专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型-5
专利常用英文
专利常用英文专利文献翻译技巧专文献既是技术文件又是法律文件，它有一些惯用的词语，下面作一简要介绍。
一、专利惯用的词组Appl.No.(Application Number)申请号Ser.No.(Serisl Number)申请书，登记号Int.Cl.3 (International Patent Classification,3 rd Edition)国际专利分类表（第三版）Abstract of the disclosure发明摘要Preferred embodiments最佳实施方案Cross-Sheet 5 第5页（图共5页）Sheet 3 of 4第3页（图共4页）二、常用的句子1.Reference is made to our copending application No.25838/78 filed 31 st May 1978.请参阅我们在1978年5月31日登记的与此有关的申请书，其申请号为25838/78。
说明：make reference to:参考，提及。
Copending:与此有关的，尚待批准的。
2.The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S.patent applications Ser.No.626245, filed Mar.27, 1967,now abandoned and Ser.No.767046,filed Sept.26,1968, now patent No.3619220.本专利申请书是下列两件美国专利申请书的继续。
其中第一件于1967年3月27日提出申请，申请号626245，现已放弃。
第二件于1968年9月26日提出申请，申请号767046，专利号3619220。
说明：continuation-in-part:指的是接续专利。
Ser.No.:流水号，档案号，申请号，登记号。
专利翻译词汇精编版
重点词汇1. 常见词汇装置： apparatus, （device, means, arrangement设备: equipment组件: component器件: device构件: means, member, element元件: element零件：part单元: element, unit方法: method, process组合物：compositi on组分（化学领域）：compo nent具有：（be） provided with实质上，大体上：substa ntially优选：preferred, prefere ntial所属领域的技术人员：those skilled in the art, those of ordinary skill in the art现有技术：prior art该项技术中的己知方法：methods kn ow n in the art实施例：embodime nt基于：-based（例如：基于软件的software-based）设有：（be） equipped with,或（be） provided withapparatus设备（装罝）device装罝（组件）means 装罝（构件）composition 组合物component组分（化学领域中使用）process 方法method方法provided that 但是.......provided with 具有is selected from the group con sist ing of 系由下列各物…（或基）组成的群组中选出；optionally视需要；视情况可......said该；所述eleme nt单元；组件；元素（化学）2. 相关词汇[11]中华人民共和国国家知识产权局[19] State Intellectual Property Office of the People ' s Republic of China实用新型专利说明书[12] Specificatio ns of Utility Model Pate nt专利号[21] Pate nt No.授权公告日[45]Date of Authorized Announcement:[川授权公告号[11]: Authorized Announcement No.:[22]申请日[22] Application date:|_74]专利代理机构[74] Pate nt age ncy[21 ]申请号[21] Application No.代理人Age nt:17习专利权人[73] Pate ntee:发明人[72] Designer:权利要求书1页One page of Claims,说明书 3 页Three pages of Specifications （Specification Description ）附图 1 页One page of Drawings[54]实用新型名称[54]Name of Utility Model[57]摘要[57]Abstract说明书Specifications权利要求书Claims技术领域Field of the Inven tion背景技术Backgro und of the Inven ti on发明内容Descripti on of the Inven ti on附图说明Brief In troduction of the Drawi ngs具体实施方式Detailed Descriptio n of the Preferred Embodime nts 说明书附图Drawi ngs3在申请专利范围中，常出现下列英文字，请注意其最常见之中译法：means装罝process 方法method 方法•provided that…其限制条件为…provided with 具有is selected from the group con sisti ng of 系由下列各物…（或基）组成之群中选出；#—系选自由下列各物（或基）组成之群 ...optionally视需要；视情况可…said该，上述的composition 组合物eleme nt组件（电子）；元素（化学）complex错合物（生化）三、说明书常用字词及例句……3e1. 遇有apparatus、device、means三字或其中任两个字出现在同一份说明书中时，建议其译名分别如下：（i） apparatus :装置（ii）device :设备（iii）means :构件***但若未出现在同一份说明书中时，则均可译成装置2. et al.:等人3. 翻译means for V + ing时在means前面加适当之中译修饰词，以免同一份中文说明书中出现多个"装置”时，不知究竟指的是那一个。
专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型
patent right专利权priority date优先权日prior application rule申请在先原则priority of use使用在先novelty新颖性creativity创造性practicability实用性invention and creation发明创造utility model实用新型design; industrial design外观设计right of invention发明权right of discovery发现权patent application专利申请objection to a patent专利异议patent gazette专利公告renewal fee of patent专利续展费patent licensing agreement专利许可协议know-how技术诀窍know-how专有技术certificate of patent专利证书专利翻译patent office 专利事务所patent agency 专利代理Patent Office of the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国专利局abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author’s certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 权项classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception 概念conception date 概念日期confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 简介侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证data 资料data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期economic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期employee’s invention 雇员发明EPO 欧洲专利局European Patent Office 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约evidence 证据examination 审查examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限fee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查gazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权holder of a patent 专利持有人ICIREPAT 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会Paris Union Committee for International Cooperation in Information Retrieval among Patent Offices 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会IFIA 国际发明人协会联合会International Federation of Inventor’s Association 国际发明人协会联合会IBB 国际专利研究所Institut International des Brevets 国际专利研究所imitation 仿造impeachment 控告improvement 改进improvement patent 改进专利independence of patents 专利独立indication of source 产地标记indirect infringement 间接侵犯industrial applicability 工业实用性industrial design 工业品外观设计industrial property 工业产权information in the public domain 公开情报infringement of a patent 侵犯专利权infringement of a trade mark 侵犯商标权INID 著录资料识别码ICIREPAT Numbers for the Identification of Data 著录资料识别码INPADOC 国际专利文献中心INSPEC 国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficient disclosure 公开不允分intellectual property 知识产权interdependent patents 相互依存的专利interference procedure 抵触程序interlocutory injunction 中间禁止令interlocutory order 中间命令International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties ofPlants 保护植物新品种国际公约International Patent Classification Agreement 国际专利分类协定International Preliminary Examining Authority 国际初审单位international protection 国际保护International Searching Authority 国际检索单位invalidation 无效invention 发明inventive step 独创性inventor 发明人inventor’s certificate 发明人证书IPC 国际专利分类International Patent Classification 国际专利分类issue of a patent 办法专利joint applicants 共同申请人joint invention 共同发明joint inventors 共同发明人joint patentees 共同专利权人journal 公报judgment 判决junior party 后申请方know-how 技术诀窍lapsed patent 已终止的专利lawsuit of a patent 专利诉讼legal person 法人legend 说明LES International 国际许可贸易执行人协会Licensing Executives Society International 国际许可贸易执行人协会letters patent 专利证书license 许可证license agreement 许可证协议license of course 当然许可证licensing 许可证贸易licensor 许可人Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration 保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Design 建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定loss of a patent 专利权的丧失Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration ofMarks 商标国际注册马德里协定Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定main patent 主专利maintenance fee 维持费marking 标记memorandum of understanding 谅解备忘录method 方法microforms 微缩文件minimum documentation 最少限度检索文献minimum royalties 最低提成费misuse of patent 滥用专利权mixed license 混合许可证model laws 示范法most-favoured provision 最惠条款name of invention 发明名称national treatment 国民待遇natural person 自然人neighboring rights 邻接权new varieties of plants 植物新品种Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks 商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examining countries 不审查制国家non-exclusive license 非独占性许可证non-obviousness 非显而易见性non-use of a patent 不实施专利notary public 公正机关notice of infringement 侵权通知novelty 新颖性OAPI 非洲知识产权组织objection 异议office action 专利局审查决定书opposition 异议originality 独创性owner of a patent 专利所有人parent application 原申请Paris Convention 巴黎公约Paris Union 巴黎联盟patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利 