中英文翻译

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中英文句子翻译在线翻译

中英文句子翻译在线翻译

中英⽂句⼦翻译在线翻译1. ⼀些唯美的英⽂句⼦,带翻译1、To the world you may be one person, but to one person you may be the world. 对于世界⽽⾔,你是⼀个⼈;但是对于某个⼈,你是他的整个世界。

2、No man or woman is worth your tears, and the one who is, won't make you cry. 没有⼈值得你流泪,值得让你这么做的⼈不会让你哭泣。

3、Never frown, even when you are sad, because you never know who is falling in love with your smile. 纵然伤⼼,也不要愁眉不展,因为你不知是谁会爱上你的笑容。

4、We met at the wrong time, but separated at the right time. The most urgent is to take the most beautiful scenery; the deepest wound was the most real emotions. 我们在错误的时间相遇,在正确的时间却⼜分开。

⾛的最急的是最美的景⾊,伤的最深的是最真的感情。

5、Time would heal almost all wounds. If your wounds have not been healed up, please wait for a short while. 时间⼏乎会愈合所有伤⼝,如果你的伤⼝还没有愈合,请给时间⼀点时间!6、There's a difference between "love" and "like". If you like a flower you will pick it, but if you love a flower, you will water it every day. 爱与喜欢是有区别的。

中英文翻译

中英文翻译

中英文翻译中英文翻译精选推荐花旗测试扫描视网膜取款技术Citigroup is testing new technology that will allow customers to withdraw money using retinal scanning.花旗银行(Citigroup)正在测试允许客户通过扫描视网膜取款的新技术。

The bank wants to replace PIN codes with biometric scanners that could identify customers using only their eyes.花旗银行打算用仅通过客户的眼睛即可识别其身份的生物识别扫描仪来取代个人识别号码。

Customers would use a smartphone app to key in the amount they want to draw out ahead of time.客户只需在智能手机客户端上提前输入他们想取出的金额就可以了。

As they approached the ATM, the app would link up to the machine and use retinal scanning to confirm the customer’s identity.当客户走近自动取款机时,该客户端将与自动取款机连接,并通过扫描视网膜确认其身份。

The ATM would then release the cash, providing the scanner recognises the individual.若扫描仪识别出客户的身份,自动取款机就会吐出现金。

Citigroup said the retinal scans would take 15 seconds to complete compared to 45 seconds for traditional transactions.花旗银行表示,传统交易方式需花费45秒,而视网膜扫描技术可在15秒内完成交易。

外文翻译中英文对照

外文翻译中英文对照

Strengths优势All these private sector banks hold strong position on CRM part, they have professional, dedicated and well-trained employees.所以这些私人银行在客户管理部分都持支持态度,他们拥有专业的、细致的、训练有素的员工。

Private sector banks offer a wide range of banking and financial products and financial services to corporate and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels such as ATMs, Internet-banking, mobile-banking, etc. 私有银行通过许多传递通道(如自动取款机、网上银行、手机银行等)提供大范围的银行和金融产品、金融服务进行合作并向客户零售。

The area could be Investment management banking, life and non-life insurance, venture capital and asset management, retail loans such as home loans, personal loans, educational loans, car loans, consumer durable loans, credit cards, etc. 涉及的领域包括投资管理银行、生命和非生命保险、风险投资与资产管理、零售贷款(如家庭贷款、个人贷款、教育贷款、汽车贷款、耐用消费品贷款、信用卡等)。

Private sector banks focus on customization of products that are designed to meet the specific needs of customers. 私人银行主要致力于为一些特殊需求的客户进行设计和产品定制。

中英文文章翻译

中英文文章翻译

中英文文章翻译读不单是出版业生存和发展的基础,从更深层次上来讲还是民族文明传承和文化发展的希望。

下面是店铺带来的中英文文章翻译,欢迎阅读!中英文文章翻译1报告显示纽约成为全球留学生公寓均价最贵城市New York in the US is the most expensive city for international students in terms of accommodation, while the greatest number of Chinese studying overseas come from Beijing and Shanghai, according to a report.根据一项报告显示,美国纽约是全球留学生住宿最贵的城市,而北京和上海是中国出国留学生的最大两个生源城市。

The 2016 Overseas Student Accommodation Report, released by — a global platform for students seeking accommodation overseas — found that New York, with an average weekly rent of $526, is the costliest destination for international students.由全球学生海外寻找住宿平台发布的《2016留学生住宿报告》显示,纽约周租金均价为526美元,对国际学生来说是最昂贵的目的地。

Four more US cities: San Francisco, Berkeley, La Jolla and Boston, rounded out the top five. London in the UK ranked sixth, while Sydney, Australia came in 10th.另外4个美国城市:旧金山、伯克利、拉荷亚和波士顿位居榜单前5。

