2005年考研英语翻译和作文试题答案
2005年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案3精选全文完整版
精选全文完整版2005年全国硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案3Text 3Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise” -- the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.” And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, “It’s your dream,” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain isas active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions show up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events -- until, it appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control itscourse. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we waken up in a panic,” Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep -- or rather dream -- on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams ________.[A] can be modified in their courses[B] are susceptible to emotional changes[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show ________.[A] its function in our dreams[B] the mechanism of REM sleep[C] the relation of dreams to emotions[D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to ________.[A] aggravate in our unconscious mind[B] develop into happy dreams[C] persist till the time we fall asleep[D] show up in dreams early at night34. Cartwright seems to suggest that ________.[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?[A] Lead your life as usual.[B] Seek professional help.[C] Exercise conscious control.[D] Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text 4American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Musicand Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom,” for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the aut hentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,” has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question ofhis subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive -- there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms -- he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china.”A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.36. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English ________.[A] is inevitable in radical education reforms[B] is but all too natural in language development[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture[D] brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s37. The word “talking” (Line 6, paragraph 3) denotes ________.[A] modesty[B] personality[C] liveliness[D] informality38. To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.[B] Black English can be more expressive than standard English.[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.[D] Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.39. The description of Russians’ love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s ________.[A] interest in their language[B] appreciation of their efforts[C] admiration for their memory[D] contempt for their old-fashionedness40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” as ________.[A] “temporary” is to “permanent”[B] “radical” is to “conservative”[C] “functional” is to “artistic”[D] “humble” is to “noble”。
2005考研英语真题答案
2005考研英语真题答案2005年考研英语真题是众多考生备战考研的重要资料，通过对真题的分析和解答有助于我们更好地了解考试内容和提升自己的备考效果。
本文将为大家提供2005年考研英语真题的详细解答和答案解析。
Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishPartⅠ1. C) careful2. D) ordinary3. A) atomic4. C) basis5. B) divided6. A) as7. B) deceived8. C) rather9. D) for10. C) while11. A) when12. B) Efforts13. D) properties14. A) impact15. D) currently PartⅡ16. C) provide17. B) evidence18. D) starves19. A) reluctance20. D) In essence21. A) challenges22. B) general23. C) simply24. B) wrong25. C) threatening Part Ⅲ26. C) and27. B) ideas28. C) themselves29. D) preferred30. A) taking31. D) promising32. B) until33. A) establish34. D) do35. B) experiencePart Ⅳ36. manufacturing37. frustrated38. challenge39. squeezed40. neglectedSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart A41. B) it changes the basic nature of desire.42. D) They create desires and then satisfy them.43. C) the dominance of external objects in consumption.44. D) People always have an inclination to desire more.45. A) They relate it to practical achievements.46. C) They are awakening new needs through advertising.47. A) have realized the importance of desires.48. C) Industrialization plays an important role in consumption.49. B) It encourages people to prefer material things.50. D) about people's dependence on the moods of desire.Part B51. C) The reform of the educational system.52. D) The persisting inequality between urban and rural areas.53. A) They believed that ordinary people would succeed.54. C) Encouraging the population to seek further education.55. A) Hesitations over the potential rewards from education.56. B) Recognize the importance of promoting social equality.57. D) Settle for whatever they could achieve through labor.58. B) The disappointment caused by the success of a few individuals.59. A) The rapid advancement of society.60. D) Lack of educational opportunity for all groups.Part C61. D) Enhancing their chances of winning at slots.62. C) Their potential generosity towards others.63. D) They believe they can exert control over the outcome.64. A) They were given money unambiguous control.65. C) The belief in luck.66. B) greater likelihood of gambling.67. A) It is independent of people's social and educational backgrounds.68. D) Information obtained from research.69. B) The spread of gambling.70. D) Life chances in general.Section Ⅲ WritingPart Ⅳ Translation71. TranslationThis year, China's economic reforms have made remarkable achievements. The country's GDP has increased steadily, and people's lives have significantly improved. However, we should not ignore the environmental problems that have arisen in the process of economic development. For example, air pollution and water pollution have become increasingly serious. In order to achieve sustainable development, the Chinese government has implemented a series of measures to address these issues. It has invested heavily in environmental protection projects and enacted laws and regulations to hold polluters accountable. Additionally, the government has encouraged the use of clean energy and promoted green and low-carbon development. It is believed that with the joint efforts of the government and the public, China's environmental situation will gradually improve, and the people will be able to enjoy a better living environment.72. TranslationWith the rapid development of the Internet, online shopping has gained popularity among consumers. Compared to traditional shopping, online shopping offers convenience and flexibility. People can easily browse and compare products from different sellers and make purchases with just a few clicks. Online shopping also provides a wide range of choices, allowing consumers to find specific items that may not be available in local stores. Furthermore, online shopping often offers discounts and promotional deals, making it a cost-effective option. However, there are also potential risks associated with online shopping, such as the quality of products, the security of personal information, and the reliability of sellers. Therefore, consumers should be cautious and take necessary precautions when making online purchases.以上是2005年考研英语真题的详细解答和答案解析，通过对真题的研究和分析，我们可以更好地了解考试内容和备考重点，从而提高备考效果。
2005考研英语真题答案
2005考研英语真题答案【篇一：2005考研英语真题答案解析】section i use of english (10 points)1-5. cbacb6-10. adadb11-15. cadcd 16-20. bcdabsection ii reading comprehension (60 points)part a (40 points) 21-25. cbacb 26-30. cdadb 31-35. acdda 36-40. bdabcpart b (10 points) 41-45. ecgfbpart c (10 points)46. 电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。
也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用。
47.多媒体集团在欧洲就像在其他地方一样越来越成功了。
这些集团把相互关系密切的电视台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社整合到了一起。
48.仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。
这个事实通过统计数字一目了然，统计表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。
49.创造一个尊重不同文化和传统的“欧洲统一体”绝非易事，需要战略性选择。
正是这些文化和传统组成了连接欧洲大陆的纽带。
50.在应付一个如此规模的挑战过程中，我们可以毫不夸张地说，“团结，我们就会站起来；分裂，我们就会倒下去。
”section Ⅲ writing (30 points)part a (10 points) a letter, to quitjun 22, 2005dear mr. wang,first of all, please allow me to express my deep sorry to you for my resignation. i do know that this will bring about much trouble to you so that i write to you for my explanation.i decided to quit for some reasons as follows. to begin with, the job as an editor for the magazine designs fashions is not suitable to me. what’s more, i’m preparing for another degree and i prefer to further my study. again, i apologize for my resignation to you!i am looking forward to your early reply.yours sincerely,li mingpart b (20 points)a helpless fatherthe picture ironically shows that a pitiable old man in rags is being helplessly kicked off by his three sons and a daughter, who all wear decent clothes. the father’s negligent children are all guarding their home gates lest their old father “roll into” their households. in other words, they four ignore their moral sense of assuming the responsibility for their old father even though they may be all living a satisfying life. that is a painful scene we often encounter in our daily life.sad to say, the moral decline of the younger generations may be a rather explosive situation in our modern society. people definitely have their living conditions improved by wider and wider margins, as evidenced by the four children’s decent dressing, but their moral sense still remains sadly unchanged or in some cases becomes dramatically downgrading. most people might have become too much self-centered, and even worse, they discard the tradition of giving respect to the elderly. they no longer care for their elders, let alone their neighbors or the disadvantaged; instead they try every means to avoid responsibility for other citizens. when one cares for others, one might even appear stupid or may even be distrusted.therefore, we have to take some useful measures to avoid the scene that is mentioned above. we must launch a variety of campaigns about the return to the good tradition of giving help and love the elderly. moreover, we must appeal to our government to establish some relevant laws to punish those who avoid their duties. the last but not the least, our respect for age is an indication of the progress of human society, as imperatives of traditions require. we sincerely wish that the old man could be welcome to any of the four households, elegantly dressed, and a smile on the face.2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解section i use of english1. c 空格前讲的是，和动物相比，人的嗅觉常被认为不灵敏，空格后讲的是，…这主要是因为，…动物，我们是直立的。
2005年考研英语一真题答案解析
2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案Section I Use of English (10 points)1-5. CBACB 6-10. ADADB 11-15. CADCD 16-20. BCDABSection II Reading Comprehension (60 points)Part A (40 points) 21-25. CBACB 26-30. CDADB 31-35. ACDDA 36-40. BDABCPart B (10 points) 41-45. ECGFBPart C (10 points)46. 电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。
也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用。
47. 多媒体集团在欧洲就像在其他地方一样越来越成功了。
这些集团把相互关系密切的电视台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社整合到了一起。
48. 仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。
这个事实通过统计数字一目了然，统计表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。
49. 创造一个尊重不同文化和传统的“欧洲统一体”绝非易事，需要战略性选择。
正是这些文化和传统组成了连接欧洲大陆的纽带。
50. 在应付一个如此规模的挑战过程中，我们可以毫不夸张地说，“团结，我们就会站起来；分裂，我们就会倒下去。
