A American History美国文化

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American History

美国历史
美国全称美利坚合众国（英语：United States of America），原为英国殖民地，后因种种因素逐渐兴起而成为一个强大的国家。

北美洲原始居民为印第安人。

16-18世纪，正在进行资本原始积累的西欧各国相继入侵北美洲。

到了十八世纪中期，在北美大西洋沿岸建立了十三块殖民地，殖民地的经济，文化，政治相对成熟。

但是殖民地与英国之间产生了裂痕，英国继续对北美地区采取高压政策，引起了北美地区居民强烈不满。

从1776年到1783年，北美十三州在华盛顿领导下取得了独立战争的胜利。

美国正式诞生，先后制定了一系列民主政治的法令。

逐步成为一个完全独立的民族主权国家。

美国独立后积极进行领土扩展，美国领土逐渐由大西洋沿岸扩张到太平洋沿岸。

经济发生了显著变化，北部、南部经济沿着不同方向发展。

南北矛盾日益加重。

1861年4月至1865年4月，美国南方与北方之间进行的战争，又称美国内战。

最终是北方领导的资产阶级获胜统一全国。

1865年开始了重建时期，逐步废除奴隶制，1877年，南部进行民主重建，制订了民主的进步法令，标志着民主重建的结束。

后来美国完成了工业革命，经济实力大增，两次世界大战奠定了美国在资本主义世界中霸主的地位。

冷战开始后和苏联平分天下。

冷战结束后，美国成为世界上唯一的超级大国。

但是二十世纪八十年代年美国经济情况仍较平稳。

进入90年代，美国计算机产业发展迅速，并带动全球的高科技信息产业，开拓了新一代的产业革命。

美国文化中最大的历史事件英语作文

美国历史中的重大事件：独立战争In the annals of American history, the event that stands tallest and casts the longest shadow is undoubtedly the American Revolution. This momentous occasion marked the birth of a nation, the severance of ties with a powerful mother country, and the establishment of a democratic government based on the principles of liberty and equality. The Revolution began as a peaceful protest against the oppressive tax policies of the British government, which were seen as a violation of the colonists' rights and liberties. As the conflict escalated, however, it transformed into a full-fledged war, with the colonies fighting for their independence from Britain.The Revolutionary War was not just a military conflict; it was also a struggle of ideas. The colonists werefighting for the fundamental rights of all men to be treated equally and with dignity. This struggle was personified in the Declaration of Independence, which declared that "all men are created equal" and proclaimed the colonies' intention to sever their ties with Britain.The war was long and hard-fought, with many casualties and setbacks for both sides. However, through perseverance and a strong belief in their cause, the colonists ultimately emerged victorious. The Treaty of Paris, which ended the war, recognized the colonies' independence and established the United States of America as a sovereign nation.The American Revolution was a pivotal moment in world history. It not only marked the birth of a new nation but also set a precedent for democratic governments based on the principles of liberty and equality. The ideals and values that were fought for and won during the Revolution have since been emulated and adopted by many other nations around the globe.The Revolution was also a powerful reminder of the power of the people. It showed that when people are united in their beliefs and are willing to fight for what they believe in, they can overcome even the most formidable of obstacles. The legacy of the American Revolution lives on today in the form of democratic institutions and values that continue to shape and influence the world.**美国历史中的重大事件：独立战争**在美国历史的长河中，一个事件高高耸立，其影响深远且持久，那就是美国独立战争。