专利翻译patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prevention of unfair competitionprincipal patent 主专利prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布reclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 请求书restoration of a lapsed patent 恢复已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 恢复已放弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费Science Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发现scope of protection 保护范围seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 机密专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 普通许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述technical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时保护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判unfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 实用证书utility model 实用新型Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组这WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权利要求2，其表明the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….regarding something , please refer to … 关于…请参考for claim 1, I would suggest adding… 建议在权利要求1加入the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to … 我们提到的理由to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1 so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问题to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1 common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告诉我们…vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相对于D1的不同是很明显的claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1 additional features don’t work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题claimed features 要求保护的特征none of the prior art of record anticipates … 记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到…clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要求都具有新颖性may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书的范围in the initial specification and clainmscontent of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容take the view of (that) 采取…观点fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中-in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim to a method 方法权利要求omnibus claims 多项权利要求reference signs 标号essential features (all features which were necessary for solving the techical problem with which the application was concerned hadto be regarded as essential features ) 必要技术特征（解决与申请相关的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）Maintenance fee 年费electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用卡或存储账户支付方法pertaining to （payment method）关于payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付fully complied with 完全遵守if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利be paid in advance 预先交permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映根据由劳动部确定的in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动sets forth the time periods 指定时间期限referred to generally as the “window period,” 一般称为“窗口期”The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日。
专利翻译常用术语和词汇精编WORD版
专利翻译常用术语和词汇精编W O R D版IBM system office room 【A0816H-A0912AAAHH-GX8Q8-GNTHHJ8】专利翻译常用术语和词汇在进行专利翻译时，有很多专利常用的专业术语是我们不熟悉的。
今天，乐译通就为大家总结了专利翻译常用的术语和词汇，希望对那些从事专利翻译的小伙伴能够有所帮助。
一、专利翻译常用术语apparatus 装置claim n.权利要求, vt, 主张/要求claims the benefit of .. 要求……的权益figure 附图/图embodiment 实施例implementation实现，别跟embodiement弄混；description 说明书inventor 发明人application 申请 (专利申请)means 装置/方式/手段feature 特征solution 方案，而非“解决方案”，有时可译作“技术方案（technical solution）”；and/or 和/或prior art 现有技术subject matter主题term 术语priority 优先权(relevant) skilled in the art 所属领域技术人员Provisional Application 临时申请Commonly assigned 共同受让的二、专利翻译常用词汇one or more，考虑翻译为“一个或多个”，而不是“一个或更多”;various 翻译成“多种”可能比“各种”要好；有些词的含义比较相似，但在翻译的时候，最好将其区分出来，以尽可能体现原文的信息量，这种区分在词义上可能意义不大，但在语义上还是有意义的，例如：1、apparatus, means, device, equipment, facility, tool，对于这些词，可以选择下列的对应译文：器械，装置，设备，装备，机构，工具2、memory, storage 存储器/存储设备3、process, procedure,function, method 过程/进程，过程，函数/功能/方法，方法4、time, interval, time interval, period, duration, cycle，如果这些词同时出现，在译文中需要体现出差别5、estimate“估计”可能是比“估算”更好的6、location, position, coordinate, place 地点，位置，坐标，地方7、execute, perform, run, process 执行，表演/表现，运行，处理8、power, energy, power source 功率，能量，功率源9、direction, orentation 方向，朝向10、part, section, partition 部分，段，分区11、several, multiple, plural, a number of,some 若干，多个，复数个，大量，一些12、read, read out 如果原文加以区分，译文也建议加以区分13、architecture, structure, struct 架构/体系结构，结构14、disk, optical disk, hard disk, magnetic disk 磁盘，光盘，硬盘15、assignment, allocation, assign, allocate 分配，指派16、schedule, arrange 调度，安排17、diagram, figure, plot, illustration, chart, table 图表18、feature, character 特点，特征19、Include 包括，Comprise of 由...组成，分别对应开放式与封闭式定义20、Part，(no)零部件，(yes)部件/零件，“零部件”是2个词，而Part是一个词，翻译时要准确对应21、value 值，“价值”可能是不准确的译法；22、second 第二，而不是“另一个”；一般也不表达为“第二个”；类似的，first 一般译为“第一”，而不用在后面接量词（诸如“个”）；23、become more 变得越来越/愈加/更加（书面语，避免过于口语化）；24、disclosure 公开25、such as, for example连用的情况：考虑翻成诸如——作为举例——26、brief summary 发明内容27、duration/time/period/cycle/interval/clock 持续时间/时间/周期（一段时间）/周期/（时间）间隔/时钟，这些词的意思差不多，但在同时出现的时候要加以区分；28、disclosure 公开，而非“发明”；29、optionally “可选地”，而非“另外”；“另外”有附加的含义，而“可选地”表示单纯的可选项；30、Generally “一般地”，而非“广泛地”；31、Megabytes “兆字节”而非“兆”；32、rather: “而是”，不推荐“相反”，后者强化了可能不存在的矛盾（The embodiments are not limited to the embodiments set forth herein, rather, …）33、procedure 过程，程序（结合上下文选择适当的译法）34、implement “实现”好于“实行”，但为了同近似词区分，也可以考虑换用；35、fabric 构造，织物36、configuration, setting, arrangement 配置，设置，布置；37、application, application program 应用，应用程序；（注意对单独的application，建议翻译作“应用”而非“应用程序”）；38、for example, for instance, such as 尽量最初区分，例如，xx，诸如。
专利翻译惯用句及词汇
专利文献某些惯用语和句子的译法[此帖已被设为推荐] 专利文献翻译技巧专文献既是技术文件又是法律文件，它有一些惯用的词语，下面作一简要介绍。
一、专利惯用的词组Appl.No.(Application Number)申请号 Ser.No.(Serisl Number)申请书，登记号 Int.Cl.3 (International Patent Classification,3 rd Edition)国际专利分类表（第三版） Abstract of the disclosure发明摘要 Preferred embodiments最佳实施方案 Cross-Sheet 5 第5页（图共5页） Sheet 3 of 4第3页（图共4页）二、常用的句子1.Reference is made to our copending application No.25838/78 filed 31 st May 1978.请参阅我们在1978年5月31日登记的与此有关的申请书，其申请号为25838/78。
说明：make reference to:参考，提及。
Copending:与此有关的，尚待批准的。
2.The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S.patent applications Ser.No.626245, filed Mar.27, 1967,now abandoned and Ser.No.767046,filed Sept.26,1968, now patent No.3619220.本专利申请书是下列两件美国专利申请书的继续。
其中第一件于1967年3月27日提出申请，申请号626245，现已放弃。
第二件于1968年9月26日提出申请，申请号767046，专利号3619220。
说明：continuation-in-part:指的是接续专利。
专利翻译常见用词与术语
一、常用语言点1. according to vs. based on美国版：in accordance with 更开放，according to 范围更小。
美国律师Paul觉得，based on似乎有direct dependent （直接依附/取决于）的意思，也就说，似乎可理解为直接因素。
欧洲字对字版：字面对应翻译，“根据” according to ; "基于" based on2. can vs. may关于“能够”，要根据实际情况选词：# 表达能力，一般不建议用can，而是capable of# 表示可能性，用can或 may# 如果只是表示具体事实，“能够”多余，可以不翻译（但需IPR确认）补充说明：以前美国律师强调过，can会有主观色彩，不建议用。
但现在没有强调，很多时候也用了。
但如果表示可能，用may更保险。
也有美国律师认为，没说can一定不用能，要看在什么地方。
如果是独权相应的描述，每个特征都是必须的，则不用can, can be, may, may be, optionally, etc. 当然，能够用may的地方，比用can听上去顺耳些，大概是更加正式吧。
3. consist of说明书、权利要求均应避免使用封闭性的短语和词语，例如：consist of, composed of, contain。
翻译时确认是否为封闭式。
如果是，可用；如果不是，用form, formed by, include等开放式表述。
（David: 这一条仍有待外国专家确认，但大家可以先遵守。
）4. comprise说明书部分不用comprise这种法律性很强的词。
只是要用include（注：comprise 和include都属于“包括但不限于”的意思，属于开放性词语）。
5. efficient权利要求避免使用以下词语：big, sufficient, strong, such as, when required, etc. e.g.6. preferred说明书中避免使用preferred，这样会给申请本身造成一定的限制。
专利翻译词汇
