八年级下册人教版英语Unit 9 重点语法及练习题

八年级下册人教版英语：期末复习Unit 9 Have you ever been to a museum?重点语法

及练习题

现在完成时(Present Perfect Tense)

（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

—It’s so dark.太黑了。

—Someone has turned off the light.有人把灯关上了。

（2）表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

常与since+过去的时间点，for+一段时间，since+时间段+ego,so far等时间状语连用。

Eg.I have lived here for ten years.我已经住在这里10年了。（从10年前开始，持续到现在还住这儿）

Eg.I have lived here since2019.自从2019年我就住在这儿。（从2019年开始，持续到现在还住这儿）

（3）基本结构及句型转换：主语+have/has+过去分词(done)(当主语是第三人称单数has,其余人称用have。)

①肯定句：主语+have/has+过去分词+其他I have finished my homework.(肯定句)

①否定句：主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其

他I have not finished my homework.（否定句）

①一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他

—Have you finished your homework?

—Yes,I have./No,I haven’t,（一般疑问句及肯定、否定回答）

（4）has gone(to),has been(to),has been(in)的区别

Have/Has gone(to):去了(现在不在说话现场)

Eg. ---Where is your father？

---He has gone to Shanghai.

Have/Has been(to):去过（已不在去过的地方）

Eg.My father has been to Shanghai.

Have/has been in：呆了多久（还在所呆的地方）

Eg.My father has been in Shanghai for two months.=My father has been in Shangha i since two months ago.

（5）现在完成时的标志：

①常与just,already,yet,ever,never,before,so far等连用，强调动作的完成，不强调动作的持续。

Have you ever been to Japan?I have just finished my homework.

①for+时间段；since+过去的时间点；since+段时间ago；since+一般过去时的句子。

They have known each other for five years.Since he was a child,he has lived in Engl and.

（6）动词过去式和过去分词的变化

规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：

pick→picked→picked;wish→wished→wished;stay→stayed→stayed

2.以不发音的e结尾的动词后面加d。如：

like→liked→liked;hope→hoped→hoped;phone→phoned→phoned

3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed。如：

study→studied→studied;hurry→hurried→hurried;reply→replied→replied

4.词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，要双写辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop→stopped→stopped;clap→clapped→clapped

不规则变化：

5. 以不变应万变。如：let→let→let;put→put→put;read→read→read

6.若中间有双写e，则去掉一个e，单词末尾再加t。如：

feel→felt→felt;keep→kept→kept;sleep→slept→slept

7.结尾的字母d变t。如：

lend→lent→lent;build→built→built;send→sent→sent

8.变为以-ought或-aught结尾。如：buy→bought→bought;

bring→brought→brought;catch→caught→caught;teach→taught→taught

1．—— Have you ever _____ to a zoo?

—— Yes, but only once. I visited Beijing Zoo last year.

A. gone

B. been

C. visited

D. seen 解析：因为回答是去过一次，故应该问去过几次，用搭配have been to, 故选B。2．They _____ to Tibet many times.

A. are

B. were

C. have been

D. had been

解析：因为后面是many times，用搭配have been to, 故选C。

3. Neither my sister nor I been to America before.

A. have ever

B. have never

C. has ever

D. has never 解析：题意为我和我姐姐以前都没去过美国，因为前面已经有neither。。。nor，同时因为其就近原则，故选B。

4. ---我从来没有去过新图书馆。

---我也没有。

--- I have to the new library.

---I.

解析：从没去过应为have never been to, 我也没有的的回答应为neither have I.

5. 以前我从来没读过这么好笑的故事。

I never a funny story like this.

解析：因为此题的标志词为never，故为现在完成时，故答案为：I have never read