关于美国文化的英语作文

The United States of America,often referred to as the melting pot of the world,is a nation with a rich and diverse cultural heritage.The culture of the United States is a blend of various traditions,customs,and values that have evolved over centuries.Here are some key aspects of American culture that are worth exploring in an essay:1.Historical Influences:The culture of the United States has been shaped by the waves of immigration from different parts of the world.Each group of immigrants brought with them their own customs,languages,and traditions,which have contributed to the cultural mosaic of the country.nguage and Communication:English is the predominant language,but Spanish is also widely spoken,especially in areas with a high Hispanic population.American English has its own unique slang and colloquialisms that reflect the countrys informal and direct communication style.3.Religious Diversity:The United States is home to a wide variety of religious beliefs, with Christianity being the most common.However,there is also a significant presence of other religions,including Judaism,Islam,Buddhism,and Hinduism,reflecting the countrys commitment to religious freedom.cation:Education is highly valued in American culture,with a strong emphasis on higher education.The United States is home to some of the worlds most prestigious universities,attracting students from around the globe.5.Music and Arts:American music has had a significant impact on global culture,with genres such as jazz,blues,rock and roll,hip hop,and country music originating in the United States.The arts scene is vibrant,with numerous museums,galleries,and theaters showcasing both traditional and contemporary works.6.Sports:Sports play a central role in American culture,with football,basketball, baseball,and ice hockey being the most popular.The country has a strong tradition of professional and college sports,and many Americans are passionate about their favorite teams.7.Cuisine:American cuisine is as diverse as its population.While fast food is often associated with the country,there is also a rich tradition of regional cuisines,such as Southern cooking,which includes dishes like fried chicken,barbecue,and gumbo.8.Holidays and Celebrations:The United States has a variety of holidays that reflect its cultural diversity.Major holidays include Thanksgiving,Christmas,Independence DayFourth of July,and Labor Day.Each holiday has its own traditions and celebrations.9.Work Ethic:The American work ethic is characterized by a strong emphasis on individualism,selfreliance,and the pursuit of success.This has contributed to the countrys economic growth and innovation.10.Political Culture:The United States is a democratic republic with a system of checks and balances.Political participation and the right to vote are central to the American political culture,and the country has a history of activism and social movements.11.Innovation and Technology:The United States has been at the forefront of technological innovation,with Silicon Valley being the epicenter of the tech industry. This culture of innovation has led to advancements in various fields,including computing, telecommunications,and space exploration.12.Social Issues:American culture is not without its challenges.Issues such as racial inequality,gender discrimination,and social justice are ongoing concerns that are actively discussed and debated within the country.In conclusion,American culture is a complex tapestry woven from the threads of its diverse population.It is a culture that values freedom,innovation,and diversity,while also grappling with the social issues that arise from its history and rapid development. Understanding American culture requires an appreciation of its many facets and the ongoing dialogue between tradition and modernity.。

美国文化ppt

Time:18-19s West cowboy:在西部广袤的土地，一群热情无畏的开拓者。在美国历史上，他们是开发西部的先锋，他们富有冒险和吃苦耐劳精神，因此被美国人称为“马背上的英雄”。
American way of cooking

Emphasis on convenience and rapid consumption Hamburgers French fries hot dog pizza soft drink American consumers are more concerned with wholesome (健康)of their diet than its subtlety（微妙，精明）
The guiding principles and goal :pursuit of
freedom and equality
Characteristic: :宽容性（tolerance）、“do-ityourself” （自己动手）、attach more importance to privacy …
Social system
Component: social insurance (社会保险) public welfare(社会福利) Social relief (社会救济 ) 特点：适时建立和逐步完善社会保障体系严格控制失业救济金发放标准和发放时间，以利于失业者积极再就业采取措施，增收节支，迎接老龄化的严重挑战。
Mode of production (生产模式)
Agriculture: mechanization (机械化) collectivization （集体化）
Industry：advanced technique

Differences between the Chinese and American cultures 中美文化比较

摘要：中美文化有其共通之处，但也有很多的差异。

中国有着悠久的历史，经过长时间的文化积淀逐渐形成具有中国特色的传统文化。

美国虽然历史不长，但是美国文化已经成为世界的主流文化之一。

今天我们将从教育、宗教、饮食等方面来对比中美文化之间的异同，提高我们跨文化交际的能力。

关键字：中国，美国，文化异同，教育，宗教，饮食AbstractThere are some similarities between Chinese and American culture，but also kinds of differences。

China is a country that has a long history，in the long period cultural accumulation，the traditional culture with Chinese characteristics came into being。

Although the United S tates don’t have such a long history，American culture has become one of the mainstream culture in the world。

Today we’ll Compare the similarities and differences between Chinese and American cultures from three aspects:religion，education and food。

