长难句解析讲义
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(189-190)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic and economic crises in the world’s most technologically advanced nations.2.We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering alone, and realizing that we need to moderate our actions if we hope to live in balance.二、长难句翻译解析1.The call for public engagement with the unthinkable is especially germane in this moment of stilluncontrolled pandemic a nd economic crises in the world’s most technologically advanced nations.①内容分析首先提个问题，这个句子是一个简单句，还是一个复杂句？这里的所谓“简单”和“复杂”，不是你个人的主观感受。
如果一个句子里只有一套主谓结构，我们叫它简单句。
如果一个句子里有两套或以上的主谓结构用连词关系词之类的组合在一起，我们叫它复杂句。
可能还有些什么并列句复合句并列复合句主从复合句之类的称呼，为了方便理解，咱们就都统称为复杂句了。
那么这个句子是简单句还是复杂句？从上面的描述里，你应该知道，区分这两种句子的标准，就是到底有几套主谓结构。
那我们来找找这个句子里的谓语吧。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(211-212)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”2.The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.二、长难句翻译解析1.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”【语法拓展一个句子告诉你有多少种修饰名词的方法】①内容分析今天的句子难度并不高。
句中除了主干以外，涉及as的用法、that定语从句和such as并列列举，都是我们之前曾经讲到过的。
句子主干Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence许多人现在错误理解情感智商主干部分没有任何难度，就是核心词汇的认知考察。
《长难句分析》课件
THE FIRST LESSON OF THE SCHOOL YEAR
目录CONTENTS
• 长难句的定义与特点 • 长难句的构成元素 • 长难句的分析方法 • 长难句的翻译技巧 • 长难句的实例分析 • 练习与巩固
01
长难句的定义与特 点
什么是长难句
定义
长难句通常是指句子结构复杂、 词汇难度较高、信息量大且层次 复杂的句子。
感谢观看
THANKS
THE FIRST LESSON OF THE SCHOOL YEAR
意译
根据原文的含义和精神进行翻译，不 拘泥于原文的词序和结构，更注重译 文的自然流畅和符合目标语言的表达 习惯。
被动句的翻译
被动句的翻译方法
将被动句翻译成中文时，可以采用“ 被”、“由”、“受”等词语来表示 被动语态，也可以通过调整语序和改 变表达方式来使译文更加自然流畅。
被动句的翻译技巧
在翻译被动句时，需要注意时态和语 态的变化，以及主被动之间的转换， 同时还需要根据上下文语境进行适当 的调整和补充说明。
成分定位法
总结词
根据句子成分的语义功能，确定各个成分在句子中的作用。
详细描述
成分定位法是一种基于语义功能的分析方法，它根据句子中各个成分的语义功 能，确定它们在句子中的作用。这种方法有助于理解句子中的复杂信息，把握 句子的重点和逻辑关系。
逻辑推理法
总结词
根据句子的语境和上下文关系，推断句子的深层含义。
特点
长难句通常由多个从句、短语和 修饰语组成，使得句子结构变得 复杂，难以理解。
长难句的特点
信息量大
词汇难度高
长难句中通常包含了大量的信息，需 要读者花费更多的时间和精力去理解 和消化。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(87-88)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译87.Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.88.Brides are traditionally and culturally known to put on that immaculate white wedding gown to be adorned with their beauty, representing her purity and innocence.二、长难句翻译解析87.Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.01断句该句的信号词有：①连接词but ②意群划分③介词短语in a... ④语法结构划分所以断句完成后如下：Not only did they develop such a device / but by the turn of the millennium / they had also managed to embed it / in a worldwide system / accessed by billions of people every day.02找主谓，定主从第一个主谓结构是they develop；第二个主谓结构是they had managed 。
长难句讲义
一、词汇：核心词汇+普通词汇二、语法结构1、从句：定语、同位语、表语、宾语、状语。
定语从句关系词（8个）：that、which、who、whom、whose、where、when、why。
定语从句中，从句和名词之间是一种修饰关系；同位语从句中，从句和名词之间是一种解释、说明、对等的关系。
定语从句是后面接了不完整的从句；同位语从句是名词后面接了完整的从句；表语从句就是am、is、are、was、were后面接了从句；宾语从句是接在了动词的后面；状语从句就是两个句子之间有一个逻辑的连接词。
2、并列结构。
通常用and、but连接。
3、插入语。
通常是用，，或者——连接。
解释说明，可有可无。
4、倒装。
全部倒装：在句子当中，如果出现了地点状语，或地点副词：here、there、in、out，就把地点状语或地点副词放在开头，把谓语动词放在中间，把主语放在后面。
部分倒装：当句首出现否定词的时候，可以将谓语动词上面的助动词提到主语的前面。
5、强调。
It is that……;将动词上面的do、does、did提到动词的前面来构成强调。
6、省略：分词作定语（定语从句的省略），独立主格结构（状语从句的省略）。
定语从句的省略：主语一致，当关系词如果在从句中充当的是主语时，是可以把它省略的；如果从句是主动形态的话则用ing形式，如果是被动语态的话则将动词保留为过去分词。