重点词汇1. 常见词汇装置: apparatus, (device, means, arrangement：设备: equipment组件: component器件: device构件: means, member, element元件: element零件: part单元: element, unit方法: method, process组合物：composition组分（化学领域）：component具有：(be) provided with实质上，大体上：substantially优选：preferred, preferential所属领域的技术人员：those skilled in the art, those of ordinary skill in the art现有技术：prior art该项技术中的己知方法：methods known in the art实施例：embodiment基于：-based(例如：基于软件的software-based)设有：（be) equipped with,或(be) provided withapparatus 设备(装罝)device 装罝(组件)??means?? 装罝(构件)composition 组合物component 组分（化学领域中使用）process 方法method 方法provided that… 但是……provided with 具有is selected from the group consisting of …系由下列各物(或基)组成的群组中选出；optionally 视需要；视情况可……said 该；所述element 单元；组件；元素（化学）2. 相关词汇[11]中华人民共和国国家知识产权局[19] State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China实用新型专利说明书[12] Specifications of Utility Model Patent专利号[21] Patent No.授权公告日[45]Date of Authorized Announcement:授权公告号[11]: Authorized Announcement No.:[22] 申请日[22] Application date:专利代理机构[74] Patent agency申请号[21] Application No.代理人Agent:专利权人[73] Patentee:发明人[72] Designer:权利要求书1页One page of Claims,说明书3页Three pages of Specifications （Specification s→Description）附图1页One page of Drawings实用新型名称[54]Name of Utility Model摘要[57]Abstract说明书Specifications权利要求书Claims技术领域Field of the Invention背景技术Background of the Invention发明内容Description of the Invention附图说明Brief Introduction of the Drawings具体实施方式Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments说明书附图Drawings3在申请专利范围中，常出现下列英文字，请注意其最常见之中译法：means装罝process方法method方法provided that…? ??其限制条件为…provided with具有is sel ected from the group consisting of …系由下列各物(或基)组成之群中选出；系选自由下列各物(或基)组成之群optionally视需要；视情况可…said该，上述的composition组合物element组件（电子）；元素（化学）complex 错合物(生化)三、说明书常用字词及例句1.遇有apparatus、device、means三字或其中任两个字出现在同一份说明书中时，建议其译名分别如下：(i)apparatus：装置(ii)device：设备(iii)means：构件*** 但若未出现在同一份说明书中时，则均可译成装置2. et al.：等人3. 翻译means for V＋ing时在means前面加适当之中译修饰词，以免同一份中文说明书中出现多个“装置”时，不知究竟指的是那一个。
专利翻译基本术语及句型
54] 实用新型名称abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼additional features don't work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author's certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利be paid in advance 预先交Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1claim to a method 方法权利要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim 权项(来源：英语论坛 )claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复claimed features 要求保护的特征claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要classifier 分类员co-applicants 共同申请人co-inventors 共同发明人color coding 色码制commissioner 专利局长common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案Community Patent Convention 共同体专利公约complete application 完整的申请案complete description 完整的叙述complete specification 完整的说明书comptroller 专利局长compulsory license 强制许可证conception date 概念日期conception 概念concerned had to be regarded as essential features )confidential application 机密申请confidential information 保密情报conflict award 冲突裁定conflict procedure 冲突程序conflicting applications 冲突申请案content of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容continuation application 继续申请continuation-in-part application 部分继续申请案contractual license 契约性许可证contributory infringement 简介侵犯convention application 公约申请convention country 公约国convention date 公约日期Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization 建立世界知识产权组织公约convention period 公约期限convention priority 公约优先权copyright 版权correction slip 勘误表counter pleadings 反诉状counterclaim 反诉country code 国家代号cross license 交叉许可证data exchange agreement 资料交换协议data of application 申请日期data 资料date of grant 授予日期date of issue 颁发日期date of patent 专利日期date of publication 公布日期dedication to the public 捐献于公众defendant 被告人defenses 辩护defensive publication 防卫性公告deferred examination 延迟审查dependent claim 从属权项dependent patent 从属专利Derwent Publications Ltd. 德温特出版有限公司design patent 外观设计专利development 发展disclaimer 放弃权项disclosure 公开division 分案divisional application 分案申请domination patent 支配专利drawing 附图duration of patent 专利有效期economic patent 经济专利effective filing date 实际申请日期electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用employee’s invention 雇员发明enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化EPO 欧洲专利局ESARIPO 英语非洲工业产权组织essential features (all features which were necessary for solving 必要技术特征（解European Patent Convention 欧洲专利公约European Patent Office 欧洲专利局even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议evidence 证据examination countries 审查制国家examination for novelty 新颖性审查examination 审查examiner 审查员examiner’s report 审查员报告exclusive license 独占性许可证exclusive right 专有权experimental use 实验性使用expired patent 期满专利exploitation of a patent 实施专利exposition priority 展览优先权expropriation 征用extension of term of a patent 延长专利期限fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）fee 费用FICPI 国际工业产权律师联合会file copy 存档原件filing date 申请日期filing fee 申请费filing of an application 提出申请final action 终局决定书first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权利要求 2，其表明first-to-file principle 先申请原则first-to-invention principle 先发明原则for claim 1, I would suggest adding... 建议在权利要求1加入force majeure 不可抗力foreign patent application 外国专利申请formal examination 形式审查fully complied with 完全遵守gazette 公报Geneva Treaty on the International Recording of Scientific Discoveries 关于科学发现国际注册日内瓦条约grace period 宽限期grant of a patent 授予专利权holder of a patent 专利持有人ICIREPAT 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利IFIA 国际发明人协会联合会in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的in the initial specification and clainmsMaintenance fee 年费may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书none of the prior art of record anticipates … 记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到... omnibus claims 多项权利要求on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2Paris Union Committee for International Cooperation in Information Retrieval among Patent Offices 专利局间情报检索国际合作巴黎联盟委员会payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费pertaining to （payment method）关于please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示reference signs 标号reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条referred to generally as the "window period," 一般称为“窗口期”reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映根据由劳动部确定的regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持regarding something , please refer to … 关于…请参考sets forth the time periods 指定时间期限so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题take the view of (that) 采取…观点technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相对于D1的不同是很明显的The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中- (来源：英语麦当劳－英语杂志 )the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to … 我们提到的理由the techical problem with which the application was 的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问题装置：apparatus, device, means, arrangement设备：equipment组件：component器件：device构件：means, member, element元件：element零件：part单元：element, unit方法：method, process组合物：composition组分（化学领域）：component具有：（be）provided with实质上，大体上：substantially优选：preferred, preferential所属领域的技术人员：those skilled in the art, those of ordinary skill in the art 现有技术：prior art该项技术中的已知方法：methods known in the art实施例：embodiment基于：-based(例如：基于软件的software-based)设有: (be) equipped with, 或（be）provided with(i) apparatus；arrangement：装置(ii) (ii) device：器件(iii) (iii) means：构件(iv) 但若未出现在同一份说明书中时，则均可译成装置(v) 2. et al.：等人(vi) 3. 翻译means for V＋ing时在means前面加适当的中译修饰词，以免同一份中文说明书中出现多个 "装置" 时，不知究竟指的是那一个。