In this way，we can improve our ability of cross-culture communication。

Key words：China,America,similarities,differences,education,religion,food Differences between the Chinese and American culturesAs we know ,there are many differences between Chinese and American cultures. If we desire to learn about U.S or communicate with Americans in proper way ,it is necessary for us to know about cross-cultural communication. Cross-cultural communication (also referred to as intercultural communication) is a field of study that focus on how people from different cultural backgrounds communicate, in similar and different ways among themselves, and how they endeavor to communicate across cultures. Only if we are familiar with the similarities and differences can we avoid cultural conflicts and get along well with foreign friends. When you are conc erned about what you can do and what you can’t, your foreign friends will show respect for your national culture and there is no doubt that you can enhance the level of cross-culture communication .In the essay,I’ll talk about similarities and differences in three aspects between Chinese and American culture :religion ,food and festival.1.religionAmerica is remarkable now, as in the past,for its attachment to the principle of freedom of belief or disbelief . –The First Amendment to the Constitution of the United States indicates that "Congress shall make no law establishing religion, orprohibit the free exercise thereof."So you can choose your indivisual relision.According to the research, The largest religion in the US is Christianity, practiced by the majority of the population (76% in 2008)；Speaking in general terms, the contemporary American is a Christian country. A research indicates that most Americans believe the existence of Santa Clous, Christ Jesus and angel even after they have received edu cation and become adults. It’s easy to see the ingrained status of Christianity in the United States of America. Christianity has the idea that people have original sin, because human ancestors, Adam and eva had sinned, corrupt moral invaded their body, and transmitted to their descendants, the result is that all mankind have sin. Obviously, Christianity preached that man and God, the separation of man and nature. China is a multi-religious country, and Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Catholicism and Christian are the main religions in the country. Incomplete statistics show that there are more than 100 million religious followers in China with over 85 000 religious sites, over 3000 religious groups and some 74 religious colleges. Chinese people also enjoy the freedom of religious belief according to law, and regular religious activities are protected by the Constitution. All religious believers and non-religious people in the country respect for each other in beliefs and customs and live together in harmonies. While Chinese religion would emphasize that the harmony between man and nature, issues of life within a confined themselves, to solve problems with people- oriented. It’s quite different from the Christianity.2.foodGenerally speaking, we Chinese think food is very important to man. People often associate food with important holidays and the chance to meet distinguished guests. The Chinese food not only is very delicious and tasty but also very pleasing to your senses and many of dishes have very beautiful and fancy names. The Chinese have the food culture of our own which are quite different from westerners. In the west, people pay more attention to the nutrition of food rather than the looks of it. The cuisine and table manners are quite different from ours in a great extent.It is a very common practice we Chinese people say "Have you had your meal?" when they meeteach other around the time before or after meals. In fact, it is a kind of greeting to communicate with each other. But foreigners cannot understand that because they think why you ask me this. They tend to think you want to invite me to dinner or I am not rich enough to feed myself regularly but that is my business not yours. Chinese think food is very important and essential to people so it shows some care and concern about you. Very often it puzzles foreigners a lot that we ask and talk so much when we order our food in the restaurant. One reason is we ask what the food or the dish is and try to clarify it because you sometimes never know what the food is just according the name of the food until it is put on your table in the restaurant just. While most of western food has a simple and clear name and you know what it is when you hear the name. For instance, there is a traditional food call "fish and chips" in the UK. You see it is very obvious it is fried fish and potato chips. The reason for this in China is on the one hand to try to tell you the way it cooks such as cook, fry, grill and broil in the name and on the other it has beautiful good names so that you have a good imagination and association to let you have a good appetite.Generally speaking, we don't use much tableware when we have our meal in China. Mainly we have bowl, dishes, chopsticks and spoons, which we don't use very often. In serving English meals, they use so much tableware with different kinds and sizes. The Chinese do not know how to use them properly when they are invited to dinner in English family. For example there are different kinds of names for glasses in English, such as wine glass, cherry glass, brandy glass, beer glass, snifter glass, champion flute and high bowl. You can see tableware also show the food culture of different countries.cationUs’s higher education was considered as the best education in the world. Comparing the elementary education between American and China, people's universal view will be: China's elementary education aims to build the foundation of education with more study and less thought; while US's education aims to bulid such an education to raise the creativity with less study and more thought. the Chinesestudents study more, actually pay little attention to the practice, and cannot study for the purpose of 's education pays more attention to raise student's self-confidence,independence,spirit of supporting oneself, but China's education emphases on training the students to be strict,rigorous spiritual. When American school inspects the result of student, they emphasize more on the ability to analyze and solve the question but not the ability of memory or description. The American students donot need the mechanical memorizing, but display creative thought as far as possible; This can cultivate student's study interest, raise the ability of doing it byself and make the study be one kind of creative action.Conclusion:Chinese culure is broad and profound,but American culture also has its unique and style.After learning this class,I have a general impression on American culture,there are quite differences between Chinese and American culture.I think that it’s beneficial to be familiar to this differences for our cross-cultual communication.References[1]Luther S.Luedtke<The Society and Culture of the United States>America:United States information Agency,2003[2]托马斯﹒里克纳《美式家庭——品质教育家长对策》海南：海南出版社，2001年(2)[3]章创生《美国爸爸中国爸爸——向美国家长学教子》重庆：重庆出版社，2011(6)[4]董小川《美国文化概论》.北京：人民出版社，2006[5]铁梅《道教——中国道家文化百科999问》青海：青海人民出版社，2012(1)[6]赵林《西方宗教文化》武昌：武汉大学出版社，2011年(6)[7]学晏《佛家与管理》北京：社会科学文献出版社，2012年(6)[8]徐怀启《古代基督教史》上海：上海人民出版社，2012（6）[9]（美）米拉德﹒丁.艾利克森《基督教神学导论》上海：人民出版社，2012（6）[10]李维冰《中国饮食文化概论》北京：中国商业出版社，2006（6）[11]美国饮食文化，/view/2143412.htm。