例子：This is the building which was constructed in 1998.This is the building constructed in 1998.例子：I know the teacher who comes from Britain.I know the teacher coming from Britain.状语从句的省略：主语一致，可以省略动作先发生的从句的主语，把主语省略之后，如果是主动的时候变成ing形式，被动的时候直接保留过去分词。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(301-302)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.George was not too upset by his experience because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his troubles and rewarded him with a large box of chocolates.2.After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb.二、长难句翻译解析1.George was not too upset by his experience because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his troubles and rewarded him with a large box of chocolates.【语法详析】本句的主干为George was not too upset by his experience。
1. because the lady … heard about his troubles…为原因状语从句，because可替换为since, as, for；2. who owns the sweet shop为定语从句，修饰先行词lady。
【词汇精讲】pence /pens/ n. 便士（penny的复数形式）【习】be pennywise and poundfoolish 小事聪明，大事糊涂upset /ʌpˈset/ v. 使难过，打翻adj. 沮丧的n. 肠胃不适【近】gloomy 沮丧的，灰暗的reward /rɪˈwɔːd/ n. v. 奖赏，报答【形】rewarding 值得做的，有益的【谚】Virtue is its own reward. 施恩不图报。
2024年解析高考英语长难句课件
2024年解析高考英语长难句课件一、教学内容本课件依据《普通高中英语课程标准》和人教版高中英语教材，聚焦于2024年高考英语长难句解析。
具体包括教材的第五章“阅读理解”中的第三节“长难句分析”，详细内容涵盖识别长难句的基本结构、分析句子成分、理解句子逻辑关系以及提升句子解析能力。
二、教学目标1. 理解并掌握长难句的基本结构，能够准确识别主谓宾、定状补等句子成分。
2. 学会运用逻辑关系词分析句子之间的关系，提高阅读理解能力。
3. 培养学生运用所学知识解析高考英语长难句的能力，提高解题正确率。
三、教学难点与重点教学难点：长难句的逻辑关系分析、复杂句型的解析。
教学重点：长难句的基本结构识别、句子成分分析、解析方法的掌握。
四、教具与学具准备1. 教具：多媒体课件、黑板、粉笔。
2. 学具：笔记本、教材、练习册。
五、教学过程1. 实践情景引入（5分钟）利用多媒体展示一组高考英语长难句，让学生尝试阅读并理解其含义，引出本节课的教学内容。
2. 知识讲解（15分钟）（1）讲解长难句的基本结构，通过示例句分析主谓宾、定状补等句子成分。
（2）分析句子之间的逻辑关系，介绍常见逻辑关系词及其用法。
3. 例题讲解（15分钟）结合教材和历年高考真题，选取典型长难句进行解析，指导学生运用所学知识解题。
4. 随堂练习（10分钟）设计具有针对性的练习题，让学生独立完成，巩固所学知识。
5. 课堂小结（5分钟）6. 作业布置（5分钟）布置课后作业，明确作业要求和完成时间。
六、板书设计1. 长难句的基本结构2. 句子成分分析3. 逻辑关系词及其用法七、作业设计1. 作业题目：2. 答案：（1）略（2）略八、课后反思及拓展延伸1. 反思：关注学生在课堂上的参与度，针对学生的学习情况，调整教学方法和节奏。
2. 拓展延伸：鼓励学生阅读英文原著、报纸、杂志等，提高英语实际应用能力，为高考英语长难句解析打下坚实基础。
重点和难点解析1. 长难句的基本结构识别。
长难句分析ppt课件
倒装句
常见类型及示例
重要性
长难句是语言表达的高级形式，能够准确、精炼地表达复杂的思想和概念。掌握长难句的分析和理解技巧，对于提高语言素养和阅读能力具有重要意义。
应用场景
长难句广泛应用于文学、科技、法律等领域，尤其在学术论文、新闻报道、公文写作等文体中更为常见。掌握长难句的分析方法，有助于更好地理解和运用这些文体。
关注时事
了解国内外新闻、社会热点和文化动态，增强对现实世界的感知和理解。
广泛阅读
涉猎不同领域、不同题材的书籍和文章，积累丰富的背景知识。
拓展学习
参加讲座、研讨会等活动，听取专家学者的讲解和讨论，拓宽知识视野。
背景知识积累途径
03
挖掘文化元素
关注句子中涉及的文化元素，如习俗、节日、地名等，探究其文化渊源和传承发展。
译文读者群体
考虑译文读者的文化背景、语言习惯和接受程度，选择适合的翻译策略。
翻译目的和要求
根据翻译的目的和要求，如忠实原文、传达信息等，灵活选择直译或意译。
直译与意译选择依据
词汇选择原则及策略
确保选词准确，符合原文意思，避免歧义和误解。
选用符合目标语言习惯和表达方式的词汇，使译文更加自然流畅。
注意源语和目标语之间的文化差异，避免选用可能引起文化冲突的词汇。
注重词汇短语的积累和运用，提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性。
推荐一些优质的长难句分析教程、视频讲解、在线课程等资源，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握长难句的分析方法。
THANKS
感谢您的观看。
重要性及应用场景
02
CHAPTER
语法结构分析
识别句子主语、谓语和宾语，确定句子核心意思。
注意省略和倒装等语法现象，还原句子主干。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(249-250)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development.2.Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk, deer, and coyote populations are down, while beavers and red foxes have made a eback.二、长难句翻译解析1.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development.【阅读理解逻辑拓展：表示转折的逻辑连词总结】①内容分析今天的句子就是最基本的转折逻辑关系，我们也会顺便汇总一下高考里的转折逻辑考点。
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States,灰狼曾经被看到在各处在黄石公园区域和美国大陆的大部分地方作为简单句，句子的主干是“灰狼曾经被看到”，后面是两个地点状语的补充。
我们详细讲到过once的考点。
各位在这里看到“曾经”的含义，要立刻想到“后来情况肯定不一样了”，这样的话后半句的转折逻辑就一气呵成了。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(115-116)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译115.They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.116.Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest.二、长难句翻译解析115.They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.01语法结构及词汇分析句子比较短，结构也清晰可见。
重点讲解的部分已经标上了重点符号。
①句子的主干部分是：They are among the growing number of Americans.主语是They，谓语是are。