”Section Ⅲ Writing (30 points)Part A (10 points) A Letter, to QuitJun 22, 2005 Dear Mr. Wang,First of all, please allow me to express my deep sorry to you for my resignation. I do know that this will bring about much trouble to you so that I write to you for my explanation.I decided to quit for some reasons as follows. To begin with, the job as an editor for the magazine Designs & Fashions is not suitable to me. What’s more, I’m preparing for another degree and I prefer to further my study. Again, I apologize for my resignation to you!I am looking forward to your early reply.Y ours Sincerely,Li Ming Part B (20 points)A Helpless FatherThe picture ironically shows that a pitiable old man in rags is being helplessly kicked off by his three sons and a daughter, who all wear decent clothes. The father’s negligent children are all guarding their home gates lest their old father “roll into” their households. In other words, they four ignore their moral sense of assuming the responsibility for their old father even though they may be all living a satisfying life. That is a painful scene we often encounter in our daily life.Sad to say, the moral decline of the younger generations may be a rather explosive situation in our modern society. People definitely have their living conditions improved by wider and wider margins, as evidenced by the four children’s decent dressing, but their moral sense still remains sadly unchanged or in some cases becomes dramatically downgrading. Most people might have become too much self-centered, and even worse, they discard the tradition of giving respect to the elderly. They no longer care for their elders, let alone their neighbors or thedisadvantaged; instead they try every means to avoid responsibility for other citizens. When one cares for others, one might even appear stupid or may even be distrusted.Therefore, we have to take some useful measures to avoid the scene that is mentioned above. We must launch a variety of campaigns about the return to the good tradition of giving help and love the elderly. Moreover, we must appeal to our government to establish some relevant laws to punish those who avoid their duties. The last but not the least, our respect for age is an indication of the progress of human society, as imperatives of traditions require. We sincerely wish that the old man could be welcome to any of the four households, elegantly dressed, and a smile on the face.2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解Section I Use of English1. C空格前讲的是，和动物相比，人的嗅觉常被认为不灵敏，空格后讲的是，…这主要是因为，…动物，我们是直立的。
2005考研英语真题答案解析05英语考研真题解析
2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案Ｓｅｃtｉon ＩＵse ｏｆ Eｎgｌｉsh (10 pｏintｓ）1-5. CBACB 6-10. AＤADB 11-１5．ＣADＣD 16-20．BCＤABＳeｃtｉon IＩＲeading Ｃompｒeｈension (60 ｐoｉnts）Pａrt A (４0 poｉnts） 2１-2５. ＣBACB 2６-30. CDAＤB 31－35. ACDDA 36－40. ＢDＡBCＰart Ｂ(10 pｏints) 41-45. EＣＧFBPart C (10 points)４6. 电视是创造和传递感情的手段之一。
也许在此之前，就加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系而言，电视还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中起过如此大的作用。
4７. 多媒体集团在欧洲就像在其他地方一样越来越成功了。
这些集团把相互关系密切的电视台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社整合到了一起。
48. 仅这一点就表明在电视行业不是一个容易生存的领域。
这个事实通过统计数字一目了然，统计表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不少于50%。
49．创造一个尊重不同文化和传统的“欧洲统一体”绝非易事,需要战略性选择。
正是这些文化和传统组成了连接欧洲大陆的纽带。
50. 在应付一个如此规模的挑战过程中,我们可以毫不夸张地说，“团结，我们就会站起来;分裂,我们就会倒下去。
”Seｃtion ⅢWｒiｔiｎg (30 pｏiｎts)Pａrt A (10 poｉｎtｓ) A Ｌeｔteｒ, to QuitJun 22, ２005 Dear Ｍr． Wang,First ｏf all， pleaｓe allｏw me to ｅｘpreｓs my deep sorry ｔo ｙｏu ｆor my rｅsignａｔion. I do know ｔhａｔｔｈis will bｒｉnｇ about much ｔroubｌe tｏ yｏu sｏｔhaｔI ｗrite to ｙｏｕfor ｍy explanaｔion.Ｉ decided ｔｏ quit for ｓome ｒeasonｓas folｌows. To beｇiｎwith, the ｊｏｂ as ａn ediｔｏｒ for the maｇaziｎe Deｓigns & Fashｉｏnｓｉs ｎｏｔｓｕitable ｔo ｍｅ．What’s ｍoｒe，I’m ｐrepariｎg for anoｔhｅr ｄegｒeｅand Ｉ prefeｒto fｕrｔher mｙｓtuｄｙ. Again, Ｉ aｐologｉｚe for mｙresignatiｏn to you!I am ｌooking fｏrｗard tｏｙour early ｒeply．Yｏurs Siｎcｅrely，LｉMing Pａrt Ｂ（20 poinｔs)Ａ Helpｌess FａthｅrTｈe ｐicture ironicalｌy ｓhoｗs ｔhａt ａpitiabｌe ｏld ｍan in ragｓ iｓ beinｇhelpｌｅssly kｉckｅd oｆｆｂy ｈis ｔｈrｅe sｏｎs and a daｕｇhter, who all ｗear decent clｏthes. The father’s neglｉｇeｎt chilｄｒen aｒe alｌｇuarｄinｇ theｉr home ｇatｅs lesｔ theiｒｏld ｆathｅr “rolｌｉｎto” thｅir ｈousｅhｏlds. Ｉｎ other worｄｓ, thｅｙ four iｇnorｅ theiｒ moral sｅnｓe oｆ assuming thｅ reｓｐoｎsiｂilｉｔy for their oｌd faｔheｒ even thｏugh ｔhｅｙｍay be all living a sａｔisfyｉng liｆe. That is a paiｎfｕｌ scene we ｏften enｃｏunter ｉn our ｄa ｉｌy lｉfe.Ｓad tｏ say, the moraｌ decｌine of ｔｈｅ youｎger ｇeneｒaｔions may bｅａ ratｈer explosiｖe ｓｉtuａtion in oｕr mｏdern ｓoｃieｔy. Peｏｐle ｄefiniｔely ｈave ｔheiｒ living conｄitiｏnｓ improvｅd by ｗidｅr aｎd wider marginｓ， aｓevideｎcｅd by thｅfour ｃhiｌdren’s ｄecent dre ｓｓing, but ｔheir moｒａl sｅnsｅｓｔilｌｒｅmains sadly unｃhaｎgｅd ｏｒin some ｃases ｂeｃｏmｅs drａmatiｃalｌｙdowngraｄing． Mosｔpeo ｐlｅｍighｔ hａｖe becomｅｔoo mucｈ sｅlf－cｅnｔered, ａnｄｅvｅn worse， theｙdisｃarｄ thｅtrａdition of givｉng respect to the eｌdｅrly. Ｔhｅｙｎo longer ｃare for theｉr elderｓ， lｅt aｌone their neigｈborｓｏr thｅ disadｖantageｄ; insｔead they try everｙmeaｎｓto avoid r ｅｓponsiｂiｌｉty ｆｏr ｏｔｈer ｃitizens. Ｗhｅn one ｃares for ｏthｅrs，oｎe miｇht evｅn aｐpｅar stupiｄ or may evｅn ｂe ｄｉsｔruｓted．Therｅｆore，wｅｈave ｔo take soｍe ｕｓｅfｕl mｅaｓures to avoid the sｃene that iｓmｅntioｎeｄａbove. We ｍｕsｔ launｃh ａ variｅty of cａｍｐaigｎs about thｅｒeturn to ｔhe goｏd ｔｒａｄitｉon oｆ giviｎg heｌp and ｌove thｅ eldeｒlｙ. Moreｏver， we mｕst appｅａl to ｏur goveｒnmeｎｔto eｓtａblｉsh ｓome rｅlevａnt ｌaws to pｕnish those ｗho avoｉｄ tｈeir dutieｓ. The last buｔ not the leaｓｔ, ouｒ rｅspeｃt ｆor age is aｎｉndication of tｈｅ progｒｅss of human society，ａs imperａｔｉvｅｓｏｆ traditｉons requｉｒe．Ｗｅsinｃｅrely wish tｈat ｔｈｅold ｍan could ｂe welcome to anｙof the fｏur hoｕsehｏlds, eｌegaｎtly dressed，ａｎd ａ smilｅ on tｈｅ faｃｅ.2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题答案详解Section I Usｅ of English1. C 空格前讲的是，和动物相比，人的嗅觉常被认为不灵敏，空格后讲的是,…这主要是因为,…动物，我们是直立的。
英语考研2005真题答案
英语考研2005真题答案英语考研，即全国硕士研究生入学考试中的英语科目，是许多考研学生必须面对的挑战之一。
2005年的英语考研真题及其答案，对于准备考研的学生来说，是一份宝贵的学习资料。
以下是2005年英语考研真题的部分答案，供参考：阅读理解部分1. 第一篇阅读文章主要讨论了全球化对经济和文化的影响。
根据文章内容，第一题的正确答案是B，即全球化促进了国际贸易和文化交流。
2. 第二篇阅读文章探讨了教育的重要性及其在个人发展中的作用。
第二题的正确答案是C，指出教育是个人成长和社会发展的关键。
3. 第三篇阅读文章分析了环境保护的必要性和当前面临的挑战。
第三题的正确答案是A，强调了公众意识在环境保护中的重要性。
完形填空部分1. 第一空的正确答案是“achieved”，表示某人实现了某个目标。
2. 第五空的正确答案是“consequences”，指的是某个行为或决策可能带来的结果或影响。
3. 第十空的正确答案是“innovative”，用来形容一种新颖的或创新的方法或想法。
翻译部分1. 中文句子“我们应该尊重每个人的选择，无论他们的决定是否符合我们的期望。
”的英文翻译是“W e should respect everyone's choices, regardless of whether their decisions meet our expectations.”2. 中文句子“科技进步不仅改变了我们的生活方式，也极大地推动了社会的发展。
”的英文翻译是“Technological advancements havenot only changed our way of life but also greatly propelledthe development of society.”写作部分2005年的写作题目是关于“网络对教育的影响”，以下是一篇可能的范文：In recent years, the internet has become an integral part of our lives, and its impact on education is profound. Firstly, the internet provides a vast array of resources that were previously inaccessible. Students can now access a wealth of information and educational materials with just a few clicks, which greatly facilitates their learning process.Secondly, online learning platforms have made education more flexible and convenient. Students can learn at their own pace and on their own schedule, which is particularly beneficialfor those who need to balance work and study.However, the internet also poses some challenges to education. For instance, the abundance of information can sometimes be overwhelming, and students may struggle to discern reliablesources from unreliable ones. Additionally, the lack of face-to-face interaction in online learning can make it difficult for students to engage with their peers and instructors.In conclusion, while the internet has undoubtedly revolutionized education, it is important for educators and students alike to navigate its benefits and challenges effectively.请注意，以上内容仅为示例，具体的真题答案需要参考官方发布的资料或权威解析。
2005年考研英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2005年考研英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Use of English 2. Reading Comprehension 3. WritingSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 【B1】this is largely because, 【B2】animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 【B3】to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 【B4】the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, 【B5】, we are extremely sensitive to smells, 【B6】we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 【B7】human smells even when these are 【B8】to far below one part in one million. Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 【B9】others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 【B10】smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 【B11】to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell 【B12】can suddenly become sensitive to it when 【B13】to it often enough. The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 【B14】to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 【B15】new receptors if necessary. This may 【B16】explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells—we simply do not need to be. We are not 【B17】of the usual smell of our own house, but we 【B18】new smells when we visit someone else’s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 【B19】for unfamiliar and emergency signals 【B20】the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1．【B1】A．althoughB．asC．butD．while正确答案：C解析：逻辑关系判断。
2005年考研英语翻译真题解析
2005(46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed—and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe。
译文：电视是引发和传播这些感受的方式之一——在连接不同民族和国家之间的关系方面，电视以前也许还从来没有像在欧洲最近发生的事件中那样，起过如此重大的作用。
(47)In Europe, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.评析：这句话最难的地方在于几个小词的处理，我们翻译的标准不用做到信达雅，但是起码要像人话，如果翻完自己都觉得很不通顺，坚决不可将就，句子有不熟悉的词不可以把英语抄在译文中，那样老师会理直气壮地扣分。
我们要尽量结合上下文，把句子做到通顺。
难点：television，radio newspapers，magazines and publishing houses是并列关系，要翻成“电视台，电台，报社，杂志社和出版社”，因为最后一个词是出版社，其他的几个虽然是媒体，但是和后面的出版社成并列关系，所以必须翻译成机构。
重点：并列关系。
并列各项1.词类相同2.作者态度相同3.语法结构相同4.意思接近。
全句翻译：在欧洲，就像其它地方一样，各传媒集团越来越成功，整合了电视台，电台，报社，杂志社和出版社，并使之相互合作。
2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案解析
2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题及参考答案解析日常问候用语是考生必须熟练运用的知识，这与考生的口语操练有很大关系。
说促进听，是许多英语学习者的心得。
而且日常问候要视人而定，如英国人见面谈天气，美国人见面问身体等。
下面作详细介绍：1.问候类(Greetings)英语中的问候用语非常繁多，正式的通常有：How do you do?(初次见面通常用语)How are you?(比较熟悉的人之间用语)How are you getting along with...?(你近来...可好?)How are you doing?(您工作还顺利吧?)How is everything?(一切还好吧?)How is your vacation/holiday(s)/Christmas Day/weekend?(假期怎么样?)当今美国社会流行口语用语，大致有：What's up?(近来可忙?)Hello?Hi?What's going on?(近来可好?)How is life?How is it going?anything new?Pleased to meet you again!对以上问候的对答通常有How do you do!Fine!Thank you，and you?Every is fine!I'm just great!Very(quite)well，thank you!Couldn't be better，thank you!Not bad!Can't complain!Just so so.值得一提的是，随着美语越来越广泛地渗透，听力中用美语朗读且以美国社会为背景的题材的趋势愈加明显。
考生要注意日常口语对话，及时吸取信息，将对听力有很大的帮助。
请看下面的对话：A：Good morning, Ms Lucy. This is Betty, can you still remember me?B：Betty? Is it really? Surely I remember you. You are my good friend, and I haven??t seen you for ages, but how are you?A：Fine, I??m just fine, Ms Lucy...2.告别类(Farewell)有聚总有散。
2005年考研英语真题(英一二通用)-高清版含答案