American History -Culture class 美国历史和文化

The American revolution lasted for about seven years, and in 1783, the United States became independent, a young nation that consisted of a long string of farming communities spread along the East Coast
Few immigrants went South, but this is where slavery began. America found itself divided over the issue of slavery. This was part of the Southern way of life. The morality of slavery was an issue in the minds of ‘abolitionists’ in the 1850s. Abraham Lincoln won a political election but this was a threat to their way of life in the South, so many southerners decided to secede from the Union. Civil war broke out.
White Americans pushed westward for settlement and expansion. As a result, native Indian land was taken away and their culture destroyed.
You can see the portrayal of Indians in ‘cowboy and Indian films’, often as scary warriors riding on horses!

美国文化英语演讲American History

moralism: n. 道德主义
Adulterer:奸夫
Sabbath [‘sæbəθ] n. [宗]安息日
heretic ['herətik]:异教徒
2. English Settlements
One Puritan who disagreed with the decisions of the community, Roger Williams, protested that the state should not interfere with religion. Forced to leave Massachusetts in 1635, he set up the neighboring Rhode Island colony, which guaranteed religious freedom and the separation of church and state. This toleration, in its turn, attracted further groups of settlers to the New World.
2. Engoped to build “a city upon a hill”--an ideal community. New England also established another American tradition-- an often intolerant moralism. The Puritans believed that governments should enforce God's morality. They strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violators of the Sabbath and heretics. In the Puritan settlements the right to vote was restricted to church members, and the salaries of ministers were paid out of tax revenues.

[英文]美国文化概况简介

美国文化概况简介
deliberate shaping of self, the pursuit of individual individualism has its positive side and negative side. It mobilized the enthusiasm of individuals, so that many people's wisdom and potential into full play, thus contributing to the revitalization and development of the whole nation and the state. However, everyone is selfcentered, it is difficult to harmonious relationships, the whole community will be a lack of cohesion. Focus on the achievements of the American public, admired hero, there is a profound achievement worship and hero worship of psychological accumulation. Personal achievements are one of the highest American values in the evaluation value. Americans have a strong achievement (or success) consciousness. Success is the pursuit of all Americans, is an attractive prospect, motivation. They there is a dream, that is, through their own efforts to change their social status, to realize their dreams in life, this it is often called the "American Dream."

American culture(美国文化)

Statue of Liberty
Film and Drama
Most of them are based on folk literature, legends and history. For example, like Douglas Moore Douglas Moore baby song Ballad of Doz is about the rise and fall of a big silver king of Colorado. The first successful American opera is Gershwin George Gershwin great folk opera "porky and Bessie" Porgy and Bess, it is 1935 in New York staged.
But Americans also attach great importance to the spirit of cooperation, they follow the principle of "the minority is subordinate to the majority", even if it is not approved by the minority will seriously implement the decision.
“Multi national integration “and “racial discrimination”
(“多民族融合”与“种族歧视”)
Individualism
Individualism is the core of American culture. Americans advocate personal supremacy, self struggle, convinced that personal dignity, for their own lives, pay attention to personal characteristics, the pursuit of self-expression. Therefore, Americans believe in individualism, their age, marital status, weight, income, religious beliefs and personal life are regarded as personal privacy , labeled "do not ask others," seals.