专利法律翻译常用词汇汇总
专利法律翻译常用词汇汇总abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author’s certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 权项classifier 分类员abandonment of a patent 放弃专利权abandonment of a patent application 放弃专利申请abridgment 文摘abstract 文摘(摘要)abuse of patent 滥用专利权action for infringement of patent 专利侵权诉讼action of a patent 专利诉讼address for service 文件送达地址affidavit 誓书allowance 准许amendment 修改annual fee 年费annuity 年费anticipation 占先appeal 上诉appellation of origin 原产地名称applicant for patent 专利申请人application date 申请日期application documents 申请案文件application fee 申请费application for patent 专利申请(案)application laying open for public inspection 公开供公众审查的申请application number 申请号application papers 申请案文件arbitration 仲裁art 技术article of manufacture 制品assignee 受让人assignment 转让assignor 转让人author of the invention 发明人author’s certificate 发明人证书basic patent 基本专利Berne Convention 伯尔尼公约Berne Union 伯尔尼联盟best mode 最佳方式bibliographic data 著录资料BIRPI 保护知识产权联合国国际局board of appeals 申诉委员会breach of confidence 泄密Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 国际承认用于专利程序的微生物保存布达佩斯条约burden of proof 举证责任case law 判例法caveat 预告certificate of addition 增补证书certificate of correction 更正证明书certificate of patent 专利证书certified copy 经认证的副本Chemical Abstracts 化学文摘citation 引证claim 权项classifier 分类员INID 著录资料识别码ICIREPAT Numbers for the Identification of Data 著录资料识别码INPADOC 国际专利文献中心INSPEC 国际物理学和工程情报服务部insufficient disclosure 公开不允分intellectual property 知识产权interdependent patents 相互依存的专利interference procedure 抵触程序interlocutory injunction 中间禁止令interlocutory order 中间命令International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants 保护植物新品种国际公约International Patent Classification Agreement 国际专利分类协定International Preliminary Examining Authority 国际初审单位international protection 国际保护International Searching Authority 国际检索单位invalidation 无效invention 发明inventive step 独创性inventor 发明人inventor’s certificate 发明人证书IPC 国际专利分类International Patent Classification 国际专利分类issue of a patent 办法专利joint applicants 共同申请人joint invention 共同发明joint inventors 共同发明人joint patentees 共同专利权人journal 公报judgment 判决junior party 后申请方know-how 技术诀窍lapsed patent 已终止的专利lawsuit of a patent 专利诉讼legal person 法人legend 说明LES International 国际许可贸易执行人协会Licensing Executives Society International 国际许可贸易执行人协会letters patent 专利证书license 许可证license agreement 许可证协议license of course 当然许可证licensing 许可证贸易licensor 许可人Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration 保护原产地名称及国际注册里斯本协定Locarno Agreement Establishing an International Classification for Industrial Design 建立工业品外观设计国际分类洛迦诺协定loss of a patent 专利权的丧失Madrid Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Marks 商标国际注册马德里协定Madrid Agreement for the Repression of False or Deceptive Indications of Source on Goods 制止商品产地虚假或欺骗性标记马德里协定main patent 主专利maintenance fee 维持费marking 标记memorandum of understanding 谅解备忘录method 方法microforms 微缩文件minimum documentation 最少限度检索文献minimum royalties 最低提成费misuse of patent 滥用专利权mixed license 混合许可证model laws 示范法most-favoured provision 最惠条款name of invention 发明名称national treatment 国民待遇natural person 自然人neighboring rights 邻接权new varieties of plants 植物新品种Nice Agreement Concerning the International Classification of Goods and Services for the Purposes of the Registration of Marks 商标注册用商品与服务国际分类尼斯协定non-examining countries 不审查制国家non-exclusive license 非独占性许可证non-obviousness 非显而易见性non-use of a patent 不实施专利notary public 公正机关notice of infringement 侵权通知novelty 新颖性OAPI 非洲知识产权组织objection 异议office action 专利局审查决定书opposition 异议originality 独创性owner of a patent 专利所有人parent application 原申请Paris Convention 巴黎公约Paris Union 巴黎联盟patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利 专利翻译patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prevention of unfair competitionprincipal patent 主专利prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布reclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 请求书restoration of a lapsed patent 恢复已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 恢复已放弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费Science Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发现scope of protection 保护范围seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 机密专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 普通许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述technical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时保护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判unfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 实用证书utility model 实用新型Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组这WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权利要求 2，其表明the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….regarding something , please refer to …关于…请参考for claim 1, I would suggest adding…建议在权利要求1加入the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to …我们提到的理由to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问题to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告诉我们…vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相对于D1的不同是很明显的claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1additional features don’t work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题claimed features 要求保护的特征none of the prior art of record anticipates …记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到…clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要求都具有新颖性may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书的范围in the initial specification and clainmscontent of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容take the view of (that) 采取…观点fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中-in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim to a method 方法权利要求omnibus claims 多项权利要求reference signs 标号essential features (all features which were necessary for solving the techical problem with which the application was concerned had to be regarded as essential features ) 必要技术特征（解决与申请相关的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）Maintenance fee 年费electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用卡或存储账户支付方法pertaining to （payment method）关于payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付fully complied with 完全遵守if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利be paid in advance 预先交permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映根据由劳动部确定的in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动sets forth the time periods 指定时间期限referred to generally as the “window period,”一般称为“窗口期”The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日。
专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型
专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型随着全球化的推进，知识产权在国际交往中的地位越来越重要。
而专利作为知识产权的一种形式，具有独特的价值和重要的保护作用。
然而，由于专利申请流程的多样性、专业性，以及法律术语的繁琐性，专利法律翻译成为一个越来越重要的领域，而其中的常用词汇和句型则是每个专利法律翻译人员应该掌握的基础。
一、专利法律常用词汇1.专利权：patent right2.发明：invention3.技术方案：technical scheme4.原则：principle5.制造方法：manufacturing method6.产品：product7.装置：device8.实用新型：utility model9.专利申请：patent application10.专利局：patent office11.保护范围：protection scope12.专利文件：patent document13.公告日：publication date14.发明人：inventor15.权利要求：claim16.说明书：specification17.国际专利分类：International Patent Classification(IPC)18.审查员：examiner19.驳回：rejection20.异议：opposition二、专利法律常用句型1.本发明涉及一种XX技术领域。
