2003年英语真题+答案解析

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2003年考研英语真题答案与解析

2003考研英语答案及解析一、文章总体分析文章主要论述了教师们应该关注青少年在成长时期所经历的情感、心智和生理上的变化，并采取方法帮助他们适应这些变化，健康成长。

第一段第一、二句是主题句，点明文章主题。

从第三句开始介绍了青少年的各种变化，如：自我意识很强，需要从成功中获得自信等。

接下来是对老师的建议：设计有更多优胜者的活动，组织各种小型俱乐部，让成年人在幕后支持。

第二段特别强调教师在设计活动时要注意保持其多样性，以适应青少年注意力持续时间短的特点。

此外，成年人要帮助学生在活动中培养责任感。

二、试题具体解析1. [A]（give）thought (to) 想过，思考[B]（give sb. an/some）idea（of）使了解……的情况[C]（have a good/bad）opinion (of) 对……印象很好[D]（give）advice（to）提建议[答案] A[解析]本题考核的知识点是：平行句子结构+ 固定搭配。

首先，从文章结构上看，第一段的第一、二句是平行的并列句：Teachers need to be aware of（教师应该注意）和And they also need to give serious 1 to（同时他们须认真……）。

注意第二句中的两个they分别指代了第一句中的teachers和young adults，第二句中的give serious 1 to与第一句中的be aware of（知道，意识到）也应在意义上相呼应。

其次，考生需要判断四个选项中哪一个能与 give...to 构成短语。

idea这个词词义很丰富，包括“想法、意思、概念、思想、意识、打算、建议”等，但通常与介词of而不是to连用；opinion意为“意见；看法”，一般不与give搭配；advice（建议）虽然可与give及to搭配，但介词to后应接人，即建议的接受者，如果要表达“提出…方面的建议”，应该用“give advice on sth.”。

2003年考研英语一真题答案解析

2003年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章主要论述了教师们应该关注青少年在成长时期所经历的情感、心智和生理上的变化，并采取方法帮助他们适应这些变化，健康成长。

第一段第一、二句是主题句，点明文章主题。

从第三句开始介绍了青少年的各种变化，如：自我意识很强，需要从成功中获得自信等。

接下来是对老师的建议：设计有更多优胜者的活动，组织各种小型俱乐部，让成年人在幕后支持。

第二段特别强调教师在设计活动时要注意保持其多样性，以适应青少年注意力持续时间短的特点。

此外，成年人要帮助学生在活动中培养责任感。

其次，考生需要判断四个选项中哪一个能与 give...to 构成短语。

idea这个词词义很丰富，包括“想法、意思、概念、思想、意识、打算、建议”等，但通常与介词of而不是to连用；opinion意为“意见；看法”，一般不与give搭配；advice（建议）虽然可与give 及to搭配，但介词to后应接人，即建议的接受者，如果要表达“提出…方面的建议”，应该用“give advice on sth.”。

2003年专升本英语考试真题及参考答案

2003年专升本英语考试真题及参考答案一、Phonetics（10 points）?Directions:In each of the following groups of words,there are four underlined letters or letter combinations marked A,B,C and D. Compare the underlined parts and ?identify? the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.第1题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. castleB. listenC. softenD. costly【参考答案】D第2题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. sweatB. wheatC. meatD. neatly【参考答案】A第3题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. shootB. bloodC. roofD. tool【参考答案】B第4题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. acceptC. campD. empty【参考答案】B第5题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. exactB. taxiC. exceptD. exercise【参考答案】A第6题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. weightB. eightC. heightD. neighbor【参考答案】C第7题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. literatureB. matureC. natureD. feature【参考答案】B第8题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

A. fourC. sourceD. pour【参考答案】D第9题选出下面读音不同的选项（）。

2003年考研英语真题及答案解析(高清版

2003年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C OR D on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional,intellectual,and physical changes that young adults experience.And they also need to give serious1to how they can best2such changes.Growing bodies need movement and3,but not just in ways that emphasize competition.4they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the5that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are6by others.However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be7 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers,8，publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,9student artwork,and sponsoring book discussion clubs.A variety of small clubs can provide10 opportunities for leadership,as well as for practice in successful11dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,and many shy students need the 12of some kind of organization with a supportive adult13visible in the background.In these activities,it is important to remember that the young teens have14 attention spans.A variety of activities should be organized15participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to16else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants17.This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.18they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by19for roles that are within their20and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.1.[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice2.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance3.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure4.[A]If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D]Because5.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence[D]tolerance6.[A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed7.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise8.[A]in effect[B]as a result[C]for example[D]in a sense9.[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D] exchanging10.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple11.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D] corporation12.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security13.[A]particularly[B]barely[C]definitely[D]rarely14.[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D]short15.[A]if only[B]now that[C]so that[D]even if16.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something17.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone18.[A]On the contrary[B]On the average[C]On the whole[D]On the other hand19.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking20.[A]capability[B]responsibility[C]proficiency[D] efficiencySection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B],[C]or[D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40points)Text1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Inter net.The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World WarⅡand later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the“great game”of espionage—spying as a“profession.”These days the Net,which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail,is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.The latest revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail.That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years,the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying.The spooks call it“open source intelligence,”and as the Net grows,it is becoming increasingly influential.In1995the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi.The winner,by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open-Source Solutions，whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford,Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin,Texas.Straitford makes moneyby selling the results of spying(covering nations from Chile to Russia)to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International.Many of its predictions are available online at .Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution,a spymaster’s st week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine.“As soon as that report runs,we’ll suddenly get500new internet sign-ups from Ukraine,”says Friedman, a former political science professor.“And we’ll hear back from some of them.”Open-source spying does have its risks,of course,since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad.That’s where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of20in Austin.Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds.He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success.Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing,whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong.Straitford,says Friedman,takes pride in its independent voice.21.The emergence of the Net has.[A]received support from fans like Donovan[B]remolded the intelligence services[C]restored many common pastimes[D]revived spying as a profession22.Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to.[A]introduce the topic of online spying[B]show how he fought for the US[C]give an episode of the information war[D]honor his unique services to the CIA23.The phrase“making the biggest splash”(line1,paragraph3)most probablymeans.[A]causing the biggest trouble[B]exerting the greatest effort[C]achieving the greatest success[D]enjoying the widest popularity24.It can be learned from paragraph4that.[A]straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B]straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C]straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability[D]straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information25.Straitford is most proud of its.[A]official status[B]nonconformist image[C]efficient staff[D]military backgroundText2To paraphrase18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,“all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.”One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding,and few people understand the process of health care research.Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings,many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat,no fur,no medicines.Asked if she opposed immunizations,she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do,she replied,“Then I would have to say yes.”Asked what will happen when epidemics return,she said,“Don’t worry,scientists will find some way of using computers.”Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way—in human terms,not in the language of molecular biology.We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement,a father’s bypass operation,a baby’s vaccinations,and even a pet’s shots.To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments,as well as new treatments and vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done.Scientists could“adopt”middle school classes and present their own research.They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.Research institutions could be opened to tours,to show that laboratory animals receive humane care.Finally,because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,but all who receive medical treatment.If good people do nothing,there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.26.The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to.[A]call on scientists to take some actions[B]criticize the misguided cause of animal rights[C]warn of the doom of biomedical research[D]show the triumph of the animal rights movement27.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is.[A]cruel but natural[B]inhuman and unacceptable[C]inevitable but vicious[D]pointless and wasteful28.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s.[A]discontent with animal research[B]ignorance about medical science[C]indifference to epidemics[D]anxiety about animal rights29.The author believes that,in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates,scientists should.[A]communicate more with the public[B]employ hi-tech means in research[C]feel no shame for their cause[D]strive to develop new cures30.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is.[A]a well-known humanist[B]a medical practitioner[C]an enthusiast in animal rights[D]a supporter of animal researchText3In recent years,railroads have been combining with each other,merging into supersystems,causing heightened concerns about monopoly.As recently as1995,the top four railroads accounted for under70percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails.Next year,after a series of mergers is completed,just four railroads will control well over90percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service.Any threat of monopoly, they argue,is removed by fierce competition from trucks.But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances,such as coal,chemicals, and grain,trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company.Railroads typically charge such“captive”shippers 20to30percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business. Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government's Surface Transportation Board for rate relief,but the process is expensive,time consuming,and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone's cost.If railroads charged all customers the same average rate,they argue,shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so,leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.It's theory to which many economists subscribe, but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.“Do we really want railroads to be thearbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?”asks Martin Bercovici,a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shipper.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases.The railroad industry as a whole,despite its brightening fortuning fortunes,still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic.Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another,with Wall Street cheering them on.Consider the$10.2billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year.Conrail's net railway operating income in1996was just$427million,less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction.Who's going to pay for the rest of the bill?Many captive shippers fear that they will,as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.31.According to those who support mergers,railway monopoly is unlikelybecause.[A]cost reduction is based on competition.[B]services call for cross-trade coordination.[C]outside competitors will continue to exist.[D]shippers will have the railway by the throat.32.What is many captive shippers'attitude towards the consolidation in the railindustry?[A]Indifferent.[B]Supportive.[C]Indignant.[D]Apprehensive.33.It can be inferred from paragraph3that.[A]shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad.[B]there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide.[C]overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief.[D]a government board ensures fair play in railway business.34.The word“arbiters”(line7,paragraph4)most probably refers to those.[A]who work as coordinators.[B]who function as judges.[C]who supervise transactions.[D]who determine the price.35.According to the text,the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly causedby.[A]the continuing acquisition.[B]the growing traffic.[C]the cheering Wall Street.[D]the shrinking market.Text4It is said that in England death is pressing,in Canada inevitable and inCalifornia optional.Small wonder.Americans’life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century.Failing hips can be replaced,clinical depression controlled, cataracts removed in a30-minute surgical procedure.Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginable when I entered medicine50years ago.But not even a great health-care system can cure death—and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.Death is normal;we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish,even under ideal conditions.We all understand that at some level,yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved.Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care,we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if it’s useless.The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care.Physicians —frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient—too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.In1950,the US spent$12.7billion on health care.In2002,the cost will be $1,540billion.Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age—say83or so.Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm“have a duty to die and get out of the way”,so that younger, healthier people can realize their potential.I would not go that far.Energetic people now routinely work through their60s and beyond,and remain dazzlingly productive.At78,Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be53.Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her70s, and former surgeon general C.Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his 80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.As a mere68-year-old,I wish to age as productively as they have.Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit.As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful.I also know that people in Japan and Sweden,countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer,healthier lives than we have.As a nation,we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.36.What is implied in the first sentence?[A]Americans are better prepared for death than other people.[B]Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.[C]Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.[D]Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.37.The author uses the example of caner patients to show that.[A]medical resources are often wasted[B]doctors are helpless against fatal diseases[C]some treatments are too aggressive[D]medical costs are becoming unaffordable38.The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of.[A]strong disapproval[B]reserved consent[C]slight contempt[D]enthusiastic support39.In contras to the US,Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care.[A]more flexibly[B]more extravagantly[C]more cautiously[D]more reasonably40.The text intends to express the idea that.[A]medicine will further prolong people’s lives[B]life beyond a certain limit is not worth living[C]death should be accepted as a fact of life[D]excessive demands increase the cost of health carePart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points)Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it.Humans are thoughtful and creative,possessed of insatiable curiosity.（41）Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live,thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. Therefore,it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner,with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.“Anthropology”derives from the Greek words anthropos“human”and logos “the study of.”By its very name,anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences.（42）Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned,orderly,systematic,and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography,economics,political,science, psychology,and sociology.Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity.Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.（43）The emphasis on data gathered first-hand,combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture.Sir Edward Tylor’s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of19th century science.（44）Tylor defined culture as“…that complex whole which includes belief,art,morals,law,custom,and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”This insight,so profound in its simplicity,opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life.Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned. shared,and patterned behavior.（45）Thus,the anthropological concept of“culture,”like the concept of “set”in mathematics,is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.Section III Writing46.Directions:Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay entitled in which you should1）describe the set of drawings,interpret its meaning,and2）point out its implications in our life.You should write about200words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20points)第一部分英语知识运用试题解析一、文章总体分析文章主要论述了教师们应该关注青少年在成长时期所经历的情感、心智和生理上的变化，并采取方法帮助他们适应这些变化，健康成长。