美国文化经典美文双语

美国文化经典美文双语美国是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，因其较为健全的法律制度、健康的生活环境、顶尖的教育资源等，吸引着世界各地的人来这里追逐美国梦。

那么你想多了解一下有关美国的文化吗?下面是店铺为大家带来有关美国文化经典美文双语，欢迎大家阅读欣赏!Suprises often come in boxes. Birthday presents wrapped in colorful paper, brown paper packages mailed from a friend. No matter what kind of box it is, people like to open it up and see what's inside. In America, and in many other countries, one special kind of box contains the future. It's called a ballot box. What people put into the box on election day can change the course oflustory惊奇常常是在箱子里出现：包在彩色包装纸里面的生日礼物……朋友寄来牛皮纸包的包裹……不论是怎样的箱子，人们喜欢打开来看看里面是什么。

在美国以及其他许多国家，有一个特殊的箱子关系着一个国家的未来，它被称为投票箱。

人们在选举日投在箱子里的东西可以改变历史的走向。

Elections are the lifeblood of a democracy. The word democracy literally means "the people rule", an important concept in America's history. In the mid-1700s, England began passing laws that made the American colorues angry. The colonists had to pay more and more taxes and enjoyed less and less freedom. They felt the govemment of England didn't represent their interests. On July 4, 1776, the colonies declared their independence from England. They wanted to establish a democracy where people could have a voice in government.选举是民主的原动力。

美国文化American culture

(c. 31 October 1451 – 20 May 1506) was a navigator, colonizer, and explorer He initiated the process of Spanish colonization which foreshadowed general European colonization of the "New World".
Gone with the wind

Gettysburg Address
by Abraham Lincoln, Nov. 19, 1863
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation or any nation so conceived and so dedicated can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. …
The American Culture
Outline

Review about last class Brief History of US Character of Americans
Think about

美国文化的英语作文

From a political perspective, this tolerance of performance in the pursuit of freedom and the right to freedom of maintenance. From the religious that it reflected in the harmonious coexistence of different faiths. From the viewpoint of life, and it appeared in different communities, different ethnic communities live in peace. In a nutshell, in the United States, each person can basically arbitrary choice of different ideas, beliefs, traditions and customs and way of life; people can also keep a considerable extent, their customs and instrument. For example, Jews can celebrate their religious festivals, and Christians are to their Christmas and Easter. For example, again, the United States by Chinese in Chinatown Chinese live and work; the same token, the Vietnamese immigrants in their "little Saigon" according to Vietnam's way of doing business and engaged in various activities.

美国文化

American culture美国文化The main content of American culture is the emphasize on individuals' value, the pursue of democracy and freedom, the promotion of deploitation(开拓, 经营) and competition and the need of realistic and practicality. Its core is individualism: self first, personal need first, pursue of individual benefit and enjoyment, emphasize on achieving individual value by self-strive and self-design. This type of intentionally build up of personality and pursue customized individualism has its pros and cons, it gives incentives to people and make them exert on their potential and wisdom and as a result accelerate the development of the entire race and nation; on the other hand it is difficult to keep good relationship among people if everyone is egocentric thus make the entire society lack of unity.美国文化的主要内容是强调个人的价值,追求民主和自由,促进开拓(开拓,经营)和竞争和需要的现实和实用性。