among是在.....之中的意思，一般用于三者或三者以上。
其宾语通常是表示笼统数量或具有复数意义的名词或代词。
the growing number of.......表示越来越多的.....②出现了引导词who，who在这里引导定语从句，修饰先行词Americans。
who后面有一个逗号，后面的[driven by higher living costs and a falling economy]，这是过去分词作后置定语的用法，修饰who前面的Americans。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(149-150))讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.I f students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and plex munity.2.Every college discussion about munity values, social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and selfregulation, of the necessary tension between safety and selfdiscovery.二、长难句翻译解析1.If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern, they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and plex munity.①内容分析阅读理解的难点除了体现在句式或语法现象的复杂或词汇的陌生以外，还有可能是因为内容本身具有一定理解上的难度。
这句话就是一个典型的例子。
这句话的结构很简单，就是一个我们之前讲过的零条件句：构成方式：If从句现在时，主句现在时针对时间：任何时间描述意义：一贯如此，普遍发生，普遍存在If students do sth, they are not facing the challenge of sth如果学生们做了某事，那么他们就没有在面对某事的挑战这就是句子的基本内容。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(275-276)讲义-高三英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.2.Even though Britain has a reputation for lessthanimpressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.二、长难句翻译解析1.Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better// if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.这是2023年全国乙卷阅读理解B篇记叙文的最后一句话，也是这篇文章最后一道题解题对应的信息。
各位可以自己看看，你是否能飞快地选出正确答案，又或者是否会像23届考生一样在考场上纠结这样一道简单题？最重要的是，想做对这道题，你需要具备什么基础知识，又需要什么样的解题思路？7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake?A. Amusing.B. Satisfying.C. Encouraging.D. forting.首先来完成断句的任务。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(119-120)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译119.This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.120.After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that is, when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure.二、长难句翻译解析119.This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.01重难点词汇①upset v.使生气；使心烦意乱；打乱，搅乱；打翻Don't do anything that would upset him.别做惹他生气的事情。
②debate n./v 讨论，辩论；反复考虑，斟酌Meanwhile, philosophers debate whether it's right to clone an individual.与此同时，哲学家们就克隆人是对是错的问题进行辩论。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(133-134)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译133.Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.134.The findings, based on performances and selfevaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted and can’t focus on one activity.二、长难句翻译解析133.Eventually, they start to lose track of who they really are, seeing themselves the way their fans imagine them, not as the people they were before everyone knew their names.①内容分析这个句子只有30个字，但是语法现象细分起来，真够复杂的。
各位一定要耐心慢慢看。
首先还是拆句子，这次拆完是七个部分，你看的明白为什么这么拆嘛？Eventually, they start to lose track of 主句who they really are, 从句关系词who断开seeing themselves the way 非谓语动词表示同时(that) their fans imagine them, 从句关系词that省略not as the people 并列词not作比较(that) they were 从句关系词忽略before everyone knew their names. 连词before断开我们按照句子里的逗号来分别看这三个部分。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(293-294)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.Customs officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare.2.The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase.二、长难句翻译解析1.Customs officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare.【语法详析】本句的主干为Customs officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you，强调but 之后的内容。