The present invention relates to a technical field of XX.2.本发明解决了XX问题。
The present invention solves the problem of XX.3.本发明提供了一种XX。
The present invention provides a XX.4.本发明的制备方法包括以下步骤：The preparation method of the present invention comprises the following steps:5.本申请依据专利法995条规定申请。
专利翻译常用词汇
12、根据权利要求1到11中任一项的方法， 其特征在于组分（a）或组分（a）与组分 （b）的反应产物的使用浓度为每dm3分散 介质中0.0001到1mmol，优选0.001到0.5mmol， 该浓度以过渡金属为基础，其特征还在于 聚合反应是在选自脂肪烃或脂环烃如丁烷、 戊烷、己烷、庚烷、异辛烷、环己烷、甲 基环己烷或其中已经仔细地去除了氧、硫 化合物及水分的汽油或氢化柴油馏分的惰 性介质中完成的。（可分译）
二、说明书中的习惯译法
The present invention relates to 本发明涉及 Prior art 现有技术 The object of the present invention 本发明的目的 An embodiment of the invention 本发明的实施方案 According to the present invention 根据本发明
A product(process,use) as claimed/defined/cited in claim 1,wherein (characterized in that)…… 如权利要求1所述的产品（方法、用途）， 其中（其特征在于）…… A product(process,use) of claim 1,wherein (characterized in that)…… 权利要求1的产品（方法、用途），其中 （其特征在于）……
专利翻译提要(description+claim)
一、小标题的翻译 Field of the invention 发明领域 Background of the invention 发明背景 Detailed description of the invention 发明详述 Disclosure of the invention 发明内容
专利翻译常见用词与术语
专利翻译常见用词与术语一、常用语言点1.accordingtov.baedon美国版：inaccordancewith更开放，accordingto范围更小。
美国律师Paul觉得，baedon似乎有directdependent（直接依附/取决于）的意思，也就说，似乎可理解为直接因素。
欧洲字对字版：字面对应翻译，“根据”accordingto;\基于\2.canv.may关于“能够”，要根据实际情况选词：#表达能力，一般不建议用can，而是capableof#表示可能性，用can或may#如果只是表示具体事实，“能够”多余，可以不翻译（但需IPR确认）补充说明：以前美国律师强调过，can会有主观色彩，不建议用。
但现在没有强调，很多时候也用了。
但如果表示可能，用may更保险。
也有美国律师认为，没说can一定不用能，要看在什么地方。
如果是独权相应的描述，每个特征都是必须的，则不用can,canbe,may,maybe,optionally,etc.当然，能够用may的地方，比用can听上去顺耳些，大概是更加正式吧。
3.conitofformedby,include等开放式表述。
（David:这一条仍有待外国专家确认，但大家可以先遵守。
）5.efficient权利要求避免使用以下词语：big,ufficient,trong,ucha,whenrequired,etc.e.g.6.preferred说明书中避免使用preferred，这样会给申请本身造成一定的限制。
建议使用e某emplary来替换。
7.certain说明书中避免使用certain,about,appro某imately等含糊的词语。
8.effectively避免使用多余或带有赞美色彩的词。
如：9.merelyv.only两个都可以用，需要全文统一使用。
10.whenv.if若为忠于中文，用when也行。
补充说明：在权利要求中,when比if的范围更大。
2020年专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型-5模板
2020年专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型-5模板. patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利 专利翻译patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prevention of unfair competitionprincipal patent 主专利prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布reclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 请求书restoration of a lapsed patent 恢复已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 恢复已放弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费Science Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发现scope of protection 保护范围seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 机密专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 普通许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述technical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时保护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判unfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 实用证书utility model 实用新型Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组这WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权利要求2，其表明the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….regarding something , please refer to …关于…请参考for claim 1, I would suggest adding…建议在权利要求1加入the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to …我们提到的理由to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问题to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告诉我们…vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相对于D1的不同是很明显的claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1additional features don’t work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题claimed features 要求保护的特征none of the prior art of record anticipates …记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到…clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要求都具有新颖性may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书的范围in the initial specification and clainmscontent of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容take the view of (that) 采取…观点fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中-in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim to a method 方法权利要求omnibus claims 多项权利要求reference signs 标号essential features (all features which were necessary for solving the techical problem with which the application was concerned had to be regarded as essential features ) 必要技术特征（解决与申请相关的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）Maintenance fee 年费electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用卡或存储账户支付方法pertaining to （payment method）关于payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付fully complied with 完全遵守if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利be paid in advance 预先交permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映根据由劳动部确定的in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动sets forth the time periods 指定时间期限referred to generally as the “window period,”一般称为“窗口期”The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日。
专利翻译常用句型
专利翻译常用句型以前找得一篇文章，供参考仅供参考，因为不是权威文献。
如红字似乎就翻得很烂。
专利翻译须知一、总则1.专利说明书之中译，应特别注重"信"与"达"两大要求，即译文必须与原文内容完全相符，不得有任何出入或节略。
但中文必须通顺易读，使任何人不必参阅原文，即能了解中文内容。
2.专利说明书之撰写系以A4纸张为主，撰写方式为横式直书、由左至右，以每页二十四行、每行二十五字为之，每页并应于四边各保留一点五公分之空白。
3.专利说明书，应依以下项目顺序编译:发明名称(Title)、发明摘要(Abstract)、发明说明(Description)[内可含有:发明领域(Field of Invention)、先前技术(Prior Art)、发明概要(Summary of the Invention)、图式简单说明(Brief Description of the Drawings)与发明详细说明(Detailed Description of the Invention)]、及申请专利范围(Claims)。
4."发明说明"部分中之段落标题例如"发明领域"("技术领域")、"发明背景"("先前技术说明")、"发明概要"、"图式简单说明"、"发明详细说明"("较佳具体实例说明"、"实施本发明之较佳方式")等皆应译出。
5.译文所用各种科学术语，若为一般习知者，应采用台湾习用之译法，若为不常用或新字词，则应在翻译后，于第一次出现于译文中时，在该新字词后加注英文原名。
6.对同一英文名词之中文译词应前后统一。
为避免错误，于翻译时宜自列中英名词对照表，随时参照。
7.英文原文中之文句，因修饰词组修饰子句过多，直译过于冗长有碍文句之简明时，须对原句意义透澈了解后，将修饰子句另行译述于原句之后，但原句之意义不得因此有欠完整。
专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型5
专利法律翻译常用词汇和句型5patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利legaltranz 专利翻译patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 要求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prevention of unfair competitionprincipal patent 主专利prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布reclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 要求书restoration of a lapsed patent 复原已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 复原已舍弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费Science Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发觉scope of protection 爱护范畴seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 隐秘专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 一般许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述technical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时爱护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际储存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判unfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 有用证书utility model 有用新型Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体爱护及其国际储存维也纳协定WIPO 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组这WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权益要求2不被…支持first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权益要求2, 其说明the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….regarding something , please refer to …关于…请参考for claim 1, I would suggest adding…建议在权益要求1加入the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to …我们提到的理由to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 幸免缩小或扩大权益要求1so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们如何样处理该问题to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的爱护合理claim1 was refected as being predictable 能够预料权益要求1能够复原on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上, 基于文件1common sense, known technical solution 公知, 已知的技术方案please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化thereby providing a st.