2003年考研英语—真题及答案

2003年考研英语真题及答案2003 text1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World W ar Ⅱand later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the "great game" of espionage — spying as a "profession". These days the Net, which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan's vocation as well.The latest revolution isn't simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen's e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the W orld Wide W eb has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying. The spooks call it "open-source intelligence", and as the Net grows, it is becoming increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford, Inc., a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin, Texas. Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying (covering nations from Chile to Russia) to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International. Many of its predictions are available online at .Straiford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution, a spymaster's dream. Last week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine. "As soon as that report runs, we'll suddenly get 500 new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine," says Friedman, a former political science professor. "And we'll hear back from some of them." Open-source spying does have its risks, of course, since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad. That's where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of 20 in Austin. Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds. He sees the firm's outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford's briefs don't sound like the usual W ashington back-and-forthing, whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong. Straitford, says Friedman, takes pride in its independent voice.41. The emergence of the Net has ________.[A] received support from fans like Donovan[B] remolded the intelligence services[C] restored many common pastimes[D] revived spying as a profession42. Donovan's story is mentioned in the text to ________.[A] introduce the topic of online spying[B] show how he fought for the US[C] give an episode of the information war[D] honor his unique services to the CIA43. The phrase "making the biggest splash" (line 1, paragraph 3) most probably means ________.[A] causing the biggest trouble[B] exerting the greatest effort[C] achieving the greatest success[D] enjoying the widest popularity44. It can be learned from paragraph 4 that ________.[A] Straitford's prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B] Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C] Straitford's business is characterized by unpredictability[D] Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information45. Straitford is most proud of its ________.[A] official status[B] nonconformist image[C] efficient staff[D] military background 试题解析：这是一篇说明性的文章，介绍了互联网技术对情报行业的影响。

2003年考研英语真题答案及解析

第一段第一、二句是主题句，点明文章主题。

从第三句开始介绍了青少年的各种变化，如：自我意识很强，需要从成功中获得自信等。

接下来是对老师的建议：设计有更多优胜者的活动，组织各种小型俱乐部，让成年人在幕后支持。

第二段特别强调教师在设计活动时要注意保持其多样性，以适应青少年注意力持续时间短的特点。

此外，成年人要帮助学生在活动中培养责任感。

其次，考生需要判断四个选项中哪一个能与 give...to 构成短语。

考博英语(词汇)历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析)

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编50(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Our manager is so______ in his thinking, he never listens to new ideas.(2013年厦门大学考博试题)A．stiffB．rigidC．tenseD．tight正确答案：B解析：四个选项的意思分别是stiff僵硬的，不灵活的；rigid<人>[在……方面]固执的，顽固的；tense拉紧的，绷紧的：tight严厉的，吝啬的。

句意是，我们经理对自己的想法非常固执，从来听不见新的想法。

根据句意推出正确答案是B选项。

2．America has now adopted more ______ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.(2014年厦门大学考博试题) A．discreteB．solemnC．rigorousD．autonomous正确答案：C解析：句意为：现在美国已经采用了更加严密的欧式检测系统，食物中毒发生率正在下降。

根据句意，只有C项rigorous“严密的，严格的”符合句意，故选C项。

A项意为“分离的”；B项意为“庄严的”；D项意为“自治的”，均不符合句意。

3．She has______ideas about becoming a famous actress.A．childishB．illusoryC．novelD．romantic正确答案：D解析：romantic a．不切实际的，爱空想的；浪漫的，传奇的(如：A romantic person likes to imagine things．Don’t be carried away with romantic notions．A romantic story is one about love or adventure．)。