中英文对照翻译文章

中英文对照翻译文章

中英文对照翻译文章不少英文文章都是带有翻译的,为的就是方便读者在不理解文章的时候能够找到对照的意思。

下面就是店铺给大家整理的中英文对照翻译文章,希望大家喜欢。

中英文对照翻译文章篇1:A Sailor's Christmas Gift一个水手的圣诞礼物William J·Lederer威廉·J·莱德勒Last year at Christmas time my wife,three boys,and I were in France,on our way from Paristo Nice.For five wretched days ererything had gone wrong.Our hotels were“touristtraps”;our rented car broke down;we were all restless and irritable in the crowded car.OnChristmas Eve,when we checked into a dingy hotel in Nice,there was no Christmas spirit inour hearts.去年,在圣诞节期间,我和我的妻子以及我们的三个孩子,从法国踏上由巴黎到尼斯的旅途。

由于接连五天的恶劣天气,旅途上一切很不顺心。

我们下榻的旅馆尽是些敲诈勒索旅客的“陷阱”;我们租用的那辆汽车老是发生故障,在拥挤不堪的车子上大家个个显得烦躁不安。

圣诞节前夕,我们住进了尼斯的一家旅店,这家旅店又脏又暗,我们打心眼里感觉不到丝毫的节日气氛。

It was raining and cold when we went out to eat.We found a drab littlejoint shoddily decoratedfor the holiday.It smelled greasy.Only five tables in the restaurant were occupied.Therewere two German couples,two French families,and an American sailor,by himself.In thecorner a piano player listlessly played Christmas music.我们外出就餐时,天正下着小雨,天气寒冷。

英语课文中英文对照翻译1-7

英语课文中英文对照翻译1-7

中英文对照翻译Unit 1A Y oung Boy‟s AmbitionOnce a day a cheap, gaudy packet arrived upward from St. Louis, and another downward from Keokuk. Before these events, the day was glorious with expectancy; after them, the day was a dead and empty thing. Not only the boys, but the whole village, felt this. After all these years I can picture that old time to myself now, just as it was then: the white town drowsing in the sunshine of a summer's morning; the streets empty, or prettynearly so; one or two clerks sitting in front of the Water Street stores, with their splint-bottomed chairs tilted back against the wall, chins on breasts, hats slouched over their faces, asleep - with shingle-shavings enough around to show what broke them down; a sow and a litter of pigs loafing along the sidewalk, doing a good business in watermelon rinds and seeds; two or three lonely little freight piles scattered about the "levee"; a pile of "skids" on the slope of the stone-paved wharf, and the fragrant town drunkard asleep in the shadow of them; two or three wood flats at the head of the wharf, but nobody to listen to the peaceful lapping of the wavelets against them; the great Mississippi, the majestic, the magnificent Mississippi, rolling its mile-wide tide along, shining in the sun; the dense forest away on the other side; the "point" above the town, and the "point" below, bounding theriver-glimpse and turning it into a sort of sea, and withal a very still and brilliant and lonely one. Presently a film of dark smoke appears above one of those remote "points"; instantly a negro drayman, famous for his quick eye and prodigious voice, lifts up the cry, "S-t-e-a-m-boat a-comin!" and the scene changes! The town drunkard stirs, the clerks wake up, a furious clatter of drays follows, every house and store pours out a human contribution, and all in a twinkling the dead town is alive and moving.一艘简陋而外表华丽的定班轮船从圣路易斯开上来,另一艘从奇阿库克往下游开,每天都要来到这里一次。

中英文翻译

中英文翻译

It is hard to please all. 要使人人满意是件难事。

Business before pleasure. 先工作,后娱乐./干完正事再玩儿.It is dogged that does it. 有志者事竞成.It's a day after the fair. 错过良机,为时已晚。

Reading enriches the mind. 开卷有益.Opportunities do not wait. 机不可失,时不再来.Other times,other manners. 隔代不同礼。

Love laughs at locksmiths. 爱情嘲笑锁匠. /爱情能克服困难.Let the sleeping dogs lie. 莫惹是非。

Every medal has two sides. 每个勋章都有两面。

/ 每个问题都有正反两面。

Every bean hath its black. 每粒蚕豆都长黑嘴。

/ 人都有缺点。

Even Homer sometimes nods. 即使荷马也会打盹. /智者千虑,必有一失.Facts are stubborn things. 事实都是顽强的. /事实是掩盖不住的.Every why has a wherefore. 凡事必有因.Fortune favours the brave. 天佑勇士。

Art is long,life is short. 人生短暂,艺术长存。

Bad times make a good man. 艰难困苦出能人.Better be sure than sorry. 稳当总比后悔好。

Good counsel does no harm. 忠言有利无害。

Anything for a quiet life. 悠然自在最难求.Appearances are deceptive. 外表是靠不住的。

Who knows most says least. 知道得最多的人说得最少。

英汉对照全译大全

英汉对照全译大全

英汉对照全译大全全文共四篇示例,供读者参考第一篇示例:英汉对照全译是指将英语原文逐字逐句地翻译成中文,以保留原文的语言风格和表达方式,同时也让读者更容易理解原文的含义。