when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare为时间状语从句，and连接are和have两个谓语动词，to declare作nothing的定语，主动形式表被动。
【词汇精讲】customs /ˈkʌs·təmz/ n. 风俗，习惯，海关【动】accustom, be accustomed to习惯于tolerant /ˈtɒl.ər.ənt/ adj. 宽容的，忍耐的【动】tolerate【名】tolerance 【组】be tolerant of channel /ˈtʃæn.əl/ n. 频道，渠道，海峡v. 引导，导入【组】the Channel 英吉利海峡【辨】tunnel 隧道declare /dɪˈkleər/ v. 宣布，申报【名】declaration 宣言【形】declarative sentence陈述句【参考译文】海关人员现在已相当宽容了，但当你不申报任何东西就想通过绿色通道时，他们仍会拦下你。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(285-286)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “offline” activity.2.Rather than setting plans in stone, I’ve learned that sometimes I need to take the opportunities that are offered, even if they don’t sound perfect at the time, and make the most of them.二、长难句翻译解析1.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a p rinted book still offers the chance of a wholly private, “offline” activity.根据连词、关系词和标点符号的位置，句子可以拆分为三部分：第一部分And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives这部分中最重要的是“in contrast to sth 与某事相反、与某事截然不同”，是阅读理解过程中需要重点关注的对比标志。
对比是作者在各类文体中广泛使用的写作手法，在阅读理解的细节题中也属于高频考点，所以看到文章里出现形容词副词比较级最高级、相同相似不同、各种描述比较关系的短语和逻辑关系时，一定要意识到这里出现了对比，可能是文章的重点信息所在。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(267-268)讲义-高考英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.2.It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t.二、长难句翻译解析1.But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest difference.句首的but直接提示你这句话是文章里比较重要的信息，所以必须把句子里的重点内容提取出来。
要做到这一点，你需要能够独立回答以下问题：这句话里有没有从句补充？有。
在exactly后面看到从句的引导词which，所以应该从which 前面断开。
这个从句是什么从句？副词“exactly 准确地”只是描述程度，可以忽略，所以从句在动词“determine 决定”后面，动词后面的从句是宾语从句。
为什么不在and那里断开？因为and后面紧挨着的是needs to be repeated，是谓语动词的部分，所以这里的并列内容前面的谓语动词was，不能拆开。
如果以上的问题你也能给出准确答案，那么说明过往的文章里讲到的内容，你是有印象的。
主句the study was small and needs to be repeated with far larger groups of people to determine exactly主句的部分并不复杂，抓住了主干“研究规模小、需要被重复”，整句话的重点信息就已经搞定了。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(443-444)讲义-高三英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.2.To be narrower than a piece of A4, you need to have roughly a 25inch waist or less, which is much thinner than the 35inch average American waist, practically impossible for most human beings.二、长难句翻译解析1.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation.【语法简析】非谓语动词dismissing...is easy【词汇精讲】1.Dismiss（超纲词）【记忆】dis+miss送→送出→解散She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.她声称自己被无理免职。
2.conversation 对话It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.2018年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解阅读D 原文更有可能的是，我们没有人开始交谈，因为这很尴尬，很有挑战性，或者我们认为这很烦人，没有必要。
长难句分析讲义---2024届高三英语一轮复习
长难句分析：这个句子在干什么？原句Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’s lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class.（2022年新高考I卷阅读理解A篇）这个句子虽然长度不短，但是是标准的“纸老虎”式的语句，整个句子就是工整的两组逻辑关系配合非谓语补充和介词短语补充，没有出现任何从句，句子拆分也只要在逗号位置断开即可。
所以这次需要各位思考的问题是句子作用层面的问题——作者写这个句子是干什么的？第一部分Class activities will vary from day to day,课程活动每天都有变化这部分里最重要的就是核心词汇“vary 变化、不同”的用法。
高考英语里常见的是不及物动词用法的考察“sth vary 某物有变化”，后面不需要出现任何名词，只需要主谓结构就是完整句，形容词变化“various 多种多样的”也是重要的考点。
介词短语“from day to day 从一天到一天”就是“every day每天”。
第二部分but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class’s lecture/discussion 但是学生必须准备好完成简短的课内写作或测试，直接取自之前讲座或讨论的指定阅读或笔记but之后是重要信息，也是整个部分的难点所在。
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长难句解析讲义1、带有较多成分的简单句。
Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.2、含有多个简单句的并列句。
In the 1970s, he was a surgeon at Yale，and had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.3、含有多个从句的复合句。