2003考研英语真题(英一二通用)答案+解析

2003年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English.You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them.There are three parts in this section,Part A,Part B,and Part C.Remember,while you should first put down your answers in your test booklet.At the end of the listening comprehension section,you will have five minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET1.Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Question1-5,you will hear a talk about Boston Museum of Fine Art.While you listen,fill out the table with the information you have heard.Some of the information has been given to you in the table.Write only1word or number in each numbered box.You will hear the recording twice.You now have25seconds to read the table below.(5points)Boston Museum of Fine ArtsFounded(year)1870Opened to the public(year)Question1Moved to the current location(year)1909The west wing completed(year)Question2Number of departments9The most remarkable department Question3Exhibition Space(m2)Question4Approximate number of visitors/year800,000Programs providedQuestion5classeslecturesPart BDirections:For Questions6-10,you will hear an interview with an expert on marriage problems.While you listen,complete the sentences or answer the e not more than3words for each answer.You will hear the recording twice.You now have25seconds to read the sentences and questions below.(5points)What should be the primary source of help for a troubled couple?________.Question6Writing down a list of problems in the marriage may help a troubled couple discuss them ________.Question7Who should a couple consider seriously turning to if they can’t talk with each other? ________.Question8Priests are usually unsuccessful in counseling troubled couples despite their________. Question9According to the old notion,what will make hearts grow fonder?________.Question10 Part CDirections:You will hear three pieces of recorded material.Before listening to each one,you will have time to read the questions related to it.While listening,answer each question by choosing[A],[B],[C] or[D].After listening,you will have time to check your answers you will hear each piece once only.(10points)Questions11-13are based on the following talk about napping,you now have15seconds to read questions11-13.11.Children under five have abundant energy partly because they________.[A]sleep in three distinct parts[B]have many five-minute naps[C]sleep in one long block[D]take one or two naps daily12.According to the speaker,the sleep pattern of a baby is determined by________.[A]its genes[B]its habit[C]its mental state[D]its physical condition13.The talk suggests that,if you feel sleepy through the day,you should________.[A]take some refreshment[B]go to bed early[C]have a long rest[D]give in to sleepQuestions14-16are based on the following interview with Sherman Alexie,an American Indian poet.You now have15seconds to read Questions14-16.14.Why did Sherman Alexie only take day jobs?[A]He could bring unfinished work home.[B]He might have time to pursue his interests.[C]He might do some evening teaching.[D]He could invest more emotion in his family.15.What was his original goal at college?[A]to teach in high school[B]to write his own books[C]to be a medical doctor[D]to be a mathematician16.Why did he take the poetry-writing class?[A]To follow his father.[B]For an easy grade.[C]To change his specialty.[D]For knowledge of poetry.Questions17-20are based on the following talk about public speaking.You now have20 seconds to read Questions17-20.17.What is the most important thing in public speaking?[A]Confidence.[B]Preparation.[C]Informativeness.[D]Organization.18.What does the speaker advise us to do to capture the audience’s attention?[A]Gather abundant data.[B]Organize the idea logically.[C]Develop a great opening.[D]Select appropriate materials.19.If you don’t start working for the presentation until the day before,you will feel________.[A]uneasy[B]uncertain[C]frustrated[D]depressed20.Who is this speech most probably meant for?[A]Those interested in the power of persuasion.[B]Those trying to improve their public images.[C]Those planning to take up some public work.[D]Those eager to become effective speakers.You now have5minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET1.Section II Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B], [C]or[D]on ANSWER SHEET1.(10points)Teachers need to be aware of the emotional,intellectual,and physical changes that young adults experience.And they also need to give serious大21家to how they can best 大22家such changes.Growing bodies need movement and大23家,but not just in waysthat emphasize competition.大24家they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges,teenagers are especially self-conscious and needthe大25家that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are大26家by others.However,the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be大27家to plan activities in which there are more winners thanlosers,大28家,publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews,大29家student artwork,and sponsoring book discussion clubs.A variety of small clubs can provide 大30家opportunities for leadership,as well as for practice in successful大31家dynamics.Making friends is extremely important to teenagers,and many shy students need the 大32家of some kind of organization with a supportive adult大33家visible in the background.In these activities,it is important to remember that the young teens have大34家attention spans.A variety of activities should be organized大35家participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to大36家else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants大37家.This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility.大38家,they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by大39家for roles that are within their大40家and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules.21.[A]thought[B]idea[C]opinion[D]advice22.[A]strengthen[B]accommodate[C]stimulate[D]enhance23.[A]care[B]nutrition[C]exercise[D]leisure24.[A]If[B]Although[C]Whereas[D]Because25.[A]assistance[B]guidance[C]confidence26.[A]claimed[B]admired[C]ignored[D]surpassed27.[A]improper[B]risky[C]fair[D]wise28.[A]in effect[B]as a result[C]for example[D]in a sense29.[A]displaying[B]describing[C]creating[D]exchanging30.[A]durable[B]excessive[C]surplus[D]multiple31.[A]group[B]individual[C]personnel[D]corporation32.[A]consent[B]insurance[C]admission[D]security33.[A]particularly[B]barely[D]rarely34.[A]similar[B]long[C]different[D]short35.[A]if only[B]now that[C]so that[D]even if36.[A]everything[B]anything[C]nothing[D]something37.[A]off[B]down[C]out[D]alone38.[A]On the contrary[B]On the average[C]On the whole[D]On the other hand39.[A]making[B]standing[C]planning[D]taking40.[A]capabilities[B]responsibilities[C]proficiency[D]efficiencySection III Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1(40points)Text1Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Internet.The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in the World War II and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information.Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game”of espionage--spying as a“profession.”These days the Net,which has already re-made such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail,is reshaping Donovan’s vocation as well.The latest revolution isn’t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen’s e-mail. That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades.In the past three or four years,the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of point-and-click spying.The spooks call it “open-source intelligence,”and as the Net grows,it is becoming increasingly influential.In1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi.The winner,by a large margin,was a tiny Virginia company called Open Source Solutions,whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world.Among the firms making the biggest splash in this new world is Straitford,Inc.,a private intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin,Texas.Straitford makes money by selling the results of spying(covering nations from Chile to Russia)to corporations like energy-services firm McDermott International.Many of its predictions are available online at .Straitford president George Friedman says he sees the online world as a kind of mutually reinforcing tool for both information collection and distribution,a spymaster’s st week his firm was busy vacuuming up data bits from the far corners of the world and predicting a crisis in Ukraine.“As soon as that report runs,we’ll suddenly get500new Internet sign-ups from Ukraine,”says Friedman,a former political science professor.“And we’ll hear back from some of them.”Open-source spying does have its risks,of course,since it can be difficult to tell good information from bad.That’s where Straitford earns its keep.Friedman relies on a lean staff of20in Austin.Several of his staff members have military-intelligence backgrounds.He sees the firm’s outsider status as the key to its success. Straitford’s briefs don’t sound like the usual Washington back-and-forthing,whereby agencies avoid dramatic declarations on the chance they might be wrong.Straitford,says Friedman,takes pride in its independent voice.41.The emergence of the Net has________.[A]received support from fans like Donovan[B]remolded the intelligence services[C]restored many common pastimes[D]revived spying as a profession42.Donovan’s story is mentioned in the text to________.[A]introduce the topic of online spying[B]show how he fought for the U.S.[C]give an episode of the information war[D]honor his unique services to the CIA43.The phrase“making the biggest splash”(Line1,Paragraph3)most probably means________.[A]causing the biggest trouble[B]exerting the greatest effort[C]achieving the greatest success[D]enjoying the widest popularity44.It can be learned from Paragraph4that________.[A]Straitford’s prediction about Ukraine has proved true[B]Straitford guarantees the truthfulness of its information[C]Straitford’s business is characterized by unpredictability[D]Straitford is able to provide fairly reliable information45.Straitford is most proud of its________.[A]official status[B]nonconformist image[C]efficient staff[D]military backgroundText2To paraphrase18th-century statesman Edmund Burke,“all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.”One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research.Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates,whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care.Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding,and few people understand the process of health care research.Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings,many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example,a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that comes from or is tested in animals—no meat,no fur,no medicines.Asked if she opposed immunizations,she wanted to know if vaccines come from animal research.When assured that they do,she replied,“Then I would have to say yes.”Asked what will happen when epidemics return,she said,“Don’t worry,scientists will find some way of using computers.”Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable way--in human terms,not in the language of molecular biology.We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement,a father’s bypass operation,a baby’s vaccinations,and even a pet’s shots.To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments,as well as new treatments and vaccines,animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done.Scientists could“adopt”middle school classes and present their own research.They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor,lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth.Research institutions could be opened to tours,to show that laboratory animals receive humane care. Finally,because the ultimate stakeholders are patients,the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper,who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research,but all who receive medical treatment.If good people do nothing,there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.46.The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to________.[A]call on scientists to take some actions[B]criticize the misguided cause of animal rights[C]warn of the doom of biomedical research[D]show the triumph of the animal rights movement47.Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is________.[A]cruel but natural[B]inhuman and unacceptable[C]inevitable but vicious[D]pointless and wasteful48.The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s________.[A]discontent with animal research[B]ignorance about medical science[C]indifference to epidemics[D]anxiety about animal rights49.The author believes that,in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates,scientistsshould________.[A]communicate more with the public[B]employ hi-tech means in research[C]feel no shame for their cause[D]strive to develop new cures50.From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is________.[A]a well-known humanist[B]a medical practitioner[C]an enthusiast in animal rights[D]a supporter of animal researchText3In recent years,railroads have been combining with each other,merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly.As recently as1995,the top four railroads accounted for under70percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails.Next year,after a series of mergers is completed,just four railroads will control well over90percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.Supporters of the new supersystems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service.Any threat of monopoly,they argue,is removed by fierce competition from trucks.But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances,such as coal,chemicals,and grain,trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company.Railroads typically charge such“captive”shippers20to30percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business.Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal government’s Surface Transportation Board for rate relief,but the process is expensive,time-consuming,and will work only in truly extreme cases.Railroads justify rate discrimination against captive shippers on the grounds that in the long run it reduces everyone’s cost.If railroads charged all customers the same average rate,they argue,shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so,leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.It’s a theory to which many economists subscribe,but in practice it often leaves railroads in the position of determining which companies will flourish and which will fail.“Do we really want railroads to be the arbiters of who wins and who loses in the marketplace?”asks Martin Bercovici,a Washington lawyer who frequently represents shippers.Many captive shippers also worry they will soon be hit with a round of huge rate increases. The railroad industry as a whole,despite its brightening fortunes,still does not earn enough to cover the cost of the capital it must invest to keep up with its surging traffic.Yet railroads continue to borrow billions to acquire one another,with Wall Street cheering them on.Consider the$10.2billion bid by Norfolk Southern and CSX to acquire Conrail this year.Conrail’s netrailway operating income in1996was just$427million,less than half of the carrying costs of the transaction.Who’s going to pay for the rest of the bill?Many captive shippers fear that they will,as Norfolk Southern and CSX increase their grip on the market.51.According to those who support mergers,railway monopoly is unlikely because________.[A]cost reduction is based on competition[B]services call for cross-trade coordination[C]outside competitors will continue to exist[D]shippers will have the railway by the throat52.What is many captive shippers’attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry?[A]Indifferent.[B]Supportive.[C]Indignant.[D]Apprehensive.53.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that________.[A]shippers will be charged less without a rival railroad[B]there will soon be only one railroad company nationwide[C]overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief[D]a government board ensures fair play in railway business54.The word“arbiters”(Line7,Paragraph4)most probably refers to those________.[A]who work as coordinators[B]who function as judges[C]who supervise transactions[D]who determine the price55.According to the text,the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by________.[A]the continuing acquisition[B]the growing traffic[C]the cheering Wall Street[D]the shrinking marketText4It is said that in England death is pressing,in Canada inevitable and in California optional. Small wonder.Americans’life expectancy has nearly doubled over the past century.Failing hips can be replaced,clinical depression controlled,cataracts removed in a30-minute surgical procedure.Such advances offer the aging population a quality of life that was unimaginablewhen I entered medicine50years ago.But not even a great health-care system can cure death--and our failure to confront that reality now threatens this greatness of ours.Death is normal;we are genetically programmed to disintegrate and perish,even under ideal conditions.We all understand that at some level,yet as medical consumers we treat death as a problem to be solved.Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care,we demand everything that can possibly be done for us,even if it’s useless.The most obvious example is late-stage cancer care.Physicians--frustrated by their inability to cure the disease and fearing loss of hope in the patient--too often offer aggressive treatment far beyond what is scientifically justified.In1950,the U.S.spent$12.7billion on health care.In2002,the cost will be$1,540billion. Anyone can see this trend is unsustainable.Yet few seem willing to try to reverse it.Some scholars conclude that a government with finite resources should simply stop paying for medical care that sustains life beyond a certain age--say83or so.Former Colorado governor Richard Lamm has been quoted as saying that the old and infirm“have a duty to die and get out of the way,”so that younger,healthier people can realize their potential.I would not go that far.Energetic people now routinely work through their60s and beyond, and remain dazzlingly productive.At78,Viacom chairman Sumner Redstone jokingly claims to be53.Supreme Court Justice Sandra Day O’Connor is in her70s,and former surgeon general C. Everett Koop chairs an Internet start-up in his80s.These leaders are living proof that prevention works and that we can manage the health problems that come naturally with age.As a mere 68-year-old,I wish to age as productively as they have.Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit.As a physician,I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful.I also know that people in Japan and Sweden,countries that spend far less on medical care,have achieved longer,healthier lives than we have.As a nation,we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.56.What is implied in the first sentence?[A]Americans are better prepared for death than other people.[B]Americans enjoy a higher life quality than ever before.[C]Americans are over-confident of their medical technology.[D]Americans take a vain pride in their long life expectancy.57.The author uses the example of cancer patients to show that________.[A]medical resources are often wasted[B]doctors are helpless against fatal diseases[C]some treatments are too aggressive[D]medical costs are becoming unaffordable58.The author’s attitude toward Richard Lamm’s remark is one of________.[A]strong disapproval[B]reserved consent[C]slight contempt[D]enthusiastic support59.In contrast to the U.S.,Japan and Sweden are funding their medical care________.[A]more flexibly[B]more extravagantly[C]more cautiously[D]more reasonably60.The text intends to express the idea that________.[A]medicine will further prolong people’s lives[B]life beyond a certain limit is not worth living[C]death should be accepted as a fact of life[D]excessive demands increase the cost of health carePart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET2.(10points)Human beings in all times and places think about their world and wonder at their place in it. Humans are thoughtful and creative,possessed of insatiable curiosity.61)Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live,thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies.Therefore,it is important to study humans in all their richness and diversity in a calm and systematic manner,with the hope that the knowledge resulting from such studies can lead humans to a more harmonious way of living with themselves and with all other life forms on this planet Earth.“Anthropology”derives from the Greek words anthropos:“human”and logos“the study of.”By its very name,anthropology encompasses the study of all humankind.Anthropology is one of the social sciences.62)Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned,orderly, systematic,and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.Social science disciplines include geography,economics,political science,psychology,and sociology.Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology.All the social sciences focus upon the study of humanity.Anthropology is a field-study oriented discipline which makes extensive use of the comparative method in analysis.63)The emphasis on data gathered first-hand,combined with a cross-cultural perspective brought to theanalysis of cultures past and present,makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.Anthropological analyses rest heavily upon the concept of culture.Sir Edward Tylor’s formulation of the concept of culture was one of the great intellectual achievements of19th century science.64)Tylor defined culture as“…that complex whole which includes belief,art, morals,law,custom,and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society.”This insight,so profound in its simplicity,opened up an entirely new way of perceiving and understanding human life.Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned,shared,and patterned behavior.65)Thus,the anthropological concept of“culture,”like the concept of“set”in mathematics, is an abstract concept which makes possible immense amounts of concrete research and understanding.Section IV Writing66.Directions:Study the following set of drawings carefully and write an essay in which you should1)describe the set of drawings,interpret its meaning,and2)point out its implications in our life.You should write about200words neatly on ANSWER SHEET2.(20points)2003年考研英语真题答案解析Section I:Listening Comprehension(20points)Part A(5points)1.18762.19813.textiles4.19,1375.concerts Part B(5points)6.(the couple)themselves7.constructively8.a qualified psychologist9.good intentions10.absencePart C(10points)11.[D]12.[A]13.[D]14.[B]15.[C]16.[B]17.[B]18.[C]19.[A]20.[D]Section II:Use of English(10points)一、文章总体分析文章主要论述了教师们应该关注青少年在成长时期所经历的情感、心智和生理上的变化，并采取方法帮助他们适应这些变化，健康成长。