美国移民文化

摘要美国文化的主要内容强调的是追求民主自由，崇尚开拓竞争，讲究理性和实用，尤其强调的是个人的价值。

总所周知，美国是一个移民国家，他的祖先来自世界各地。

美国文化的形成就与这些移民有着密切的关系。

这些来自世界各地的移民带着自己的文化传统来到北美这片沃土。

各种文化的交融和北美的生活的叠加创造了美国独特的移民文化，而早期的移民文化为当今美国主流文化的形成奠定了坚实的基础。

本文将主要讨论美国早期移民文化的形成、内涵及特征。

关键词：美国文化;移民;移民文化;AbstractThe main contents of American culture emphasize the pursuit of freedom and democracy, the advocating of pioneering and competition, and pay attention to the ration and practice, especially stress on individual value. As we know, unlike most other countries in the world, America is primarily a nation of immigrants; the ancestors of Americans emigrated from many parts of the world. The formation of American culture has close relation with these immigrants who have had taken their own culture to the North America which is a fertile land. All kinds of culture blend laid a solid foundation for the formation and development of the main stream of American culture. The main contents of this paper will discuss the formation connotation and characteristics of early American immigration culture.Keywords: American culture; immigrant; immigration cultureContents摘要 (I)Abstract (II)Contents (III)1 Introduction (1)2 Background information of American emigration culture (2)2.1 Background (2)2.2 Waves of immigration (2)3 The innovation of American emigration culture (3)3.1 Freedom and Independence (3)3.2 Corporation (3)3.3 Pioneering, Innovation and Adventurous spirit (3)3.4 Equality and Competition (4)3.5 Pragmatism (4)3.6 Materialism and Money supremacy (4)3.7 Tolerance (5)4 The characteristics of America emigration culture (6)4.1 The unite of diversity and integration (6)4.2 The coexistence of fusion and conflict (6)5 Conclusion (7)Bibliography (8)1 IntroductionThe United States has many groups, including a large variety of ethnic groups coming from different races, nationalities and religions. People around the world refer to the United States as a “melting pot”. In history，there was a time, people from different countries in the world rushed to America. Immigrants brought with them their native cultural, political, and social patterns and attitudes, varied academic and religious backgrounds, as well as their ethnic arts, sports, holidays, festivals, and foods to the United States of America. These were greatly enriched American life and gradually penetrated into the American culture. After these immigrants settled down in the northeast part of America, they found the environment there was very rough. But the wise immigrants continued to move to the west and found much richer land. Finally, they found a land of democracy and a land of freedom. The immigrants accessed to every part of America and had an impact on society of America as well as change their inherent way of life. As a result, these aspects jointly created the unique culture——American immigration culture.2 Background information of American emigrationculture2.1 Background“The first Americans” were Indians. No one knows exactly how and when they got to the place which is now called America. A lot of scientists think that the first population migration movement to the Americans began about 25,000 years ago. At that time in order to look forward new hunting or escape from enemies, the tribes of Siberia crossed from Asia on the land bridge which connects Siberia and Alaska to the North America Continent. Before the discovery of the New World, American Indians had already inhabited there for thousands of years. They lived on land by hunting, gathering, fishing, and farming.The second population migration movement to Americans started from the European colonial expansion of early 16th century. In 17th century, English established a permanent resident in North America, which had an influence on their culture and enriched their life. During this time, the immigrants came not only from England but also Germany, Switzerland, France and other countries. These people combined together and created the American culture which was a blending of European cultures under new circumstances.2.2 Waves of immigrationThe first waves of immigration (1680-1880): the protestant migrating to North America descrambled the place to be a paradise which attracted a large number of European immigrants. At the same time, another group was black Africans through black slave which was also called triangle trade.The second waves of immigration (1900-1920): after the civil war, America entered the massive phrase of industrialization and urbanization. As a result, it needed abundance workers. Among them, most were from Italian、Hungary、Poland and Russia.The third waves of immigration (1965-): accounting for the bill proposed by America, the immigration came from a wide area and more countries.3 The innovation of American emigration culture 3.1 Freedom and IndependenceThe reason why the early settlers came to America was that escape from their religious persecution and social environment. Most of them were protestant from England. In England, they did not accept the doctrine of Church of Scotland, which brought them inconvenience and danger. Therefore, they pursued freedom and independence not only reflected in religion but also in economy and social life. After they moved across the ocean to America with all kinds of difficulties, the thoughts that pursuit individual rights and freedom was more firm and strong. For one thing, they needed a powerful government to maintain peace order and ensure private properties. For another thing, they pursued freedom and independence which had become their principle and belief to the maximum possible. Their dream was realized along with the publication of the Declaration of Independence and the success of war of Independence. Personal freedom was the most basic and the most important values.3.2 CorporationAs a country set up from the wilderness, accounting for ample natural resources, there were many opportunities. However, the tough environment made the immigrants realized that it was hard to one single person to survive and they must combine together to break up fallow ground and build house. Therefore, the spirit of corporation became one of the important values of American immigration culture.3.3 Pioneering, Innovation and Adventurous spiritOpportunity is a kind of magic strength that drew people to America. It not only attracted the noble who wanted to build houses in wild but also carpenter, baker, tailor who could not find job in their hometown. The most was that attract the poor without land and the homeless. It gave people a hope that was people could live a better life in America than other places. The desolate natural environment of the North America continent stimulated the immigrants to work harder. Gradually, the immigrants formed the characteristics of bearing hardships and standing hard work. And the utilization of the rich resou rces and development of North America bred America’s pioneering spirit and the spirit of adventure. A great number of immigrants who were tired about traditional system of culture came to America with rebellious spirit dominated their mind. Most of them were rarely found in traditional conservative thinking, because the dangerous and wild environment forces them to give up part of what had been desirable and traditional in the Old World. Adventure is the way for them to change their way oflife. Gradually this adventurous spirit of the American people has become the tradition. They regarded a journey of adventure as the opportunity for their development and life as a journey of adventure to explore the opportunities. In addition to the law, they thought most of the traditions were the barriers to limit their environment, resulting in being eager for challenge tradition. Americans stressed the spirit of innovation; they believe that the chance exists