初中英语语法 定语从句 专题讲解 (含教案及练习题)
初中定语从句详解及练习附答案
定语从句详解及练习附答案第一部分:基础知识(一).定语从句概述定语可以由形容词,代词,数词,名词,不定式,介词短语来充当。
如果是一个句子担任定语,那么这个句子就叫做定语从句,又可称为形容词性从句。
定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词,被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词,它位于定语从句之前,定语从句在先行词后面,应尽量紧跟先行词。
定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明。
(二).定语从句的引导词.定语从句的引导词分为两类,关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose )和关系副词( when, where,why ),引导词在先行词和定语从句之间,既起连接作用,即连接先行词和定语从句,更重要的是,它又在定语从句中作一个成分。
(三).关系代词1。
that 指人,物,在从句中作主语,宾语,表语.This is the photo that I took in the country.He is the singer that I met yesterday。
2。
which 指物,在从句中作主语,宾语,在非限定定语从句中充当定语,或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving.3. who 指人,在从句中作主语,宾语。
The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster。
The man who you just talked to is Tom。
4。
whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。
That is the professor whom you want to know。
5. whose 指人,物,在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s,后接一名词.I know the boy whose parents are dead。
I don’t like those cities whose roads are dirty.注:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
中考定语从句讲解与练习精选全文完整版
可编辑修改精选全文完整版中考定语从句讲解与练习一、定语从句的概述在复合句中修饰或限定名词、代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰或限定的名词、代词叫做先行词;引导定语从句的词叫做引导词。
定语从句放在所修饰、限定的词(先行词)之后。
例1:The boy who is reading a story book is my brother. 那个正在读一本故事书的男孩是我的兄弟。
在这句话中,who is reading a story book.是定语从句。
它修饰、限定the boy,the boy是先行词,引导定语从句的who是引导词。
二、定语从句的分类:定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面,用来说明先行词的性质、身份、特征等状况,与先行词的关系非常密切,翻译时一般要译到先行词的前面;如果去掉,则整个句子的意思含混不清。
A doctor is a person who looks after people's health. 医生是照顾人们健康的人。
2. 非限制性定语从句起到补充说明作用,译为汉语时常不译作定语,而是根据句意译为相应的其他形式的从句。
它与主句的关系不如限制性定语从句密切,只是对先行词作附加说明,既使去掉,主句的意思依然清楚。
非限制性定语从句前往往有逗号与主句隔开,如非限制性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号与隔开。
Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, where he had stayed two years.昨天,吉米动身到加拿大去了,他曾在那儿呆了两年。
三、定语从句的引导词引导定语从句的词称为引导词,它一方面连接先行词和定语从句;别一方面又在定语从句中充当句子成份,引导词一般不能按照疑问代词或疑问副词的意义进行翻译,一般情况下应译为“……的”。
定语从句的引导词可为分为关系代词和关系副词。
初中英语定语从句解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析
初中英语定语从句解题技巧解说及练习题( 含答案 ) 及分析一、定语从句1.-- Class, you should be thankful to those people _______ helped and supported you.--We will. Miss Chen.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. whose【答案】 C【分析】句意:——同学们,你们应当感谢那些帮助你们和支持你们的人。
——陈小姐,我们会的。
which 指引定语从句,修饰事物,作主语、宾语和表语;whom 指引定语从句,修饰人,作宾语或表语;who 指引定语从句,修饰人,作主语或宾语。
whose 指引定语从句,修饰人或物,作定语;此处修饰先行词people ,表示人,作定语从句的主语,故用who 。
应选 C。
2.When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common.A. what B. who C. where D. that【答案】D【分析】【详解】句意:当我们提及文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。
观察定语从句的指引词。
依据句意:当我们提及文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。
逗号后边的句中是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是life ,表示“物”,用指引词that ,在从句中做宾语。
what不可以指引定语从句。
先行词“人”,指引词常用who 。
where在定语从句是中做地址状语。
应选D。
【点睛】指引定语从句的关系词包含关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as ;关系副词有 when, where, why 。
关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充任必定的句法成份。
关系代词在从句中充任动词的宾语时一般能够省略。
定语从句语法讲解及练习教案