2003年考研英语—真题及答案

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2003年9月大学英语六级真题及答案

B) She thinks it worthwhile to try Santerbale’s C) She knows a less expensive place for a haircut. D) She would like to make an appointment for the man. 6. A) The woman doesn't want Io cook a meal. B) The woman wants to have a picnic. C) The woman has a poor memory.
☺☞ 英语老师不想告诉你的网站☜
学习爱上问学堂——中国领先的教育 B2C 平台。
C) The Asian elephant is less popular with tourists. D) The Asian elephant produces ivory of a better quality. 15. A) From the captured or tamed elephants. B) From the British wildlife protection group. C) From elephant hunters in Thailand and Burma. D) From tourists visiting the Thai-Burmese border. 16. A) Their taming for circuses and zoos. B) The destruction of their natural homes. C) Man's lack of knowledge about their behavior. D) The greater vulnerability to extinction than other species. Passage Three Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 17. A) They had lost their jobs as a result of the Industrial Revolution. B) They had been suffering from political and religious oppression. C) They wanted to flee from the widespread famine in Northern Europe. D) They wanted to make a fortune there by starting their own businesses. 18. A) They might lose control of their members because of the increase in immigration. B) Their members might find it difficult to get along with the newcomers. C) The working condition of their members might deteriorate. D) Their members might lose their jobs to the newcomers. 19. A) To impose restrictions on further immigration. B) To improve the working conditions of immigrants. C) To set a minimum wage level for new immigrants. D) To put requirements on languages for newcomers. 20. A) They were looked down upon by European immigrants. B) They had a hard time seeking equal job opportunities. C) They worked very hard to earn a decent living. D) They strongly opposed continued immigration. Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part, Each passage is followed by some questions at unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. In 1985 when a Japan Air Lines (JAL) jet crashed, its president, Yasumoto Takagi, called each victim’s family to apologize, and then promptly resigned. And in 1987, when a subsidiary of Toshiba sole sensitive military technology to the former Soviet Union, the chairman of Toshiba gave up his post. These executive actions, which Toshiba calls “the highest form of apology,” may seem bizarre to US managers. No one at Boeing resigned after the JAL crash, which may have been

考研英语二2010-2019历年真题及答案解析

2010年考研英语二真题Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points)The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexico was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic__1__ by the World Health Organization in 41 years.The heightened alert__2__an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising__3__in Britain, Japan, Chile and elsewhere.But the epidemic is "__4__" in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organization's director general, __5__ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the __6__ of any medical treatment.The outbreak came to global __7__ in late April 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths __8__ healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to __9__ in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world.In the United States, new cases seemed to fade __10__ warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was __11__ flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the__12__ tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U.S., it has __13__ more than one million people, and caused more than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations.Federal health officials __14__Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began__15__orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is __16__ ahead of expectations. More than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those __17__doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not__18__for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other __19__. But it was still possible to vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people __20__ infants and healthy young people.1 [A] criticized [B] appointed [C]commented [D] designated2 [A] proceeded [B] activated [C] followed [D] prompted3 [A] digits [B] numbers [C] amounts [D] sums4 [A] moderate [B] normal [C] unusual [D] extreme5 [A] with [B] in [C] from [D] by6 [A] progress [B] absence [C] presence [D] favor7 [A] reality [B] phenomenon [C] concept [D] notice8. [A]over [B] for [C] among [D] to9 [A] stay up [B] crop up [C] fill up [D] cover up10 [A] as [B] if [C] unless [D] until11 [A] excessive [B] enormous [C] significant [D]magnificent12 [A]categories [B] examples [C] patterns [D] samples13 [A] imparted [B] immerse [C] injected [D] infected14 [A] released [B] relayed [C] relieved [D] remained15 [A] placing [B] delivering [C] taking [D] giving16 [A] feasible [B] available [C] reliable [D] applicable17 [A] prevalent [B] principal [C] innovative [D] initial18 [A] presented [B] restricted [C] recommended [D] introduced19 [A] problems [B] issues [C] agonies [D] sufferings20 [A] involved in [B] caring for [C] concerned with [D] warding off SectionSection Ⅱ Reading comprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B ,C and D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40 points)Text1The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, Beautiful Inside My Head Forever, at Sotheby’s in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than ā70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy.The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firm—double the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down to $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries.In the weeks and months that foll owed Mr Hirst’s sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most overheated sector, they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the world’s two biggest auction houses, Sotheby’s and Christie’s, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them.The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though some have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christie’s chief executive, says: “I’m pretty confident we’re at the bottom.”What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell. The three Ds—death, debt and divorce—still deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return.21. In the first paragraph, Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as “a last victory” because ____.A. the art market had witnessed a succession of victoriesB. the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bidsC. Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpiecesD. it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis22. By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable” (Para. 3), the author suggeststhat_____.A. collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctionsB. people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleriesC. art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extentD. works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they were not worth buying23. Which of the following statements is NOT ture?A. Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008.B. The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum.C. The art market generally went downward in various ways.D. Some art dealers were awaiting better chances to come.24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ____A. auction houses' favoritesB. contemporary trendsC. factors promoting artwork circulationD. styles representing Impressionists25. The most appropriate title for this text could be ___A. Fluctuation of Art PricesB. Up-to-date Art AuctionsC. Art Market in DeclineD. Shifted Interest in ArtsText2I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room -- a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative frequently offering ideas and anecdotes while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands don't talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said "She's the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It's true" he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she didn't keep the conversation going we'd spend the whole evening in silence."This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage.The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late '70s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book "Divorce Talk" that most of the women she interviewed -- but only a few of the men -- gave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year -- a virtual epidemic of failed conversation.In my own research complaints from women about their husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning cooking social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: "He doesn't listen to me" "He doesn't talk to me." I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives.In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotypical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face while a woman glares at the back of it wanting to talk.26. What is most wives' main expectation of their husbands?A. Talking to them.B. Trusting them.C. Supporting their careers.D. Shsring housework.27. Judging from the context ,the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means ___ .A. generating motivation.B. exerting influenceC. causing damageD. creating pressure28. All of the following are true EXCEPT_______A. men tend to talk more in public tan womenB. nearly 50percent of recent divorces are caused by failed conversationC. women attach much importance to communication between couplesD. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse29. Which of the following can best summarize the mian idea of this text ?A. The moral decaying deserves more research by sociologists .B. Marriage break_up stems from sex inequalities.C. Husband and wofe have different expectations from their marriage.D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different.30. In the following part immediately after this text,the author will most probably focus on ______A. a vivid account of the new book Divorce TalkB. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoonC. other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S.D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew HackerTxet3over the past decade, many companies had perfected the art of creating automatic behaviors —habits —among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues.“There are fundamental public health problems, like hand washing with soap, that remain killers only because we can’t figure out how to change people’s habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private ind ustry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.”The companies that Dr. Curtis turned to — Procter & Gamble, Colgate-Palmolive and Unilever —had invested hundreds of millions of dollars finding the subtle cues in consumers’ lives that corpora tions could use to introduce new routines.If you look hard enough, you’ll find that many of the products we use every day — chewing gums, skin moisturizers, disinfecting wipes, air fresheners, water purifiers, health snacks, antiperspirants, colognes, teeth whiteners, fabric softeners, vitamins —are results of manufactured habits. A century ago, few people regularly brushed their teeth multiple times a day. Today, because of canny advertising and public health campaigns, many Americans habitually give their pearly whites a cavity-preventing scrub twice a day, often with Colgate, Crest or one of the other brands.A few decades ago, many people didn’t drink water outside of a meal. Then beverage companies started bottling the production of far-off springs,and now office workers unthinkingly sip bottled water all day long. Chewing gum, once bought primarily by adolescent boys, is now featured in commercials as a breath freshener and teeth cleanser for use after a meal. Skin moisturizers are advertised as part of morning beauty rituals,slipped in between hair brushing and putting on makeup.“Our products succeed when they become part of daily or weekly patterns,” said Carol Berning, a consumer psychologist who recently retired from Procter & Gamble, the company that sold $76 billion of Tide, Crest and other products last year. “Creating positive habits is a huge part of improving our consumers’ lives, and it’s essential to making new products commercially viable.”Through experiments and observation, social scientists like Dr. Berning have learned that there is power in tying certain behaviors to habitual cues through relentless advertising. As this new science of habit has emerged, controversies have erupted when the tactics have been used to sell questionable beauty creams or unhealthy foods.31. According to Dr.Curtis,habits like hand washing with soap________.[A] should be further cultivated[B] should be changed gradually[C] are deepiy rooted in history[D] are basically private concerns32. Bottled water,chewing gun and skin moisturizers are mentioned in Paragraph 5 so as to____[A] reveal their impact on people’habits[B] show the urgent need of daily necessities[C]indicate their effect on people’buying power[D]manifest the significant role of good habits33. which of the following does NOT belong to products that help create people’s habits?[A]Tide[B]Crest[C]Colgate[D]Unilver34. From the text wekonw that some of consumer’s habits are developed due to _____[A]perfected art of products[B]automatic behavior creation[C]commercial promotions[D]scientific experiments35. the author’sattitude toward the influence of advertisement on people’s habits is____[A]indifferent[B]negative[C]positive[D]biasedText4Many Americans regard the jury system as a concrete expression of crucial democratic values, including the principles that all citizens who meet minimal qualifications of age and literacy are equally competent to serve on juries; that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts should represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for them.But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of strauder v. West Virginia,the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws.The system also failed to regularly include women on juries until the mid-20th century. Although women first served on state juries in Utah in 1898,it was not until the 1940s that a majority of states made women eligible for jury duty. Even then several states automatically exempted women from jury duty unless they personlly asked to have their names included on the jury list. This practice was justified by the claim that women were needed at home, and it kept juries unrepresentative of women through the 1960s.In 1968, the Congress of the United States passed the Jury Selection and Service Act, ushering in a new era of democratic reforms for the jury.This law abolished special educational requirements for federal jurors and required them to be selected at random from a cross section of the entire community. In the landmark 1975 decision Taylor v. Louisiana, the Supreme Court extended the requirement that juries be representative of all parts of the community to the state level. The Taylor decision also declared sex discrimination in jury selection to be unconstitutional and ordered states to use the same procedures for selecting male and female jurors.36. From the principles of theUS jury system,welearn that ______[A]both litcrate and illiterate people can serve on juries[B]defendants are immune from trial by their peers[C]no age limit should be imposed for jury service[D]judgment should consider the opinion of the public37. The practice of selecting so—called elite jurors prior to 1968 showed_____[A]the inadcquavy of antidiscrimination laws[B]the prevalent discrimination against certain races[C]the conflicting ideals in jury selection procedures38. Even in the 1960s,women were seldom on the jury list in some states because_____[A]they were automatically banned by state laws[B]they fell far short of the required qualifications[C]they were supposed to perform domestic duties[D]they tended to evade public engagement39. After the Jury Selection and Service Act was passed.___[A]sex discrimination in jury selection was unconstitutional and had to be abolished[B]educational requirements became less rigid in the selection of federal jurors[C]jurors at the state level ought to be representative of the entire community[D]states ought to conform to the federal court in reforming the jury system40. in discussing the US jury system,the text centers on_______[A]its nature and problems[B]its characteristics and tradition[C]its problems and their solutions[D]its tradition and developmentPart BDirections:Read the following text and decide whether each of the statements is true or false. Choose T if the statement is true or F it the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)Copying Birds May Save Aircraft FuelBOTH Boeing and Airbus have trumpeted the efficiency of their newest aircraft, the 787 and A350 respectively. Their clever designs and lightweight composites certainly make a difference. But a group of researchers at Stanford University, led by Ilan Kroo, has suggested that airlines could take a more naturalistic approach to cutting jet-fuel use, and it would not require them to buy new aircraft.The answer, says Dr Kroo, lies with birds. Since 1914, and a seminal paper by a German researcher called Carl Wieselsberger, scientists have known that birds flying in formation—a V-shape, echelon or otherwise—expend less energy. The air flowing over a birds wings curls upwards behind the wingtips, a phenomenon known as up wash. Other birds flying in the up wash experience reduced drag, and spend less energy propelling themselves. Peter Lissaman, an aeronautics expert who was formerly at Caltech and the University of Southern California ,has suggested that a formation of 25 birds might enjoy a range increase of 71%.When applied to aircraft, the principles are not substantially different. Dr Kroo and his team modelled what would happen if three passenger jets departing from Los Angeles, San Francisco and Las Vegas were to rendezvous over Utah, assume an inverted V-formation, occasionally swap places so all could have a turn in the most favourable positions, and proceed to London. They found that the aircraft consumed as much as 15% less fuel (with a concomitant reduction in carbon-dioxide output). Nitrogen-oxide emissions during the cruising portions of the flight fell by around a quarter.There are, of course, kinks to be worked out. One consideration is safety, or at least the perception of it. Would passengers feel comfortable travelling in convoy? Dr Kroo points out that the aircraft couldbe separated by several nautical miles, and would not be in the unnervingly cosy groupings favoured by display teams like the Red Arrows. A passenger peering out of the window might not even see the other planes. Whether the separation distances involved would satisfy air-traffic-control regulations is another matter, although a working group at the International Civil Aviation. Organisation has included the possibility of formation flying in a blueprint for new operational guidelines.It remains to be seen how weather conditions affect the air flows that make formation flight more efficient. In zones of increased turbulence, the planes’ wakes will decay more quickly and the effect will diminish. Dr Kroo says this is one of the areas his team will investigate further. It might also be hard for airlines to co-ordinate the departure times and destinations of passenger aircraft in a way that would allow them to gain from formation flight. Cargo aircraft, in contrast, might be easier to reschedule, as might routine military flights.As it happens, America’s armed forces are on the case already. Earlier this year the country’s Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency announced plans to pay Boeing to investigate formation flight, though the programme has yet to begin. There are reports that some military aircraft flew in formation when they were low on fuel during the second world war, but Dr Lissaman says they are apocryphal. “My father was an RAF pilot and my cousin the skipper of a Lancaster lost over Berlin,” he adds. So he should know.41. Findings of the Stanford University researchers will promote the sales of new Boeing and Airbus aircraft.42. The upwash experience may save propelling energy as well as reducing resistance.43.Formation flight is more comfortable because passengers can not see the other planes.44. The role that weather plays in formation flight has not yet been clearly defined.45. It has been documented that during World War II, A merica’s armed forces once tried formation flight to save fuel.Section Ⅲ Translation46.Directions: In this section there is a text in English .Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET2.(15points)“Suatainability” has become a popular word these days, but to Ted Ning, the concept will always have personal meaning. Having endured a painful period of unsustainability in his own life made it clear to him that sustainability-oriented values must be expressed though everyday action and choice.Ning recalls spending a confusing year in the late 1990s selling insurance. He’d been though the dot-com boom and burst and, desperate for a job, signed on with a Boulder agency.It didn’t go well. “It was a really had move because that’s not my passion,” says Ning, whose dilemma about the job translated, predictably, into a lack of sales. “I was miserable, I had so much anxiety that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling. I had no money and needed the job. Everyone said, ‘Just wait, you’ll trun the corner, give it some time.’”Section Ⅳ WritingPart A47.Directions: You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to1)Express your thanks for his/her warm reception;2) Welcome him/her to visit China in due course.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write your address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should1) Interpret the chart and2)Give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)2010年考研英语二答案Section I USE of English1 [D]2 [C]3 [B]4 [A]5 [A]6 [B]7 [D]8 [C]9 [B] 10 [A]11[C] 12 [D] 13 [D] 14 [A] 15 [C] 16 [B] 17 [D] 18 [C] 19 [A] 20 [B]Section II Reading Comprehension21 D选【D】，因为第一段段尾句As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankruptcy. 即雷曼兄弟公司破产。