everywhere. They are willing to challenge tradition and precedent. American people would like to accept the new ideas as quickly as they can.3.4 Equality and CompetitionBecause America was never ruled over by King or Queen, no one has privilege in this New World. Under the condition of equal opportunity, only one’s ability could decide its own wealth. So the equality and competition are the pursuit of early America immigrants. In America, with the massive colonial land and scarce labor, each free man had the opportunity to gain financial independence. Immigrants from continental Europe brought the free thought of the bourgeoisie. In general, Americans did not envy other person, but praised and appreciated the millionaire. They believed the motto: a man’s wealth showed his ability. In the early history of United States, many immigrants from Europe resided in America because of acquiring more chances of success. In their original country, one’s success depended on their social background. Compared with American society, there was not eupatrid, and the success totally depended on your own efforts. Most of the early immigrants in the new world achieved their hope and dreams. Millions of immigrants succeeded in establishing personal beliefs in equality. With the deep understanding of the American society, they found the equality was the country’s basic belief. Admittedly, the equal opportunity to personal success was very important. In order to obtain equal chance, everyone had to pay the price. So, one of the price was equality.3.5 PragmatismWhen the first group of settlers came to the North America, they found the natural environment there was so tough, and they were isolated from the European civilization. In order to adapt themselves to the new circumstances, they became less formal but more pragmatic. The pragmatism became the philosophy of American. Because the United States had no long and splendid ancient culture, the creation of culture was in the development of North America continent. To develop this wealthy virgin, it was necessary for immigrants to break all the rules and subject to the solution of practical problems. In this historical background, the national philosophy of pragmatism was gradually formed in the United States .They expressed the belief that usefulness, effectiveness and benefit were the truth." Under the influence of the philosophy of pragmatism, Americans do not like the formal, abstract philosophy. In the eyes of the Americans, practicality was the truth, success was the truth.3.6 Materialism and Money supremacyAmerican culture is based on the material. A comfortable standard of living is their goal to pursuit. They have a sense of superiority to those whose living condition is notbetter than them. When Americans talked about person's value of early immigrants, they mainly referred to material values as the ordinary standard. One of the most fundamental reasons for early immigrants to flood into the United States is that they want to live a better life. Most of the immigrants were not become rich overnight, having a break life. However, they promoted their quality of life. When early immigrants came to this virgin territory, they were surprised by the rich natural resources of North America. Only work hard is the only way for them to survive in new world. And only by working hard can they realize their dreams. To some extent material wealth is the rewards or returns of the hard work. Wealth is one of important way to prove one’s ability.3.7 ToleranceThe United States is a country of immigrants. Its ancestors were from all over the world. When People immigrated to the United States, they not only shifted in geographical position but also changed the old customs and cultures of their host countries to adapt themselves to a new environment. Because of the obvious differences, people would not pay special attention to uniformity. Day by day, Americans developed a high degree of cultural tolerance. They could tolerant different point of view, different customs and different culture. Politically, the tolerance was the pursuit and protection of freedom. Religion, it was the coexistence of different beliefs. In life, it was the living in peace of many nationalities. In the United States, each person could choose various ideas, beliefs, and way of life. To a certain degree, people could keep their own tradition.4 The characteristics of America emigrationculture4.1 The unite of diversity and integrationThe multi-original of immigration determined the diversity of America culture. Different age, different race and different nation of immigrants in the United States left a mark on the process of American culture development.Language is the carrier of culture; a large amount of foreign words of American English reflected the diversity of American culture. In early North America colonial age, American English absorbed mass words from different immigrant language, among which still in use today. For example, the words (avalanche、prairie、depot、ragout) derived from French. The words (boss、roster、cookie sleigh、Santa Claus) originated from Dutch. The words (bronco、buckaroo、canyon、mesa、ranch、puma) stemmed from Spanish. At the same time, there were many words came from Russian, Finnish, Japanese and Chinese.4.2 The coexistence of fusion and conflictThere were diversities in heterogenous culture. The general characteristics reserved from fusion of nations and culture, which constituted the core of American culture. On the contrary, differences led to the contradictions between races and cultural conflict. Because America was made up of racial immigrants, the ethnicity, not political or social, became the main standard to distinguish American. Racial culture and traditional diversities became the main driving force to develop. But it was easy to produce prejudice, deepen racial discrimination, and caused ethical division. Racial discrimination is the social problems. The disparaged call to some nations was the best evidence.5 ConclusionThe formation of American immigration culture is closely related with the development of the United States of America. American immigration culture made a great contribution to the development of the American history. Native America or immigrants from overseas held the same dream of changing their social class and desired to make their life time dream come true through their own efforts. In order to adapt themselves to the new environments, they became less formal but more pragmatic. They grew less conservative and more outspoken. Large tracts of virgin soil promoted the development of competition and cultivated a stronger sense for liberty and variety. The formation of a new nation by people of different national origins forced social life to show more elasticity. Compromise and tolerance became a necessity. Religion thus gradually became a private affair. When the immigrants came to the American continent, they brought with them their native traditions, customs and living patterns. The immigrants from all part of the world have greatly enriched American life. The United States is a "melting pot" in which the foreigners have sometimes remained culturally and linguistically what they were in their native lands even as they move toward becoming citizens of the United States, and it is still a country whose people share a common cultural outlook and set of values which are included in the American immigration cultures.外国语学院英语系学年论文Bibliography[1] Hendrik Willem Van Loon. Tolerance, 1925.[2] Alexis de Tocqueville.De la démocratie en Amérique，1993.[3] Baugh, Albert C. A Literary History of England. London: Routledge and K. Paul,1967.[4] 刘平，刘军. 移民美国. 中国经济出版社, 2009.[5] 吴定柏. 美国文学大纲. 上海外语出版社，2000[6]李常磊. 英美文化博览. 世界图书出版公司，2000.[7]陈朝晖. 美国. 京华出版社，2001.8。