英汉对照全译不仅可以帮助中文读者学习英语,还可以让熟练掌握英语的读者更加深入地理解原文的含义和细节。

下面将为大家制作一份关于【英汉对照全译大全】的文章,通过英汉对照的方式,为大家提供更多学习和阅读的机会。

1. Hello, how are you? 你好,你好吗?2. I’m fine, thank you. 我很好,谢谢你。

3. What’s your name? 你叫什么名字?4. My name is Lisa. 我的名字是丽莎。

6. I am from China. 我来自中国。

8. Yes, I like reading very much. 是的,我非常喜欢读书。

10. My favorite book is "Pride and Prejudice" by Jane Austen. 我最喜欢的书是简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》。

12. I am twenty years old. 我二十岁了。

13. What do you do for a living? 你是做什么工作的?14. I am a teacher. 我是一名教师。

16. I enjoy listening to music and watching movies. 我喜欢听音乐和看电影。

17. Have you ever traveled abroad? 你有没有去过国外旅行?21. Do you have any siblings? 你有兄弟姐妹吗?22. Yes, I have one brother and one sister. 是的,我有一个哥哥和一个妹妹。

23. Are you married? 你结婚了吗?26. I plan to further my education and travel around the world. 我计划继续教育并环游世界。

中英文对照翻译文章

中英文对照翻译文章

中英文对照翻译文章1The Giving Tree奉献树Once there was a tree…and she loved a little boy. Every day the boy would come and he would gather her leaves and make them into crowns and play king of the forest.He would climb up her trunkand swing from her branches and eat apples. And they would play hide-and-go-seek. And when he was tired, he would sleep in her shade. And the boy loved the tree very much….And the tree washappy.从前有一棵树,她喜欢一个小男孩。

每天男孩都会跑到这棵树下捡落叶,做成王冠,把自已装扮成森林之王。

男孩总是爬上树干,在树枝扛荡秋千,吃树上的苹果,他们还会一起玩捉迷藏的游戏。

男孩累了,就在树荫里睡觉。

小男孩非常喜爱这棵树,大树也十分开心。

But time went by. The boy grew older, and the tree was often alone.但是时光流逝,男孩逐渐长大,大树常常形单影只。

Then one day the boy came to the tree and the tree said."Come, Boy, come and climb up my trunk and swing from my branches and eat my apples and play in my shade and be happy."有一天男孩来到大树旁,大树说:“来吧,孩子,爬到我的树干上,在树枝上荡秋千,吃几个苹果,再到阴凉里玩一会儿,你会开心的!”"I am too big to climb and play." said the boy. "1 want to buy things and have fun. I want some money. Can you give me some money?"“我已经大了,不爱爬树玩儿了,”男孩说,“我想买些东西,想找些乐子。

中英文对翻译

中英文对翻译

Looking out from his office window in Taipei with a cigarette dangling from his lips, Taiwanese auteur Chang Tso-chi says there is no better place to learn about courage than from the top of a tree.从他的台北办公室窗户往外望去,嘴里叼着香烟,台湾导演张作骥(Chang Tso-chi)说,树顶是最能懂得勇敢的意义的地方。

Mr. Chang, who grew up in the countryside in southern Taiwan, recalls how he and his friends would climb trees in their bare feet. 'The mountains were our playground, and the drainage ditch next to my home was so clean that we often swam to school, ' he says.张作骥在台湾南部乡村长大,他想起小时候经常和朋友光着脚一起爬树的情形。

他说,那些山就是我们的游乐场,我家旁的排水沟里的水特别干,所以我们经常游泳去学校。

This strong sense of nostalgia for a simple childhood, free of tablet computers and online games, is the primary motivation behind his latest coming-of-age film, 'A Time in Quchi, ' which completes Mr. Chang's trilogy on the family following 'How Are You, Dad?' (2009) and 'When Love Comes' (2010).这段远离平板电脑和在线游戏的简单童年勾起他强烈的怀旧情绪,而这正是他拍摄以成长为主题的最新电影《暑假作业》(A Time in Quchi)的背后初衷。

翻译50句中英翻译

翻译50句中英翻译

翻译50句中英翻译【翻译50句】1. Law, in its true notion, is not so much the limitation as the direction of a freeand intelligent man to his proper interest.法律真正的意义,是要把一个自由而理性的人,导向正当的利益上去,而不是对此加以限制的。

2. Chilly gusts of wind with a taste of rain in them had well nigh dispeopled thestreets.阵阵寒风夹着零星雨点已使街上几乎空无一人了。

3. When the news from the countryside reached the city, it causedimmediately uproar among the gentry.乡里消息传到城里来,城里的绅士立刻大哗。

4. People who have enjoyed good educational opportunities ought to show itin their conduct and language.5. But persons who are of a lazy or a benevolent, or a sarcastic mood, mayperhaps like to step in for half an hour, and look at the performances.但是不这样想的人们,带着一点懒散、慈悲或是嘲讽的心情也许愿意进来花半个小时看看演出。