2003年河北专接本(英语)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)

2003年河北专接本（英语）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Error Identification 4. Cloze 5. WritingA forger(伪造者)is a person who makes an imitation or copy of money or a document. A forger usually sells his works to people who don’t have much knowledge in the field. Robert Spring, a 19th century forger, was so good at his profession that he was able to make his living for 15 years by selling false signatures of famous Americans. At first he succeeded in selling his small but genuine collection of early U. S. autographs(亲笔签名). Discovering his ability at copying handwriting, he began imitating signatures of George Washington and Ben Franklin and writing them on the title pages of old books. To lessen the chance of detection, he sent his forgeries to England and Canada for sale. In Spring’s time, right after the Civil War, Britain was still fond of the Southern states, so Spring invented a Miss Fanny whose financial problems forced her to sell a great number of letters and manuscripts belonging to her famous father. Spring had to work very hard to satisfy the demand. All this activity did not prevent Spring from dying in poverty, leaving sharp - eyed experts the difficult task of separating his forgeries from the originals.1．Why did Spring sell his false autographs in England and Canada?A．There was a greater demand there than in America.B．There was less chance of being detected there.C．Britain was Spring’s birthplace.D．The prices were higher in England and Canada.正确答案：B2．After the Civil War, there was a great demand in Britain for______.A．Southern moneyB．Signatures of George Washington and Ben FranklinC．Southern manuscripts and lettersD．Civil War battle plans正确答案：C3．Robert Spring spent 15 years______.A．running a bookstore in PhiladelphiaB．corresponding with Miss Fanny JacksonC．as a forgerD．as a respectable dealer正确答案：C4．According to the passage, forgeries are usually sold to______.A．sharp - eyed expertsB．persons who aren’t expertsC．book dealersD．owners of old books正确答案：B5．Who was Miss Fanny Jackson?A．The only daughter of General “Stonewall Jackson”.B．A little - known girl who sold her father’s papers to Robert Spring.C．Robert Spring’s daughter.D．An imaginary person created by Spring.正确答案：DObviously it is meaningless in increasing your w. p. m. rate if you do not understand what you are reading. When you are consciously trying to increase your reading speed, stop after every chapter if you are reading a novel, or stop every section or group of ten or twelve pages if it is a textbook, and ask yourself a few questions about what you have been reading. If you find you have lost the clue of the story or you cannot remember clearly the details of what was said re - read the section or chapter. Try this from time to time. Take four or five pages of the general interest book you happen to be reading at the time. Read them as fast as you possibly can. Do not worry about whether you understand or not. Now go back and read them at what you feel to be your normal w. p. m. rate, the rate at which you can comfortably understand. After a lightning speed read through(probably about 600 w. p. m.)you will usually find that your technique that players use when they habitually run further in training than they will have to on the day of the big race.6．When you are reading a novel, the passage advises you to pause to check the content______.A．every chapterB．every hourC．every three or four pagesD．after every page正确答案：A7．The purpose of pausing so often is to______.A．rest the eyesB．make sure you have not missed any pagesC．make sure you really understand what you have readD．prevent brain fatigue正确答案：C8．If you have lost the clue of the story you are reading, the passage suggests______.A．choosing an easier bookB．glancing back over the chapter you have just readC．asking a friend to help you with the difficult wordsD．learning the previous chapter正确答案：B9．The purpose of the lightning speed exercise is to______.A．increase your normal speed by practicing at a very high rateB．get through the book in half the time so that you can go on to with the next C．help you understand more of the content of the bookD．enable you to win reading races against your friends正确答案：A10．The word “interest” in Paragraph 2 means______.A．attractiveB．easyC．interestingD．important正确答案：CSports and games make our bodies strong: prevent us from getting too fat, and keep us healthy. But these are not their only use. They give us valuable practice in making eyes, brain and muscles work together. In tennis, our eyes see the ball coming, judge its speed and direction and pass this information on to the brain. The brain has to decide what to do, and to send its orders to the muscles of the arms, legs and so on, so that the ball is met and hit back where it ought to go. All this must happen with very great speed: and only those who have had a lot of practice at tennis can carry out this complicated chain of events successfully. For those who work with their brains most of the day, the practice of such skills is especially useful. Sports and games are also very useful for character—training. In their lessons at school, boys and girls may learn about such virtues as unselfishness, courage, discipline and love of one’s country , but what is learned in books cannot have the same deep effect on achild’s character as what is learned by experience. The ordinary day—school cannot give much practical training in living, because most of the pupils’time is spent in classes, studying lessons. So it is what the pupils do in their spare time that really prepares them to take their place in society as citizens when they grow up. If each of them learns to work for his team and not for himself on the football field, he will later find it natural to work for their country instead of only for his own benefit.11．According to the author, sports and games are useful because they______.A．help us lose weightB．bring us much practice in bodyC．make us fat and strongD．improve our bodily strength and coordination正确答案：D12．The “complicated chain of events “ refers to______.A．the passing of information and making of decisionB．the meeting and hitting back of the ballC．the coordination of our eyes, brain and musclesD．a lot of practice before playing tennis正确答案：C13．By character - training, the author means that sports and games can help children______.A．live a better life when they grow upB．know better how to behave properly in their future lifeC．understand better the virtues they learn in booksD．take a better position in society正确答案：C14．According to the author, a child’s character can be most deeply influenced by______.A．what he does after classB．what he learns in booksC．his place in societyD．his lessons at school正确答案：A15．What is of the greatest importance to a football team is______.A．its membersB．its team workC．the football fieldD．the climate正确答案：BIn 1848 a settler in remote, undeveloped California discovered gold near Sacramento. As the news spread, a great tide of gold - hungry men flowed into California. These “ Forty - niners”(migrants of 1849)came from Europe. Some of the people moved across the country by wagon, traveling almost half a year and meeting many hardships and danger. Others sailed all the way around South America, finally reaching the California shore. Since the first discovery was of tiny pieces of gold at the bottom of a stream, many of the prospectors used pans and sieves, searching the waters of brooks and rivers for the precious specks of yellow metal. Others made channels to draw off flowing water in order to examine it carefully for specks of gold. They worked with almost insane determination and fierce competition. Life was hard and rough in the days of the California gold rush. A few of the adventurers became rich, but most of them were bitterly disappointed. After having uprooted themselves from home and from livelihood and after traveling the long, dangerous road to California, they had found little or nothing. Some returned home. But many remained in California to work and to settle as ordinary cozens without the riches they had dreamed of. It was this great influx of population that built up California very fast and led to its becoming a state of the United States in 1850.16．Many people rushed to California because______.A．they were hungry for discoveriesB．they were attracted by goldC．they were travelers form EuropeD．they looked for a new competition正确答案：B17．According to the author, some gold - seekers were perhaps from______.A．South AmericaB．England or FranceC．prosperous SacramentoD．industrialized California正确答案：B18．In Line Two, “Forty - niners” referred to______.A．those people who left CaliforniaB．the number of the gold - rushersC．the newcomers to California in 1849D．the year of gold rush正确答案：C19．A great many people remained in California because______. A．they found what they had expectedB．life there was full of competitionsC．they had no better choicesD．they still dreamed of the riches正确答案：C20．What was the suggested title for the passage?A．The California Gold RushB．The Migrants of 1849C．The Hard and Rough Life in CaliforniaD．How to Find Gold in California正确答案：AV ocabulary and Structure21．Have you______a single word I’ve been saying to you? A．taken inB．taken upC．taken overD．taken off正确答案：A22．Dr. Paul charges a high______for his service.A．profitB．payC．salaryD．earning正确答案：B23．You should keep your anger______control.A．withB．belowC．underD．within正确答案：C24．We all______the achievement he has made in his experiment.A．admireB．adoptC．adviseD．adjust正确答案：A25．Since we can’t hear you at the back of the hall, you’ll have to______your voice.A．riseB．raiseC．arouseD．arise正确答案：B26．He’s really a _____man, who always does unusual things.A．considerableB．responsibleC．remarkableD．available正确答案：C27．I______an old classmate of mine yesterday evening.A．ran outB．ran intoC．ran overD．ran away正确答案：B28．My sewing machine is not working______.A．relativelyB．correcdyC．properlyD．reasonably正确答案：C29．The manager promised to keep me______of how our business was going on.A．to be informedB．informC．informedD．informing正确答案：C30．On our road of advance we are______to meet with difficulties.A．foundB．boundC．forbiddenD．inclined正确答案：B31．It was not until 1936______those factories were rebuilt.A．whenB．whichC．thenD．that正确答案：D32．There are only______factories in this city______before.A．