美国文化

Cowboys in America美国牛仔：不朽的美国精神An integral part of the story of America, the cowboy is a national icon, a romantic, rugged1) metaphor for America’s frontier past, Westward expansion and creation myths. Sensationalized2) by Hollywood and by real-life bad boys, the heroic, hard-working, hard-riding, free-thinking cowboy is inseparable from American history itself.作为美国故事中不可或缺的一部分，牛仔已经成为民族偶像式的人物。

他们是浪漫主义的化身和粗犷野性的代表，象征着美国的开疆历史、西进扩张运动和开国神话。

在好莱坞电影的渲染和现实生活中“坏小子们”的影响下，英勇、勤劳、善骑、思想自由的牛仔成为美国历史中必不可少的一页。

An integral part of the story of America, the cowboy is a national icon, a romantic, rugged1) metaphor for America’s frontier past, Westward expansion and creation myths. Sensationalized2) by Hollywood and by real-life bad boys, the heroic, hard-working, hard-riding, free-thinking cowboy is inseparable from American history itself.作为美国故事中不可或缺的一部分，牛仔已经成为民族偶像式的人物。

美国独特文化作文及翻译

美国独特文化作文及翻译为什么美国文化是独特的American culture is unique because it is nurtured，formed and developed under certain conditions， which are characteristicallyAmerican. The major factors contributing to the making of this new nation and the forming of a new culture are the hard environment，ethnic diversity and plural religion， which is quite different from other nations in the world. What is more，these elements are still influencing the American culture.The early immigrants who were English Puritans settled down in northeast part of American. The environment there was very rough but they believed the poor land could purify their mind so they chose the place along the coast. From 1607 to 1892， frontiers were pushed further west. The American frontier consisted of the relatively unsettled regions of the United States， usually found in the western part of the country. The frontiersmen looked for a land of rich resources and a land of promise，opportunity andfreedom. Actually they looked for a better life. So individualism，self-reliance，and equality of opportunity have perhaps been the values most closely associated with the frontier heritage of American.The population of the United States includes a large variety of ethnic groups coming from many races，nationalities，and religions. People refer to the United States as "melting pot "and the dominant people are British. American is made up of WASP MM， that is，White， Anglo Saxon， Protestants plus Middle Class and Male. In history， people from different countries in the world rushed to American three times. They brought their own culture to American and later on different cultures were mixed together. Thus the unique American culture is formed， a common cultural life with commonly shared values.The fundamental American belief in individual freedom and the right of individuals to practice their own religion is at the center of religious experience in the United States. The great diversity of ethnic backgrounds has produced religious pluralism； almost all of the religions of the world are now practiced inthe United States. Christianity is the dominant religion in American and Protestant is predominate。