I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable(不能再生的) resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.4、含有多个插入成分的句子。
His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（无知地）enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.5、并列复合句。
I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse，but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not，change was unavoidable.6、倒装句。
Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.二、长难句的归纳1、复合从句句子较长，一个从句套着另一个从句，环环相扣。
不管句子有多长有多复杂，它只由两部分构成，即主干和修饰成分。
主干是整个句子的骨架，主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构。
而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用，它既可以是单词，也可以是短语，更常见的则是从句，尤其是定语从句和状语从句。
我们应通过仔细分析，将每个修饰成分划出来，找出句子的主干，这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
2、分隔结构为了调整语气和增加补充信息，更主要的是为了平衡句子结构，避免头重脚轻，使语义严密，结构紧凑，可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来，这就是所谓的分隔结构。
考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。
此外，还有一些句子成分（一般是定语）过长而出现后置，也可以看作是插入现象。
只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整，没有新增信息。
3、成分省略在英语句子中，节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。
省略主要是为了避免重复，突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。
成分省略一般和从句相结合，一正一反，使句子富于变化，增强表现力。
4、改变语序改变语序主要指倒装句式。
这种打破相对固定的常规语序的做法，或是为了强调句子的意义表达的重心，或是强调一种表达语气，如虚拟语气、否定语气等。
这些句子往往和一些副词、连词相关，有明显的标志。
三、分析长难句的方法策略(1) 结构分析法所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。
首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子附属成分。
方法一：较复杂单句的处理方法——找主、谓语，即找主干成分However, many scientist，who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and saythe human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years.方法二：并列句的处理方法- 找并列连词Miss Germaine’s mother looked anxious through the wedding Mr. Cordell’s parents are reported to be less than delighted.方法三：主从复合句的处- 找从属连词Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say that he didn’t know that his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.方法四：并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列句，再看主从复合句you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.2) 意群阅读法意群阅读法即把意义和语法结构上有关联的几个词连接成较完整的信息。
此方法不仅有利于提高阅读速度，而且有利于对句子的整体理解。
When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other，an unbelted driver would meet the windshield with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.四、长难句的几个特点1. 句子信息量大，结构复杂，附加成分多（几种从句同时出现）2. 分隔现象普遍（主谓分隔、同位语分隔、定语分隔等）3. 省略现象这些都增加了阅读的难度。
因此在回归语篇复习时，要运用所学知识去突破英语阅读中的长难句。
五、分析长难句的注意事项1、是否有同位语和插入语。
2、是否有省略、倒装和分隔等现象。
3、替代词的所指对象。
4、判断并列成分的层次。
5、句首的并列连词and、or、but、for通常起承上启下的作用，不要将他们归入后文的句法分析。
6、在从句多的句子中，从句中又包含从句的现象。
7、非限定动词短语在句中作次要成分（定语和状语）时又带着自己较长的从属成分，尤其是状语从句或宾语从句时的结构分析。
8、在有多个从句的复合句和并列句中，状语（单个词、短语或从句）究竟是全句的修饰语还是某个从句或词语的修饰语。
六、长难句的分析实例Tristan da Cunha, a 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral(葡萄牙海军上将) of the same name in 1506, and settled in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred. Coming in a close second——and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant island——is Easter Island, which lies 1,260 miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America. The mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is most famous. On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory(智利领土). They share one street, a small airport and a few hours of television per day.1.What’s the name of the Portuguese admiral?A Easter B. St. Helena C. Tristan da Cunha D. Pitcairn2.What’s the Easter Island well-known for?A.the most distant islandB. MoaiC. one streetD. Easter Sunday。