one -fifth as many…asB．one -fifth as many…thanC．one -fifth fewer…thanD．as one -fifth…as正确答案：A33．Little______of passing the coming examination.A．I did thinkB．thought IC．did I thinkD．I thought正确答案：C34．It will not be long______we can have a trip to the moonA．thatB．afterC．untilD．before正确答案：D35．In choosing a career, many young people would______of their parents. A．take the wordsB．listen to the adviceC．follow the adviceD．hear the words正确答案：C36．Florida can______vegetables______the rest of the country in America A．give…withB．provide…forC．meet…forD．supply... with正确答案：B37．He was in a traffic jam, ______made him late for school.A．thatB．whichC．whatD．how正确答案：B38．I don’t think that I shall fail. But if I______I would try again. A．should failB．would failC．shall failD．had fail正确答案：A39．______ had they heard the news______they rushed out of the classroom. A．Hardly …whenB．Hardly…thenC．Scarcely…thanD．No sooner…when正确答案：A40．The subject______I am most interested is English.A．in thatB．in whatC．in whichD．in where正确答案：C41．They are very sad to learn______students passing the exam is small.A．a number ofB．the number ofC．an amount ofD．the amount of正确答案：B42．I have never spoken ill of her, ______I don’t like her.A．ifB．becauseC．so thatD．though正确答案：D43．I have no doubt______he will overcome all the difficulties.A．whetherB．ifC．thatD．so as to正确答案：C44．I gave him the book, but demanded that he______it to me in a week.A．will returnB．returnC．would returnD．returned正确答案：B45．Bob’s right hand was seriously injured and he would be______for work for several weeks.A．healthyB．unfitC．suitableD．anxious正确答案：B46．Will you please telephone a hotel in the city to______a room for me?A．bookB．occupyC．preserveD．ask正确答案：A47．It seems to me that you have been______your studies recently.A．ignoringB．neglectingC．overlookingD．missing正确答案：B48．The song sung at the party reminded him______his first lesson during his school - days.A．ofB．onC．toD．off正确答案：A49．Some people want to go hunting______others want to go fishing.A．orB．becauseC．whileD．since正确答案：C50．She is leaving her husband because she cannot______his bad temper any longer.A．put upB．put awayC．put byD．put up with正确答案：D51．He came all the way to China for promoting friendship______for making money.A．other thanB．better thanC．more thanD．rather than正确答案：D52．I prefer______.A．watching sports than playing themB．to watch sport than to play themC．watching sports rather than play themD．to watch sports rather than play them正确答案：D53．______from a distance the mountain looks like an elephant.A．SeeingB．To seenC．Through seeingD．Seen正确答案：D54．Whether we’ll go for picnic tomorrow______the weather.A．decides onB．depends onC．deals withD．cares about正确答案：B55．The great scientist’s ability to learn from experience and experiment greatly______to his success.A．relatedB．owedC．contributedD．attached正确答案：C56．The drug which is suspected of having side effects has been______from the market.A．takenB．withdrawnC．pulledD．driven正确答案：B57．I am feeling too tired to drive any more, will you______?A．turn overB．take overC．hand overD．go over正确答案：B58．It would be______to get a second opinion before taking any further action.A．sensationalB．sensitiveC．senselessD．sensible正确答案：D59．She decided to______in the history course at the local evening school.A．enterB．enrollC．attendD．register正确答案：D60．The fall in the number of deaths from heart disease is generally______improvement in diet.A．attributed toB．adjusted toC．adapted toD．accustomed to正确答案：A61．People are criticizing the economic policies that have______the decline of manufacturing industry.A．adoptedB．acceptedC．accessedD．accelerated正确答案：D62．It was another four years before I could______as a lawyer.A．enableB．entitleC．graduateD．qualify正确答案：D63．She has______some very unpleasant habits recendy.A．occupiedB．acquiredC．obtainedD．committed正确答案：B64．______the weather, we got here quite quickly.A．ConsideredB．ConsideringC．Judged byD．Judging by正确答案：B65．I think I’d like to stay at home this evening______go out.A．but ratherB．just as wellC．rather thanD．more than正确答案：C66．She is very talkative, but her brother, ______talks litde.A．by comparisonB．in contrastC．by chanceD．in consequence正确答案：B67．My new glasses cost me______the last pair that I bought.A．as many as three timesB．three times as much asC．three times as many asD．as much three times as正确答案：B68．The under - 18s______nearly 25% of the town’s population.A．composeB．consistC．includeD．constitute正确答案：D69．The school has only been open for 6 months, so it is hard to______its success.A．appreciateB．estimateC．evaluateD．undermine正确答案：C70．The children in our family are always______to their elders.A．respectedB．respectableC．respectfulD．respective正确答案：CError Identification71．AIn his Blatest article, the reporter criticized the way Cwhich the racial problem was Dbeing handled.A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：(which改为that或in which)72．In his books and even in his Aenormous journal, he withheld or disguised Bmost of the facts Cfrom that an understanding Dof his life could be drawn.A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：(that改为which)73．Fire, the phenomenon of combustion Aas observed in light, flame, and heat, Bit is one of the Cbasic tools Dof mankind.A．B．C．D．正确答案：B解析：(去掉it)74．AIf the experiment succeeds or fails, it will Bprovide us with Cvaluable experience, which is essential to Dimproving our future work.A．B．C．D．正确答案：A解析：(If改为Whether)75．Agriculture Awill have to undergo a drastic change Bto meet the needs of the new situation Cor that the country Dwill starve.A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：(去掉that)76．Susan, Atogether with her husband and Btwo sons, Care to arrive Don the evening flight.A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：(are改为is)77．Neither Ahe nor BI Care going to attend Dthe lecture this afternoon.A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：(are going改为am going)78．Smith sold Amost of his Bbelongings. He has hardly Cnothing left Din the house.A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：(nothing改为anything)79．It Ahas reported that 200 people died and Bover 5000 lost Ctheir shelters Dafter the flood.A．B．C．D．正确答案：A解析：(has reported改为has been reported)80．John, Abrought up in his uncle’s home, doesn’t see Bthings in much Cthe same way which his brother Henry Ddoes.A．B．C．D．正确答案：C解析：(which改为as)ClozeTelevision, it is often said, keeps one【C1】______about current events, allows one to follow the【C2】______development in science and politics, and【C3】______an endless series of programs which are both【C4】______and stimulating. The most distant【C5】______and the strangest customs are brought right【C6】______one’s sitting - room. It could be argued that the radio performs this【C7】______just as well:but on television everything is mush more living, much more【C8】______. Yet here is a danger. The television screen itself has a terrible, almost physical fascination for us. We get【C9】______used to looking at its movements, so【C10】______on its flickering pictures, that it belongs to【C11】______our lives. A friend of【C12】______told me the other day that his television set had broken【C13】______and that he and his family had suddenly found that they had far more time to do things, and that they had 【C14】______begun to talk to each other again. It makes one think. 【C15】______it! There are many other arguments for and against television. The poor【C16】______of its programs is often criticize, but it is undoubtedly a great comfort to many【C17】______elderly people. And does it corrupt or instruct our children? I think we must realize that television【C18】______is neither good nor bad. It is the uses【C19】______which it is put that determines its【C20】______to society.81．【C1】A．informativeB．informedC．knowingD．familiar正确答案：B82．【C2】A．latterB．lateC．latestD．later正确答案：C83．【C3】A．offersB．awardsC．rewardsD．avails正确答案：A84．【C4】A．instructiveB．teachingC．constructiveD．illuminating正确答案：A85．【C5】A．nations B．powers C．states D．countries正确答案：D86．【C6】A．up to B．into C．down D．inside正确答案：B87．【C7】A．business B．aid C．service D．duty正确答案：C88．【C8】A．true B．real C．actual D．active正确答案：B89．【C9】A．quite B．much C．so D．rather正确答案：C90．【C10】A．dependableB．dependent C．reliable D．relying正确答案：D91．【C11】A．dominate B．master C．rule D．ruin正确答案：A92．【C12】A．me B．my C．mine D．I正确答案：C93．【C13】A．down B．up C．off D．out正确答案：A94．【C14】A．truly B．actually C．genuinely D．really正确答案：B95．【C15】A．does B．doesn’t C．isn’t D．is正确答案：B96．【C16】A．quantity B．quality C．character D．grade正确答案：B97．【C17】A．lonely B．alone C．single D．solitary正确答案：A98．【C18】A．by itself B．of itself C．in itself D．itself正确答案：D99．【C19】A．intoB．toC．on D．toward正确答案：C100．【C20】A．price B．worth C．merit D．value正确答案：DWriting101．Read the following incomplete passage and develop it in about 100 words on the Answer Sheet. My Hometown’s Yesterday and Today My hometown is a beautiful place, but it is not very big. It stands beside a wide river at the foot of a green hill. But what were things like in the town in the old days? It is said that it was a sad dirty little town. There were only about several thousand people in it. Life was good for a few rich families. Butt most of the people were poor. They lived in dark, unhealthy rooms in old buildings and small huts on narrow muddy streets. Everything has changed now.正确答案：My Hometown’ s Yesterday and Today My hometown is a beautiful place, but it is not very big. It stands beside a wide river at the foot of a green hill. But what were things like in the town in the old days? It is said that it was a sad dirty litde town. There were only about several thousand people in it. Life was good for a few rich families. But most of the people were poor. They lived in dark, unhealthy rooms in old buildings and small huts on narrow muddy streets. Everything has changed now. My hometown has now developed into an industrial city. There are factories and department stores here and there. All the former villagers in my hometown are now either working at factories or in institutions. Some of them have even become millionaires. Most of the urban people have moved into new houses. All of their children are now studying at various schools, colleges or graduate schools. With the rapid development of our national economy, my hometown will develop at an even higher speed. The people in my hometown are confident that their life will get better generation after generation. The future of my hometown tomorrow will be even brighter.。