定语从句语法讲解及练习教案第一章:定语从句的概念与作用1.1 定语从句的定义1.2 定语从句的作用1.3 定语从句与主句的关系第二章:定语从句的类型2.1 限制性定语从句2.2 非限制性定语从句2.3 定语从句的引导词第三章:关系代词的使用3.1 关系代词who3.2 关系代词which3.3 关系代词that3.4 关系代词whoever、whomever、whichever、whatever的用法第四章:关系副词的使用4.1 关系副词where4.2 关系副词when4.3 关系副词why第五章:定语从句的练习5.1 选择题练习5.2 填空题练习5.3 改错题练习5.4 翻译题练习5.5 综合练习本教案旨在帮助学生掌握定语从句的概念、类型和引导词的用法,通过讲解和练习,使学生能够正确运用定语从句修饰名词或代词,提高英语写作和阅读能力。
第六章:定语从句的特殊情况6.1 空格前置的定语从句6.2 介词+关系代词/副词的结构6.3 关系代词/副词的省略第七章:定语从句与先行词的关系7.1 先行词是人7.2 先行词是物7.3 先行词是时间或地点7.4 先行词是抽象概念第八章:定语从句的嵌套与并列8.1 定语从句的嵌套8.2 多个定语从句的并列8.3 定语从句与同位语从句、宾语从句的区分第九章:定语从句在句子中的位置9.1 定语从句位于主句之前9.2 定语从句位于主句之后9.3 定语从句与其他成分的并列第十章:定语从句的实战应用10.1 定语从句在名词性从句中的应用10.2 定语从句在动词短语中的运用10.3 定语从句在长句和复杂句中的运用10.4 定语从句在实际语境中的例子分析本教案通过讲解定语从句的特殊情况、与先行词的关系、嵌套与并列、在句子中的位置以及实战应用,使学生更加深入地理解定语从句的用法,并在实际语境中灵活运用,提高学生的英语综合运用能力。
第十一章:定语从句的翻译技巧11.1 定语从句的翻译原则11.2 关系代词/副词的翻译策略11.3 定语从句中长句的翻译方法11.4 定语从句在中文表达中的对应结构第十二章:定语从句在阅读理解中的应用12.1 定语从句对句子含义的影响12.2 定语从句在复杂句子中的理解技巧12.3 定语从句在阅读中的识别与分析12.4 定语从句在阅读理解中的练习第十三章:定语从句在写作中的运用13.1 定语从句在写作中的作用13.2 定语从句的恰当使用与避免过度使用13.3 定语从句在写作中的创意运用13.4 定语从句写作练习与点评第十四章:定语从句的错误分析与避免14.1 常见定语从句错误类型14.2 定语从句错误的原因分析14.3 避免定语从句错误的策略14.4 定语从句错误分析与避免的练习第十五章:定语从句的综合练习与测试15.1 定语从句的综合练习题15.2 定语从句的测试题目15.3 定语从句练习题的答案与解析15.4 定语从句测试题的评分标准与反馈本教案通过讲解定语从句的翻译技巧、在阅读理解中的应用、在写作中的运用、错误分析与避免以及综合练习与测试,使学生全面掌握定语从句的用法,提高学生的英语实际应用能力,为深入学习英语打下坚实基础。
定语从句语法讲解及练习教案
定语从句语法讲解及练习教案第一章:定语从句的概念1.1 定语从句的定义解释定语从句是什么,以及它在句子中的作用。
强调定语从句与主句之间的关系。
1.2 定语从句的类型介绍限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句的概念。
解释两种定语从句的区别及其在句子中的使用场合。
第二章:关系词的使用2.1 关系词的定义解释关系词在定语从句中的作用,以及它与先行词的关系。
2.2 常见的关系词列举和解释一些常用的关系词,如who, which, that等。
2.3 关系词的选择讲解如何根据先行词的性质选择合适的关系词。
第三章:定语从句的先行词3.1 先行词的概念解释什么是先行词,以及它在定语从句中的作用。
3.2 先行词的类型介绍不同类型的先行词,如名词、代词、形容词等。
3.3 先行词的确定讲解如何确定先行词,以及它在定语从句中的位置。
第四章:定语从句的句子结构4.1 定语从句的构成解释定语从句的基本结构,包括关系词、谓语动词、宾语等。
4.2 定语从句的省略讲解在特定情况下定语从句中的某些成分可以省略的规则。
4.3 定语从句的修饰对象解释定语从句如何修饰先行词,以及修饰对象的不同类型。
第五章:定语从句的练习5.1 限定性定语从句练习提供一些练习题,让学生运用限定性定语从句的规则。
5.2 非限定性定语从句练习提供一些练习题,让学生运用非限定性定语从句的规则。
5.3 综合练习提供一些综合性的练习题,让学生综合运用定语从句的规则。
第六章:关系代词who, which, that的用法6.1 who的用法解释关系代词who在定语从句中的作用,特别是在修饰人的先行词时。
举例说明who的使用场景。
6.2 which的用法解释关系代词which在定语从句中的作用,特别是在修饰物的先行词时。
举例说明which的使用场景。
6.3 that的用法解释关系代词that在定语从句中的作用,以及它与who, which的区别。
举例说明that的使用场景。
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习
初中英语定语从句专项讲解与练习初中英语定语从句系统讲解及配套练(含答案)一.定语从句的概念在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面.二、定语从句的关系词关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等;关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,限定性定语从句是先行词在乎义上不成短少的定语,假如去掉的话,主句的意义就不完全,意义就表述不明。
这类句型普通定语从句紧接先行词,如:I was the only person in myoffice who was invited.2.非限定性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分隔,起弥补申明感化,如省去,意义仍完全。
非限制性定语从句。
它与主句的关系不十分密切,只是对其附加说明,也就是讲即便去掉定语从句,句意也不受影响,仍然清晰明了。
这样的定语从句要在它和主句之间加一逗号分开。
且关系代词不引导这种非限制性定语从句,如:Michael Jaskon,who is the greatest singer in the world,passed away in 2010.如:Mary lived in the city of Hongkong,where used to be a small poor countryside.4、干系代词的用法1.that既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。
在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。
(完整)初中英语定语从句讲解及练习
(完整)初中英语定语从句讲解及练习初中英语定语从句讲解及练一.定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句:修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