6. He had a disconcerting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapidsuccession.他有个习性鸣己蒙不了,意义重复不订,一会一个主意。

经典英文电影台词

经典英文电影台词

经典英文电影台词1.A man can be destroyed but not defeated.一个人可以被毁灭,却不能被打败。

《老人与海》2. Life was like a box of chocolates, you never know what you’re gonna get.生命就像一盒巧克力,结果往往出人意料 . 《阿甘正传》3. Death is just a part of life, something we're all destined to do.死亡是生命的一部分,是我们注定要做的一件事。

《阿甘正传》4.If the people we love are stolen from us, the way to have them live on, is to remember them. Building burn, people die, but real love is forever. -- The Crow如果我们所爱的人从我们身边被偷走,要使他们继续留在我们身边,就要记住他们。

建筑会被焚毁,人会死去,而真爱永存。

《乌鸦》5. Frankly,my dear,I don’t give a damn.坦白说,亲爱的,我一点也不在乎。

(《乱世佳人》1939)6.I’m going to make him an offer he can’t refuse.我会开出他无法拒绝的条件。

(《教父》1972)7.Toto,I’ve got a feeling we’re not in Kansas anymore.托托,我想我们再也回不去堪萨斯了。

(《绿野仙踪》1939)8.Here’s looking at you,kid.永志不忘。

(《卡萨布兰卡》1942)9.Go ahead,make my day.来吧,让我也高兴高兴。

(《拨云见日》1983)10.All right,Mr. De Mille,I’m ready for my close-up.好了,德米勒先生,我已经准备好拍摄我的特写镜头了。

新概念英语第二册中英文对照翻译

新概念英语第二册中英文对照翻译

I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily.
他们却毫不理会。
They did not pay any attention.
最后,我忍不住了,
In the end, I could not bear it.
又一次回过头去,
I turned round again.
晚吗?现在已经1点钟了!”
up so late? It's one o'clock!'
$课文3 请给我寄一张明信片
明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。 Postcards always spoil my holidays.
去年夏天,我去了意大利。
Last summer, I went to Italy.
我参观了博物馆,还去了公园。
the diamonds.
When the plane arrived, some of the
当飞机到达时,一些侦探等候在主楼 detectives were waiting inside the main
内,另一些侦探则守候在停机坪上。 building while others were waiting on
生气地说:“我一个字也听不见了! ”
'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily.
“不关你的事,”那男的毫不客气地 'It's none of your business,' the young
说,
man said rudely.
“这是私人间的谈话!”
'This is a private conversation!'

中英文在线翻译

中英文在线翻译

中英文在线翻译2020.05.14 锦觅良识1. Don’t fear failure, be afraid of not having the chance.不要害怕失败,而应该害怕没有机会。

2. No sky too high, no sea too rough, no muff too tough.没有触不可及的天,没有深不可测的海,没有难以跨越的坎。

3.In order to feel compelled to live a powerful and meaningful life, you must love you.为了让生活有意义并充满能量,你必须爱自己。

4. I don’t care how minuscule the movement is, but make movement.我不在乎行动有多渺小,但至少你是行动了的。

5. There is no passion to be found playing small in setting for a life, that’s less than the on you’re capable of living.没有人喜欢碌碌无为,过着比自己所能创造的生活还要糟糕的日子。

6. When all the clouds darken up the skyway, there is a rainbow highway to be found.当乌云密布,彩虹会为你铺就一条路。

7.Because tomorrow, the sun will rise. 因为明天,太阳总会升起。

8. You’ve got glitter in your veins. 你骨子里就是发光的。

9. You have to spin a good yarn before you can weave a great dream.你得先备好针线,才能织出更美好的梦。

10.The world is a chessboard, on which we played game will never supposed to be fair. But still excite us with its numbers possibilities. So go play with what you have, change the game!世界宛如一张棋盘,我们在此进行着永不平等的竞争,但仍存在种种让我们跃跃欲试的可能。

00600高级英语(上册)课文中英文对照翻译

00600高级英语(上册)课文中英文对照翻译

高级英语上册课文逐句翻译Lesson One Rock Superstars关于我们和我们的社会,他们告诉了我们些什么?What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?摇滚乐是青少年叛逆的音乐。

——摇滚乐评论家约相?罗克韦尔Rock is the music of teenage rebellion.--- John Rockwell, rock music critic知其崇拜何人便可知其人。

——小说家罗伯特?佩恩?沃伦By a man’s heroes ye shall know him.--- Robert Penn Warren, novelist1972年6月的一天,芝加哥圆形剧场挤满了大汗淋漓、疯狂摇摆的人们。

It was mid-June, 1972, the Chicago Amphitheater was packed, sweltering, rocking.滚石摇滚乐队的迈克?贾格尔正在台上演唱“午夜漫步人”。