因此, 提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st.这一点与对比文件专门相关，它告诉我们…vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的, 泛泛的讨论the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相关于D1的不同是专门明显的claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 依照…驳回权益要求1additional features don’t work to resolve question 附加的特点也不能解决问题over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2claimed subject matter 要求爱护的主题claimed features 要求爱护的特点none of the prior art of record anticipates …记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到…clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 依照33条第二款权益要求都具有新颖性may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权益要求书的范畴in the initial specification and clainmscontent of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容take the view of (that) 采取…观点fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）subject matter claimed 要求爱护的主题technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的奉献the protection sought should be indicated 要求爱护的内容应当在权益要求中-in the claims by technical features 利用技术特点来表示to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了爱护范畴to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了爱护范畴to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了爱护范畴to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求claim to a product 产品权益要求claim to a method 方法权益要求omnibus claims 多项权益要求reference signs 标号essential features (all features which were necessary for solving the techical problem with which the application was concerned had to be regarded as essential features ) 必要技术特点（解决与申请相关的技术问题必须的所有的技术特点）Maintenance fee 年费electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移, 信用卡或储备账户支付方法pertaining to （payment method）关于payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或储备账户支付fully complied with 完全遵守if the benefits thereof are desired.得到其中的便利be paid in advance 预先交permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 承诺年费to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映依照由劳动部确定的in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动sets forth the time periods 指定时刻期限referred to generally as the “window period,”一样称为“窗口期”The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月, 7年零6个月or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent.和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日。
机械制造专利翻译词汇_部分5
gas pressure welding 加压气焊gas shield arc welding 气体保护电弧焊gas shielded magnetic flux arc welding 磁性气体保护焊gas welding 气焊gas-fired furnace 煤气炉gasket 垫圈gasket seal 垫片密封gasoline (petrol) 汽油gauge 轨距gauge(or jig) 治具gauge(or jig) 治具gear 齿轮gear 齿轮机构gear burnishing machine 挤齿机gear coupling 齿轮联轴器gear extruding 挤齿gear face machining 齿面加工gear grinding 磨齿gear grinding machine 齿轮磨床gear hardening press 齿轮淬火压床gear hobbing 滚齿gear honing 珩齿gear honing machine 珩齿机gear honing machine 珩齿机gear lapping 研齿gear milling 铣齿gear oil 齿轮油gear planing 刨齿gear ratio 齿数比gear shaper 插齿机gear shaping 插齿gear shaving 剃齿gear shaving machine 剃齿机gear train 轮系gear wheel 大齿轮gear-cutting with form copying method 仿形法切齿gear-cutting with generating method 展成法切齿gearing; transmission gear 传动装置gearrolling mill 齿轮滚轧机gelatin 动物胶general constraint 公共约束general manager 总经理general manager 总经理general monthly ticket 通用月票general shaving 普通剃齿法general standard 通用标准generalized coordinate 广义坐标generalized kinematic chain 一般化运动链generating 展成法generating cutting 范成法generating line 发生线generating line of involute 渐开线发生线generating plane 发生面generation mechanism 广义机构generator 发电机generator control panel 发电机控制面板generator gas 发生炉煤气Geneva mechanism 槽轮机构Geneva numerate 槽数Geneva wheel 槽轮Geneva wheel Geneva gear 马耳他机构glaring 出光glass cloth 玻璃布glass-fiber reinforced plastics 玻璃纤维增强塑料glazing 罩光glossmeter 光泽计glove(s) 手套glove(s) with exposed fingers 割手套glue stripper 脱胶剂glue(gum) 胶good condition of vehicle 汽车完好技术状况good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts 良品good products 良品goods transportation 货物运输goods-circulating quantity 货物周围量gouge 沟槽;凿槽government standard 政府标准governmental regulation 政府规程governor hunting 调速器工作不匀Grade of Protection 防护等级grain size 晶体大小granule=peuet=grain 细粒graphical method 图解法Grashoff`s law 格拉晓夫定理Grashoff`s law 曲柄存在条件gravimeter 比重计grease 黄油grease gun 黄油枪grease/oil stains 油污green design design for environment 绿色设计grey cast iron 灰铸铁grey cast iron 灰铸铁grind 磨grinder 磨床grinder 磨床grinding 磨削grinding machine for spiral spring 弹簧端面磨床grinding paster 打磨膏grinding wheel groove 砂轮越程槽grit 沙砾grit 砂砾grit maker 抽粒机groove cam 槽凸轮groove punch 压线冲子groove welding 坡口焊ground glass 毛玻璃ground line 地面线路grounding chanin 接地链group leader/supervisor 组长group leader/supervisor 组长gum deposit 结胶gum resin 树胶脂gypsum 石膏gyroscope 陀螺仪H. Hertz equation 赫兹公式half-killed steel 半镇静钢hammer finish 锤纹面漆hammer forging 锤锻（自由锻）hand dip equipment 手工浸漆设备hand held gun 手动焊枪hand torch 手动焊炬handrail 扶手hands of worm 蜗杆旋向hard pedal 制动踏板费力hardenability 淬硬性（淬透性）hardened and tempered steel 调质钢hardened glass 钢化玻璃hardening 淬火hardening and high temperature tempering 调质haring cell 哈林电槽harmonic driving 谐波传动harmonic gear 谐波齿轮harmonic generator 谐波发生器harmonization of standards 标准的协调harmonized stndard 协调标准hastelloy electrode 合金焊条head light checking equipment 前照灯检验仪head of screwdriver 起子头headless screw 无头螺钉hearth 炉床heat balance; thermal equilibrium 热平衡heat dissipation 热传heat resisting steel 耐热钢heat treatment 热处理heat treatment furnace 热处理炉heater band 加热片heating frunace 加热炉heat-resistant paint 耐热漆heavy metal 重金属heavy-duty oil 重工况润滑油height series 高度系列height series 高度系列helical bevel gear 螺旋锥齿轮helical gear 斜齿圆柱齿轮helical pair 螺旋副helical torsion spring 扭簧helix ,helical line 螺旋线helix angle 螺旋角helix angle at reference cylinder 分度圆柱螺旋角helmet shield 焊工用面罩herringbone gear 人字齿轮hexagon bolt 六角头螺栓hexagon nut 六角螺母hexagonal plating barrel 六角滚筒hezagon castle (slotted )nut 开槽六角螺母hide glue 皮胶high frequency case hardening 高频表面淬火high gloss finish 高光泽面漆high pressure blasting machine 喷丸机high pressure cabinet 高压柜High Pressure Mercury Lamp 高压汞灯high pressure moulding machine 高压造型机High Pressure Sodium Lamp 高压钠灯High Pressure Sodium Lamp 高压钠灯high speed belt 高速带high speed boringh 高速精镗high speed cropping machine 高速棒料剪切机high speed cutting 高速切削high speed hobbing 高速滚削high speed steel 高速工具钢high strength duralumin 高强度锻造铝合金high temperature tempering 高温回火higher pair 高副high-frequency furnace 高频炉high-speed grinding 高速磨削high-speed transmission 高速传递hindley worm 直廓环面蜗杆hinge 铰链、枢纽Hi-pot test of SPS 高源高压测试Hi-pot test of SPS 高源高压测试hob 滚刀hob ,hobbing cutter 齿轮滚刀hobbing machine 滚齿机holder 焊把hole flanging-sizing die 翻孔整形模hollow flank worm 圆弧圆柱蜗杆honing 珩磨honing machine 珩磨机Hooks coupling universal coupling 万向联轴器horizontal continuous broaching machine 卧式连续式拉床horizontal fillet welding 水平角焊horizontal forging machine 平锻机horizontal forging machine 卧式锻造机horizontal parting 水平分模（平锻机）horizontal spindle double ended grinding machine for piston