二.关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人,在从句中做主语(1) XXX class one.(2) yesterday i helped an old man who lost his way.2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) mr. liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.(2) mr. ling is just the boy whom i want to see.留意:干系代词whom在白话和非正式语体中经常利用who替代,可省略。
(3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) XXX is a game which is XXX.(2) this is the pen (which) XXX.4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
(5) the number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.(6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning?5. whose平日指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语(1) XXX.(2) i once XXX.whose指物时,经常利用以下布局来替代(3) the classroom XXX.(4) the classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.(5) do you like the book whose cover is yellow?(6) do you like the book the color of which is yellow?三.介词+干系代词指导的定语从句干系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+干系代词指导(1) the school (that/which) he once XXX.(2) the school in which he once XXX.(3) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.(4) tomorrow i will bring here a magazine for which you asked.(5) we'll go to hear the XXX) we have often talked about.(6) we'll go to hear the XXX.留意:1.含有介词的动词短语普通不拆开利用,如:look for, look after, take care of等(1) this is the watch which/that i am looking for. (t)(2) this is the watch for which i am looking. (f)2.若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that;指物时用which,不能用that;关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) the man with whom you talked is my friend. (t)(2) the man who/that you talked with is my friend. (f)(3) the plane in which we XXX)(4) the XXX)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) he loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) in the basket there are quite many apples, some ofwhich have gone bad.(3) there are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.in the dark street, there wasn't a single person ________ she could turn for help.a. thatb. whoc. from whomd. to whom简析:本题定语从句中的turn与介词to构成固定短语"turn to sb. for help (向某人求助)"。
初中英语定语从句讲解、练习与答案
定语从句(一)、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子,定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
女口:1) The man who lives n ext to us is a policema n.2) You must do everythi ng that I do .上面两句中的man和everything 是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who( 宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分(二)、关系代词引导的定语从句指人,在从句中做主语(1) The boys who are play ing football are from Class One.(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way .2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about .注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys . ( which 在句子中做主语)⑵ This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday . ( which 在句子中做宾语)4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。
(完整word版)初中英语定语从句详解及全部重点练习题。
初中英语定语从句全部详解和专项练习其实在初中英语中让许多人头疼的就是定语从句了。
下面是初中三年的定语从句所有及其练习。
定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。
定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。