2005年考研英语真题（英一二通用）-高清版Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)The human nose is an underrated tool.Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals,1this is largely because,2animals,we stand upright.This means that our noses are3to perceiving those smells which float through the air,4the majority of smells which stick to surfaces.In fact,5,we are extremely sensitive to smells,6we do not generally realize it.Our noses are capable of7human smells even when these are8to far below one part in one million.Strangely,some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another,9others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers.This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate10smell receptors in the nose.These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send11to the brain.However,it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell12can suddenly become sensitive to it when13to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that the brain finds it14to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can15new receptors if necessary.This may16explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells–we simply do not need to be.We are not17of the usual smell of our own house,but we18new smells when we visit someone else’s.The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors19for unfamiliar and emergency signals20the smell of smoke,which might indicate the danger of fire.1.[A]although[B]as[C]but[D]while2.[A]above[B]unlike[C]excluding[D]besides3.[A]limited[B]committed[C]dedicated[D]confined4.[A]catching[B]ignoring[C]missing[D]tracking5.[A]anyway[B]though[C]instead[D]therefore6.[A]even if[B]if only[C]only if[D]as if7.[A]distinguishing[B]discovering[C]determining[D]detecting8.[A]diluted[B]dissolved[C]dispersed[D]diffused9.[A]when[B]since[C]for[D]whereas10.[A]unusual[B]particular[C]unique[D]typical11.[A]signs[B]stimuli[C]messages[D]impulses12.[A]at first[B]at all[C]at large[D]at times13.[A]subjected[B]left[C]drawn[D]exposed14.[A]ineffective[B]incompetent[C]inefficient[D]insufficient15.[A]introduce[B]summon[C]trigger[D]create16.[A]still[B]also[C]otherwise[D]nevertheless17.[A]sure[B]sick[C]aware[D]tired18.[A]tolerate[B]repel[C]neglect[D]notice19.[A]available[B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable20.[A]similar to[B]such as[C]along with[D]aside fromSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B, C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Indeed,if he has a reputation for slacking,you might even be outraged.Such behaviour is regarded as“all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta,Georgia,which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey,as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys.They look cute.They are good-natured,co-operative creatures,and they share their food readily.Above all,like their female human counterparts,they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of“goods and services”than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr.Brosnan’s and Dr.de Waal’s study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food.Normally,the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.However,when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers,so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock,their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods(and much preferable to cucumbers).So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token,the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all,the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber,or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.Indeed,the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber(without an actual monkey to eat it)was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys,like humans,are guided by social emotions.In the wild,they are a co-operative,group-living species.Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation,it seems,are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.However,whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had35million years ago,is,as yet,an unanswered question.21.In the opening paragraph,the author introduces his topic by[A]posing a contrast.[B]justifying an assumption.[C]making a comparison.[D]explaining a phenomenon.22.The statement“it is all too monkey”(Last line,Paragraph l)implies that[A]monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.[B]resenting unfairness is also monkeys’nature.[C]monkeys,like humans,tend to be jealous of each other.[D]no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.23.Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probablybecause they are[A]more inclined to weigh what they get.[B]attentive to researchers’instructions.[C]nice in both appearance and temperament.[D]more generous than their male companions.24.Dr.Brosnan and Dr.de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys[A]prefer grapes to cucumbers.[B]can be taught to exchange things.[C]will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.[D]are unhappy when separated from others.25.What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A]Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B]Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C]Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D]Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.Text2Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure?That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain?That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?Lots of Americans bought that nonsense,and over three decades,some10million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today,as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming.The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences,enlisted by the White House,to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves.The president of the National Academy,Bruce Alberts,added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report:“Science never has all the answers.But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future,and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking,voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete,that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.This is a dangerous game:by the time100percent of the evidence is in,it may be too late.With the risks obvious and growing,a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately,the White House is starting to pay attention.But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously.Instead of a plan of action,they continue to press for more research–a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet,we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research.But research alone is inadequate.If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative,Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures.A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia,which would offer financial incentives for private industry,is a promising start.Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs.If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere,it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.本资料由微信公众号-世纪高教在线-整理并免费分享 答案解析请参考-考研英语黄皮书26.An argument made by supporters of smoking was that[A]there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death.[B]the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant.[C]people had the freedom to choose their own way of life.[D]antismoking people were usually talking nonsense.27.According to Bruce Alberts,science can serve as[A]a protector.[B]a judge.[C]a critic.[D]a guide.28.What does the author mean by“paralysis by analysis”(Last line,Paragraph4)?[A]Endless studies kill action.[B]Careful investigation reveals truth.[C]Prudent planning hinders progress.[D]Extensive research helps decision-making.29.According to the author,what should theAdministration do about global warming?[A]Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.[B]Raise public awareness of conservation.[C]Press for further scientific research.[D]Take some legislative measures.30.The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because[A]they both suffered from the government’s negligence.[B]a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former.[C]the outcome of the latter aggravates the former.[D]both of them have turned from bad to worse.Text3Of all the components of a good night’s sleep,dreams seem to be least within our control.In dreams,a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak.A century ago,Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears;by the late1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just“mental noise”–the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat,regulating moods while the brain is“off-line.”And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control,to help us sleep and feel better.“It’s your dream,”says Rosalind Cartwright,chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center.“If you don’t like it, change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view.The brain is as active during REM(rapid eye movement)sleep–when most vivid dreams occur–as it is when fully awake,says Dr.Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.But not all parts of the brain are equally involved;the limbic system(the“emotional brain”)is especially active,while the prefrontal cortex(the center of intellect and reasoning)is relatively quiet.“We wake up from dreams happy or depressed,and those feelings can stay with us all day.”says Stanford sleep researcher Dr.William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic.Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening,suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events–until,it appears,we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious.Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams.As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream.Visualize how you would like it to end instead;the next time it occurs,try to wake up just enough to control its course.With much practice people can learn to,literally,do it in their sleep.At the end of the day,there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or“we wake up in a panic,”Cartwright says. Terrorism,economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety.Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist.For the rest of us,the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep–or rather dream–on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.31.Researchers have come to believe that dreams[A]can be modified in their courses.[B]are susceptible to emotional changes.[C]reflect our innermost desires and fears.[D]are a random outcome of neural repairs.32.By referring to the limbic system,the author intends to show[A]its function in our dreams.[B]the mechanism of REM sleep.[C]the relation of dreams to emotions.[D]its difference from the prefrontal cortex.33.The negative feelings generated during the day tend to[A]aggravate in our unconscious mind.[B]develop into happy dreams.[C]persist till the time we fall asleep.[D]show up in dreams early at night.34.Cartwright seems to suggest that[A]waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams.[B]visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control.[C]dreams should be left to their natural progression.[D]dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious.35.What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have bad dreams?[A]Lead your life as usual.[B]Seek professional help.[C]Exercise conscious control.[D]Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text4Americans no longer expect public figures,whether in speech or in writing,to command the English language with skill and gift.Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.In his latest book,Doing Our Own Thing:The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should Like,Care,John McWhorter,a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views,sees the triumph of1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive1960s is nothing new,but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education.Mr.McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change,and he sees the gradual disappearance of“whom”,for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal,“doing our own thing”,has spelt the death of formal speech,writing,poetry and music.While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the1960s,even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page.Equally,in poetry,the highly personal,performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness.In both oral and written English,talking is triumphing over speaking,spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr.McWhorter documents is unmistakable.But it is less clear,to take the question of his subtitle,why we should,like,care.As a linguist,he acknowledges that all varieties of human language,including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive–there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.He is not arguing,as many do,that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads,while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers.Mr.McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary,and proposes no radical education reforms–he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful.We now take our English“on paper plates instead of china”.A shame, perhaps,but probably an inevitable one.36.According to Mc Whorter,the decline of formal English[A]is inevitable in radical education reforms.[B]is but all too natural in language development.[C]has caused the controversy over the counter-culture.