Mick Jagger of the Rolling Stones was singing “Midnight Rambler.”演唱结束时评论家唐?赫克曼在现场。

Critic Don Heckman was there when the song ended.他描述道:“贾格尔抓起一个半加仑的水罐沿舞台前沿边跑边把里面的水洒向前几排汗流浃背的听众。

听众们蜂拥般跟随着他跑,急切地希望能沾上几滴洗礼的圣水。

“Jagger,” he said, “grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform, sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners. They surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops”.1973年12月下旬的一天,约1.4万名歌迷在华盛顿市外的首都中心剧场尖叫着,乱哄哄地拥向台前。

影视中英文句子翻译50句3

影视中英文句子翻译50句3

1.You just have to take the first step, even before you're ready.即使没有万全准备,也要勇敢迈出第一步。

2.We must stay true to ourselves.忠于自我,顺心而为。

3.We must look to the future.人要向前看。

4.The important thing in life isn't the destination. It's the journey. 人生重要的不是目的,而是过程。

5.There is always a chance that things'll get better.生活总有转机。

6.This path has been placed before you.路就在你脚下。

7.We are the composers of our own epic poem.人生的史诗由自己书写。

8.Sometimes affection is a shy flower that takes time to blossom. 有时感情犹如含羞的花,需要时间缓缓绽放。

9.Love is the best thing we do.爱是最美好的事。

10.May every color of love fill your heart on the auspicious Lantern Festival.元宵佳节至,愿您内心爱意丰盈。

11.There are some natures too noble to curb, and too lofty to bend.有的人生来高尚,从不低头。

12.Don't make promises you can't keep.言出必行,有诺必践。

13.I want you to be the very best version of yourself that you can be.愿你成为最好的自己。

典范英语7-5中英文对照翻译CaptainCometANDTHEPurplePlanet

典范英语7-5中英文对照翻译CaptainCometANDTHEPurplePlanet

典范英语7-5中英⽂对照翻译CaptainCometANDTHEPurplePlanet 5第五篇CaptainCometANDTHEPurplePlanet《彗星船长和紫⾊星球》1Spannerisbored斯潘纳⽆聊了ItwasaquietmorningatStardustSpaceStation.在星尘号空间站,⼀个宁静的早晨。

CaptainStellawascheckingthespaceshuttle.史黛拉船长正在检查太空穿梭机。

CaptainCometwaswateringtheplantsandSpannertherobotwasbored.科密特船长在给植物浇⽔,机器⼈斯潘纳觉得⽆聊了。

‘CanIsitatthecontroldesk?’heasked.“我能坐到控制台那⼉吗?”他问道。

‘Allright,’saidCaptainComet,‘Butdon’ttouchanythinganddon’tpressthatredbutton.’“可以”,科密特船长说,“但是不要碰任何东西,也不要按那个红⾊的按钮”Spannersatdownatthedeskandlookedatallthebuttons.扳⼿坐在了控制台前,看着上⾯的各种按钮。

Therewerebuttonstoopenallth espacestationdoorsandbuttonstoturnonallthelights.有开空间站所有门的按钮,也有开所有灯的按钮。

Therewasevenabuttontoflushallthetoilets!甚⾄有个按钮控制所有冲刷马桶的。

Therewasalsoabigredbutton,labelled‘Gravity’.还有⼀个红⾊的按钮,上⾯标注着“重⼒”。

Spannerwasnotsurewhat‘Gravity’was.斯潘纳不明⽩这个“重⼒”是怎么回事。

‘I’llpressitveryquickly,’saidSpanner,‘toseewhatitdoes.’“我很快地按⼀下”,斯潘纳说,“看看它到底是什么”,Hepressedtheredbutton.它按下了红⾊按钮。

经典中英文翻译例句

经典中英文翻译例句

6.I wouldn‘t care success or failure, for I will only struggle ahead as long as I have been destined to the distance. I wouldn‘t care the difficulties around, for what I can leave on the earth is only their view of my back since I have been marching toward the horizontal. (英译汉)我不去想是否能够成功,既然选择了远方,便只顾风雨兼程;我不去想身后会不会袭来寒风冷雨,既然目标是地平线,留给世界的只能是背影.1.我没有留心听他说话。

I listened to him with half an ear.with half an ear 不专心(听), 不很注意地2.不要妄下结论,先把事情搞清楚。

Don't jump to conclusion. We have to figure it out first.3.我不会提供任何意见,我想你该自己做决定。

I’m no t going to dish out any advice, I think you should take your time deciding.dish out 把...盛在盘中端上; (用餐时)分(饭) 发给, 分配; 发布(消息等) [口]滔滔不绝地讲出; 单调的背诵[美俚]施加(打, 骂等)4.我妹妹很固执,你要她改变心意根本就是白费力气。

My sister is very stubborn. You're just beating your head against a wall trying to make her change her mind.beat one's head against a wall白费力气;徒劳无功5.我们向你方保证这样的事件在以后的出货中不会再度发生。