关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。
关系副词有:when, where, why等。
一.关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1)who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。
例如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。
例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which)cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3)which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
例如:A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在句中作宾语)The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。
定语从句语法讲解及练习教案
定语从句语法讲解及练习教案一、教学目标1. 让学生理解定语从句的定义和作用。
2. 让学生掌握定语从句的引导词及其用法。
3. 让学生能够正确运用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
4. 让学生通过练习提高运用定语从句的能力。
二、教学内容1. 定语从句的定义和作用2. 定语从句的引导词:who, which, that, where, when, why等3. 定语从句的连接词:and, but, or等4. 定语从句的先行词:名词、代词、副词等5. 定语从句的倒装结构三、教学过程1. 引入:通过一个句子让学生猜测定语从句的作用。
2. 讲解:讲解定语从句的定义、作用和引导词。
3. 示例:给出一些定语从句的例子,让学生观察和理解。
4. 练习:让学生练习找出句子中的定语从句并解释其作用。
四、练习题1. 找出下列句子中的定语从句,并解释其作用。
a. The book that you gave me is very interesting.b. My friend, who lives in New York, is a teacher.c. The city where I was born is beautiful.d. The time when we met was unforgettable.2. 完成下列句子,使用定语从句修饰名词或代词。
a. I remember (1) _ (who) helped me when I was in trouble.b. The (2) _ (which) you gave me is very useful.c. Can you show me (3) _ (where) the library is?d. I like the movie (4) _ (that) we watched last night.五、答案及解析1. 定语从句的作用是修饰先行词,使句子更具体、清晰。
英语语法----定语从句详解教案+真题练习(含答案)
定语从句的用法欣赏含有定语从句的名言:Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.笑是太阳,它从人们的脸上赶走冬天。
Don’t trust the first sign that you see.不要相信你看见的第一个迹象。
All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子。
Nothing is impossible to the man who has will.世上无难事,只怕有心人。
God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。
1. 定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。
定语从句必须放在先行词之后。
引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。
例如:This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.这是他为我生日送的礼物。
Do you know everybody who came to the party?你认识来宴会的每一位吗?This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.这是毛主席曾经居住过的地方。
2. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
I prefer singers who can write their own lyrics.我更喜欢能写自己歌词的歌唱家。
These are musicians who make us happy.这些是能让我们高兴的音乐家。
People who eat a balanced diet are healthier.平衡饮食的人是健康的。
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?你认识我们在门口遇到的那个年轻人吗?Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.你想见的李先生已经来了。
初中定语从句精讲+总结+考点+习题含答案
初中定语从句精讲+总结+考点+做题方法+习题含答案一、定语从句的定义:什么是定语从句?定语:起修饰限定作用的词或短语She is a clever girl.定语定语从句:起修饰限定作用的句子,翻译出来带有“的”。
eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.(定语从句)“互相紧挨着建立的”房子和街道二、定语从句的分类限制性定语从句:从句与主句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用eg: 1.This is the school (that/which)we visited last year.非限制性定语从句:从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用eg:The weather turned out to be very good ,which was more than we could expect.三、定语从句的构成(一)先行词:定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词(二)引导词:用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词(三)从句引导词后起修饰作用的句子eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 先行词引导词四、定语从句要点考点考点一:引导词(一)引导词构成关系代词:根据先行词指人还是指物选择关系代词要点:当先行词在从句中作宾语时可省略that(人、物)、which(物)、who(m)(人)引导词whose(...的)关系副词:when(表时间)、where(表地点)、why(表原因)要点1:关系副词=介词+关系代词(在这种结构中,关系代词表示人,只能用whom ;关系代词表示物,只能用which )要点2:当先行词为case、position、point、situation、society、activity 等抽象意义的名词时,常用关系副词where引导定语从句.eg:He got himself into a dangerous situation where he may lose control of the plane .要点3:the way作先行词引导定从时,关系词可用in which/that/省略。