[D]brought about changes in public attitudes in the1960s.37.The word“talking”(Line6,Paragraph3)denotes[A]modesty.[B]personality.[C]liveliness.[D]informality.38.To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?[A]Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.[B]Black English can be more expressive than standard English.[C]Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.[D]Of all the varieties,standard English can best convey complex ideas.39.The description of Russians’love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s[A]interest in their language.[B]appreciation of their efforts.[C]admiration for their memory.[D]contempt for their old-fashionedness.40.According to the last paragraph,“paper plates”is to“china”as[A]“temporary”is to“permanent”.[B]“radical”is to“conservative”.[C]“functional”is to“artistic”.[D]“humble”is to“noble”.Part BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions 41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments),if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting,might spare a moment to do something,together,to reduce health-care costs.(42)____________________But “national”doesn’t have to mean that.“National”could mean interprovincial –provinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way,one benefit of a “national”organization would be to negotiate better prices,if possible,with drug manufacturers.Instead of having one province –or a series of hospitals within a province –negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list,the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making.They (particularly Quebec and Alberta)just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few,if any,strings attached.That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere,while drug costs keep rising fast.(41)____________________What to do?Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care –to say nothing of reports from other experts –recommended the creation of a national drug agency.Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs,bureaucracy,procedures and limited bargaining power,all would pool resources,work with Ottawa,and create a national institution.Rather than,say,Quebec,negotiating on behalf of seven million people,the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31million people.Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers,the higher the likelihood of a better price.They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets,the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.(43)___________________A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-ordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment,funded by Ottawa and the provinces.Under it,a Common Drug Review recommends toprovincial lists which new drugs should be included.Predictably,and regrettably,Quebec refused to join.(44)____________________Premiers love to quote Mr.Romanow’s report selectively,especially the parts about more federal money.Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs ：“A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to try to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C]What does “national”mean?Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby continue to increase faster than government revenues.[E]According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information,prescription drug run it,starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication,save administrative costs,prevent one province from being played off against another,and bargain for better drug prices.[G]Of course,the pharmaceutical companies will scream.They like divided buyers;they can lobby better that way.They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another.They can hope that,if one province includes a drug on its list,the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs.They wouldn’t like a national agency,but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.(45)____________________So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list,they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[A]Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology.One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University.Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3per cent to 26.8per cent![B]Or they could read Mr.Kirby’s report:“The substantial buying power of recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.[D]The problem is simple and stark:health-care costs have been,are,and will costs have risen since 1997at twice the rate of overall health-care spending.Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments.Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds.Part of it is higher prices.[F]So,if the provinces want to run the health-care show,they should prove they canPart CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10points)Moreover,the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.In order to achieve these objectives,we must concentrate more on co-productions,the exchange of news,documentary services and training.This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which,on the model of the European Investments Bank,will handle the finances necessary for production costs.(50)In dealing with a challenge on such a scale,it is no exaggeration to say,“United we stand,divided we fall”–and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.”A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.Clearly,only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market.(48)This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in,a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks,no less than 50%took a loss in 1989.It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history.History and news become confused,and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism.(46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed –and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples,their cultures and national identities.With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene.(47)In Europe,as elsewhere,multi-media groups have been increasingly successful;groups which bring together television,radio,newspapers,magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group,while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind.(49)Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice –that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market,whoseprograms relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs&Fashions. But now you find that the work is not what you expected.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss,Mr.Wang,telling him your decision,stating your reason(s),and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than100words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter;use“Li Ming”instead. You do not need to write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160–200words based on the following drawing.In your essay, you should first describe the drawing,then interpret its meaning,and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)2005年全真试题答案Section Ⅰ Use of English1.C2.B3.A4.C5.B6.A7.D8.A9.D 10.B11.C 12.A 13.D 14.C 15.D 16.B 17.C 18.D 19.A 20.B Section Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1 21.C 22.B 23.A 24.C 25.BText 2 26.C 27.D 28.A 29.D 30.BText 3 31.A 32.C 33.D 34.D 35.AText 4 36.B 37.D 38.A 39.B 40.CPart B41.E 42.C 43.G 44.F 45.BPart C46.电视是引发并传达这些情绪的方式之一，在加强不同民族和国家间的联系方面，或许它从未像在近来欧洲事务中那样起过如此大的作用。
【考研必备】2005年考研英语真题及解析
[日期] 2 005 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1 (10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which float through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, 5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells, 6 we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of 7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one million.Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11to the brain. However, it has been found that even peopleinsensitive to a certain smell12 can suddenly become sensitive to it when 13to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it 14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells —we simply do not need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house, but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else’s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 .[A] although .[A] above [B] as [C] but [D] while[B] unlike [B] committed [B] ignoring [B] though [B] if only [C] excluding [C] dedicated [C] missing [C] instead [C] only if [D] besides[D] confined[D] tracking[D] therefore[D] as if.[A] limited .[A] catching .[A] anyway .[A] even if .[A]distinguishing [B] discovering [C] determining [D] detecting.[A] diluted .[A] when [B] dissolved [B] since [C] dispersed [C] for [D] diffused[D] whereas[D] typical0.[A] unusual 1.[A] signs [B] particular [B] stimuli [B] at all [C] unique [C] messages [C] at large [C] drawn [D] impulses[D] at times[D] exposed[D] insufficient2.[A] at first3.[A] subjected [B] left4.[A] ineffective [B] incompetent [C] inefficient1 1 1 27.[A]sure[B]sick[C]aware[C]neglect[D]tired[D]notice8.[A]tolerate9.[A]available0.[A]similar to[B]repel[B]reliable[C]identifiable[D]suitable[B]such as[C]along with[D]aside fromSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(40points)Text1Everybody loves a fat pay rise.Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one.Indeed,if he has a reputation for slacking,you might even be outraged.Such behaviour is regarded as“all too human”,with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance.But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta,Georgia,which has just been published in Nature,suggests that it is all too monkey,as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys.They look cute.They are good-natured,co-operative creatures,andthey share their food readily.Above all,like their female human counterparts,they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of“goods and services”than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr.Brosnan’s and Dr.de Waal’s study.The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food.Normally,the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber.However,when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers,so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock,their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods(and much preferable to cucumbers).So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token,the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber.And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all,the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber,or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber(without an actual monkey to eat it)was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys,like humans,are guided by social emotions.In the wild,they are a co-operative,group-living species.Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.Feelings of righteous indignation,it seems,are not the preserve of people alone.Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group.However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans,or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had35million years ago,is,as yet,an unanswered question.21.In the opening paragraph,the author introduces his topic by________.[ [ [ [A]posing a contrastB]justifying an assumptionC]making a comparisonD]explaining a phenomenon22.The statement“it is all too monkey”(Last line,Paragraph l)implies that________.[ [ [ [A]monkeys are also outraged by slack rivalsB]resenting unfairness is also monkeys’natureC]monkeys,like humans,tend to be jealous of each otherD]no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions23.Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are________.[A]more inclined to weigh what they get[B]attentive to researchers’instructions[C]nice in both appearance and temperament[D]more generous than their male companions24.Dr.Brosnan and Dr.de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys________.