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智能开关电源中文:随着电子技术的高速发展,电子系统的应用领域越来越广泛,电子设备的种类也越来越多,电子设备与人们的工作、生活的关系日益密切。

任何电子设备都离不开可靠的电源,它们对电源的要求也越来越高。

电子设备的小型化和低成本化使电源以轻、薄、小和高效率为发展方向。

传统的晶体管串联调整稳压电源是连续控制的线性稳压电源。

这种传统稳压电源技术比较成熟,并且已有大量集成化的线性稳压电源模块,具有稳定性能好、输出波纹电压小、使用可靠等优点。

但通常都需要体积大且笨重的工频变压器与体积和重量都很大的滤波器。

二十世纪五十年代,美国宇航局以小型化、重量轻为目标,为搭载火箭开发了开关电源。

在近半个世纪的发展过程中,开关电源因具有重量轻、体积小、效率高、稳压范围宽等优点,在电子电气、控制、计算机等许多领域的电子设备中得到了广泛的使用。

二十世纪八十年代,计算机全面实现了开关电源化,率先完成计算机的电源换代。

二十世纪九十年代,开关电源在电子、电器设备、家电领域得到了广泛的应用,开关电源技术进入快速发展期。

此外,大规模集成电路技术的迅速发展,又使开关电源有了质的飞跃,掀起了电源产品高频化、小型化、模块化的浪潮。

功率开关管、PWM控制器和高频变压器是开关电源必不可少的组成部分。

传统的开关电源一般均采用分立的高频功率开关管和多引脚的PWM集成控制器,例如采用UC3842+MOSFET是国内小功率开关电源中较为普及的设计方法。

七十年代以来,涌现出许多功能完备的集成控制电路,使开关电源电路日益简化,工作频率不断提高,效率提高,并为电源小型化提供了广阔的前景。

三端离线式脉宽调制单片开关集成电路TOP(Three Terminal Off Line)将PWM控制器与功率开关MOSFET合二为一封装在一起,已成为开关电源IC发展的主流。

采用TOP开关集成电路设计开关电源,可使电路简化,体积进一步缩小,成本也明显降低。

单片开关电源具有单片集成化、最简外围电路、最佳性能指标、能构成无工频变压器开关电源等显著优点。

美国PI(Power Integration)公司于上世纪九十年代中期率先推出的新型高频开关电源芯片,被誉为"顶级开关电源",具有成本低,电路简单,效率高等优点。

其第一代产品以1994年推出的TOP100/200系列为代表,第二代产品则是1997年问世的TOPSwitch-Ⅱ。

上述产品一经问世便显示出强大的生命力,他极大地简化了150W以下开关电源的设计和新产品的开发工作,也为新型、高效、低成本开关电源的推广与普及创造了良好条件,可广泛用于仪器仪表、笔记本电脑、移动电话、电视机、VCD和DVD、摄录像机、手机电池充电器、功率放大器等领域,并构成各种小型化、高密度、在价格上能与线性稳压电源相竞争的AC/DC电源变换模块。

开关电源向集成化方向发展将是未来的主要趋势,功率密度将越来越大,对工艺的要求也会越来越高.在半导体器件和磁性材料没有新的突破之前,重大的技术进展可能很难实现,技术创新的重点将集中在如何提高效率和减小重量.因此,工艺水平将会在电源制造中占的地位越来越高.另外,数字控制集成电路的应用也是将来开关电源发展的一个方向.这信赖于DSP运行速度和抗干扰技术的不断提高.至于先进的控制方法,目前个人觉得还没有看到实用性特别强的方法出现,也许随着数字控制的普及,会有一些新的控制理论运用到开关电源中来.(1)高频化技术:随着开关频率的提高,开关变换器的体积也随之减少,功率密度也得到大幅提升,动态响应得到改善。

小功率DC-DC变换器的开关频率将上升到MHz。

但随着开关频率的不断提高,开关元件和无源元件损耗的增加、高频寄生参数以及高频EMI等新的问题也将随之产生。

(2)软开关技术:为提高变换器的变换效率,各种软开关技术应用而生,具有代表性的是无源软开关技术和有源软开关技术,主要包括零电压开关/零电流开关(ZVS/ZCS)谐振、准谐振、零电压/零电流脉宽调制技术(ZVS/ZCS-PWM)以及零电压过渡/零电流过渡脉宽调制(ZVT/ZCT-PWM)技术等。

采用软开关技术可以有效的降低开关损耗和开关应力,有助于变换器变换效率的提高。

(3)功率因数校正技术(PFC)。

目前PFC技术主要分为有源PFC技术和无源PFC技术两大类,采用PFC技术可以提高AC-DC变化器输入端功率因数,减少对电网的谐波污染。

(4)模块化技术。

采用模块化技术可以满足分布式电源系统的需要,提高系统的可靠性。

(5)低输出电压技术。

随着半导体制造技术的不断发展,微处理器和便携式电子设备的工作越来越低,这就要求未来的DC-DC变换器能够提供低输出电压以适应微处理器和便携式电子设备的供电要求。

人们在开关电源技术领域是边开发相关电力电子器件,边开发开关变频技术,两者相互促进推动着开关电源每年以超过两位数字的增长率向着轻、小、薄、低噪声、高可靠、抗干扰的方向发展。