文库中考英语语定语从句讲解及练习课件
xx英语语定语从句讲解及练习课件the attributive clause定语从句一、定义:用来修饰名词或代词的句子叫做定语从句被修饰的名词、词组或代词称为先行词;二、关系词和先行词的关系:关系词和先行词密切相关,因为关系词用来指代先行词,并且在从句中充任一定的成分。
常用的关系词有:关系代词:who / whom (先行词表示人)which (先行词表示物)that / whose (先行词表示人或物)关系代词在从句中可充任主语,宾语或定语;可以和介词连用的关系代词:whom, which关系副词:when=on+which (表示时间)where =in+which(表示地点)why=for+which(表示原因)注意:关系副词在从句中充任状语。
三.按关系词种类再学习1.由that引导的定语从句大凡情况下that可指人或物,可以代替who,whom和which,但不能置于介词之后,如不能用in that,只能是in which。
如:the letter that(which)i received yesterday was from myfather.2.由who,whom和whose引导的定语从句who在从句中作主语,有时也可以代替whom做宾语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语。
如:1)this is the thief who stole my bike.2)he is the boy whom you wanted to find.3)the girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.3.由which 引导的定语从句which指物,在从句中作主语或作谓语动词的宾语。
如:1)the book which mum bought me last week is very good.2) the house which was built last year belongs to them.4.由where,when和why引导的定语从句where在从句中作地点状语,when在从句中作时间状语,why在从句中作原因状语。
定语从句讲解及练习(含答案)
定语从句讲解与练习一.定义:在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2. 关联词:1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。
可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略。
2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词:that, which, who, whom, whose代指先行词。
关系副词:when, where, why作时间状语。
三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法:1. that 和whichthat指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
Which指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意:The room in which I live is very big. (在介词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about “The Football Match”.3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导。
It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4)先行词为everything,something,anything,all,none,much,little,few 等不定代词时,定语从句只能用thatI want everything (that) I want.I am writing to tell you about something very strange that happened to me last week.5)先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时,只能用that Here is all the money (that) I have.6)先行词是同时含有“人和物”的名词时,定语从句只能用thatI can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.7)定语从句所修饰的词为the one 时,定语从句用that引导Is it the one(that)you want?8)为了避免重复,在疑问词who之后,用that 引导定语从句Who is the girl that won the first place?3. who和whomwho指人,在句中作主语和宾语,作宾语可省略。
初中英语语法 定语从句 专题讲解 (含教案设计及练习题)
初中英语语法定语从句专题讲解学生通过本课学习,能够掌握定语从句的概念、知识要点和用法,并在综合能力上有一定的应用。
☆课堂回顾:英语句子结构——定语:一、什么是定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。
定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
He is a clever boy.(形容词作定语)His father works in a steel work.(名词作定语)There are 54 students in our class.(数词)Do you known betty’s sister?(名词所有格)He bought some sleeping pills.(现代分词)His spoken language is good.(过去分词,相当于形容词)基础操练:请画出下列句中的定语。
