potatoes 土豆食品

(2)饮食限制go on a diet=be on a diet 节食, 节食

No sugar in my coffee; I’m dieting.

4. disease n. 疾病a serious disease of the liver 严重的肝病

diseased adj. 有病的 a diseased plant病态的植物

辨析：illness, disease

illness：很少指具体疾病，只表示抽象的疾病和生病的状态。

disease: 指可以染上和传染他人的疾病。

e. g. Several children are away from school because of illness.几个孩子因生病没上学。

He has a rare heart disease.他得了一种罕见的心脏病。

5. probably 与possibly比较

(1)probably 极有可能, 有几分根据的猜测; 比possibly所指的可能性大些。

e. g. He is working hard and clever as well many people can help him. He will probably win.他工作努力，人也聪明；很多人愿意帮助他。他极有可能取胜。

(2)possibly 可能地。表示客观上潜在的可能性，可能性比probably小，经常与情态动词can 或may 连用。

e. g. She may possibly be the greatest writer of her generation.

她或许是她那一代人中最伟大的作家。

6. promise v. &n. 允诺；答应

动词用法：后接名词或代词、不定式、that 从句

(1)They promised an immediate reply. 他们答应立刻回复。

(2)He promised me to be here at six o’clock.=He promised me that he would be here at six o’clock.. 他答应我他将在六点在这里等我。

(3)I promised you not to say that. 我答应你不说那件事。

(4)It promises to be warm this afternoon. 今天下午有望转暖。

(5)He is a promising boy. 他是一个有前途的男孩。

名词用法：

make a promise 许下诺言give a promise 许下诺言

keep a promise 信守诺言carry out a promise 履行诺言break a promise违背诺言

7. brain n.

(1)用作不可数名词，大脑

The brain is the centre of higher nervous activity.大脑是高等神经活动的中枢。

(2)用作可数名词brains，智力，头脑

She has a good brain. =She has good brains.她很聪明。

8. advise, suggest用法

(1)advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事advise doing sth. 建议做某事。

advise that…(should) + 动词原形

I advise you to leave now. 我建议你现在就离开。

I advise waiting till the proper time. 我建议等到适当时机(才行动)。

We advise that steps (should) be taken at once. 我们建议立即采取措施。

(2)suggest建议，其句型为

suggest doing sth. 建议做某事