[ [ [ [A]prefer grapes to cucumbersB]can be taught to exchange thingsC]will not be co-operative if feeling cheatedD]are unhappy when separated from others25.What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A]Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B]Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C]Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D]Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.Text2Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure?That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain?That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?Lots of Americans bought that nonsense,and over three decades,some10million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today,as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming.The latestwas a panel from the National Academy of Sciences,enlisted by the White House,to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves.The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts,added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report:“Science never has all the answers.But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future,and it is critical that our nation and the worldbase important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking,voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete,that it’s OK to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.This is a dangerous game:by the time100percent of the evidence is in,it may be too late.With the risks obvious and growing,a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately,the White House is starting to pay attention.But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously.Instead of a plan of action,they continue to press for more research—a classic case of“paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet,we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research.But research alone is inadequate.If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative,Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures.A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia,which would offer financial incentives for private industry,is a promising start.Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs.If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere,it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.26.An argument made by supporters of smoking was that________.[ [ [ [A]there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and deathB]the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificantC]people had the freedom to choose their own way of lifeD]antismoking people were usually talking nonsense27.According to Bruce Alberts,science can serve as________.[ [ [ [A]a protectorB]a judgeC]a criticD]a guide28.What does the author mean by“paralysis by analysis”(Last line,Paragraph4)?[ [ [ [A]Endless studies kill action.B]Careful investigation reveals truth.C]Prudent planning hinders progress.D]Extensive research helps decision-making.29.According to the author,what should the Administration do about global warming?[A]Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.[B]Raise public awareness of conservation.[C]Press for further scientific research.[D]Take some legislative measures.30.The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because______.[A]they both suffered from the government’s negligenceB]a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former[[C]the outcome of the latter aggravates the formerD]both of them have turned from bad to worse[Text3Of all the components of a good night’s sleep,dreams seem to be least within our control.In dreams,a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak.A century ago,Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears;by the late 1970s,neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just“mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep.Now researcherssuspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat,regulating moods while the brain is“off-line.”And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control,to help us sleep and feel better.“It’s your dream,”says Rosalind Cartwright,chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center.“If you don’t like it,change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view.The brain is as active during REM(rapid eye movement) sleep—when most vivid dreams occur—as it is when fully awake,says Dr.Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh.But not all parts of the brain are equally involved;the limbic system(the“emotional brain”)is especially active,while the prefrontal cortex(the center of intellect and reasoning)is relatively quiet.“We wake up from dreams happy or depressed,and those feelings can stay with us all day.”says Stanford sleep researcher Dr.William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions shows up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic.Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night,progressing toward happier ones before awakening,suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events—until,it appears,we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious.Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams.As soon as you awaken,identify what is upsetting about the dream.Visualize how you would like it to end instead;the next time it occurs,try to wake up just enough to control its course.With much practice people can learn to,literally,do it in their sleep.At the end of the day,there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or“we wake up in a panic,”Cartwright says.Terrorism,economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety.Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist.For the rest of us,the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings.Sleep—or rather dream—on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.31.Researchers have come to believe that dreams________.[ [ [A]can be modified in their coursesB]are susceptible to emotional changesC]reflect our innermost desires and fears[D]are a random outcome of neural repairs32.By referring to the limbic system,the author intends to show________.[ [ [ [A]its function in our dreamsB]the mechanism of REM sleepC]the relation of dreams to emotionsD]its difference from the prefrontal cortex33.The negative feelings generated during the day tend to________.[ [ [ [A]aggravate in our unconscious mindB]develop into happy dreamsC]persist till the time we fall asleepD]show up in dreams early at night34.Cartwright seems to suggest that________.[A]waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams[B]visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control[C]dreams should be left to their natural progression[D]dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious35.What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have bad dreams?[ [ [ [A]Lead your life as usual.B]Seek professional help.C]Exercise conscious control.D]Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text4Americans no longer expect public figures,whether in speech or in writing,to command the Englishlanguage with skill and gift.Nor do they aspire to such command themselves.In his latest book,Doing Our Own Thing:The Degradation of language and Music and Why We Should Like,Care,John McWhorter,a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views,sees the triumph of1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive1960s is nothing new,but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education.Mr.McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change,and he sees the gradual disappearance of“whom”,for example,to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal,“doing our own thing”,has spelt the death of formal speech, writing,poetry and music.While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the1960s,even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page.Equally,in poetry,the highly personal,performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English,talking is triumphing over speaking,spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture,the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable.But it is less clear,to take the question of his subtitle,why we should, like,care.As a linguist,he acknowledges that all varieties of human language,including non-standard ones like Black English,can be powerfully expressive—there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas.He is not arguing,as many do,that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper. Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers.Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary,and proposes no radical education reforms—he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful.We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”.A shame,perhaps,but probably an inevitable one.6.According to McWhorter,the decline of formal English________.3[ [ [ [A]is inevitable in radical education reformsB]is but all too natural in language developmentC]has caused the controversy over the counter-cultureD]brought about changes in public attitudes in the1960s37.The word“talking”(Line6,Paragraph3)denotes________.[ [ [ [A]modestyB]personalityC]livelinessD]informality38.To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?[A]Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.[B]Black English can be more expressive than standard English.[C]Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.[D]Of all the varieties,standard English can best convey complex ideas.39.The description of Russians’love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s________.[ [ [ [A]interest in their languageB]appreciation of their effortsC]admiration for their memoryD]contempt for their old-fashionedness40.According to the last paragraph,“paper plates”is to“china”as________.[A]“temporary”is to“permanent”[B]“radical”is to“conservative”[C]“functional”is to“artistic”[D]“humble”is to“noble”Part BDirections:In the following text,some sentences have been removed.For Questions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)Canada’s premiers(the leaders of provincial governments),if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting,might spare a moment to do something,together,to reduce health-care costs.They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets,the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.(41)____________What to do?Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care—to say nothing of reports from other experts—recommended the creation of a national drug agency.Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs,bureaucracy,procedures and limited bargaining power,all would pool resources, work with Ottawa,and create a national institution.(42)_____________But“national”doesn’t have to mean that.“National”could mean interprovincial—provinces combining effortsto create one body.Either way,one benefit of a“national”organization would be to negotiate better prices,if possible,with drug manufacturers.Instead of having one province—or a series of hospitals within a province—negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list,the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than,say,Quebec,negotiating on behalf of seven million people,the national agency would negotiate on behalf of31million people.Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers,the higher the likelihood of a better price.(43)_____________A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Co-ordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment,funded by Ottawa and the provinces.Under it,a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included.Predictably,and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making.They(particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few,if any,strings attached.That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere,while drug costskeep rising fast.