ring 活塞环卧轴双端面磨床horizontally fully-immersed barrel 水平全浸式滚筒horzontal forging 平锻horzontal position welding 横焊hose for brake bleeding 制动器放气软管hot draw 热拉hot rise tank 热水槽hot rolled thin steel sheet 热轧薄钢板hot rolling spring steel 热轧弹簧钢hot running-in 热磨合hot spray 热喷漆hot trim 热切边hot water rinse 热水清洗hot weld 热焊hot-chamber die casting machine 热室压铸机hour-glass 砂漏hub puller 轮毂拆卸器hull cell 赫尔槽hunting 调速不匀hyatt roller bearing 挠性滚子轴承hydraulic blasting 水力清理hydraulic copy wheel dresser 液压仿形砂轮修整器hydraulic couplers 液力耦合器hydraulic extrusion press 滚压挤压机hydraulic forging 水压机锻造hydraulic handjack 油压板车hydraulic machine 油压机hydraulic machine 油压机hydraulic mechanism 液压机构hydraulic servo tool setting device 液压伺服对刀装置hydraulic stepless speed changes 液压无级变速hydraulic traching center test 液压跟踪中心架hydrochloric acid 盐酸hydrodynamic drive 液力传动hydrophilic 亲水的hydrophobic 疏水的hydro-planing (aqua-planing) 漂滑效应hyperboloid gear 双曲面齿轮hypoid gear 准双曲面齿轮hypoid gear oil 准双曲线齿轮油identical standard 相同标准identifying sheet list 标示单identifying sheet list 标示单idle 空转idle gear 惰轮idpatching vehicle 调车ignition coil tester 点火线圈试验器ignition timing light (stroboscope) 点火正时灯（正时观测灯）Iine number plate 路牌illegal exhaust and noise 污染超限imbalance (or unbalance) 不平衡immersion plating 浸镀imncomplete annealing 不完全退火impending skid （由于紧急制动）紧急滑行impermeable carton 防水纸板impression 压痕improved carbon structural steel 优质碳素结构钢inclusion 杂质incomplete penetration 未焊透inconel 因科镍合金increment or decrement work 盈亏功index 索引indices of vehicle maintenance and repari 汽车维修指标indirect welding 单面点焊individual repair 单独修理induction 感应induction furnace 感应炉induction light 感应光industrial robot 工业用机器人inert-gas welding 惰性气体保护焊inertia force 惯性力inertia knock-out grid 惯性落砂机inertia type brake tester 惯性式制动试验台infinite 无穷大information work of standards 标准情报工作infrared pyrometer 红外线高温计infrared rays exhaust gas analyzer 红外线废气分析仪inhibitor 阻蚀剂initial boiling point 初沸点initial contact , beginning of contact 起始啮合点injected-formative plastics 注射成型塑料in-line slider-crank (or crank-slider) mechanism 对心曲柄滑块机构inner bearing 内轴承inner parts inspect 内部检查inner parts inspect 内部检查inner quality standard 内控标准inner ring 内圈inner-outer happing machine 内外圆研磨床innovation creation 创新input link 输入构件insert 入块inspection 检视inspection and clasification of parts 零件检验分类instantaneous center 瞬心instantaneous center of velocity 速度瞬心instruction 细则instructon 指示instrument and device for vehicle maintenance and repair 汽车维修工具和设备insulating paint 绝缘漆insulating paint 绝缘涂料intake manifold vacuum meter 进气歧管真空度表integrate 积分integrated standardization 综合标准化intelligent design, ID 智能化设计interchangeable gears 互换性齿轮intercity line 长途线路interface standard 接口标准interference 干涉interior height 车内净高intermediate alloy 中间合金intermediate control office 中途调度站intermittent gearing 不完全齿轮机构intermittent motion mechanism 间歇运动机构inter-mode transport 联合运输internal and cylindrical centerless grinder for pistone ring 活塞环内外圆无心磨床internal force 内力internal gear 内齿轮internal grinding 内圆磨削international standard 国际标准international standardization organization 国际标准化组织international standards organization 国际标准组织international standarkdization 国际标准化internationally harmonized standard 国际协调标准inter-region transportatin 区间运输inter-transportation of freight in opposite direction 相向运输inter-zone vehicle 区间车introduction 引言invalid ticket 废票invalidated ticket box 废票箱inverse ( or backward) kinematics 反向运动学inverse cam mechanism 凸轮倒置机构involute 渐开线involute equation 渐开线方程involute function 渐开线函数involute gear 渐开线齿轮involute helicoid 渐开螺旋面involute profile 渐开线齿廓involute spline 渐开线花键involute worm 渐开线蜗杆ion 离子ion injection 离子束注入ion-nitriding 离子氮化IR curing 红外线固化iron powder electrode 铁粉焊条island platform 岛式站台isolating plate baffle plate; barricade 隔板isothermal annealing 等温退火isothermal hardenning 等温淬火isothermal transformation 等温转变item/group/class 类别iudustrial alcohol 工业酒精jack 千斤顶jack 升降机Jacobi matrix 雅可比矩阵jaw (teeth) positive-contact coupling 牙嵌式联轴器jerk 跃度jerk diagram 跃度曲线jig-boring machine 坐标镗床joggling die 顶锻模joint radiation convection oven 辐射对流烘干室jointed manipulator 关节型操作器journal 轴颈journal score 轴颈擦伤journey 运程段jump hammer 摩擦锤junction box 分线箱junction station 枢扭站kenematic viscosity 运动粘度Kennedy`s theorem 三心定理kerosine 煤油ketones solvent 酮类溶剂key 键keyway 键槽。
专利翻译常用术语和词汇
专利翻译常用术语和词汇在进行专利翻译时,有很多专利常用的专业术语是我们不熟悉的;今天,乐译通就为大家总结了专利翻译常用的术语和词汇,希望对那些从事专利翻译的小伙伴能够有所帮助;一、专利翻译常用术语apparatus 装置claim n.权利要求, vt, 主张/要求claims the benefit of .. 要求……的权益figure 附图/图embodiment 实施例implementation实现,别跟embodiement弄混；description 说明书inventor 发明人application 申请专利申请means 装置/方式/手段feature 特征solution 方案,而非“解决方案”,有时可译作“技术方案technical solution”；and/or 和/或prior art 现有技术subject matter主题term 术语priority 优先权relevant skilled in the art 所属领域技术人员Provisional Application 临时申请Commonly assigned 共同受让的二、专利翻译常用词汇one or more,考虑翻译为“一个或多个”,而不是“一个或更多”;various 翻译成“多种”可能比“各种”要好；有些词的含义比较相似,但在翻译的时候,最好将其区分出来,以尽可能体现原文的信息量,这种区分在词义上可能意义不大,但在语义上还是有意义的,例如：1、apparatus, means, device, equipment, facility, tool,对于这些词,可以选择下列的对应译文：器械,装置,设备,装备,机构,工具2、memory, storage 存储器/存储设备3、process, procedure,function, method 过程/进程,过程,函数/功能/方法,方法4、time, interval, time interval, period, duration, cycle,如果这些词同时出现,在译文中需要体现出差别5、estimate“估计”可能是比“估算”更好的6、location, position, coordinate, place 地点,位置,坐标,地方7、execute, perform, run, process 执行,表演/表现,运行,处理8、power, energy, power source 功率,能量,功率源9、direction, orentation 方向,朝向10、part, section, partition 部分,段,分区11、several, multiple, plural, a number of,some 若干,多个,复数个,大量,一些12、read, read out 如果原文加以区分,译文也建议加以区分13、architecture, structure, struct 架构/体系结构,结构14、disk, optical disk, hard disk, magnetic disk 磁盘,光盘,硬盘15、assignment, allocation, assign, allocate 分配,指派16、schedule, arrange 调度,安排17、diagram, figure, plot, illustration, chart, table 图表18、feature, character 特点,特征19、Include 包括,Comprise of 由...组成,分别对应开放式与封闭式定义20、Part,no零部件,yes部件/零件,“零部件”是2个词,而Part是一个词,翻译时要准确对应21、value 值,“价值”可能是不准确的译法；22、second 第二,而不是“另一个”；一般也不表达为“第二个”；类似的,first一般译为“第一”,而不用在后面接量词诸如“个”；23、become more 变得越来越/愈加/更加书面语,避免过于口语化；24、disclosure 公开25、such as, for example连用的情况：考虑翻成诸如——作为举例——26、brief summary 发明内容27、duration/time/period/cycle/interval/clock 持续时间/时间/周期一段时间/周期/时间间隔/时钟,这些词的意思差不多,但在同时出现的时候要加以区分；28、disclosure 公开,而非“发明”；29、optionally “可选地”,而非“另外”；“另外”有附加的含义,而“可选地”表示单纯的可选项；30、Generally “一般地”,而非“广泛地”；31、Megabytes “兆字节”而非“兆”；32、rather: “而是”,不推荐“相反”,后者强化了可能不存在的矛盾The embodiments are not limited to the embodiments set forth herein, rather, …33、procedure 过程,程序结合上下文选择适当的译法34、implement “实现”好于“实行”,但为了同近似词区分,也可以考虑换用；35、fabric 构造,织物36、configuration, setting, arrangement 配置,设置,布置；37、application, application program 应用,应用程序；注意对单独的application,建议翻译作“应用”而非“应用程序”；38、for example, for instance, such as 尽量最初区分,例如,xx,诸如。
专利翻译词汇