2003考研英语真题答案

2003考研英语真题答案导语：以下是2003年考研英语真题的详细解析，包括听力、阅读理解和完形填空部分的答案和解析。

希望对考生们的备考有所帮助。

听力部分答案与解析:Section A: Short Conversations1-5: C A B C B解析：这组对话的主题是日常生活中常见的话题，包括维修电器、购物、办公用品等。

对话内容通常在问题中可以直接找到答案，要注意听清关键词。

6-10: C C A A B解析：这组对话主要是关于校园生活和学生活动安排。

细节题主要考查对对话内容的理解，特别是时间、地点、人物关系等方面的细节。

Section B: Short Passages11-15: A B A B C解析：这组短文主要是根据听到的短文内容进行细节理解。

答案往往可以在短文中直接找到。

16-20: B C B A A解析：这组短文主要是关于科技、环境等方面的话题。

考生要着重抓住关键词，并结合整个短文进行理解。

Section C: Long Conversation21-25: B C A C B解析：这篇长对话主要是讨论关于是否组织出国旅行的问题，考生需要关注对话中人物的观点和理由，从而推断出正确答案。

Passage One:26-30: D C B C A解析：这篇文章主要讲述了海鸟的迁徙和它们通过观察星座进行导航的能力。

题目多为细节题和观点题。

Passage Two:31-35: D A C D B解析：这篇文章主要讲述了经济发展与环境保护之间的关系，以及社会各界对此的反应。

题目多为细节题和观点题。

Passage Three:36-40: C B A D D解析：这篇文章主要是介绍古代文化遗址的保护工作及其重要性。

题目多为细节题和观点题。

完形填空部分答案与解析:41-45: C B D A D解析：这篇文章主要是讲述了一个小女孩通过音乐和舞蹈来治愈她心灵上的创伤。

选择题的答案多依赖于上下文的语境理解。

2003年考研英语完形填空真题解析

1.2003年考研英语完形填空真题解析2.3.Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes4.that young adults experience.5.And they also need to6.give serious 21 thought to7.how they can be best 22 accommodate such changes.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.31.32.33.34.b)c)In these activities,35.it is important to remember that the young teens36.have 34 short attention spans. 注意力持续时间很短37.A variety of activities should be organized38.35 so that participants can remain active as long as they want 这样参加活动的人就能想活动多久就活动多久39.and then go on to 36something else 然后就可以做一些其它的事情40.without feeling guilty41.and without letting the other participants 37 down . 也不会让其它参与者失望42.This does not mean that 这并不是说43.adults must accept irresponsibility. 大人必须接受不负责任的做法44.38 On the contrary45.they can help students acquire a sense of commitment 获得一种责任感46.by 39planning for roles47.that are within their 40 capability 他们力所能及48.and their attention spans 又在他们注意力时间范围49.and by having clearly stated rules.通过制定清楚的活动规则50.in ways and emotional success andstudents by having25.[A] assistance[B] guidance[C] confidence[D] tolerance26.[A] claimed[B] admired[C] ignored[D] surpassed27.[A] improper[B] risky[C] fair[D] wise28.[A] in effect[B] as a result[C] for example[D] in a sense29.[A] displaying[B] describing[C] creating[D] exchanging30.[A] durable[B] excessive[C] surplus[D] multiple31.[A] group[B] individual[C] personnel[D] corporation32.[A] consent[B] insurance[C] admission[D] security33.[A] particularly[B] barely[C] definitely[D] rarely34.[A] similar[B] long[C] different[D] short35.[A] if only[B] now that[C] so that[D] even if文章背景21. " 与A项"建议"不相照应; idea to和的how22."适应"这"，而不熟适应)，二23.【解析】[C] 语义辨析题。

2005年考研英语真题答案及解析

2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题答案与解析Section I Use of English一、文章题材结构分析这是一篇科普性说明文，文章主要介绍了人类嗅觉的特点及原因。

文章首段指提出说明的中心。

第二段对人们对某些气味的敏感程度的差异原因进行了分析，并指出这种不敏感是可以改变的。

第三段进一步解释了人类对气味不敏感的原因。

二、试题解析1.[A]although虽然，表让步[B]as因为，表因果[C]but但是，表转折[D]while虽然，表让步【答案】C【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】0.183【解析】从选项内容和文章中句子结构可以判断空要求填入一个表示前后两个句子逻辑关系的连词，空前的句子谈到“和动物相比，人类经常被认为是不敏感的”，空后谈到这主要是由于我们是直立行走的（动物）。

显然后句是说明人类不敏感的原因，既然人类不敏感是有原因的，那么反过来表达的就是人类应该是敏感的，前句谈到不敏感，后句反馈的是敏感，含义对立，只能填入转折连词，故答案为C。

2.[A]above在上面[B]unlike不像……[C]excluding不包括[D]beside除……之外【答案】B【考点】逻辑搭配【难度系数】0.874【解析】这里在谈到人是直立的动物之前，出现了一个动物，显然是和人类进行对比，能表示这一含义的只有B。

3.[A]limited(to)局限于[B]committed(to)献身于[C]dedicated(to)致力于，献身于[D]confined(to)局限于【答案】A【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】0.395【解析】空所在的句子开头用“this means…”，显然这是对上面一句的继续解释，句子说“我们的鼻子感受到那些浮在空气中的气味，大部分气味依附于地面。

”前文已经谈到由于人类的直立而使得人类不如动物敏感，那么直立自然应该能感受到浮在空气中的气味，而感受不到依附于地面的气味，这样人类的嗅觉就是有局限的，因此前面的一个空填入的词应该表示局限于空气中的气味，后面一空填的应该表示没有能感觉到依附于地面的气味，符合这一语义的第一空为limited，后一空为missing，故本题答案为A，下一空答案为C。

历年考研英语二真题+答案解析

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't .(10 )B (15 )48,(1) ,(2)150 .2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试(英语二)试题标准答案I （10）1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2021 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3031 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 4041 42 43 44 45Ⅲ最近，“承受力”\坚持不懈”成了一个流行词，但对来说，他对其含义有自己亲身的体会。

2003年12月英语六级考试真题及答案

【正确答案】：B 【参考解析】：无
第2题： He was looking admiringly at the photograph published by Collins in _______ with the
Imperial Museum. A) collection C) collaboration B) connection D) combination
【正确答案】：B 【参考解析】：无
第21题： More than 85 percent of French Canada’s population speaks French as a mother tongue and
_______ to the Roman Catholic faith. A) caters C) ascribes B) adheres D) subscribes
第11题： The ball _______ two or three times before rolling down the slope.
A) swayed C) hopped B) bounced D) darted
【正确答案】：B 【参考解析】：无
第12题： He raised his eyebrows and stuck his head forward and _______ it in a single nod, a gesture
A) flung C) ejected B) propelled D) injected
【正确答案】：C 【参考解析】：无
第14题： With prices _______ so much, it is difficult for the school to plan a budget.

2003年考研英语真题解析之阅读理解

2003年考研英语真题解析之阅读理解考研英语阅读和翻译是分不开的，要掌握文章主旨，理解文章内涵，必须要有一定的翻译能力，尤其是面对长难句时，模糊带过往往不能解决问题。

凯程在线带领大家逐句翻译阅读真题，希望大家能够先打好基础，攻克长难句便指日可待。

2003年第1篇第9句In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could compile the most data about Burundi.词汇：contest //n. 竞赛compile //v. 收集;编译Burundi //n. (国家名)布隆迪结构：In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see (主句)//who could compile the most data about Burundi(who宾语从句).译文：1995年，中情局举办了一个比赛，看谁能收集到最多的关于布隆迪的资料。

考场上做题时间如何合理分配?在考试的考场里面，我们的考试是在下午两点到下午五点之间，三个小时的时间进行的。

这就意味着在考场里面你的阅读这部分，理论上讲，你有72分钟的时间，这72分钟做四篇文章，每篇文章大概明确说了，给我考1600个词，每篇文章400个词，实际上考察的过程当中是400到420个单词。

这样平均下来，每一篇文章各位有18分钟的时间。

但是，实际上在考场里面要比18分钟还要多。

为什么?首先，因为考试的时候是在12月底，那是北半球最冷的时候，下午的考试，上午考试结束，中午同学们吃东西，回来之后一般站在操场上，因为我们的考点多数设置在一些中学或者职业高中里面，大家在操场上结合，站到1：40分的时候，很冷的，基本上一点五十大家都坐定了，提前你大概能想出两到三分钟的时间。