(44)_____________Premiers love to quote Mr.Romanow’s report selectively,especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs:“A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”(45)_____________So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list,they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent![ B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”C] What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at [ [ [ twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.[G] Of course, the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one provinceincludes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others toinclude it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. (46)Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed —and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene. (47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful; groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group, while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind.Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. (48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 5 0% took a loss in 1989.Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.(49)Creating a“European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice—that of producing programs in Europe for Europe.This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market,whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.In order to achieve these objectives,we must concentrate more on co-productions,the exchange of news, documentary services and training.This also involves the agreements between European countries for thecreation of a European bank for Television Production which,on the model of the European Investments Bank,will handle the finances necessary for production costs.(50)In dealing with a challenge on such a scale,it is no exaggeration to say,“United we stand,divided we fall”—and if I had to choose a slogan it would be“Unity in our diversity.”A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.Section III WritingPart A51.Directions:Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs&Fashions.But now you find that the work is not what you expected.You decide to quit.Write a letter to your boss,Mr.Wang,telling him your decision,stating your reason(s),and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than100words.Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter;use“Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address.(10points)Part B52.Directions:Write an essay of160-200words based on the following drawing.In your essay,you should first describe the drawing,then interpret its meaning,and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析这是一篇科普性说明文，文章主要介绍了人类嗅觉的特点及原因。
2005年考研英语阅读理解部分翻译
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3
幸运的是，白宫开始关注这件事了。但是显然大多数总统顾问并没有认真看 待全球气候变暖这个问题。他们没有出台行动计划，相反只是继续迫切要求进行 更多的研究――这是一个经典的“分析导致麻痹案例” 。 为了成为地球上有责任心的一员， 我们必须积极推进对于大气和海洋的深入 研究。但只有研究是不够的。如果政府不争取立法上的主动权，国会就应该帮助 政府开始采取保护措施。弗吉尼亚的民主党议员 RobertByrd 提出一项议案，从 经济上激励私企，就是一个良好的开端。许多人看到这个国家正准备修建许多新 的发电厂，以满足我们的能源需求。如果我们准备保护大气，关键要让这些新发 电厂对环境无害。 26. 支持吸烟者提出的论点是 A 没有科学依据证明吸烟和死亡之间有关系 B 过去几十年吸烟者的死亡数字毫无意义 C 人们有选择自己生活方式的自由 D 反对吸烟的人们总是讲些无聊的话 27. 在 Bruce Alberts 看来，科学可以充当 A 保护着 B 审判员 C 批评家 D 指导者 28. 作者提出”paralysis by analysis“（第四段最后一行）是什么意思 A 无休止的研究扼杀了行动 B 仔细的调查会揭示真相 C 谨慎的计划阻碍了进步 D 广泛的研究有助于制定决策 29. 在作者看来，政府应该采取何种措施来应对全球变暖的问题？ A 为建造更清洁的发电厂提供帮助 B 提高公众的环保意识 C 加强进一步的科学研究 D 采取一些立法措施 30. 作者将全球变暖与吸烟的问题联系起来是因为 A 两个问题都被政府忽略了 B 吸烟问题的教训也适用于全球变暖问题 C 吸烟问题的结果使全球变暖问题变得更加严重 D 两者都变得更糟糕了 2016 硕 士 研 究 生 入 学 考 试 但为君故
但为君故系列
A 它在我们梦中发挥的作用 B 快速动眼睡眠机制 C 梦与情绪的关系 D 它与前额皮层额不同 33. 白天产生的负面情绪往往 A 在我们的潜意识中加剧 B 发展成高兴的梦 C 持续到我们入睡 D 在刚入睡的梦中显现出来 34. Cartwright 似乎在说明 A 及时醒过来对摆脱噩梦是很重要的 B 想象噩梦有助于我们控制噩梦 C 应该让梦自然推进 D 做梦也许不完全属于无意识行为 35. Cartwright 会给有时候做噩梦的人提什么建议 A 像平常一样生活 B 寻求专业人士的帮助 C 练习有意识地控制 D 避免在白天产生焦虑
2005年英语一真题翻译
2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题文章翻译SectionⅠUseofEnglish人的鼻子是一种被低估的工具。
常常被认为人的嗅觉不如动物灵敏，然而这主要是因为我们是直立的，和动物不同。
这就意味着我们的鼻子只限于感知在空气中飘过的气味，而无法察觉大部分粘附在物体表面的气味。
然而，实际上，我们对气味非常敏感，即使我们通常意识不到这一点。
即使把人类的气味稀释到不及原来的百万分之一，我们的鼻子仍然可以察觉到。
奇怪的是，有些人发现他们可以闻出一种花的味道，却闻不出另一种，有些人则对两种花都很敏感。
这可能是因为有些人缺少一种基因，这种基因能够在鼻子里产生某种特定的气味接收器。
这些接收器是一些可以感知气味并向大脑发送信息的细胞。
但也发现即使有些人开始对某种气味不敏感，经常接触后，也会突然变得敏感起来。
对气味不敏感的原因可能是：大脑发现，让所有的气味接收器始终工作效率太低，但是，在需要时大脑仍可以产生新的接收器，这也可以解释为为什么我们总是对自己的气味不敏感——不过是不需要而已。
我们察觉不到自己家里惯有的气味，但是当我们拜访其他人的家时，就会注意到不熟悉的气味。
大脑发现最好的方法就是利用气味接收器来接收不熟悉的或紧急的信号。
例如烟的气味，这种气味可能预示着火灾的危险。
SectionIIReadingComprehensionPartAText1人人都喜欢丰厚的加薪。
然而，当你得知一位同事的加薪比你还要高时，你的快乐可能会烟消云散。
的确，如果他还有偷懒的名声，你甚至可能会愤怒了。
这种行为被认为是“人之常情”。
其潜在的意思也就是，其它的动物不会拥有如此微妙的不平之感。
然而《自然》杂志新近发表的一篇由佐治亚洲亚特兰大Emory 大学的SarahBrosnan和FransdeWaal博士的调查则表明“愤愤不平”也是“猴之常情”。
研究人员研究雌性棕色卷尾猴的行为。
它们长得可爱，性情温和，懂得合作并且喜欢分享它们的食物。
2005年考研英语真题及解析
Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
2005年考研英语试题及答案（2）
Text 2Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would killus but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report “Science never has all the answers But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. this is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now. Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research-a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry is a promising start Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was thatA. there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death.B. the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant.C. people had the freedom to choose their own way of life.D. antismoking people were usually talking nonsense.27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve asA. a protector.B. a judge.C. a critic.D. a guide.28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, paragraph 4)A. Endless studies kill action.B. Careful investigation reveals truth.C. prudent planning hinders.D. Extensive research helps decision-making.29. According to the author, what should the Administration do aboutA. Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.B. Raise public awareness of conservation.C. Press for further scientific research.D. Take some legislative measures.30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking becauseA. they both suffered from the government's negligence.B. a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former.C. the outcome of the latter aggravates the former.D. both of them have turned from bad to worse.Text 3Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and rears, by the late 1970s. neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise” the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line”And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, “It's your dream” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago's Medical Center. “If you don't like it , change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep-when most vivid dreams occur-as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved, the limbic system (the “emotional brain”)is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy of depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr, William Dement.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead, the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of “we wake u in a panic,” Cartwright says Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning.31. Researchers have come to believe that dreamsA. can be modified in their courses.B. are susceptible to emotional changes.C. reflect our innermost desires and fears.D. are a random outcome of neural repairs.32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to showA. its function in our dreams.B. the mechanism of REM sleep.C. the relation of dreams to emotions.D. its difference from the prefrontal cortex.33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend toA. aggravate in our unconscious mind.B. develop into happy dreams.C. persist till the time we fall asleep.D. show up in dreams early at night.34.Cartwright seems to suggest thatA. waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams.B. visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under con troll.C. dreams should be left to their natural progression.D. dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious.35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?A. lead your life as usual.B. Seek professional help.C. Exercise conscious control.D. Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text 4American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing. The Degradation of language and Music and why we should like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960scounter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing”, has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms-he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.36. According to Mc Whorter, the decline of formal EnglishA. is inevitable in radical education reforms.B. is but all too natural in language development.C. has caused the controversy over the counter-culture.D. brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s.37. The word “talking” (Linge6, paragraph3) denotesA. modesty.B. personality.C. liveliness.D. informality.38. To which of the following statements would Mc Whorter most likely agree?A. Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.B. Black English can be more expressive than standard English.C. Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.D. Of all the varieties, standard English Can best convey complex ideas.39. The description of Russians' love of memorizing poetry shows the author'sA. interest in their language.B. appreciation of their efforts.C. admiration for their memory.D. contempt for their old-fashionedness.40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” asA. “temporary” is to “permanent”.B. “radical” is to “conservative”.C. “functional” is to “artistic”.D. “humble” is to “noble”.。
2005年硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案
2005年硕士研究生考试英语真题及答案[ 作者: 转自: 浏览:883 ]【大小】【评论】【打印】【关闭】Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numb ered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1(10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, 1 this is largely because, 2 animals ,we stand upright. This means that our noses are 3 to perceiving those smells which f loat through the air, 4 the majority of smells which stickto surfaces. In fact5 , we are extremely sensitive to smells,6 we do not g enerally realize it. Our noses are capable of7 human smells even when these are 8 to far below one part in one mill ion.Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, 9 others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate 10 smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send 11 to the brain. However, it has been found that evenpeople insensitive to a certain smell 12 can suddenly bec ome sensitive to it when 13 to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it14 to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can 15 new receptors if necessary. This may 16 explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply donot need to be. We are not 17 of the usual smell of our own house but we 18 new smells when we visit someone else's. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors 19 for unfamiliar and emergency signals 20 the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1. ［A］although ［B］as ［C］but ［D］while2. ［A］above ［B］unlike ［C］excluding ［D］besides3. ［A］limited ［B］committed ［C］dedicated ［D］confined4. ［A］catching ［B］ignoring ［C］missing ［D］tracking5. ［A］anyway ［B］though ［C］instead ［D］therefore6. ［A］even if ［B］if only ［C］only if ［D］as if7. ［A］distinguishing［B］discovering ［C］determining［D］detecti ng8. ［A］diluted ［B］dissolved ［C］determining［D］diffused9. ［A］when ［B］since ［C］for ［D］whereas10. ［A］unusual ［B］particular ［C］unique ［D］typical11. ［A］signs ［B］stimuli ［C］messages ［D］impulses12. ［A］at first ［B］at all ［C］at large ［D］at times13. ［A］subjected ［B］left ［C］drawn ［D］exposed14. ［A］ineffective ［B］incompetent ［C］inefficient［D］insuffici ent15. ［A］introduce ［B］summon ［C］trigger ［D］create16. ［A］still ［B］also ［C］otherwise ［D］nevertheless17. ［A］sure ［B］sick ［C］aware ［D］tired18. ［A］tolerate ［B］repel ［C］neglect ［D］notice19. ［A］availabe ［B］reliable［C］identifiable［D］suitable20. ［A］similar to［B］such as ［C］along with ［D］aside from Section ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text b y choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1(4 0 points)Text 1Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish i f you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if h e has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such beh aviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the unde rlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of E mory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin mo nkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, a nd they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human co unterparts, they tend to pa y much closer attention to the value of “goo ds and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect ca ndidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de waal's; study. The researchers sp ent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Nor mally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in sepa rate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the otherwas getting in return for its rock, their became markedly different.In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much prefe rable to cucumbers) So when one monkey was handed a grape in exch ange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having t o provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to ;accept t he slice of cucumber Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the othe r chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to reduce resentment in a female capuchin.The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guid ed by social emotions, in the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species, Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each anim al feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it se ems, are not the preserve of people alone, Refusing a lesser reward co mpletely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of th e group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independe ntly in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems form the common a ncestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unans wered question.21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic byA. posing a contrast.B. justifying an assumption.C. making a comparison.D. explaining a phenomenon.22. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, paragraph l) impli es thatA. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.B. resenting unfairness is also monkeys' nature.C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other.D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.23.Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probab ly because they areA. more inclined to weigh what they get.B. attentive to researchers' ins tructions.C. nice in both appearance and temperament.D. more generous than the ir male companions24.Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study t hat the monkeysA. prefer grapes to cucumbers.B. can be taught to exchange things.C. will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.D. are unhappy when sep arated from others.25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.D. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.Text 2Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoki ng would killus but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evi dence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lo bby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should sta y out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over t hree decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after an other try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The l atest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is definitely wa rming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel's report “Science never has all the answers But science do es provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is criti cal that out nation and the world base important policies on the best j udgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking voices now come from many quarters insisting th at the science about global warming is incomplete, that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. this is a dangerou s game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. With the risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obv ious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global w arming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press fo r more research-a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forwar d on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research But research alone is in adequate. If the Administration won't take the legislative initiative, Con gress should help to beginfashioning conservation measures A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for priva te industry is a promising start Many see that the country is getting re ady to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If w e are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was thatA. there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death.B. the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insi gnificant.C. people had the freedom to choose their own way of life.D. antismoking people were usually talking nonsense.27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve asA. a protector.B. a judge.C. a critic.D. a guide.28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis” (Last line, paragraph 4)A. Endless studies kill action.B. Careful investigation reveals truth.C. prudent planning hinders.D. Extensive research helps decision-making.29. According to the author, what should the Administration do aboutA. Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.B. Raise public awareness o f conservation.C. Press for further scientific research.D. Take some legislative measur es.30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of sm oking becauseA. they both suffered from the government's negligence.B. a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former.C. the outcome of the latter aggravates the former.D. both of them have turned from bad to worse.Text 3Of all the components of a good night's sleep, dreams seem to be le ast within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud form ulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and rears, by the late 1970s. neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise” the random b yproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now res earchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind's emotional thermosta t, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line” And one leading autho rity says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only h arnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better, “It's your dream” says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of p sychology at Chicago's Medical Center. “If you don't like it , change i t.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as acti ve during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep-when most vivid dreams o ccur-as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved, th e limbic system (the “emotional brain”)is especial ly active, while the p refrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quie t. “We wake up from dreams happy of depressed, and those feelings c an stay with us all day” says Stanford sleep researcher Dr, William D ement.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright beli eves one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visua lize how you would like it to end instead, the next time is occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice peo ple can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of “we wake u in a panic,” Cartwright says Terrorism, economic uncertainties and ge neral feelings of insecurity have increased people's anxiety. Those suffe ring from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist For t he rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep-or rather dream-on it and you'll feel better in the morning.31. Researchers have come to believe that dreamsA. can be modified in their courses.B. are susceptible to emotional cha nges.C. reflect our innermost desires and fears.D. are a random outcome of neural repairs.32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to showA. its function in our dreams.B. the mechanism of REM sleep.C. the relation of dreams to emotions.D. its difference from the prefro ntal cortex.33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend toA. aggravate in our unconscious mind.B. develop into happy dreams.C. persist till the time we fall asleep.D. show up in dreams early at ni ght.34.Cartwright seems to suggest thatA. waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams.B. visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under con troll.C. dreams should be left to their natural progression.D. dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious.35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?A. lead your life as usual.B. Seek professional help.C. Exercise conscious control.D. Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text 4American no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in w riting, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do th ey aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing. The Degradation of language and Music and why we sho uld like, care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960scounter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thin g”, has spelt the death of formal speech, wr iting, poetry and music. W hile even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they pu t pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking i s triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we shou ld, like care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of huma n language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be po werfully expressive-there exists no language or dialect in the world tha t cannot convey complex ideas He is not arguing, as many do, that w e can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large c hunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-sp eakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictl y necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms-he is really grie ving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now t ake our English “on paper plates instead of china”. A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.36. According to Mc Whorter, the decline of formal EnglishA. is inevitable in radical education reforms.B. is but all too natural in language development.C. has caused the controversy over the counter-culture.D. brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s.37. The word “talking” (Linge6, paragraph3) denotesA. modesty.B. personality.C. liveliness.D. informality.38. To which of the following statements would Mc Whorter most like ly agree?A. Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.B. Black English can be more expressive than standard English.C. Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.D. Of all the varieties, standard English Can best convey complex ideas.39. The description of Russians' love of memorizing poetry shows the author'sA. interest in their language.B. appreciation of their efforts.C. admiration for their memory.D. contempt for their old-fashionedness.40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates” is to “china” asA. “temporary” is to “permanent”.B. “radical” is to “conservative”.C. “functional” is to “artistic”.D. “humble” is to “noble”.Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have removed. For Questions 41-45, choosethe most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into of the numbered bl ank thereare two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers onANSWER SHEET1. (10 points)Canada's premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they hav e any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July ann ual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, to reduce health-care costs.They're all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.41.What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care-to say nothing of reports from other experts recommen ded the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province h aving its own list of approved drugs , bureaucracy, procedures and lim ited bargaining power, all would pool resources ,work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.42.But “national” doesn't have to mean that. “National” could mean interp rovincial-provinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way, one benefit of a “national” organization would be to neg otiate better prices, if possible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of hav ing one province-or a series of hospitals within a province-negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency woul d negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million peo ple, the national agency would negotiate on behalf 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.43.A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency wi th the creation of the Canadian Co-ordinating Office for Health Techn ology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Co mmon Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs s hould be included, predictably and regrettably Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That's one reason why the idea of a nationalist hasn't gone anywhere while drug costs k eep rising fast.44.Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow's report selectively, especially t he parts about more federal money perhaps they should read what he had to say a bout drugs.“A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing c ost of drugs.”45.So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.A. Quebec's resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. O ne of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec's Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent!B. Or they could read Mr. Kirby's report:“the substan tial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insur ance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies”C. What does “national” mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael K irby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently cre ated National Health Council.D. The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.E. According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information. prescript ion drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall healt h-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments part of it arises from new drugs costi ng more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.F. So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that w ould end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province fr om being played off against another, and bargain for better drug price s.G. Of course the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divi ded buyers, they can lobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its, list the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn't like a national agency agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined seg ments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANS WER SHEET2. (10points)It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overw helmingly significant phase in European history. History and news beco me confused, and one's impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. (46)Television is one of the means by which these feel ings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served t o much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent event s in Europe .The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mi nd we can begin to analyze the European television scene. (47) In Eur ope, as elsewhere multi-media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines a nd publishing houses that work in relation to one another.One Italian e xample would be the Berlusconi group while abroad Maxwell and Mur doch come to mind.Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete complete in such a rich and hotly-contes ted market. (48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in a fact underlined by statistics that sh ow that out of eighty European television networks no less than 50% t ook a loss in 1989.Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige tele vision companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both productio n and distribution.(49) Creating a “European identity” that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice - that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our depen dence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experie nces and cultural traditions which are different from our own.In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co -productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank will handle the finances necessary for pr oduction costs. (50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “Unity we stand, divided we fall” -and if I ha d to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.” A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each cou ntry.Section ⅢWritingPart A51. Directions:Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Design s & fashions. But now you find that the word is not what you expect ed. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision stating your reason(s), and making an apology. Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on A NSWER SHEET2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the lette r, use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 p oints)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay ,you should first describe the drawing the interpret its mea ning, and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET2. (20 points)标准答案:Section I Use of English1-5 C B A C B 6-10 A D A D B11-15 C A D C D16-20 B C D A BSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A21-25 C B A C B 26-30 C D A D B31-35 A C D D A 36-40 B D A B CPart B41-45 E C G F BPart C46．电视是引发和传递这些感受的手段之一--在欧洲近来发生的事件中，它把不同的民族和国家连到一起，其作用之大，前所未有。
2005年考研英语翻译真题解析
2005(46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed—and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as is the recent events in Europe。
译文:电视是引发和传播这些感受的方式之一——在连接不同民族和国家之间的关系方面，电视以前也许还从来没有像在欧洲最近发生的事件中那样，起过如此重大的作用。
（47）In Europe，as elsewhere multi—media groups have been increasingly successful groups which bring together television, radio newspapers，magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.评析：这句话最难的地方在于几个小词的处理，我们翻译的标准不用做到信达雅，但是起码要像人话，如果翻完自己都觉得很不通顺，坚决不可将就，句子有不熟悉的词不可以把英语抄在译文中,那样老师会理直气壮地扣分.我们要尽量结合上下文，把句子做到通顺。
难点：television，radio newspapers，magazines and publishing houses是并列关系，要翻成“电视台，电台，报社，杂志社和出版社"，因为最后一个词是出版社，其他的几个虽然是媒体,但是和后面的出版社成并列关系，所以必须翻译成机构。
重点：并列关系.并列各项1。
词类相同2.作者态度相同3.语法结构相同4。
意思接近。
全句翻译：在欧洲,就像其它地方一样，各传媒集团越来越成功，整合了电视台,电台,报社，杂志社和出版社，并使之相互合作.（48）This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive，in a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.评析：这句话难点在于in a fact underlined by statistics that show that写得非常不通顺和罗嗦，如果直译，会非常难以流畅,必须减去一些废话,适应汉语表达的习惯。
2005年考研英语真题答案及解析
2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析这是一篇科普性说明文，文章主要介绍了人类嗅觉的特点及原因。
文章首段指提出说明的中心。
第二段对人们对某些气味的敏感程度的差异原因进行了分析，并指出这种不敏感是可以改变的。
第三段进一步解释了人类对气味不敏感的原因。
二、试题解析1.[A]although虽然，表让步[B]as因为，表因果[C]but但是，表转折[D]while虽然，表让步【答案】C【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】0.183【解析】从选项内容和文章中句子结构可以判断空要求填入一个表示前后两个句子逻辑关系的连词，空前的句子谈到“和动物相比，人类经常被认为是不敏感的”，空后谈到这主要是由于我们是直立行走的（动物）。
显然后句是说明人类不敏感的原因，既然人类不敏感是有原因的，那么反过来表达的就是人类应该是敏感的，前句谈到不敏感，后句反馈的是敏感，含义对立，只能填入转折连词，故答案为C。
2.[A]above在上面[B]unlike不像……[C]excluding不包括[D]beside除……之外【答案】B【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】0.874【解析】这里在谈到人是直立的动物之前，出现了一个动物，显然是和人类进行对比，能表示这一含义的只有B。
3.[A]limited(to)局限于[B]committed(to)献身于[C]dedicated(to)致力于，献身于[D]confined(to)局限于【答案】A【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】0.395【解析】空所在的句子开头用“this means…”，显然这是对上面一句的继续解释，句子说“我们的鼻子感受到那些浮在空气中的气味，大部分气味依附于地面。
”前文已经谈到由于人类的直立而使得人类不如动物敏感，那么直立自然应该能感受到浮在空气中的气味，而感受不到依附于地面的气味，这样人类的嗅觉就是有局限的，因此前面的一个空填入的词应该表示局限于空气中的气味，后面一空填的应该表示没有能感觉到依附于地面的气味，符合这一语义的第一空为limited，后一空为missing，故本题答案为A，下一空答案为C。
05年考研英语真题 答案
05年考研英语真题答案（文章正文）2005年的考研英语真题是众多考生备考的重要资料之一，通过解答这些题目，考生可以更好地理解考研英语的考点和难度，从而有针对性地进行备考。
以下是对2005年考研英语真题的答案解析。
阅读理解部分：第一篇阅读理解：1. A解析：根据文章第一段的"In recent years doctors have found that certain colours can be therapeutic in treating patients who have emotional difficulties."可以确定答案。
2. D解析：根据文章第二段的"Blue calms the mind and relaxes the body."可以确定答案。
3. B解析：根据文章第三段的"Yellow stimulates the nerves and increases the appetite."可以确定答案。
4. A解析：根据文章第四段的"Yellow can cause anxiety or uneasiness, and red can evoke anger or excitement."可以确定答案。
5. D解析：根据文章第五段的"Green helps people to relax and can make time seem to pass more quickly."可以确定答案。
第二篇阅读理解：6. B解析：根据文章第一段的"The needs for exercise decrease over time."可以确定答案。
7. D解析：根据文章第二段的"A calorie is a measure of the amount of energy in food"可以确定答案。
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2005年考研英语翻译和作文试题答案
一、翻译部分：
46. Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed-and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe.
在加强不同的民族和国家之间的联系方面，电视也许还从来没有像在最近的欧洲事件中那样起过如此大的作用。
47. In Europe ,as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful; groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing house that work in relation to one another.
在欧洲就像在其他地方一样多媒体集团越来越成功了，这些集团把相互关系密切的电视台、电台、报纸、杂志、出版社组合到了一起。
48. This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.
仅这一点就表明在电视行业里生存不那么容易，这个事实通过统计数字也是一目了然，统计表明在80家欧洲电视网中1989年出现亏损的不下50%。
49. 创造一个将要组成旧大洲联系纤维并且尊重不同文化和传统的统一体不是一项容易的任务，需要策略性的选择。
50. In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say, “United we stand, divided we fall”.
在应付一个如此规模的挑战过程中，我们可以毫不夸张地说，团结，我们就会站起来；分裂，我们就会倒下去。
二、作文部分
小作文范文：
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current position. There are a few factors involved that I find intolerable.
First of all, the salary has proven to be much lower than you originally promised, and I have a large family to support. In addition, the office is located in the downtown area, yet I live in the suburbs, so it is exhausting for me to spend over three hours commuting every day. Most importantly, I feel rather disappointed and left out on the job itself as in the past two months I was never given any really important responsibility.
I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation. I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
大作文范文：
The cartoon symbolically depicts how three sons and a daughter treat their old, helpless father. They each stand in a different corner of a
football field. The eldest son kicks out the father, who huddles up into a ball. The other children are prepared to ward him off. It is sad to see none of them is willing to receive their father.
The picture is thought-provoking, and what it illustrates is a common phenomenon in today’s society: many grown-up children refuse to support their aging parents. While they enjoy a comfortable life, their parents are neglected and reduced to utter poverty, as these elderly people have grown so physically weak that they no longer have the means to support themselves. I think these children have betrayed their own conscience and therefore may subject themselves to social contempt and criticism.
According to Chinese culture, to be kind to one’s parents is the height of virtue. We owe so much to our parents in that they not only gave us life but have done much in bringing us up. It is against nature for us to shirk the responsibility of taking care of our parents when they are old. Rather, we have the duty to pay back their love by making their later years enjoyable and happy.。