人教版七年级上语法教案--基数词和序数词

Numbers

--语法教案

语法一、基数词

(1)基数词的构成---表示数目多少的词叫基数词。

1.1-12独立成词：one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve。

2.13-19(+teen): thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen。两个音节都要重读。

3.20-90(整十位数+ty): twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety。第一个音节重读。

4.21-99间的两位数，先说“十位”，再说“个位”，中间要加连字符“-”

5.101-999之间的三位数，先说“百位”，再加and,再加末尾两位数。

e.g: one hundred and one nine hundred and ninety-nine

156—读作：709—读作：

6.1000以上的大数，使用计数符号，每三位加以逗号，从第一个逗号起单位依次为thousand, million,

billion.“万”表达为ten thousand

【考考你】The road is over___________ meters long.

A. six hundred and fifty-two

B. six hundreds and fifty-two

C. six hundred, fifty-two

D. six hundred, fifty and two

【关于基数词的重点与考点：】

基数词表示顺序编号时：名词+基数词，此时两个词的首字母都要大些。

Class Three the third classroom Room 5 Lesson One

【考考你】Now, everyone, please turn to Page ______and look at the ______picture.

A. Twelve; fifth

B. Twelfth; fifth

C. Twelve; five

D. Twelfth; five

确数与概数的表达。

确数：基数词+单位+复数名词：two hundred students 200名学生

概数：单位加S +of+复数名词：thousands of visitors 成千上万的游客

“整十加S”用于表示“几十年代”或“某人几十多岁时”

In the 1960s, people had to lead a poor life. 在20世纪60年代，人们不得不过着贫困的生活。

He invented many things in his twenties. 他在20多岁时就发明了很多东西。

【考考你】My grandma is in her ____________(八十多岁),but she can still take care of herself.

语法二、序数词

(1)序数词的构成

表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词。

There are three persons in classroom.

Third 第三

First; second; third;

序数词大多由基数词变形而成，所以掌握了基数词和基变序的方法，序数词也就简单啦。

基变序的方法：

基变序，有规律，词尾加上th; four-fourth six-sixth

一二三，单独记；八减t,九去e; first, second, third eighth, ninth

ve变f；遇y变ie,词尾再加th。five-fifth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentieth

若遇几十几，只变个位就可以。twenty-two --------- twenty-second

注意：four—fourteen—forty—forty-two nine—nineteen—ninety—ninety-nine fourth—fourteenth—fortieth—forty-second ninth—nineteenth—ninetieth—ninety-ninth 【考考你】--How was your weekend?

--Great! It was my grandpa’s ______birth day. We enjoyed ourselves.

A. seventy

B. seventieth

C. the seventieth

D. seventeenth

【序数词的考点：】

序数词表示顺序时,其前要加the,后面接单数名词。

The second picture is very beautiful.

The fourth student comes from America.

【考考你】Jack got the _______________(four) place in the 100-metre race.

表示日期中的“日”。

如2013年9月19日，表示为“September 19th,2013”; 读作：September the nineteenth, two thousand and thirteen

序数词的缩写：1st2nd3rd4th20th63rd78th

序数词表示编号顺序时：Unit One= the first unit Part Two= the second part

几种特殊数词的表示方法：

普通分数：）eg: 1/3: one third 2/3: two thirds

1/2:读作a half或one half

1/4读作a quarter 或one fourth

eg: Two thirds of the earth is covered by water.

百分比：基数词+percent(per cent)

2%读作two percent 27%读作twenty-seven percent

eg: Over 25 percent of the surface of the ground is covered with grass.

习惯表达

one and a half apples= one apple and a half 一个半苹果

half an apple半个苹果one or two apples= one apple or two 一两个苹果

10:30 half past ten

10:25 twenty–five past ten

9:45 fifteen to ten 或a quarter to ten