重点词汇1. 常见词汇装置: apparatus, (device, means, arrangement：设备: equipment组件: component器件: device构件: means, member, element元件: element零件: part单元: element, unit方法: method, process组合物：composition组分（化学领域）：component具有：(be) provided with实质上，大体上：substantially优选：preferred, preferential所属领域的技术人员：those skilled in the art, those of ordinary skill in the art现有技术：prior art该项技术中的己知方法：methods known in the art实施例：embodiment基于：-based(例如：基于软件的software-based)设有：（be) equipped with,或(be) provided withapparatus 设备(装罝)device 装罝(组件)means 装罝(构件)composition 组合物component 组分（化学领域中使用）process 方法method 方法provided that… 但是……provided with 具有is selected from the group consisting of …系由下列各物(或基)组成的群组中选出；optionally 视需要；视情况可……said 该；所述element 单元；组件；元素（化学）2. 相关词汇[11]中华人民共和国国家知识产权局[19] State Intellectual Property Office of the People’s Republic of China实用新型专利说明书[12] Specifications of Utility Model Patent专利号[21] Patent No.授权公告日[45]Date of Authorized Announcement:授权公告号[11]: Authorized Announcement No.:[22] 申请日[22] Application date:专利代理机构[74] Patent agency申请号[21] Application No.代理人Agent:专利权人[73] Patentee:发明人[72] Designer:权利要求书1页One page of Claims,说明书3页Three pages of Specifications （Specification s→Description）附图1页One page of Drawings实用新型名称[54]Name of Utility Model摘要[57]Abstract说明书Specifications权利要求书Claims技术领域Field of the Invention背景技术Background of the Invention发明内容Description of the Invention附图说明Brief Introduction of the Drawings具体实施方式Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments说明书附图Drawings3在申请专利范围中，常出现下列英文字，请注意其最常见之中译法：means装罝process方法method方法provided that…其限制条件为…provided with具有i s selected from the group consisting of …系由下列各物(或基)组成之群中选出；系选自由下列各物(或基)组成之群optionally视需要；视情况可…said该，上述的composition组合物element组件（电子）；元素（化学）complex 错合物(生化)三、说明书常用字词及例句1.遇有apparatus、device、means三字或其中任两个字出现在同一份说明书中时，建议其译名分别如下：(i)apparatus：装置(ii)device：设备(iii)means：构件*** 但若未出现在同一份说明书中时，则均可译成装置2. et al.：等人3. 翻译means for V＋ing时在means前面加适当之中译修饰词，以免同一份中文说明书中出现多个“装置”时，不知究竟指的是那一个。
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patent 专利patent act 专利法patent agent 专利代理人patent applied for 已申请专利patent attorney 专利律师patent classification 专利分类patent documentation 专利文献patent documents 专利文件patent families 同族专利 专利翻译patent for an invention 发明专利patent law 专利法patent license 专利许可证patent number 专利号patent of addition 增补专利patent of confirmation 确认专利patent of importation 输入专利patent of introduction 引进专利patent of revalidation 再效专利patent office 专利局patent pending 专利未决patent right 专利权patent rules 专利实施细则patent system 专利制度patentability 专利性patented invention 专利发明patentee 专利权人patenting 授予专利权PCT 专利合作条约PCT Union 专利合作条约pending application 未决申请period of a patent 专利有效期person skilled in the art 所属技术领域的专业人员petition 请求书petty patent 小专利plaintiff 原告人plant patent 植物专利pleadings 起诉状precautional patent 预告专利precedents 判例prescription 时效prevention of unfair competitionprincipal patent 主专利prior art 先有技术prior use 先用priority 优先权priority claim 优先权声明priority declaration 优先权声明process patent 方法专利processing of an application 申请案的处理product patent 产品专利provisional specification 临时说明书publication 公布reclassification 再分类reexamination 复审refusal 驳回register of patents 专利登记册registered patent 登记专利registered trade mark 注册商标registration 登记registration countries 登记制国家reissue patent 再颁发专利rejection 驳回remedy 补救renewal fee 续展费request 请求书restoration of a lapsed patent 恢复已终止的专利restricted conditions 限制条款review 复审revival of an abandoned application 恢复已放弃的申请revocation of a patent 撤销专利royalties 提成费Science Abstracts 科学文摘scientific discovery 科学发现scope of protection 保护范围seal 盖章search 检索secret patent 机密专利service invention 职务发明service mark 服务标记signature 签署simple license 普通许可证single applicant 单独申请人sliding scale of royalties 滑动提成费sole license 排他性许可证specification 说明书state of the art 先有技术水平statement of claim 诉讼陈述statement of defense 辩护陈述substance patent 物质专利substantive examination 实质性审查succession 继承sufficiency of description 充分描述technical assistance 技术协助technical data 技术资料technology transfer 技术转移temporary protection 临时保护term of a patent 专利有效期The Hague Agreement Concerning the International Deposit of Industrial Designs 工业品外观设计国际保存海牙协定title of invention 发明名称title to patent 专利所有权trade mark 商标Trademark Registration Treaty 商标注册条约trade name 厂商名称trial 审判unfair competition 不正当竞争unity of invention 发明单一性Universal Copyright Convention 世界版权公约unpatentable subject matter 不能取得专利的主题use patent 用途专利utility certificate 实用证书utility model 实用新型Vienna Agreement Establishing an International Classification of the Figurative Elements of Marks 建立商标图形要素国际分类维也纳协定Vienna Agreement for the Protection of Type Faces and their International Deposit 印刷字体保护及其国际保存维也纳协定WIPO 世界知识产权组织withdrawal of an application 撤回申请witness 证人working of a patent 实施专利World Intellectual Property Organization 世界知识产权组这WPI 世界专利索引World Patent Index 世界专利索引reference was made to Aricle 1 引用第一条regarding claim 2 as not being supported by 关于权利要求2不被…支持first please refer to claim 2 which state 先参照权利要求2，其表明the point of this discussion is that 此次讨论的要点是….regarding something , please refer to …关于…请参考for claim 1, I would suggest adding…建议在权利要求1加入the question is must we add st.in sb 问题是我们必须在…中加入…the reason we prefer to …我们提到的理由to avoide narrowing or wilding claim 1 避免缩小或扩大权利要求1so that the infringer would only have to 侵权者只须Would you please advise how we can process in this question 请指示我们怎样处理该问题to optimize our protection for the application 使对申请的保护合理claim1 was refected as being predictable 可以预料权利要求1可以恢复on the basic of document1 在文件1的基础上，基于文件1common sense, known technical solution 公知，已知的技术方案please note none of these teachings in D1 请注意在对比文件1中没有该提示even remotely suggest that 即使间接的建议enable st shape to vary as a function of position 使某物的形状作为位置函数变化thereby providing a st. 因此，提供一个…this is particular relevant to D1 which teach us st. 这一点与对比文件尤其相关，它告诉我们…vague generalized discussion in D1 含混的，泛泛的讨论the difference over D1 is quite clear and while 相对于D1的不同是很明显的claim 1 is rejected on the basis that 根据…驳回权利要求1additional features don’t work to resolve question 附加的特征也不能解决问题over D1 in view of D2 对比D1并结合D2claimed subject matter 要求保护的主题claimed features 要求保护的特征none of the prior art of record anticipates …记录在案的现有技术并没有预见到…clain 1and 2 have noveity under PCT Article 33(2) respectively 根据33条第二款权利要求都具有新颖性may not go beyond the scope of the disclosure contained 不得超出原说明书和权利要求书的范围in the initial specification and clainmscontent of the application as originally filed 原始申请的内容take the view of (that) 采取…观点fall under (doing business ) 落入（商业方法）subject matter claimed 要求保护的主题technical contribution to the state of the art 对现有技术的贡献the protection sought should be indicated 要求保护的内容应当在权利要求中-in the claims by technical features 利用技术特征来表示to delimite (defined) the scope of protection 限定了保护范围to enlarge the scope of protection 扩大了保护范围to narrow the scope of protection 缩小了保护范围to be fulfill the requirment of clarity 满足清晰的要求claim to a product 产品权利要求claim to a method 方法权利要求omnibus claims 多项权利要求reference signs 标号essential features (all features which were necessary for solving the techical problem with which the application was concerned had to be regarded as essential features ) 必要技术特征（解决与申请相关的技术问题必须的所有的技术特征）Maintenance fee 年费electronic funds transfer (EFT), credit card or deposit account 电子信贷转移，信用卡或存储账户支付方法pertaining to （payment method）关于payments by credit card and payments by deposit account 信用卡或存储账户支付fully complied with 完全遵守if the benefits thereof are desired. 得到其中的便利be paid in advance 预先交permits maintenance fees to be adjusted 允许年费to be adjusted every year on October 1 每年的10月一日调整reflect any fluctuations during the previous 12 months 反映根据由劳动部确定的in the Consumer Price Index as determined 前12个月的by the Secretary of Labor 消费价格指数的波动sets forth the time periods 指定时间期限referred to generally as the “window period,”一般称为“窗口期”The last day is the same day of the month the patent 窗口期的最后一天是专利授权后的was granted 3 years and 6 months, 7 years and 6 months, 3年零6个月，7年零6个月or 11 years and 6 months after grant of the patent. 和11年零6个月的授权当月的同一日。