1. What is your family name?2. The boy in blue is Tom.3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. There are five boys who will play the game.★本课知识点:定语从句的知识要点定语从句课本例句导入:the teacher who teaches us maths is a young man.the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha 17th street.the book that you borrowed from me yesterday is helen's.一、定语从句的概念:定语从句属于形容词性从句,用来修饰主句中的名词性成分,如主语、宾语。
定语从句在英语阅读材料里处处可见。
它是初中阶段的重要语法内容,也是学好英语的重难点。
首先我们了解一下定语:一本有趣的书an interesting book 形容词interesting做定语修饰名词book一位漂亮的女孩a beautiful girl形容词beautiful做定语修饰名词girl★定语就是在句子中修饰名词或代词的词。
初中英语语法 定语从句 专题讲解 (含教案及练习题)
初中英语语法定语从句专题讲解学生通过本课学习,能够掌握定语从句的概念、知识要点和用法,并在综合能力上有一定的应用。
☆课堂回顾:英语句子结构——定语:一、什么是定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。
定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
He is a clever boy.(形容词作定语)His father works in a steel work.(名词作定语)There are 54 students in our class.(数词)Do you known betty’s sister?(名词所有格)He bought some sleeping pills.(现代分词)His spoken language is good.(过去分词,相当于形容词)基础操练:请画出下列句中的定语。
1. What is your family name?2. The boy in blue is Tom.3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. There are five boys who will play the game.★本课知识点:定语从句的知识要点定语从句课本例句导入:the teacher who teaches us maths is a young man.the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha 17th street.the book that you borrowed from me yesterday is helen's.一、定语从句的概念:定语从句属于形容词性从句,用来修饰主句中的名词性成分,如主语、宾语。
定语从句在英语阅读材料里处处可见。
它是初中阶段的重要语法内容,也是学好英语的重难点。
首先我们了解一下定语:一本有趣的书an interesting book 形容词interesting做定语修饰名词book一位漂亮的女孩a beautiful girl形容词beautiful做定语修饰名词girl★定语就是在句子中修饰名词或代词的词。
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初中英语语法定语从句专题讲解学生通过本课学习,能够掌握定语从句的概念、知识要点和用法,并在综合能力上有一定的应用。
☆课堂回顾:英语句子结构——定语:一、什么是定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。
定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。
He is a clever boy.(形容词作定语)His father works in a steel work.(名词作定语)There are 54 students in our class.(数词)Do you known betty’s sister?(名词所有格)He bought some sleeping pills.(现代分词)His spoken language is good.(过去分词,相当于形容词)基础操练:请画出下列句中的定语。
1. What is your family name?2. The boy in blue is Tom.3. The man downstairs was trying to sleep.4. There are five boys who will play the game.★本课知识点:定语从句的知识要点定语从句课本例句导入:the teacher who teaches us maths is a young man.the restaurant where we had our lunch last time is in tha 17th street.the book that you borrowed from me yesterday is helen's.一、定语从句的概念:定语从句属于形容词性从句,用来修饰主句中的名词性成分,如主语、宾语。
定语从句在英语阅读材料里处处可见。
它是初中阶段的重要语法内容,也是学好英语的重难点。
首先我们了解一下定语:一本有趣的书an interesting book 形容词interesting做定语修饰名词book一位漂亮的女孩a beautiful girl形容词beautiful做定语修饰名词girl★定语就是在句子中修饰名词或代词的词。
我们还可以说成:a book that is interesting that is interesting这个句子做定语修饰名词booka girl who is beautiful who is beautiful这个句子做定语修饰名词girlinteresting 和that is interesting作用是相同的,都是用作定语来修饰名词book, 我们把这种★在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
观察下面的句子,请根据上面的定义找出下列句子中的定语:①Mary is a beautiful girl. 定语是②Jane is a girl who has long hair. 定语是③The pen that I bought yesterday is broken. 定语是二、定语语从句掌握要点:1)先行词(即主句中需要被修饰的关键词)2)引导词(也叫关系词)要学好定语从句,首先应该了解定语从句的相关术语:★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
如下面例句中的music。
★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