很多同学认为完形填空那部分考的不是英语，考的是人品，平时不扶老太太过马路的往往分是低点，同学基本上蒙，不蒙能维系到三分到四分。

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河南省2003年普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试公共英语Part Ⅰ Vocabulary and Structure (1×30 points)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1._______that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.A. It was the 1990sB. That it was in the 1990sC. It was in the 1990sD. During the 1990s2. Mary said that Hemingway was her_______writer and that she had read nearly all of his novels.A. FamousB. popularC. CommonD. favorite3. She_______English since she was a child.A. LearningB. had learnedC. is learningD. has been learning4. Not until ten o’clock _______it was too late to return.A. they realizedB. they did realizeC. did they realizeD. realized they5. Once a decision is made，it must be_______ firmly.A. carried onB. carried outC. carried awayD. carried off6. _______born in Chicago，the writer is most famous for his stories about New York City.A. AlthoughB. SinceC. WhenD. As7. The pen I am writing my letter with is different from______.A. that oneB. oneC. the oneD. the ones8. Without his wise mother，he______such a successful scientist.A. would not becomeB. should not have becomeC. may not have becomeD. could not have become9. ______，we shall go out for a picnic on Sunday.A. Weather permitsB. Weather permittingC. With weather permitsD. With weather permitting10. The color______ from yellow through green to black.A. RangesB. constitutesC. ComposesD. consists11. Experiments ______that accurate measurements be made.A. ShowB. proveC. DemandD. head12. I tried to catch the ball but it was ______my reach.A. BeyondB. besidesC. in addition toD. as well as13. Those scientists were conducting an experiment and expected a good______ .A. EffectB. resultC. ConsequenceD. affect14. Under heavy gunfire，those cameramen risked their lives to give______battle field reports.A. word-for -wordB. face- to- faceC.down -to- earthD. on- the- spot15. I appreciate ______to your birthday party.A. to be invitedB. to have invitedC. having invitedD. being invited16. The rain was heavy and ______the house was damaged.A. ConsequentlyB. constantlyC. ConsistentlyD. continuously17. When it ______school work，the professor will treat his students equally.A. comes to evaluateB. comes to evaluatingC. will come to evaluateD. will come to evaluating18. _____, you will never convince him.A. However long you argueB. However you argue longC. How you argue longD. How long you argue19. ______new products have been successfully trial produced.A. A great dealB. A large amount ofC. A plenty ofD. A large number of20. He has made a discovery，______of great importance to the progress of science and technology.A. I think which isB. which I think isC. that I think isD. of which I think it is21. Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills people ______each year than automobile accidents.A. six more timesB. six times moreC. over six timesD. six times22. What they have done for us can’t be measured in ______of money.A. WayB. meansC. TermsD. place23. Go and get some water，______?A. don’t youB. shall youC. can’t youD. won’t you24. You must pack plenty of food for the journey，______，you’ll need warm clothes，so pack them too.A. on the wholeB. otherwiseC. HoweverD. likewise25. Meat ______easily in hot weather.A. turns badlyB. becomes badlyC. goes badD. changes worse26. I couldn’t find ______，and so I took this one.A. a large coat enoughB. a large enough coatC. an enough large coatD. a coat enough large27. What_____ would happen if he knew you felt that way?A. will you thinkB. do you thinkC. you thinkD. you would think28. It is _____impossible to find a good educational computer program in this city.A. BarelyB. merelyC. HardlyD. nearly29. _____him do this job by himself?A. Why not letB. Why not to letC. Why don’t letD. Why you not to let30. Almost _____of the population of this country is literate.A. Ninth tenthsB. nine tenthC. Nine tenthsD. ninth tenPart Ⅱ Cloze (1×20 points)Directions：In this section，there are 20 blanks in the following. For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. You should choose the right answer that best fits into the passage.Scientists used to explore 31 the surface of the ocean. Now they 32 below the surface，too. They want to know about the ocean water and the 33 and animal life 34 in the ocean.In 1934 the scientist William Beebe dived 3，000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935 Auguste Picard dived 10，330 feet. In 1960 his son Jean dived to a 35 of 35，800 feet.All these early dives were deep. But the divers could not stay down for very long. They had to 36 the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below the surface. 37 ，they succeeded. Cousteau，a Frenchman，was able to 38 down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week.Now scientists are developing even 39 equipment. With this new equipment，men can stay 40 the surface for days or 41 weeks. In 1962 Consteau 42 a research station 35 feet below the surface. Then in 1964 he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea.This was the first undersea station to operate 43 help from the surface.Many countries are now studying undersea 44 . The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. The United States has a laboratory 50 feet 45 on the ocean floor 46 the Virgin Islands. In 1970 five men lived there for two weeks. Then a 47 of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory. 48 came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and 49 plans for the use of its resources. Scientists hope to find enough 50 ，vegetable，and animal wealth there to provide food for the whole world.31. A. in B. to C. On D. under32. A. explore B. are exploring C. explored D. will explore33. A. plant B. situation C.surroundings D. circumstance34. A. deeply B. normally C. commonly D. deep35. A. depth B. range C. length D. rate36. A. come to B. come over C. come across D. come back up to37. A. However B. Gradually C. moreover D. Though38. A. stay B. remain C. keep D. take39. A. good B. well C. better D. more40. A. below B. on C. in D. to41. A. even B. more C. several D. some42. A. put up B. came up C. made up D. set up43. A. with B. under C. for D. without44. A. living B. situation C. structure D. environment45. A. below B. down C. under D. deep46. A. away B. on C. off D. to47. A. group B. gang C. crowd D. team48. A. after B. next C. later D. then49. A. make B. to make C. making D. made50. A. mineral B. mine C. minefield D. mine layerPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension(3×20 points)Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, you should decide the best choice.Passage 1With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine，the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later，at an altitude of 300 miles，this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit a staggering amount of information about the satellite’s orbital path，the amount of radiation it detects，and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts，much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can.The marvel of the machine age，the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations—add，subtract，multiply，and divide—with lightning speed and perfect accuracy. It can multiply two 10digit numbers in 1／1，000 second，a problem that would take an average person five minutes to do with pencil and paper. Some computers can work 500，000 times faster than any person can.Once it is given a program，that is，a carefully worked out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language，a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depths of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories，keeps track of sales trends and production needs，mails dividend checks，and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane，the computer will find out what route to take and what space is available.51. Why does the author regard the electronic computer as the marvel of the machine age?A. Because electronic computers are rare.B. Because people know little about electronic computers.C. Because electronic computers can do much more kinds of work that human beings can’t.D. Because electronic computers have been widely suspected.52. Electronic computers were given the name in the beginning just for the simple reason that_______ .A. they could do computationsB. they could work much faster than human beingsC. they looked like an abacusD. they could remember data quickly53. According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?A. Computers began to be used in 1946.B. Computers can add，subtract，multiply and divide.C. Computers were widely used during World War Ⅱ.D. No human being can work as fast as a computer.54. A computer can calculate_______.A. with lightning speedB. accuratelyC. with a speed 500，000 times faster than a personD. all above55. In the first sentence of last paragraph，“program” would probably mean_______.A. a performanceB. a showC. a worked out set of instructionsD. a TV playPassage 2On the old time farm in America there were chickens and turkeys. There were also cows，pigs，and other livestock. But there were very few machines. Most of the work was done by the entire farm family with the h elp of a “hired” man. Sometimes extra labourers were needed in busy seasons. Horses provided 79 percent of the power used，human labor 15 percent，and machines only 6 percent.Today all that has changed. On many modern farms machines now supply 96 percent of the power，human labor 3 percent，and horses 1 percent. Modern farms are enterprising businesses which keep only the livestock that can pay its way. The children go to school by bus every morning，the parents work on the farm or in the house，and hired help is seldom needed. Their work has been replaced by a whole army of farm machines.Farmers in the machine age also use the new fertilizers，new sprays，new feeds，new hybrid seeds，and other helps developed by farm sciences. As a result the farmers are able to produce more food with less labour. This means fewer but larger farms and fewer but moreprosperous farmers.56. In old days，most of the work on a farm was done by_______.A. all the farm familyB. livestockC. farm machinesD. both A and B57. From the first paragraph，we learn that in old days the most important farming power was____.A. LivestockB. farmersC. MachinesD. extra laborers58. On today’s farms，the chief reason why livestock is still raised would probably be____.A. that farmers conventions are difficult to be given upB. that farmers want to gain more profitC. that farmers have to do soD. that farmers work has been replaced by machines59. On modern farms，farmers need mostly all the followings EXCEPT_______.A. farm scienceB. seedsC. FertilizersD. hard work60. In the last sentence of Paragraph 3，“fewer but larger farms and fewer but more prosperous farmers” means_______.A. hired help is seldom neededB. productivity on the farms has been raised greatlyC. productivity on the farms has fallen sharplyD. more food is never neededPassage 3City traffic jam—one of the least wanted effects of the motor vehicle—is something with which we’re all familiar and for which most of us have an answer. But which solution is best?Some people suggest for better roads，others for cars to be banned(禁止) from city centers and yet others say better public transport would attract drivers from their lonely and boring journeys.But the important question is what natural power creates a big city center. We are，after all，in an age of electronic communication; our big shopping areas have moved out of city centers，and our living areas moved out of them long ago.Yet some force causes offices and service industries related to them to gather in London or New York or Tokyo. This suggests that far from the problems of a crowded environment forcing companies and people to move out，there is a critical (重大的) size beyond which more companies are attracted to move in. Nobody seems to know why，yet the answer is important to the way traffic jam is dealt with.61. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the cause of the traffic problem?A. The poor public transport.B. The over concentration of shopping centers.C. The great number of cars in the city centers.D. The bad road conditions.62. According to the passage，offices and their associated service industries move to big cities because of_______.A. the convenience of communicationB. the gathering of companiesC. some unknown forceD. the convenience of shopping63. The word “This”(Line 2，Para.4) refers to_______.A. some forceB. traffic jamC. the force that causes offices to move in or outD. the fact that companies gather in big cities64. This passage is most likely taken from_______.A. a novelB. a TV playC. an instructionD. a news report65. The topic of this passage would probably be_______.A. Best Answer to Traffic ProblemB. The Banning of Cars in the City CenterC. The Formation of City CenterD. Searching for Ways to Solve Traffic ProblemPassage 4Mrs. Cox teaches English in a large high school located in the inner area of a big city on the West Coast. Ever since she was a young girl，Mrs. Cox had wanted to become a teacher. She has taught eight years now and hasn’t changed her mind.After she graduated from high school，Mrs. Cox went on to college. Four years later，she received her bachelor’s degree (B.A.) in English and her teaching certificate. Then she was qualified to teach in the secondary schools of her state. In the summers，Mrs. Cox takes more classes. Someday she hopes to get a master’s degree (M.A.).With an M.A.，she will receive a higher salary.The school day at Mrs. Cox’s high school，like that in many high schools in the United States，is divided into six periods of one hour each. Mrs. Cox must teach five of these six periods. During her free period，which for her is from 2 to 3 p.m.，Mrs. Cox must meet with parents，order supplies，make out examinations，check assignments，and take care of many other things. In short，her free period isn’t really free at all. Mrs. Cox works steadily from the time she arrives at school in the morning until the time she leaves for home late in the afternoon.66. Mrs. Cox wants to be a teacher because_______.A. she likes teachingB. she is a young girlC. she has many problems to deal withD. she doesn’t mind what she is doing67. From paragraph two，we can infer_______.A. Mrs. Cox has received a teaching certificateB. Mrs. Cox likes teaching very muchC. Mrs. Cox takes more classesD. Mrs. Cox is a qualified teacher68. She will receive a higher salary if_______.A. she gets a master’s degreeB. she takes more classesC. she has studies normal teachingD. she gets a bachelor’s degree69. According to the passage, all the followings are true EXCEPT_______.A. she graduated from high schoolB. she graduated from collegeC. she has got her bachelor’s degreeD. she teaches five periods for a school day70. The best title for the passage would probably be_______.A. A Typical School DayB. Teacher Mrs. CoxC. Mrs. Cox Likes TeachingD. Mrs. Cox Has Got Her Teaching CertificatePart Ⅳ Translation (2.5×8 points)Section ADirections：There are 4 sentences in this section. You are required to translate them from Chinese into English.71.这口大钟大约有三个人那么高。