开关电源可分为AC/DC和DC/DC两大类,也有AC/AC DC/AC 如逆变器 DC/DC变换器现已实现模块化,且设计技术及生产工艺在国内外均已成熟和标准化,并已得到用户的认可,但AC/DC的模块化,因其自身的特性使得在模块化的进程中,遇到较为复杂的技术和工艺制造问题。

以下分别对两类开关电源的结构和特性作以阐述。

开关电源的发展方向是高频、高可靠、低耗、低噪声、抗干扰和模块化。

由于开关电源轻、小、薄的关键技术是高频化,因此国外各大开关电源制造商都致力于同步开发新型高智能化的元器件,特别是改善二次整流器件的损耗,并在功率铁氧体(Mn?Zn)材料上加大科技创新,以提高在高频率和较大磁通密度(Bs)下获得高的磁性能,而电容器的小型化也是一项关键技术。

SMT技术的应用使得开关电源取得了长足的进展,在电路板两面布置元器件,以确保开关电源的轻、小、薄。

开关电源的高频化就必然对传统的PWM开关技术进行创新,实现ZVS、ZCS的软开关技术已成为开关电源的主流技术,并大幅提高了开关电源的工作效率。

对于高可靠性指标,美国的开关电源生产商通过降低运行电流,降低结温等措施以减少器件的应力,使得产品的可靠性大大提高。

模块化是开关电源发展的总体趋势,可以采用模块化电源组成分布式电源系统,可以设计成N+1冗余系统,并实现并联方式的容量扩展。

针对开关电源运行噪声大这一缺点,若单独追求高频化其噪声也必将随着增大,而采用部分谐振转换电路技术,在理论上即可实现高频化又可降低噪声,但部分谐振转换技术的实际应用仍存在着技术问题,故仍需在这一领域开展大量的工作,以使得该项技术得以实用化。