①关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, 关系副词有where, when, why等。
②关系词的三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中that / which/ who/ whom 作主语或宾语定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
初中主要学习限制性定语从句(一)关系代词的使用:本次课,我们先学习由关系代词引导的定语从句。
如下面例句中的that/ which就是关系代词。
I like music that / which I can dance to.【疑点之一】如何选用关系代词呢?关系代词在定语从句中又作何成分呢?【总结】:(1)当先行词指人时,可用that, who, whom;引导词在从句做主语时,用that或who都可以,在从句中作宾语时只用whom;(2)当先行词指物时用that或which,既可做主语也可做宾语;(3)whose既可指人又可指物,其中whose在句中做定语,表示一种所有关系。
这些关系代词在定语从句中作主语和宾语,作主语时关系代词不可省略,作宾语时可以省略。
例如:①I like music(先行词)that / which(关系代词)I can dance to.②I love singers(先行词)who / that(关系代词)write their own songs.③The girl(先行词)whom(关系代词)you met days ago moved to another city.在①句中,关系代词that / which在从句中作宾语,可以省略。
在②句中,关系代词who / that 在从句中作主语,不可以省略。
在③句中,关系代词whom 在从句中作宾语,可以省略。
(注意:在口语中常用who代替whom)【疑点之二】定语从句中谓语动词的单复数如何确定?【答疑解难】关系代词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词在人称和数上须和先行词保持一致。
如:①That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookstore.②The old woman who is wearing a pair of glasses is my grandma.【疑点之三】The city(that / which )she lives in is very far away. =The city in which she lives is very far away. 定语从句中介词的位置是怎样的?【答疑解难】关系代词做介词的宾语时,介词不能放在that, who的前面,但可以放在which, whom的前面,构成“介词+which/whom”结构。
但是,有些有介词的固定动词词组,其介词不可前置,只能跟在动词后面,如look for.The man you just talked to is Mr Zhang. =The man to whom you just talked is Mr Zhang.This is the person whom you are looking for. (介词for 不能放在whom前面)【答疑解难】不是的,在以下几种情况下,只能用that而不能用which。
①. 当先行词是不定代词(anything, everything, nothing, something, few, all, little等)时,引导词只用that。
Have you written down everything that Mr. Lin has said? 你写下林先生所说的每样东西了吗?All that can be done has been done.能做的所有事情都己经做了。
There is little that I can do for you. 我能为你做的事几乎没有了。
②. 当先行词由以下词修饰时,引导词只用that. 这些词有:only, very, the same, the last, all, any, some,no, little, few等。
如:That is the very dress that I want to buy. 那正是我要买的裙子。
English is the only subject that I like. 英语是我唯一喜欢的科目。
Cleaning the room again is the last thing that I can do for you.再次打扫房间是我能为你做的最后一事。
③. 当先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,引导词只用that.This is the fifth school that I have taught so far. 这是我目前为止教过的第5所学校。
Mr. Li’s class is the most interesting one that I have ever had. 李老师的课是我上过的最有趣的课。
④. 当先行词有人又有物时,只能用that。
如:Can you remember the writer and his books that we have reported?你记得我们报道过的那位作家和他的书吗?⑤在there be句型中,指物时只能用that. 不用which; 指人时,多用who,不用that.There is a street that is very busy every night.There is a lady who wants to meet you.(二)关系副词的使用:当先行词既不是人也不是物,而是时间、地点、原因等时,就要用到关系副词来引导定语从句了。
(1).先行词是时间, 地点,原因并在从句中作状语时, 引导词分别用when, where, why, 也可以用“介词+which”结构。
如:I wanted to know the day when he was born.=I wanted to know the day on which he was born.我想知道他出生在哪一天。
He still loved the school where we studied together two years ago.=He still loved the school in which we studied together two years ago.他仍然爱那所我们两年前一起读书的学校。
Do you know the reason why he was late for school? 你知道他迟到的原因吗?(2). 先行词是时间或地点,并在从句中作主语或宾语时, 引导词用which或者that。
如:I remember the days which (that) we spent on the farm. 我记得我们在农场渡过的日子。
Lu Ming studies in the school which (that) was built 1 years ago. 卢明在一所1年前建好的学校里读书。