电力电子技术的不断创新,使开关电源产业有着广阔的发展前景。

要加快我国开关电源产业的发展速度,就必须走技术创新之路,走出有中国特色的产学研联合发展之路,为我国民经济的高速发展做出贡献。

英文:With the rapid development of electronic technology, application field of electronic system is more and more extensive, electronic equipment, there are more and more people work with electronic equipment, life is increasingly close relationship. Any electronic equipment are inseparable from reliable power supply for power requirements, they more and more is also high. Electronic equipment miniaturized and low cost in the power of light and thin, small and efficient for development direction. The traditional transistors series adjustment manostat is continuous control linear manostat. This traditional manostat technology more mature, and there has been a large number of integrated linear manostat module, has the stable performance is good, output ripple voltage small, reliable operation, etc. But usually need are bulky and heavy industrial frequency transformer and bulk and weight are big filter.In the 1950s, NASA to miniaturization, light weight as the goal, for a rocket carrying the switch power development. In almost half a century of development process, switch power because of its small volume, light weight, high efficiency, wide range, voltage advantages in electric, control, computer, and many other areas of electronic equipment has been widely used. In the 1980s, acomputer is made up of all of switch power supply, the first complete computer power generation. Throughout the 1990s, switching power supply in electronics, electrical equipment, home appliances areas to be widely, switch power technology into the rapid development. In addition, large scale integrated circuit technology, and the rapid development of switch power supply with a qualitative leap, raised high frequency power products of, miniaturization, modular tide.Power switch tube, PWM controller and high-frequency transformer is an indispensable part of the switch power supply. The traditional switch power supply is normally made by using high frequency power switch tube division and the pins, such as using PWM integrated controller UC3842 + MOSFET is domestic small power switch power supply, the design method of a more popularity.Since the 1970s, emerged in many function complete integrated control circuit, switch power supply circuit increasingly simplified, working frequency enhances unceasingly, improving efficiency, and for power miniaturization provides the broad prospect. Three end off-line pulse width modulation monolithic integrated circuit TOP (Three switch Line) will Terminal Off with power switch MOSFET PWM controller one package together,has become the mainstream of switch power IC development. Adopt TOP switch IC design switch power, can make the circuit simplified, volume further narrowing, cost also is decreased obviouslyMonolithic switching power supply has the monolithic integrated, the minimalist peripheral circuit, best performance index, no work frequency transformer can constitute a significant advantage switching power supply, etc. American PI (with) company in Power in the mid 1990s first launched the new high frequency switching Power supply chip, known as the "top switch Power", with low cost, simple circuit, higher efficiency. The first generation of products launched in 1994 representedTOP100/200 series, the second generation product is the TOPSwitch - debuted in 1997 Ⅱ. The above products once appeared showed strong vitality and he greatly simplifies the design of 150W following switching power supply and the development of new products for the new job, also, high efficiency and low cost switch power supply promotion and popularization created good condition, which can be widely used in instrumentation, notebook computers, mobile phones, TV, VCD and DVD, perturbation VCR, mobile phone battery chargers, power amplifier and other fields, and form various miniaturization,density, on price can compete with the linear manostat AC/DC power transformation module.Switching power supply to integrated direction of future development will be the main trend, power density will more and more big, to process requirements will increasingly high. In semiconductor devices and magnetic materials, no new breakthrough technology progress before major might find it hard to achieve, technology innovation will focus on how to improve the efficiency and focus on reducing weight. Therefore, craft level will be in the position of power supply manufacturing higher in. In addition, the application of digital control IC is the future direction of the development of a switch power. This trust in DSP for speed and anti-interference technology unceasing enhancement. As for advanced control method, now the individual feels haven't seen practicability of the method appears particularly strong, perhaps with the popularity of digital control, and there are some new control theory into switching power supply.(1)The technology: with high frequency switching frequencies increase, switch converter volume also decrease, power density has also been boosted, dynamic response improved. Small power DC - DC converter switch frequency will rise to MHz. But as the switch frequency unceasingenhancement, switch components and passive components loss increases, high-frequency parasitic parameters andhigh-frequency EMI and so on the new issues will also be caused.(2)Soft switching technologies: in order to improve the efficiency of non-linearity of various soft switch, commutation technical application and hygiene, representative of soft switch technology is passive and active soft switch technology, mainly including zero voltage switch/zero current switch (ZVS/ZCS) resonance, quasi resonant, zero voltage/zero current pulse width modulation technology (ZVS/ZCS - PWM) and zero voltage transition/zero current transition pulse width modulation (PWM) ZVT/ZCT - technical, etc. By means of soft switch technology can effectively reduce switch loss and switch stress, help converter transformation efficiency(3)Power factor correction technology (IC simplifies PFC). At present mainly divided into IC simplifies PFC technology passive and active IC simplifies PFC technology using IC simplifies PFC technology two kinds big, IC simplifies PFC technology can improve AC - DC change device input power factor, reduce the harmonic pollution of power grid.(4)Modular technology. Modular technology can meet the needs of the distributed power system, enhance the system reliability.(5)Low output voltage technology. With the continuous development of semiconductor manufacturing technology, microprocessor and portable electronic devices work more and more low, this requires future DC - DC converter can provide low output voltage to adapt microprocessor and power supply requirement of portable electronic devicesPeople in switching power supply technical fields are edge developing related power electronics device, the side of frequency conversion technology, development of switch between mutual promotion push switch power supply with more than two year growth toward light, digital small, thin, low noise and high reliability, anti-interference direction. Switching power supply can be divided into the AC/DC and DC/DC two kinds big, also have AC/AC DC/AC as inverter DC/DC converter is now realize modular, and design technology and production process at home and abroad, are mature and standardization, and has approved by users, but the AC/DC modular, because of its own characteristics in the process of making modular, meet more complex technology and craft manufacture problems. Thefollowing two types of switch power supply respectively on the structure and properties of this.Switching power supply is the development direction of high frequency, high reliability, low consumption, low noise,anti-jamming and modular. Because light switch power, small, thin key techniques are changed, so high overseas each big switch power supply manufacturer are devoted to the development of new high intelligent synchronous rectifier, especially the improvement of secondary devices of the device, and power loss of Zn ferrite (Mn) material? By increasing scientific and technological innovation, to enhance in high frequency and larger magnetic flux density (Bs) can get high magnetic under the miniaturization of, and capacitor is a key technology. SMT technology application makes switching power supply has made considerable progress, both sides in the circuit board to ensure that decorate components of switch power supply light, small, thin. The high frequency switching power supply of the traditional PWM must innovate switch technology, to realize the ZCS ZVS, soft switch technology has become the mainstream of switch power supply technical, and greatly improve the efficiency of switch power. For high reliability index, America's switch power producers, reduce by lowering operatingcurrent measures such as junction temperature of the device, in order to reduce stress the reliability of products made greatly increased.Modularity is of the general development of switch power supply trend can be modular power component distributed power system, can be designed to N + 1 redundant system, and realize the capacity expansion parallel. According to switch power running large noise this one defect, if separate the pursuit of high frequency noise will increase its with the partial resonance, and transform circuit technology, high frequency can be realized in theory and can reduce the noise, but part of the practical application of resonant conversion technology still have a technical problem, so in this area still need to carry out a lot of work, in order to make the technology to practional utilization.Power electronic technology unceasing innovation, switch power supply industry has broad prospects for development. To speed up the development of switch power industry in China, we must walk speed of technological innovation road, combination with Chinese characteristics in the joint development path, for I the high-speed development of national economy to make the contribution.。

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